Datasheet up6212 Datasheets

Page 1
uP6212
A
3 Phase Synchronous-Rectified Buck Controller
for Next Generation CPU Core Power
General Description
The uP6212 is a multi-phase synchronous-rectified buck controller specifically designed to deliver high quality output voltage for high-performance microprocessors and graphic processors.
The uP6212 provides programmable 2/3-phase operation. It also supports dynamic phase selection by PS1/2 pins that automatically switches to single/two phase operation at light load condition. The uP6212 supports both stand­alone and tracking mode operation. The output voltage is tightly regulated to local or external reference voltages.
The uP6212 extract phase current signals by R side switches for phase current balance. It senses the output current by DCR of output inductors for load line slope setting and over current protection. This yields both thermal balance and accurate load line adjustment.
The uP6212 includes programmable no-load offset and droop slope functions to adjust the output voltage as a function of the load current, optimally positioning it for a system transient.
Other features include accurate and reliable short-circuit protection, adjustable over current protection, and a delayed power OK output. This part is available in VQFN4x4 - 24L package.
DS(ON)
of low
Features

Interleaved Two/Three Phase Operation


Programmable Dynamic Power Saving Mode

Operation

Simple Single-Loop Voltage-Mode Control


Lossless R

Current Sensing for Current
DS(ON)
Balance

Adjustable Operation Frequency form 50kHz to

1MHz Per Phase

External Compensation


Adjustable Over Current Protection


Adjustable Soft Start


VQFN4x4 -24L Package


RoHS Compliant and 100% Lead (Pb)-Free

Ordering Information
rebmuNredrOepyTegakcaPkrameR
GAQA2126PuL42-4x4NFQV
Note: uPI products are compatible with the current IPC/ JEDEC J-STD-020 requirements. They are halogen-free, RoHS compliant and 100% matte tin (Sn) plating that are suitable for use in SnPb or Pb-free soldering processes.
pplications

