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CPC
FB
VCC
CS
C
C
GND
1
2
3
4
7
6
5
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
CPC
FB
VCC
CS C
C
GND
NC
Description
The AP3968/69/70 consists of a primary side regulation controller and
a high voltage transistor, and is specially designed for off-line power
supplies within 12W output power. Typical applications include
adapter for ADSL and auxiliary supplies.
The AP3968/69/70 operates at pulse frequency modulation (PFM),
and provides accurate constant voltage, constant current (CV/CC)
regulation without requiring an opto-coupler and secondary control
circuitry. It has internal cable compensation function for tight constant
voltage regulation.
The AP3968/69/70 solution has fewer component numbers, smaller
size, and lower total cost.
The AP3968 is packaged in SO-7. The AP3969 is available in PDIP-
7. The AP3970 is available in PDIP-7 and PDIP-8 packages.
Applications
Chargers
Adapters
Set Top Boxes
Auxiliary Supplies
DVD
LED Driver
Features
Primary Side Control for Eliminating Opto-coupler and Secondary
CV/CC Control Circuitry
Built-in NPN Transistor with 700V
CBO
Low Start-up Current: 0.2A (Typ.)
Internal Output Cable Voltage Drop Compensation
Random Frequency Modulation for Low EMI
Short Circuit Protection
Low Total Cost Solution
Output Power Range (Note 1):
AP3968 for 5W Adapter
AP3969 for 7.5W Adapter
AP3970 for 12W Adapter
Totally Lead-free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Note 2 & 3)
Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 4)
1
2
3
4
7
6
5
CPC
FB
VCC
CS
C
C
GND
PRIMARY SIDE POWER SWITCHER FOR OFF-LINE SMPS
Notes: 1. Typical continuous power in a non-ventilated enclosed adapter measured at +50°C ambient.
2. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant.
3. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen - and Antimony-free, "Green"
and Lead-free.
4. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and
<1000ppm antimony compounds.
Pin Assignments
SO-7 (M Package) PDIP-7 (P7 Package) PDIP-8 (P Package)
For AP3968 For AP3969/70 For AP3970
(Top View)
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Document number: DS36759 Rev. 2 - 2
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+
J1
AC 90-264V
D1 to D4
C2
R1
+
C1
D6
L1
T1
FB
C
VCC
CS
+
C3
U1
CPC
C8
R5
C11
Np
Ns
Nfb
D5
C5
R6
Vo+
Vo-
C10
GND
L2
D12
+
C12
R11
R12
C13
+
R10
R3
R8
R9
R7
Item
Function
QTY
Item
Function
QTY
C1
10.0F/400V, electrolytic
1
U1
AP3969
1
C2
4.7F/400V, electrolytic
1
R1
11, 2W
1
C3
3.3F/50V, electrolytic
1
R3
3.3M/0.25W
1
C5
1nF/1kV, ceramic
1
R5
3.9, 0805
1
C8
0.01F, 0805
1
R6
150k, 1206
1
C10
1nF/250Vac, Y1 capacitor
1
R7
1, 1206
1
C11
1nF, 0805
1
R8
20k, 0805
1
C12, C13
470F/16V
2
R9
13k, 0805
1
D1 to D6
1N4007, rectifier diode
6
R10
360, 0805
1
D12
MBR3100
1
R11
27, 0805
1
L1
470H, inductor
1
R12
1.2k, 0805
1
L2
Bead, 0805
1
T1
EE16 core, PC40, transformer
1
Typical Applications Circuit
Typical Application of AP3969 (9V/800mA)
Page 3
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Pin Number
Pin Name
Function
SO-7/PDIP-7
PDIP-8
1
1
CPC
This pin connects a capacitor to GND for output cable compensation
2
2
FB
The voltage feedback from auxiliary winding
3
3
VCC
This pin receives rectified voltage from the auxiliary winding of the transformer
4
4
CS
Current sense for primary side of transformer
5, 6
5, 6
C
This pin is connected with an internal power BJT’s collector
–
7
NC
Not connected
7
8
GND
This pin is the signal reference ground
