Dell DPND-523-EN12 User Manual
Product Documentation
Peregrine Systems, Inc.
Network Discovery® 5.2.3
Setup Guide
Part No. DPND-523-EN12
Network Discovery
© Copyright 2005 Peregrine Systems, Inc.
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PEREGRINE
Contents
Chapter 1 Welcome to Network Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
About Network Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Peregrine Desktop Inventory can contribute data to Network
Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Why it’s important to prepare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Start by collecting information about your network . . . . . . . . . 13
Chapter 2 Pre-setup Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Your contact information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Describe your network’s node and subnet setup . . . . . . . . . . 15
Enter the Peregrine appliance network information . . . . . . . . . 16
Peregrine Systems Customer Support access . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
List IPv4 ranges for Network Discovery to discover . . . . . . . . . 17
List IPv4 ranges for Network Discovery to avoid . . . . . . . . . . . 18
List the community strings of your network’s devices . . . . . . . . 18
Enter TCP/IP configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
What server will you use for the Peregrine appliance? . . . . . . . . 21
| 3
| 3
Network Discovery
Send the questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Chapter 3 Prepare the network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Turn on SNMP management in all routers and core switches . . . . 24
(Optional) Turn on SNMP management in other devices. . . . . . . 24
Set DHCP lease time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
About community strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Give the Peregrine appliance IP address to all devices using directed com-
munity strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
(Optional) Adjust bridge aging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Plan the device and port to which the Peregrine appliance will
be attached . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Choose how to receive Peregrine Systems Customer Support . . . . 27
Through Internet access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Virtual Private Network over the Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
By modem and dedicated telephone line . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Through a Remote Access Server (RAS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Enable firewall ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Check Cisco devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
(Optional) Enable UDP port forwarding on routers . . . . . . . . . 31
Check Committed Information Rate values . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Chapter 4 Compatibility Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Picking the right Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Basic Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Small Appliance (up to 4,000 devices). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
4 |
Setup Guide
Medium Appliance (up to 8,000 devices) . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Large Appliance (up to 15,000 devices) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Servers that have been tested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Check the management workstation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Peregrine Product Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Chapter 5 Install and Start Network Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
About installing the hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Connect a keyboard and monitor directly to the Peregrine appliance 46
Connect the Peregrine appliance to AC power . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Set the BIOS boot sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
IBM Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Dell Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
HP Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Install Network Discovery software from the CD . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Give the Peregrine appliance its network information . . . . . . . . 56
Connect the appliance to the network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Top-of-the-network device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
IBM xSeries 335 Peregrine appliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
IBM xSeries 330 Peregrine appliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
IBM xSeries 336 Peregrine appliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Dell 1750 Peregrine appliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Dell 1650/1850/2650 Peregrine appliance. . . . . . . . . . . . 63
HP DL360/DL380 Peregrine appliance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
| 5
Network Discovery
Connect a management workstation to the network . . . . . . . . 64
Connect an Uninterruptible Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
(Optional) Connect data backup equipment and pager hardware . . 65
(Optional) Connect the Peregrine appliance to a telephone line . . . 65
(Optional) Using terminal emulation software. . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Chapter 6 Appliance Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Log in to Network Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Troubleshooting when logging in for the first time . . . . . . . 71
The Home page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
The Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
The banner or title bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
The status window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
6 |
Assign a system name, contact, and location . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Change the Peregrine appliance community strings. . . . . . . . . 77
Set the time zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Enter the domain name server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Enter the host name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
(Optional) Enter the Workgroup name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
(Optional) Enter the Administrator e-mail address. . . . . . . . . . 83
(Optional) Enter the SMTP server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Set the system time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Set the date and time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Synchronize the time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Setup Guide
Enter an NTP server to synchronize the time (continually) . . . . 87
Change the default Admin password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
About disabling warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Disabling UPS warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Disabling modem warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Disabling backup warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Chapter 7 Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
How it works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Request a new license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Install the new license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Chapter 8 Set up Network Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
How it works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Run router discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Set up the IPv4 range(s) to discover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Import your IPv4 ranges from a CSV file . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
