Diodes AP431A User Manual

E

Description

AP431/AP431A

ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATOR

Pin Assignments

The AP431 and AP431A are 3-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulators with guaranteed temperature stability over the applicable extended commercial temperature range. The output voltage may be set at any level greater than 2.495V (V

) up to 36V merely by

REF

selecting two external resistors that act as a voltage divider network. These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2. Active output circuitry provides very sharp turn-on characteristics, making these devices excellent improved replacements for Zener diodes in many applications.

CATHODE

(1) SOT25 (2) SO-8

NC

(Top View)

18

2

3 4

NC

(Top View)

1

2

3

5ANOD

4REF

CATHODE

ANODE ANODE

(3) SC59 (4) SC59R

7

6 5

The precise (+/-) 1% reference voltage tolerance of the AP431/AP431A make it possible in many applications to avoid the use of a variable resistor, consequently saving cost and eliminating drift and reliability problems associated with it.

Features

 Precision Reference Voltage

(5) SOT23 (6) SOT23R

(Top View)

 AP431: 2.495V ± 1%

REF

1

ANODE

3

2

 AP431A: 2.495V ± 0.5%  Sink Current Capability: 200mA  Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation: 300A  Equivalent Full-Range Temp Coefficient: 30ppm/°C

CATHODE

 Fast Turn-On Response  Low Dynamic Output Impedance: 0.2  Programmable Output Voltage to 36V  Low Output Noise  Lead Free Packages: SOT25, SC59, SC59R, SOT89 SO-8 and

TO92

 Totally Lead-Free; RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2)

 SOT23, SOT23R, SOT25, SC59, SC59R, SO-8, SOT89, TO92:

Available in “Green” Molding Compound (No Br, Sb). See “Ordering Information”

 Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3)

(7) SOT89 (8) TO92

(Top View)

2

1

Anode Cathode

REF

3

(Top View)

+ + +

3 Cathode

2 Anode

1 REF

Notes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant.

2. See http://www.diodes.com for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free.

3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds.

REF ANODE

ANODE

NC

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

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A

Typical Applications Circuit



V

IN

AP431/AP431A

V

OUT

Symbol

+

C

IN

R1

+

C

OUT

A431P

R2

V = (1 + R1/ R2) V

OUT REF

Precision Regulator

Cathode (C)

REF (R)

Functional Block Diagram

REF (R)

Anode (A)

+

-

V

REF

node (A)

Cathode (C)

AP431/AP431A

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AP431/AP431A

Absolute Maximum Ratings (@T

Parameter Rating Unit

Cathode Voltage +36 V Continuous Cathode Current -10 to +250 mA Reference Input Current 10 mA Operating Temperature -20 to +85 °C Storage Temperature -65 to +150 °C

Power Dissipation (Notes 4, 5)

Notes: 4. TJ, max = +150°C.

5. Ratings apply to ambient temperature at +25°C.

Electrical Characteristics (@T

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units

= +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)

A

SOT23(R) 400 mW SOT25 550 mW SC59(R) 400 mW SO-8 600 mW SOT89 800 mW TO92 780 mW

= +25°C, VDD = 3V; unless otherwise specified.)

A

V

REF

V

DEV

V

REF

V

KA

I

REF

I

REF

I

KA(MIN)

I

KA(OFF)

|ZKA|

Reference voltage

Deviation of reference input voltage over temperature (Note 5)

Ratio of the change in reference voltage to the change in cathode voltage

Refernce input current Deviation of reference input current over

temperature Minimum cathode current for regulation

Off-state current

Dynamic output impedance (Note 7)

V

= V

KA

I

KA

V

KA

T

= Full Range (Figure 1)

A

I

KA

,

REF

= 10mA (Figure 1)

= V

, IKA = 10mA

REF

= 10mA (Figure 2)

AP431 AP431A

= V

REF

to 10V

V

KA

VKA = 10V to 36V R1 = 10K, R2 =  IKA = 10mA (Figure 2) R1 = 10K, R2 =  I

T

= Full range (Figure 2)

A

VKA = V VKA = 36V, V V

KA

I

KA

(Figure 1)

REF

= V

REF VKA

= 0.1mA to 15mA

= 10mA

KA

= 0V (Figure 3)

= V

REF

Frequency  1KHz (Figure 1)

2.470

2.482

2.495

2.520

2.507

V

— 8.0 20.0 mV

— -1.4 -2.0 mV/V — -1 -2 mV/V — 1.4 3.5 µA

— 0.4 1.2 µA — 0.19 0.50 mA

— 0.1 1.0 µA

— 0.2 0.5 

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

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Electrical Characteristics (cont.) (@T

V

MAX

V

MIN

= +25°C, VDD = 3V; unless otherwise specified.)

