The uP6203 is a compact dual-phase synchronous-rectified
Buck controller specifically designed to deliver high quality
output voltage for high power applications. This part is
capable of delivering up to 60A output current owing to its
embedded bootstrapped drivers that support 12V + 12V
driving capability. The uP6203 features configurable gate
driving voltage for maximum efficiency and optimal
performance. The built-in bootstrap diode simplifies the
circuit design and reduces external part count and PCB
space.
The output voltage is precisely regulated to internal 0.6V
or external reference voltage from 0.4V to 3.3V. The uP6203
adopts lossless R
current sensing technique for
DS(ON)
channel current balance and over current protection.
A MODE pin programs single- or dual- phase operation
that makes the uP6203 ideally suitable for dual power input
applications such as PCIE interfaced graphic cards. When
programmed as automatic mode, the uP6203 operates in
single phase at light load condition and maintains high
efficiency over the output current range.
This part features comprehensive protection functions
including over current protection, input/output under voltage
protection, over voltage protection and over temperature
protection.
Other features include adjustable soft start, adjustable
operation phase, and quick response to step load transient.
With aforementioned functions, this part provides
customers a compact, high efficiency, well-protected and
cost-effective solutions. This part is available in spacingsaving VQFN4x4 -24L package.
Ordering Information
Features
Operate with 4.5V ~13.2V Supply Voltage
Support Single- and Two- Phase Operation
±±
±2.0% Over Line Voltage and Temperature
±±
Simple Single-Loop Voltage-Mode Control
12V Bootstrapped Drivers with Internal
Bootstrap Diode
Lossless R
Adjustable Operation Frequency form 50kHz to
Current Sensing
DS(ON)
1MHz Per Phase
External Compensation
Adjustable Over Current Protection
Adjustable Soft Start
VQFN4x4 -24L Package
RoHS Compliant and 100% Lead (Pb)-Free
pplications
Middle-High End GPU Core Power
High End Desktop PC Memory Core Power
Low Output Voltage, High Power Density DC-DC
Converters
Voltage Regulator Modules
Pin Configuration
PHASE2
18
LGATE2
VCC121920
UGATE2
PGND
17 16 15
BOOT2
SS/EN
14 13
NC
NC
12
11 FB
rebmuNredrOepyTegakcaPkrameR
GAQA3026PuL42-4x4NFQV
Note: uPI products are compatible with the current IPC/
JEDEC J-STD-020 requirements. They are halogen-free,
RoHS compliant and 100% matte tin (Sn) plating that are
suitable for use in SnPb or Pb-free soldering processes.
The uP6203 is a compact dual-phase synchronous-rectified
Buck controller specifically designed to deliver high quality
output voltage for high power applications. This part is
capable of delivering up to 60A output current thanks to its
embedded bootstrapped drivers that support 12V + 12V
driving capability. The built-in bootstrap diode simplifies the
circuit design and reduces external part count and PCB
space.
The output voltage is precisely regulated to internal 0.6V
reference voltage or external reference voltage from 0.4V
to 3.3V. The uP6203 adopts R
current sensing
DS(ON)
technique for channel current balance, and over current
protection.
This part features comprehensive protection functions
including over current protection, input/output under voltage
protection, over voltage protection and over temperature
protection.
Other features include internal soft start, adjustable
operation phase number and quick response to step load
transient. With aforementioned functions, this part provides
customers a compact, high efficiency, well-protected and
cost-effective solutions. This part is available in VQFN4x4
- 24L packages.
to be lower than 5V, external Schottky diode is highly
recommended to get highest gate driving voltage for high
side MOSFET.
V
= 10.8~13.2V
IN
VCC12
VCC9
Figure 1. 9V Drive Application
V
= 4.5~13.2V
IN
VCC12
VCC9
9V
LDO
9V
LDO
uP6203
Gate
Drivers
uP6203
Gate
Drivers
Internal 9V LDO Regulators
The uP6203 integrates a 9V LDO regulator for gate drivers
as shown in Figure 1. The 9V LDO receives input voltage
at VCC12 pin and outputs a regulated voltage at VCC9 pin
for the lower gate drivers and the bootstrap circuit for the
upper gate drivers, providing flexible gate driving voltage for
maximum efficiency and optimal performance. When driving
with 9V gate voltage, the converter reduces 25% power
dissipation in the drivers and maintains high efficiency
comparing to 12V driving voltage. This enables the uP6203
to drive MOSFETs with large input capacitors and provides
up to 60A output current without overheating the controller
itself.
