Diodes AP6015 User Manual

AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Features

• High efficiency synchronous step-down converter with
greater than 94%

• Current Mode Operation for faster transient response
and better loop stab ilization

• 2.5V to 5.5V operating input voltage range

• Adjustable output voltage range from 0.8V to V

• Fixed output voltage options: 1.8V, 2.5V and 3.3V

• Up to 800mA output current

• High efficiency over a wide range of load currents

• PWM operation mode

• Internal soft-start function

• Typical quiescent current of 150μA

• MSOP-10L: Available in “Green” Molding Compound

(No Br, Sb)

• Lead Free Finish/ RoHS Compliant (Note 1)

Applications

• Mobile Handsets

• PDAs, Ult ra Mobile PCs

• Portable Media Players, Digital Still/Video Cameras

• USB-based DSL Modems

• LAN/WLAN/WPAN/WWAN Modules

General Description

The AP6015 is the first device in a family of lo w-noise current
mode synchronous step-down DC-DC converters. It is ideally
suited for systems powered by either a 1-cell Li-ion battery or a 2­to 3-cell NiCd/ NiMH/ Alkaline battery.

IN

The AP6015 is a synchronous PWM converter with integrated
N- and P-channel power MOSFET s witches. Compared to the
asynchronous topology, synchronous rectification offers the
benefits of higher efficiency and reduced com ponent cou nt. The
high operating frequency of 1MHz allows small inductor and
capacitor to be used. This results in small pcb area. During
shut-down, the standby current drops to 1μA or less. The
AP6015 is available in the 10-pin MSOP package. It operates
over a free-air temperature range of -40

o

C to 85o C.

Ordering Information

AP 6015 - XX

Voltage

Blank : Adj

Package

M10 : MSOP-10L

18 : 1.8V
25 : 2.5V
33 : 3.3V

Device

AP6015-XXM10G-13 M10 MSOP-10L 2500/Tape & Reel -13

Notes: 1. EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS). All applicable RoHS exemptions applied, see EU Directive 2002/95/EC Annex Notes.

2. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad layout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at

http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf

AP6015 Rev. 3 1 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

Package

Code

.

M10 G - 13

Green

G : Green

Packaging

(Note 2)

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Quantity Part Number Suffix

13” Tape and Reel

Packing

13 : Tape & Reel

Pin Assignment

AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

( Top View )

PVCC

VCC
GND

FB/Vout

1
2

3
4

PG

56

MSOP-10L

10

9
8

7

PGND

LX

EN

NC

CC

Pin Descriptions

Pin Name Pin NO. I/O Description

PVCC 1 I

VCC 2

GND 3 Ground

PG 4 O

FB 5 I Feedback pin for the fixed output voltage option.

Supply voltage input
Supply bypass pin. A 1μF coupling c apacitor s hould be conn ected as cl ose

as possible t o t hi s pi n.

Power good comparator output. A pull-up resistor should be connected
between PG and V

.

O

CC 6 I Compensation pin
NC 7 NC
EN 8 I Enable.Pin, H: Enable. L:shutdown

LX 9 I/O Connect the inductor to this pin.

PGND 10 Power ground

AP6015 Rev. 3 2 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

No connect

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)

Block Diagram

VCC

AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

CC

CC

PG

PG

EN

CE

UVLO

SSSS

TS Bias

Open drain

-

ER-AMP

+

FB

FB

Vref=0.8V

-

PG_COM

+

BANDGAP

Osc

Vramp

GND

Notes: 3. The adjustable output voltage version does not use the internal feedback resistor divider.

The FB pin is directly connected to the error amplifier.