Desktop PC Core Power Supplies


Middle/High End Graphic Cards


Low Output Voltage, High Power Density DC/DC

Converters

Voltage Regulator Modules

PWM3
PWM2
PWM1
EN
POK
Pin Configuration
VCC5
RT
17 16 1518
19
20
21
22
23
24
TB
REFIN
ISEN1
25
GND
FBRTN
ISEN2
4321
SS
ISEN3
14 13
GND
PS1
12
OFS
11
IMAX
10
CSN
9
CSP
8
COMP
7
FBVOUT
65
PS2
1uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
Page 2
uP6212
Typical Application Circuit
V
V
V
PH3
PH1
PH2
CORE1
CORE2
CORE3
POK
EN
PS1
PS2
IMAX
CSP
CSN
ISNE1
PWM1
VCC5
GND
ISNE2
PWM2
ISEN3
VCC5
VCC5
VCC5
DrMOS
PWM
REG5V
CGND
DrMOS
PWM
REG5V
CGND
VSWH
VIN
PGND
VSWH
VIN
PGND
V
V
CORE1
CORE2
V
IN
V
OUT
V
REF
VCC5
FB
COMP
VOUT
TB
REFIN
FBRTN
PWM3
OFS
SS
RT
DrMOS
PWM
REG5V
CGND
VSWH
VIN
PGND
VCC5
V
CORE3
V
OUT
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
2uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 3
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uP6212
Functional Pin Descriptio
1BT
2NIFER
3NTRBF
4SS
5DNG
62SP
7BF
8PMOC
9PSC
01NSC
11XAMI
21SFO
311SP
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Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
3uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 4
uP6212
Functional Block Diagram
Band GapFBRTN
REFIN
FB
OFS Offset
ISEN1
ISEN2
ISEN3
V
REFIN
0.8V V
V
EAP
300mV
REF
Reference
Selection
POK
Soft Start
Power OK
UVP OVP
V
EAP
160mV
SS
EN
&
V
EAP
+
Current
Balance
VCC5
POR
TB
Transient
Boost
VOUT
COMP
PWM1
PWM2
PWM3
IMAX
CSN
CSP
1.2V
GND
OCP
Oscillator
RT
PS1
PS2
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
4uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 5
The uP6212 is a multi-phase synchronous-rectified buck controller specifically designed to deliver high quality output voltage for high-performance micro processors and graphic processors.
The uP6212 provides programmable 2/3-phase operation. It also supports dynamic phase selection by PS1/2 pins that automatically switches to single phase operation at light load condition. The uP6212 supports both stand-alone and tracking mode operation. The output voltage is tightly regulated to local or external reference voltages.
The uP6212 extract phase current signals by R
DS(ON)
of low side switches for phase current balance. It senses the output current by DCR of output inductors for load line slope setting and over current protection. This yields both thermal balance and accurate load line adjustment.
The uP6212 includes programmable no-load offset and slope functions to adjust the output voltage as a function of the load current, optimally positioning it for a system transient.
Other features include accurate and reliable short-circuit protection, adjustable over current protection, and a delayed power OK output. This part is available in VQFN4x4-24L package.
Supply Input and Power on Reset
uP6212
Functional Description
SS
0.4V
0.8V V
4.0V
REF
uP6212
(kHz)
V
EAP
FBRTN
REFIN
Band
Gap
V
REFIN
Figure 1. Reference Voltage Selection.
Oscillation Frequency Programming
A resistor RRT connected to RT pin programs the oscillation frequency as:
=
10000
RT
)k(R
f
OSC
Figure 2 shows the relationship between oscillation frequency and RRT.
1000
The uP6212 receives supply input from VCC5 pin to power the internal control circuit. RC filter is required for locally bypassing the supply input pin. The VCC5 voltage is continuously monitored for power on reset. The POR level is typical 4.2V at VCC5 rising.
Operation Phase Selection
The uP6212 supports 2/3 phase operation. PS2 status is checked at POR for operation phase selection. 2 phase operation is selected if PS2 < 0.1V at VCC5 POR. When operating at 2 phase, phase 3 is turned off and clock signals of phase1/2 are kept output of phase. When operating at 3 phase, clock signals are kept 120OC difference to each other. Leave PWM3 and ISEN3 floating when operating in 2 phase.
Reference Voltage Selection
The uP6212 supports both stand alone and tracking mode operation. REFIN voltage is checked at VCC5 POR for reference voltage selection as shown in Figure 1. The FB voltage is regulated to internal 0.8V reference voltage if V
REFIN
is higher than 4V at VCC POR. Otherwise, the FB voltage is regulated to track V
. See the Voltage Control Loop
REFIN
section for details.
Switching Frequency (kHz)
100
10 100
RRT (kohm)
Figure 2. Switching Frequency vs. RRT.
Output Current Sensing
Figure 3 illustrates the output current sensing block of the uP6212. The voltage VCS across the current sensing capacitor CCS can be expressed as:
= I
VCS
x DCR/P
OUT
if the following condition is true.
P x L / DCR = R
CSP
x C
CS
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
5uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 6
uP6212
Functional Description