View an IPv4 range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Export your IPv4 ranges to a CSV file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Delete an IPv4 range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Add an IPv4 range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Set up the IPv4 range(s) to avoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Add ranges for DHCP servers and unmanaged routers. . . . . . . . 102
Add community strings—the quick way . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Activate your proposed changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
| 7
Network Discovery
Check that it’s working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Are devices appearing on the Network Map? . . . . . . . . . . 105
Are there problems on the Exceptions reports? . . . . . . . . . 105
Check the Device Filters report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Check the Device Modeling Queue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Chapter 9 Refining Network Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
A precise matrix of network discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
A tree of IPv4 ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Property Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Network Property Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
The properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
How to use Network Property Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
8 |
Making changes to Network Property Groups. . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Modify a Network Property Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Create a Network Property Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Delete a Network Property Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Apply a Network Property Group to a range. . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Community Property Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
More on community strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Multiple Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
SNMP Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Directed Community Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Deleting a community string . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Setup Guide
Property sets are a shortcut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Reviewing and activating your configuration changes . . . . . . . 121
Chapter 10 Setting up Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
There are four pre-installed accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
How many people can use Network Discovery at once. . . . . . . . 124
How the types of accounts differ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Creating accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
(Optional) More Account Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Chapter 11 Backup and Restore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
About external backups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Choosing tape or an FTP site for your external backup . . . . . . . . 130
Configuring an external backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Testing your external backup and restore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
To run an internal or external backup immediately . . . . . . . . . 135
Restoring your data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Restoring from the internal backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Restoring from an FTP site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Restoring from tape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Restoring from another appliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Chapter 12 Shutting down the Peregrine Appliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
How to shut down the Peregrine appliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Appendix A Before you call... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
| 9
Network Discovery
Check that your maintenance license is current . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Check that you have the latest software components . . . . . . . . 148
Download the new component(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Install the new component(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
After you install new components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Appendix B Security Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Appendix C Extra Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Acceptable UPS units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Recommended UPS units for Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia, the Middle
East, and the South Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Recommended UPS units for North America . . . . . . . . . . 158
10 |
Tape Drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
External Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Adding a CPU or a modem later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Use the CD and reboot the Peregrine appliance . . . . . . . . . 160
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
1
CHAPTER
Welcome to Network Discovery
Thank you for using Network Discovery. This book is intended for the Network
Discovery Administrator, the person who will have the most control over the
setup and operation of Network Discovery.
This information is critical to your success with Network Discovery. Your sales
representative may have given it to you as a separate pre-purchase handout
(Preparing for Installation); or you may be seeing it for the first time as the first
four chapters of the Network Discovery Setup Guide. The information is exactly
the same. If you have seen the information before and have already done the
preparation, you can go to Chapter 5, Install and Start Network Discovery. If you
are seeing this information for the first time, let’s get started.
Important: Instructions for upgrading from Network Discovery 5.0, 5.0.1, 5.0.2,
5.1, 5.1.1, 5.1.2, or 5.2 are in the 5.2.3 Release Notes.
About Network Discovery
Network Discovery is a real-time web-based network manager. When
integrated into your network, Network Discovery will discover and monitor all
devices in your network. You will use Network Discovery to find, diagnose and
solve network problems.
Welcome to Network Discovery | 11
Network Discovery
Peregrine Desktop Inventory can contribute data to Network Discovery
Peregrine Desktop Inventory (PDI) scanners can be scheduled from Network
Discovery and scan files can be added to a shared directory on the Peregrine
appliance, so the scanned devices will appear in the Network Discovery
database, and on the Network Map.
For more information on setting up PDI to contribute data to Network
Discovery, see Using Network Discovery with Desktop Inventory and Desktop
Administration.
Why it’s important to prepare
Setting up Network Discovery is quick and easy, provided you properly prepare
your network, and use the specified equipment for the Peregrine appliance and
the management workstation.
To operate correctly, Network Discovery needs a constant supply of accurate
data. To ensure that Network Discovery knows where and how to collect that
data, you must do a little preliminary work. You only have to do this once.
The complete physical connectivity of your network can only be portrayed
accurately when:
all community strings are provided to Network Discovery
all network connectivity devices are SNMP managed
no network devices use proxy ARPing
no critical entries appear in the Network Exceptions report
If devices do not conform to the standards or fail to respond correctly and
consistently to SNMP polls, Network Discovery may not be able to create an
accurate inventory.
