IMPORTANT
Read and understand this manual before assembling, starting, or servicing
heater. Improper use of heater can cause serious injury. Keep this manual
for future reference.
Warranty and Repair Service ........................................................ Back Cover
SAFETY
INFORMATION
2
WARNINGS
IMPORTANT: Read this Owner’s Manual carefully and completely
before trying to assemble, operate, or service this heater. Improper
use of this heater can cause serious injury or death from burns, fire,
explosion, electrical shock, and carbon monoxide poisoning.
DANGER
Carbon monoxide poisoning may lead to death!
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Early signs of carbon monoxide poisoning
resemble the flu, with headaches, dizziness, and/or nausea. If you have these
signs, the heater may not be working properly. Get fresh air at once! Have
heater serviced. Some people are more affected by carbon monoxide than others.
These include pregnant women, persons with heart or lung disease or anemia,
those under the influence of alcohol, and those at high altitudes.
Make certain you read and understand all Warnings. Keep this manual for
reference. It is your guide to safe and proper operation of this heater.
102424
Page 3
SAFETY
INFORMATION
Continued
WARNINGS
• Use only kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil to avoid risk of fire or explosion. Never use
gasoline, naphtha, paint thinners, alcohol, or other highly flammable fuels.
• Fueling
a) Personnel involved with fueling shall be qualified and thoroughly familiar with
the manufacturer's instructions and applicable federal, state, and local regula-
tions regarding the safe fueling of heating units.
b) Only the type of fuel specified on the heater's data plate shall be used.
c) All flame, including the pilot light, if any, shall be extinguished and the heater
allowed to cool, prior to fueling.
d) During fueling, all fuel lines and fuel-line connections shall be inspected for leaks.
Any leaks shall be repaired prior to returning the heater to service.
e) At no time shall more than one day's supply of heater fuel be stored inside a
building in the vicinity of the heater . Bulk fuel stor age shall be outside the struc-
ture.
f) All fuel storage shall be located a minimum of 762 cm (25 feet) from heaters,
torches, welding equipment, and similar sources of ignition (exception: the fuel
reservoir integral with the heater unit).
g) Whenever possible, fuel storage shall be confined to areas where floor penetra-
tions do not permit fuel to drip onto or be ignited by a fire at lower elevation.
h) Fuel storage shall be in accordance with the federal, state, or local authority ha v-
ing jurisdiction.
• Never use heater where gasoline, paint thinner, or other highly flammable vapors are
present.
• Follow all local ordinances and codes when using heater.
• Heaters used in the vicinity of tarpaulins, canvas, or similar enclosure materials
shall be located a safe distance from such materials. The recommended minimum safe distance is 305 cm (10 feet). It is further recommended that these enclosure materials be of a fire retardant nature. These enclosure materials shall be
securely fastened to prevent them from igniting or from upsetting the heater due
to wind action.
• Use only in well-vented areas. Before using heater, provide at least a 2800 square cm
(three-square-foot) opening of fresh, outside air for each 100,000 Btu/Hr of rating.
• Use only in places free of flammable vapors or high dust content.
• Use only the electrical voltage and frequency specified on model plate.
• Use only a three-prong, grounded extension cord.
• Minimum heater clearances from combustibles:
Outlet: 250 cm (8 Ft.)Sides, top, and rear: 125 cm (4 Ft.)
• Locate heater on a stable and level surface if heater is hot or running or a fire may
occur.
• When moving or storing heater, keep heater in a level position or fuel spillage may
occur.
• Keep children and animals away from heater.
• Unplug heater when not in use.
• When used with thermostat, heater may start anytime.
• Never use heater in living or sleeping areas.
• Never block air inlet (rear) or air outlet (front) of heater.
• Never move, handle, refuel, or service a hot, operating, or plugged-in heater.
• Never attach duct work to front or rear of heater.
