Comtech EF Data is an ISO 9001
Registered Company
CMR-5930
Digicast Media Router PID Filter ASI
Comtech EF Data, 2114 West 7th Street, Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA, (480) 333-2200, FAX: (480) 333-2161
Installation and Operation Manual
Part Number MN/PIDFILDC.IOM
Revision A
May 10, 2007
Copyright © Comtech EF Data, 2007. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA.
CMR-5930 Digicast Media Router PID Filter ASI Revision A
MN/PIDFILDC.IOM
Table of Contents
PREFACE.................................................................................................................................... V
Customer Support....................................................................................................................................... v
About this Manual .....................................................................................................................................vi
Reporting Comments or Suggestions Concerning this Manual............................................................... vi
Conventions and References.....................................................................................................................vi
Cautions and Warnings............................................................................................................................vi
Metric Conversion..................................................................................................................................vii
Recommended Standard Designations...................................................................................................vii
Trademarks.............................................................................................................................................vii
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Compliance..............................................................................vii
Emissions Compliance ...........................................................................................................................vii
EN61000 Compliance.............................................................................................................................vii
Safety Compliance ...................................................................................................................................viii
EN60950................................................................................................................................................ viii
Low Voltage Directive (LVD) ..............................................................................................................viii
Warranty Policy.........................................................................................................................................ix
Limitations of Warranty ..........................................................................................................................ix
Exclusive Remedies.................................................................................................................................. x
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................1–1
1.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................ 1–1
1.2 Standard Features......................................................................................................................1–1
1.3 Performance...............................................................................................................................1–2
1.3.1 ASI-to-ASI Support ............................................................................................................ 1–2
1.4 Configuration.............................................................................................................................1–2
1.5 Specifications..............................................................................................................................1–3
1.6 Terminology ...............................................................................................................................1–5
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CHAPTER 2. INSTALLATION & INITIAL CONFIGURATION.................................................2-1
2.1 Major Assembly..........................................................................................................................2-1
2.2 Unpacking....................................................................................................................................2-1
2.3 Installation...................................................................................................................................2-2
2.4 Initial Configuration...................................................................................................................2-3
CHAPTER 3. INTERFACE PINOUTS......................................................................................3-1
3.1 Pinout Overview..........................................................................................................................3-1
3.2 DC Power.....................................................................................................................................3-1
3.3 RJ-45 Ethernet............................................................................................................................3-1
3.4 RJ-12 Redundancy (FUTURE)..................................................................................................3-2
3.5 RJ-12 Terminal...........................................................................................................................3-2
3.6 BNC ASI (Typical RX and TX).................................................................................................3-2
3.7 RS-422..........................................................................................................................................3-2
CHAPTER 4. DEVICE MANAGEMENT VIA USER INTERFACES.....................................4-1
4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................4-1
4.2 Web Interface..............................................................................................................................4-1
4.2.1 Administrative Configuration ..............................................................................................4-2
4.2.2 Syslog Configuration ...........................................................................................................4-4
4.2.3 Network Configuration ........................................................................................................4-5
4.2.4 Egress Configuration............................................................................................................4-6
4.2.5 IGMP Configuration ............................................................................................................4-7
4.2.6 Unicast Routing Configuration ............................................................................................4-8
4.2.7 ASI MPE/IP Configuration..................................................................................................4-9
4.2.8 ASI MPEG Transport Stream Route Configuration...........................................................4-10
4.2.9 Service Filter Route Configuration....................................................................................4-11
4.2.10 Statistics .............................................................................................................................4-12
4.3 Terminal Interface....................................................................................................................4-13
4.3.1 Main Menu.........................................................................................................................4-14
4.3.2 Administration Menu .........................................................................................................4-14
4.3.2.1 Port Number Configuration.......................................................................................4-14
4.3.3 ASI Configuration Menu....................................................................................................4-15
4.3.3.1 ASI MPE/IP Configuration Menu.............................................................................4-15
4.3.3.2 ASI Service Filter Configuration Menu ....................................................................4-16
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4.3.3.3 ASI MPEG TS Configuration Menu.........................................................................4-16
4.3.4 IGMP Configuration Menu................................................................................................4-17
4.3.5 Egress Configuration Menu ...............................................................................................4-17
4.3.6 Stats Menu..........................................................................................................................4-18
4.3.6.1 Ethernet Stats Menus.................................................................................................4-19
4.3.6.2 ASI Stats menu..........................................................................................................4-19
4.3.6.2.1 ASI MPE/IP Stats Menu........................................................................................4-20
4.3.6.2.1.1 Detailed ASI MPE/IP Stats Menu .................................................................4-20
4.3.6.2.1.2 Detailed ASI MPE/IP Advanced Stats Menu................................................4-21
4.3.6.2.2 ASI MPEG TS Stats Menu....................................................................................4-21
4.3.6.2.2.1 Detailed ASI MPEG TS Stats Menu .............................................................4-22
4.3.6.2.2.2 Detailed ASI MPEG TS Advanced Stats Menu ............................................4-22
4.3.6.2.3 Service Filter Stats Menu ......................................................................................4-23
4.3.7 Network Configuration Menu............................................................................................4-23
4.3.8 Unicast Routing Configuration Menu................................................................................4-24
4.4 Telnet Interface.........................................................................................................................4-24
4.5 Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)....................................................................................4-25
4.6 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) (Future)....................................................4-26
APPENDIX A. SOFTWARE UPGRADE ............................................................................ A–1
A.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................... A–1
A.2 Web Interface............................................................................................................................A–2
A.3 Telnet or Terminal Interface...................................................................................................A–3
APPENDIX B. SYSTEM LOG CONFIGURATION.............................................................B–1