When the VCC12 pin is left open, the VCC9 pin could
received well decoupled 4.5V~13.2V voltage for gate drivers
as shown in Figure 2. Since the uP6203 adopts R
DS(ON)
current sensing technique for current balance and over
current protection, always consider the R
DS(ON)
with the
lowest possible gate driving voltage. If the gate driving
voltage is expected to be lower than 7V, special
consideration should be paid to the threshold voltage of
the MOSFETs.
Bootstrap diodes are embedded to facilitates PCB design
and reduce the total BOM cost. No external Schottky diode
is required. However, if the VCC9 pin voltage is expected
Figure 2. Bypass the Internal 9V LDO Regulator.
The VCC9 pin should be locally bypassed by a minimum
1uF ceramic. Place the capacitor physically near the VCC9
pin.
The VCC5 pin receives a well-decoupled 4.5V~5.5V voltage
for internal control circuits. The VCC5 pin should be locally
bypassed by a minimum 1uF ceramic. Place the capacitor
physically near the VCC5 pin.
Power On Reset and Initialization
The uP6203 continuously monitors VCC9 and VCC5 pins
voltage for power on reset (POR) to ensure the supply
voltage is high enough for normal operation of the device.
The POR threshold level is typically 4.3V at VCC5 and
VCC9 rising.
Reference Voltage Selection
The uP6203 features selectable internal or external
reference voltage. The REFIN voltage level is checked at
POR to select the desired reference voltage. Internal 0.6V
reference voltage is selected if V
> 3.3V at POR,
REFIN
otherwise external reference voltage is selected. Once
selected, the reference source is fixed and can only be
programmed at next POR.
The REFIN sources a 1uA current and pulls its voltage to
5V if this pin is left open when POR is granted. This selects
the internal 0.6V reference voltage. If the external reference
voltage is higher than 3.3V before POR, it may cause
uP6203 to select internal 0.6V reference voltage which
should be avoided.
Oscillation Frequency Programming
A resistor RRT connected to RT pin programs the oscillation
frequency as:
)k(30
Ω
92.0
OSC
(200f
×=
RT
)
)k(R
Ω
(kHz)
Figure 3 shows the relationship between oscillation
frequency and RRT.
1000
lower MOSFETs off until the first pulse takes place.
SS/EN
V
REF
REFIN
t
SS
Figure 4. Timing Diagram of Soft Start Interval.
The uP6203 claims soft start end when V
V
. The total soft start time with external reference
REFIN
catches up
REF
voltage is about
+
=
t
SS
REFINSS
uA10
)V8.0V(C
where 0.8V accounts for the delay time caused by the
MOSFET threshold voltage. When external reference voltage
changes, the slew rate of V
is also limited by the soft
REF
start mechanism. Consequently, this results in a smooth
output voltage transition during external reference voltage
change. The soft start also acts as the timer during OCP
and UVP hiccups as described in the later sections.
Switching Frequency (kHz)
100
110100
(kohm)
R
RT
Figure 3. Switching Frequency vs. RRT.
Soft Start
Once POR releases, the uP6203 initiates its soft start cycle.
Figure 4 shows the softstart cycle with external reference
voltage. A 10uA current charges the soft start capacitor C
SS
and makes its voltage VSS linearly ramp up. The VSS clamps
reference voltage V
with a MOSFET threshold voltage
REF
gat at non-inverting input of the error amplifier. Accordingly,
the output voltage will softly ramp up and draw minimum
inrush current from the power bus.
The uP6203 features pre-bias start-up capability. If the output
voltage is pre-biased with a voltage, say V
BIAS
, that
accordingly makes VFB higher than reference voltage
ramping V
. The error amplifier keeps V
REF
lower than
COMP
the valley of the sawtooth waveform and makes PWM
comparators output low until the ramping V
catches up
REF
the feedback voltage. The uP6203 keeps both upper and
Channel Current Sensing
The uP6203 extracts phase currents for current balance
and over current protection by parasitic on-resistance of the
lower switches when turn on as shown in Figure 5.
