Datasheet LM 2931 CD Datasheet
LM2931, NCV2931 Series
100 mA, Adjustable Output,
LDO Voltage Regulator with
60 V Load Dump Protection
The LM2931 series consists of positive fixed and adjustable output
voltage regulators that are specifically designed to maintain proper
regulation with an extremely low input−to−output voltage differential.
These devices are capable of supplying output currents in excess of
100 mA and feature a low bias current of 0.4 mA at 10 mA output.
Designed primarily to survive in the harsh automotive environment,
these devices will protect all external load circuitry from input fault
conditions caused by reverse battery connection, two battery jump
starts, and excessive line transients during load dump. This series also
includes internal current limiting, thermal shutdown, and additionally,
is able to withstand temporary power−up with mirror−image insertion.
Due to the low dropout voltage and bias current specifications, the
LM2931 series is ideally suited for battery powered industrial and
consumer equipment where an extension of useful battery life is
desirable. The ‘C’ suffix adjustable output regulators feature an output
inhibit pin which is e xtremely u s eful i n microproces sor−based systems .
Features
• Input−to−Output Voltage Differential of < 0.6 V @ 100 mA
• Output Current in Excess of 100 mA
• Low Bias Current
• 60 V Load Dump Protection
• −50 V Reverse Transient Protection
• Internal Current Limiting with Thermal Shutdown
• Temporary Mirror−Image Protection
• Ideally Suited for Battery Powered Equipment
• Economical 5−Lead TO−220 Package with Two Optional Leadforms
• Available in Surface Mount SOP−8, D
• High Accuracy (±2.5%) Reference (LM2931AC) Available
• Pb−Free Packages are Available
Applications
• Battery Powered Consumer Products
• Hand−held Instruments
• Camcorders and Cameras
SOIC−8
D SUFFIX
CASE 751
FIXED
N.C.
GND
Input
54
(Top View)
N.C.
GND
Output18
2
PAK and DPAK Packages
8
1
ADJUSTABLE
Output
Inhibit
GND
Input
54
(Top View)
Adjust
GND
Output18
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FIXED OUTPUT VOLTAGE
TO−92
Z SUFFIX
CASE 29
TO−220
T SUFFIX
CASE 221AB
DPAK
DT SUFFIX
CASE 369A
D2PAK
D2T SUFFIX
CASE 936
SOT−223
ST SUFFIX
CASE 318H
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
TO−220
TH SUFFIX
CASE 314A
TO−220
TV SUFFIX
CASE 314B
TO−220
T SUFFIX
CASE 314D
D2PAK
D2T SUFFIX
CASE 936A
1
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
3
1
3
3
1
151
1
5
1
5
1
5
Pin 1. Output
2. Ground
3. Input
Pin 1. Input
2. Ground
3. Output
Pin 1. Adjust
2. Output
Inhibit
3. Ground
4. Input
5. Output
ORDERING INFORMATION
See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package
dimensions section on page 12 of this data sheet.
DEVICE MARKING INFORMATION
See general marking and heatsink information in the device
marking section on page 15 of this data sheet.
© Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2007
March, 2007 − Rev. 20
1 Publication Order Number:
LM2931/D
Input
LM2931, NCV2931 Series
Representative Schematic Diagram
6.0
Output
30 k *
Adjust
92.8 k *
Ground
*Deleted on Adjustable Regulators
30 k
3.0 k
11.5 k
6.0 k
3.94 k
350
500
30 k
EPI
Bias
This device contains 26 active transistors.
Output
Inhibit
50 k
30 k
35 k
6.8 V
48 k
180 k 184 k
10 k
5.8 V
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LM2931, NCV2931 Series
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Symbol Value Unit
Input Voltage Continuous V
I
Transient Input Voltage (t ≤ 100 ms) VI(t)
Transient Reverse Polarity Input Voltage
−VI(t)
1.0% Duty Cycle, t ≤ 100 ms
Electrostatic Discharge Sensitivity (ESD)
Human Body Model (HBM) Class 2, JESD22 A114−C
Machine Model (MM) Class A, JESD22 A115−A
Charged Device Model (CDM), JESD22 C101−C
−
−
−
Power Dissipation
Case 29 (TO−92 Type)
TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case
D
R
q
JA
R
q
JC
Case 221A, 314A, 314B and 314D (TO−220 Type)
TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case
D
R
q
JA
R
q
JC
Case 318H (SOT−223)
TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case
D
R
q
JA
R
q
JC
Case 369A (DPAK) (Note 1)
TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case
D
R
q
JA
R
q
JC
Case 751 (SOP−8) (Note 2)
TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case
D
R
q
JA
R
q
JC
Case 936 and 936A (D2PAK) (Note 3)
TA = 25°C P
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Case
Operating Ambient Temperature Range T
Operating Die Junction Temperature T
Storage Temperature Range T
D
R
q
JA
R
q
JC
A
J
stg
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the
Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect
device reliability.