B.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................B–1
B.2 Enabling a System Logger.........................................................................................................B–1
Tables
Table 1-1. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI Specifications.................................................................1–4
Table 2-1. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI – Standalone Configuration............................................2-1
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Figures
Figure 1-1. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI – Front Panel ................................................................1–1
Figure 1-2. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI.......................................................................................1–3
Figure 1-3. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI – Rear Panel .................................................................1–3
Figure 3-1. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI – Rear Panel .................................................................3-1
Figure 4-1. Connecting to the CMR-5930.................................................................................................4-1
Figure 4-2. Home (“Splash”) page.............................................................................................................4-2
Figure 4-3. Administrative Configuration page.........................................................................................4-2
Figure 4-4. Syslog Configuration page......................................................................................................4-4
Figure 4-5. Network Configuration page...................................................................................................4-5
Figure 4-6. Egress Configuration page......................................................................................................4-6
Figure 4-7. IGMP Configuration page.......................................................................................................4-7
Figure 4-8. Unicast Routing Configuration page .......................................................................................4-8
Figure 4-9. ASI MPE/IP Configuration page.............................................................................................4-9
Figure 4-10. ASI MPEG Transport Stream Route Configuration page...................................................4-10
Figure 4-11. Service Filter Route Configuration page.............................................................................4-11
Figure 4-12. Statistics page......................................................................................................................4-12
Figure 4-13. Menu Hierarchy (via Terminal Interface) ...........................................................................4-13
Figure 4-14. Main Menu..........................................................................................................................4-14
Figure 4-15. Administration Menu ..........................................................................................................4-14
Figure 4-16. ASI Configuration Menu.....................................................................................................4-15
Figure 4-17. ASI MPE/IP Configuration Menu.......................................................................................4-15
Figure 4-18. ASI Service Filter Configuration Menu..............................................................................4-16
Figure 4-19. ASI MPEG TS Configuration Menu...................................................................................4-16
Figure 4-20. IGMP Configuration Menu.................................................................................................4-17
Figure 4-21. Egress Configuration Menu ................................................................................................4-17
Figure 4-22. Stats Menu...........................................................................................................................4-18
Figure 4-23. Stats Menu Hierarchy (via Terminal Interface) ..................................................................4-18
Figure 4-24. Ethernet Stats Menu............................................................................................................4-19
Figure 4-25. ASI Stats Menu...................................................................................................................4-19
Figure 4-26. ASI MPE/IP Stats Menu .....................................................................................................4-20
Figure 4-27. Detailed ASI MPE/IP Stats Menu.......................................................................................4-20
Figure 4-28. Detailed ASI MPE/IP Advanced Stats Menu......................................................................4-21
Figure 4-29. ASI MPEG TS Stats Menu..................................................................................................4-21
Figure 4-30. Detailed ASI MPEG TS Stats Menu...................................................................................4-22
Figure 4-31. Detailed ASI MPEG TS Stats Menu...................................................................................4-22
Figure 4-32. Service Filter Stats Menu....................................................................................................4-23
Figure 4-33. Network Configuration Menu.............................................................................................4-23
Figure 4-34. Unicast Routing Configuration Menu.................................................................................4-24
Figure 4-35. Starting Telnet Session ........................................................................................................4-24
Figure 4-36. Main Menu via Telnet.........................................................................................................4-25
Figure A-1. TFTP Download (via Web Interface)...................................................................................A–2
Figure A-2. Sample TFTP (Telnet shown) ..............................................................................................A–3
Figure A-3. TFTP Download (Telnet shown)..........................................................................................A–4
iv
Customer Support
Contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department for:
• Product support or training
• Reporting comments or suggestions concerning manuals
• Information on upgrading or returning a product
A Customer Support representative may be reached at:
Comtech EF Data
Attention: Customer Support Department
2114 West 7th Street
Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA
480.333.2200 (Main Comtech EF Data number)
480.333.4357 (Customer Support Desk)
To return a Comtech EF Data product (in-warranty and out-of-warranty) for repair or replaceme nt:
For Online Customer Support:
An RMA number request can be requested electronically by contacting the Customer Support
Department through the online support page at
For information regarding this product’s warranty policy, refer to the Warranty Policy, p. ix.
480.333.2161 FAX
• Contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department. Be prepared to supply the
Customer Support representative with the model number, serial number, and a description
of the problem.
• Request a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number from the Comtech EF Data
Customer Support representative.
• Pack the product in its original shipping carton/packaging to ensure that the product is not
damaged during shipping.
• Ship the product back to Comtech EF Data. (Shipping charges should be prepaid.)
• Click on “Return Material Authorization” for detailed instructions on our return
procedures.
• Click on the “RMA Request Form” hyperlink, then fill out the form completely before
sending.
• Send e-mail to the Customer Support Department at service@comtechefdata.com.
Preface
www.comtechefdata.com/support.asp:
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About this Manual
This manual provides installation and operation information, functional capabilities,
and performance specifications for the Comtech EF Data (CEFD) CMR-5930 Digicast
PID Filter ASI. It additionally provides information on how to connect the CMR-5930
to other data transport equipment.
This is a technical document intended for earth station engineers, technicians, and
operators responsible for the operation and maintenance of the CMR-5930.
Reporting Comments or Suggestions Concerning this Manual
Comments and suggestions regarding the content and design of this manual are
appreciated. To submit comments, send e-mail to the Comtech EF Data Technical
Publications Department at
techpub@comtechefdata.com.
Conventions and References
Cautions and Warnings
IMPORTANT or NOTE indicates a statement that is associated with the task
being performed or information critical for proper equipment function.
CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, may result in
minor or moderate injury. CAUTION may also be used to indicate other
unsafe practices or risks of property damage.
WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided,
could result in death or serious injury.
IMPORTANT
\
Examples of
Multi-Hazard Formats
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Metric Conversion
Metric conversion information is located on the inside back cover of this manual. This
information is provided to assist the operator in cross-referencing non-Metric to Metric
conversions.
Recommended Standard Designations
Recommended Standard (RS) Designations are interchangeable with the designation of
the Electronic Industries Association (EIA).
Trademarks
Windows is a trademark of the Microsoft Corporation.
Other product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective companies and are hereby acknowledged. Comtech EF
Data neither endorses nor otherwise sponsors any such production or services referred
herein.
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Compliance
This is a Class B product. In a domestic environment, it may cause radio interference that
requires the user to take adequate protection measures.
Emissions Compliance
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commision (FCC) rules, and
EN55022 Class B requirements (pending).
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
EN61000 Compliance
This equipment meets the EMC/immunity characteristics for the limits and methods of
measurement for information technology equipment as per EN61000-4-2, EN61000-4-3,
EN61000-4-4, EN61000-4-5 and EN61000-4-11 (pending).
This equipment meets the EMC/immunity characteristics for the limits and methods of
measurement of mains harmonics & flicker for information technology equipment as per
EN61000-3-2 and EN61000-3-3 (pending).
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Safety Compliance
EN60950
Applicable testing is routinely performed as a condition of manufacturing on all units to
ensure compliance with safety requirements of EN60950. This equipment meets the
Safety of Information Technology Equipment specification as defined in EN60950.
