Programmable Single Phase Energy Metering
IC with Tamper Detection
SA2007P
FEATURES
+ Provides direct interface to mechanical counters
+ Calibration and setup stored on external EEPROM - no
trimpots required
+ Monitors both Live and Neutral for tamper detection
+ Flexible programmable features
+ Meets the IEC 521/1036 Specification for Class 1 AC Watt
hour meters
DESCRIPTION
The SAMES SA2007P is a single phase bi-directional energy
metering integrated circuit. It provides a cost effective solution
for energy meters with electro-mechanical displays, such as
stepper motors and impulse counters. A precision oscillator,
that replaces an external crystal is integrated on chip.
Two current sensor inputs allow the measurement of energy
consumption on both the live and neutral lines.
Direction detection of energy flow as well as other common
tamper conditions are flagged.
The power consumption on both the live and neutral are
samessames
+ Total power consumption rating below 50mW
+ Adaptable to different types of sensors
+ Operates over a wide temperature range
+ Precision voltage reference on-chip
+ Precision oscillator on chip
continuously measured and the larger of the two is selected for
energy metering.
The SA2007P drives the calibration LED, the indicator LEDs
and the electro-mechanical counter directly.
The SA2007P does not require any external trim-pots. All
required calibration and configuration data is read from a small
external EEPROM.
The SA2007P integrated circuit is available in 20 pin dual-inline plastic (DIP-20) and small outline (SOIC-20) package
types.
SPEC-0074 (REV. 2)
IIN1
IIP1
IIN2
IIP2
IVP
GND
Dr-01594
ANALOG
SIGNAL
PROCESSING
AND
POWER
CALCULATION
VOLTAGE
REF.
VREF
POWER 1 (DIGITAL)
POWER 2 (DIGITAL)
IIC
BUS
OSC
TCLKSDASCL
Figure 1: Block diagram
INTERFACE
RLOAD
1/12
VSSVDD
COM-
PARATOR
POWER
TO
PULSE
RATE
TEST
PRELIMINARY
ELT
SEL1
DIRO
LED
MOP
MON
16-01-01
Page 2
SA2007P
samessames
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V = 2.5V, V = -2.5V, over the temperature range -10°C to +70°C , unless otherwise specified.)
DDSS
Parameter
Operating temp. Range
Supply Voltage: Positive
Supply Voltage: Negative
Supply Current: Positive
Supply Current: Negative
Symbol
T
O
V
DD
V
SS
I
DD
I
SS
Min
-25
2.25
-2.75-2.25
4.7
4.7
#
Typ
Max
+85
2.75
6.6
6.6
9.4
9.4
Current Sensor Inputs (Differential)
Input Current Range
I
II
-25
+25
Voltage Sensor Input (Asymmetrical)
Input Current Range
Pin VREF
Ref. Current
Ref. Voltage
I
IV
-I
R
V
R
-25
45
1.1
50
1.2
+25
55
1.3
Digital I/O
Pins RLOAD, TCLK, TEST, SEL1,
ELT, SDA
Input High Voltage
Input Low Voltage
V
IH
V
IL
V-1
DD
V+1
SS
Pins MOP, MON, LED, SCL, DIRO
V
Output High Voltage
Output Low Voltage
Pin SDA
Pull up current
OH
V
OL
-I
IL
V-1
DD
V+1
2454
SS
Unit
°C
V
V
mA
mA
µA
µA
µA
V
V
V
V
V
µA
Condition
Peak value
Peak value
With R = 24kW
connected to V
Reference to V
I = -2mA
OH
I = 5mA
OL
V = V
I
SS
SS
SS
Pins TEST, RLOAD, TCLK
Pull down current
I
IH
48110
µA
V = V
I
DD
# Extended Operating Temperature Range available on request.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
ParameterSymbolMinMaxUnit
Supply Voltage V -V-0.36.0V
Current on any pinI-150+150mA
Storage TemperatureT-40+125°C
Operating Temperature T-40+85°C
*Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other condition above those indicated in the operational sections of
this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability.