(Continued)
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3
Page 4
PRODUCT
IDENTIFICATION
Hot Air
Outlet
Lower
Shell
Upper Shell
Fuel Cap
Fan Guard
Fuel Tank
Side Cover
Hot Air
Outlet
Lower
Shell
Fuel Cap
Flame-Out
Control Reset
Button
Figure 1 - 100,000 Btu/Hr Model
Upper Shell
Power Cord
Fan Guard
Fuel Tank
Side Cover
Power Cord
Flame-Out
Control Reset
Button
Figure 2 - 150,000 Btu/Hr Model
4
102424
Page 5
UNPACKING
1. Remove all packing items applied to heater for shipment.
2. Remove all items from carton.
3. Check items for shipping damage. If heater is damaged, promptly inform dealer
where you bought heater.
ASSEMBLY
These models are furnished with wheels and a front handle. Some models are
furnished with a rear handle also. Wheels, handle(s), and the mounting hardware
are found in the shipping carton.
Tools Needed
• Medium Phillips Screwdriver
• 3/8" Open or Adjustable Wrench
• Hammer
1. Slide axle through wheel support frame. Install wheels on axle.
IMPORTANT:
wheel support frame (see Figure 3).
2. Place cap nuts on axle ends. Gently tap with hammer to secure.
3. Place heater on wheel support frame. Make sure air inlet end (rear) of heater is
over wheels. Line up holes on fuel tank flange with holes on wheel support
frame.
4. Place front handle and rear handle on top of fuel tank flange. Insert screws
through handles, fuel tank flange, and wheel support frame. Attach nut finger
tight after each screw is inserted.
5. After all screws are inserted, tighten nuts firmly.
When installing wheels, point extended hub of wheels toward
Front Handle
Hot Air
Outlet
Fuel
Tank
Flange
Wheel
Support
Frame
Wheel
Cap Nut
Screw
Nut
Extended
Axle
Figure 3 - Wheel and Handle Assembly
Hub
Rear Handle
Air Inlet
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5
Page 6
THEORY OF
!
OPERATION
The Fuel System: The air pump forces air through the air line. The air is then
pushed through the burner head nozzle. This air causes fuel to lift from the tank.
A fine mist of fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber.
The Air System: The motor turns the fan. The fan pushes air into and around
the combustion chamber. This air is heated and provides a stream of clean, hot air.
The Ignition System: The electronic ignitor sends voltage to the spark plug.
The spark plug ignites the fuel and air mixture.
The Flame-Out Control System: This system causes the heater to shut down
if the flame goes out.
Clean
Heated
Air Out
Fuel
Tank
Combustion
Chamber
Nozzle
Air For Fuel
System
Figure 4 - Cross Section Operational View
THEORY CUTAWAY
Spark
Plug
Fuel
Filter
Motor
Burner
Head
Air Line
To Burner
Air For Combustion
And Heating
PFA/OV 003
Fan
Air Pump
Air
Intake
Filter
Cool
Air
In
Air
Output
Filter
Electronic
Ignitor
Fuel
FUELS
WARNING
Use only kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil to avoid risk of fire or
explosion. Never use gasoline, naphtha, paint thinners,
alcohol, or other highly flammable fuels.
Do not use heavy fuels such as No. 2 fuel oil or No. 2 Diesel. Using heavy fuels
will result in:
• clogged fuel filter and nozzle
• carbon build up on spark plug
• the need of non-toxic anti-icer in fuel during very cold weather
IMPORTANT:
container is clean. Foreign matter such as rust, dirt, or water will cause the flameout control to shut down heater. Foreign matter may also require you to clean fuel
system often.
6
Use a KEROSENE ONLY storage container. Be sure storage
102424
Page 7
VENTILATION
!
WARNING
Follow the minimum fresh, outside air ventilation
requirements. If proper fresh, outside air ventilation is not
provided, carbon monoxide poisoning can occur. Provide
proper fresh, outside air ventilation before running heater.
Provide a fresh air opening of at least 2800 square cm (three square feet) for each
100,000 Btu/Hr rating. Provide extra fresh air if more heaters are being used.
OPERATION
Example:
A 150,000 Btu/Hr heater requires one of the following:
• a two-car garage door raised 15.24 cm (six inches)
• a single-car garage door raised 22.86 cm (nine inches)
• two, 76.20 cm (thirty-inch) windows raised 30.48 cm (twelve inches)
!