where P is the phase number of operation (P = 2 for two phase operation, P = 3 for three phase operation), L is the output inductor of the buck converter, DCR is the parasitic resistance of the inductor, R
and CCS are the external RC
CSP
network for current sensing.
The GM amplifier will source a current I
to the CSN pin to
AVG
let its inputs virtually short circuit.
I
x R
CSN
= V
CS
can be expressed
AVG
AVG
Therefore the output current signal I as:
DCRI
×
I
AVG
The output current signal I
OUT
=
RP
×
CSN
is used as droop tuning and
AVG
output over current protection. Please see the related
section for details.
PH1
PH2
R
CSP
PH3
where V
is the output voltage, I
OUT
is a current source
OFS
for initial offset adjustment, RFB is an external resistor.
The Error Amplifier modulates the COMP voltage V
COMP
and the duty cycle of buck converter to force FB voltage V follows V
V
= V
OUT
OUT
. Therefore, the output voltage will be:
EAP
- K x R
EXT
VV ×+
=
EXT
DROOP
x I
R
AVG
××
CSN
+ RFB x I
RDCRI
DROOPOUT
OFS
IR
OFSFB
Please see the related section for details.
4.0V
SS
V
REFIN
Band
K x I
Gap
0.4V
AVG
0.8V V
V
EAP
REF
V
EXT
R
DROOP
C
SS
REFIN
FBRTN
COMP
FB
R
L
L
V
OUT
CSP
uP6212
R
CSP
L
DCRDCRDCR
CSP
C
CS
CSN
R
CSN
GM
Amplifer
I
AVG
Figure 3. Output Current Sensing of uP6212.
Voltage Control Loop (External Reference Voltage)
Figure 4 illustrates the voltage control loop for external reference voltage of the uP6212. VFB and V
are negative
EAP
and positive inputs of the Error Amplifier respectively. The EAP pin voltage is expressed as:
V
= V
EAP
where V
- K x R
EXT
is a slew rate limited voltage source, I
EXT
DROOP
x I
AVG
AVG
is a current source proportional to output current, K a current mirror gain (K = 3 for three phase operation, K = 2 for two phase operation) and R
is an external resistor for
DROOP
adjusting load line slope.
The FB pin voltage VFB is expressed as:
VFB = V
- RFB x I
OUT
OFS
FB
I
R
V
OUT
FB
OFS
uP6212
Error
Amplifier
Figure 4. Voltage Control Loop for External Reference.
Please note the external reference voltage V
changing
EXT
slew rate should be limited to a safe level. A large step change of V
should be avoided as it may result in
EXT
large inrush current to charge and discharge the output capacitors and result in false triggering of OCP, UVP and OVP protection functions.
Voltage Control Loop (Internal Reference Voltage)
Figure 5 illustrates the voltage control loop for internal reference voltage of the uP6212. VFB and V
are negative
EAP
and positive inputs of the Error Amplifier respectively. The Error Amplifier modulates the COMP voltage V
COMP
and the duty cycle of buck converter to force FB voltage VFB follows V
.
EAP
V
= 0.8V
EAP
Note that there is no droop function when internal reference voltage is selected.
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
6uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 7
uP6212
Functional Description
RRIVR
×××
V
=
FB
where V
is the output voltage, I
OUT
RR
+
for initial offset adjustment, R
2FB1FB
FB1
and R
2RFB1FBOFSOUT2FB
is a current source
OFS
are external resistor
FB2
divider for voltage setting.
Therefore, the output voltage will be:
V
=
OUT
R
2FB
Please see the related section for details.
4.0V
SS
V
REFIN
Band
Gap
0.4V
0.8V V
V
EAP
VCC5
FBRTN
C
SS
REFIN
COMP
during soft start and V to 0.4V higher than V V
during soft start and V
EAP
changes. Since Vss is clamped
REFIN
, this limit the slew rate of VSS and
EAP
changes. This consequently
REFIN
limits the output voltage ramp up/down slew rate.
The uP6212 is POR and enabled at T0. There is a 800us time delay (T0 ~ T1) before the current source ISS begins charging the CSS. The non-inverting input V voltage V
RRI)RR(V8.0
××++×
2FB1FBOFS2FB1FB
VOUT ramps up to target value during time delay TD2. The
is kept zero during (T0 ~ T2). The V
OUT
and output
EAP
EAP
and
uP6212 inserts a time delay TD3 before assertion of power OK. The uP6212 asserts soft start end and set POK to high impedance status at T4.
Time periods are calculated as:
(T2 - T1) = 0.4V x CSS / 10uA
TD1 = T2 - T0 = 800us + 0.4V x CSS / 10uA
REF
TD2 = V
TD3 = (4.1V - V
where V
0.8V for internal reference voltage, V
x CSS / 10uA = V
BOOT
) / 10uA
EAP
is the initial boot up reference voltage. V
BOOT
x CSS / 10uA
EAP
BOOT
= V
for external
EXT
BOOT
=
reference voltage.
FB
I
R
FB2
R
FB1
V
OUT
OFS
uP6212
Error
Amplifier
Figure 5. Voltage Control Loop for Internal Reference.
Initial Offset Adjustment
Connect a resistor R set the initial offset voltage. The OFS voltage V
from OFS pin to VCC5 or GND to
OFS
OFS
is V
CC5
1.6V or 0.4V when connected to VCC5 or GND respectively. There the current source I
I
= 0.4V / R
OFS
I
= 1.6V / R
OFS
sourcing, R
OFS
sinking, R
OFS
The offset current source I
can be calculated as:
OFS
to GND, positive offset
OFS
to VCC5, negative offset.
OFS
is mirrored and injected to FB
OFS
