Dell 210-AEIR, 210-AEVX, 210-ABOH, 210-ABNV User Guide

Download

Dell Networking N-Series

N1500, N2000, N3000, and

N4000 Switches

User’s Configuration

Guide

Version 6.3.0.0 and Later

Regulatory Models: N1524, N1524P, N1548, N1548P, N2024, N2024P, N2038, N2048P, N3024, N3024F, N3024P, N 3048, N3048P, N4032, N4032F, N4064, N4064F

Notes and Cautions

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of

your computer.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates potential damage to hardware or loss of data if

instructions are not followed.

____________

Information in this publication is subject to change without notice.

Copyright © 2016 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell™ and the Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies.

Regulatory Models: N1524, N1524P, N1548, N1548P, N2024, N2024P, N2038, N2048P, N3024, N3024F, N3024P, N3048, N3048P, N4032, N4032F, N4064, N4064F

January 2016 Rev. A02

Contents

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

About This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Document Conventions

Additional Documentation

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

2 Switch Feature Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

System Management Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Multiple Management Options

System Time Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Log Messages

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Integrated DHCP Server

Management of Basic Network Information . . . . 59

IPv6 Management Features

Dual Software Images

File Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Switch Database Management Templates

Automatic Installation of Firmware and

Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

sFlow

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

SNMP Alarms and Trap Logs

CDP Interoperability Through ISDP . . . . . . . . 63

Remote Monitoring (RMON)

N3000 Series Access and Aggregation

Firmware Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

. . . . . . . . . . . 58

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

. . . . . . . . . . . . 60

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

. . . . 61

. . . . . . . . . . . . 62

. . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Contents 3

Stacking Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

High Stack Count

Single IP Management

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Master Failover with Transparent Transition. . . . 65

Nonstop Forwarding on the Stack

. . . . . . . . . 66

Hot Add/Delete and Firmware

Synchronization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Security Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Configurable Access and Authentication

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Profiles

Password-Protected Management Access

Strong Password Enforcement

. . . . . . . . . . . 67

. . . . 67

TACACS+ Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

RADIUS Support

SSH/SSL

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Inbound Telnet Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Denial of Service

Port Protection Captive Portal

802.1X Authentication (IEEE 802.1X)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

. . . . . . . . 70

MAC-Based 802.1X Authentication . . . . . . . . . 71

802.1X Monitor Mode

MAC-Based Port Security

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Access Control Lists (ACLs) . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Time-Based ACLs

IP Source Guard (IPSG)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

DHCP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Dynamic ARP Inspection

Protected Ports (Private VLAN Edge)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

. . . . . . . . 73

4 Contents

Green Technology Features

Energy Detect Mode

Energy Efficient Ethernet

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Power Utilization Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Power over Ethernet (PoE) Plus Features

. . . . . . . . 75

Power Over Ethernet (PoE) Plus Configuration

PoE Plus Support

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

UPOE Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Switching Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Flow Control Support (IEEE 802.3x)

. . . . . . . . . 76

Head of Line Blocking Prevention . . . . . . . . . 76

Alternate Store and Forward (ASF)

Jumbo Frames Support

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

. . . . . . . . . 76

Auto-MDI/MDIX Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

VLAN-Aware MAC-based Switching

Back Pressure Support

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

. . . . . . . . 77

Auto-negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Storm Control

Port Mirroring

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Static and Dynamic MAC Address Tables . . . . . 78

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)

. . . . . . . 79

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) for

Media Endpoint Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Connectivity Fault Management (IEEE 802.1ag)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) . . . . . . . . . 79

Data Center Bridging Exchange (DBCx) Protocol

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Enhanced Transmission Selection . . . . . . . . . 80

Cisco Protocol Filtering

DHCP Layer-2 Relay

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Virtual Local Area Network Supported Features

VLAN Support

Port-Based VLANs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

. . . . 82

Contents 5

IP Subnet-based VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

MAC-based VLAN

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

IEEE 802.1v Protocol-Based VLANs. . . . . . . . . 82

GARP and GVRP Support

Voice VLAN

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Guest VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Unauthorized VLAN

Double VLANs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Spanning Tree Protocol Features

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

Spanning Tree Port Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . . 84

. . . . . . . . . . . 84

. . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Rapid Spanning Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Multiple Spanning Tree

Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) Guard BPDU Filtering

RSTP-PV and STP-PV

Link Aggregation Features

Link Aggregation

Link Aggregate Control Protocol (LACP)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

. . . . . . 85

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

. . . . . . 87

Multi-Switch LAG (MLAG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Routing Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Table Management

VLAN Routing

IP Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) . . . . . . . . . . 88

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF)

. . . . . . . . . . 89

. . . . . . . 89

BOOTP/DHCP Relay Agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

IP Helper and UDP Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Routing Information Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Router Discovery

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

6 Contents

Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)

. . . . 91

Tunnel and Loopback Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . 91

IPv6 Routing Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

IPv6 Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

IPv6 Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

OSPFv3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

DHCPv6

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Quality of Service (QoS) Features

Differentiated Services (DiffServ)

Class Of Service (CoS)

. . . . . . . . . . . . 93

. . . . . . . . . 93

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Auto Voice over IP (VoIP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) Optimization

Layer-2 Multicast Features

MAC Multicast Support

IGMP Snooping

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

IGMP Snooping Querier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

MLD Snooping

Multicast VLAN Registration

Layer-3 Multicast Features

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

. . . . . . . . . . . . 95

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol

Internet Group Management Protocol

. . . . . . . 96

IGMP Proxy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Protocol Independent Multicast—Dense Mode

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Protocol Independent Multicast—Sparse

Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Protocol Independent Multicast—Source

Specific Multicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Protocol Independent Multicast IPv6 Support

MLD/MLDv2 (RFC2710/RFC3810)

. . . . . . . . . . 97

. . . . 96

. . . 97

Contents 7

3 Hardware Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Dell Networking N1500 Series Switch

Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Front Panel

Back Panel

LED Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Power Consumption for PoE Switches

Dell Networking N2000 Series Switch Hardware

Front Panel

Back Panel

LED Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Power Consumption for PoE Switches

Dell Networking N3000 Series Switch Hardware

Front Panel

Back Panel

LED Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Power Consumption for PoE Switches

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

. . . . . . 107

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

. . . . . . 117

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

. . . . . . 130

8 Contents

Dell Networking N4000 Series Switch Hardware

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Front Panel

Back Panel

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

LED Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Switch MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

4 Using Dell OpenManage Switch

Administrator

About Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator . . . . 145

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Starting the Application

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Understanding the Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Using the Switch Administrator Buttons and Links

Defining Fields

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

. . . 149

Understanding the Device View. . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Using the Device View Port Features

. . . . . . . 150

Using the Device View Switch Locator

Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

5 Using the Command-Line Interface. . . . 153

Accessing the Switch Through the CLI . . . . . . . . . 153

Console Connection

Telnet Connection

Understanding Command Modes

Entering CLI Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Using the Question Mark to Get Help

Using Command Completion . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Entering Abbreviated Commands

Negating Commands

Command Output Paging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Understanding Error Messages

Recalling Commands from the History Buffer

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

. . . . . . . . . . . . 155

. . . . . . . 157

. . . . . . . . . 158

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

. . . . . . . . . . 159

. . . 159

Contents 9

6 Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

7 Setting the IP Address and Other

Basic Network Information

IP Address and Network Information Overview . . . 165

What Is the Basic Network Information?

Why Is Basic Network Information

Needed?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

How Is Basic Network Information Configured?

What Is Out-of-Band Management and

In-Band Management? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

. . . . . . . . . . 165

. . . . . 165

Default Network Information

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

Configuring Basic Network Information (Web) . . . . 171

Out-of-Band Interface

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

IP Interface Configuration (Default VLAN

IP Address) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

Route Entry Configuration (Switch Default

Gateway) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Domain Name Server Default Domain Name

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Host Name Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

Dynamic Host Name Mapping

Configuring Basic Network Information (CLI)

Enabling the DHCP Client on the OOB Port

. . . . . . . . . . 179

. . . . . 180

. . . . 180

Enabling the DHCP Client on the Default VLAN

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Managing DHCP Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

Configuring Static Network Information on the OOB Port

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Configuring Static Network Information on the Default VLAN

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

10 Contents

Configuring and Viewing Additional

Network Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Basic Network Information Configuration Examples

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Configuring Network Information Using the OOB Port

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Configuring Network Information Using the Serial Interface

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

8 Managing QSFP Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

9 Stacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Stacking Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

Dell Networking N1500, N2000, N3000, and N4000 Stacking Compatibility

How is the Stack Master Selected? . . . . . . . . 198

Adding a Switch to the Stack

Removing a Switch from the Stack

How is the Firmware Updated on the Stack? . . . 201

What is Stacking Standby?

What is Nonstop Forwarding?

Switch Stack MAC Addressing and Stack

Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

NSF Network Design Considerations

Why is Stacking Needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

. . . . . . . . . 197

. . . . . . . . . . . . 199

. . . . . . . . . 200

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

. . . . . . . . . . . 201

. . . . . . . 205

Default Stacking Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Managing and Monitoring the Stack (Web)

Unit Configuration

Stack Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

. . . . . . 207

Stack Firmware Synchronization. . . . . . . . . . 209

Contents 11

Supported Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Stack Port Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Stack Port Counters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

Stack Port Diagnostics

NSF Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Checkpoint Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Managing the Stack (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Configuring Stack Member, Stack Port, and NSF Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215

Viewing and Clearing Stacking and NSF Information

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

Connecting to the Management Console

from a Stack Member. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

Stacking and NSF Usage Scenarios

Basic Failover

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

Preconfiguring a Stack Member

NSF in the Data Center NSF and VoIP

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

NSF and DHCP Snooping

. . . . . . . . . . 218

. . . . . . . . . 220

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

NSF and the Storage Access Network . . . . . . 225

NSF and Routed Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

10 Authentication, Authorization, and

Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

AAA Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

Methods

Method Lists

Access Lines

Access Lines (AAA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

Access Lines (Non-AAA)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

12 Contents

Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

Authentication Types

Authentication Manager

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

Using RADIUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

Using TACACS+ Servers to Control Management Access

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

Authentication Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

Public Key SSH Authentication Example

Associating a User With an SSH Key

. . . . . . 256

. . . . . . . 263

Authorization

Exec Authorization Capabilities

Authorization Examples

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

. . . . . . . . . . 265

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

RADIUS Change of Authorization. . . . . . . . . . 269

TACACS Authorization

Accounting

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

RADIUS Accounting

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

IEEE 802.1X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

What is IEEE 802.1X?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279

What are the 802.1X Port Authentication

Modes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

What is MAC-Based 802.1X Authentication?

. . . 281

What is the Role of 802.1X in VLAN

Assignment? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

What is Monitor Mode?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

How Does the Authentication Server Assign

DiffServ Policy? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286

What is the Internal Authentication Server?

. . . . 287

Default 802.1X Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

Configuring IEEE 802.1X (Web)

. . . . . . . . . . . 288

Captive Portal

Captive Portal Overview

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Default Captive Portal Behavior and Settings

. . . 321

Contents 13

Configuring Captive Portal (Web). . . . . . . . . 323

Configuring Captive Portal (CLI)

. . . . . . . . . 341

Captive Portal Configuration Example . . . . . . 347

In Case Of Problems in Captive Portal Deployment

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

11 Monitoring and Logging System

Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

System Monitoring Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

What System Information Is Monitored?

Why Is System Information Needed?. . . . . . . 354

Where Are Log Messages Sent?

What Are the Severity Levels?

. . . . . . . . . . 355

What Are the System Startup and Operation

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

Logs?

What Is the Log Message Format? . . . . . . . . 356

What Factors Should Be Considered When Configuring Logging?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

. . . . . 353

. . . . . . . . . 354

14 Contents

Default Log Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358

Monitoring System Information and Configuring Logging (Web)

Device Information

System Health System Resources Unit Power Usage History

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

. . . . . . . . . . . . 363

Integrated Cable Test for Copper Cables. . . . . 364

Optical Transceiver Diagnostics

Log Global Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367

. . . . . . . . . 365

RAM Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368

Log File

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

Syslog Server

Email Alert Global Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

. . . . . . . . . 372

Email Alert Mail Server Configuration . . . . . . . 372

Email Alert Subject Configuration

. . . . . . . . . 374

Email Alert To Address Configuration . . . . . . . 375

Email Alert Statistics

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376

Monitoring System Information and Configuring Logging (CLI)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377

Viewing System Information and Enabling the Locator LED

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377

Running Cable Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377

Configuring Local Logging Configuring Remote Logging

Configuring Mail Server Settings Configuring Email Alerts for Log Messages

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 379

. . . . . . . . . . . . 380

. . . . . . . . . . 381

. . . . 382

Logging Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . 384

Configuring Local and Remote Logging

. . . . . . 384

Configuring Email Alerting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386

12 Managing General System Settings . . . 389

System Settings Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389

Why Does System Information Need to Be Configured?

What Are SDM Templates?

Why is the System Time Needed?

How Does SNTP Work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

What Configuration Is Required for Plug-In Modules?

What Are the Key PoE Plus Features for the Dell Networking N1524P/N1548P, N2024P/

N2048P, and N3024P/N3048P Switches? . . . . . . 396

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

. . . . . . . . . . . . 391

. . . . . . . . . 394

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395

Default General System Information

Power Management in Guard Band

. . . . . . . . . . 397

. . . . . . . . 397

Contents 15

Dynamic/Static Power Management Mode . . . 398

Class-Based Power Management Mode

. . . . . 398

Configuring General System Settings (Web) . . . 398

System Information

CLI Banner SDM Template Preference

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404

Clock

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402

. . . . . . . . . . . . 403

SNTP Global Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

SNTP Authentication SNTP Server

Summer Time Configuration Time Zone Configuration

Card Configuration Slot Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408

. . . . . . . . . . . 411

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 412

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414

Supported Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415

Power Over Ethernet Global Configuration (Dell Networking N1524P/N1548P, N2024P/ N2048P, and N3024P/N3048P Only)

. . . . . . . . 416

Power Over Ethernet Interface Configuration (Dell Networking N1524P/N1548P, N2024P/ N2048P, and N3024P/N3048P Only)

. . . . . . . . 417

16 Contents

Configuring System Settings (CLI)

Configuring System Information

Configuring the Banner Managing the SDM Template

. . . . . . . . . . . 419

. . . . . . . . . 419

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420

. . . . . . . . . . 421

Configuring SNTP Authentication and an SNTP Server

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

Setting the System Time and Date Manually Configuring the Expansion Slots (Dell

Networking N3000 Series Only)

. . . . . . . . . . 424

Viewing Slot Information (Dell Networking

N4000 Series Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

Configuring PoE Settings (Dell Networking N1524P/N1548P, N2024P/N2048P, and N3024P/

N3048P Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425

. . . 423

General System Settings Configuration

Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427

Configuring System and Banner Information

. . . 427

Configuring SNTP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430

Configuring the Time Manually. . . . . . . . . . . 432

13 SNMP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

SNMP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

What Is SNMP?

