The SP4423 is a high voltage output DC-AC converter that can operate from a 2.2V-6.0V
power supply. The SP4423 is capable of supplying up to 200 VPP signals, making it ideal for
driving electroluminescent lamps. The device features 10nA (typical) standby current, for use
in low power portable products. An inductor is used to generate the high voltage, and an
external capacitor is used to select the oscillator frequency. The SP4423 is offered in
an 8-pin narrow SOIC and 8-pin µSOIC packages. For delivery in die form, please consult
the factory.
These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at
these ratings or any other above those indicated in the operation sections
of the specifications below is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum
rating conditions for extended periods of time may affect reliability.
The information furnished herein by Sipex has been carefully reviewed
for accuracy and reliability. Its application or use, however, is solely the
responsibility of the user. No responsibility for the use of this information
is assumed by Sipex, and this information shall not explicitly or implicitly
become part of the terms and conditions of any subsequent sales
agreement with Sipex. Specifications are subject to change without
prior notice. By the sale or transfer of this information, Sipex assumes
no responsibility for any infringement of patents or other rights of third
parties which may result from its use. No license or other proprietary
rights are granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or
patent rights of Sipex Corporation.
= 150pF unless otherwise noted)
OSC
21
04
0.6
V52.0
52.0+
DD
06
021
002
1
V
Am
V
DD
DD
V,V0.3=
NOH
V,V0.6=
NOH
V0.3=
V0.6=
V
V
V=
V
µA
An
µA
NOH
V
NOH
V
DD
V
DD
V0.3=
DD
V=
V0.6=
DD
V,V0.3=
V0=
NOH
V,V0.6=
V0=
NOH
06Am.ngisedybdeetnarauG
004
054
V
V0.3=
DD
zH
V
V0.6=
DD
PP
This data sheet specifies environmental parameters, final test conditions and limits as well suggested operating conditions.
For applications which require performance beyond the specified conditions and or limits please consult the factory.
HON -549.0 -256.5
CAP2 -549.093.5
CAP1-568.0-516.5
V
DD
NOTES:
1. Dimensions are in Microns unless otherwise noted.
2. Bonding pads are 125x125 typical
3. Outside dimensions are maximum, including scribe area.
4. Die thickness is 10 mils +/- 1.
5. Pad center coordinates are relative to die center.
6. Die size 1447 x 1346 ( 57 x 53 mils).
-568.0-517.0
-349.0517.0
2
Page 3
PIN DESCRIPTION
1
2
3
4
SP4423
8
7
6
5
Pin 1 – HON- Enable for driver operation,
high = active; low = inactive.
Pin 2 – VSS- Power supply common, connect to
ground.
Pin 3 – Coil- Coil input, connect coil from V
to pin 3.
DD
Pin 4 – Lamp- Lamp driver output2, connect to
EL lamp.
Pin 5 – Lamp- Lamp driver output1, connect to
EL lamp.
Pin 6 – VDD- Power supply for driver, connect to
system VDD.
Pin 7 – Cap1- Capacitor input 1, connect to C
Pin 8 – Cap2- Capacitor input 2, connect to C
OSC
OSC
THEORY OF OPERATION
The SP4423 is made up of three basic circuit
elements, an oscillator, coil, and switched
H-bridge network. The oscillator provides the
device with an on-chip clock source used to
control the charge and discharge phases for the
coil and lamp. An external capacitor connected
between pins 7 and 8 allows the user to vary the
oscillator frequency from 32kHz to 400kHz.
The graphs on page 6 show the relationship
between C
In general, increasing the C
increase the lamp output voltage and decrease
and lamp output voltage.
OSC
capacitor will
OSC
the lamp frequency.
The suggested oscillator frequency is 64kHz
(C
=150pF). The oscillator output is internally
OSC
divided to create two internal control signals,
f
and f
COIL
divided down by 8 flip flops; a 64kHz signal
. The oscillator output is internally
LAMP
will be divided into 8 frequencies; 32, 16, 8, 4,
2, 1, 0.5, and 0.25 Hz. The 3rd flip flop output
(8kHz) is used to drive the coil (see Figure 2 on
page 9) and the 8th flip flop output (250Hz) is
used to drive the lamp. Although the oscillator
frequency can be varied to optimize the lamp
output, the ratio of f
equal 32.
The on-chip oscillator of the SP4423 can be
overdriven with an external clock source by
removing the C
clock source to pin 8 (Cap 2). The clock should
capacitor and connecting a
OSC
have a 50% duty cycle and range fromVDD-1V to
ground. An external clock signal may be
desirable in order to synchronize any parasitic
switching noise with the system clock. The
maximum external clock frequencies that can
be supplied is 400kHz.
connected from V
magnetic field is created in the coil. During the
low part of f
switched open, the field collapses and the
COIL
energy in the inductor is forced to flow toward
the high voltage H-bridge switches. f
send 16 of these charge pulses to the lamp, each
pulse increases the voltage drop across the lamp
in discrete steps. As the voltage potential
approaches its maximum, the steps become
to ground and a charged
BATTERY
, the ground connection is
will
COIL
shorter (see Figure 1 on page 9).
The coil is an external component connected from
V
in the coil according to the equation EL=1/2LI2,
to pin 3 of the
BATTERY
SP4423
. Energy is stored
where I is the peak current flowing in the inductor.