1. DPAK Junction−to−Ambient Thermal Resistance is for vertical mounting. Refer to Figure 25 for board mounted Thermal Resistance.
2. SOP−8 Junction−to−Ambient Thermal Resistance is for minimum recommended pad size. Refer to Figure 24 for Thermal Resistance
variation versus pad size.
3. D2PAK Junction−to−Ambient Thermal Resistance is for vertical mounting. Refer to Figure 26 for board mounted Thermal Resistance.
40 Vdc
60 Vpk
−50− Vpk
2000
200
2000
Internally Limited W
178 °C/W
83 °C/W
Internally Limited W
65 °C/W
5.0 °C/W
Internally Limited W
242 °C/W
21 °C/W
Internally Limited W
92 °C/W
6.0 °C/W
Internally Limited W
160 °C/W
25 °C/W
Internally Limited W
70 °C/W
5.0 °C/W
− 40 to +125 °C
+150 °C
− 65 to +150 °C
V
V
V
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LM2931, NCV2931 Series
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V
= 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 mF, C
in
= 0.3 W, TA = 25°C [Note 4])
O(ESR)
LM2931−5.0/NCV2931−5.0 LM2931A−5.0/NCV2931A−5.0
Characteristic Symbol
Min Typ Max Min Typ Max
FIXED OUTPUT
Output Voltage V
O
Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, TA = 25°C 4.75 5.0 5.25 4.81 5.0 5.19
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V, I
≤ 100 mA,
O
4.50 − 5.50 4.75 − 5.25
TA = −40° to +125°C
Line Regulation Reg
line
Vin = 9.0 V to 16 V − 2.0 10 − 2.0 10
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V − 4.0 30 − 4.0 30
Load Regulation (IO = 5.0 mA to 100 mA) Reg
Output Impedance Z
IO = 10 mA, DIO = 1.0 mA, f = 100 Hz to
load
O
− 14 50 − 14 50 mV
− 200 − − 200 −
10 kHz
Bias Current I
B
Vin = 14 V, IO = 100 mA, TA = 25°C − 5.8 30 − 5.8 30
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V, I
= 10 mA, TA = −40° to
O
− 0.4 1.0 − 0.4 1.0
+125°C
Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz) V
n
− 700 − − 700 −
mVrms
Long Term Stability S − 20 − − 20 − mV/kHR
Ripple Rejection (f = 120 Hz) RR 60 90 − 60 90 − dB
Dropout Voltage VI−V
O
IO = 10 mA − 0.015 0.2 − 0.015 0.2
IO = 100 mA − 0.16 0.6 − 0.16 0.6
Over−Voltage Shutdown Threshold V
Output Voltage with Reverse Polarity Input
(V
= −15 V)
in
th(OV)
−V
O
26 29.5 40 26 29.5 40 V
−0.3 0 − −0.3 0 − V
4. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
5. NCV devices are qualified for automotive use.
Unit
V
mV
mW
mA
V
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LM2931, NCV2931 Series
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V
= 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 mF, C
in
= 0.3 W, TA = 25°C [Note 6])
O(ESR)
LM2931C/NCV2931C LM2931AC/NCV2931AC
Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT
Reference Voltage (Note 7, Figure 18) V
ref
IO = 10 mA, TA = 25°C 1.14 1.20 1.26 1.17 1.20 1.23
I
≤ 100 mA, TA = −40 to +125°C 1.08 − 1.32 1.15 − 1.25
O
Output Voltage Range V
O range
Line Regulation (Vin = VO + 0.6 V to 26 V) Reg
Load Regulation (IO = 5.0 mA to 100 mA) Reg
Output Impedance Z
IO = 10 mA, DIO = 1.0 mA, f = 10 Hz to 10 kHz
Bias Current I
line
load
O
B
3.0 to242.7 to
29.5
− 3.0 to242.7 to
29.5
− V
− 0.2 1.5 − 0.2 1.5 mV/V
− 0.3 1.0 − 0.3 1.0 %/V
− 40 − − 40 −
IO = 100 mA − 6.0 − − 6.0 −
I
= 10 mA − 0.4 1.0 − 0.4 1.0
O
Output Inhibited (V
Adjustment Pin Current I
Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz) V
= 2.5 V) − 0.2 1.0 − 0.2 1.0
th(OI)
Adj
n
− 0.2 − − 0.2 −
− 140 − − 140 −
mVrms/V
Long−Term Stability S − 0.4 − − 0.4 − %/kHR
Ripple Rejection (f = 120 Hz) RR 0.10 0.003 − 0.10 0.003 − %/V
Dropout Voltage VI−V
O
IO = 10 mA − 0.015 0.2 − 0.015 0.2
IO = 100 mA − 0.16 0.6 − 0.16 0.6
Over−Voltage Shutdown Threshold V
Output Voltage with Reverse Polarity Input
(V
= −15 V)
in
Output Inhibit Threshold Voltages V
th(OV)
−V
O
th(OI)
26 29.5 40 26 29.5 40 V
−0.3 0 − −0.3 0 − V
Output “On”: TA = 25°C − 2.15 1.90 − 2.15 1.90
TA = −40° to +125°C − − 1.20 − − 1.20
Output “Off”: TA = 25°C 2.50 2.26 − 2.50 2.26 −
TA = −40° to +125°C 3.25 − − 3.25 − −
Output Inhibit Threshold Current (V
= 2.5 V) I
th(OI)
th(OI)