12 | Welcome to Network Discovery
Setup Guide
Start by collecting information about your network
The Pre-Setup Questionnaire is available in the next chapter of this manual (see
Pre-setup Questionnaire on page 15), from your sales representative, or as a
Word file from http://support.peregrine.com.
Note: If you wish, you may fill in the questionnaire and send it to Peregrine
customer support. They can review your information and provide
feedback on how you set up Network Discovery.
If you have already filled out this form and sent it in to Peregrine customer
support, collecting all the information is done. Keep the completed
questionnaire handy.
The questionnaire is designed to make the setup and use of Network Discovery
as smooth as possible. Please answer all questions. Peregrine Systems
recognizes that some information may be considered secure or private, but
providing the information will allow us to create the optimal inventory and
management environment. If you need help filling out the questionnaire, please
contact your Peregrine or OEM/VAR (Original Equipment Manufacturer or Value
Added Reseller) sales representative or contact Peregrine Systems Inc.
Current details of local Peregrine customer support offices are available through
Peregrine’s CenterPoint Web site at http://support.peregrine.com.
When you have completed the questionnaire, send it to Peregrine Systems Inc.
by e-mail, mail or by fax. To find the mailing address or fax number of the
Peregrine office in your region, contact your OEM/VAR or check
http://support.peregrine.com.
Start by collecting information about your network | 13
Network Discovery
14 | Welcome to Network Discovery
2
CHAPTER
Your contact information
Your Name
Organization
Address
Telephone
E-mail
Pre-setup Questionnaire
Fax
Describe your network’s node and subnet setup
Enter the following information to help determine the scale of your network.
Pre-setup Questionnaire | 15
Network Discovery
Note: Network Discovery defines a node as any network device with at least one
MAC address. A managed device is a network device that has an SNMP
agent and MIB so it can respond to SNMP requests.
How many nodes do you believe are active on your network?
Are there any remote sites to be managed?
If yes, approximately how many managed nodes are at remote sites?
Is your network divided into subnets?
If yes, how many subnets does your network contain?
__________
Yes ________ No________
__________
Yes ________ No________
__________
Enter the Peregrine appliance network information
Enter the information that you will assign to the Peregrine appliance at startup.
Note: You will give this IPv4 address to new users so they can log in easily.
Note: If your network uses DHCP, ensure that the IP address for the Peregrine
appliance is static.
Planned IPv4 address for
your Peregrine appliance _______________________________________________________
Subnet mask address _______________________________________________________
Default gateway IP address _______________________________________________________
16 | Pre-setup Questionnaire
Peregrine Systems Customer Support access
Information on the options you have for receiving Customer Support is in
Choose how to receive Peregrine Systems Customer Support on page 27.
If you will use a modem and a dedicated analog telephone line, enter the
number of the telephone line.
Setup Guide
Telephone number for access by
Peregrine Systems Customer Support
List IPv4 ranges for Network Discovery to discover
Network Discovery uses IPv4 ranges to discover the devices in your network. It
works best when you give it a broad idea of where the devices in your network
are—but exclude ranges where you know there are no devices.
Note: While you are making a list of devices in your networks, indicate bridges,
routers, switches, and concentrators, so that you can identify them easily.
Please add the IPv4 ranges you want Network Discovery to discover in your
network. For example, to discover an entire class C subnet with subnet mask
255.255.255.0 enter an IP range from xxx.xxx.xxx.0 to xxx.xxx.xxx.255 such as
172.17.1.0. to 172.17.1.255. If you require more space, please attach additional
sheets as needed.
Important: When you assign IPv4 ranges, be aware of the size of the ranges you
are requesting. If you request a large range of IPv4 addresses to
sweep, it can take several hours or days.
From To
IPv4 range 1
IPv4 range 2
IPv4 range 3
Peregrine Systems Customer Support access | 17
Network Discovery
From To
IPv4 range 4
IPv4 range 5
IPv4 range 6
List IPv4 ranges for Network Discovery to avoid
If there are subsets of the above IPv4 ranges that you do not want Network
Discovery to discover, enter them here.
Important: You do not need to enter ranges outside the ranges you have
specified. Network Discovery does not discover ranges unless you
specify them.
From To
IPv4 range 1
IPv4 range 2
IPv4 range 3
IPv4 range 4
List the community strings of your network’s devices
For an explanation of community strings, see About community strings on
page 25.