Low Voltage Directive (LVD)
The following information is applicable for the European Low Voltage Directive
(EN60950):
<HAR> Type of power cord required for use in the European Community.
!
International Symbols:
Symbol Definition Symbol Definition
~
NOTE
CAUTION: Double-pole/Neutral Fusing
ACHTUNG: Zweipolige bzw. Neutralleiter-Sicherung
Alternating Current
For additional symbols, refer to Cautions and Warnings listed
earlier in this Preface.
Fuse
Protective Earth /
Safety Ground
Chassis Ground
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Warrant y Policy
Comtech EF Data products are warranted against defects in material and
workmanship for a period of two years from the date of shipment. During the
warranty period, Comtech EF Data will, at its option, repair or replace products
that prove to be defective.
For equipment under warranty, the owner is responsible for freight to Comtech EF
Data and all related customs, taxes, tariffs, insurance, etc. Comtech EF Data is
responsible for the freight charges only for return of the equipment from the factory
to the owner. Comtech EF Data will return the equipment by the same method (i.e.,
Air, Express, Surface) as the equipment was sent to Comtech EF Data.
All equipment returned for warranty repair must have a valid RMA number issued
prior to return and be marked clearly on the return packaging. Comtech EF Data
strongly recommends all equipment be returned in its original packaging.
Comtech EF Data Corporation’s obligations under this warranty are limited to
repair or replacement of failed parts, and the return shipment to the buyer of the
repaired or replaced parts.
Limitations of Warranty
The warranty does not apply to any part of a product that has been installed,
altered, repaired, or misused in any way that, in the opinion of Comtech EF Data
Corporation, would affect the reliability or detracts from the performance of any
part of the product, or is damaged as the result of use in a way or with equipment
that had not been previously approved by Comtech EF Data Corporation.
The warranty does not apply to any produ ct or parts thereof where the serial number
or the serial number of any of its parts has been altered, defaced, or removed.
The warranty does not cover damage or loss incurred in transportation of the product.
The warranty does not cover replacement or repair necessitated by loss or damage
from any cause beyond the control of Comtech EF Data Corporation, such as
lightning or other natural and weather related events or wartime environments.
The warranty does not cover any labor involved in the removal and or
reinstallation of warranted equipment or parts on site, or any labor required to
diagnose the necessity for repair or replacement.
The warranty excludes any responsibility by Comtech EF Data Corporation for
incidental or consequential damages arising from the use of the equipment or
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products, or for any inability to use them either separate from or in combination
with any other equipment or products.
A fixed charge established for each product will be imposed for all equipment
returned for warranty repair where Comtech EF Data Corporation cannot identify
the cause of the reported failure.
Exclusive Remedies
Comtech EF Data Corporation’s warranty, as stated is in lieu of all other
warranties, expressed, implied, or statutory, including those of merchantability
and fitness for a particular purpose. The buyer shall pass on to any purchaser,
lessee, or other user of Comtech EF Data Corporation’s products, the
aforementioned warranty, and shall indemnify and hold harmless Comtech EF
Data Corporation from any claims or liability of such purchaser, lessee, or user
based upon allegations that the buyer, its agents, or employees have made
additional warranties or representations as to product preference or use.
The remedies provided herein are the buyer’s sole and exclusive remedies.
Comtech EF Data shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or
consequential damages, whether based on contract, tort, or any other legal theory.
x
Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION
Figure 1-1. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI – Front Panel
1.1 Introduction
The Comtech EF Data (CEFD) CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI receives an MPEG-2
Asynchronous Serial Interface (ASI) input and outputs an MPEG-2 ASI stream that has
been filtered, Program Clock Reference (PCR) restamped, and the egress rate is adjusted
to the user’s desired configured rate.
The CMR-5930 provides unparalleled price vers us perf ormance, a nd is c urrentl y the m ost
economical ASI-to-ASI conditioning device available.
1.2 Standard Features
Based on an embedded architecture utilizing a Freescale MPC859 CPU and eCOS
Operating System, the CMR-5930 provides the following features:
• High Reliability
• ASI Input and ASI Output rates as high as 213 Mbps
• Support for all valid PIDs in 8192 range
• 128 PIDs
• MPEG-2 188/204-byte operation
• Configurable Telnet and HTTP ports for security
• Color LEDs for status monitoring and rapid fault isolation
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• Management (monitor, control and configuration):
o Web Interface
o Terminal Interface
o Telnet
o TFTP for remote field software/firmware upgrade
o SNMP V2 (Private and MIB II) Support (Future)
1.3 Performance
The CMR-5930 features the following performance characteristics:
Item Value
Maximum Ingress Rate Setting (ASI) 213 Mbps
Maximum Egress Rate Setting (RS-422) 213 Mbps
Frame Modes 188 or 204 Byte Mode
PCR Restamping
Latency Less than 10 mS
Yes
(Less than 100 nS maximum additional jitter)
1.3.1 ASI-to-ASI Support
The CMR-5930 provides state-of-the-art ASI-to-ASI conditioning and filtering based on
the ISO/IEC 13818-1 and DVB MPE Specification for Data Broadcasting (EN 301 192).
The CMR-5930 provides the following configuration features:
• ASI Input:
• ASI Output:
1.4 Configuration
The CMR-5930 receives an MPEG-2 Asynchronous Serial Interface (ASI) input and
outputs an MPEG-2 ASI stream that has been filtered, Program Clock Reference (PCR)
restamped, and the egress rate is adjusted to the user’s desired configured rate.
A typical CMR-5930 application is shown in
o Automatic 188/204-byte mode format detection
o Input rates up to 213 Mbps supported
o Configurable 188/204-byte mode egress format
o Configurable Egress rate
Figure 1-2.