A

V = V - V

DEV MAX MIN

AP431/AP431A

Note: 6. Deviation of reference input voltage, V

The average temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage V

V

(

V

REF

Where: T2 – T1 = full temperature change.

can be positive or negative depending on whether the slope is positive or negative.

V

REF



T1 T2Temperature

, is defined as the maximum variation of the reference over the full temperature range.

DEV

is defined as:

REF

DEV





6

10)



C)(25V

TT

12

……………………..………..…………….. (

ppm

)

C



Note: 7. The dynamic output impedance, RZ, is defined as:

V





KA

IN

KA

I



KA

R1

(1Z

)



R2

IN

Z

KA

When the device is programmed with two external resistors R1 and R2 (see Figure 2.), the dynamic output impedance of the overall circuit, is defined as:

v



'

Z

 ≈

Test Conditions

KA



i



Input

V

KA

I

KA

V

REF

Figure. 1 Test Circuit for V = V

KA REF

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

R1

I

REF

V

R2

Note: V = V (1 + R 1/R2) + I xR1

KA REF REF

Figure. 2 T est Circuit for V > V

REF

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I

KA

V

KA

KA REF

V

KA

I

Z(OFF)

Figure. 3 Test Circuit for Off-State C ur r ent

June 2013

O

CAT

E CURRENT

A

R

C

A

G

R

F

RENC

O

A

G

Typical Performace Characteristics

100

DE CURRENT(mA)

0

V = V

KA REF



T = 25C

A

AP431/AP431A

V = V

KA REF

600

T = 25C



A



400

I

KA(MIN)

200

) (m

HOD

CATH

-100

250

2495

2490

2485

2480

CATHODE VOL TAGE (V)

0.5 1.5 2.5-0.5-1

Cathode Cur r ent vs. Cathod e Voltage

06080-20-40

20 40

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE (C)

Referenc e Voltage vs. Free-A ir Temperature

0

CATHODE CURRENT( A)

0

-200

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50-0.5-1

CATHODE VOLTAGE (V)

Cathode Current ( A) vs. Cath ode Voltage



2

R1 = 10k I = 10mA



KA

1.8

ENT( A)

1.6

1.4

ENCE INPUT CU

1.2

EFE

1

25 50 75 100 1250-25-50

FREE -A IR T EM PE R ATURE (V)

Reverence Input Current vs. Free Temperature

-2

E (mV)

I = 10mA

KA

T = 25C



LT

A

-4

E V

-6

E E

-8

E in N

-10

H

-12 10 25 3050

15 20

CATHODE VOLTAGE (V)

Change in Reference Voltage vs. Cathode Voltage

AP431/AP431A

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O

CAT

E CURRENT

A

R

C

A

G

R

F

RENC

O

A

G

Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)

100

DE CURRENT(mA)

0

V = V

KA REF



T = 25C

A

AP431/AP431A

V = V

KA REF

600

T = 25C



A



400

I

KA(MIN)

200

) (m

HOD

CATH

-100

250

2495

2490

2485

2480

CATHODE VOL TAGE (V)

0.5 1.5 2.5-0.5-1

Cathode Cur r ent vs. Cathod e Voltage

06080-20-40

20 40

FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE (C)

Referenc e Voltage vs. Free-A ir Temperature

0

CATHODE CURRENT( A)

0

-200

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50-0.5-1

CATHODE VOLTAGE (V)

Cathode Current ( A) vs. Cath ode Voltage



2

R1 = 10k I = 10mA



KA

1.8

ENT( A)

1.6

1.4

ENCE INPUT CU

1.2

EFE

1

25 50 75 100 1250-25-50

FREE -A IR TE M PE R ATURE (V)

Reverence Input Current vs. Free Temperatur e

-2

E (mV)

I = 10mA

KA

T = 25C



LT

A

-4

E V

-6

E E

-8

E in N

-10

H

-12 10 25 3050

15 20

CATHODE VOLTAGE (V)

Change in Reference Voltage vs. Cathode Voltage

AP431/AP431A

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G

OLTAG

PLIFICATIO

REFERENC

P

C



Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)