Current

Protection

+

PWM-COM-

-

Buffer

PVCC

PVCC

LX

PGND

PGND

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Symbol Parameter Rating Unit

ESD HBM Human Body Model ESD Protection 2.5 KV

ESD MM Machine Model ESD Protection 300 V

PVCC, VCC Supply Voltage -0.3 to +5.5 V

Voltages on pins EN, CC, PG, FB, LX -0.3 to VIN +0.3 V

T

Maximum Junction Temperature Range +150

J(MAX

TST Storage temperature range -65 to +150

TOP Operating Junction Temperature Range -40 to +125

Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress rati ngs only and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not impli ed. E xposure to
absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods ma affect device reliability.

o

C

o

C

o

C

AP6015 Rev. 3 3 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Recommended Operating Conditions (T

:-40~85°C)

A

Symbol Parameter Rating Unit

TA Operating Ambient Temperature Range -40 to +85

o

C
VIN Supply Voltage 2.0 to 5.5 V
VO Output voltage range for adjustable output voltage version 0.8 to VI V

L Inductor (see Note 4) 3.3 μH

Ci Input capacitor (see Note 4) 10 μF

Co Output capacitor (see Note 4) VO ≥ 1.8V 10 μF

Notes: 4. Refer to application section for further information.

Electrical Characteristics (T

=25°C)

A

Over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VI=3.6V, VO=2.5V, IO=300mA, EN=VIN. (unless otherwise noted)

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ. Max Unit

Supply current

I

= 0mA to 800mA 2.5 - 5.5

O

-20 to 85

o

C

IO= 0mA to 500mA 2 - 5.5

VIN Input Voltage range

-40 to 85 oC

I

= 0mA to 600mA 2.5 5.5

O

V

IO= 0mA to 400mA 2 - ­Iccq Operating quiescent current IO= 0mA - 150 - μA
I

Standby current EN= GND - 0.1 1 μA

STBY

Enable

≤ 3V 1.5 - -

V

VIH

EN high-level input voltage

IN

VIN> 3V 2.5 - -

VIL EN low-level input voltage - - 0.7 V

IL EN input leakage current EN= GND or VIN - 0.01 0.1 μA

V

Under-voltage-lockout-threshold 1.2 1.6 1.95 V

(UVLO)

V

AP6015 Rev. 3 4 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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(

)

(

)

(FB)

T

AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

Over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VI=3.6V, VO=2.5V, IO=300 mA, EN=VIN. (unless otherwise noted)

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ. Max Unit

Power switch and current limit

=3.6V; I=200mA 200 280 410

V

I=VGS

VI=VGS=2V; I=200mA - 480 ­V

=3.6V; IO=200mA 200 280 410

I=VGS

VI=VGS=2V; IO=200mA - 500 -

R

DS(on)

P-channel MOSFET on-resistance
P-channel leakage current VDS=5.5V - - 1 μA
N-channel MOSFET on-resistance
N-channel leakage current VDS=5.5V - - 1 μA

I

P-channel current limit 2.5V≤VI≤5.5V 1200 - 1600 mA

LIM

Power good output (see Note 5)

V

Power good threshold Feedback voltage falling

(PG)

88%

92%

V

O

VO

94%

VO

Power good hysteresis 2.5% VO
VOL PG output low voltage
I

PG output leakage current V

LKG

Minimum supply voltage for valid

power good signal

(FB)

I

=10μA

sink

=VO nominal 0.01 1 μA

1.2 - - V

- - 0.3 V

=0.8×VO nominal;

V

Oscillator

FS Oscillator frequency 800 1000 1200 KHz

Output

VO Adjustable output voltage range 0.8 5.5 V

V

Reference voltage 0.784 0.8 0.816 V

REF

AP6015-Adj
AP6015-1.8V

Fixed output

VO

voltage

(see Note 6)

AP6015-2.5V

AP6015-3.3V

Line regulation

Load regulation

η Efficiency

Start-up time

θ

θ

Notes: 5. Power good is not valid for the first 100μs after EN goes high. Please refer to the application section for more information.

double sided FR-4 PCB

Thermal Resistance

JA

Junction-to-Ambient

hermal Resistance

JC

Junction-to-Case

6. The output voltage accuracy includes line and load regulation over the full temperature range.

7. Test condition for MSOP-10L: Device mounted on 2oz copper, minimum recommended pad layout on top & bottom layer with thermal vias,