http://www.sames.co.za
DDSS
PIN
STG
O
2/12
PRELIMINARY
Page 3
SA2007P
PIN DESCRIPTION
DesignationDescription
PIN
samessames
20
8
14
19
1, 2,
3, 4
5
6
7
9, 12
13
15
GND
V
DD
V
SS
IVP
IIN1, IIP1
IIN2, IIP2
VREF
SCL
SDA
MON, MOP
LED
RLOAD
Analog Ground. The voltage to this pin should be mid-way between V and V .
DDSS
Positive supply voltage. The voltage to this pin is typically +2.5V if a shunt resistor is used for
current sensing or in the case of a current transformer a +5V supply can be applied.
Negative supply voltage. The voltage to this pin is typically -2.5V if a shunt resistor is used for
current sensing or in the case of a current transformer a 0V supply can be applied.
The current into the A/D converter should be set at 14µA at nominal mains voltage. The voltage
RMS
sense input saturates at an input current of ±25µA peak.
Inputs for current sensor - channel 1 and channel 2. The shunt resistor voltage from each channel
is converted to a current of 16µA at rated conditions. The current sense input saturates at an
RMS
input current of ±25µA peak.
This pin provides the connection for the reference current setting resistor. A 24kW resistor
connected to V sets the optimum operating condition.
SS
Serial clock output. This output is used to strobe data from the external EEPROM.
Serial data. Send and receive data from an external EEPROM.
Motor pulse outputs. These outputs can be used to drive an impulse counter or stepper motor directly.
Calibration LED output. Refer to section Led Output (LED) for the pulse rate output options.
Configuration reload input. A falling edge will trigger a register reload from the external EEPROM.
16
17
18
10, 11
SEL1
ELT
DIRO
TEST, TCLK
IIP1IVP
IIN2DIRO
IIP2
VREF
SCL
SDA
VDD
MON
Current channel select output. This output indicates which channel is been used for kWh metering.
Earth loop tamper output. This output indicates an earth loop tamper condition.
Direction output. This output indicates the energy flow direction
The SA2007P is a CMOS mixed signal Analog/Digital
integrated circuit, which performs power/energy calculations
across a power range of 1000:1, to an overall accuracy of
better than Class 1.
The integrated circuit includes all the required functions for
single phase power and energy measurement such as
oversampling A/D converters for the voltage and current sense
inputs, power calculation and energy integration. Internal
offsets are eliminated through the use of cancellation
procedures. The SA2007P incorporates an anti-tamper
scheme by continuously measuring the power consumption on
both LIVE and NEUTRAL lines. A fault is indicated when these
measurements differ by more than 12.5%. The SA2007P
generates pulses with a frequency proportional to the larger of
the two current measurements. The source (LIVE or
NEUTRAL) for these pulses is indicated on the SEL1 pin. The
metering of energy consumption is taken from the source,
which shows the higher consumption.
Various pulse outputs (MOP, MON and LED) are available.
The pulse rate on these pins follows the active power
consumption measured.
A low voltage stepper may be driven directly from the device by
connecting it between the MOP and MON pins, alternatively an
impulse counter may be driven directly by connecting it
between MOP and V .
The SA2007P configures itself from an external low cost
EEPROM that contain all meter configurations and calibration
data. No external trimming is required for this device.
Calibration of the meter may be fully automated.
POWER CALCULATION
In Figure 7, the voltage drops across the current transformers
terminating resistors are converted to currents for each
current sense input, by means of resistors R and R (channel
1) as well as R and R (channel 2). The current sense input
saturates at an input current of ±25µA peak.
SS
1011
1213.
ANALOG INPUT CONFIGURATION
The input circuitry of the current and voltage sensor inputs are
illustrated in figure 3. These inputs are protected against
electrostatic discharge through clamping diodes.