What Are SNMP Traps?

Why Is SNMP Needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435

Default SNMP Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434

Configuring SNMP (Web)

SNMP Global Parameters

SNMP View Settings Access Control Group SNMPv3 User Security Model (USM)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 437

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440

. . . . . . . 442

Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445

Notification Filter Notification Recipients

Trap Flags

OSPFv2 Trap Flags

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451

OSPFv3 Trap Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452

Trap Log

Configuring SNMP (CLI)

Configuring the SNMPv3 Engine ID

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455

. . . . . . . . 455

Configuring SNMP Views, Groups, and Users

Configuring Communities

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459

Configuring SNMP Notifications (Traps

and Informs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461

Contents 17

. . . 456

SNMP Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . 464

Configuring SNMPv1 and SNMPv2

Configuring SNMPv3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465

. . . . . . . . 464

14 Images and File Management . . . . . . . . 469

Image and File Management Overview . . . . . . . . 469

What Files Can Be Managed?

Why Is File Management Needed?

What Methods Are Supported for File

Management?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

What Factors Should Be Considered When

Managing Files?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

How Is the Running Configuration Saved?

. . . . . . . . . . 469

. . . . . . . . 471

. . . . 477

18 Contents

N3000 Dual Images

Access Router/Switch Role

Aggregation Router Role

Managing Images and Files (Web)

File System

Active Images USB Flash Drive

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477

. . . . . . . . . . . . 477

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 478

. . . . . . . . . . 479

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481

File Download. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482

File Upload Copy Files

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486

Managing Images and Files (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . 487

Downloading and Activating a New Image

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487

(TFTP)

Managing Files in Internal Flash Managing Files on a USB Flash Device

. . . . . . . . . 489

. . . . . 490

Uploading a Configuration File (SCP) . . . . . . . 490

Managing Configuration Scripts (SFTP) . . . . . 491

File and Image Management Configuration

Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492

Upgrading the Firmware

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492

Managing Configuration Scripts . . . . . . . . . . 495

Managing Files by Using the USB Flash Drive

. . . 497

15 DHCP and USB Auto-Configuration. . . . 499

Auto Configuration Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499

What Is USB Auto Configuration?

What Files Does USB Auto Configuration Use?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500

How Does USB Auto Configuration Use the

Files on the USB Device? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501

What Is the Setup File Format?

What Is the DHCP Auto Configuration

Process? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503

Monitoring and Completing the DHCP

Auto Configuration Process . . . . . . . . . . . . 509

What Are the Dependencies for DHCP Auto Configuration?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

. . . . . . . . . 500

. . . . . . . . . . . 503

Default Auto Configuration Values

Managing Auto Configuration (Web)

Auto-Install Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . 511

. . . . . . . . . . 512

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 512

Managing Auto Configuration (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . 513

Managing Auto Configuration

Auto Configuration Example

. . . . . . . . . . . 513

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514

Enabling USB Auto Configuration and Auto Image Download

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514

Enabling DHCP Auto Configuration and Auto

Image Download . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

Easy Firmware Upgrade via USB

. . . . . . . . . . 517

Contents 19

16 Monitoring Switch Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . 519

Traffic Monitoring Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519

What is sFlow Technology?

What is RMON?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522

What is Port Mirroring?

Port Mirroring Behaviors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524

Remote Capture

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526

Why is Traffic Monitoring Needed?

. . . . . . . . . . . . 519

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523

. . . . . . . 526

Default Traffic Monitoring Values

Monitoring Switch Traffic (Web)

sFlow Agent Summary

sFlow Receiver Configuration sFlow Sampler Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . 526

. . . . . . . . . . . 527

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527

. . . . . . . . . . 528

. . . . . . . . . . . 529

sFlow Poll Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530

Interface Statistics Etherlike Statistics

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 532

GVRP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533

EAP Statistics Utilization Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535

Counter Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536

Switchport Statistics RMON Statistics

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538

RMON History Control Statistics . . . . . . . . . 539

RMON History Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541

RMON Event Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542

RMON Event Log RMON Alarms

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545

Port Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547

LAG Statistics Port Mirroring

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549

20 Contents

Monitoring Switch Traffic (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . 551

Configuring sFlow

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551

Configuring RMON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553

Viewing Statistics

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555

Configuring Port Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556

Configuring RSPAN

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557

Traffic Monitoring Examples

Showing Interface Traffic

Configuring sFlow

Configuring RMON Configuring Remote Capture Configuring RSPAN

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 560

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563

. . . . . . . . . . . . 564

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569

17 iSCSI Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573

iSCSI Optimization Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573

What Does iSCSI Optimization Do? What Occurs When iSCSI Optimization Is

Enabled or Disabled?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574

How Does the Switch Detect iSCSI Traffic

Flows?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574

How Is Quality of Service Applied to iSCSI

Traffic Flows?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575

How Does iSCSI Optimization Use ACLs?

What Information Does the Switch Track in

iSCSI Traffic Flows? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576

How Does iSCSI Optimization Interact With Dell EqualLogic Arrays?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577

How Does iSCSI Optimization Interact with Dell Compellent Arrays?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577

How Does iSCSI Optimization Interact with

DCBx? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578

iSCSI CoS and Priority Flow Control/Enhanced

Transmission Selection Interactions . . . . . . . . 579

. . . . . . . . . 574

. . . . . 576

Default iSCSI Optimization Values . . . . . . . . . . . 580

Contents 21

Configuring iSCSI Optimization (Web). . . . . . . . . 581

iSCSI Global Configuration

iSCSI Targets Table iSCSI Sessions Table iSCSI Sessions Detailed

. . . . . . . . . . . . 581

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 584

Configuring iSCSI Optimization (CLI) . . . . . . . . . 585

iSCSI Optimization Configuration Examples

. . . . . 587

Configuring iSCSI Optimization Between Servers and a Disk Array

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 587

18 Port Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591

Port Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591

What Physical Port Characteristics Can Be Configured?

Auto-Negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593

Maximum Transmission Unit . . . . . . . . . . . 593

What is Link Dependency? . . . . . . . . . . . . 594

What Interface Types are Supported? What is Interface Configuration Mode?

What Are the Green Ethernet Features?

Switchport Modes

Default Port Values

Configuring Port Characteristics (Web)

Port Configuration

Link Dependency Configuration

Link Dependency Summary

Port Green Ethernet Configuration . . . . . . . . 607

Port Green Ethernet Statistics

Port Green Ethernet LPI History

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591

. . . . . . 596

. . . . . 596

. . . . . 598

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600

. . . . . . . . 601

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601

. . . . . . . . . 604

. . . . . . . . . . . . 606

. . . . . . . . . . 608

. . . . . . . . . 610

22 Contents

Configuring Port Characteristics (CLI) . . . . . . . . . 611

Configuring Port Settings

Configuring Link Dependencies Configuring Green Features

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611

. . . . . . . . . . 613

. . . . . . . . . . . . 614

Port Configuration Examples

Configuring Port Settings

Configuring a Link Dependency Groups Configuring a Port in Access Mode

Configuring a Port in Trunk Mode

Configuring a Port in General Mode

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615

. . . . . . 616

. . . . . . . . 616

. . . . . . . . . 617

. . . . . . . . 620

19 Port and System Security . . . . . . . . . . . 623

Port-based Security—Port MAC Locking . . . . . . . . 623

Denial of Service

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628

20 Access Control Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629

ACL Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629

ACL Counters

What Are MAC ACLs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631

What Are IP ACLs?

ACL Actions

What Is the ACL Redirect Function? . . . . . . . . 633

What Is the ACL Mirror Function?

What Is ACL Logging

What Are Time-Based ACLs? . . . . . . . . . . . 634

ACL Limitations

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632

. . . . . . . . . 634

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635

ACL Configuration Details

How Are ACLs Configured?

Editing Access Lists

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 639

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639

Contents 23

Preventing False ACL Matches . . . . . . . . . . 640

Using IP and MAC Address Masks

. . . . . . . . 641

Policy-Based Routing

Packet Classification

Route-Map Processing

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644

Route-Map Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645

Interface ACLs and PBR Interaction

PBR and Implicit Deny-all

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 648

. . . . . . . 647

Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648

Configuring ACLs (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651

IP ACL Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651

IP ACL Rule Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 653

MAC ACL Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655

MAC ACL Rule Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 657

IPv6 ACL Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 658

IPv6 ACL Rule Configuration

ACL Binding Configuration Time Range Entry Configuration

Configuring ACLs (CLI)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 664

Configuring an IPv4 ACL

Configuring a MAC ACL Configuring an IPv6 ACL

. . . . . . . . . . . 659

. . . . . . . . . . . . 661

. . . . . . . . . 662

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 664

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 670

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 674

Configuring a Time Range . . . . . . . . . . . . 677

24 Contents

ACL Configuration Examples

Basic Rules

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679

Internal System ACLs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 680

Complete ACL Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681

Advanced Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685

Policy-Based Routing Examples

. . . . . . . . . 697

21 VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701

VLAN Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701

VLAN Tagging

GVRP

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705

Double-VLAN Tagging

Voice VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 707

Private VLANs

Additional VLAN Features

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 715

Default VLAN Behavior

Configuring VLANs (Web)

VLAN Membership

VLAN Port Settings VLAN LAG Settings

Bind MAC to VLAN Bind IP Subnet to VLAN

GVRP Parameters Protocol Group

Adding a Protocol Group

Double VLAN Global Configuration Double VLAN Interface Configuration Voice VLAN

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 724

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 726

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731

. . . . . . . . . 733

. . . . . . . 734

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736

Configuring VLANs (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737

Creating a VLAN

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737

Configuring VLAN Settings for a LAG . . . . . . . 738

Configuring Double VLAN Tagging . . . . . . . . . 739

Configuring MAC-Based VLANs

Configuring IP-Based VLANs Configuring a Protocol-Based VLAN Configuring GVRP

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749

. . . . . . . . . . 742

. . . . . . . . . . . . 744

. . . . . . . . 746

Configuring Voice VLANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751

Configuring a Voice VLAN (Extended Example)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753

Contents 25

Enterprise Voice VLAN Configuration

With QoS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 754

MLAG with RPVST and Voice VLAN . . . . . . . 756

Assigning an 802.1p Priority to VLAN Traffic

Configuring a Private VLAN

. . . . . . . . . . . . 763

. . . 763

VLAN Configuration Examples

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 766

Configuring VLANs Using The Dell OpenManage Administrator

. . . . . . . . . . . 766

Configuring VLANs Using the CLI. . . . . . . . . 774

22 Spanning Tree Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779

STP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779

What Are Classic STP, Multiple STP, and Rapid STP?

How Does STP Work?

How Does MSTP Operate in the Network? MSTP with Multiple Forwarding Paths MSTP and VLAN IDs

What are the Optional STP Features? . . . . . . 786

RSTP-PV

DirectLink Rapid Convergence

IndirectLink Rapid Convergence Feature Interoperability Between STP-PV and

RSTP-PV Modes

Interoperability With IEEE Spanning Tree

Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793

Configuration Examples

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780

. . . . 781

. . . . . . 785

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 786

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788

. . . . . . . . . . 789

. . . . . 791

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 798

26 Contents

Default STP Values

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799

Configuring Spanning Tree (Web)

STP Global Settings

STP Port Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 802

. . . . . . . . . . . 800

STP LAG Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804

Rapid Spanning Tree

MSTP Settings MSTP Interface Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 809

Configuring Spanning Tree (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . 810

Configuring Global STP Bridge Settings

. . . . . . 810

Configuring Optional STP Features. . . . . . . . . 811

Configuring STP Interface Settings

Configuring MSTP Switch Settings Configuring MSTP Interface Settings

. . . . . . . . 812

. . . . . . . . . 813

. . . . . . . 814

STP Configuration Examples

STP Configuration Example

MSTP Configuration Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 815

. . . . . . . . . . . 817

RSTP-PV Access Switch Configuration

Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 820

23 Discovering Network Devices. . . . . . . . 825

Device Discovery Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825

What Is ISDP?

What is LLDP? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825

What is LLDP-MED?

Why are Device Discovery Protocols

Needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 826

Default IDSP and LLDP Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827

Configuring ISDP and LLDP (Web)

ISDP Global Configuration

ISDP Cache Table

ISDP Interface Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . 831

ISDP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 832

LLDP Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 826

. . . . . . . . . . . 829

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 829

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 830

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 833

Contents 27

LLDP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835

LLDP Connections

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 836

LLDP-MED Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . 838

LLDP-MED Interface Configuration LLDP-MED Local Device Information

. . . . . . . . 839

. . . . . . . 840

LLDP-MED Remote Device Information . . . . . 840

Configuring ISDP and LLDP (CLI)

Configuring Global ISDP Settings

Enabling ISDP on a Port Viewing and Clearing ISDP Information

Configuring Global LLDP Settings Configuring Port-based LLDP Settings

Viewing and Clearing LLDP Information

. . . . . . . . . . . 841

. . . . . . . . . 841

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 842

. . . . . 842

. . . . . . . . . 843

. . . . . . 843

. . . . . 844

Configuring LLDP-MED Settings . . . . . . . . . 845

Viewing LLDP-MED Information . . . . . . . . . 846

Device Discovery Configuration Examples

Configuring ISDP

Configuring LLDP

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 846

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847

. . . . . . 846

24 Port-Based Traffic Control . . . . . . . . . . 849

Port-Based Traffic Control Overview . . . . . . . . . 849

What is Flow Control?

What is Storm Control?

What are Protected Ports? . . . . . . . . . . . . 851

What is Error Recovery?

What is Link Local Protocol Filtering?

What is Loop Protection? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 850

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 850

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 851

. . . . . . 851

28 Contents

Default Port-Based Traffic Control Values . . . . . . 854

Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control (Web)

Flow Control (Global Port Parameters)

. . . . 855

. . . . . . 855

Storm Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 856

Protected Port Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . 858

LLPF Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 860

Configuring Port-Based Traffic Control (CLI)

Configuring Flow Control and Storm Control

Configuring Protected Ports

. . . . . . . . . . . . 863

. . . . . . 862

. . . . 862

Configuring LLPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864

Port-Based Traffic Control Configuration Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865

25 Layer-2 Multicast Features . . . . . . . . . . 867

L2 Multicast Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 867

Multicast Flooding and Forwarding

What Are the Multicast Bridging Features? . . . . 868

What Is L2 Multicast Traffic? What Is IGMP Snooping?

What Is MLD Snooping?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 869

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871

What Is Multicast VLAN Registration?