The current in the inductor is time dependent
and is set by the "ON" time of the coil switch:
I=(VL/L)tON, where VL is the voltage across the
inductor. At the moment the switch closes, the
The H-bridge consists of two SCR structures
that act as high voltage switches. These two
switches control the polarity of how the lamp is
charged. The SCR switches are controlled by
the f
divided by 256. For a 64kHz oscillator,
f
LAMP
signal which is the oscillator frequency
LAMP
=250Hz.
current in the inductor is zero and the entire supply
voltage (minus the V
inductor. The current in the inductor will then
of the switch) is across the
SAT
ramp up at a linear rate. As the current in the
inductor builds up, the voltage across the inductor
will decrease due to the resistance of the coil and
the "ON" resistance of the switch: VL=V
IRL-V
decreasing, the current ramp-rate also decreases
. Since the voltage across the inductor is
SAT
BATTERY
which reduces the current in the coil at the end of
tON the energy stored in the inductor per coil cycle
and therefore the light output. The other important
issue is that maximum current (saturation current)
When the energy from the coil is released, a high
voltage spike is created triggering the SCR
switches. The direction of current flow is
determined by which SCR is enabled. One full
cycle of the H-bridge will create 16 voltage
steps from ground to 80V (typical) on pins 4 and
5 which are 180 degrees out of phase with each
other (see Figure 3 on page 9). A differential
representation of the outputs is shown in Figure4 on page 9.
To minimize AC interference it is
advisable to use a decoupling filter capacitor
between VDD and ground.
in the coil is set by the design and manufacturer of
the coil. If the parameters of the application such
as V
coil to increase beyond its rated I
heat will be generated and the power efficiency
, L, RL or tON cause the current in the
BATTERY
, excessive
SAT
will decrease with no additional light output. The
Sipex
SP4423
is final tested using a 20mH/70Ω
coil from CTC. For suggested coil sources see
page 10.
The supply VDD can range from 2.2 to 6.0V. It is not
necessary that Vdd = V
exceed max coil current specification. The majority
BATTERY
. V
BATTERY
should not
of the current goes through the coil and is typically
much greater than IDD.
The f
the end of the coil at pin 3 to ground or to open
circuit. The f
signal, switching at 1/8 the oscillator frequency.
For a 64kHz oscillator f
time when the f
An EL lamp is basically a strip of plastic that is
coated with a phosphorous material which emits
light (fluoresces) when a high voltage (>40V)
which was first applied across it, is removed or
reversed. Long periods of DC voltages applied
to the material tend to breakdown the material
and reduce its lifetime. With these considerations
in mind, the ideal signal to drive an EL lamp is
a high voltage sine wave. Traditional approaches
to achieving this type of waveform included
discrete circuits incorporating a transformer,
transistors, and several resistors and capacitors.
This approach is large and bulky, and cannot be
implemented in most hand held equipment. Sipex
now offers low power single chip driver circuits
specifically designed to drive small to medium
sized electroluminescent panels. All that is
required is one external inductor and capacitor.
4
Page 5
Electroluminescent backlighting is ideal when
used with LCD displays, keypads, or other backlit
readouts. Its main use is to illuminate displays in
dim to dark conditions for momentary periods
of time. EL lamps typically consume less than
LEDs or incandescent bulbs making them ideal
for battery powered products. Also, EL lamps
are able to evenly light an area without creating
"hot spots" in the display.
HON=V
=ON
DD
=3V
V
IN
9mH/35Ω
NOTE:
Keep coil as close to the
SP4423 as possible
HON=0V=OFF
+
–
Typical SP4423 Application Circuit
HON
V
Coil
EL2
The amount of light emitted is a function of the
voltage applied to the lamp, the frequency at
which it is applied, the lamp material used and
its size. There are many variables which can be
optimized for specific applications. Sipex
supplies characterization charts to aid the
designer in selecting the optimum circuit
configuration (see page 6).
C
=100pF
OSC
Cap2
SS
SP4423
Cap1
V
DD
EL1
0.1µF Low ESR
Decoupling
Capacitor
EL Lamp
NOTE:
Keep high voltage traces
short and away from V
and clock lines
DD
HON=V
=ON
V
=3V
IN
20mH/70Ω
NOTE:
Keep coil as close to the
SP4422A as possible
+
–
DD
HON=0V=OFF
HON
V
SS
Coil
EL2
SP4423
Cap2
Cap1
V
DD
EL1
C
=150pF
OSC
NOTE:
Keep high voltage traces
short and away from V
and clock lines
The following performance curves are intended to give the designer a relative scale from which to optimize
specific applications. Absolute measurements may vary depending upon the brand of components chosen.
The coil part numbers presented in this data sheet have been qualified as being suitable for the SP4422A product.
Contact Sipex for applications assistance in choosing coil values not listed in this data sheet.
CTC Coils LTD Hong Kong
Ph: 85-2695-4889
Fax: 85-2695-1842
Mark Technologies:
North American Stocking
distributor for Sankyo and CTC
Ph: 905-891-0165
Fax: 905-891-8534
Model Numbers: CH5070AS-203K-006 (20mH, 65Ω)
Sipex Number: S51208-M-1021-Sipex
HITACHI METALS Ltd. Japan
Ph: 3-3284-4936
Fax: 3-3287-1945
Please consult the factory for pricing and availability on a Tape-On-Reel option.
Corporation
SIGNAL PROCESSING EXCELLENCE
Sipex Corporation
Headquarters and
Sales Office
22 Linnell Circle
Billerica, MA 01821
TEL: (978) 667-8700
FAX: (978) 670-9001
e-mail: sales@sipex.com
Sales Office
233 South Hillview Drive
Milpitas, CA 95035
TEL: (408) 934-7500
FAX: (408) 935-7600
Sipex Corporation reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein. Sipex does not assume any liability arising out of the
application or use of any product or circuit described hereing; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.