The feedback loops from the outputs of the amplifiers A and A
IV
generate virtual shorts on the signal inputs. Exact duplications
of the input currents are generated for the analog signal
processing circuitry.
AUTOMATIC DEVICE CONFIGURATION (BOOT UP)
During power up, registers containing configuration and
calibration information are updated from an external
EEPROM. The device itself never writes to the EEPROM so
any write protect features offered by manufacturer of
EEPROM's may be used to protect the configuration and
calibration data of the meter. The device reloads its
configuration every 1193 seconds from the external EEPROM
in order to ensure correct operation of the meter. Every data
byte stored in the EEPROM is protected with a checksum byte
to ensure data integrity.
ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD)
PROTECTION
The SA2007P integrated circuit's input's/outputs are protected
against ESD.
POWER CONSUMPTION
The power consumption rating of the SA2007P integrated
circuit is less than 30mW.
V
DD
IIP
V
CURRENT
SENSOR
INPUTS
IIN
SS
V
DD
V
SS
V
DD
A
I
The mains voltage (230VAC) is divided down through a divider
to 14V . The current into the A/D converter input is set at
RMS
14µA at nominal mains voltage, via resistor R (1MW).
RMS7
See Device Configuration for more details on the processing of
measured energy to frequency outputs.
http://www.sames.co.za
4/12
IVP
VOLTAGE
SENSOR
INPUT
DR-01288
V
SS
GND
A
V
Figure 3: Analog input internal configuration
PRELIMINARY
Page 5
SA2007P
INPUT SIGNALS
VREF
A bias resistor of 24kW set optimum bias and reference
conditions on chip. Calibration of the SA2007P should be done
as described in the Device Configuration section.
Serial Data (SDA)
The SDA pin connects directly to the SDA pin of an external
EEPROM. The pin is used to transfer data between the
EEPROM to the SA2007P. An external pull up resistor in not
needed.
Serial Clock (SCL)
The SCL pin connects directly to the SCL pin of an external
EEPROM. The SCL output is used to strobe data at a rate of
50kHz out of the EEPROM. An external pull up resistor in not
needed.
Configuration Reload (RLOAD)
A falling edge on the RLOAD pin, will trigger a register update
from the external EEPROM. This feature may be used during
calibration to load updated register data in the SA2007P. For
normal operation of the SA2007P the RLOAD pin may be left
floating.
OUTPUT SIGNALS
Motor output (MOP, MON)
The motor pulse width is programmable for 71ms and 142ms.
The MON pulse will follow the MOP pulse within the selected
pulse width time. This prevents that the motor armature is in
the wrong position after a power failure. Both MOP and MON
outputs are active high. One energy pulse is represented by a
MOP pulse followed by a MON pulse. The motor drive wave
forms are shown in figure 4.
LED output (LED)
Three options for the LED output pulse rate are available, 6400
and 3200 pulses per kWh, as well as a pulse rate of 1252
pulses per second at rated conditions. At 1252 pulse per
second t is 71µs, for the other options t is 10ms. The LED
output is active low as in figure 5.
An integrated anti-creep function prevents any output pulses if
the measured power is less than 0.02% of the meters rated
current.
MOP
LEDLED
VDD
VSS
samessames
Selected Input Indicator (SEL1)
The SA2007P continuously compares the power
consumptions on current channel 1 inputs and current channel
2 inputs. The larger of the two measurements is used for
metering. The SEL1 output pin indicates which channel is
currently being used for the pulse output.
Signal
Output
SEL 1
Value
0
1
Channel 1 selected (IIN1/IIP1)
Channel 2 selected (IIN2/IIP2)
Switching between channels will not be faster than once per
second in case both channels are balanced.
Earth Loop Tamper Indication (ELT)
In case the power measurements from both current channels
differ by more than 12.5%, (indicating a earth loop tamper
condition), the ELT output is set to zero. The SA2007P
continues to generate output pulses from the larger of the two
measured powers in this condition. The ELT output is active low.