WARNING
Review and understand the warnings in the Safety Information Section, pages 2 and 3. They are needed to safely
operate this heater. Follow all local codes when using this
heater.
To Start Heater
1. Follow all ventilation and safety information.
2. Fill fuel tank with kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil.
3. Attach fuel cap.
4. Plug power cord of heater into standard 120 volt/60 hertz, grounded (earthed)
outlet. Use an extension cord if needed. Use only a three-prong, grounded
(earthed) extension cord.
Extension Cord Wire Size Requirements
Up to 30.5 meters (100 feet) long, use 1.0 mm2 (16 AWG) conductor
30.6 to 61 meters (101 to 200 feet) long, use 1.5 mm2 (14 AWG) conductor
Heater will start when power cord is plugged into outlet. If not, push in flame-
out control reset button (see Figure 5).
102424
Flame-Out Control
Reset Button
Figure 5 - Flame-Out Control Reset Button
Continued
7
Page 8
OPERATION
Continued
STORING,
TRANSPORTING
,
OR SHIPPING
To Stop Heater
1. Unplug extension cord from outlet.
To Restart Heater
1. Wait two minutes after stopping heater.
2. Repeat steps under To Start Heater, page 7.
Note:
If shipping, transport companies require fuel tanks to be empty.
1. Drain fuel tank.
Note:
Some models have drain plug on underside of fuel tank. If so, remove
drain plug to drain all fuel. If heater does not have drain plug, drain fuel
through fuel cap opening. Be sure all fuel is removed.
2. Replace drain plug if provided.
3. If any debris is noted in old fuel, add 1 or 2 quarts of clean kerosene to tank,
stir, and drain again. This will prevent excess debris from clogging filters
during future use.
4. Replace fuel cap or drain plug. Properly dispose of old and dirty fuel. Check
with local automotive service stations that recycle oil.
5. If storing, store heater in dry place. Make sure storage place is free of dust and
corrosive fumes.
PREVENTATIVE
MAINTENANCE
SCHEDULE
IMPORTANT:
heating season. Using old fuel could damage heater.
Never service heater while it is plugged in, operating, or
hot. Severe burns and electrical shock can occur.
ItemHow OftenHow To
Fuel tankFlush every 150-200 hoursSee Storing, Transporting, or
Air output andReplace every 500 hours ofSee Air Output, Air Intake,
lint filters operation or once a year.and Lint Filters, page 10.
Air intakeWash and dry with soap andSee Air Output, Air Intake,filter water every 500 hours of op-and Lint Filters, page 10.
Fuel filterClean twice a heating seasonSee Fuel Filter, page 11.
Do not store kerosene over summer months for use during next
!
WARNING
of operation or as needed.Shipping, above.
eration or replace as needed.
or replace as needed.
Spark plugClean and regap every 600See Spark Plug, page 12.
hours operation or replace
as needed.
Fan bladesClean each season or as needed. See Fan, page 10.
MotorNot required/permanently lubricated
8
102424
Page 9
TROUBLE-
SHOOTING
!
WARNING
Never service heater while it is plugged in, operating, or
hot. Severe burns and electrical shock can occur.
OBSERVED FAULTPOSSIBLE CAUSEREMEDY
Heater ignites, but
flame-out control
shuts off heater after
a short period of
time.
Wrong pump pressure
Dirty air output, air intake
and lint filters
Dirty fuel filter
See Pump Pressure Adjustment, page 11.
See Air Output, Air Intake and Lint Filters, page 10.
See Fuel Filter, page 11.
Heater will not
ignite, but motor runs
for a short period of
time.
Dirt in nozzle
Dirty photocell lens
Bad flame-out control
Wrong pump pressure
Carbon deposits on spark
plug and/or improper gap
Dirty fuel filter
Dirt in nozzle
Water in fuel tank
!
WARNING: High voltage!
Electronic ignitor not
grounded
Bad electronic ignitor
See Nozzle, page 12.
Clean photocell lens.
Replace flame-out control.
See Pump Pressure Adjustment, page 11.