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Figure 1-2. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI
1.5 Specifications
Figure 1-3. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI – Rear Panel
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Table 1-1. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI Specifications
Parameter Specification
Dimensions 7.125” L x 8.125” W x 1.72” H (18.1L x 20.6W x 4.4H cm)
Weight < 6 lbs (2.7 kg)
Power 2.5 mm with screw type connector
RS-422 DB-9 (male)
Physical
Electrical
Environmental
ASI RX
ASI TX
Ethernet
(10/100BaseT)
Terminal
Redundancy
(Future)
Blue PWR
Green RED
Red ALARM
Green SYNC
LEDs
Power Input /
Consumption
RS-422 Not active
ASI RX
ASI TX
Ethernet
(10/100BaseT)
Console
Redundancy
(Future)
Temperature
Operating
Storage
(Non-operating)
Humidity
Operating 10 to 75% Non-condensing
Storage
(Non-operating)
Altitude
Operating Up to 10,000 feet (3048 m) above sea level
Storage
(Non-operating)
Green E-SPD
Amber E-COL
Green E-RX
Green E-TX
Green E-LINK
BNC
RJ-45
RJ-12
100 to 200 VAC 47-63 Hz converted to +5VDC @ 2.5A
EN50083-9
IEEE 802.3u
RS-232
32° to 104° Farenheit (0° to 40° Celsius)
-22° to 150° Farenheit (-30° to 65° Celsius)
Relative humidity to 95% with temperature ≤ 95° Farenheit (35° Celsius)
Survival up to 50,000 feet (15240 m) above sea level for up to 15 hours
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1.6 Terminology
The following table defines the acronyms referred to throughout this manual:
Acronym Definition
ASI
ARP
CEFD
CSA
DVB
DVB-S
DVB-S2
EBU
ECMG
EMMG
ETS
FTP
HTML
HTTP
IANA
IGMP
IP
IRD
LAN
MAC
Mbps
MIB
MPE
MPEG
MPEGTS
Msps
MUX
PCR
PID
RS
SNMP
SYSLOG
TCP
TERM
TFTP
TSD
UDP
VLAN
Asynchronous Serial Interface
Address Resolution Protocol
Comtech EF Data
Common Scrambling Algorithm
Digital Video Broadcasting
Digital Video Broadcasting – Satellite
Digital Video Broadcasting – Satellite (Second Generation)
European Broadcasting Union
Entitlement Control Message Generator
Entitlement Management Message Generator
European Telecommunications Standard
File Transfer Protocol
HyperText Markup Language
HyperText Transport Protocol
Internet Assigned Number Authority
Internet Gateway Messaging Protocol
Internet Protocol
Integrated Receiver Decoder
Local Area Network
Media Access Control
Mega bits per second
Management Information Base
Multi-Protocol Encapsulation
Moving Pictures Expert Group
Moving Pictures Expert Group Transport System
Million samples per second
Multiplexer
Program Clock Reference
Packet Identifier
Reed-Solomon
Simple Network Management Protocol
System Log
Transmission Control Protocol
Terminal
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Transport Stream Demultiplexer
User Datagram Protocol
Virtual Local Area Network
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Notes:
1–6
Chapter 2. INSTALLATION &
INITIAL CONFIGURATION
2.1 Major Assembly
The CMR-5930 is available in a standalone configuration. Table 2-1 lists the components
provided with a standard configuration. In the event any listed item is missing, please
contact Comtech EF Data Customer Support:
Table 2-1. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI – Standalone Configuration
Quantity Description
1 CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI
1 SPU24-102 Power Supply
1 IEC Power Cable
1 CA-TERMINAL Terminal Cable
1 CD (includes this manu al and the Quick Start reference)
1 Quick Start sheet
2.2 Unpacking
The shipping container and packing materials should be retained for possible reshipment.
Perform a receiving inspection as follows:
• Inspect the shipping container for damage. If there is damage to the shipping
• Check to determine that all parts, materials and documentation have been
• Inspect the CMR-5930 for possible physical damage.
• Test the CMR-5930 for proper operation.
container,
shipped with the CMR-5930.
notify the carrier.
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• Contact Comtech EF Data Customer Support if the shipment is:
! Incomplete
! Physically damaged
! Inoperable
2.3 Installation
The CMR-5930 is designed for ease of installation and configuration. Once the unit
has been removed from the packing container, follow these instructions:
Step Procedure
1 Place the CMR-5930 on a flat surface with free-air flow where the LEDs can be
clearly observed with unrestricted access to the rear panel of the unit.
2 Connect the DC power connection to the connection labeled PWR on the back
of the unit and tighten the restraining nut to ensure secure operation.
3 Connect an RJ-45 Ethernet cable (patch cord) to the port labeled ETHERNET.
This cable should be connected to an Ethernet concentrator (hub) or switch.
4 Connect a terminal cable (supplied) to the port labeled TERM. This cable should
be connected to a PC’s serial port (DB-9) to initially configure the CMR-5930.
5 Connect the AC power cord between a standard wall outlet and the power
supply. The blue LED will illuminate.
6
IMPORTANT
7 Upon startup, the LEDs on the CMR-5930 front panel become operational as follows:
LED
Blue
Red
Green
Green
Amber
Green
Green
Green
It is recommend that the ASI cables NOT be connected until the unit
has been completely configured.
Function
Label
PWR
ALARM
SYNC
RED
E-COL
E-RX
E-TX
E-LINK
Description
LED illuminates if power is properly applied
LED may illuminate since the unit is not yet
configured
LED illuminates if the ASI in SYNC is detected
LED will not illuminate – reserved for future
redundancy functionality
LED flashes if there are collisions on the
Ethernet switch
LED flashes if there is activity on the switch
LED flashes if the unit is transmitting data to
the Ethernet
LED illuminates if the Ethernet connection to
the Hub/Switch is operational
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2.4 Initial Configuration
The initial configuration involves setting up the IP parameters via the terminal cable.
Once the IP parameters have been configured, the terminal cable can be removed. The
terminal cable should be stored in a known location, since it may be needed in the future.
Step Procedure
1 Using a terminal emulator on a PC such as HyperTerminal™ or TeraTerm™,
set up the communication port as follows:
• 38,400 BAUD
• 8 Data Bits
• 1 Stop Bit
• No Parity
• No Flow Control
2 Press the <ENTER> key on the PC – the CMR-5930’s menu should be
displayed.
3 Press “N” for the Network Configuration Menu.
4 Press “I” for the IP Address. Enter the IP Address and press <ENTER>.
5 Press “M” for the Subnet Mask. Enter the Subnet Mask and press
<ENTER>.
6 Press “G” for the Default Gateway IP Address. Enter the Default
Gateway Address and press <ENTER>.