Direction Indication (DIRO)
The SA2007P provides information about the energy flow
direction of both current channels on pin DIRO .
A logic 1 on pin DIRO indicates reverse energy flow of both
current channels. Reverse energy flow is defined as the
condition where the voltage sense input and current sense
input are out of phase (greater than 90 degrees). Positive
energy flow, when voltage sense and both current sense input
are in phase, is indicated on pin DIRO as a logic 0.
The DIRO output will toggle between 1 and 0 a rate of 1Hz in
case one of the current channels measure positive energy and
the other negative energy. The condition may accure with a
improper installed or tampered meter.
The DIRO pin may be used to drive a LED in order to indicate
reverse energy.
Signal
Output
DIRO
Value
1
0
1Hz
Reverse energy flow
Forward energy flow
Out of phase current channels
Description
Description
VDD
MON
VSS
DR-01559
t
m
Figure 4: Motor drive on MON and MOP pins
http://www.sames.co.za
VDD
LED
t
t
m
m
VSS
DR-01332
t
LED
Figure 5: LED pulse output
5/12
PRELIMINARY
Page 6
SA2007P
Channel 1
Balance
÷Kc1
Channel 2
Balance
÷Kc2
Earth Leakage
Compensation
Ne
Channel Select (1, 2, auto) Cs
Rated Condition
÷Kr
Counter
Resolution
Cres
Counter
Pulse width
CPW
LED-Constant
Cled
MOPMON
LED
Normally 6400p/kWh
Normally 1253p/s
Channel 1 Power
641454p/s
Channel 2 Power
641454p/s
DEVICE CONFIGURATION
SIGNAL FLOW DESCRIPTION
The following is an overview of the SA2007P's registers. For a
detailed description of each parameter please refer to
parameter description section.
Figure 6 shows the various registers in the SA2007P's power
to pulse rate block. The inputs to this block are two single bit
pulse density modulated signals, each having a pulse rate of
641454 pulses per second at rated conditions. The
parameters Kc1, Kc2, Ne, Cs, Kr, Cres, and Cled contain
values which are read from the external EEPROM during
power up.
The divider registers, Channel 1 Balance and Channel 2
samessames
Balance, are used for calibration and to balance the gain of
each channel. The Earth Leakage Compensation register is
used to compensate for any permissible earth leakage that
may cause the SA2007P to indicate a tamper condition at low
current. The Channel Select register selects the source
(channel 1 or channel 2) which will be used for the pulse output.
Register Rated Condition is used to program the rated
condition of the meter and feeds the registers LED-constant
and Counter Resolution with the applicable pulse rate. These
two registers are programmed to select the LED output rate
and the counter resolution (pulses per kWh) respectively. The Counter Pulse Width register is used to program the pulse
width for the mechanical counter driver output MOP and MON.
http://www.sames.co.za
Figure 6: Signal flow block diagram
6/12
PRELIMINARY
Page 7
SA2007P
PARAMETER DESCRIPTION
Refer to the EEPROM memory allocation map as well as the
Signal flow diagram figure 6, for a description of the registers
used in this section.
EEPROM Memory Allocation
The following table shows the EEPROM memory allocation as
well as the corresponding name. The uneven byte always
contains the XORed byte of the previous even byte. This is the
checksum byte used by the SA2007P to ensure data integrity.
samessames
Kc is made up of 2 bytes, D12 and D14 or D16 or D18 which
forms a 10 bit value.
Rated Condition (KR)
Kr is used to program the rated condition of the meter. This
feature is required for a correct counter increment of meters
designed for different rated conditions using the same
integrated circuit. Rated conditions from less than 10A to
several 100A are possible.
Channel Balance (KC)
Kc defines the dividing factor, which is applied to the incoming
pulse rate. This value is typically 511. This factor is used for
calibration and gain balancing of the 2 current channels. The
value for Kc is usually between 400 and 640.