Gate
Control
Logic
Current
Balance
PHASE1
Sample
Over
Current
Protection
Figure 5. R
& Hold
Current Sensing Scheme
DS(ON)
PHASE2
The GM amplifier senses the voltage drop across the lower
switch and converts it into current signal each time it turns
on. The sampled and held current is expressed as:
is the onresistance of low side MOSFET in Ω, 6.6uA is a constant
to compensate the offset of the current sensing circuit. Note
that the valley inductor current is sampled and held.
The sampled and held current is the averaged inductor current
minus half of inductor ripple current:
I2/1II∆×−=
LXAVG_LXSH_LX
One half of the summation of the sampled and held current
signal (I
in a voltage V
CS1
+I
)/2 is injected to the IMAX pin, that results
CS2
across the resistor R
IMAX
connecting IMAX
IMAX
and AGND.
)II(
+
2CS1CS
V
=
IMAX
=
2
1L
SH_
Take ILX = 20A, ∆ILX = 4A, R
for example, V
V
=
IMAX
V27.1
=
R
×
IMAX
2
is calculated as:
IMAX
)ON(DSSH_2L
= 6mΩ , and R
DS(ON)
2
4
−
+××+×
4
−
+×Ω××−×
]uA2.1310R)II(3.3[
×
IMAX
]uA2.1310m62A)420(3.3[
R
IMAX
= 30kΩ
k30
Ω×
Over Current Protection
V
is compared with a 3.0V reference voltage for over
IMAX
current protection. If V
is higher than 3.0V, OCP is
IMAX
activated. Take above setting for example, the output current
for OCP is calculated as:
4
OUT
−
V0.3
=
=
OUT
2
A3.98I
+×Ω×−×
]uA2.1310m6A)4I(3.3[
k30
Ω×
The uP6203 features hiccup and shutdown mode OCP. If
OCP takes place after soft start end, the uP6203 turns off
both upper and lower MOSFETs and discharges the C
SS
with a constant current of 10uA. When VSS touches down
0.4V, the uP6203 initiates another soft start cycle. The
uP6203 shuts down after 3 times hiccups. If the OCP takes
place during soft start cycle, the uP6203 turns off both upper
and lower MOSFETs but keeps charging the CSS with a
constant current of 10uA until the soft start end. The
shutdown status can only be reset by POR function. Figure
6, and Figure 7 illustrate the OCP behaviors during soft
start and after soft start end respectively.
Note that on-resistance of a MOSFET is highly
dependent of gate voltage and temperature. Always
consider the highest temperature and lowest gate
voltage.
Note that the valley value of the inductor is sampled
and held just before the lower switch is to turn off.
The ripple current of the inductor should be considered
when calculating over current protection level.
SS (1V/Div)
Phase 2 (10V/Div)
V
(1V/Div)
OUT
Figure 6. OCP during Soft Start
SS (1V/Div)
Phase 2 (10V/Div)
V
(1V/Div)
OUT
Figure 7. OCP after Soft Start End.
Current Balance
The uP6203 fine tunes the duty cycle of each channel for
current balance according to the sensed inductor current
signals as shown in Figure 8. If the current of channel 1 is
smaller than the current of channel 2, the uP6203 increases
the duty cycle of the corresponding phase to increase its
phase current accordingly, vice verse.
The uP6203 features automatic phase of operation selection
according to load current. A current I
resistor R
connecting MODE pin and AGND.
MODE
R/V6.0I=
MODEMODE
flows through the
MODE
where 0.6V is the nominal voltage at MODE pin.
If the I
in single phase by turning off phase 2. If the I
than 3/5 of I
Take ∆ILX = 4A, R
example, I
is smaller than 2/5 of I
IMAX
, the uP6203 operates in dual phase.
MODE
DS(ON)
is calculated as 0.6V/30kΩ = 20uA. The
MODE
, the uP6203 operates
MODE
= 6mΩ , and R
IMAX
= 30kΩ for
MODE
is higher
threshold level of output current for entering single phase
operation is calculated as:
×
OUT
I2
=
5
A4.5I
=
OUTMODE
2
−
+×Ω×−×
]uA2.1310m6A)4I(3.3[
4
The threshold level of output current for entering dual phase
operation is calculated as:
×
OUT
I3
=
5
A8.10I
=
OUTMODE
2
−
+×Ω×−×
]uA6.610m6A)2I(3.3[
4
Note that when operated in single phase, the rated current
is reduced to 80 percents of normal level. Continuous
demanding high current may damage the converter.