Regulator
&
Bias
OVP
&
OCkP
0.1V
V
FB
pfm
Tons
UVLO
COMP
EA
UVLO
CV_ctrl
pfm
Driver
R
Q
S
R
Q
S
Tons
CC_ctrl
FB
CS
CPC
VCC C
GND
Cable Drop
Compensation
Constant
Voltage
Peak
Current
Control&
LEB
Constant
Current Control
Tonsec
Detector
Line Voltage
Compensation
Audible
Noise
Suppression
Buffer
1 (1)
2 (2)
3 (3)
4 (4)
5,6 (5,6)
7 (8)
Pin Descriptions
Functional Block Diagram
A(B)
A for SO-7/PDIP-7
B for PDIP-8
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Symbol
Parameter
Rating
Unit
VCC
Supply Voltage
-0.3 to 22
V
VFB
FB Input Voltage
-1 to 10
V
V
CBO
Collector-emitter Voltage
700
V
–
Collector DC Current
AP3968/69
1.5
A
AP3970
4
TJ
Operating Junction Temperature
+150
°C
T
STG
Storage Temperature
-65 to +150
°C
T
LEAD
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)
+300
°C
–
ESD (Machine Model)
200
V
–
ESD (Human Body Model)
2000
V
PD
Total Power Dissipation
AP3968
0.7
W
AP3969
0.9
AP3970
1.1
Symbol
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
VCC
Supply Voltage
–
22
V
TOP
Operating Temperature Range
-40
+85
°C
f
(MAX)
Maximum Operating Frequency
–
60
kHz
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Unit
θ
JA
Junction to Ambient
AP3968
100
°C/W
AP3969
80
AP3970
65
θ
JC
Junction to Case
AP3968
50
AP3969
40
AP3970
35
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 5)
Note 5: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied.
Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Recommended Operating Conditions
Thermal Impedance
Page 5
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Symbol
Parameters
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
UVLO SECTION
VON
Turn-on Voltage
–
13
15
17
V
V
OFF
Turn-off Voltage
No drive Current
4.5
5.3
6.3
V
STANDBY CURRENT SECTION
IST
Start-up Current
VCC=VON-0.5V
–
0.2
0.6
μA
ICC
Operating Current
–
320
435
550
FEEDBACK INPUT SECTION
VFB
FB Threshold Voltage
–
4.23
4.3
4.37
V
IFB
FB Pin Input Current
VFB=4V
1.5
3.5
5.5
μA
POWER TRANSISTOR SECTION
V
CE(SAT)
Collector-emitter Saturation Voltage
AP3968/69: IC=0.5A
AP3970: IC=1A
– – 0.3
V
hFE
DC Current Gain
AP3968/69
14
17 – –
AP3970
17
26 – –
I
CEO
Leakage Current
–
– – 60
nA
OVER TEMPERATURE PROTECTION
T
SHDN
Shutdown Temperature
–
+125
+160 – °C
–
Temperature Hysteresis
–
–
+40 – °C
Electrical Characteristics (@V
=15V, TJ=+25°C, unless otherwise specified.)
CC
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-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
13.0
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
16.5
17.0
Turn-on Voltage (V)
Ambient Temperature (oC)
125
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
Turn-off Voltage (V)
Ambient Temperature (oC)
125
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
Operating Current (
A)
Ambient Temperature (oC)
125
Performance Characteristics
Turn-on Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Turn-off Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature
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+
C1
+
C
O
V
O
D1
R
FB1
R
FB2
R
CS
C
FB
CS
GND
AP3968/69/70
Ns
N
AUX
Np
Iout
Vs
V
AUX
v
IN
L
M
CPC
C
CPC
Q1
M
L
)t(vg
dt
)t(dip
Ip
0A
See equation 2
Rcs
Vcs
Ipk
2
M
IpkL
2
1
Eg
SW
2
M
fIpkL
2
1
P
Operation Description
Figure 1. Simplified Flyback Converter Controlled by AP3968/69/70
Figure 1 illustrates a simplified flyback converter controlled by AP3968/69/70.
Constant Primary Peak Current
The primary current Ip(t) is sensed by a current sense resistor RCS as shown in Figure 1.