Description
Channel 1 Balance LSB
Channel 1 Balance MSB
Channel 2 Balance LSB
Channel 2 Balance MSB
Rated Condition
Led Pulse-rate
Counter Pulse-width
Counter Resolution
Earth leak Compensation
Channel Select Mode
2
E Address
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
24
25
26
26
27
The channel balance values should be used to compensate for
rounding errors in Kr. Kr is calculated as follows:
Kr =(1252 x 1000 x 3600)/(Rated volt x Rated current x 6400)-1
Two bits of byte D22 allow for the selection of 3 different LED
Pulse-rate as follows.
D22[1]D22[0]
0
0
1
Refer to LED output section for details on the LED pulse width.
Counter Pulse-Width (CPW)
The pulse with for the mechanical counter driver output is
selectable to accommodate various step-motor and impulsecounter requirements. Bit 6 from byte D24 selects the pulse
rate as follows:
D24[6]
0
1
Counter Resolution (CRES)
Bit 1 and 0 from byte D24 allow for the selection of 3 different
counter resolutions. Note that one energy pulse is represented
by a MOP pulse followed by a MON pulse.
D24[1]D24[0]
0
1
-
0
1
-
Counter Pulse-Width
71ms
142ms
0
0
1
Calibrated LED - Output
6400 p/KWh
3200 p/KWh
1252 pulses/second @rated for
fast calibration
Counter Resolution
1 p/KWh
10 p/KWh
100 p/KWh
Channel Select Mode (CS)
For calibration purposes, the source for the energy metering
may be selected from a specific channel. The ELT-indication is
not influenced, but the metering is taken from the selected
channel only. For normal operation, the channel select mode is
set to automatic mode so that the larger of the two channels is
used for energy measurement. Bits 3 and 2 of byte D26 sets
the channel select mode as follows:
D26[3]D26[2]
-
1
0
Earth Leak Compensation (NE)
Earth leakage in domestic wiring systems could result in
tamper detection at low current levels. The SA2007P caters for
these conditions, by taking possible earth leakage into account
when comparing the power consumption in live and neutral.
The value for the permissible earth leakage is usually around
30mA. It has to be adjusted according to the rated meter
condition and allows for derivations from the 30mA value. The
actual value of the leak current can be calculated from the
following formula:
Ileak = Rated current x Ne
Ileak is the earth leakage current in mA used for correction. this
value is subtracted from the difference measured between live
and neutral power.
Ne is made up of bits 1 and 2 of byte D26 and can be set as
follows:
0
1
1
Metering Source
Automatic, channel 1 or 2 whichever
shows higher consumption
Channel 1
Channel 2
http://www.sames.co.za
8/12
D26[1]
0
0
1
D26[0]
0
1
-
Ne factor
0.15
0.076
0.038
PRELIMINARY
Page 9
SA2007P
TYPICAL APPLICATION
The analog (metering) interface described in this section is
designed for measuring 230V/60A with precision better than
Class 1.
The most important external components for the SA2007P
integrated circuit are the current sense resistors, the voltage
sense resistors and the bias setting resistor. The resistors
used in the metering section should be of the same type so
temperature effects are minimized.
Current Input IIN1, IIP1, IIN2, IIP2
Two current transformers are used to measure the current in
the live and neutral phases. The output of the current
transformer is terminated with a low impedance resistor. The
voltage drop across the termination resistor is converted to a
current that is fed to the differential current inputs of the
SA2007P.
CT Termination Resistor
The voltage drop across the CT termination resistor at rated
current should be at least 20mV. The CTs have low phase shift
and a ratio of 1:2500. The CT is terminated with a 3.6W resistor
giving a voltage drop of 86.4mV across the termination resistor
at rated conditions (I for the meter).