When Are Layer-3 Multicast Features

Required? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 874

What Are GARP and GMRP?

Snooping Switch Restrictions

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 876

MAC Address-Based Multicast Group

Topologies Where the Multicast Source

Is Not Directly Connected to the Querier. . . . . . 876

Using Static Multicast MAC Configuration

IGMP Snooping and GMRP

. . . . . . . . 867

. . . . . . . . . . . . 869

. . . . . . . 873

. . . . . . . . . . . . 874

. . . . . . . 876

. . . . . 876

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 876

Default L2 Multicast Values

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877

Configuring L2 Multicast Features (Web)

Multicast Global Parameters

. . . . . . . . . . . . 879

. . . . . . . . 879

Contents 29

Bridge Multicast Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880

MRouter Status

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 883

General IGMP Snooping . . . . . . . . . . . . . 884

Global Querier Configuration VLAN Querier

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 888

. . . . . . . . . . . 887

VLAN Querier Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 890

MFDB IGMP Snooping Table MLD Snooping General

. . . . . . . . . . . 891

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 892

MLD Snooping Global Querier Configuration. . . 894

MLD Snooping VLAN Querier. . . . . . . . . . . 895

MLD Snooping VLAN Querier Status . . . . . . . 897

MFDB MLD Snooping Table MVR Global Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . 898

. . . . . . . . . . . . 899

MVR Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900

MVR Interface Configuration

MVR Statistics GARP Timers GMRP Parameters

MFDB GMRP Table

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 906

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 908

. . . . . . . . . . . 901

30 Contents

Configuring L2 Multicast Features (CLI)

Configuring Layer-2 Multicasting

Configuring IGMP Snooping on VLANs

Configuring IGMP Snooping Querier

. . . . . . . . 909

. . . . . . . . . 909

. . . . . . 910

. . . . . . . 911

Configuring MLD Snooping on VLANs . . . . . . 912

Configuring MLD Snooping Querier

Configuring MVR

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 914

. . . . . . . 913

Configuring GARP Timers and GMRP. . . . . . . 916

Case Study on a Real-World Network Topology . . . 917

Multicast Snooping Case Study

. . . . . . . . . 917

26 Connectivity Fault Management . . . . . . 923

Dot1ag Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 923

How Does Dot1ag Work Across a Carrier Network?

What Entities Make Up a Maintenance

Domain?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 925

What is the Administrator’s Role?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924

. . . . . . . . . 927

Default Dot1ag Values

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 928

Configuring Dot1ag (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 929

Dot1ag Global Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . 929

Dot1ag MD Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 929

Dot1ag MA Configuration

Dot1ag MEP Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 931

Dot1ag MIP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 932

Dot1ag RMEP Summary

Dot1ag L2 Ping

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933

Dot1ag L2 Traceroute. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934

Dot1ag L2 Traceroute Cache

Dot1ag Statistics

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 936

Configuring Dot1ag (CLI)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 937

. . . . . . . . . . . . 935

Configuring Dot1ag Global Settings and Creating Domains

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 937

Configuring MEP Information. . . . . . . . . . . . 938

Dot1ag Ping and Traceroute

Dot1ag Configuration Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . 939

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 940

27 Snooping and Inspecting Traffic. . . . . . 943

Traffic Snooping and Inspection Overview . . . . . . . 943

What Is DHCP Snooping?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 944

Contents 31

How Is the DHCP Snooping Bindings

Database Populated? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 945

What Is IP Source Guard? . . . . . . . . . . . . 948

What is Dynamic ARP Inspection? . . . . . . . . 949

Why Is Traffic Snooping and Inspection

Necessary? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 950

Default Traffic Snooping and Inspection Values

Configuring Traffic Snooping and Inspection

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 952

(Web)

DHCP Snooping Configuration

DHCP Snooping Interface Configuration DHCP Snooping VLAN Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . 952

. . . . . 953

. . . . . . . 955

DHCP Snooping Persistent Configuration . . . . 956

DHCP Snooping Static Bindings Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 957

DHCP Snooping Dynamic Bindings Summary

DHCP Snooping Statistics IPSG Interface Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 958

. . . . . . . . . . . . 959

. . . . . . . . . . . 960

IPSG Binding Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . 960

IPSG Binding Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 961

DAI Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 962

DAI Interface Configuration DAI VLAN Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . 963

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 965

DAI ACL Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 966

DAI ACL Rule Configuration

DAI Statistics

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 967

. . . . . . . . . . . . 966

Configuring Traffic Snooping and Inspection

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 969

(CLI)

Configuring DHCP Snooping

. . . . . . . . . . . 969

Configuring IP Source Guard . . . . . . . . . . . 971

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection

. . . . . . 972

. . . 950

32 Contents

Traffic Snooping and Inspection Configuration

Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 975

Configuring DHCP Snooping

. . . . . . . . . . . . 975

Configuring IPSG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 977

28 Link Aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979

Link Aggregation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979

Overview

Default Link Aggregation Values . . . . . . . . . . 983

Configuring Link Aggregation (Web) Configuring Link Aggregation (CLI)

Link Aggregation Configuration Examples . . . . . 995

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 979

. . . . . . . . 984

. . . . . . . . . 991

Multi-Switch LAG (MLAG)

Overview

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 998

Deployment Scenarios Definitions

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1001

Configuration Consistency

Operation in the Network Layer-2 Configuration Steps

Switch Firmware Upgrade Procedure

Static Routing on MLAG Interfaces

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 998

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1002

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1005

. . . . . . . . . . . 1009

. . . . . . 1012

. . . . . . . 1013

Caveats and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1020

Basic Configuration Example A Complete MLAG Example

. . . . . . . . . . . 1026

. . . . . . . . . . . 1034

29 Data Center Bridging Features . . . . . . 1051

Data Center Bridging Technology Overview . . . . . 1051

Default DCB Values

Priority Flow Control

PFC Operation and Behavior

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1052

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1053

. . . . . . . . . . . 1053

Contents 33

Configuring PFC Using the Web Interface . . . . 1054

Configuring PFC Using the CLI

. . . . . . . . . . 1056

PFC Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . 1058

DCB Capability Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1060

Interoperability with IEEE DCBx

. . . . . . . . . 1061

DCBx and Port Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1061

Configuration Source Port Selection Process

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063

Disabling DCBX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1064

Configuring DCBx

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1065

Enhanced Transmission Selection

ETS Operation

Commands

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1067

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1070

ETS Configuration Example

. . . . . . . . . . 1067

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1071

ETS Theory of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1077

30 MAC Addressing and Forwarding . . . . 1083

MAC Address Table Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1083

How Is the Address Table Populated?

What Information Is in the MAC Address

Table? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1084

How Is the MAC Address Table Maintained

Across a Stack?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1084

Default MAC Address Table Values . . . . . . . . . . 1084

Managing the MAC Address Table (Web)

Static Address Table

Global Address Table

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1085

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1087

Managing the MAC Address Table (CLI)

Managing the MAC Address Table

. . . . . . 1083

. . . . . . . 1085

. . . . . . . 1088

. . . . . . . . 1088

34 Contents

31 DHCP Server and Relay Settings. . . . . 1089

DHCP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1089

How Does DHCP Work?

What are DHCP Options?

How is DHCP Option 82 Used?

What Additional DHCP Features Does the

Switch Support? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1093

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1090

. . . . . . . . . . 1091

Default DHCP Server Values

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1094

Configuring the DHCP Server (Web) . . . . . . . . . 1095

DHCP Server Network Properties

. . . . . . . . 1095

Address Pool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1097

Address Pool Options

DHCP Bindings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1101

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1103

DHCP Server Reset Configuration . . . . . . . . 1104

DHCP Server Conflicts Information

DHCP Server Statistics

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1105

Configuring the DHCP Server (CLI)

Configuring Global DHCP Server Settings

Configuring a Dynamic Address Pool

. . . . . . . . 1104

. . . . . . . . . . 1106

. . . . 1106

. . . . . . 1107

Configuring a Static Address Pool . . . . . . . . 1108

Monitoring DHCP Server Information

DHCP Server Configuration Examples

Configuring a Dynamic Address Pool

Configuring a Static Address Pool

. . . . . . 1109

. . . . . . . . 1110

. . . . . . 1110

. . . . . . . . 1112

32 IP Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1115

IP Routing Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1115

Default IP Routing Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1117

Contents 35

IP Path MTU and Path MTU Discovery . . . . . . . . 1118

ARP Table

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1119

Configuring IP Routing Features (Web) . . . . . . . . 1120

IP Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1120

IP Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1121

ARP Create . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1122

ARP Table Configuration Router Discovery Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1123

. . . . . . . . . 1124

Router Discovery Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1125

Route Table Best Routes Table

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1126

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1127

Route Entry Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1128

Configured Routes Route Preferences Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1130

. . . . . . . . . 1131

Configuring IP Routing Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . . 1132

Configuring Global IP Routing Settings

. . . . . . 1132

Adding Static ARP Entries and Configuring

ARP Table Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1133

Configuring Router Discovery (IRDP)

. . . . . . . 1134

Configuring Route Table Entries and Route Preferences

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1135

IP Routing Configuration Example. . . . . . . . . . . 1137

Configuring Dell Networking N-Series Switch A

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1138

Configuring Dell Networking N-Series Switch B

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1139

33 Routing Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1141

36 Contents

Routing Interface Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1141

What Are VLAN Routing Interfaces?

. . . . . . . 1141

What Are Loopback Interfaces? . . . . . . . . . 1142

What Are Tunnel Interfaces?. . . . . . . . . . . 1143

Why Are Routing Interfaces Needed?

. . . . . . 1144

Default Routing Interface Values

Configuring Routing Interfaces (Web)

IP Interface Configuration

DHCP Lease Parameters VLAN Routing Summary

Tunnel Configuration

Tunnels Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1150

. . . . . . . . . . . 1146

. . . . . . . . . 1147

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1147

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1148

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1149

Loopbacks Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1151

Loopbacks Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1152

Configuring Routing Interfaces (CLI)

. . . . . . . . . 1153

Configuring VLAN Routing Interfaces (IPv4)

Configuring Loopback Interfaces Configuring Tunnels

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1156

. . . . . . . . . 1155

34 Layer-2 and Layer-3 Relay

Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1157

L2 and L3 Relay Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1157

What Is L3 DHCP Relay?

What Is L2 DHCP Relay?

What Is the IP Helper Feature?. . . . . . . . . . 1159

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1157

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1158

. . . 1153

Default L2/L3 Relay Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1163

Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features (Web)

DHCP Relay Global Configuration

DHCP Relay Interface Configuration DHCP Relay Interface Statistics DHCP Relay VLAN Configuration

. . . . . 1164

. . . . . . . . 1164

. . . . . . . 1165

. . . . . . . . . 1167

. . . . . . . . . 1168

DHCP Relay Agent Configuration. . . . . . . . . 1168

Contents 37

IP Helper Global Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1170

IP Helper Interface Configuration

. . . . . . . . 1172

IP Helper Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1174

Configuring L2 and L3 Relay Features (CLI)

Configuring L2 DHCP Relay

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1175

Configuring L3 Relay (IP Helper) Settings

Relay Agent Configuration Example

. . . . . . 1175

. . . . 1177

. . . . . . . . . . 1179

35 OSPF and OSPFv3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1181

OSPF Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1182

What Are OSPF Areas and Other OSPF Topology Features?

What Are OSPF Routers and LSAs? How Are Routes Selected?

How Are OSPF and OSPFv3 Different?

OSPF Feature Details

Max Metric

Static Area Range Cost

LSA Pacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1187

Flood Blocking

MTU

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1189

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1182

. . . . . . . 1183

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1183

. . . . . . 1183

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1184

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1184

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1186

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1188

38 Contents

Default OSPF Values

Configuring OSPF Features (Web)

OSPF Configuration

OSPF Area Configuration OSPF Stub Area Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1190

. . . . . . . . . . . 1192

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1192

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1193

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1196

OSPF Area Range Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1197

OSPF Interface Statistics OSPF Interface Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1198

. . . . . . . . . . . 1199

OSPF Neighbor Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1200

OSPF Neighbor Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1201

OSPF Link State Database

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1202

OSPF Virtual Link Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1202

OSPF Virtual Link Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . 1204

OSPF Route Redistribution Configuration . . . . 1205

OSPF Route Redistribution Summary NSF OSPF Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1207

. . . . . . . 1206

Configuring OSPFv3 Features (Web) . . . . . . . . . 1208

OSPFv3 Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1208

OSPFv3 Area Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . 1209

OSPFv3 Stub Area Summary OSPFv3 Area Range Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . 1212

. . . . . . . . 1213

OSPFv3 Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . 1214

OSPFv3 Interface Statistics OSPFv3 Neighbors

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1216

. . . . . . . . . . . 1215

OSPFv3 Neighbor Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1217

OSPFv3 Link State Database OSPFv3 Virtual Link Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . 1218

. . . . . . . . 1219

OSPFv3 Virtual Link Summary . . . . . . . . . . 1221

OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Configuration OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Summary

. . . 1222

. . . . . 1223

NSF OSPFv3 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 1224

Configuring OSPF Features (CLI)

Configuring Global OSPF Settings

Configuring OSPF Interface Settings Configuring Stub Areas and NSSAs

Configuring Virtual Links Configuring OSPF Area Range Settings Configuring NSF Settings for OSPF

. . . . . . . . . . . 1225

. . . . . . . . 1225

. . . . . . . 1228

. . . . . . . 1230

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1232

. . . . . 1234

. . . . . . . . 1236

Configuring OSPFv3 Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . 1237

Configuring Global OSPFv3 Settings

. . . . . . . 1237

Configuring OSPFv3 Interface Settings . . . . . 1239

Configuring Stub Areas and NSSAs . . . . . . . 1241

Contents 39

Configuring Virtual Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1243

Configuring an OSPFv3 Area Range

. . . . . . . 1244

Configuring OSPFv3 Route Redistribution Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1245

Configuring NSF Settings for OSPFv3. . . . . . . 1246

OSPF Configuration Examples

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1247

Configuring an OSPF Border Router and Setting Interface Costs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1247

Configuring Stub and NSSA Areas for

OSPF and OSPFv3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1250

Configuring a Virtual Link for OSPF and

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1253

OSPFv3

Interconnecting an IPv4 Backbone and

Local IPv6 Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1256

Configuring the Static Area Range Cost . . . . . 1259

Configuring Flood Blocking . . . . . . . . . . . . 1264

Configuring OSPF VRFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1270

36 VRF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1273

VRF Resource Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1275

VRF ARP Entries

VRF Route Entries

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1275

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1275

37 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1279

40 Contents

RIP Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1279

How Does RIP Determine Route Information?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1279

What Is Split Horizon? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1280

What RIP Versions Are Supported?