=2.5V to 5.5V;

V

I

0mA ≤ I

≤ 800mA

O

10mA ≤ IO ≤ 800mA

=2.7V to 5.5V;

V

I

0mA ≤ I

≤ 800mA

O

10mA ≤ IO ≤ 800mA

=3.6V to 5.5V;

V

I

0mA ≤ I

≤ 800mA

O

10mA ≤ IO ≤ 800mA

= VO ＋0.5 V ( min.2V )

V

I

to 6.0V; I

=10mA

O

VI=5.0V;
I

=10mA to 800mA

O

=5V; VO=3.3V; IO=300mA

V

I

VI=3.6V; VO=2.5V; IO=200mA
IO=0mA, time from
active EN to V

O

－3%
－3%

－3%
－3%
－3%
－3%

- 4%

- 3%

- 4%

- 3%

- 4%

- 3%

0.3 %/V

0.8 %
94 %

0.4 1 4 ms
MSOP-10L (Note 7) 161
MSOP-10L (Note 7) 39

mΩ

mΩ

o

C/W

o

C/W

V

V

AP6015 Rev. 3 5 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Typical Application Circuit

For best transient response we suggest that R
V

< 3.0V, V

IN

V

≥ 3.0V, V

IN

V

≥ 3.0V, V

IN

OUT
OUT
OUT

(1) ADJ Output

< 2.5V 200KΩ 33PF
< 2.5V
≥ 2.5V

R

C

CC

68KΩ 100PF
82KΩ 100PF

, C

and L1 values as below.

CC

CC

L1-WURTH C1, C2 (MLCC)

CC

AP6015

1.8µH 10µF

1.8µH 10µF

3.3µH 10µF

VI3.0 V to 5.5 V

C1

10µF

(2) FIXED Output

Typical Application

5 V

V

I

C1

10uF

L1

9

5

4

10

CC

R3
680K

Power Good

R1

C2

10µF

R2

because of stability reasons.

R

1

VV

REFO

)1(

+×=

R

2

100 Ohm

C3

1µF

1

2

8

PVCC

VCC

EN

GND

LX

FB

AP6015

PG

PGND

CC

63

Rcc

C
100pF

R2: Suggest to be 39K~100K

Typical Application Circuit for Adjustable Output Voltage Option

L1

LX

FB

PG

9

5

R3

4

680K

Power Good

1.8/ 2.5/ 3.3V/ 800mA

V

O

C2
10uF

100 Ohm

1

2

8

PVCC

VCC

AP6015

EN

2.5 V/800 mA

V

O

C3

1uF

GND CC

63

PGND

Rcc

C

100pF

10

CC

Standard 5 V to 1.8/ 2.5/ 3.3V/ 800mA Conversion; High Efficiency

AP6015 Rev. 3 6 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Typical Operating Characteristics

AP6015

Input Voltage vs. Supply Current

250

200

150

100

Supply Current (uA)

50

0

22.533.644.555.5

Input Voltage (V)

Vout=0.8V

Vout=1.8V

Figure 1

Stand-by Current vs. Input Voltage

0.1

0.08

Supply Current vs. Temperature

250

200

150

100

Supply Current (uA)

50

0

(Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V)

-40 -25 0 25 50 85

Temperature (℃)

Figure 2

Stand-by C u rrent vs. Temperature

(Vcc=3.6V)

1.2

1

0.06

0.04

Stand-by Current (uA)

0.02

0

22.533.644.555.5

Input Voltage (V)

Figure 3

0.8

0.6

0.4

Stand-by Current (uA)

0.2

0

-40-250 255085

Temperature (℃)

Figure 4

AP6015 Rev. 3 7 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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)

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Typical Operating Characteristics (Continued)

AP6015

Line Regulation

(Vout=2.5V Iout=10mA)

2.55

2.54

2.53

2.52

2.51

2.5

2.49

2.48

Output Voltage (V)