Manual Phase of Operation Selection
The uP6203 supports manual selecting single- or dualphase operation. If I
operates in forced single phase mode. If I
is higher than 150uA, the uP6203
MODE
is smaller
MODE
than 4uA, the uP6203 operates in forced dual phase mode.
This feature is important for PCIE interfaced graphic cards
where neither bus power nor external power is capable of
delivering full load current. Configure the converter as shown
in Figure 9. Power the phase 1 converter by PCIE bus
power and power the phase 2 converter by external power.
If the external power code is not plugged into the socket,
the External Power Detection, I
= 0.6V/3kohm >150uA
MODE
and the uP6203 operates in single phase mode. The uP6203
could provide limited current to GPU for required operation
when external power is not plugged.
uP6203
Functional Description
4
+×××
= 30kΩ for
IMAX
uP6203
Operation
Phase
Selection
]uA6.610RA)I(3.3[
R
]uA6.610m6A)2I(3.3[
k30
IMAX
Ω×
PCIE +12V
Phase 1
Converter
Ext. +12V
Phase 2
Converter
External Power Detection
Ext. Pwr Plugged = 0
Ext. Pwr Not Plugged = 1
VCC12
MODE
3kohm
Figure 9. Single/Two Phase Operation
Two-phase operation will make the phase 2 converter acts
like a boost converter if the external power is not available,
boosting the output voltage to the input voltage. The
relationship between input voltage and output voltage is
governed by conventional boost converter equation. Offset
of the current balance function may make the duty cycle of
phase 2 converter smaller than that of phase 1 converter.
This results in external power higher than 15V that may
damage the input capacitors and other devices. Figure 9
configuration turns off phase 2 converter when the external
power is not available, thus eliminates the possibility of
over voltage on input capacitors and other devices of the
phase 2 converter.
Note that when operated in single phase, the over current
protection level is reduced to 70 percents of normal level.
Continuous demanding high current may damage the
converter.
−
V0.37.0×
=×
Take ∆ILX = 4A, R
= 6mΩ , and R
DS(ON)
)ON(DSSH_1L
2
example, OCP level in single phase operation is calculated
as:
4
−
+×Ω×−×
OUT
V1.2
=
=
OUT
2
A2.63I
Note that when operating in forced single phase mode, the
uP6203 starts up with single phase operation. When
operating in automatic selection mode, the uP6203 starts
up with dual phase operation, no matter what level the load
current is. The mode selection is enabled only after the
uP6203 claims soft start end.
Supply Input Voltage, VCC12 (Note 1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to +15V
BOOTx to PHASEx ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to +15V
PHASEx to GND
DC --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.7V to 15V
< 200ns ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -8V to 30V
BOOTx to GND
DC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -0.3V to VCC12 + 15V
< 200ns -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to 42V
UGATEx to PHASEx
DC--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to (BOOTx - PHASEx +0.3V)
<200ns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -5V to (BOOTx - PHASEx + 0.3V)
LGATEx to GND
DC ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -0.3V to + (VCC12 + 0.3V)
<200ns ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -5V to VCC12 + 0.3V
VCC9 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to VCC12 + 0.3V
VCC5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to 6V
Other Pins ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to (VCC5 + 0.3V)
Storage Temperature Range ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -65OC to +150OC
Junction Temperature ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 150OC
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 260OC
ESD Rating (Note 2)
HBM (Human Body Mode) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2kV
MM (Machine Mode) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 200V
Operating Junction Temperature Range (Note 4) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ -40°C to +125°C
Operating Ambient Temperature Range -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -40°C to +85°C
Supply Input Voltage, V
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4.5V to 5.5V
Note 1. Stresses listed as the above “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device.
These are for stress ratings. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those
indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum
rating conditions for extended periods may remain possibility to affect device reliability.
Note 2. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precaution recommended.
Note 3. θJA is measured in the natural convection at TA = 25°C on a low effective thermal conductivity test board of
JEDEC 51-3 thermal measurement standard.
Note 4. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating conditions.
BSC: Basic. Represents theoretical exact dimension or dimension target
MIN: Minimum dimension specified.
MAX: Maximum dimension specified.
REF: Reference. Represents dimension for reference use only. This value is not a device specification.
TYP. Typical. Provided as a general value. This value is not a device specification.
2.Dimensions in Millimeters.
3.Drawing not to scale.
4.These dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shell not exceed 0.15mm.