Default RIP Values

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1281

. . . . . . . 1280

Configuring RIP Features (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1282

RIP Configuration

RIP Interface Configuration RIP Interface Summary RIP Route Redistribution Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1282

. . . . . . . . . . . 1283

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1284

. . . . . 1285

RIP Route Redistribution Summary. . . . . . . . 1286

Configuring RIP Features (CLI)

Configuring Global RIP Settings

Configuring RIP Interface Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1287

. . . . . . . . . 1287

. . . . . . . . 1288

Configuring Route Redistribution Settings . . . . 1289

RIP Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1291

38 VRRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1295

VRRP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1295

How Does VRRP Work?

What Is the VRRP Router Priority?

What Is VRRP Preemption?. . . . . . . . . . . . 1296

What Is VRRP Accept Mode?

What Are VRRP Route and Interface

Tracking? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1297

Default VRRP Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1299

Configuring VRRP Features (Web)

VRRP Configuration

VRRP Virtual Router Status VRRP Virtual Router Statistics VRRP Router Configuration

VRRP Route Tracking Configuration . . . . . . . 1304

VRRP Interface Tracking Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1295

. . . . . . . . 1296

. . . . . . . . . . 1297

. . . . . . . . . . . 1300

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1300

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1301

. . . . . . . . . . 1302

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1303

. . . . . 1306

Configuring VRRP Features (CLI)

. . . . . . . . . . . 1308

Contents 41

Configuring VRRP Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . 1308

VRRP Configuration Example

VRRP with Load Sharing

Troubleshooting VRRP

VRRP with Route and Interface Tracking Configuring VRRP in a VRF

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1310

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1313

. . . . . 1314

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1317

39 BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1321

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1322

Autonomous Systems

BGP Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1324

Decision Process Overview

Path Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1326

BGP Finite State Machine (FSM) Detecting Loss of Adjacency

Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1331

Outbound Update Groups. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1331

Removing Private AS Numbers

Templates

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1332

Resolving Interface Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . 1334

Originating BGP Routes

Equal Cost Multipath (ECMP)

BGP Next-Hop Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . 1336

Address Aggregation

Routing Policy

Inbound Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1341

Outbound Policy

Routing Policy Changes

BGP Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1343

Communities

Routing Table Overflow

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1324

. . . . . . . . . . . 1324

. . . . . . . . . 1328

. . . . . . . . . . . 1330

. . . . . . . . . . 1332

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1334

. . . . . . . . . . . 1335

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1338

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1340

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1341

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1342

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1344

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1344

42 Contents

Route Reflection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1345

VRF Support

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1346

BGP Neighbor Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 1346

Extended Communities

VPNv4/VRF Route Distribution via MP-BGP

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1346

. . . 1349

IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1352

BGP Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1358

BGP Configuration Examples

Enabling BGP

BGP Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1360

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1361

Network Example BGP Redistribution of OSPF Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1360

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1362

. . . . . . 1363

Configuring the Multi-Exit Discriminator in BGP Advertised Routes

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1364

Configuring Communities in BGP. . . . . . . . . 1365

Configuring a Route Reflector . . . . . . . . . . 1366

Campus Network MP-BGP and OSPF Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1368

Configuring MP-eBGP and Extended Communities

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1384

40 Bidirectional Forwarding

Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1391

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1391

BFD Operational Modes

Asynchronous Mode

Demand Mode

Echo Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1393

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1392

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1392

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1392

Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1393

BFD Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1394

Contents 43

41 IPv6 Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1397

IPv6 Routing Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1397

How Does IPv6 Compare with IPv4?

How Are IPv6 Interfaces Configured?

. . . . . . . 1398

. . . . . . 1398

Default IPv6 Routing Values

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1400

Configuring IPv6 Routing Features (Web) . . . . . . . 1402

Global Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1402

Interface Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1403

Interface Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1404

IPv6 Statistics IPv6 Neighbor Table

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1405

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1406

DHCPv6 Client Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 1407

DHCPv6 Client Statistics IPv6 Router Entry Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1408

. . . . . . . . . 1409

IPv6 Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1410

IPv6 Route Preferences Configured IPv6 Routes

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1411

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1412

Configuring IPv6 Routing Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . 1413

Configuring Global IP Routing Settings

. . . . . . 1413

Configuring IPv6 Interface Settings . . . . . . . 1414

Configuring IPv6 Neighbor Discovery . . . . . . 1415

Configuring IPv6 Route Table Entries and

Route Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1417

IPv6 Show Commands

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1419

44 Contents

IPv6 Static Reject and Discard Routes

IPv6 Router Advertisement Guard

. . . . . . . . . . . 1421

. . . . . . . . 1420

42 DHCPv6 Server and Relay Settings . . . 1425

DHCPv6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1425

What Is a DHCPv6 Pool?

What Is a Stateless Server?

What Is the DHCPv6 Relay Agent

Information Option?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1426

What Is a Prefix Delegation?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1426

. . . . . . . . . . . 1426

Default DHCPv6 Server and Relay Values

. . . . . . . 1427

Configuring the DHCPv6 Server and Relay (Web)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1428

DHCPv6 Global Configuration

DHCPv6 Pool Configuration Prefix Delegation Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . 1428

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1429

. . . . . . . . . 1431

DHCPv6 Pool Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1432

DHCPv6 Interface Configuration DHCPv6 Server Bindings Summary

. . . . . . . . . 1433

. . . . . . . 1435

DHCPv6 Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1436

Configuring the DHCPv6 Server and Relay (CLI)

. . . 1437

Configuring Global DHCP Server and Relay Agent Settings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1437

Configuring a DHCPv6 Pool for Stateless

Server Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1437

Configuring a DHCPv6 Pool for Specific

Hosts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1438

Configuring DHCPv6 Interface Information

Monitoring DHCPv6 Information

DHCPv6 Configuration Examples

. . . . . . . . . . . 1441

Configuring a DHCPv6 Stateless Server

. . . . . . . . . 1440

. . . 1439

. . . . . 1441

Configuring the DHCPv6 Server for

Prefix Delegation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1442

Configuring an Interface as a DHCPv6 Relay Agent

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1442

Contents 45

43 Differentiated Services . . . . . . . . . . . . 1445

DiffServ Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1445

How Does DiffServ Functionality Vary Based on the Role of the Switch?

What Are the Elements of DiffServ Configuration?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1446

. . . . . . . . 1446

Default DiffServ Values

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1447

Configuring DiffServ (Web) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1448

DiffServ Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1448

Class Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1449

Class Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1450

Policy Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1452

Policy Class Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1454

Service Configuration Service Detailed Statistics

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1457

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1458

Flow-Based Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1459

Configuring DiffServ (CLI)

DiffServ Configuration (Global)

DiffServ Class Configuration for IPv4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1460

. . . . . . . . . . 1460

. . . . . . . 1460

DiffServ Class Configuration for IPv6. . . . . . . 1462

DiffServ Policy Creation

DiffServ Policy Attributes Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1463

. . . . . 1464

DiffServ Service Configuration . . . . . . . . . . 1466

DiffServ Configuration Examples . . . . . . . . . . . 1467

Providing Subnets Equal Access to External Network

DiffServ for VoIP

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1467

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1470

46 Contents

44 Class-of-Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1473

CoS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1473

What Are Trusted and Untrusted Port Modes?

How Is Traffic Shaping Used on

Egress Traffic? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1474

How Are Traffic Queues Defined? Which Queue Management Methods

Are Supported?

CoS Queue Usage

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1474

. . . . . . . . 1475

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1475

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1476

Default CoS Values

Configuring CoS (Web)

Mapping Table Configuration

Interface Configuration Interface Queue Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1477

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1478

. . . . . . . . . . 1478

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1480

. . . . . . . . . . 1481

Interface Queue Drop Precedence Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1482

Configuring CoS (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1484

Mapping Table Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . 1484

CoS Interface Configuration Commands . . . . . 1485

Interface Queue Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . 1485

Configuring Interface Queue Drop

Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1487

CoS Configuration Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1488

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1491

WRED

WRED Processing

WRED Drop Probabilities

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1491

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1491

Exponential Weighting Constant . . . . . . . . . 1492

WRED Color-Aware Processing . . . . . . . . . 1492

Simple Meter Implementation . . . . . . . . . . 1493

Single Rate Meter Implementation

. . . . . . . . 1493

Contents 47

Two-Rate Meter Implementation . . . . . . . . . 1494

Explicit Congestion Notification

Enabling ECN in Microsoft Windows

Example 1: SLA Configuration Example 2: Long-Lived Congestion

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1495

. . . . . . . 1496

. . . . . . . . . . 1497

. . . . . . . . 1501

Example 3: Data Center TCP (DCTCP) Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1502

45 Auto VoIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1503

Auto VoIP Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1503

How Does Auto VoIP Use ACLs?

Default Auto VoIP Values

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1504

Configuring Auto VoIP (Web)

Auto VoIP Global Configuration

Auto VoIP Interface Configuration

Configuring Auto VoIP (CLI)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1507

. . . . . . . . . 1504

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1505

. . . . . . . . . . 1505

. . . . . . . . 1505

46 IPv4 and IPv6 Multicast . . . . . . . . . . . . 1509

48 Contents

L3 Multicast Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1509

What Is IP Multicast Traffic?

. . . . . . . . . . . 1510

Multicast Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1510

What Multicast Protocols Does the Switch Support?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1511

What Are the Multicast Protocol Roles? . . . . . 1512

When Is L3 Multicast Required on the Switch?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1512

What Is the Multicast Routing Table? . . . . . . 1513

What Is IGMP? What Is MLD?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1514

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1515

What Is PIM? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1515

What Is DVMRP?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1526

Default L3 Multicast Values

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1528

Configuring General IPv4 Multicast Features (Web)

Multicast Global Configuration

Multicast Interface Configuration Multicast Route Table Multicast Admin Boundary Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1530

. . . . . . . . . . 1530

. . . . . . . . 1531

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1532

. . . . 1533

Multicast Admin Boundary Summary . . . . . . 1534

Multicast Static MRoute Configuration

Multicast Static MRoute Summary

Configuring IPv6 Multicast Features (Web)

IPv6 Multicast Route Table

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1536

Configuring IGMP and IGMP Proxy (Web)

IGMP Global Configuration

IGMP Interface Configuration IGMP Interface Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1537

. . . . . . . . . . 1538

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1539

. . . . . 1534

. . . . . . . . 1535

. . . . . . 1536

. . . . . . 1537

IGMP Cache Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1539

IGMP Interface Source List Information . . . . . 1541

IGMP Proxy Interface Configuration . . . . . . . 1542

IGMP Proxy Configuration Summary IGMP Proxy Interface Membership Info

. . . . . . . 1543

. . . . . 1544

Detailed IGMP Proxy Interface Membership Information

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1545

Configuring MLD and MLD Proxy (Web) . . . . . . . 1546

MLD Global Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1546

MLD Routing Interface Configuration . . . . . . 1547

MLD Routing Interface Summary. . . . . . . . . 1548

MLD Routing Interface Cache Information

. . . . 1548

MLD Routing Interface Source List

Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1549

Contents 49

MLD Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1550

MLD Proxy Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1551

MLD Proxy Configuration Summary . . . . . . . 1552

MLD Proxy Interface Membership Information

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1553

Detailed MLD Proxy Interface Membership Information

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1554

Configuring PIM for IPv4 and IPv6 (Web)

PIM Global Configuration

PIM Global Status

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1555

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1556

PIM Interface Configuration PIM Interface Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1558

. . . . . . . 1555

. . . . . . . . . . . 1557

Candidate RP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . 1559

Static RP Configuration SSM Range Configuration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1561

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1563

BSR Candidate Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . 1565

BSR Candidate Summary

Configuring DVMRP (Web)

DVMRP Global Configuration

DVMRP Interface Configuration DVMRP Configuration Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1566

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1567

. . . . . . . . . . . 1567

. . . . . . . . . 1568

. . . . . . . . . 1569

DVMRP Next Hop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . 1570

DVMRP Prune Summary DVMRP Route Summary

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1571

Configuring L3 Multicast Features (CLI) . . . . . . . . 1572

Configuring and Viewing IPv4 Multicast Information

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1572

Configuring and Viewing IPv6 Multicast Route Information

Configuring and Viewing IGMP Configuring and Viewing IGMP Proxy

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1574

. . . . . . . . . . 1575

. . . . . . 1577

Configuring and Viewing MLD . . . . . . . . . . 1578

Configuring and Viewing MLD Proxy

. . . . . . . 1579

50 Contents

Configuring and Viewing PIM-DM for IPv4

Multicast Routing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1580

Configuring and Viewing PIM-DM for IPv6

Multicast Routing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1581

Configuring and Viewing PIM-SM for IPv4

Multicast Routing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1583

Configuring and Viewing PIM-SM for IPv6 Multicast Routing

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1585

Configuring and Viewing DVMRP Information

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1589

L3 Multicast Configuration Examples

. . . . . . . . . 1590

Configuring Multicast VLAN Routing With IGMP and PIM-SM

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1590

Configuring DVMRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1594

47 Audio Video Bridging . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1595

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1595

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1598

MSRP

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1599

MVRP

MMRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1600

IEEE 802.1AS

Best Master Selection

Time Synchronization

Link Delay Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1605

Caveats and Limitations

AVB Configuration Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1601

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1603

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1604

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1607

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1608

Contents 51

48 OpenFlow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1611

Dell Networking OpenFlow Hybrid Overview. . . . . 1611

Enable Dell Networking OpenFlow Hybrid

Interaction with the OpenFlow Controllers

Deploy OpenFlow Controller Flows

Collect Port and Queue Status and

Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1650

Usage Scenarios

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1650

Eligible Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1650

OpenFlow Hybrid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1651

. . . . 1612

. . . . 1613

. . . . . . . . 1645

Example Configuration

Interaction with Other Switch Functions

OpenSSL

IP Stack

VLANs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1652

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1652

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1651

. . . . . . . 1652

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1652

LAGs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1653

Ports

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1653

Network Interface ARP Table

. . . . . . . . . . 1653

Routing Interface ARP Table . . . . . . . . . . . 1653

QoS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1653

IP Routing, IP Multicast, and Layer-2

Multicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1654

LLDP and Voice VLAN

Limitations, Restrictions, and Assumptions

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1654

. . . . . . 1655

List of OpenFlow—Dell Networking Component Interferences

OpenFlow Configuration Example

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1655

. . . . . . . . . . . 1656

52 Contents

49 Dell Networking Python Support. . . . . 1657

A Feature Limits and Platform

Constants

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1663

B System Process Definitions . . . . . . . . 1675

C Dell SupportAssist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1683

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1687

Contents 53

54 Contents

Introduction

The switches in the Dell Networking N1500, N2000, N3000, and N4000 Series switches Series are stackable layer-2 and layer-3 switches. These switches include the following features:

• 1U form factor, rack-mountable chassis design.