60

I = 10mA

N (dB)

50

KA

T = 25C



A

AP431/AP431A

15K



I

KA

Output

232



40

E AM

30

20

NAL V

10

0

V

A - SMALL SI

Small-Signal Voltage Amplificatio n vs. Fr equency

100

I = 10mA

KA



T = 25C

A

E

10

EDAN

E IM

1

100K10K1K 1M 10M

f-FREQUENCY -Hz

9F



-

+

8.25K



+

-

GND

Test Circuit for Voltage A mplification

1K

Output

I

50



KA

GND

ZKA

Test Circuit for Reference Impedance

0

Reference Impedance vs. Fre quency

100K10K1K 1M 10M

f-FREQUENCY -Hz

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

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June 2013

O

G



C

THO

CUR

RENT

Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)

6

T = 25°C

A

Input

Output

E (V)

LTA

UTPUT V

5

4

3

Pulse

Generator

f = 100kHz

220

50

AP431/AP431A

Output



2

1

INPUT and

0

-101234567 t- TIME ( s)

Pulse Response

100

A V = V

KA REF

90

B

V = 5V

KA

C V = 10V

KA

D V = 15V

80

(mA)

DE

A

KA

I-

†

The areas under the curves represent conditions that may cause

KA

70 60

50 40

30 20 10

0

0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10

Stable

A

C - LOAD CAPACITANCE ( F)

L

Stability Boundary Conditions



T = 25C



A

B

C

D

Stable



†

the device to oscilate. For curves B, C, and D, R2 and V+ were adjusted to establish the initial V V

and CL were then adjusted to determine the ranges of

BATT

and IKA conditions with CL = 0.

KA

stability.

GND

Test Circuit for Pulse Response

150



I

KA

+

C

L

Test Circuit for Curve A

V

BATT

-

I

R1 = 10K

C

L

KA



R2

Test Circuit for Curve B, C, and D

150



+

V

BATT

-

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

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Application Examples

V

IN

R1A

R1B

AP431/AP431A

V

IN

V

IN

R

I

R

OUT

CL

R2A

LED on wh en Low Limit < V < High Li m i t

Low Limit V (1 + R1B/R2B)

Limit V (1 + R1A/R2A)

High

Fig. 4 Voltage Monit or

V

IN

I = V / R

OUT REF S

Fig. 7 Constant-Current Sink

R2B



REF



REF

IN

I

OUT

R

S

+

OFF

N

Dela y = RC x ln

(

Fig 5. Delay Timer

V

IN

R 1

R 2

V = (1 + R1/R2) x V

OUT REF

Fig. 8 Higher-Current Shunt Regulator

V

IN

V - V

IN REF

)

Fig 6. Current Limiter or Current Source

V

IN

PULSE

V

OUT

I= V /R

OUT REF CL

V

OUT

R 1

R 2



Limit (1 + R1/R2) x V

Fig. 9 Crow Bar

REF

V

IN

R1A

R1B

Output ON when Low Limit < V < High L imi t

+

V

R2A

R2B

Low Limit V (1 + R1B/R2B) + V



High

REF BE

Limit V (1 + R1A/R2A)



REF

BE

Fig. 10 Ov er - Vol t age/ Under-Voltage Protection Circui t

Note: 12. Online application note, “Design Consideration with AP431 when used as a Comparator”

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

URL: http://www.diodes.com/_files/products_appnote_pdfs/AN78.pdf

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IN

June 2013

Ordering Information

AP431/AP431A

AP431 X XX X - X

Reference Voltage

Tolerance

Blank : ±1% A : ±0.5%

Package Lead-Free Packing

SA : SOT23 SR : SOT23R Q : SOT25 W : SC59

L : Lead Free G : Green (Note 8)

7 : Tape & Reel (Note 11) 13 : Tape & Reel (Note 11) 13R : Tape & Reel (Note 11)

A : Ammo Box (Note 9) R : SC59R Blank : SO-8 Y : SOT89 V : TO92

Part Number

(Note 10)