7 Press “S” to save the parameters.
8 Press “Y” to confirm the saving of parameters.
9 Press “X” to exit to the Main Menu.
To configure the IP parameters:
10 Press “E” to enter the Egress Configuration Menu.
11 Press “F” to set the Framing Mode to 188 or 204.
12 Press “R” to set the Clock Rate in Mbps.
13 Press “S” to save the parameters.
14 Press “Y” to confirm the saving of parameters.
15 Press “X” to exit to the Main Menu.
16 Press “D” to enter the ASI Configuration Menu.
17 Press “F” to configure the PIDs on the ASI Service Filter Configuration
Menu. Select a number to enter a valid PID.
18 Press “S” to save the parameters.
19 Press “Y” to confirm the saving of parameters.
20 Press “X” to exit the menu.
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At this point, the unit has been configured for full operation on ASI-RX (input) to
ASI-TX (output) and the terminal cable may be removed. The ASI input and output
cables may now be safely attached to their respective ports.
For continued operation, the unit may be managed via the Terminal Interface; however, it
is recommended to use the Web Interface for ease of management.
Notes:
2-4
Chapter 3. INTERFACE PINOUTS
3.1 Pinout Overview
The rear panel interface (Figure 3-1) provides all necessary external connections between
the CMR-5930 and other equipment.
Figure 3-1. CMR-5930 Digicast PID Filter ASI – Rear Panel
3.2 DC Power
3.3 RJ-45 Ethernet
Pin Definition
Center +5VDC
Outer Ring GND
Pin Definition
1 TXD+
2 TXD3 RXD+
4 N/C
5 N/C
6 RXD7 N/C
8 N/C
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3.4 RJ-12 Redundancy (FUTURE)
Pin Definition
1 GND
2 TXD
3 RXD
4 GND
5 N/C
6 N/C
3.5 RJ-12 Terminal
Pin Definition
1 GND
2 TXD
3 RXD
4 GND
5 N/C
6 N/C
3.6 BNC ASI (Typical RX and TX)
Pin Definition
Center 8B/10B 270 Mbps
Outer Ring GND
3.7 RS-422
Pin Definition
1 GND
2 N/C
3 N/C
4 ETxCB(-)
5 TxCB(-)
6 TxDA(-)
7 RxCB(-)
8 RxDB(-)
9 Signal Ground
10 N/C
11 ETxCA(+)
12 TxCA(+)
13 TxDA(+)
14 RxCA(+)
15 RxDA(+)
3-2
Chapter 4. DEVICE MANAGEMENT
VIA USER INTERFACES
4.1 Introduction
Management of the CMR-5930 is simple and intuitive. There are a variety of ways to
configure and manage the CMR-5930:
• Web Interface via a LAN-based desktop Web browser
• Terminal Interface via direct connection to a PC’s asynchronous serial port
• Telnet Interface via a LAN
• TFTP for remote terminal upgrades
• SNMP Private MIB and MIB II (Future)
4.2 Web Interface
The Web Interface, operating under standard HyperText Transport Protocol (HTTP), is
used to communicate with and command the CMR-5930 via a HyperText Markup
Language-based Graphical User Interface (GUI). To utilize the Web Interface, a LAN
connection must exist between a PC with a Web browser and the CMR-5930.
Once a valid IP Address, Subnet Mask and Default Gateway have been entered into the
CMR-5930, activate a Web browser on the desktop, then enter the IP address for the
CMR-5930 into the URL field as shown in the
has been modified from the standard 80 via the Terminal Interface, then the port number
must be appended with a colon to the IP address.
Figure 4-1. Connecting to the CMR-5930
A successful connection between the PC and the CMR-5930 will result in the display of
the “splash page” shown in the
4-1
Figure 4-2 example.
Figure 4-1 example. If the port number
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Figure 4-2. Home (“Splash”) page
4.2.1 Administrative Configuration
Figure 4-3. Administrative Configuration page
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Beginning with the Administrative Configuration page (Figure 4-3), al
es containing configurable parameters feature a login dialog box a
IMPORTANT
the bottom of the page. Changes to the CMR-5930 configuration will no
be accepted without a valid user name and password.
The CMR-5930 Administrative Configuration page contains the following configurable
parameters:
User Name
The CMR-5930’s User Name is user configurable and is used for connecting to
the unit via IP management services.
The default user name is
comtech.
Password
The CMR-5930’s Password is user configurable and is used for authenticating a
user when connecting via IP management services.
The default password is
entered carefully.
When the password is changed, the user will be prompted to enter the password
twice to verify it is correct.
System Contact
Contact information of the system administrator for support.
System Location
The physical location where the unit has been installed.
Enable Telnet
Enables Telnet application on the CMR-5930.
SNMP IP Address
Defines the SNMP server that can connect to the unit.
Login Required
A user name and password are required to make any changes to the CMR-5930
configuration.
Update Firmware
Allows software/firmware changes to be made. User name and password is
required for security.
comtech. The password is case sensitive and must be
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4.2.2 Syslog Configuration
Figure 4-4. Syslog Configuration page
Syslog is a common feature of the Linux operating system. Syslog allows the events that
occur on the CMR-5930 to be sent to a server where they can be logged. The events are
delivered to a configured server over Ethernet IP.
Enable
Enables or disables the Syslog feature.
IP Address
The IP address of the Syslog server.
Port
The port of the Syslog server. The default port number is
514.
Login Required
A user name and password are required to make any changes to the CMR-5930
configuration.
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4.2.3 Network Configuration
Figure 4-5. Network Configuration page
The Network Configuration page has the following configurable parameters:
IP Address
The IP Address assigned to the CMR-5930’s LAN interface. The IP Address is
entered in dotted decimal format.
Subnet Mask
The Subnet Mask assigned to the CMR-5930’s LAN interface. The Subnet Mask
is entered in dotted decimal format and is typically 255.0.0.0 for an A-Class
mask, 255.255.0.0 for a B-Class mask, or 255.255.255.0 for a C-Class mask.
Default Gateway
The Default Gateway assigned to the CMR-5930’s LAN interface. The Default
Gateway is entered in dotted decimal format and must be within the subnet of the
IP Address assigned to the LAN interface. The Default Gateway is the address of
a local router to which all non-local subnet traffic will be directed.
Login Required
A user name and password are required to make any changes to the CMR-5930
configuration.
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4.2.4 Egress Configuration
Figure 4-6. Egress Configuration page
The Egress Configuration page addresses the CMR-5930’s configuration for the ASI
egress interface, and has following configurable parameters:
Framing Mode
Selects whether the ASI operates with either 188-byte or 204-byte packets.
Clock Rate
Sets the bit rate of the ASI Output interface.