• Support for all data-communication requirements for a multi-layer switch, including layer-2 switching, IPv4 routing, IPv6 routing, IP multicast, quality of service, security, and system management features.

• High availability with hot swappable stack members.

The Dell Networking N-Series includes 17 switch models: N1524, N1524P, N1548, N1548P, N2024, N2024P, N2038, N2048P, N3024, N3024F, N3024P, N3048, N3048P, N4032, N4032F, N4064, N4064F.

NOTE: Switch administrators are strongly advised to maintain Dell Networking

N-Series switches on the latest version of the Dell Networking Operating System. Dell Networking continually improves the features and functions based on feedback from you, the customer. For critical infrastructure, prestaging of the new release into a non-critical portion of the network is recommended to verify network configuration and operation with any new version of Dell Networking N-Series switch firmware.

About This Document

This guide describes how to configure, monitor, and maintain Dell Networking N1500, N2000, N3000, and N4000 Series switches Series switches by using web-based Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator utility or the command-line interface (CLI).

Audience

This guide is for network administrators in charge of managing one or more Dell Networking N-Series switches. To obtain the greatest benefit from this guide, you should have a basic understanding of Ethernet networks and local area network (LAN) concepts.

Introduction 55

Document Conventions

Table 1-1 describes the typographical conventions this document uses.

Table 1-1. Document Conventions

Convention Description

Bold Page names, field names, menu options, button names, and

CLI commands and keywords.

courier font

[ ] In a command line, square brackets indicate an optional

{ } In a command line, inclusive brackets indicate a selection of

Italic

In a command line, indicates a variable.

<Enter> Any individual key on the keyboard.

CTRL + Z A keyboard combination that involves pressing the Z key

Command-line text (CLI output) and file names

entry.

compulsory parameters separated by the | character. One option must be selected. For example: {stp|rstp|mstp} means that for the spanning-tree mode command, stp, rstp, or mstp must be entered.

while holding the CTRL key.

spanning-tree mode

Additional Documentation

The following documents for the Dell Networking N-Series switches are available at www.dell.com/support:

•

Getting Started Guide—

provides information about the switch models in the series, including front and back panel features. It also describes the installation and initial configuration procedures.

•

CLI Reference Guide—

provides information about the command-line interface (CLI) commands used to configure and manage the switch. The document provides in-depth CLI descriptions, syntax, default values, and usage guidelines.

56 Introduction

Switch Feature Overview

This section describes the switch user-configurable software features.

NOTE: Before proceeding, read the release notes for this product. The release

notes are part of the firmware download.

The topics covered in this section include:

• System Management Features

•Stacking Features

• Security Features

• Green Technology Features

• Power over Ethernet (PoE) Plus Features

• Switching Features

• Virtual Local Area Network Supported Features

• Spanning Tree Protocol Features

• Link Aggregation Features

• Routing Features

•IPv6 Routing Features

• Quality of Service (QoS) Features

• Layer-2 Multicast Features

• Layer-3 Multicast Features

Switch Feature Overview 57

System Management Features

Multiple Management Options

Any of the following methods can be used to manage the switch:

• Use a web browser to access the Dell OpenManage Switch Administrator interface. The switch contains an embedded Web server that serves HTML pages. HTTPS over IPv4 or IPv6.

• Use a Telnet client, SSH client, or a direct console connection to access the CLI. The CLI common industry practice. Dell Networking N-Series switches support Telnet and SSH access over IPv4 or IPv6.

• Use a network management system (NMS), like the Dell OpenManage Network Manager, to manage and monitor the system through SNMP. The switch supports

Nearly all switch features support a preconfiguration capability, even when the feature is not enabled or the required hardware is not present. preconfigured capabilities become active only when enabled (typically via an admin mode control) or when the required hardware is present (or both). For example, a port can be pre-configured with both trunk and access mode information. The trunk mode information is applied only when the port is placed into trunk mode and the access mode information is only applied when the port is placed into access mode. Likewise, OSPF routing can be configured in the switch without being enabled on any port. This capability is present in all of the management options.

Dell Networking N-Series switches

syntax and semantics conform as much as possible to

SNMP v1/v2c/v3 over the UDP/IP transport protocol.

support HTTP and

System Time Management

The switch can be configured to obtain the system time and date through a remote Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) server, or the time and date can be set locally on the switch. The time zone and information about time shifts that might occur during summer months can also be configured. When SNTP is used to obtain the time, communications between the switch and the SNTP server can be encrypted.

The Dell Networking SNTP client supports connection to SNTP servers over IPv4 or IPv6.

58 Switch Feature Overview

For information about configuring system time settings, see "Managing General System Settings " on page 389.

Log Messages

The switch maintains in-memory log messages as well as persistent logs. Remote logging can be configured so that the switch sends log messages to a remote syslog server. The switch can also be configured to email log messages to a configured SMTP server. This allows the administrator to receive the log message in a specified e-mail account. Switch auditing messages, CLI command logging, Web logging, and SNMP logging can be enabled or disabled.

Dell Networking N-Series switches support logging to syslog servers over IPv4 or IPv6.

For information about configuring system logging, see "Monitoring and Logging System Information " on page 353.

Integrated DHCP Server

NOTE: This feature is not supported on the Dell Networking N1500 Series

switches.

Dell Networking N-Series switches include an integrated DHCP server that can deliver host-specific configuration information to hosts on the network. The switch DHCP server allows the configuration of IPv4 address pools (scopes), and when a host’s DHCP client requests an address, the switch DHCP server automatically assigns the host an address from the pool.

For information about configuring the DHCP server settings, see "DHCP Server and Relay Settings " on page 1089.

Management of Basic Network Information

The DHCP client on the switch allows the switch to acquire information such as the IPv4 or IPv6 address and default gateway from a network DHCP server. The DHCP client can also be disabled and static network information can be configured instead. Other configurable network information includes a Domain Name Server (DNS), hostname to IP address mapping, and a default domain name.

Switch Feature Overview 59

If the switch detects an IP address conflict on the management interface, it generates a trap and sends a log message.

For information about configuring basic network information, see "Setting the IP Address and Other Basic Network Information " on page 165.

IPv6 Management Features

Dell Networking N-Series switches provide IPv6 support for many standard management features including HTTP, HTTPS/SSL, Telnet, SSH, syslog, SNTP, TFTP, and traceroute on both the in-band and out-of-band management ports.

Dual Software Images

Dell Networking N-Series switches can store up to two software images. The dual image feature enables upgrading the switch without deleting the older software image. One image is designated as the active image and the other image as the backup image.

For information about managing the switch image, see "Images and File Management " on page 469.

File Management

Files, such as configuration files and system images, can be uploaded and downloaded using HTTP (web only), TFTP, Secure FTP (SFTP), or Secure Copy (SCP). Configuration file uploads from the switch to a server are a good way to back up the switch configuration. A configuration file can also be downloaded from a server to the switch to restore the switch to the configuration in the downloaded file.

Files can be copied to and from a USB Flash drive that is plugged into the USB port on the front panel of the switch. Or, the switch can be automatically upgraded by booting it with a newer firmware image on a USB drive plugged in to the switch. Dell Networking N-Series switches support file copy protocols to both IPv4 and IPv6 servers.

For information about uploading, downloading, and copying files, see "Images and File Management " on page 469.

60 Switch Feature Overview

Switch Database Management Templates

Switch Database Management (SDM) templates enable reallocating system resources to support a different mix of features based on network requirements. Dell Networking N-Series switches support the following three templates:

• Dual IPv4 and IPv6 (default)

•IPv4 Routing

• IPv4 Data Center

For information about setting the SDM template, see "Managing General System Settings " on page 389.

Automatic Installation of Firmware and Configuration

The Auto Install feature allows the switch to upgrade or downgrade to a newer software image and update the configuration file automatically during device initialization with limited administrative configuration on the device. If a USB device is connected to the switch and contains a firmware image and/or configuration file, the Auto Install feature installs the image or configuration file from USB device. Otherwise, the switch can obtain the necessary information from a DHCP server on the network.

Switch Feature Overview 61

NOTE: Automatic migration of the startup configuration to the next version of

firmware from the current and previous versions of firmware is supported; the syntax is automatically updated when it is read into the running-config. Check the release notes to determine if any parts of the configuration cannot be migrated. Save the running-config to maintain the updated syntax. Migration of configuration is not assured on a firmware downgrade. When upgrading or downgrading firmware, check the configuration to ensure that it implements the desired configuration. Meta-configuration data (stack-port and slot configuration) is always reset to the defaults on a downgrade on each stack unit. As an example, Ethernet ports configured as stacking ports default back to Ethernet mode on a downgrade.

Migration of configuration information is never assured when errors are shown while the system is booting. Although the errored lines are displayed, commands that enter a sub-configuration mode followed by an exit command cause the CLI to exit Global Configuration mode, and subsequent configuration commands are ignored. Always hand-edit the startup-config if errors are shown on the screen during bootup.

For information about Auto Install, see "DHCP and USB AutoConfiguration " on page 499.

sFlow

sFlow is the standard for monitoring high-speed switched and routed networks. sFlow technology is built into network equipment and gives complete visibility into network activity, enabling effective management and control of network resources. The Dell Networking N-Series switches support sFlow version 5.

For information about configuring managing sFlow settings, see "Monitoring Switch Traffic " on page 519.

SNMP Alarms and Trap Logs

The system logs events with severity codes and timestamps. The events are sent as SNMP traps to a trap recipient list.

For information about configuring SNMP traps and alarms, see "SNMP " on page 433.

62 Switch Feature Overview

CDP Interoperability Through ISDP

Industry Standard Discovery Protocol (ISDP) allows the Dell Networking N-Series switch to interoperate with Cisco devices running the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP). ISDP is a proprietary layer-2 network protocol which inter-operates with Cisco network equipment and is used to share information between neighboring devices (routers, bridges, access servers, and switches).

For information about configuring ISDP settings, see "Discovering Network Devices " on page 825.

Remote Monitoring (RMON)

RMON is a standard Management Information Base (MIB) that defines current and historical MAC-layer statistics and control objects, allowing realtime information to be captured across the entire network.

For information about configuring managing RMON settings, see "Monitoring Switch Traffic " on page 519.

N3000 Series Access and Aggregation Firmware Images

There are two N3000 switch firmware images available. The Access Router image runs on both N3000 and N2000 switches. The image file is named N3000_N2000v This image supports all switch capabilities except for BGP. The number) in the image file name is enumerated starting with 1. N3000 series switches are loaded with the Access Router image in the factory.

The Aggregation Router image runs on N3000 model switches and is named N3000_BGPv starting with 51. The Aggregation Router image supports MP-BGP and all other switch features except for MLAG, MVR, Auto-VoIP, GARP, GVRP, GMRP, iSCSI, and DVLAN (QinQ).

Which image type is installed can be determined by examining the first few lines of the running-config. The following example shows an Aggregation Router (BGP-enabled) firmware.

A.B.C.D

.stk, where A, B, C, and D are the version numbers.

(build

.stk. The D (build number) in the name is enumerated

console#show running-config !Current Configuration: !System Description "Dell Networking N3048, 6.3.0.51, Linux 3.6.5ccbd1338"

Switch Feature Overview 63

!System Software Version 6.3.0.51 !Image File Name N3000_BGPv6.3.0.51.stk !Software Capability AGGREGATION ROUTER

When migrating between the two types of images, certain commands in the startup-config may fail to execute because the relevant feature is not available. The switch firmware will identify any failed commands. It is necessary to edit the startup-config if errors are displayed and remove any failed commands. Do not simply save the running-config when commands in the startup-config fail, as the startup-config may contain modal commands that enter into a sub-mode not supported by the firmware. The exit command to exit the sub-mode may, in fact, exit Global Configuration mode, causing all subsequent commands to fail, even though those commands may be valid.

64 Switch Feature Overview

Stacking Features

For information about creating and maintaining a stack of switches, see "Stacking " on page 193.

High Stack Count

The Dell Networking N2000, N3000, and N4000 Series switches include a stacking feature that allows up to 12 switches to operate as a single unit. The Dell Networking N1500 switches allows stack configuration up to 4 units. The Dell Networking N2000 and N3000 Series switches have two fixed mini-SAS stacking connectors at the rear. Dell Networking N2000 Series switches will stack with other Dell Networking N2000 Series switches and Dell Networking N3000 Series switches stack with other Dell Networking N3000 Series switches.

Dell Networking N1500 Series switches stack with other Dell Networking N1500 Series switches over front-panel ports configured for stacking. Dell Networking N4000 Series switches stack with other Dell Networking N4000 Series switches over front-panel ports configured for stacking.

Single IP Management

When multiple switches are connected together through the stack ports, they operate as a single unit with a larger port count. The stack operates and is managed as a single entity. One switch acts as the master, and the entire stack is managed through the management interface (Web, CLI, or SNMP) of the stack master.

Master Failover with Transparent Transition

The stacking feature supports a stack master role if the stack master fails. As soon as a stack master failure is detected, the standby unit initializes the control plane and enables all other stack units with the current configuration. The standby unit maintains a synchronized copy of the running configuration for the stack.

standby

or backup unit that assumes the

Switch Feature Overview 65

Nonstop Forwarding on the Stack

The Nonstop Forwarding (NSF) feature allows the forwarding plane of stack units to continue to forward packets while the control and management planes restart as a result of a power failure, hardware failure, or software fault on the stack master and allows the standby switch to quickly takeover as the master.

Hot Add/Delete and Firmware Synchronization

Units can be added to and deleted from the stack without cycling the power on the stack. Units to be added to the stack must be powered off prior to cabling into the stack to avoid election of a new master unit and a possible downgrade of the stack. When the newly added unit is powered on, the Stack Firmware Synchronization feature, if enabled, automatically synchronizes the firmware version with the version running on the stack master. The synchronization operation may result in either an upgrade or a downgrade of firmware on the mismatched stack member. Once the firmware is synchronized on a member unit, the running-config on the member is updated to match the master switch. The startup-config on the standby and member switches is not updated to match the master switch due to configuration changes on the master switch. Saving the startup config on the master switch also saves it to the startup config on all the other stack members. The hardware configuration of every switch is updated to match the master switch (unit number, slot configuration, stack member number, etc.).

NOTE: ALWAYS POWER OFF a unit to be added to a stack prior to cabling it into

the stack. Newly added units must be powered on one-at-a-time beginning with the unit directly connected to an already powered on stack member.

66 Switch Feature Overview

Security Features

Configurable Access and Authentication Profiles

Rules can be configured to limit access to the switch management interface based on criteria such as access type and source IP address of the management host. The user can also be required to be authenticated locally or by an external server, such as a RADIUS server.