AP431(A)SAG-7 SA SOT23 3000/Tape & Reel -7 NA NA

AP431(A)SRG-7 SR SOT23R 3000/Tape & Reel -7 NA NA

Pb

AP431(A)QL-7 Q SOT25 3000/Tape & Reel -7 NA NA

Lead-Free

AP431(A)QG-7 Q SOT25 3000/Tape & Reel -7 NA NA

Pb

AP431AWL-7 W SC59 3000/Tape & Reel -7 NA NA

Lead-Free

AP431(A)WG-7 W SC59 3000/Tape & Reel -7 NA NA

Pb

AP431(A)RL-7 R SC59R 3000/Tape & Reel -7 NA NA

Lead-Free

AP431(A)RG-7 R SC59R 3000/Tape & Reel -7 NA NA

AP431(A)G-13 SO-8 2500/Tape & Reel -13 NA NA

Pb

AP431(A)YL-13 Y SOT89 2500/Tape & Reel -13 NA NA

Lead-Free

AP431(A)YG-13 Y SOT89 2500/Tape & Reel -13 NA NA

AP431(A)YG-13R Y SOT89 4000/Tape & Reel -13R NA NA

Pb

AP431(A)VL-A V TO92 NA NA 2000/Box NA

Lead-Free

AP431(A)VG-A V TO92 NA NA 2000/Box NA

Notes: 8. SO-8, SOT23 and SOT23R are available in “Green” products only.

10. Suffix “A” denotes AP431A device.

11. Details of tape and reel options can be seen in document AP2007, which can be found on our website at

9. Ammo Box is for TO92 Spread Lead.

http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02007.pdf

Package Code Packaging

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

7”/13 Tape and Reel Ammo Box

Quantity

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Part Number Suffix

(Note 11)

Quantity

Part Number

Suffix

June 2013

Marking Information

(1) SC59 and SC59R

AP431/AP431A

( Top View )

(2) SOT23 and SOT23R

(3) SOT25

(4) SO-8

XX

1 2

( Top View )

XX

1 2

( Top View )

5

XX

1 2 3

3

Y W

3

Y W

Y

W

X

4

X

XX : Identification code

Y

: Year 0~9 : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week;

W

a~z : 27~52 week; z represents

52 and 53 week

X

: A~Z : Green

a~z : Lead Free

XX : Identification code

Y

: Year 0~9 : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week;

W

a~z : 27~52 week; z represents

52 and 53 week

: A~Z : Green

X

7

: Identification code

XX

Y

: Year 0~9 : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week;

W

a~z : 27~52 week; z represents

52 and 53 week

: A~Z : Green

X

a~z : Lead Free

( Top View )

Logo

Part Number

Accuracy Blank : 2.495 + A : 2.495 +

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

1%

0.5%

8

AP431X

WW X

YY

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5

G : Green

: Year : 08, 09,10~

YY

: Week : 01~52; 52

X

41

WW represents 52 and 53 week X

: Internal Code

June 2013

Marking Information (cont.)

(5) SOT89

( Top View )

XX : Identification code

X X Y W

1 32

(6) TO92

Accuracy

Blank: 2.495 + 1%

A: 2.495 + 0.5%

Identification Code Table

Device Package (Note 11) Identifica tio n Code Date Code

AP431SA SOT23 D1 YM

AP431ASA SOT23 D2 YM

AP431SR SOT23R D5 YM

AP431ASR SOT23R D6 YM

AP431Q SOT25 A2 YM

AP431AQ SOT25 A3 YM

AP431W SC59 A6 YM

AP431AW SC59 A7 YM

AP431R SC59 A8 YM

AP431AR SC59 A9 YM

AP431Y SOT89 A4 YM

AP431AY SOT89 A5 YM

Note: 11. For Packaging Details, go to our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02007.pdf.

Y : Year : 0~9

: Week : A~Z : 1~26 week;

W

X

: Internal code

A~Z: Green

a~z : Lead Free

( Top View )

AP431

X

Y WW X X

a~z : 27~52 week;

z represents 52 and 53 week

G : Green

L : Lead Free

: Year : 0~9

Y WW : Week : 01~52; 52

represents 52 and 53 week X

: Internal Code

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

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June 2013

Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm.)

Please see AP02002 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02002.pdf for latest version.