See Spark Plug, page 12.
See Fuel Filter, page 11.
See Nozzle, page 12.
Drain and flush fuel
tank with clean kerosene.
See Storing, Transporting,
or Shipping, page 8.
Make sure electronic ig nitor mounting is tight.
Replace electronic ignitor.
102424
Motor does not start
when heater is plugged
in, fan rotates slowly
or does not turn.
Flame-out control not reset
Solid state relay not
allowed to reset
Binding pump rotor
Press flame-out control
reset button.
Wait two minutes
before trying to restart
heater.
If fan is hard to turn, see
Pump Rotor, page 13.
9
Page 10
SERVICE
PROCEDURES
!
WARNING
Never service heater while it is plugged in, operating, or
hot. Severe burns and electrical shock can occur.
Upper Shell Removal
1. Remove screws along each side of
heater using 5/16" nut-driver. These
screws attach upper and lower shells
together.
2. Lift upper shell off.
3. Remove fan guard.
Fan
IMPORTANT:
shaft before removing motor from
heater. The weight of the motor resting
on the fan could damage the fan pitch.
1. Remove upper shell (see above).
2. Use 1/8" allen wrench to loosen setscrew which holds fan to motor
shaft.
3. Slip fan off motor shaft.
4. Clean fan using soft cloth moistened
with kerosene or solvent.
5. Dry fan thoroughly.
6. Replace fan on motor shaft. Place
fan hub flush with end of motor shaft
(see Figure 7).
7. Place setscrew on flat of shaft.
Tighten setscrew firmly (4.5-5.6
n-m/40-50 inch-pounds).
8. Replace fan guard and upper shell.
Remove fan from motor
Upper
Shell
Fan
Guard
Figure 6 - Upper Shell Removal
Fan
Motor
Flush
Motor
Shaft
Setscrew
Air Output, Air Intake, and
Lint Filters
1. Remove upper shell (see above).
2. Remove filter end cover screws
using 5/16" nut-driver.
3. Remove filter end cover.
4. Replace air output and lint filters.
5. Wash or replace air intake filter (see
Preventative Maintenance Schedule,
page 8).
6. Replace filter end cover.
7. Replace fan guard and upper shell.
IMPORTANT:
Do not oil filters.
10
Figure 7 - Fan Cross Section
Air Intake Filter
Filter End Cover
Fan Guard
Lint Filter
Air Output Filter
Figure 8 - Air Output, Air Intake, and Lint Filters
102424
Page 11
Pump Pressure
Adjustment
1. Remove pressure gauge plug from
filter end cover.
2. Install accessory pressure gauge
(part number HA1180).
3. Start heater (see Operation, page
7). Allow motor to reach full speed.
4. Adjust pressure. Turn relief valve
to right to increase pressure. Turn
relief valve to left to decrease
pressure. See specifications at right
for correct pressure for each model.
5. Remove pressure gauge. Replace
pressure gauge plug in filter end
cover.
Relief
Valve
Pressure
Gauge
Plug
Figure 9 - Pressure Gauge Plug Removal
Pump
ModelPressure
100,000 Btu/Hr4.5 PSI
150,000 Btu/Hr5.0 PSI
Pressure
Gauge
Figure 10 - Adjusting Pump Pressure
Fuel Filter
1. Remove side cover screws using
5/16" nut-driver.
2. Remove side cover.
3. Pull upper fuel line off fuel filter
neck.
4. Carefully pry bushing, fuel filter,
and lower fuel line out of fuel tank.
5. Wash fuel filter with clean fuel and
replace in tank.
6. Attach upper fuel line to fuel filter
neck.
7. Replace side cover.
Fuel Filter, Bushing,
and Lower Fuel Line
Upper Fuel Line
Side Cover
Figure 11 - Fuel Filter Removal
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11
Page 12
Spark Plug
1. Remove upper shell (see page 10).
2. Remove fan (see page 10).
3. Remove spark plug wire from spark
plug.
4. Remove spark plug from burner head
using 13/16" open-end wrench.