For information about configuring access and authentication profiles, see "Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting " on page 229.

Password-Protected Management Access

Access to the Web, CLI, and SNMP management interfaces is password protected, and there are no default users on the system.

For information about configuring local user accounts, see "Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting " on page 229.

Strong Password Enforcement

The Strong Password feature enforces a baseline password strength for all locally administered users. Password strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting guessing and brute-force attacks. The strength of a password is a function of length, complexity and randomness. Using strong passwords lowers overall risk of a security breach.

For information about configuring password settings, see "Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting " on page 229.

TACACS+ Client

The switch has a TACACS+ client. TACACS+ provides centralized security for validation of users accessing the switch. TACACS+ provides a centralized user management system while still retaining consistency with RADIUS and other authentication processes.

For information about configuring TACACS+ client settings, see "Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting " on page 229.

Switch Feature Overview 67

RADIUS Support

The switch has a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) client and can support up to 32 named authentication and accounting RADIUS servers. The switch also supports RADIUS Attribute 4, which is the configuration of a NAS-IP address. The switch can also be configured to accept RADIUS-assigned VLANs.

For information about configuring RADIUS client settings, see "Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting " on page 229.

SSH/SSL

The switch supports Secure Shell (SSH) for secure, remote connections to the CLI and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) to increase security when accessing the web-based management interface. The SSH server can be enabled or disabled using the ip ssh command.

For information about configuring SSH and SSL settings, see "Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting " on page 229.

Inbound Telnet Control

By default, the switch allows access over Telnet. The administrator can enable or disable the Telnet server using the ip telnet command. Additionally, the Telnet port number is configurable using the same command.

For information about configuring inbound Telnet settings, see "Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting " on page 229.

Denial of Service

The switch supports configurable Denial of Service (DoS) attack protection for eight different types of attacks.

For information about configuring DoS settings, see "Port and System Security " on page 623.

68 Switch Feature Overview

Port Protection

A port may be put into the error-disabled state for any of the following reasons:

• BPDU Storm: By default, if Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) bridge protocol data units (BPDUs) are received at a rate of 15pps or greater for three consecutive seconds on a port, the port will be error-disabled. The threshold is not configurable.

• Broadcast, Multicast, Unicast Storm: If broadcast, unknown multicast, or unknown unicast packets are received at a rate greater than the configured limit and the configured action is to disable the port, the port will be errordisabled. Storm control is not enabled by default. See the commands for further information. A trap is issued for ports disabled by Storm Control.

• DHCP Rate Limit: If DHCP packets are received on a port at a rate that exceeds 15 pps, the port will be error-disabled. The threshold is configurable up to 300 pps for up to 15s long using the

limit

command. DHCP snooping is disabled by default. The default protection limit is 15 pps. A trap is issued for interfaces disabled by DHCP Snooping.

• DoS: Interfaces on which a denial of service attack is detected are errordisabled. Refer to the

• ARP Inspection: By default, if Dynamic ARP Inspection packets are received on a port at a rate that exceeds 15 pps for 1 second, the port will be error-disabled. The threshold is configurable up to 300 pps and the burst is configurable up to 15s long using the command. A trap is issued for interfaces disabled by Dynamic ARP Inspection.

• SFP Mismatch: Insertion of an unsupported SFP transceiver will errordisable the interface. This behavior can be suppressed using the

unsupported-transceiver

• SFP+ transceivers: SFP+ transceivers are not compatible with SFP slots (N3024F front-panel ports). To avoid damage to SFP+ transceivers mistakenly inserted into SFP ports, the SFP port is error-disabled when an SFP+ transceiver is detected.

• UDLD: Interfaces on which unidirectional packet flow is detected are error-disabled.

dos-control

command.

command for configuration options.

ip arp inspection limit

storm-control

ip dhcp snooping

service

Switch Feature Overview 69

• ICMP storms: Ports on which ICMP storms are detected are errordisabled. The rate limit and burst sizes are configurable separately for IPv4 and IPv6.

• PML: Interfaces on which the port security violation is configured to shut down the interface are error-disabled when a violation occurs.

• Loop Protect: Loop protection diagnostically disables ports on which a loop is detected. A log message may be issued when a port is disabled by Loop Protection.

• BPDU Guard: An interface that receives a BPDU with BPDU guard enabled is error-disabled. Use the command to enable BPDU guard.

A port that is error-disabled may be returned to service using the no shutdown command. Alternatively, the operator may configure the auto recovery service to return the error disabled ports to service after a configurable period of time. Refer to the errdisable recovery command for more information.

spanning-tree bpdu-protection

Captive Portal

The Captive Portal feature blocks clients from accessing the network until user verification has been established. When a user attempts to connect to the network through the switch, the user is presented with a customized Web page that might contain username and password fields or the acceptable use policy. Users can be required to be authenticated by a local or remote RADIUS database before access is granted.

For information about configuring the Captive Portal features, see "Captive Portal " on page 313.

802.1X Authentication (IEEE 802.1X)

802.1X authentication enables the authentication of system users through a local internal server or an external server. Only authenticated and approved system users can transmit and receive frames over the port. Supplicants are authenticated using the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP). EAPMD5 authentication with no privacy protocol is supported for switchinitiated (server-side) authentication to remote authentication servers. Local (IAS) authentication and MAB authentication support EAP-MD5 only. Encrypted communication with authentication servers is not supported;

70 Switch Feature Overview

however, the switch will transport encrypted packets, such as PEAP or EAPTLS packets, between the supplicant and authentication server in support of mutual authentication and privacy.

For information about configuring IEEE 802.1X settings, see "Port and System Security " on page 623.

MAC-Based 802.1X Authentication

MAC-based authentication allows multiple supplicants connected to the same port to each authenticate individually. For example, a system attached to the port might be required to authenticate in order to gain access to the network, while a VoIP phone might not need to authenticate in order to send voice traffic through the port.

For information about configuring MAC-based 802.1X authentication, see "Port and System Security " on page 623.

802.1X Monitor Mode

Monitor mode can be enabled in conjunction with 802.1X authentication to allow network access even when the user fails to authenticate. The switch logs the results of the authentication process for diagnostic purposes. The main purpose of this mode is to help troubleshoot the configuration of a 802.1X authentication on the switch without affecting the network access to the users of the switch.

For information about enabling the 802.1X Monitor mode, see "Port and System Security " on page 623.

MAC-Based Port Security

The port security feature limits access on a port to users with specific MAC addresses. These addresses are manually defined or learned on that port. When a frame is seen on a locked port, and the frame source MAC address is not tied to that port, the protection mechanism is invoked.

For information about configuring MAC-based port security, see "Port and System Security " on page 623.

Switch Feature Overview 71

Access Control Lists (ACLs)

Access Control Lists (ACLs) can help to ensure network availability for legitimate users while blocking attempts to access the network by unauthorized users or to restrict legitimate users from accessing the network. ACLs may be used to provide traffic flow control, restrict contents of routing updates, decide which types of traffic are forwarded or blocked, and above all, provide some level of security for the network. The switch supports the following ACL types:

•IPv4 ACLs

•IPv6 ACLs

• MAC ACLs

For all ACL types, the ACL rule can be configured to filter traffic when a packet enters or exits the Ethernet port, LAG, or VLAN interface. ACLs work only on switched ports. They do not operate on the out-of-band port.

ACLs can be used to implement policy-based routing (PBR) to implement packet routing according to specific organizational policies.

For information about configuring ACLs and PBR, see "Access Control Lists " on page 629.

Time-Based ACLs

With the Time-based ACL feature, the administrator can define when an ACL is in effect and the amount of time it is in effect.

For information about configuring time-based ACLs, see "Access Control Lists " on page 629.

IP Source Guard (IPSG)

IP source guard (IPSG) is a security feature that filters IP packets based on the source ID. The source ID may either be source IP address or a source IP address source MAC address pair as found in the local DHCP snooping database. IPSG depends on DHCP Snooping to associate IP address with MAC addresses.

For information about configuring IPSG, see "Snooping and Inspecting Traffic " on page 943.

72 Switch Feature Overview

DHCP Snooping

DHCP Snooping is a security feature that monitors DHCP messages between a DHCP client and DHCP server. It filters harmful DHCP messages and builds a bindings database of (MAC address, IP address, VLAN ID, port) tuples that are specified as authorized. DHCP snooping can be enabled globally and on specific VLANs. Ports within the VLAN can be configured to be trusted or untrusted. DHCP servers must be reached through trusted ports.

For information about configuring DHCP Snooping, see "Snooping and Inspecting Traffic " on page 943.

Dynamic ARP Inspection

Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI) is a security feature that rejects invalid and malicious ARP packets. The feature prevents a class of man-in-the-middle attacks, where an unfriendly station intercepts traffic for other stations by poisoning the ARP caches of its unsuspecting neighbors. The malicious station sends ARP requests or responses mapping another station's IP address to its own MAC address.

Dynamic ARP Inspection relies on DHCP Snooping.

For information about configuring DAI, see "Snooping and Inspecting Traffic " on page 943.

Protected Ports (Private VLAN Edge)

Private VLAN Edge (PVE) ports are a layer-2 security feature that provides port-based security between ports that are members of the same VLAN. It is an extension of the common VLAN. Traffic from protected ports is sent only to the uplink ports and cannot be sent to other ports within the VLAN.

For information about configuring IPSG, see "Port-Based Traffic Control " on page 849.

Switch Feature Overview 73

Green Technology Features

For information about configuring Green Technology features, see "Port Characteristics " on page 591.

Energy Detect Mode

When the Energy Detect mode is enabled and the port link is down, the PHY automatically goes down for short period of time and then wakes up periodically to check link pulses. This mode reduces power consumption on the port when no link partner is present. Energy Detect is proprietary and operates independently from EEE.

Energy Efficient Ethernet

The switch supports the IEEE 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) Lower Power Idle Mode, which enables both the send and receive sides of the link to disable some functionality for power savings when the link is lightly loaded. EEE is standardized and operates independently of Energy Detect.

EEE and Energy Detect are supported on the Dell Networking N1500, N2000, and N3000 Series 1G copper ports. EEE and energy detect are supported on the Dell Networking N4000 Series 10G copper ports.

EEE and Energy Detect are disabled by default on the Dell Networking N2000 and N3000 Series copper ports. Energy Detect is enabled by default on the Dell Networking N4000 Series switches and cannot be disabled. EEE is disabled by default on the Dell Networking N4000 Series 10G copper ports.

Power Utilization Reporting

The switch displays the current power consumption of the power supply (or power supplies). This information is available from the management interface.

74 Switch Feature Overview

Power over Ethernet (PoE) Plus Features

NOTE: The Dell Networking N1524P/N1548P, N2024P/N2048P, and

N3024P/N3048P switches support PoE Plus and UPOE on selected ports. The PoE Plus and UPOE features do not apply to the other models in the Dell Networking N2000/N3000/N4000 Series.

For information about configuring PoE Plus features, see "Managing General System Settings " on page 389.

Power Over Ethernet (PoE) Plus Configuration

The Dell Networking N1524P/N1548P, N2024P/N2048P and N3024P/N3048P switches support PoE Plus configuration for power threshold, power priority, SNMP traps, and PoE legacy device support. PoE can be administratively enabled or disabled on a per-port basis. Power can also be limited on a perport basis.

PoE Plus Support

The Dell Networking N1524P/N1548P, N2024P/N2048P and N3024P/N3048P switches implement the PoE Plus specification (IEEE 802.1at), in addition to the IEEE 802.3AF specification). This allows power to be supplied to Class 4 PD devices that require power greater than 15.4 Watts. Each port is capable of delivering up to 34.2W of power. Real-time power supply status is also available on the switch as part of the PoE Plus implementation.

UPOE Support

The Dell Networking N3024P/N3048P switches implement 4-pair Universal Power over Ethernet (UPOE) on the first 12 ports. This allows power to be supplied to Class 5 powered devices that require power up to 60 watts. UPOE power must be configured manually. The N1424P/N1548P/N2024P/N2048P switches do not support UPOE. High-power mode must be enabled in addition to four-par forced mode for the switch to deliver power on all four pairs. Class D or better cabling is required for feeds in excess of 34.2 watts. Normally, CAT 5E cabling does meet this requirement.

Switch Feature Overview 75

Switching Features

Flow Control Support (IEEE 802.3x)

Flow control enables lower speed switches to communicate with higher speed switches by requesting that the higher speed switch refrain from sending packets for a limited period of time. Transmissions are temporarily halted to prevent buffer overflows.

For information about configuring flow control, see "Port-Based Traffic Control " on page 849.

Head of Line Blocking Prevention

Head of Line (HOL) blocking prevention prevents traffic delays and frame loss caused by traffic competing for the same egress port resources. HOL blocking queues packets, and the packets at the head of the queue are forwarded before packets at the end of the queue.

Alternate Store and Forward (ASF)

NOTE: This feature is available on the Dell Networking N4000 Series switches

only.

The Alternate Store and Forward (ASF) feature reduces latency for large packets. When ASF is enabled, the memory management unit (MMU) can forward a packet to the egress port before it has been entirely received on the Cell Buffer Pool (CBP) memory.

AFS, which is also known as cut-through mode, is configurable through the command-line interface. For information about how to configure the AFS feature, see the

CLI Reference Guide

available at www.dell.com/support.

Jumbo Frames Support

Jumbo frames enable transporting data in fewer frames to ensure less overhead, lower processing time, and fewer interrupts.

For information about configuring the switch MTU, see "Port Characteristics " on page 591.

76 Switch Feature Overview

Auto-MDI/MDIX Support

The switch supports auto-detection between crossed and straight-through cables. Media-Dependent Interface (MDI) is the standard wiring for end stations, and the standard wiring for hubs and switches is known as MediaDependent Interface with Crossover (MDIX). Auto-negotiation must be enabled for MDIX to detect the wiring configuration.

VLAN-Aware MAC-based Switching

Packets arriving from an unknown source address are sent to the CPU and added to the Hardware Table. Future packets addressed to or from this address are more efficiently forwarded.

Back Pressure Support

On half-duplex links, a receiver may prevent buffer overflows by jamming the link so that it is unavailable for additional traffic. On full-duplex links, a receiver may send a PAUSE frame indicating that the transmitter should cease transmission of frames for a specified period.

NOTE: Dell Networking N2000/N3000/N4000 Series switches do not support half-

duplex operation.

When flow control is enabled, the Dell Networking N-Series switches will observe received PAUSE frames or jamming signals, but will not issue them when congested.

Auto-negotiation

Auto-negotiation allows the switch to advertise modes of operation. The auto-negotiation function provides the means to exchange information between two switches that share a point-to-point link segment and to automatically configure both switches to take maximum advantage of their transmission capabilities.