− 30 50 − 30 50
6. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
7. The reference voltage on the adjustable device is measured from the output to the adjust pin across R1.
V
mW/V
mA
mA
V
V
mA
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LM2931, NCV2931 Series
200
160
120
80
, DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)V
40
−V
in O
0
Figure 1. Dropout Voltage versus Output Current
Figure 1. Dropout Voltage versus Output Current Figure 2. Dropout Voltage versus
Vin = 14 V
DV
= 100 mV
out
TJ = 25°C
0 20406080100
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
300
Vin = 14 V
DV
= 100 mV
out
200
100
, DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)V
−V
in O
0
0 25 50 75 100 125
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
Junction Temperature
350
250
TJ = −40°C
TJ = 25°C
TJ = 85°C
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
V
= 5.0 V
out
TA = 25°C
IO = 100 mA
IO = 50 mA
IO = 10 mA
150
, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
O
I
50
0 5.0 10 15 20 25 30
Dashed lines below Vin = 5.0 V
are for Adjustable output devices only.
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 3. Peak Output Current versus Input Voltage
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
O
V
1.0
0
−20−10 0 102030405060
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
VCC = 15 V
V
= 5.05 V
FB1
V
= 5.0 V
out
RL = 500 W
TA = 25°C
2.0
, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
O
V
1.0
RL = 50 W
0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
IO = 100 mA
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 4. Output Voltage versus Input Voltage
(10 V/DIV)
, INPUT VOLTAGE, OUTPUT VOLTAGE
in
V
0
0
(5.0 V/DIV)
O
V
t, TIME (50 ms/DIV)
Figure 5. Output Voltage versus Input Voltage Figure 6. Load Dump Characteristics
V
= 5.0 V
out
RL = 50 W
CO = 100 mF
t = 150 ms
TA = 25°C
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LM2931, NCV2931 Series
t
8.0
6.0
4.0
, BIAS CURRENT (mA)
B
I
12
10
V
= 5.0 V
out
TJ = 25°C
RL = 50 W
RL = 100 W
, BIAS CURRENT (mA)
B
I
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
Vin = 14 V
V
= 5.0 V
out
TJ = 25°C
2.0
RL = 500 W
0
−20−10 0 102030405060
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 7. Bias Current versus Input Voltage
8.0
Vin = 14 V
V
= 5.0 V
out
6.0
IO = 100 mA
0
020406080100
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Figure 8. Bias Current versus Output Current
2.0
Vin = 14 V
V
= 5.0 V
1.6
1.2
out
IO = 10 mA
DIO = 1.0 mA
CO = 100 mF
TJ = 25°C
Ω
4.0
, BIAS CURRENT (mA)
B
I
2.0
IO = 50 mA
0.8
, OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ( )
0.4
O
I
C
O(ESR)
Electrolytic
= 0.3 W
C
O(ESR)
= 0.15 W
Tantulum
IO = 0 mA
0
−55 −25 0 25 50 75 100 125
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
0
10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M 10 M
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 9. Bias Current versus Junction Temperature Figure 10. Output Impedance versus Frequency
95
95
85
C
= 0.15 W
O(ESR)
Tantulum
75
Vin = 14 V
V
= 5.0 V
out
DVin = 100 mV
RL = 500 W
CO = 100 mF
65
TJ = 25°C
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (dB)
C
O(ESR)
Electrolytic
= 0.3 W
55
10 100 1.0 k 1.0 M 10 M
10 k 100 k
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
85
Vin = 14 V
V
= 5.0 V
75
out
f = 120 Hz
TJ = 25°C
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (dB)
65
020406080100
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Figure 11. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency Figure 12. Ripple Rejection versus Output Curren
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