The current rises up linearly at a rate of:
…………(1)
Figure 2. Primary Current Waveform
As illustrated in Figure 2, when the current Ip(t) rises up to Ipk, the switch Q1 turns off. The constant peak current is given by:
…………(2)
The energy stored in the magnetizing inductance LM each cycle is therefore:
…………(3)
So the power transferring from input to output is given by:
…………(4)
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d
S
AUX
AUX
VVo
N
N
V
See equation 5
V
AUX
0V
Portion of Tons
Tons
Is
0A
See equation 8
Tons
Toffs
Iout
3
4
Toffs
Tons
ToffsTons
Tons
Ipks
2
1
Iout
Operation Description (Cont.)
Where fSW is the switching frequency. When the peak current Ipk is constant, the output power depends on the switching frequency fSW.
Constant Voltage Operation
The AP3968/69/70 captures the auxiliary winding feedback voltage at FB pin and operates in constant-voltage (CV) mode to regulate the output
voltage. Assuming the secondary winding is master, the auxiliary winding is slave during the D1 on-time. The auxiliary voltage is given by:
…………(5)
Where Vd is the diode forward drop voltage, N
is the turns of auxiliary winding, and NS is the turns of secondary winding.
AUX
Figure 3. Auxiliary Voltage Waveform
The output voltage is different from the secondary voltage in a diode forward drop voltage Vd which depends on the current. If the secondary
voltage is always detected at a constant secondary current, the difference between the output voltage and the secondary voltage will be a fixed Vd.
The voltage detection point is portion of Tons after D1 is turned on. The CV loop control function of AP3968/69/70 then generates a D1 off-time to
regulate the output voltage.
Constant Current Operation
The AP3968/69/70 is designed to work in constant current (CC) mode. Figure 4 shows the secondary current waveforms.
Figure 4. Secondary Current Waveform
In CC operation, the CC loop control function of AP3968/69/70 will keep a fixed proportion between D1 on-time Tons and D1 off-time Toffs by
discharging or charging the built-in capacitance connected. This fixed proportion is
………… (6)
The relation between the output constant-current and secondary peak current Ipks is given by:
…………(7)
Page 9
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Ipk
N
N
Ipks
S
P
Ipk
N
N
7
2
Iout
S
P
AP39XX XX XX - XX
Packing
Package
TR : Tape & Reel
M : SO-7
G1 : Green
Product Name
RoHS/Green
Product Version
68 : AP3968
69 : AP3969
70 : AP3970
P7 : PDIP-7
Blank : Tube
P: PDIP-8
Package
Temperature Range
Part Number
Marking ID
Packing
SO-7
-40°C to +85°C
AP3968MTR-G1
AP3968M-G1
4000/Tape & Reel
PDIP-7
AP3969P7-G1
AP3969P7-G1
50/Tube
AP3970P7-G1
AP3970P7-G1
50/Tube
PDIP-8
AP3970P-G1
AP3970P-G1
50/Tube
Operation Description (Cont.)
At the instant of D1 turn-on, the primary current transfers to the secondary at an amplitude of:
…………(8)
Thus the output constant current is given by:
…………(9)
Leading Edge Blanking (LEB)
When the power switch is turned on, a turn-on spike on the output pulse rising edge will occur on the sense-resistor. To avoid false termination of
the switching pulse, a typical 500ns leading edge blanking is built in. During this blanking period, the current sense comparator is disabled and the
gate driver cannot be switched off.
The built-in LEB in AP3968/69/70 has shorter delay time from current sense terminal to output pulse than those IC solutions adopting external RC
filter as LEB.
Built-in Cable Compensation
The AP3968/69/70 has built-in fixed voltage of 0.35V typical to compensate the drop of output cable when the load is changed from zero to full
load. A typical 0.01F external capacitor connected to the CPC pin is used to smooth voltage signal for cable compensation.
Over Temperature Protection
The AP3968/69/70 has internal thermal sensing circuit to shut down the PFM driver output when the die temperature reaches +160ºC typical.