This is a list of non-directed community strings. Directed community strings are
covered later.
Does Network Discovery need to know the write string?
No. Network Discovery will operate without write strings. However, if you do
give Network Discovery the write strings, the owner of an Administrator
18 | Pre-setup Questionnaire
Setup Guide
account will be able to manage the device from the Network Discovery
interface.
.
Rights granted
Community string Associated device /IPv4 range Read Write
Enter TCP/IP configuration
The Peregrine appliance must have its own static IP address, but it can manage
devices with either static or dynamic IP addresses. Please enter the following
information to show how the devices on your network receive IP addresses.
Are TCP/IP addresses static or dynamic?
If dynamic, enter the following:
— The IPv4 address(es) of Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server(s)
— The DHCP IPv4 address lease time
(Peregrine Systems recommends a lease time of at
least 7 days.)
Static_________ Dynamic_________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_______________________
Enter TCP/IP configuration | 19
Network Discovery
Are TCP/IP addresses static or dynamic?
Is SNMP management enabled on the DHCP
server?
Enable SNMP management on the DHCP server so that Network Discovery can poll the DHCP
server ARP cache for the current IP and MAC address pair information of the devices on your
network.
Static_________ Dynamic_________
Yes ________ No________
Note: Please list the IP addresses of any routers you want Network Discovery to
monitor, that do not have SNMP management enabled now and will not
have management enabled in the future (for example, a router controlled
by an Internet Service Provider).
Unmanaged router number 1
Unmanaged router number 2
Unmanaged router number 3
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
20 | Pre-setup Questionnaire
Setup Guide
What server will you use for the Peregrine appliance?
Warning: Do not mirror your hard drives, and do not install RAID in your
Peregrine appliance. If you do, your appliance will not function
properly.
Please check one (for more information, see Compatibility Matrix on page 33):
Server Type Checkmark
IBM xSeries 335
Small - 2GB, 1 CPU ________
Large - 4GB, 2 CPUs ________
IBM xSeries 330
Small - 1GB, 1 CPU ________
Medium - 2GB, 2 CPUs ________
IBM xSeries 336
Large - 4GB, 2 CPUs ________
IBM xSeries 345
Small - 1GB, 1 CPU ________
Dell 1750 Servers
Small - 2GB, 1 CPU ________
Large - 4GB, 2 CPUs ________
Dell 1650 Servers
Small - 1GB, 1 CPU ________
Medium - 2GB, 2 CPUs ________
Dell 1850 Servers
Medium - 2GB, 1 CPU ________
Dell 2650 Servers
Large - 4GB, 2 CPUs ________
HP DL360
What server will you use for the Peregrine appliance? | 21
Network Discovery
Server Type Checkmark
Large - 4GB, 2 CPUs ________
HP DL380
Large - 4GB, 2 CPUs ________
Note: Any of the “Large” appliances can be turned into a “Medium” appliance by
removing 1 CPU and 2 GB of RAM.
Send the questionnaire
When you have completed the questionnaire, send it to Peregrine Systems Inc.
by e-mail, mail or by fax. To find the mailing address or fax number of the
Peregrine office in your region, contact your OEM/VAR or check
http://support.peregrine.com.
Current details of local Peregrine Systems Customer Support offices are
available through Peregrine’s CenterPoint Web site at
http://support.peregrine.com.
22 | Pre-setup Questionnaire
3
CHAPTER
Prepare the network
The following flowchart shows all the important tasks that must be completed
to prepare your network. There are other optional tasks described throughout
the chapter.
Enable SNMP management
in network devices
Set DHCP lease time
Configure directed community
strings
Adjust bridge aging
Plan where to connect the
appliance
Configure connection to
customer support
Enable firewall ports
Check other devices and CIR
values
Prepare the network | 23
Network Discovery
Turn on SNMP management in all routers and core switches
Depending on the device, this may be a case of enabling an existing SNMP
agent or setting up an SNMP agent.
You may also turn on SNMP management in other devices. The more managed
devices in your network, the better. However, enable switches and routers first.
Note: If you use HSRP (Hot Standby Routing Protocol) in your network, ensure
you turn on SNMP management in all the affected devices.
What if you don’t turn on SNMP management in your switches and routers?