2.47

2.46

2.45

3.0V 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.5

Input Voltage (V)

Figure 5

Frequency vs. Temperature

(Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V)

1050

1000

Load Regulation

2.55

2.54

2.53

2.52

2.51

2.5

2.49

2.48

Output Voltage (V)

2.47

2.46

2.45
10 100 200 400 600 800

(Vcc=5.0V Vout=2.5V)

Ou tpu t Current (mA)

Figure 6

UVLO vs. Temperature

1.8

1.72

950

900

850

Frequency (KHz

800

750

-40 -25 0 25 50 85

Temperat ure (℃)

Figure 7

1.64

1.56

UVLO (V)

1.48

1.4

-40 -25 0 25 50 85

Temperature (

)

℃

Figure 8

AP6015 Rev. 3 8 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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)

)

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Typical Operating Characteristics (Continued)

AP6015

Efficiency vs. Load Current

(Vcc=3.6V Vout=1.8V)

100

90
80
70
60
50
40

Efficiency (%

30
20
10

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Load Current (mA)

Figure 9

Efficiency vs. Load Current

(Vcc=5.0V Vout=2.5V)

100

90
80
70
60
50
40

Efficiency (%)

30
20
10

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Load Current (mA)

Figure 11

Efficiency vs. Load Current

(Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V)

100

90
80
70
60
50
40

Efficiency (%)

30
20
10

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Load Current (mA)

Figure 10

Efficiency vs. Load Current

(Vcc=5.0V Vout=3.3V)

100

90
80
70
60
50
40

Efficiency (%

30
20
10

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Load Current (mA)

Figure 12

AP6015 Rev. 3 9 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Typical Operating Characteristics (Continued)

AP6015

Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current

(Vout=2.5V)

400
350
300
250
200
150
100

Dropout Voltage (mV)

50

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Load Current (mA)

Figure 13 Figure 14

Output Ripple Output Ripple

Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current

(Vout=3.3V)

400
350
300
250
200
150
100

Dropout Voltage (mV)

50

0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Load Current (mA)

Figure 15

Figure 16

AP6015 Rev. 3 10 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Typical Operating Characteristics (Continued)

Load Transient Response Load Transient Response

Figure 17 Figure 18

Load Transient Response Load Transient Response

AP6015

Figure 19

AP6015 Rev. 3 11 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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Figure 20

AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Application Information

 Enable (EN)
When EN is on logic low, the AP6015 goes into shutdown mode. In shutdown, all other functions are turned
off. The supply current is reduced to 1uA (Typ.).

 Soft Start
As the enable pin goes high, the soft-start function generates an internal voltage ramp. This causes the
start-up current to slowly raise preventing output voltage overshoot and high inrush currents. The soft-start
duration is typical 1mSec.

AP6015 START-UP TIME

 Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO)
The UVLO prevents the converter from t urning on when the voltage on V

0V

0V

AP6015 Rev. 3 12 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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is less than typically 1.6V.

CC

3.6V

Vcc

1.6V

UVLO

2.5V

Vout

)

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Application Information (Continued)

 Power Good (PG)

AP6015

The PG comparator has an open drain output capable of sinking typically 10mA. The PG is only active when
the AP6015 is enable (EN=high). When the AP6015 is disable (EN=low), the PG pin is high impedance.
If the PG pin is connected to the output of the AP6015 with a pull-up resistor, no initial spike occurs and
precautions have to be taken during start-up.
The PG pin becomes active high when the output voltage exceeds typically 92% of its nominal value. Leave
the PG pin unconnected when not used.