Login Required
A user name and password are required to make any changes to the CMR-5930
configuration.
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4.2.5 IGMP Configuration
Figure 4-7. IGMP Configuration page
Enable
Select the Boolean if IGMP version 3 (IGMPv3) is to be supported. If the
Boolean is not selected, all received Multicast IP is forwarded to the Ethernet,
but if support is enabled, no Multicast IP will be forwarded to the Ethernet, until
a subscriber has joined the Multicast group.
Query Period
How often a solicitation is made for Multicast subscribers.
Maximum Tries
The maximum number of attempts the CMR-5930 will make for soliciting for
Multicast subscribers before the Multicast stream is pruned off.
Response Timeout
The maximum amount of time the CMR-5930 will wait for a Multicast
Subscriber before the Multicast stream is pruned off.
Login Required
A user name and password are required to make any changes to the CMR-5930
configuration.
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4.2.6 Unicast Routing Configuration
Figure 4-8. Unicast Routing Configuration page
The Unicast Routing Configuration page addresses the CMR-5930’s configuration for
handling Unicast traffic over the transport stream. This feature is only used in the
MPE/IP configuration.
Allow Unicast
Selects whether the CMR-5930 will support the routing of Unicast traffic.
Route unknown to default gateway
If an Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cannot be achieved, then incoming
Unicast is directed to the configured default gateway.
Filter on TSD MAC
Allows the CMR-5930 to route only Unicast that is specifically destined to this
unit. The MAC address in the MPE header must exactly match the configured
TSD MAC field.
TSD MAC
The hardware Media Access Control (MAC) address assigned for Unicast
operation.
Login Required
A user name and password are required to make any changes to the CMR-5930
configuration.
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4.2.7 ASI MPE/IP Configuration
Figure 4-9. ASI MPE/IP Configuration page
The CMR-5930 can be configured to support three modes of operation - all three modes
can operate simultaneously:
• MPE/IP – MPE coming in over the ASI input is decapsulated and delivered to the
Ethernet as IP
• Service Filter – Incoming Program Streams over the ASI input can be filtered
into individual MPEG-2 elements (PIDs) and delivered to the Egress RS-422 port
or to the Ethernet as MPEG-2 Transport Stream over IP
• MPEG-2 Transport Stream – Incoming transport stream is routed to the
Ethernet port where it is encapsulated into IP
PID
The MPEG-2 PID in Hexadecimal that should be filtered and MPE extracted
from the incoming ASI stream and delivered to the Ethernet as IP. MPE mode
supports both Unicast and Multicast operation.
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4.2.8 ASI MPEG Transport Stream Route Configuration
Figure 4-10. ASI MPEG Transport Stream Route Configuration page
The user must select, via the pulldown, under which input interface the PIDs will be
configured.
Enable
Enables or disables the route.
Name
The name of the incoming program that is extracted from the Program Service
Information.
Program Number
The program number to be routed to the Ethernet as Transport Stream over IP.
PMT PID Number
The PMT PID to be routed to the Ethernet as Transport Stream over IP.
Destination IP
The IP address to be used when routing the Transport Stream over Ethernet IP.
Port Number
The Port Number to be used when routing the Transport Stream over Ethernet IP.
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4.2.9 Service Filter Route Configuration
Figure 4-11. Service Filter Route Configuration page
Name
The name of the incoming program that is extracted from the Program Service
Information.
PID (In/Out)
The incoming PID number for the element and the configured egress PID
number. The incoming and outgoing PIDs may be different.
Enable
Enables or disables the program.
Program Number
The incoming program number for the program and the configured egress
program number. The incoming and outgoing programs may be different.
PMT PID Number
The incoming PMT PID number for the program and the configured egress PMT
PID number. The incoming and outgoing PMT PID may be different.
PMT PID In
The hexadecimal value of the input PMT PID to the PID Filter.
PID Out
The hexadecimal value of the output PMT PID from the PID Filter.
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4.2.10 Statistics
a) Statistics page view with ASI MPE/IP Route Statistics selected
b) Statistics page view with ASI MPEG TS Route Statistics selected
Figure 4-12. Statistics page
Statistical reports are available from the CMR-5930 using this menu. Here, a pull-down
must be used to selected which view of statistics is desired: MPE/IP, MPEG TS, or
Service Filter.
When selected, the statistics displayed on screen are automatically refreshed so the user
does not have to constantly refresh the screen.
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4.3 Terminal Interface
The Terminal Interface provides the user with a textual configuration dialog for
configuring the CMR-5930. This method of configuration should be used for initial
configuration of the unit; i.e., configuring the network parameters for the unit but not for
normal operation. The Web (HTTP) Interface is recommended for operational
management.
The Terminal Interface allows the entire unit to be configured and managed, but this
interface can only be used while a serial connection is present between the CMR-5930
and a PC. The same menu information is displayed via the Telnet interface as with the
serial interface – however, some specific features are available only via the the Terminal
Interface; these ‘serial interface only’ features are noted in this section. Detailed
information is provided about the menu features in Chapter 4.2 Web Interface.
Figure 4-13 shows the hierarchal structure of the Terminal Interface-based menus, and
the sections in this chapter which provide figures of these submenu pages.
Main Menu
(4.3.1)
Admin
(4.3.2)
ASI Config
(4.3.2)
IGMP Config
(4.3.4)
Egress Config
(4.3.4)
Stats Menu
(4.3.6)
Network Config
(4.3.7)
Unicast Routing
Config (4.3.8)
ASI MPE/IP Config
(4.3.3.1)
ASI Service Filter
Config (4.3.3.2)
ASI MPEG TS
Config (4.3.3.3)
See Figure 4-24
for hierarchy
Figure 4-13. Menu Hierarchy (via Terminal Interface)
Once the Terminal Interface is connected, as described in Chapter 2.4 Initial Configuration,
press the
<ENTER> key. The user should observe the the Main menu as shown in Figure 4-14 .
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4.3.1 Main Menu
Figure 4-14. Main Menu
4.3.2 Administration Menu
Figure 4-15. Administration Menu
4.3.2.1 Port Number Configuration
In addition to the features illustrated, one additional feature is available, for security
reasons, via the serial interface only. Modifying the port numbers prevents attacks on “well
known” ports by devices known as port scanners. This feature is configuration of the TCP
Port number for Telnet and HTTP protocols. Option
standard port numbers for Telnet (23) and HTTP (80) to prevent unauthorized access to the
device. Care should be taken not to use a reserved standard port number.