Dell Networking N-Series switches enhance auto-negotiation by providing configuration of port advertisement. Port advertisement allows the system administrator to configure the port speeds that are advertised.

For information about configuring auto-negotiation, see "Port Characteristics " on page 591.

Switch Feature Overview 77

Storm Control

When layer-2 frames are processed, broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast frames are flooded to all ports on the relevant virtual local area network (VLAN). The flooding occupies bandwidth and loads all nodes connected on all ports. Storm control limits the amount of broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast frames accepted and forwarded by the switch.

For information about configuring Broadcast Storm Control settings, see "Port-Based Traffic Control " on page 849.

Port Mirroring

Port mirroring mirrors network traffic by forwarding copies of incoming and outgoing packets from multiple source ports to a monitoring port. Source ports may be VLANs, Ethernet interfaces, port-channels, or the CPU port. The switch also supports flow-based mirroring, which allows copying certain types of traffic to a single destination port. This provides flexibility—instead of mirroring all ingress or egress traffic on a port the switch can mirror a subset of that traffic. The switch can be configured to mirror flows based on certain kinds of layer-2, layer-3, and layer-4 information.

Dell Networking N-Series switches support RSPAN destinations where traffic can be tunneled across the operational network. RSPAN does not support configuration of the CPU port as a source.

For information about configuring port mirroring, see "Monitoring Switch Traffic " on page 519.

Static and Dynamic MAC Address Tables

Static entries can be added to the switch’s MAC address table and the aging time can be configured for entries in the dynamic MAC address table. Entries can also be searched in the dynamic table based on several different criteria.

For information about viewing and managing the MAC address table, see "MAC Addressing and Forwarding " on page 1083.

78 Switch Feature Overview

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)

The IEEE 802.1AB defined standard, Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP), allows the switch to advertise major capabilities and physical descriptions. This information can be used to help identify system topology and detect bad configurations on the LAN.

For information about configuring LLDP, settings see "Discovering Network Devices " on page 825.

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) for Media Endpoint Devices

The Link Layer Discovery Protocol for Media Endpoint Devices (LLDPMED) provides an extension to the LLDP standard for network configuration and policy, device location, and Power over Ethernet.

For information about configuring LLDP-MED, settings see "Discovering Network Devices " on page 825.

Connectivity Fault Management (IEEE 802.1ag)

NOTE: This feature is available on the Dell Networking N4000 Series switches

only.

The Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) feature, also known as Dot1ag, supports Service Level Operations, Administration, and Management (OAM). CFM is the OAM Protocol provision for end-to-end service layer instance in carrier networks. The CFM feature provides mechanisms to help perform connectivity checks, fault detection, fault verification and isolation, and fault notification per service in a network domain.

For information about configuring IEEE 802.1ag settings, see "Connectivity Fault Management " on page 923.

Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)

NOTE: This feature is available on the Dell Networking N4000 Series switches

only.

The Priority-based Flow Control feature allows the switch to pause or inhibit transmission of individual priorities within a single Ethernet link. By configuring PFC to pause a congested priority (priorities) independently,

Switch Feature Overview 79

protocols that are highly loss sensitive can share the same link with traffic that has different loss tolerances. Priorities are differentiated by the priority field of the 802.1Q VLAN header. The Dell Networking N4000 Series switches support lossless transport of frames on up to two priority classes.

NOTE: An interface that is configured for PFC is automatically disabled for 802.3x

flow control.

For information about configuring the PFC feature, see "Data Center Bridging Features " on page 1051.

Data Center Bridging Exchange (DBCx) Protocol

NOTE: This feature is available on the Dell Networking N4000 Series switches

only.

The Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx) is used by DCB devices to exchange configuration information with directly connected peers. The protocol is also used to detect misconfiguration of the peer DCB devices and, optionally, for configuration of peer DCB devices. For information about configuring DCBx settings, see "Data Center Bridging Features " on page 1051. DCBx is a link-local protocol and operates only on individual links.

Enhanced Transmission Selection

NOTE: This feature is available on the Dell Networking N4000 Series switches

only.

Enhanced Transmission Selection (ETS) allows the switch to allocate bandwidth to traffic classes and share unused bandwidth with lower-priority traffic classes while coexisting with strict-priority traffic classes. ETS is supported on the Dell Networking N4000 Series switches and can be configured manually or automatically using the auto configuration feature. For more information about ETS, see "Enhanced Transmission Selection " on page 1067.

80 Switch Feature Overview

Cisco Protocol Filtering

The Cisco Protocol Filtering feature (also known as Link Local Protocol Filtering) filters Cisco protocols that should not normally be relayed by a bridge. The group addresses of these Cisco protocols do not fall within the IEEE defined range of the 802.1D MAC Bridge Filtered MAC Group Addresses (01-80-C2-00-00-00 to 01-80-C2-00-00-0F).

For information about configuring LLPF, settings see "Port-Based Traffic Control " on page 849.

DHCP Layer-2 Relay

This feature permits layer-3 relay agent functionality in layer-2 switched networks. The switch supports layer-2 DHCP relay configuration on individual ports, link aggregation groups (LAGs) and VLANs.

For information about configuring layer-2 DHCP relay settings see "Layer-2 and Layer-3 Relay Features " on page 1157.

Switch Feature Overview 81

Virtual Local Area Network Supported Features

For information about configuring VLAN features see "VLANs " on page 701.

VLAN Support

VLANs are collections of switching ports that comprise a single broadcast domain. Packets are classified as belonging to a VLAN based on either the VLAN tag or a combination of the ingress port and packet contents. Packets sharing common attributes can be groups in the same VLAN. The Dell Networking N-Series switches are in full compliance with IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagging.

Port-Based VLANs

Port-based VLANs classify incoming packets to VLANs based on their ingress port. When a port uses 802.1X port authentication, packets can be assigned to a VLAN based on the result of the 802.1X authentication a client uses when it accesses the switch. This feature is useful for assigning traffic to Guest VLANs or Voice VLANs.

IP Subnet-based VLAN

This feature allows incoming untagged packets to be assigned to a VLAN and traffic class based on the source IP address of the packet.

MAC-based VLAN

This feature allows incoming untagged packets to be assigned to a VLAN and traffic class based on the source MAC address of the packet.

IEEE 802.1v Protocol-Based VLANs

VLAN classification rules are defined on data-link layer (layer-2) protocol identification. Protocol-based VLANs are used for isolating layer-2 traffic.

GARP and GVRP Support

NOTE: GARP, GVRP, and GMRP are not available when running the

AGGREGATION ROUTER image.

82 Switch Feature Overview

The switch supports the Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP). GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) relies on the services provided by GARP to provide IEEE 802.1Q-compliant VLAN pruning and dynamic VLAN creation on 802.1Q trunk ports. When GVRP is enabled, the switch registers and propagates VLAN membership on all ports that are part of the active spanning tree protocol topology.

For information about configuring GARP timers see "Layer-2 Multicast Features " on page 867.

Voice VLAN

The Voice VLAN feature enables switch ports to carry voice traffic with a configured priority. The priority level enables the separation of voice and data traffic transiting the switch. Voice VLAN is the preferred solution for enterprises wishing to deploy VoIP services in their network.

Guest VLAN

The Guest VLAN feature allows the administrator to provide service to unauthenticated users, i.e., users that are unable to support 802.1X authentication.

For information about configuring the Guest VLAN see "Port and System Security " on page 623.

Unauthorized VLAN

The Unauthorized VLAN feature allows the administrator to configure a VLAN for 802.1X-aware hosts that attempt authentication and fail.

Double VLANs

NOTE: DVLAN is not available on the N3000 running the AGREGATION ROUTER

image.

The Double VLAN feature (IEEE 802.1QinQ) allows the use of a second tag on network traffic. The additional tag helps differentiate between customers in the Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) while preserving individual customer’s VLAN identification when they enter their own 802.1Q domain.

Switch Feature Overview 83

Spanning Tree Protocol Features

For information about configuring Spanning Tree Protocol features, see "Spanning Tree Protocol " on page 779.

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1D) is a standard requirement of layer-2 switches that allows bridges to automatically prevent and resolve layer-2 forwarding loops.

Spanning Tree Port Settings

The STP feature supports a variety of per-port settings including path cost, priority settings, Port Fast mode, STP Root Guard, Loop Guard, TCN Guard, and Auto Edge. These settings are also configurable per-LAG.

Rapid Spanning Tree

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) detects and uses network topologies to enable faster spanning tree convergence after a topology change, without creating forwarding loops. The port settings supported by STP are also supported by RSTP.

Multiple Spanning Tree

Multiple Spanning Tree (MSTP) operation maps VLANs to spanning tree instances. Packets assigned to various VLANs are transmitted along different paths within MSTP Regions (MST Regions). Regions are one or more interconnected MSTP bridges with identical MSTP settings. The MSTP standard lets administrators assign VLAN traffic to unique paths.

The switch supports IEEE 802.1Q-2005, which corrects problems associated with the previous version, provides for faster transition-to-forwarding, and incorporates new features for a port (restricted role and restricted TCN).

84 Switch Feature Overview

Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) Guard

Spanning Tree BPDU Guard is used to disable the port in case a new device tries to enter the already existing topology of STP. Thus devices, which were originally not a part of STP, are not allowed to influence the STP topology.

BPDU Filtering

When spanning tree is disabled on a port, the BPDU Filtering feature allows BPDU packets received on that port to be dropped. Additionally, the BPDU Filtering feature prevents a port in Port Fast mode from sending and receiving BPDUs. A port in Port Fast mode is automatically placed in the forwarding state when the link is up to increase convergence time.

RSTP-PV and STP-PV

Dell Networking N-Series switches support both Rapid Spanning Tree Per VLAN (RSTP-PV) and Spanning Tree Per VLAN (STP-PV). RSTP-PV is the IEEE 802.1w (RSTP) standard implemented per VLAN. A single instance of rapid spanning tree (RSTP) runs on each configured VLAN. Each RSTP instance on a VLAN has a root switch. STP-PV is the IEEE 802.1s (STP) standard implemented per VLAN.

Switch Feature Overview 85

Link Aggregation Features

For information about configuring link aggregation (port-channel) features, see "Link Aggregation " on page 979.

Link Aggregation

Up to eight ports can combine to form a single Link Aggregation Group (LAG). This enables fault tolerance protection from physical link disruption, higher bandwidth connections and improved bandwidth granularity. LAGs are formed from similarly configured physical links; i.e., the speed, duplex, auto-negotiation, PFC configuration, DCBX configuration, etc., must be compatible on all member links.

Per IEEE 802.1AX, only links with the identical operational characteristics, such as speed and duplex setting, may be aggregated. Dell Networking N-Series switches aggregate links only if they have the same operational speed and duplex setting, as opposed to the configured speed and duplex setting. This allows operators to aggregate links that use auto-negotiation to set values for speed and duplex or to aggregate ports with SFP+ technology operating at a lower speed, e.g., 1G. Dissimilar ports will not become active in the LAG if their operational settings do not match those of the first member of the LAG.

In practice, some ports in a LAG may auto-negotiate a different operational speed than other ports depending on the far-end settings and any link impairments. Per the above, these ports will not become active members of the LAG. On a reboot or on flapping the LAG links, a lower-speed port may be the first port selected to be aggregated into the LAG. In this case, the higher-speed ports are not aggregated. Use the lacp port-priority command to select one or more primary links to lead the formation of the aggregation group.

While it is a requirement of a port-channel that the link members operate at the same duplex and speed settings, administrators should be aware that copper ports have larger latencies than fiber ports. If fiber and copper ports are aggregated together, packets sent over the fiber ports would arrive significantly sooner at the destination than packets sent over the copper ports. This can cause significant issues in the receiving host (e.g., a TCP receiver) as it would be required to buffer a potentially large number of out-

86 Switch Feature Overview

of-order frames. Devices unable to buffer the requisite number of frames will show excessive frame discard. Configuring copper and fiber ports together in an aggregation group is not recommended.

Link Aggregate Control Protocol (LACP)

Link Aggregate Control Protocol (LACP) uses peer exchanges across links to determine, on an ongoing basis, the aggregation capability of various links, and continuously provides the maximum level of aggregation capability achievable between a given pair of systems. LACP automatically determines, configures, binds, and monitors the binding of ports to aggregators within the system.

Multi-Switch LAG (MLAG)

NOTE: This feature is not available on Dell Networking N1500 Series switches. It

is also not available on N3000 Series switches running the AGGREGATION ROUTER image.

Dell Networking N-Series switches support the MLAG feature to extend the LAG bandwidth advantage across multiple Dell Networking N-Series switches connected to a LAG partner device. The LAG partner device is unaware that it is connected to two peer Dell Networking N-Series switches; instead, the two switches appear as a single switch to the partner. When using MLAG, all links can carry data traffic across a physically diverse topology and, in the case of a link or switch failure, traffic can continue to flow with minimal disruption.

Switch Feature Overview 87

Routing Features

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Table Management

Static ARP entries can created and many settings for the dynamic ARP table can be managed, such as age time for entries, retries, and cache size.

For information about managing the ARP table, see "IP Routing " on page 1115.

VLAN Routing

Dell Networking N-Series switches support VLAN routing. The software can also be configured to allow traffic on a VLAN to be treated as if the VLAN were a router port.

For information about configuring VLAN routing interfaces, see "Routing Interfaces " on page 1141.

IP Configuration

The switch IP configuration settings to allow the configuration of network information for VLAN routing interfaces such as IP address and subnet mask, and ICMP redirects. Global IP configuration settings for the switch allow enabling or disabling the generation of several types of ICMP messages and enabling or disabling the routing mode.

For information about managing global IP settings, see "IP Routing " on page 1115.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

NOTE: This feature is not available on Dell Networking N1500 Series switches.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a dynamic routing protocol commonly used within medium-to-large enterprise networks. OSPF is an interior gateway protocol (IGP) that operates within a single autonomous system.

For information about configuring OSPF, see "OSPF and OSPFv3 " on page 1181.

88 Switch Feature Overview

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

NOTE: This feature is not available on Dell Networking N1500 and N2000 Series

switches. It is also not available on N3000 Series switches running the ACCESS ROUTER image.

BGP is a protocol used for exchanging reachability information between autonomous systems. BGP uses a standardized decision process, which, when used in conjunction with network policies configured by the administrator, support a robust set of capabilities for managing the distribution of routing information.

Dell Networking supports BGP4 configured as an IGP or an EGP. As an IGP, configuration as a source or client route reflector is supported. Both IPv6 and IPv4 peering sessions are supported.

For more information about configuring BGP, see "BGP " on page 1321.

Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF)

NOTE: This feature is not available on Dell Networking N1500 and N2000 Series

switches.