pin for initial offset adjustment. Please see the Voltage Control Loop section for details.
Soft Start and Power OK
Figure 6 illustrates the soft start cycle of uP6212. A capacitor CSS connected to SS pin is used to adjust the soft start cycle.
A 10uA current source ISS is used to charge/discharge C
VCC5
EN
V
OUT
-
POK
T0 T1 T2 T3
TD2TD1
V
4.0V
SS
TD3
T4
Figure 6. Soft Start Cycle of the uP6212.
Channel Current Sensing
The uP6212 extracts phase currents for current balance and over current protection by parasitic on-resistance of the lower switches when turn on as shown in Figure 7. The ISEN1/2/3 pins sense the corresponding phase current when the low side MOSFETs are turns on.
I
SS
= ((I
SENX
where I
x R
PHX
is the sampled and held phase current signal,
SENX
DS(ON)
) + VDC) / R
SENX
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
7uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 8
I
is phase current, R
PHX
is the on-resistance of the low
DS(ON)
side MOSFETs, and VDC is an offset voltage for the current balance circuit. The current balance circuit increases the duty cycle of the phase whose phase current is smaller than others and decrease the duty cycle of the phase whose phase current is larger than others.
PH2PH1 PH3
I
I
I
SEN1
SEN2
SEN3
Current
Balance
ISEN1
R
SEN1
R
SEN2
R
SEN2
ISEN2
ISEN3
uP6212
Figure 7. Phase Current Sensing and Current Balance.
uP6212
Functional Description
V
, V
, V
IMAX
PS1
. Take V
PS2
0.25V for example, the uP6212 turns off phase 3 and operates the converter in 2-phase. Note that the uP6212 do not reset the clock sequence during dynamic phase reduction. Phase 1 and phase 2 still has 120O phase shift.
The automatic phase reduction reduces the switching and conduction losses at light load condition and enables high efficiency over a wide range of output current.
R
PS2
> R
and V
PS1
PS2
programming the phase-reduction threshold level.
Table 1. Operation Phase Selection.
V
1SP
V8.0>X 3/2/1
V<
XAMI
V>
XAMI
V<
XAMI
V<
XAMI
V>
XAMI
= 0.2V, V
PS1
= 0.3V and V
PS2
IMAX
=
> 0.2V are recommended when
V
2SP
esahPnoitarepO
V1.0<2/1
V1.0<1
V<
XAMI
V>
XAMI
V>
XAMI
3/2/1
2/1
1
Select R is to keep I
to set the current balance gain. A rule of thumb
SEN
= 5uA at rated output current.
SENX
Output Over Current Protection
I
is mirrored and injected to the IMAX pin and create a
AVG
voltage V
V
= K x R
IMAX
at IMAX pin.
IMAX
x I
IMAX
AVG
= R
IMAX
x I
OUT
x DCR / R
CSN
The over current protection is activated and shuts down the uP6212 if the IMAX voltage is higher than 1.2V.
Output Over Voltage Protection
The OVP is activated and turns on the low side MOSFETs if ( VFB - V
) > 160mV
EAP
The over voltage protection is latch-off and can only be reset by POR or toggling the EN pin.
Under Voltage Protection
The under voltage protection is activated if FB voltage V is 300mV lower than the V
. UVP turns off and latches
EAP
the uP6212.
Power Saving Mode and Automatic Phase Reduction
The uP6212 sources a 10uA current source out of PS1 and PS2 pins. Connecting resistors R PS2 pins creates voltage levels V
PS1
PS1
and R
and V
at PS1 and
PS2
for power
PS2
saving mode operation.
Transient Boost Mechanism
The uP6212 features a novel transient boost mechanism that turns on all high side MOSFETs during a large step load transient as shown in Figure 8. The VOUT and TB are inverting and non-inverting inputs of the transient boost comparator respectively. At steady state, an internal 10uA current source creates a voltage drop between V VTB:
V
- VTB = 10uA x R
OUT
TB
RTB and CTB form a low pass filter for the VTB. During large step load transient, V relatively constant. Once V
abruptly drops while the VTB keeps
OUT
is smaller than VTB, the
OUT
transient boost mechanism is activated and turns on all high side MOSFETs to provide current to output capacitors as fast as possible.
FB
Select RTB to decide a suitable threshold level for transientboost. For example, a 4.7kΩ RTB will triggered the transient boost mechanism if output voltage is abruptly drops by around 50mV. Also keep the RTB x CTB time constant around 2us.
OUT
and
V
= 10uA x R
PS1
V
= 10uA x R
PS1
PS1
PS1
Table 1 shows the operation phase of uP6212 according to
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
8uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 9
uP6212
Functional Description
V
OUT
R
VOUT
TB
TB
C
TB
10uA
Figure 8. Transient Boost Mechanism
Transient
Boost
uP6212
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
9uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 10
uP6212
A
g
n
bsolute Maximum Ratin
Supply Input Voltage, VCC5 (Note 1) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to +6.0V
Other Pins ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to +VCC5 +0.3V Storage Temperature Range ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -65OC to +150OC Junction Temperature ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 150OC Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 260OC ESD Rating (Note 2)
