The MP3394S is a step-up controller with 4
current channels. It’s designed to drive WLED
arrays for large-size LCD-panel backlighting
applications. The MP3394S is flexible, and can
expand the number of LED channels with 1 or 2
MP3394S in parallel operating from a single
inductive power source.
The MP3394S uses an architecture of current –
mode and fixed operation frequency The
frequency is programmable by an external
frequency-setting resistor. MP3394S drives an
external MOSFET to boost up the output
voltage from a 5V to 28V input supply. It
regulates the current in each LED string to the
programmed value set by an external currentsetting resistor.
The MP3394S applies 4 internal current
sources for current balance. The current
matching can achieve 2.5% regulation accuracy
between strings. Its low regulation voltage on
LED current sources reduces power loss and
improves efficiency.
FEATURES
• 4-String, Max 200mA/String WLED Driver
• 5V to 28V Input Voltage Range
• 2.5% Current Matching Accuracy Between
Strings
• Programmable Switching Frequency
• PWM or DC Input Burst PWM Dimming
• Open and Short LED Protection
• Programmable Over-Voltage Protection
• Cascading Capability with a Single Power
Source
• Under-Voltage Lockout
• Thermal Shutdown
• TSSOP16EP, SOIC16 and SOIC20
Packages
APPLICATIONS
• Desktop LCD Flat Panel Displays
• Flat Panel Video Displays
• 2D/3D LCD TVs and Monitors
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status, please visit MPS website under Quality Assurance. “MPS” and “The
Future of Analog IC Technology” are Registered Trademarks of Monolithi
Power Systems, Inc.
An external PWM input signal or DC input
signal controls PWM dimming. In DC-input
dimming mode, the dimming PWM signal can
be generated internally and the dimming
frequency is programmed by an external setting
capacitor.
2) The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the
maximum junction temperature T
ambient thermal resistance
. The maximum allowable continuous power dissipation at
T
A
any ambient temperature is calculated by P
(MAX)-TA)/JA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power
dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and the
regulator will go into thermal shutdown. Internal thermal
shutdown circuitry protects the device from permanent
damage.
3) The device is not guaranteed to function outside of its
operation conditions.
MP3394S—4-STRING, MAX 200mA/STRING WHITE LED DRIVER
TSSOP16EP
&SOIC16
Pin #
1 1 COMP
2 2 EN
SOIC20
Pin #
Name Description
Step-up Converter Compensation Pin. This pin compensates the regulation
control loop. Connect a ceramic capacitor from COMP to GND.
Enable Control Input. A voltage greater than 1.8V will turn the part on and
less than 0.6 V will turn the part off.
Brightness Control Input. Apply a PWM signal on this pin for for external
PWM dimming mode. Apply a DC voltage range from 0.2V to 1.2V on this
3 3 DBRT
pin to linearly set the internal dimming duty cycle from 0% to 100% for DCinput PWM dimming mode. The MP3394S has positive dimming polarity on
DBRT.
4 5 GND Ground.
Switching Frequency Set. Connect a resistor between OSC and GND to set
5 7 OSC
the step-up converter’s switching frequency. The voltage at this pin is
regulated to 1.22V. The clock frequency is proportional to the current
sourced from this pin.
LED Current Set. Tie a current-setting resistor from this pin to ground to
6 8 ISET
program the current in each LED string. This pin voltage is regulated to
1.22V. The LED current is proportional to the current through the ISET
resistor.
Dimming Repetition Set. This is the timing pin for the oscillator to set the
dimming frequency. To use DC input PWM dimming mode, connect a
7 9 BOSC
capacitor from this pin to GND to set the internal dimming frequency. A
saw-tooth waveform is generated on this pin. To use external PWM
dimming mode, connect a resistor from this pin to GND, and apply the
PWM signal on DBRT pin.
8 10 LED4
9 11 LED3
LED String 4 Current Input. This pin is the open-drain output of an internal
dimming control switch. Connect the LED String 4 cathode to this pin.
LED String 3 Current Input. This pin is the open-drain output of an internal
dimming control switch. Connect the LED String 3 cathode to this pin.