(1) SOT25

K

J

A

Dim Min Max Typ

A 0.35 0.50 0.38

B C

H

N

D

L

M

B 1.50 1.70 1.60 C 2.70 3.00 2.80 D H 2.90 3.10 3.00

J 0.013 0.10 0.05

K 1.00 1.30 1.10

L 0.35 0.55 0.40 M 0.10 0.20 0.15 N 0.70 0.80 0.75



All Dimensions in mm

(2) SO-8

(3) SC59 and SC59R

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

E1

E

A1

Detail ‘A’

h

°

45

A2

A3

A

e

K

J

b

D

A

C

B

G H

N

D

L

0.254

Gauge Plane Seating Plane

L

7°~9

°

M

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Detail ‘A’

13 of 17

Dim Min Max

A - 1.75 A1 0.10 0.20 A2 1.30 1.50 A3 0.15 0.25

D 4.85 4.95

E1 3.85 3.95

All Dimensions in mm

Dim Min Max Typ

A 0.35 0.50 0.38

B C D G H J K L

M

N 0.70 0.80 0.75



All Dimensions in mm

SOT25

 

0° 8°

SO-8

b 0.3 0.5

E 5.90 6.10

e 1.27 Typ h - 0.35 L 0.62 0.82

0 8



SC59

1.50 1.70 1.60

2.70 3.00 2.80

- - 0.95

- - 1.90

2.90 3.10 3.00

0.013 0.10 0.05

1.00 1.30 1.10

0.35 0.55 0.40

0.10 0.20 0.15

0° 8° -

0.95



AP431/AP431A

June 2013

Package Outline Dimensions (cont.) (All dimensions in mm.)

Please see AP02002 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02002.pdf for latest version.

(4) SOT23 and SOT23R

A

C

B

H

K

F

J

D

G

K1

L

M

(5) SOT89

E

B1

D1

8° (4X)

D

0

2

.

0

R

1

H

L

B

e

A

C

H

(6) TO92

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

B



E

b

L

e

LOOSE PRODUCT

D

EJECTION MARK

N

A

EJECTION

E

L1

c

e2 e2

TAPED PRODUCT

MARK

L2

L3

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AP431/AP431A

Dim Min Max Typ

SOT23

A 0.37 0.51 0.40 B 1.20 1.40 1.30 C 2.30 2.50 2.40 D 0.89 1.03 0.915 F 0.45 0.60 0.535 G 1.78 2.05 1.83 H 2.80 3.00 2.90 J 0.013 0.10 0.05 K 0.903 1.10 1.00

K1 - - 0.400

L 0.45 0.61 0.55 M 0.085 0.18 0.11

0° 8° -



All Dimensions in mm

SOT89

Dim Min Max

A 1.40 1.60 B 0.44 0.62

B1 0.35 0.54

C 0.35 0.44 D 4.40 4.60

D1 1.62 1.83

E 2.29 2.60 e 1.50 Typ H 3.94 4.25

H1 2.63 2.93

L 0.89 1.20

All Dimensions in mm

TO92

Dim Min Max Typ

A 3.45 3.66 — B 4.27 4.78 — b — — 0.38 c — — 0.38 D — — 3.87 E 4.32 4.83 — e — — 1.27

e2 2.40 2.90 —

L 12.98 15.00 — L1 12.80 15.00 — L2 0.80 — L3 2.00 3.00 —

N 1.22 1.37 — All Dimensions in mm

June 2013

Suggested Pad Layout

Please see AP02001 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf for the latest version.

(1) SOT25

G

Z

Y

X

C2C2

C1

Dimensions Value (in mm)

Z

G

X Y

C1 2.40

C2

(2) SO-8

X

C2

Y

C1

Dimensions Value (in mm)

X 0.60

Y 1.55 C1 5.4 C2 1.27

(3) SC59 and SC59R

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

Y

Z

C

X E

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Dimensions Value (in mm)

Z 3.4

X 0.8

Y 1.0

C

E

3.20

1.60

0.55

0.80

0.95

2.4

1.35

AP431/AP431A

June 2013

Suggested Pad Layout (cont.)

Please see AP02001 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf for the latest version.

(4) SOT23 and SOT23R

(5) SOT89

Y

Z

X

X1

E

C

Dimensions Value (in mm)

Y3

Y

X2 (2x)

Y1

Y4

Y2

C

X (3x)

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

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Z 2.9 X 0.8 Y 0.9 C E

X 0.900 X1 1.733 X2 0.416

Y 1.300 Y1 4.600 Y2 1.475 Y3 0.950 Y4 1.125

C 1.500

2.0

1.35

AP431/AP431A

June 2013

AP431/AP431A

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A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which:

1. are intended to implant into the body, or

2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the

labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. B. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause

the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness.

Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support devices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related information or support that may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further, Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated p roducts in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems.

www.diodes.com

IMPORTANT NOTICE

LIFE SUPPORT

AP431/AP431A

Document number: DS31002 Rev. 21 - 2

17 of 17

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June 2013