HBM (Human Body Mode) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2kV MM (Machine Mode) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 200V
Thermal Informatio
Package Thermal Resistance (Note 3)
VQFN4x4-24L θJA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 40OC/W VQFN4x4-24L θ
Power Dissipation, PD @ TA = 25°C
VQFN4x4-24L ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.5W
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4OC/W
JC
Recommended Operation Conditions
Operating Junction Temperature Range (Note 4) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ -40°C to +125°C Operating Ambient Temperature Range -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -40°C to +85°C Supply Input Voltage, V
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.5V to 5.5V
CC5
Electrical Characteristics
VCC5 = 5V, TA = 25OC, unless otherwise specified)
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10uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 11
uP6212
Electrical Characteristics
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R
SFO
V,
BF
NIFER
k01= V.5CCVot
k01= .DNGot73.004.034.0
.V2.1=01---01Vm
egatloVecnerefeRlanetnItceleS0.4--
V-
5CC
SFO
4.0--
5.16.17.1
5CCV
V
2-
5CC
V
V
V
esneStnerruC
tnerruCgnicruoSmumixaM 001----Au
egatloVtesffOtupnI 3---3 Vm
I/
I
XAMI
ycaruccArorriMtnerruCXAMI
ycaruccArorriMtnerruCpoorD
GVA
I/
I
XAMI
GVA
I/
I
POORD
GVA
I/
I
POORD
GVA
noitarepoesahpeerhtrof072003033%
noitarepoesahpowtrof081002022%
noitarepoesahpeerhtrof072003033%
noitarepoesahpowtrof081002022%
edoMgnivaSrewoP
R
tnerruCgnicuoS2SP/1SPI
XSP
R=
1SP
k74= 90111Au
2SP
)BT(tsooBtneisnarT
tnerruCgnikniSBTI
BT
90111Au
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
11uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 12
uP6212
Electrical Characteristics
retemaraPlobmySsnoitidnoCtseTniMpyTxaMtinU
noitcetorP
dlohserhTnoitcetorPnerruClatoTV
noitcetorPegatloVrevOBFV
noitcetorPegatloVrednUBFV
XAMI
V-
BF
PAE
V-
BF
PAE
noitcetorPerutarepmeTrevO
dlohserhT
noitcetorPerutarepmeTrevO
siseretsyH
1.12.13.1V
021061002Vm
004-003-002-Vm
--061--
--02--
O
O
ecneuqeSrewoP
ytilibapaCgnikniSKOPV
I
KOP
KOP
.Am4=--50.02.0V
Note 1. Stresses listed as the above Absolute Maximum Ratingsmay cause permanent damage to the device.
These are for stress ratings. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may remain possibility to affect device reliability.
Note 2. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precaution recommended.
Note 3. θJA is measured in the natural convection at TA = 25°C on a low effective thermal conductivity test board of
JEDEC 51-3 thermal measurement standard.
Note 4. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating conditions.
C
C
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
12uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 13
uP6212
Typical Operation Characteristics
EN
(1V/Div)
Power On Waveforms
EN (1V/Div)
V
IN
(1V/Div)
SS
(1V/Div)
Time (4ms/Div)
Turn On Waveforms
V
OUT
(500mV/Div)
V
OUT
(500mV/Div)
Power Off Waveforms
SS
(1V/Div)
V
OUT
(500mV/Div)
Time (400ms/Div)
Turn Off Waveforms
V
OUT
(500mV/Div)
EN
(1V/Div)
V
IN
(1V/Div)
EN
(1V/Div)
POK
(2V/Div)
PWM1 (5V/Div)
Time (4ms/Div)
Switching Frequency vs. R
1000
Switching Frequency (kHz)
100
10 100
RRT (kΩ)
POK
(2V/Div)
PWM1 (5V/Div)
Time (100ms/Div)
RT
95
90
85
80
75
70
Efficiency (%)
65
60
55
50
0204060
Auto Phase Efficiency
— 1 Phase
— 2 Phase
— 3 Phase
Auto Phase
Output Current (A)
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
13uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Page 14
A
pplication Information
This page is intentionally left blank and will be update later.
uP6212
14uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
Page 15
VQFN4x4-24L Package
uP6212
Package Information
0.80 - 1.00
2.30 - 2.50
3.90 - 4.10
3.90 - 4.10
2.30 - 2.50
0.35 - 0.45
0.18 - 0.30
Bottom View - Exposed Pad
Pin 1 mark
2.35 - 2.45
3.05 - 3.15
4.45- 4.55
0.0 - 0.05
0.20 BSC
0.20 - 0.30
Recommended Solder Pad Pitch and Dimensions
Note
1.Package Outline Unit Description: BSC: Basic. Represents theoretical exact dimension or dimension target MIN: Minimum dimension specified. MAX: Maximum dimension specified. REF: Reference. Represents dimension for reference use only. This value is not a device specification. TYP. Typical. Provided as a general value. This value is not a device specification.
2.Dimensions in Millimeters.
3.Drawing not to scale.
4.These dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shell not exceed 0.15mm.
Rev. F00, File Name: uP6212-DS-F0000
15uPI Semiconductor Corp., http://www.upi-semi.com
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