Do not let this pin float.
10 12 LED2
11 13 LED1
LED String 2 Current Input. This pin is the open-drain output of an internal
dimming control switch. Connect the LED String 2 cathode to this pin.
LED String 1 Current Input. This pin is the open-drain output of an internal
dimming control switch. Connect the LED String 1 cathode to this pin.
Over-Voltage Protection Input. Connect a resistor divider from output to this
12 14 OVP
pin to program the OVP threshold. When this pin voltage reaches 1.23V,
the MP3394S triggers Over Voltage Protection mode.
Current Sense Input. During normal operation, this pin senses the voltage
across the external-inductor current-sensing resistor (R
13 17 ISENSE
current–mode control and also to limit the inductor current during every
) for peak-
SENSE
switching cycle. If this pin is not used for cascading applications, tie this pin
to GND; do not let this pin float.
MP3394S—4-STRING, MAX 200mA/STRING WHITE LED DRIVER
Employing the peak-current mode and a
programmable constant frequency, the MP3394S
is a step-up LED driver with 4 channels or
regulated current sources to drive an array of up
to 4 strings of white LEDs.
Internal Regulator
The MP3394S includes an internal linear
regulator (VCC). When VIN is greater than 6V,
this regulator outputs a 5.8V power supply to the
external MOSFET switch’s gate driver and the
internal control circuitry. The VCC voltage drops
to 0V when the chip shuts down. The MP3394S
features under-voltage lockout (UVLO). The chip
is disabled until VCC exceeds the UVLO
threshold. The UVLO hysteresis is approximately
200mV.
System Startup
When enabled, the MP3394S checks the
topology connection first. The chip monitors the
over-voltage protection (OVP) pin to see if the
Schottky diode is connected or if the boost output
is shorted to GND. An OVP voltage of less than
75mV will disable the chip. The MP3394S also
checks other safety limits, including UVLO and
over-temperature protection (OTP) after passing
the OVP test. If all the protection tests pass, the
chip then starts boosting the step-up converter
with an internal soft-start.
It is recommended that the enable signal is given
after the establishment of the input voltage and
PWM dimming signal during the start-up
sequence.
the error amplifier (V
), the external MOSFET
COMP
turns off.
The output voltage of the internal error amplifier
is an amplified signal of the difference between
the reference voltage and the feedback voltage.
The converter automatically chooses the lowest
active LEDX pin voltage to provide a highenough bus voltage to power all the LED arrays.
If the feedback voltage drops below the reference,
the output of the error amplifier increases. This
result in more current flowing through the
MOSFET, thus increasing the power delivered to
the output. This forms a closed loop that
regulates the output voltage.
Under light-load operation—where V
VIN—
OUT
,the converter runs in pulse-skipping mode where
the MOSFET turns on for a minimum on-time of
approximately 100ns, and then the converter
discharges the power to the output for the
remaining period. The external MOSFET remains
off until the output voltage needs to be boosted
again.
Dimming Control
The MP3394S provides two PWM dimming
methods: external PWM signal or DC-input PWM
dimming mode (see Figure 2).
Ex-PWM Input
DBRT
DPWM
Comparat or
+
-
DPWM Output
C
BOSC
DPWM
Osc illat or
BOSC
Step-Up Converter
The converter’s operating frequency is
programmable (from 100kHz to 500kHz) with an
external set resistor on the OSC pin. This
flexibility helps to optimize the size of external
components and improve the efficiency.
Figure 2—PWM Dimming Method
At the beginning of each cycle, the internal clock
output a signal to turn on the external MOSFET
(minimum turn on time is 100ns). A stabilizing
ramp added to the output of the current sense
amplifier prevents sub-harmonic oscillations for
duty cycles greater than 50 percent. This result is
fed into the PWM comparator. When this
resulting voltage reaches the output voltage of
MP3394S—4-STRING, MAX 200mA/STRING WHITE LED DRIVER
For external PWM dimming, ground the BOSC
pin through a resistor, and apply an external
PWM signal to the DBRT pin.