VRF allows multiple independent instances of the forwarding plane to exist simultaneously. This allows segmenting the network without incurring the costs of multiple routers. Each VRF instance operates as an independent VPN. The IP addresses assigned to each VPN may overlap. Static route leaking to and from the global instance is supported. VLANs associated with a VRF may not overlap with other VRF instances.

For more information about configuring VRFs, see "VRF " on page 1273.

Switch Feature Overview 89

BOOTP/DHCP Relay Agent

The switch BootP/DHCP Relay Agent feature relays BootP and DHCP messages between DHCP clients and DHCP servers that are located in different IP subnets.

For information about configuring the BootP/DHCP Relay agent, see "Layer2 and Layer-3 Relay Features " on page 1157.

IP Helper and UDP Relay

The IP Helper and UDP Relay features provide the ability to relay various protocols to servers on a different subnet.

For information about configuring the IP helper and UDP relay features, see "Layer-2 and Layer-3 Relay Features " on page 1157.

Routing Information Protocol

Routing Information Protocol (RIP), like OSPF, is an IGP used within an autonomous Internet system. RIP is an IGP that is designed to work with moderate-size networks.

For information about configuring RIP, see "RIP " on page 1279.

Router Discovery

For each interface, the Router Discovery Protocol (RDP) can be configured to transmit router advertisements. These advertisements inform hosts on the local network about the presence of the router.

For information about configuring router discovery, see "IP Routing " on page 1115.

Routing Table

The routing table displays information about the routes that have been dynamically learned. Static and default routes and route preferences can be configured. A separate table shows the routes that have been manually configured.

For information about viewing the routing table, see "IP Routing " on page 1115.

90 Switch Feature Overview

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)

NOTE: This feature is not available on Dell Networking N2000 Series switches.

VRRP provides hosts with redundant routers in the network topology without any need for the hosts to reconfigure or know that there are multiple routers. If the primary (master) router fails, a secondary router assumes control and continues to use the virtual router IP (VRIP) address.

VRRP Route Interface Tracking extends the capability of VRRP to allow tracking of specific route/interface IP states within the router that can alter the priority level of a virtual router for a VRRP group.

For information about configuring VRRP settings, see "VRRP " on page 1295.

Tunnel and Loopback Interfaces

NOTE: This feature is not available on Dell Networking N1500 and N2000 Series

switches.

Dell Networking N-Series switches support the creation, deletion, and management of tunnel and loopback interfaces. Tunnel interfaces facilitate the transition of IPv4 networks to IPv6 networks. A loopback interface is always expected to be up, so a stable IP address can be configured to enable other network devices to contact or identify the switch.

For information about configuring tunnel and loopback interfaces, see "Routing Interfaces " on page 1141.

Switch Feature Overview 91

IPv6 Routing Features

NOTE: This feature is not available on Dell Networking N1500 and N2000 Series

switches.

IPv6 Configuration

The switch supports IPv6, the next generation of the Internet Protocol. IPv6 can be globally enabled on the switch and settings such as the IPv6 hop limit and ICMPv6 rate limit error interval can be configured. The administrator can also control whether IPv6 is enabled on a specific interface. The switch supports the configuration of many per-interface IPv6 settings including the IPv6 prefix and prefix length.

For information about configuring general IPv6 routing settings, see "IPv6 Routing " on page 1397.

IPv6 Routes

Because IPv4 and IPv6 can coexist on a network, the router on such a network needs to forward both traffic types. Given this coexistence, each switch maintains a separate routing table for IPv6 routes. The switch can forward IPv4 and IPv6 traffic over the same set of interfaces.

For information about configuring IPv6 routes, see "IPv6 Routing " on page 1397.

OSPFv3

OSPFv3 provides a routing protocol for IPv6 networking. OSPFv3 is a new routing component based on the OSPF version 2 component. In dual-stack IPv6, both OSPF and OSPFv3 components can be configured and used.

For information about configuring OSPFv3, see "OSPF and OSPFv3 " on page 1181.

DHCPv6

DHCPv6 incorporates the notion of the “stateless” server, where DHCPv6 is not used for IP address assignment to a client, rather it only provides other networking information such as DNS, Network Time Protocol (NTP), and/or Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) information.

92 Switch Feature Overview

For information about configuring DHCPv6 settings, see "DHCPv6 Server and Relay Settings " on page 1425.

Quality of Service (QoS) Features

NOTE: Some features that can affect QoS, such as ACLs and Voice VLAN, are

described in other sections within this chapter.

Differentiated Services (DiffServ)

The QoS Differentiated Services (DiffServ) feature allows traffic to be classified into streams and given certain QoS treatment in accordance with defined per-hop behaviors. Dell Networking N-Series switches support both IPv4 and IPv6 packet classification.

For information about configuring DiffServ, see "Differentiated Services " on page 1445.

Class Of Service (CoS)

The Class Of Service (CoS) queueing feature enables directly configuring certain aspects of switch queuing. This provides the desired QoS behavior for different types of network traffic when the complexities of DiffServ are not required. CoS queue characteristics, such as minimum guaranteed bandwidth and transmission rate shaping, are configurable at the queue (or port) level.

For information about configuring CoS, see "Class-of-Service " on page 1473.

Auto Voice over IP (VoIP)

This feature provides ease of use for the user in setting up VoIP for IP phones on a switch. This is accomplished by enabling a VoIP profile that a user can select on a per port basis.

For information about configuring Auto VoIP, see "Auto VoIP " on page 1503.

This capability is not available on the N3000 Series switches when running the AGGRAGATION ROUTER image.

Switch Feature Overview 93

Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) Optimization

NOTE: This feature is not available on Dell Networking N1500 Series switches. It

is also not available on N3000 Series switches running the AGGREGATION ROUTER image.

The iSCSI Optimization feature helps network administrators track iSCSI traffic between iSCSI initiator and target systems. This is accomplished by monitoring, or snooping traffic to detect packets used by iSCSI stations in establishing iSCSI sessions and connections. Data from these exchanges may optionally be used to create classification rules to assign the traffic between the stations to a configured traffic class. This affects how the packets in the flow are queued and scheduled for egress on the destination port.

For information about configuring iSCSI settings, see "iSCSI Optimization " on page 573.

Layer-2 Multicast Features

For information about configuring layer-2 multicast features, see "Layer-2 Multicast Features " on page 867.

MAC Multicast Support

Multicast service is a limited broadcast service that supports one-to-many and many-to-many forwarding behavior. In the layer-2 multicast service, a single frame addressed to a specific multicast address is received and copies of the frame to be transmitted on each relevant port are forwarded.

IGMP Snooping

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) Snooping is a feature that allows a switch to forward multicast traffic intelligently on the switch. Multicast traffic is traffic that is destined to a host group. Host groups are identified by the destination MAC address, i.e. the range 01:00:5e:00:00:00 to 01:00:5e:7f:ff:ff:ff for IPv4 multicast traffic or 33:33:xx:xx:xx:xx for IPv6 multicast traffic. Based on the IGMP query and report messages, the switch forwards traffic only to the ports that request the multicast traffic. This prevents the switch from broadcasting the traffic to all ports and possibly affecting network performance.

94 Switch Feature Overview

IGMP Snooping Querier

When Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) and IGMP are enabled in a network with IP multicast routing, an IP multicast router acts as the IGMP querier. However, if it is desirable to keep the multicast network layer-2 switched only, the IGMP Snooping Querier can perform the query functions of a layer-3 multicast router.

MLD Snooping

In IPv4, layer-2 switches can use IGMP Snooping to limit the flooding of multicast traffic by dynamically configuring layer-2 interfaces so that multicast traffic is forwarded to only those interfaces associated with IP multicast address.

In IPv6, MLD snooping performs a similar function. With MLD snooping, IPv6 multicast data is selectively forwarded to a list of ports intended to receive the data (instead of being flooded to all of the ports in a VLAN). This list is constructed by snooping IPv6 multicast control packets.

Multicast VLAN Registration

NOTE: This capability is not available on N3000 Series switches running the

AGGREGATION ROUTER image.

The Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) protocol, like IGMP Snooping, allows a layer-2 switch to listen to IGMP frames and forward the multicast traffic only to the receivers that request it. Unlike IGMP Snooping, MVR allows the switch to forward multicast frames across different VLANs. MVR uses a dedicated VLAN, which is called the multicast VLAN, to forward multicast traffic over the layer-2 network to the various VLANs that have multicast receivers as members.

Switch Feature Overview 95

Layer-3 Multicast Features

For information about configuring layer-3 (L3) multicast features, see "IPv4 and IPv6 Multicast " on page 1509.

NOTE: This feature is not available on Dell Networking N1500 and N2000 Series

switches.

Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol

Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) exchanges probe packets with all DVMRP-enabled routers, establishing two way neighboring relationships and building a neighbor table. It exchanges report packets and creates a unicast topology table, which is used to build the multicast routing table. This multicast route table is then used to route the multicast packets.

Internet Group Management Protocol

The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used by IPv4 systems (hosts and routers) to report their IP multicast group memberships to any neighboring multicast routers. Dell Networking N-Series switches perform the “multicast router part” of the IGMP protocol, which means it collects the membership information needed by the active multicast router.

IGMP Proxy

The IGMP Proxy feature allows the switch to act as a proxy for hosts by sending IGMP host messages on behalf of the hosts that the switch discovered through standard IGMP router interfaces.

Protocol Independent Multicast—Dense Mode

Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) is a standard multicast routing protocol that provides scalable inter-domain multicast routing across the Internet, independent of the mechanisms provided by any particular unicast routing protocol. The Protocol Independent Multicast-Dense Mode (PIMDM) protocol uses an existing Unicast routing table and a Join/Prune/Graft mechanism to build a tree. PIM-DM creates source-based shortest-path distribution trees, making use of reverse path forwarding (RPF).

96 Switch Feature Overview

Protocol Independent Multicast—Sparse Mode

Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) is used to efficiently route multicast traffic to multicast groups that may span wide area networks, and where bandwidth is a constraint. PIM-SM uses shared trees by default and implements source-based trees for efficiency. This data threshold rate is used to toggle between trees.

Protocol Independent Multicast—Source Specific Multicast

Protocol Independent Multicast—Source Specific Multicast (PIM-SSM) is a subset of PIM-SM and is used for one-to-many multicast routing applications, such as audio or video broadcasts. PIM-SSM does not use shared trees.

Protocol Independent Multicast IPv6 Support

PIM-DM and PIM-SM support IPv6 routes.

MLD/MLDv2 (RFC2710/RFC3810)

MLD is used by IPv6 systems (listeners and routers) to report their IP multicast addresses memberships to any neighboring multicast routers. The implementation of MLD v2 is backward compatible with MLD v1.

MLD protocol enables the IPv6 router to discover the presence of multicast listeners, the nodes that want to receive the multicast data packets, on its directly attached interfaces. The protocol specifically discovers which multicast addresses are of interest to its neighboring nodes and provides this information to the multicast routing protocol that make the decision on the flow of the multicast data packets.

Switch Feature Overview 97

98 Switch Feature Overview

Hardware Overview

This section provides an overview of the switch hardware. It is organized by product type:

• Dell Networking N1500 Series Switch Hardware

• Dell Networking N2000 Series Switch Hardware

• Dell Networking N3000 Series Switch Hardware

• Dell Networking N4000 Series Switch Hardware

• Switch MAC Addresses

Dell Networking N1500 Series Switch Hardware

This section contains information about device characteristics and modular hardware configurations for the Dell Networking N1500 Series switches.

Front Panel

Then Dell Networking N1500 Series front panel includes the following features:

•Switch Ports

•Console Port

•USB Port

• Reset Button

•SFP+ Ports

•Port and System LEDs

• Stack Master LED and Stack Number Display

The following images show the front panels of the switch models in the Dell Networking N1500 Series.

Hardware Overview 99

Figure 3-1. Dell Networking N1548 Front-Panel Switch with 48 10/100/1000BASE-T

48 10/100/1000BASE-T Ports

SFP+ Ports

Console Port

USB Port

Ports (Front Panel)

In addition to the switch ports, the front panel of each model in the Dell Networking N1500 Series includes the following ports:

• RJ-45 Console port

• USB port for storage

Figure 3-2. Dell Networking N1524P Close-up

The Dell Networking 1524 front panel has status LEDs for over-temperature alarm (left), internal power (middle), and status (right) on the top row. The bottom row of status LEDs displays, from left to right, the Stack Master, redundant power supply (RPS) status, and fan alarm status.

100 Hardware Overview

Dell 210-AEIR, 210-AEVX, 210-ABOH, 210-ABNV User Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Introduction

About This Document

Audience

Document Conventions

Additional Documentation

Switch Feature Overview

System Management Features

Multiple Management Options

System Time Management

Log Messages

Integrated DHCP Server

Management of Basic Network Information

IPv6 Management Features

Dual Software Images

File Management

Switch Database Management Templates

Automatic Installation of Firmware and Configuration

sFlow

SNMP Alarms and Trap Logs

CDP Interoperability Through ISDP

Remote Monitoring (RMON)

N3000 Series Access and Aggregation Firmware Images

Stacking Features

High Stack Count

Single IP Management

Master Failover with Transparent Transition

Nonstop Forwarding on the Stack

Hot Add/Delete and Firmware Synchronization

Security Features

Configurable Access and Authentication Profiles

Password-Protected Management Access

Strong Password Enforcement

TACACS+ Client

RADIUS Support

SSH/SSL

Inbound Telnet Control

Denial of Service

Port Protection

Captive Portal

802.1X Authentication (IEEE 802.1X)

MAC-Based 802.1X Authentication

802.1X Monitor Mode

MAC-Based Port Security

Access Control Lists (ACLs)

Time-Based ACLs

IP Source Guard (IPSG)

DHCP Snooping

Dynamic ARP Inspection

Protected Ports (Private VLAN Edge)

Green Technology Features

Energy Detect Mode

Energy Efficient Ethernet

Power Utilization Reporting

Power over Ethernet (PoE) Plus Features

Power Over Ethernet (PoE) Plus Configuration

PoE Plus Support

UPOE Support

Switching Features

Flow Control Support (IEEE 802.3x)

Head of Line Blocking Prevention

Alternate Store and Forward (ASF)

Jumbo Frames Support

Auto-MDI/MDIX Support

VLAN-Aware MAC-based Switching

Back Pressure Support

Auto-negotiation

Storm Control

Port Mirroring

Static and Dynamic MAC Address Tables

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) for Media Endpoint Devices

Connectivity Fault Management (IEEE 802.1ag)

Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)

Data Center Bridging Exchange (DBCx) Protocol

Enhanced Transmission Selection

Cisco Protocol Filtering