PG Sink Current vs. ExteranI Voltage

25

20

15

10

PG Sink Current (mA

5

0

2 2.5 3 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.5

Extern al Vol t age (V)

AP6015 Rev. 3 13 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Application Information (Continued)

 Inductor Selection
In order to avoid saturation of the inductor, the inductor should be rated at least for the maximum output
current plus the inductor ripple current which is calculated as:

V

O

−

VI

×=Δ

OL

Where:
f= Switching frequency (1MHz typical)
L = Inductor value
△I

= Peak-to-peak inductor ripple current

L

I

(max) = Maximum inductor current

L

Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V f=1MHz L=3.3uH

Î△I

≒230mA

L

)(1

V

CC

fL

×

II

MAXOMAXL

I

Δ

L

+=

)()(

2

Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V f=1MHz L=1.8uH
Î△IL≒360mA

AP6015 Rev. 3 14 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Application Information (Continued)

 Input Capacitor Selection
Though there is no special requirement for the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of the input capacitor, due

attention should be paid to the tolerance and temperature coefficient of the capacitor used. A 10uF or larger
capacitance is required between the PVCC and the GND pins. The input capacitor should be placed as
close as possible to the PVCC pin in order to achieve good overall system performance.

 Output Capacitor Selection
Ripple at the voltage output pin is caused by the charge-and-discharge of the output capacitor. For the best

performance, a low ESR output capacitor should be used. The equation below demonstrates how the size of
the ripple can be calculated.

V

O

−

VV

×=Δ

OO

Where:
△Vo= Output voltage ripple

)(1

V

CC

×

×

1

(

8

fCfL

××

O

IESR

×Δ=+

L

1

()

8

+

fC

××

O

ESR

)

L = Inductor value
f = Switching frequency (1MHz typical)
△I

= Peak-to-peak inductor ripple current

L

AP6015 Rev. 3 15 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Application Information (Continued)

 Layout Considerations
A good board layout practice can significantly improve the stability of the application circuit and reduce the

system noise. The feedback path must be as short as possible. The input capacitor and bypass capacitor
must be placed close to the PVCC and the VCC pins for optimal performance. It is recommended that the
ground planes for System Ground / Power Ground / Analog Ground are isolated from each others, while they
should all be joined together at a common point. An example drawing of a circuit with good ground noise
performance is shown below.

L1

V

C1

10µF

1

I

C3

1µF

100 Ohm

10

2

PVCC

VCC

AP6015

EN

PGND

GND CC

63

LX

FB

PG

Rcc

C

CC

100 pF

9

5

48

R3
680K

R1

Power Good

R2

V

C2

10 uF

O

The external induc tor m ust be pl aced as clos e as pos sible t o the s witc hing no de, i. e. th e LX pin. The co pper
traces on the pcb, where high peak switching current may flow through, should be kept ‘wide’ and ‘short’.
This results in low inductance and capacitance in the current path, hence ground shift problem is avoided and
system stability stay within bound.

AP6015 Rev. 3 16 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

Marking Information

( Top View )

10

9876

Logo

Part Number

6015XX

XX : 18 for 1.8V

25 for 2.5V
33 for 3.3V
Blank for ADJ

245

1

MSOP-10L

Package Information (All Dimensions in mm)

(1) Package type: MSOP-10L

W X

Y

3

AP6015

A~Z : Green
Y : Year : 0~9

W

: Week : A~Z : 1~26 week;
a~z : 27~52 week; z represents
52 and 53 week

0.10

0.1/0.2

C

1

0.17/0.27

2.95/3.05

0.5Typ.

1

4.8/5.0

2.95/3.05

10x-1.4

Land Pattern Recommendation

0.75/0.95

1.10Max.

C

0.05/0.15

Seting plane

0.4/0.7

10x-0.30

8x-0.50

4.4

1

(Unit:mm)

0.25
Gauge plane

8°

/

°

0

"A"

DETAIL "A"

AP6015 Rev. 3 17 of 18 FEBRUARY 2009

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AP6015

High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter

IMPORTANT NOTICE

Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further
notice to any product herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product described herein; neither
does it convey any license under its patent rights, nor the rights of others. The user of products in such applications shall assume all risks of such use and will
agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on our website, harmless against all damages.

LIFE SUPPORT

Diodes Incorporated products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the expressed written approval of the
President of Diodes Incorporated.

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