For DC-input PWM dimming, apply a DC analog
signal to the DBRT pin, and connect a capacitor
on BOSC pin to ground. The DC signal is then
converted to a DPWM dimming signal with a
proportional oscillation frequency.
The brightness of the LED array is proportional to
the duty cycle of the DPWM signal. The DPWM
signal frequency is set by the capacitor from the
BOSC pin to ground.
Open String Protection
Open string protection is achieved through the
OVP pin and the LED (1 to 4) pins. If one or more
strings are open, the respective LEDX pins are
pulled to ground and the IC keeps charging the
output voltage until it reaches the over-voltage
protection (OVP) threshold. Then the chip marks
off the strings which have an LEDX pin voltage
lower than 196mV. Once marked, the remaining
LED strings force the output voltage back into
tight regulation. The string with the largest
voltage drop determines the output regulation.
Short String Protection
The MP3394S monitors the LEDX pin voltages to
determine if a short string fault has occurred. If
one or more strings are shorted, the respective
LEDX pins tolerate high voltage stress. If an
LEDX pin voltage is higher than 6.1V, this
condition triggers the detection of a short string.
When a short string faults (LEDX over-voltage
fault) keeps for 4096 switching clocks, the fault
string is marked OFF and disabled. Once a string
is marked OFF, it disconnects from the output
voltage loop. The marked LED strings shut off
completely until the part restarts. If all strings are
shorted, the MP3394S will shut down the step-up
converter. The strings remain marked OFF until
the chip resets.
Thermal Shut Down Protection
When MP3394S die temperature exceeds the
thermal protection threshold, the thermal
protection is triggered. IC shuts down until EN
restart.
The MP3394S will always attempt to light at least
one string. If all strings are open, the MP3394S
shuts down the step-up converter. The strings
will remain in this marked state until the chip
reset.
MP3394S—4-STRING, MAX 200mA/STRING WHITE LED DRIVER
)
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Selecting the Switching Frequency
The switching frequency of the step-up converter
is recommended from 100kHz to 500kHz for
most of application. An oscillator resistor on OSC
pin sets the internal oscillator frequency for the
step-up converter according to the equation:
f(kHz)
SW
For R
=374k, the switching frequency is set
OSC
to 185 kHz.
Setting the LED Current
The LED string currents are identical and set
through the current setting resistor on the ISET
pin. The ISET pin can not be open.
LED
I(mA)
Selecting the Input Capacitor
The input capacitor reduces the surge current
drawn from the input supply and the switching
noise from the device. The input capacitor
impedance at the switching frequency should be
less than the input source impedance to prevent
the high-frequency switching current from
passing through to the input. Use ceramic
capacitors with X5R or X7R dielectrics for their
low ESR and small temperature coefficients. For
most applications, use a 4.7F ceramic capacitor
in parallel with a 220µF electrolytic capacitor.
Selecting the Inductor and Current Sensing
Resistor
The MP3394S requires an inductor to supply a
higher output voltage while being driven by the
input voltage. A larger value inductor results in
less ripple current, resulting in lower peak
inductor current and reducing stress on the
internal N-channel MOSFET. However, the larger
value inductor has a larger physical size, higher
series resistance, and lower saturation current.
Choose an inductor that does not saturate under
the worst-case load conditions. Select the
minimum inductor value to ensure that the boost
converter works in continuous conduction mode
with high efficiency and good EMI performance.
Calculate the required inductance value using the
equation:
69190
=
R(k)
OSC
800 1.22V
=
×
SET
(R0.5)k
+Ω
Ω
2
is
LOAD
Where V
voltages, f
V D(1D
×××−
L
≥
and V
IN
is the switching frequency, I
SW
OUT
2 f I
××
SWLOAD
V
IN
1D−=
V
OUT
are the input and output
OUT
the LED load current, and is the efficiency.
The switching current is usually used for the peak
current mode control. In order to avoid hitting the
current limit, the voltage across the sensing
resistor R
the worst-case current-limit voltage, V
I
L(PEAK)
Where I
L(PEAK)
current. V
Figure 3—V
must measure less than 80% of
SENSE
SENSE
0.8 V
×
SENSE
R
=
SENSE
VI V(V-V)
OUTLOADINOUT IN
=+
V 2LfV
I
L(PEAK)
××
INSWOUT
×× ×
is the peak value of the inductor
is shown in Figure 3.