4-14
<M> allows the operator to modify the
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4.3.3 ASI Configuration Menu
Figure 4-16. ASI Configuration Menu
4.3.3.1 ASI MPE/IP Configuration Menu
Figure 4-17. ASI MPE/IP Configuration Menu
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4.3.3.2 ASI Service Filter Configuration Menu
Figure 4-18. ASI Service Filter Configuration Menu
4.3.3.3 ASI MPEG TS Configuration Menu
Figure 4-19. ASI MPEG TS Configuration Menu
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4.3.4 IGMP Configuration Menu
Figure 4-20. IGMP Configuration Menu
4.3.5 Egress Configuration Menu
Figure 4-21. Egress Configuration Menu
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4.3.6 Stats Menu
Figure 4-23 shows the hierarchal structure of the Terminal Interface-based statistics
menus, and the sections in this chapter which illustrate the available menus within this
hierarchy.
Figure 4-22. Stats Menu
Stats Menu
(4.3.6)
ASI Detailed MPE/IP
Stats Menu (4.3.6.2.1.1)
ASI Detailed MPE/IP
Advanced Stats Menu
(4.3.6.2.1.2)
Detailed ASI MPEG TS
Stats Menu (4.3.6.2.2.1)
Detailed ASI MPEG TS
Advanced Stats Menu
(4.3.6.2.2.2)
Ethernet Stats
Menu (4.3.6.1)
SI Stats Menu
(4.3.6.2)
SI MPE/IP Stats
Menu (4.3.6.2.1)
SI MPEG TS Stats
Menu (4.3.6.2.2)
Service FilterStats
Menu (4.3.6.2.3)
Figure 4-23. Stats Menu Hierarchy (via Terminal Interface)
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4.3.6.1 Ethernet Stats Menus
Figure 4-24. Ethernet Stats Menu
4.3.6.2 ASI Stats menu
Figure 4-25. ASI Stats Menu
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4.3.6.2.1 ASI MPE/IP Stats Menu
Figure 4-26. ASI MPE/IP Stats Menu
4.3.6.2.1.1 Detailed ASI MPE/IP Stats Menu
Figure 4-27. Detailed ASI MPE/IP Stats Menu
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4.3.6.2.1.2 Detailed ASI MPE/IP Advanced Stat s Menu
Figure 4-28. Detailed ASI MPE/IP Advanced Stats Menu
4.3.6.2.2 ASI MPEG TS St ats Menu
Figure 4-29. ASI MPEG TS Stats Menu
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4.3.6.2.2.1 Detailed ASI MPEG TS Stats Menu
Figure 4-30. Detailed ASI MPEG TS Stats Menu
4.3.6.2.2.2 Detailed ASI MPEG TS Advanced Stats Menu
Figure 4-31. Detailed ASI MPEG TS Stats Menu
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4.3.6.2.3 Service Filter Stats Menu
Figure 4-32. Service Filter Stats Menu
4.3.7 Network Configuration Menu
Figure 4-33. Network Configuration Menu
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4.3.8 Unicast Routing Configuration Menu
Figure 4-34. Unicast Routing Configuration Menu
4.4 Telnet Interface
Telnet provides a textual interface over a LAN. Most PCs have the capability to use
Telnet. To use Telnet on a Microsoft Windows
The Run dialog box is shown in
Figure 4-35. In the Open: text window, enter “telnet
®
product, click , then .
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx,” where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is the IP address of the CMR-5930. If the port
number has been modified from the
standard 23 via the Terminal Interface, then the port
number must be appended with a colon to the IP address.
Figure 4-35. Starting Telnet Session
The user will be prompted to enter the user name and password to gain access to the
telnet interface.
NOTE
The default username is comtech and the default password is
comtech, both of which are case sensitive.
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Once the menu is started, press <ENTER> and the CMR-5930 Main Menu will display as
shown in
Figure 4-36.
Figure 4-36. Main Menu via Telnet
The user may navigate the menus in the same manner as the Terminal Interface. With
specific exceptions as noted in the Terminal Interface section, the menus available via
Telnet and serial interfaces are identical.
4.5 Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
The CMR-5930 supports changes to the resident software and firmware by means of the
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP). This enables changes to be made remotely via the
LAN interface. It is recommended to use Solarwinds TFTP server application (available
at
http://support.solarwinds.net/updates/SelectProgramFree.cfm).
To modify the software and/or firmware, use the following procedures:
Configure the server as follows:
a)
File ! Configuration ! Select the ‘TFTP Root Directory’. Set up the location
of the CMR-5930 files.
b)
File ! Configuration ! Select the ‘Security’ tab and make sure ‘Transmit and
Receive
c) Save configuration.
The server is now configured for the file transfer process.
IMPORTAN
’ are selected.
Because the CMR-5930 stops processing data traffic during the
download process, it is recommended that this upgrade procedure
be performed during scheduled network down time.
Do NOT remove power from the unit during the download process.
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To modify code via Telnet:
Step Procedure
1 Start up Solarwinds TFTP server – Ensure configuration as described
previously
2 Ensure that the code provided by CEFD is located in the TFTP Root
directory
3 Start up Telnet client and initiate a session with the CMR-5930 as
described in the Telnet Interface section
4 Select ‘A’ for Administration
5 Select ‘D’ for Download
6 Enter ‘1’ for Application code or ‘2’ for FPGA code (the user will be
directed to select Application or FPGA code in the download
instructions provided by CEFD when new code is provided)
7 Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and wait for the message
“Upgrade complete. Press any key to continue”
This code modification process can also be conducted via the Web Interface, under the
Administration page, or the Terminal Interface under the Main Menu.
IMPORTAN
Under heavy traffic conditions, the TFTP transfer may take several
minutes. The transfer process reported by Solarwinds may show greater
than 100% transferred, but this is a normal condition. Be patient and
allow the transfer to take place.
4.6 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) (Future)
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) has not been enabled on this product and
is planned as a future release. However, when enabled, SNMP allows an SNMP Manager
such as OpenView or Castle Rock to be used to remotely manage the CMR-5930 in an
automated fashion.
The CMR-5930 supports SNMP versions 1 and 2 (SNMPv1 and SNMPv2). Two types of
Management Information Bases (MIBs) are supported: MIB II and private MIB.