Network Discovery will appear to work, but you’ll eventually notice that it is
working poorly. Once Network Discovery is up and running, the Exceptions
reports can advise you of problems. Much of the information that Network
Discovery collects comes from the SNMP MIB of devices in your network, so
it is crucial that you enable SNMP management.
How do you turn on SNMP management?
The exact procedure is different for every device. Consult the documentation
that came with your switch or router.
Note: When you turn on SNMP management in a device, you often assign a
community string. If you assign a new string later, be sure you give the
community string to the Peregrine appliance. For more information, see
About community strings on page 25.
(Optional) Turn on SNMP management in other devices
Your decision to turn on SNMP management in your remaining switches, hubs,
servers and workstations depends on the results you expect from Network
Discovery. For example, in many networks, monitoring the performance of
workstations is not important.
24 | Prepare the network
Set DHCP lease time
If you use DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) in your network, set the
IP address lease time to at least 7 days and turn on SNMP management on the
DHCP servers.
About community strings
A community string is like a password. A device uses a community string to
protect its SNMP MIB—and it’s the data from the SNMP MIB that Network
Discovery relies on. Network Discovery must know at least one of a device’s
passwords to collect data from that device. If you do not give Network Discovery
a device’s community string, Network Discovery will behave as though the
device does not have SNMP management turned on. Network Discovery will
appear to work, but you’ll eventually notice that it is working poorly. Once
Network Discovery is up and running, the Exceptions reports can advise you of
problems.
Setup Guide
Note: Community strings are case-sensitive. “Public” and “public” are two
different strings.
Directed community strings
Directed community strings give devices another layer of protection: a list of IP
addresses of approved devices. When Network Discovery tries to get
information from a device with a directed community string, the device asks not
only “What’s the password?” but also “Are you on the list?”
Give the Peregrine appliance IP address to all devices using directed community strings
When directed community strings are used, it is not enough to give Network
Discovery access to the device. You must also configure the device to recognize
the Peregrine appliance. You must put it on the list of approved devices.
Set DHCP lease time | 25
Network Discovery
What happens if a device with directed community strings is not configured
with the IP address of the Peregrine appliance?
Network Discovery will behave as though the device does not have SNMP
management turned on. Network Discovery will appear to work, but you’ll
eventually notice that it is working poorly. Once Network Discovery is up and
running, the Exceptions reports can advise you of problems.
(Optional) Adjust bridge aging
To improve the reliability and speed of Network Discovery, adjust bridge aging
on your bridges, routers, switches, and concentrators. Turn bridge aging on, and
set the bridge aging interval to 2-6 hours. Smaller networks can use shorter
intervals; larger networks will need longer intervals. Network Discovery’s
Exceptions reports can tell you which devices should have their bridge aging
adjusted.
Plan the device and port to which the Peregrine appliance will be attached
Plan to attach the Peregrine appliance:
behind your corporate firewall
to an Ethernet port on a device close to the top of your network. Network
Discovery works best if the port is SNMP managed.
Note: Attach a management workstation to the same device as the Peregrine
appliance. This will make the setup process smoother. It also ensure that
the management workstation does not become isolated from Network
Discovery in the event of device failures.
26 | Prepare the network
Setup Guide
Choose how to receive Peregrine Systems Customer Support
Options for allowing Customer Support access (in the order in which Peregrine
Systems recommends them) are as follows:
through Internet access
through a Virtual Private Network over Internet
by a modem and a dedicated analog telephone line
through a Remote Access Server (RAS)
Through Internet access
For you to have Customer Support by means of the Internet you must enable
certain ports in the corporate firewall. Peregrine Systems Customer Support
requires access for the following IP address: 209.167.240.9
(ottongw.peregrine.com).
Used for Port Note
Secure Shell (SSH) 22/tcp
HTTP 80/tcp
MIB browser 8100/tcp
Network Map 8101/tcp
Network Map proxy 8102/tcp 1,2
MIB browser proxy 8103/tcp 1
Telnet proxy 8104/tcp 1
HTTP proxy 8105/tcp 1
MySQL ODBC 8108/tcp
Choose how to receive Peregrine Systems Customer Support | 27
Network Discovery
Used for Port Note
Applet Server 8109/tcp
1. Depending on your settings for Appliance proxy services
2. If you have an Aggregator license
Virtual Private Network over the Internet
Contact Peregrine Systems Customer Support to send them the software that
will enable access. If you have a firewall, enable the firewall ports listed in the
above table.