SENSE
Vsense vs. Duty Cycle
500
400
300
200
100
CURRENT LIMIT-VSENSE (mV)
0
0 1020 3040 506070 8090100
DUTY CYCLE (%)
vs Duty Cycle
SENSE
.
Selecting the Power MOSFET
The MP3394S is capable of driving a wide variety
of N-channel power MOSFETS. The critical
parameters of selection of a MOSFET are:
MP3394S—4-STRING, MAX 200mA/STRING WHITE LED DRIVER
−
=
4. Gate source charge QGS and gate drain
charge Q
5. Total gate charge, Q
GD
G
Ideally, the off-state voltage across the MOSFET
is equal to the output voltage. Considering the
voltage spike when it turns off, V
DS(MAX)
should be
greater than 1.5 times of the output voltage.
The maximum current through the power
MOSFET occurs at the maximum input voltage
and the maximum output power. The maximum
RMS current through the MOSFET is given by
IID=×
RMS(MAX)IN(MAX)MAX
VV
OUTIN(MIN)
≈
D
MAX
V
, where:
OUT
The current rating of the MOSFET should be
greater than 1.5xI
RMS
The ON resistance of the MOSFET determines
the conduction loss, which is given by:
2
RMScond
(on) DS
kRIP
××=
Where k is the temperature coefficient of the
MOSFET.
The switching loss is related to Q
and Q
GD
which determine the commutation time. Q
GS1
GS1
is
the charge between the threshold voltage and
the plateau voltage when a driver charges the
gate, which can be read in the chart of V
of the MOSFET datasheet. Q
is the charge
GD
vs. QG
GS
during the plateau voltage. These two
parameters are needed to estimate the turn-on
and turn-off losses.
SWDSINSW
Where V
is the threshold voltage, V
TH
plateau voltage, R
is the drain-source voltage. Please note that
V
DS
−
VV
DRTH
×
QR
GDG
VV
DRPLT
G
×××
VIf
−
DSINSW
is the gate resistance, and
PLT
is the
×
QR
GS1G
=×××+
PVIf
calculating the switching loss is the most difficult
part in the loss estimation. The formula above
provides a simplified equation. For more accurate
estimates, the equation becomes much more
complex.
The total gate charge, Q
, is used to calculate
G
the gate drive loss. The expression is
fVQP××
SWDRGDR
Where V
is the drive voltage.
DR
Selecting the Output Capacitor
The output capacitor keeps the output voltage
ripple small and ensures feedback loop stability.
The output capacitor impedance must be low at
the switching frequency. Ceramic capacitors with
X7R dielectrics are recommended for their low
ESR characteristics. For most applications, a
4.7F ceramic capacitor in parallel with a 22F
electrolytic capacitor will suffice.
Setting the Over Voltage Protection
The open string protection is achieved through
the detection of the voltage on the OVP pin. In
some cases, an LED string failure results in the
feedback voltage always zero. The part then
keeps boosting the output voltage higher and
higher. If the output voltage reaches the
programmed OVP threshold, the protection will
be triggered.
To ensure the chip functions properly, select the
resistor values for the OVP resistor divider to
provide an appropriate set voltage. The
recommended OVP point is about 1.1 to 1.2
times higher than the output voltage for normal
operation.
R
V1.23(1 )
=×+
OVP
HIGH
R
LOW
Selecting Dimming Control Mode
The MP3394S provides two different dimming
methods
1. Direct PWM Dimming
An external PWM dimming signal is employed to
achieve PWM dimming control. Connect a 100k
resistor from BOSC pin to GND and apply a
PWM dimming signal—in the range of 100Hz to
20kHz—to the DBRT pin. The minimum
recommended amplitude of the PWM signal is
1.2V. The low level should be less than 0.4V
(See Figure 4).