Current Sensor Input Resistors
The resistors R10, R11 and R12, R13 define the current level
into the current sense inputs of the SA2007P. The resistor
values are selected for an input current of 16µA on the current
inputs of the SA2007P at rated conditions. For a 60A meter at
2500:1 CT the resistor values are calculated as follows:
R10 = R11 = ( I / 16µA ) x R / 2
= 60A / 2500 / 16µA x 3.6W / 2
= 2.7kW
I =Line current
L
RSH = CT Termination resistor
2500 = CT ratio
The two current channels are identical so R10 = R11 = R12 =
R13.
Voltage Input IVP
The voltage input of the SA2007P (IVP) is driven with a current
of 14µA at nominal mains voltage. The voltage input saturates
max
LSH
samessames
at approximately 17µA. At a nominal voltage current of 14µA
allows for 20% overdriving. The mains voltage is divided with a
voltage divider to 14V that is fed to the voltage input pins via a
1MW resistor.
Voltage Divider
The voltage divider is calculated for a voltage drop of 14V.
Equations for the voltage divider in figure 4 are:
RA = R1 + R2 + R3
RB = R7 || R5
Combining the two equations gives:
( RA + RB ) / 230V = RB / 14V
Values for resistors R5 = 24kW and R7 = 1MW is chosen.
Substituting the values result in:
RB = 23.437kW
RA = RB x ( 230V / 14V – 1 )
RA = 362kW.
Standard resistor values for R1, R2 and R3 are chosen to be
120kW each.
The capacitor C1 is used to compensate for phase shift
between the voltage sense inputs and the current sense inputs
of the device, in cases where CTs with phase errors are used.
The phase shift caused by the CT may be corrected by
inserting a capacitor in the voltage divider circuit. To
compensate for a phase shift of 0.18 degrees the capacitor
value is calculated as follows:
C = 1 / (2 x p x Mains frequency x R5 x tan (Phase shift angle))
C = 1 / ( 2 x p x 50 x 1MW tan (0.18 degrees ))
C = 1.013µF
Reference Voltage Bias resistor
R6 defines all on chip and reference currents. With R6 = 24kW
optimum conditions are set. Device calibration is done with
calibration data.
Capacitor, 100µF, 16V, electrolytic
Current Transformer
Current Transformer
Transformer, 230V/9V
78LC05, Voltage regulator
Bipolar step motor
400V, Metal oxide varistor
samessames
Detail
DIP-20/SOIC-20
or Similar
or Similar
or Similar
or Similar
Note 2
Note 2
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
Note 4
Note 3
Note 1: Resistor (R10, R11, R12 and R13) values are dependent upon the selected value of R8 and R9
Note 2: See TYPICAL APPLICATION when selected the value of R8 and R9.
Note 3: Capacitor (C4) to be positioned as closed to Supply Pins (V & V ) of U-1, as possible.
Note 4: Capacitor (C1) selected to minimize phase error introduced by current transformer (typically 1.5µF for normal CTs)
http://www.sames.co.za
11/12
DDSS
PRELIMINARY
Page 12
PM9607AP
SA2007P
samessames
samessames
DISCLAIMER:
The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd
("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES.
The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any
circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date.
SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and
SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification, even if such changes would render
information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by
reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer.
Any sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below:
For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit our web site:
SOUTH AFRICAN MICRO-ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
DIVISION OF LABAT TECHNOLOGIES (PTY) LTD
P O BOX 15888
33 ELAND STREET
LYNN EAST 0039
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
energy@sames.co.za
http://www.sames.co.za.
Tel: (012) 333-6021
Tel: Int +27 12 333-6021
Fax: (012) 333-8071
Fax: Int +27 12 333-8071
33 ELAND STREET
KOEDOESPOORT INDUSTRIAL AREA
PRETORIA
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
http://www.sames.co.za
12/12
Loading...
+ hidden pages
You need points to download manuals.
1 point = 1 manual.
You can buy points or you can get point for every manual you upload.