By modem and dedicated telephone line
For customer support by way of a modem, assign a dedicated telephone line for
the Peregrine appliance. Peregrine Systems will use this line for connection to
the Peregrine appliance during its normal operation (not just during setup). An
internal modem and an analog telephone line allow you to have access to
Customer Support even when you cannot use the Internet.
Note: Keep this line available for use by the Peregrine appliance 24 hours a day,
365 days a year. Peregrine Systems cannot provide you with modem
support unless it has access to your Peregrine appliance.)
Instructions for purchasing a modem and attaching the hardware are in chapter
5, Install and Start Network Discovery on page 45.
Through a Remote Access Server (RAS)
Contact Peregrine Systems Customer Support to send them the IP address or
telephone number that will enable access. If you have a firewall, enable the
firewall ports listed in the above table.
Enable firewall ports
Enabling these firewall ports is not just to allow access to Customer Support on
the Internet; it is to enable any Network Discovery system to perform through a
corporate firewall.
28 | Prepare the network
If you have a corporate firewall that could impede Network Discovery, configure
the corporate firewall to allow ICMP (ping) to pass through, and enable the
following ports:
Used for Port Note From To
Echo Reply 0/icmp device Peregrine appliance
Error Messages 3/icmp device Peregrine appliance
Echo Request 8/icmp Peregrine appliance device
TTL Timeout 11/icmp 5 Peregrine appliance device
device Peregrine appliance
Netmask Request 17/icmp Peregrine appliance device
Netmask Reply 18/icmp device Peregrine appliance
Setup Guide
Secure Shell (SSH) 22/tcp Peregrine Systems
Customer Support
Telnet 23/tcp 1 Peregrine appliance device
1 management workstation device
SMTP 25/tcp Peregrine appliance SMTP server
DNS 53/udp Peregrine appliance DNS server
HTTP 80/tcp management workstation Peregrine appliance
1 management workstation device
1 Peregrine appliance device
2 Peregrine appliance aggregated Peregrine
NTP (network time) 123/udp Peregrine appliance NTP server
NetBIOS-n (name
server)
NetBIOS-dgm
(datagram)
NetBIOS-ssn
(session—file and
printer sharing)
137/udp Peregrine appliance device
138/udp management workstation Peregrine appliance
139/tcp management workstation Peregrine appliance
Peregrine appliance
appliance
SNMP 161/udp Peregrine appliance device
Enable firewall ports | 29
Network Discovery
SNMP traps 162/udp 3 Peregrine appliance external network
management server
Peregrine Listener 1738/udp 4 Peregrine appliance device with Peregrine
MIB Browser 8100/tcp management workstation Peregrine appliance
2 Peregrine appliance aggregated Peregrine
Network Map 8101/tcp management workstation Peregrine appliance
2 Peregrine appliance aggregated Peregrine
Network Map Proxy 8102/tcp 2 management workstation Peregrine appliance
MIB Browser Proxy 8103/tcp 2 management workstation Peregrine appliance
Telnet Proxy 8104/tcp 1 management workstation Peregrine appliance
1,2 Peregrine appliance aggregated Peregrine
HTTP Proxy 8105/tcp 1 management workstation Peregrine appliance
1,2 Peregrine appliance aggregated Peregrine
MySQL ODBC 8108/tcp 1 management workstation Peregrine appliance
Applet server 8109/tcp management workstation Peregrine appliance
Desktop Inventory (PDI)
Listener
appliance
appliance
appliance
appliance
2 Peregrine appliance aggregated Peregrine
ServiceCenter 12670/tcp 6 Peregrine appliance ServiceCenter server
Traceroute 33263/udp
33436/udp
1. Depending on your settings for Appliance proxy services
2. If you have and Aggregator license
3. If you are using SNMP trap notification
4. This listener port is the default. You can add more ports for Network Discovery to listen on in
Peregrine appliance device
appliance
Administration > System preferences > Listener communication
TTL Timeout can go in either direction, from the Peregrine appliance or to the Peregrine appliance.
5.
6. You can change this port at
Administration > System preferences > ServiceCenter
configuration.
30 | Prepare the network
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