MP3394S—4-STRING, MAX 200mA/STRING WHITE LED DRIVER
Figure 4—Direct PWM Dimming
Table 1 shows the PWM dimming duty Range
with different PWM dimming frequency for most
of applications.
Table 1 The Range of PWM Dimming Duty
f
(Hz) D
PWM
100<f≤200
200<f≤500
500<f≤1k
1k<f≤2k
2k<f≤5k
5k<f≤10k
10k<f≤20k
D
min
0.30% 100%
0.75% 100%
1.50% 100%
3.00% 100%
7.50% 100%
15.00% 100%
30.00% 100%
max
2. DC Input PWM Dimming
For DC input PWM dimming, apply an analog
signal (ranging from 0.2 V to 1.2V) to the DBRT
pin to modulate the LED current directly. If the
DBRT voltage falls below 0.2V, the PWM duty
cycle will be 0%. If the DBRT voltage goes above
1.2V, the output will be 100% (See Figure 5). The
capacitor on BOSC pin sets the frequency of the
internal triangle waveform according to the
equation.
Expanding LED Channels
The MP3394S can expand the number of LED
channels by using two or three MP3394Ss in
parallel. To connect two MP3394Ss for a total of
8 LED strings, tie the VCC pins of the master IC
and the slave IC together to power the slave IC’s
internal logic circuitry. Tie the COMP pins of the
slave IC and the master IC together to regulate
the voltage of all 8 strings LEDs. The slave IC
MOSFET driving signals are not used; the boost
converter can be only driven by the master IC.
Do not leave the I
pin of the slave IC floating;
SENSE
tie it to ground. Apply the EN and DIM signals to
both ICs. For best results, use external PWM
dimming mode for synchronized and accurate
dimming.
Layout Considerations
The circuit layout for the MP3394S requires
special attention to reduce EMI noise.
The loop from the external MOSFET (M1),
through the output diode (D1) and the output
capacitor (C2, C3) carry a high-frequency pulse
current and must be as small and short as
possible (See Figure 6).
(kHz)= 3.5 / C
f
BOSC
Chose a dimming frequency in the range of
100Hz to 20kHz.
BOSC
(nF)
Figure 6—Layout Consideration
All logic signals refer to the signal ground. In
order to reduce the noise affection, it is
recommend to separate the power ground(PGND)
and signal ground(GND), then connect PGND
and GND together through single joint.
External MOSFET for Short Protection
When output voltage is higher than rating of
LED1-4 pins, external MOSFET is needed for
MP3394S—4-STRING, MAX 200mA/STRING WHITE LED DRIVER
SOIC20
PIN 1 ID
0.013(0.33)
0.020(0.51)
0.024
(0.61)
0.079
(2.00)
RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
SEE DETAIL "A"
20
0.496(12.60)
0.512(13.00)
11
0.291
(7.40)
0.299
(7.60)
1
10
0.394
(10.00)
0.418
(10.60)
TOP VIEW
0.093(2.35)
0.104(2.65)
SEATING PLANE
0.050(1.27)
BSC
0.004(0.10)
0.012(0.30)
FRONT VIEWSIDE VIEW
0.050
(1.27)
0.370
(9.40)
0.009(0.23)
0.013(0.33)
GAUGE PLANE
0.010(0.25) BSC
o
0o-8
0.010(0.25)
0.030(0.75)
0.016(0.41)
0.050(1.27)
DETAIL "A"
x 45
o
NOTE:
1) CONTROL DIMENSION IS IN INCHES. DIMENSION IN
BRACKET IS IN MILLIMETERS.
2) PACKAGE LENGTH DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH,
PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS.
3) PACKAGE WIDTH DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH
OR PROTRUSIONS.
4) LEAD COPLANARITY (BOTTOM OF LEADS AFTER FORMING)
SHALL BE 0.10 MILLIMETERS MAX.
5) DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-013, VARIATION AC.
6) DRAWING IS NOT TO SCALE.
NOTICE: The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Users should warrant and guarantee that third
party Intellectual Property rights are not infringed upon when integrating MPS products into any application. MPS will not
assume any legal responsibility for any said applications.