MIB II is the default MIB that is used to gather generic information about the unit, such
as system ‘up’ time, packets sent or received on an interface, etc. MIB II is designed for
only read access, not write access. To read and write configuration parameters over
SNMP requires a private MIB. The private MIB allows parameters to be set on the
Web, Terminal, or Telnet interfaces.
The elements Object Identifiers (OIDs) of the MIB will be listed in the appendix of a
future revision of this manual. CEFD has been assigned an SNMP designator by the
IEEE, which will be found in all elements of the CMR-5930’s MIB.
NOTE
The assigned designator for CEFD (enterprise OID) is 1.3.6.4.1.18723.
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The CMR-5930 supports configurable community strings for added security. As a
security precaution, passwords cannot be remotely queried over SNMP.
For SNMP access from a remote network via the public Internet, a VPN connection to the
CMR-5930 will need to be established using third-party VPN client/server access.
The default community string for the public elements is
community string is
private.
Notes:
public and the private
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This page is deliberately left blank.
4-28
A.1 Introduction
The PID-A is enabled to receive an upgrade via Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
transmission. It is recommended to use the Solarwinds TFTP server application (available
at
http://support.solarwinds.net/updates/SelectProgramFree.cfm) for upgrading the product.
Once the TFTP server is enabled and the new file (
copied to the TFTP server, the following procedures may be used to upgrade the unit.
NOTE
Appendix A. SOFTWARE
UPGRADE
The user will be instructed whether to select Application or FPGA
code in the download instructions provided by CEFD when new code is
provided.
Application or FPGA) has been
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A.2 Web Interface
Access the Administrative Configuration page (Figure A-1):
a) In the
b) Select
c) In the second
d) When the unit upgrade is complete, reset the unit by entering a valid
Update Firmware section, enter the Unit TFTP Server IP Address.
Application or FPGA for the Image Type to be upgraded.
Login Required section, enter a valid username and password,
then select
IMPORTANT
username and password in the first
Reset Unit.
Update. The software update will begin to download.
Do NOT power the unit down during the upgrade process.
Login Required section and selecting
Figure A-1. TFTP Download (via Web Interface)
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A.3 Telnet or Terminal Interface
Access the Administration Menu (Figure A-2):
a) Select
b) At the “Image type” prompt, enter
c) Enter the TFTP IP server address. Once the TFTP IP server address is
d) When the update is complete, the message “Press any key to continue”
e) When the unit has been upgraded, reset the unit by selecting (R) for Reset
(D) for Download Image.
1 for Application or 2 for FPGA.
entered, the software update will begin to download.
Do NOT power the unit down during the upgrade process.
IMPORTANT
will be displayed (Figure A-3).
and ‘
Y’ to confirm the reset.
Figure A-2. Sample TFTP (Telnet shown)
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Figure A-3. TFTP Download (Telnet shown)
A–4
Appendix B. SYSTEM LOG
B.1 Introduction
The CMR-5930 supports a feature known as system logging, more commonly called
Syslog.
This section illustrates how a system logger can be set up on a Linux or Unix system
allowing the CMR-5930 to report system events to a logger attached via an Ethernet
connection.
B.2 Enabling a System Logger
To enable system logging, add the following command string to the bottom of the
/etc/syslog.conf file on the Logging Server:
CONFIGURATION
1
,
# log the mux messages to here
*.=info /var/log/mux.log
Where:
*.=info tells the logger to send all messages it receives from the Mux to the Dir/file
1
Note that this is merely a sample configuration. CEFD does not support the setup of a syslog
server, since it is assumed that one is already configured and operational for use.
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Looking in the top of file /etc/init.d/syslog2, the following is usually displayed:
#!/bin/bash
#
# syslog Starts syslogd/klogd.
#
#
# chkconfig: 2345 12 88
# description: Syslog is the facility by which many daemons use to log \
# messages to various system log files. It is a good idea to always \
# run syslog.
# Source function library.
. /etc/init.d/functions
[ -f /sbin/syslogd ] || exit 0
[ -f /sbin/klogd ] || exit 0
# Source config
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/syslog ] ; then
. /etc/sysconfig/syslog
else
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS=”-m 0”
KLOGD_OPTIONS=”-2”
fi
Of specific interest is the following line:
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS=”-m 0”
By adding a –r suffix, this allows the server to accept messages from remote machines.
The edited line should read as follows:
SYSLOGD_OPTIONS=”-m 0 –r”
Check the services file, normally at /etc/services, to ensure that PORT 514 is defined.
By default this should be enabled on most machines.
NOTE
After making the changes you must restart syslogd.
On most machines, entering “service syslog restart” should complete the configuration.
2
This file may be in a different location.
B–2
METRIC CONVERSIONS
Units of Length
Unit
1 centimeter — 0.3937 0.03281 0.01094
Centimeter
Inch
Foot Yard Mile
6.214 x 10
Meter Kilometer Millimeter
-6
0.01 — —
—
-5
0.254 — 25.4
-4
0.3048 — —
-4
0.9144 — —
-4
— — —
1.609 x 103
1.609 —
1 inch 2.540 — 0.08333 0.2778
1 foot 30.480 12.0 — 0.3333
1 yard 91.44 36.0 3.0 —
1 meter 100.0 39.37 3.281 1.094
1 mile
1 mm — 0.03937 — — — — — —
1 kilometer — — — — 0.621 — — —
1.609 x 10
5
6.336 x 104 5.280 x 103 1.760 x 103
1.578 x 10
1.893 x 10
5.679 x 10
6.214 x 10
Temperature Conversions
Unit
32° Fahrenheit
212° Fahrenheit
-459.6° Fahrenheit
° Fahrenheit ° Centigrade
—
—
—
0
(water freezes)
100
(water boils)
273.1
(absolute 0)
Formulas
C = (F - 32) * 0.555
F = (C * 1.8) + 32
Units of Weight
Unit Gram
Ounce
Avoirdupois
Ounce
Troy
Pound
Avoirdupois
Pound
Troy
Kilogram
1 gram — 0.03527 0.03215 0.002205 0.002679 0.001
1 oz. avoir. 28.35 — 0.9115 0.0625 0.07595 0.02835
1 oz. troy 31.10 1.097 — 0.06857 0.08333 0.03110
1 lb. avoir. 453.6 16.0 14.58 — 1.215 0.4536
1 lb. Troy 373.2 13.17 12.0 0.8229 — 0.3732
1 kilogram
1.0 x 10
3
35.27 32.15 2.205 2.679 —
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