5. Clean and regap spark plug electrodes to .075" gap.
6. Install spark plug in burner head.
7. Attach spark plug wire to spark plug.
8. Replace fan (see page 10).
9. Replace fan guard and upper shell.
Burner Head
Spark Plug Wire
Spark
Plug
Figure 12 - Spark Plug Removal
Bend Here
to Adjust
Gap
Gap
Figure 13 - Spark Plug Gap
Nozzle
1. Remove upper shell (see page 10).
2. Remove fan (see page 10).
3. Remove fuel and air line hoses from
burner head.
4. Remove spark plug wire from spark
plug.
5. Remove spark plug from burner
head using 13/16" open-end wrench.
6. Remove three screws using
5/16" nut-driver and remove burner
head from combustion chamber.
7. Place burner head into vise and
lightly tighten.
8. Carefully remove nozzle from
burner head using 5/8" socket
wrench (see Figure 14).
9. Blow compressed air through face
of nozzle. This will free any dirt in
nozzle area.
10.Inspect nozzle seal for damage.
11.Replace nozzle into burner head and
tighten firmly (9.1-12.4 n-m /80-110
inch-pounds).
12.Attach burner head to combustion
chamber.
13.Install spark plug in burner head.
14.Attach spark plug wire to spark
plug.
15.Attach fuel and airline hoses to
burner head.
16.Replace fan (see page 10).
17.Replace fan guard and upper shell.
Combustion
Chamber
Screw
Air Line Hose
Nozzle
Face
Nozzle
Burner Head
Spark
Plug
Fuel Line Hose
Figure 14 - Removing Burner Head
Nozzle Seal
Burner
Head
Air Line
Fitting
Spark Plug Wire
Fuel Line
Fitting
12
Figure 15- Removing Nozzle
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Page 13
Pump Rotor
(Procedure if rotor is binding)
1. Remove upper shell (see page 10).
2. Remove filter end cover screws
using 5/16" nut-driver.
3. Remove filter end cover and air
filters.
4. Remove pump plate screws using
5/16" nut-driver.
5. Remove pump plate.
6. Remove rotor, insert, and blades.
7. Check for debris in pump. If debris
is found, blow out with compressed air.
8. Install insert and rotor.
9. Check gap on rotor. Adjust to
.076/.101 mm (.003"/.004") if
needed (see Figure 17).
Note:
Rotate rotor one full turn to
insure the gap is .076/.101 mm
(.003"/.004") at tightest position.
Adjust if needed.
10.Install blades, pump plate, air filters,
and filter end cover.
11.Replace fan guard and upper shell.
12.Adjust pump pressure (see page 11).
Note:
If rotor is still binding, proceed as
follows.
Blade
Insert
Rotor
100 ROTOR-DomesticPFA/P 059A
Blade
Air Output Filter
Figure 16 - Rotor Location
Gap Adjusting Screw
Pump Plate
Air Intake Filter
Filter End Cover
Fan Guard
.003"/.004" Gap
Measured With
Feeler Gauge
Rotor
13.Perform steps 1 through 6 above.
14.Place fine grade sandpaper (600 grit)
on flat surface. Sand rotor lightly in
“figure 8” motion four times (see
Figure 18).
15.Reinstall insert and rotor.
16.Perform steps 10 through 12 above.
Gap Adjusting Screw
Figure 17 - Gap Adjusting Screw Locations
Sandpaper
Figure 18 - Sanding Rotor
102424
13
Page 14
SPECIFICATIONS
Output Rating (Btu/Hr.)100,000150,000
FuelUse Only Kerosene or No. 1 Fuel Oil
Fuel Tank Capacity (Liters/U.S. Gal.)34/9.051/13.5
Fuel Consumption (Liters/Gal. Per Hr.)2.8/.764.1/1.1
Electric Requirements120 V/60 Hz (Same All Models)
Amperage
Hot Air Output (CMM/CFM)13.6/48014.2/500
Motor RPM34503450
Motor HP1/41/4
Approximate Shipping Weight (KG/Pounds)27/6031/68
Approximate Heater Weight without Fuel
(KG/Pounds)23/5126/57
(Normal Run)
4.04.4
WIRING
DIAGRAM
REPLACEMENT
P ARTS AND
Motor
Black
Green/
Yellow
120V/60Hz
Blue
White
White
Ignitor
AIR GAUGE KIT - HA1180
Special tool to check pump pressure.