When the die temperature drops about 40ºC , the IC will recover automatically to normal operation.
Ordering Information
Diodes IC’s Pb-free products with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant and green.
Page 10
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Document number: DS36759 Rev. 2 - 2
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First and Second Lines: Logo and Marking ID
Third Line: Date Code
Y: Year
WW: Work Week of Molding
A: Assembly House Code
XX: 7th and 8th Digits of Batch No.
First Line: Logo and Marking ID
Second Line: Date Code
Y: Year
WW: Work Week of Molding
A: Assembly House Code
XX: 7th and 8th Digits of Batch No.
Marking Information
Page 11
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3.800(0.150)
4.000(0.157)
1.270(0.050)
TYP
4.700(0.185)
5.100(0.201)
0.330(0.013)
0.510(0.020)
0.190(0.007)
0.250(0.010)
0.100(0.004)
0.250(0.010)
1.350(0.053)
1.750(0.069)
0.450(0.017)
0.800(0.031)
8
°
0
°
5.800(0.228)
6.200(0.244)
2.54(0.100)
TYP
1.250(0.049)
1.500(0.059)
Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional.
Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm(inch).)
(1) Package Type: SO-7
Page 12
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Document number: DS36759 Rev. 2 - 2
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8.400(0.331)
9.000(0.354)
0.204(0.008)
0.360(0.014)
7.320(0.288)
9.000(0.354)
9.400(0.370)
3.
710
(0.146)
4.310(0.170)
3.000(0.118)
3.600(0.142)
2.540(0.100)BSC
6.200(0.244)
6.600(0.260)
3.200(0.126)
3.600(0.142)
0.510(0.020)MIN
1
.524(0.060)
BSC
Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional.
0.380(0.015)
0.570(0.022)
7.920(0.312)
Package Outline Dimensions (Cont.) (All dimensions in mm (inch).)
(2) Package Type: PDIP-7
Page 13
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Document number: DS36759 Rev. 2 - 2
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4
°
6
°
R0.750(0.030)
0.254(0.010)TYP
0.130(0.005)MIN
8.200(0.323)
9.400(0.370)
0.204(0.008)
0.360(0.014)
7.620(0.300)TYP
4
°
6
°
5°
0.700(0.028)
9.000(0.354)
9.600(0.378)
3.710(0.146)
4.310(0.170)
3.000(0.118)
3.600(0.142)
0.360(0.014)
0.560(0.022)
2.540(0.100) TYP
6.200(0.244)
6.600(0.260)
3.200(0.126)
3.600(0.142)
0.510(0.020)MIN
Φ3.000(0.118)
Depth
0.100(0.004)
0.200(0.008)
1.524(0.060) TYP
Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional.
Package Outline Dimensions (Cont.) (All dimensions in mm (inch).)
(3) Package Type: PDIP-8
Page 14
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Z
G
E1
E
X
Y
Dimensions
Z
(mm)/(inch)
G
(mm)/(inch)
X
(mm)/(inch)
Y
(mm)/(inch)
E
(mm)/(inch)
E1
(mm)/(inch)
Value
6.900/0.272
3.900/0.154
0.650/0.026
1.500/0.059
1.270/0.050
2.540/0.100
Suggested Pad Layout
(1) Package Type: SO-7
Page 15
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DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
(AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION).
Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes
without further notice to this document and any product described herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the
application or use of this document or any product described herein; neither does Diodes Incorporated convey any license under its patent or
trademark rights, nor the rights of others. Any Customer or user of this document or products described herein in such applications shall assume
all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on Diodes Incorporated
website, harmless against all damages.
Diodes Incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthorized sales channel.
Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and
hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or
indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application.
Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings
noted herein may also be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign trademarks.
This document is written in English but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. Only the English version of this document is the
final and determinative format released by Diodes Incorporated.
Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express
written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein:
A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which:
1. are intended to implant into the body, or
2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the
labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user.
B. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the
failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support devices or systems, and
acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any
use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related
information or support that may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further, Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its
representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems.
Copyright © 2013, Diodes Incorporated
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IMPORTANT NOTICE
LIFE SUPPORT
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