Green/
Yellow
Spark Plug
Red
Red
Relay
Terminal
Board
Red
White
Brown
Green/Yellow
Blue
Red
Photocell
White
Blue
B
Flame-
Out
Control
R
Reset
Button
ACCESSORY
Purchase accessories and parts
from your local dealer.
Model BY100ECA, 100,000 Btu/Hr and Model BY150ECA, 150,000 Btu/Hr
15
Page 16
ILLUSTRATED
2
PARTS
BREAKDOWN
100,000 Btu/Hr
Model BY100ECA
7-1
7-2
7-3
7-4
7-5
7-8
1
3
4
24
28
30
6
7
13
19
39
8
14
11
25
43
29
38
5
23
20
22
21
31
9
10
16
12
15
17
26
26
27
18
37
7-6
Burner Head Assembly
10-1
10-18
10-17
10-16
16
Motor and Pump Assembly
10-2
10-15
10-3
10-14
10-4
10-5
10-13
35
10-6
44
36
10-7
10-8
10-9
10-12
40
32
42
33
34
41
10-10
10-11
102424
Page 17
PARTS LIST
100,000 Btu/Hr
Model BY100ECA
This list contains replaceable parts used in your heater. When ordering parts,
be sure to provide the correct model and serial numbers (from the model plate),
then the part number and description of the desired part.
This list contains replaceable parts used in your heater. When ordering parts, be
sure to provide the correct model and serial numbers (from the model plate), then
the part number and description of the desired part.
DESA International warrants new Products sold by it to be
free from defects in material or workmanship for a period of 360
days after date of delivery to the first user and subject to the
following conditions:
DESA International’s obligation and liability under this Warranty is expressly limited to repairing or replacing at DESA
International’s option, any parts which appear to DESA International upon inspection to have been defective in material or
workmanship when shipped from the factory. Such parts shall be
provided at no cost to the user, at the business establishment of
any factory authorized service center or the factory during regular
working hours. The Warranty shall not apply to component parts
or accessories of Products not manufactured by DESA International and which carry the warranty of the manufacturer thereof,
or to normal maintenance (such as pressure adjustments) or to
normal maintenance parts (such as filters and spark plugs).
Replacement or repair parts installed in the Product covered by
this Warranty are warranted only for the remainder of this Warranty as if such parts were original components of said Product.
DESA INTERNATIONAL MAKES NO OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTY. TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW DESA INTERNATIONAL MAKES NO IMPLIED WARRANTY AND MAKES NO
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN ANY EVENT IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMITED TO THE
DURATION OF THIS EXPRESS WARRANTY.
Any transportation charges, costs of installation, duty, taxes
or any other charges whatsoever must be borne by the user.
DESA International’s obligation under this limited Warranty shall
not include any liability for direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential damage or delay. If requested by DESA International,
Products or parts for which a warranty claim is made are to be
returned transportation prepaid by user to the factory. Any improper use, including operation after discovery of defective or
worn parts, operation beyond capacity, substitution of parts not
approved by DESA International, or any alteration or repair by
others in such manner as in DESA International’s judgement
affects the Product materially and adversely, shall void this
Warranty.
NO EMPLOYEE OR REPRESENTATIVE IS AUTHORIZED TO
CHANGE THIS WARRANTY IN ANY WAY OR GRANT ANY
OTHER WARRANTY UNLESS SUCH CHANGE IS MADE IN
WRITING AND SIGNED BY AN OFFICER OF DESA INTERNATIONAL AT ITS HOME OFFICE.
WARRANTY SERVICE
Always specify model and serial numbers when communicating
with the factory.
We reserve the right to amend these specifications at any time
without notice. The only Warranty applicable is our standard
written Warranty. We make no other Warranty, expressed or
implied.
A Service Manual is available by writing to the Technical Service
Department at: