Comtech EF Data is a n
AS9100 Rev B / ISO9001:2000 Registered Company
Vipersat
CDM-570/570L
Satellite Network Modem Router
User Guide
MN/22125 Revision 1
Vipersat CDM-570/570L
Satellite Network Modem Router
User Guide
Part number MN/22125
Document Revision 1
Firmware Version 1.6.11/2.6.11
November 8, 2012
COMTECH EF DATA
VIPERSAT Network Products Group
3215 Skyway Court
Fremont, CA 94539
USA
Phone: (510) 252-1462
Fax: (510) 252-1695
www.comtechefdata.com
Part Number: MN/22125
Revision: 1
Firmware Version: 1.6.11/2.6.11
©2012 by Comtech EF Data, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be copied or
reproduced without prior written permission of Comtech EF Data, Inc.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The information contained in this document supersedes all previously
published information regarding this product. Product specifications are subject to change
without prior notice.
Comtech reserves the right to revise this publication at any time without obligation to provide
notification of such revision. Comtech periodically revises and improves its products and,
therefore, the information in this document is subject to change without prior notice. Comtech
makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to the implied
warranties of mechantability and fitness for a particular purpose. No responsibility for any errors
or omissions that may pertain to the material herein is assumed. Comtech makes no
commitment to update nor to keep current the information contained in this document.
Patents and Trademarks
All products, names and services are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
companies. See all of Comtech EF Data’s patents and patents pending at http://
patents.comtechefdata.com.
Printed in the United States of America
Document Revision History
Revision Date Description
0 1/16/08 Revisions for firmware version 1.5.4.
Document part number changed from 22125 to MN/22125.
1 11/08/12 Update content to reflect NP v1.6.11/2.6.11.
New Features: Dynamic Entry Channel Mode (ECMv2).
{ This Page is Intentionally Blank }
Table of Contents
General
How to Use This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Manual Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Chapter 1 — General . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Chapter 2 — Quick Start Configuration 1-1
Chapter 3 — Using the Command Line
Interface (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Appendix A — Network Addressing . . 1-2
Appendix B — Automatic Switching . . 1-2
Appendix C — Dynamic Power Control1-2
Appendix D — ECM Migration . . . . . 1-2
Appendix E — Glossary . . . . . . . . 1-2
Conventions and References . . . . . . . . 1-2
Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Modem Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Router Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Network and Bandwidth Management . . 1-5
Dynamic SCPC (dSCPC) . . . . . . . . 1-5
Turbo Product Coding . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Header Compression . . . . . . . . . .1-6
Payload Compression . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Quality of Service . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Data Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
New in this Release . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
1.6.11/2.6.11 Release . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Dynamic Entry Channel Mode . . . . . 1-7
Customer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Return Material Authorization . . . . . . 1-8
Reader Comments / Corrections . . . . 1-8
Quick Start Configuration
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Initial Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Terminal Connection . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Network Role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Setting Vipersat CDM-570/570L Operating
Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Set the Feature Configuration . . . . . . 2-3
Set the IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Configure the Route Table . . . . . . . . 2-7
Routing in a Vipersat Network . . . . . 2-7
Creating the Routes . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Set the Satellite Modem Configuration 2-10
Set the Vipersat Configuration . . . . 2-11
Using the Command Line Interface
(CLI)
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Common Screen Commands . . . . . . . . 3-2
Save Parameters to Permanent Storage 3-2
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Telnet Logout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Menu Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Feature Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Vipersat Feature Codes . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Vipersat Management . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Vipersat STDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Vipersat Auto Switching . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Vipersat File Streamer. . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Vipersat Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
STDMA Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
STDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
STDMA Tx Rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Hub Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
1 – Fixed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
2 – Dynamic Slot . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
3 – Dynamic Cycle . . . . . . . . . 3-11
4 – GIR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
5 – Entry Channel . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
6 – ECMv2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
ECMv2 Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Group ID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
STDMA Max Power Hunt . . . . . . . 3-14
Low Data Rate Fast Acquisition . . . . 3-15
Burstmap Multicast IP . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Outbound IP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Cycles Per Burst Map . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Slot Guardband . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
Slot Preamble Length . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Slot Data Length . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Total Slot Count . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
Slot Cycle Length . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Slot Start in Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Set Remotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Adding a Remote to the STDMA Group . .
3-21
i
Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Remote Count . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Set Remote Policies . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Delete Remote. . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Enable/Disable Remote . . . . . . . 3-25
View Remote(s) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Remove Timeout . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
Remove Retry Timeout . . . . . . . 3-26
LNB LO Frequency . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
BUC LO Frequency . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
Satellite Frequency Conversion . . . . 3-28
STDMA Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28
Show Hub Statistics . . . . . . . . . . 3-29
STDMA/SCPC Automatic Switching. . . . 3-31
Auto Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
Current WAN Transmit Mode . . . . . 3-33
Voice & Video Application Switching . 3-33
Voice Switch Detection . . . . . . . 3-33
Video Switch Detection . . . . . . . 3-34
ToS Switch Detection . . . . . . . . . 3-34
QoS Switch Detection . . . . . . . . . 3-35
Enable Quality of Service (QoS) Feature
3-35
Configure QoS Rules . . . . . . . . 3-36
Configure QoS Rules Based Switching .
3-38
Typical System Latency . . . . . . . 3-38
Enable WAN SAR . . . . . . . . . . 3-39
Enable QoS Switch Detection Feature .
3-39
Load Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39
STDMA Slot Capacity . . . . . . . . . 3-40
STDMA Switch Delay . . . . . . . . . 3-40
Percent Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
SCPC Step Up Threshold . . . . . . . 3-41
SCPC Step Down Threshold . . . . . 3-42
SCPC Step Up Delay . . . . . . . . . 3-42
SCPC Step Down Delay . . . . . . . . 3-42
SCPC Step Up Excess . . . . . . . . 3-43
Keep Alive Timer for Carrier Inhibit . . 3-43
Time for Carrier Inhibit . . . . . . . . . 3-44
ToS Switching Parameters. . . . . . . 3-45
ToS Switching Entry . . . . . . . . . 3-45
Max Streams. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46
Delete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46
View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47
Hitless Switching Parameters . . . . . 3-47
Delay for Mod . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48
Delay for Demod. . . . . . . . . . . 3-48
LockTimes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48
Apply Delay Values . . . . . . . . . 3-48
SOTM Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48
SOTM Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49
Unit Role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49
Expansion Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
Network ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51
Unit Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51
Receive Multicast Address . . . . . . . . 3-51
Managing IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
Management Security. . . . . . . . . . . 3-53
Primary Heart Beat . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55
Home State Revert . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55
Dynamic Power Control Configuration . . 3-55
DPC Enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57
Max Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57
Calculate Max Power . . . . . . . . . 3-57
Calibrated Data Rate . . . . . . . . 3-58
Nominal Power Level . . . . . . . . 3-58
DPC Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
Max Data Rate . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
Max Code Rate . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
Max Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
Max FEC Type . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
Calculate Max Power . . . . . . . . 3-59
Max Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
Target EbNo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
Speed Up EbNo . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
Target DPC Address . . . . . . . . . 3-60
BaseLine Power. . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
DPC Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
SOTM Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
Set Home State Parameters . . . . . . . 3-61
Set Current Configuration as Home State. .
3-62
Force Modem to Home State . . . . . 3-63
STDMA State . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
Transmit Frequency . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
Transmit Data Rate . . . . . . . . . . 3-63
Transmit FEC Type . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
Transmit Coding Rate . . . . . . . . . 3-64
Transmit Modulation Type. . . . . . . 3-65
Transmit Power Level . . . . . . . . . 3-65
Transmit Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-65
Receive Frequency . . . . . . . . . . 3-65
Receive Data Rate . . . . . . . . . . 3-66
Receive FEC Type . . . . . . . . . . 3-66
Receive Coding Rate . . . . . . . . . 3-67
ii Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Receive Modulation Type . . . . . . . 3-67
Vipersat Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-67
Vipersat Migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69
UDP Port Base Address. . . . . . . . . . 3-69
Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
Network Addressing
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
The OSI Reference Model. . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Layers 1 – 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-2
Binary Math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
IP Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
IP Address Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-6
Class A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-6
Class B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-6
Class C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-7
Class D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-7
Class E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-8
Private Network IP Addresses . . . . . .A-8
Network Address Translation (NAT) . . .A-8
Subnets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-8
Subnet Mask. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-9
Network Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
Default Gateways . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11
MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11
Automatic Switching
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Load Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-3
Bandwidth Allocation and Load Switching by
the Hub STDMA Burst Controller . . . B-4
Load Switching—STDMA Hub . . . . . . .B-7
Hub Switching Parameters . . . . . . .B-7
Hub Switching Process . . . . . . . . .B-8
Load Switching—Remote . . . . . . . . . .B-9
Remote Switching Parameters . . . . .B-9
Determination for Switching . . . . . . B-11
Load Switch Example . . . . . . . . . . . B-12
Reduced Data Flow in Switched Mode
(SCPC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-13
Application Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-15
ToS Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-17
ToS Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-17
Detection of ToS Stamped Packets . . B-18
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-19
Example Implementations . . . . . . . . . B-20
ToS Switching Per Device . . . . . . . B-20
ToS Switching Per Traffic Type . . . . B-20
ToS Remarking . . . . . . . . . . . . B-21
ToS to DSCP Value Conversions . . . B-22
Mesh Setup Based on ToS Detection . B-23
Entry Channel Mode Switching . . . . . . . . B-24
STDMA Entry Channel Mode . . . . . . . B-24
Fail-Safe Operation . . . . . . . . . . B-25
Using STDMA ECM . . . . . . . . . . B-27
Switching an ECM Remote from SCPC to
STDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-28
Dynamic Entry Channel Mode . . . . . . B-30
Hub Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . B-31
Remote Configuration . . . . . . . . . B-32
ECM Processing . . . . . . . . . . . B-33
Dynamic Power Control
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-3
BER Waterfall Mapping . . . . . . . . . C-3
Delta Power Compensation . . . . . . . C-3
Theory of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . C-4
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-7
Main DPC Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-9
Enable DPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-10
Target Eb/No . . . . . . . . . . . . C-10
Speed Up Eb/No Range. . . . . . . C-11
Target DPC (IP) Address . . . . . . C-11
Calculate Max Power Menu . . . . . . . . C-11
Calibrated Data Rate . . . . . . . . C-13
DPC Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-13
Nominal Power Level . . . . . . . . C-13
Max Data Rate . . . . . . . . . . . C-13
Max Code Rate . . . . . . . . . . . C-13
Max Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . C-13
Max FEC Type . . . . . . . . . . . C-13
Calculate Max Power . . . . . . . . C-13
Max Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-14
Signal Power Level Considerations . . . . . . C-15
Power Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . C-16
Cabling Considerations . . . . . . . . . . C-16
ECM Migration
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Migration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-3
Configure Remote Units. . . . . . . . . . . D-3
Configure Hub Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5
Glossary
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1
iii
{ This Page is Intentionally Blank }
iv Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
List of Figures
Chapter 2 Figures
Figure 2-1 Main Menu screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Figure 2-2 Administration screen . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Figure 2-3 Feature Configuration screen . . . . . 2-5
Figure 2-4 FAST Feature Code dialog . . . . . . . 2-5
Figure 2-5 Working Mode dialog . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Figure 2-6 Ethernet Interface screen . . . . . . . . 2-7
Figure 2-7 Configuring the Route Table screen 2-9
Figure 2-8 Tx Configuration screen . . . . . . . . 2-10
Figure 2-9 Vipersat Configuration screen (Hub). .
2-11
Chapter 3 Figures
Figure 3-1 Main Menu screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Figure 3-2 Administration screen . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Figure 3-3 Working Mode dialog . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Figure 3-4 Feature Configuration screen . . . . . 3-5
Figure 3-5 FAST Feature Code dialog . . . . . . . 3-6
Figure 3-6 Vipersat Configuration screen (Hub)3-8
Figure 3-7 STDMA screen (Hub, Dynamic Cycle
type). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Figure 3-8 STDMA screen (Remote) . . . . . . . . 3-9
Figure 3-9 Hub Type prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Figure 3-10 ECMv2 Mode prompt . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Figure 3-11 Group ID prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Figure 3-12 STDMA Max Power Hunt prompt 3-15
Figure 3-13 Burstmap Multicast IP prompt . . . 3-16
Figure 3-14 Outbound IP prompt . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Figure 3-15 Cycles per Burst Map prompt . . . 3-17
Figure 3-16 Slot Guardband prompt. . . . . . . . 3-17
Figure 3-17 Slot Preamble Length prompt . . . 3-18
Figure 3-18 Slot Data Length (Nominal). . . . . 3-19
Figure 3-19 Total Slot Count prompt . . . . . . . 3-19
Figure 3-20 STDMA Remotes Menu screen . 3-20
Figure 3-21 Adding a Remote to the STDMA group
3-21
Figure 3-22 Modifying Remote Display Base . 3-22
Figure 3-23 STDMA Remote Policies screen (GIR
Hub) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
Figure 3-24 GIR Remote Policies prompt. . . . 3-23
Figure 3-25 Entry Channel Switch Rates screen .
3-24
Figure 3-26 Remote SCPC Data Rate and Switch
Type prompt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-24
Figure 3-27 Global SCPC Data Rate prompt .3-24
Figure 3-28 Global Switch Type prompt . . . . .3-25
Figure 3-29 Delete Remote prompt . . . . . . . .3-25
Figure 3-30 Enable/Disable Remote prompt .3-25
Figure 3-31 View Remote(s) screen . . . . . . . .3-26
Figure 3-32 Remove Timeout prompt. . . . . . . 3-26
Figure 3-33 Remove Retry Timeout prompt . .3-27
Figure 3-34 LNB LO Frequency prompt . . . . .3-27
Figure 3-35 BUC LO Frequency prompt . . . . . 3-28
Figure 3-36 Satellite Frequency Conversion prompt
3-28
Figure 3-37 STDMA Statistics screen (Hub). . 3-29
Figure 3-38 STDMA Statistics screen (Remote). .
3-29
Figure 3-39 Hub Statistics screen. . . . . . . . . . 3-30
Figure 3-40 STDMA/SCPC Auto Switching screen
(Hub) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-32
Figure 3-41 STDMA/SCPC Auto Switching screen
(Remote) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-32
Figure 3-42 QoS Configuration screen . . . . . . 3-36
Figure 3-43 QoS Mode prompt . . . . . . . . . . . .3-36
Figure 3-44 QoS Rules Configuration screen, Max/
Priority Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-37
Figure 3-45 DiffServ Rules Configuration screen .
3-37
Figure 3-46 QoS Rules Based Switching screen .
3-38
Figure 3-47 Typical System Latency prompt .3-38
Figure 3-48 STDMA Slot Capacity prompt . . .3-40
Figure 3-49 STDMA Switch Delay prompt . . . 3-40
Figure 3-50 Percent Allocation prompt . . . . . .3-41
Figure 3-51 SCPC Step Up Threshold prompt3-41
Figure 3-52 SCPC Step Down Threshold prompt.
3-42
Figure 3-53 SCPC Step Up Delay prompt . . .3-42
Figure 3-54 SCPC Step Down Delay prompt .3-43
Figure 3-55 SCPC Step Up Excess prompt . . 3-43
Figure 3-56 Keep Alive Timer for Carrier Inhibit
prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-44
Figure 3-57 Time for Carrier Inhibit prompt . .3-44
Figure 3-58 ToS Switching Control screen . . . 3-45
Figure 3-59 ToS Switching Entry dialog . . . . .3-45
Figure 3-60 ToS Max Streams prompt . . . . . .3-46
v
Figure 3-61 ToS Delete prompt . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46
Figure 3-62 ToS View screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47
Figure 3-63 Hitless Switching screen . . . . . . . 3-47
Figure 3-64 Set LockTime prompt . . . . . . . . . 3-48
Figure 3-65 VMS Routes in Route Table . . . . 3-49
Figure 3-66 Unit Role prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
Figure 3-67 Expansion Unit prompt . . . . . . . . 3-50
Figure 3-68 Network ID prompt . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51
Figure 3-69 Unit Name prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51
Figure 3-70 Receive Multicast IP Address prompt
3-52
Figure 3-71 Managing IP address menu . . . . 3-52
Figure 3-72 Vipersat Management Security screen
3-54
Figure 3-73 Encryption Key Entry prompt . . . 3-54
Figure 3-74 DPC Configuration screen (STDMA
mode). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Figure 3-75 DPC Configuration screen (SCPC
mode). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Figure 3-76 Calculate Max Power screen . . . 3-57
Figure 3-77 Target EbNo prompt . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
Figure 3-78 Speed Up EbNo prompt . . . . . . . 3-60
Figure 3-79 Target DPC Address prompt. . . . 3-60
Figure 3-80 Home State Configuration screen3-62
Figure 3-81 Force Modem to Home State warning
3-63
Figure 3-82 Transmit Frequency prompt . . . . 3-63
Figure 3-83 Transmit Data Rate prompt. . . . . 3-64
Figure 3-84 Transmit FEC Type prompt. . . . . 3-64
Figure 3-85 Transmit Coding Rate prompt . . . 3-64
Figure 3-86 Transmit Modulation Type prompt3-65
Figure 3-87 Transmit Power Level prompt . . . 3-65
Figure 3-88 Receive Frequency prompt . . . . . 3-66
Figure 3-89 Receive Data Rate prompt . . . . . 3-66
Figure 3-90 Receive FEC Type prompt . . . . . 3-66
Figure 3-91 Receive Coding Rate prompt . . . 3-67
Figure 3-92 Receive Modulation Type prompt 3-67
Figure 3-93 Vipersat Summary screen (Hub). 3-68
Figure 3-94 Vipersat Migration prompt . . . . . . 3-69
Figure 3-95 UDP Port Base Address prompt . 3-69
Appendix A Figures
Figure A-1 The Seven OSI Protocol Layers . . .A-2
Figure A-2 Bits and Bytes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-4
Figure A-3 Binary to Decimal Conversion . . . .A-4
Figure A-4 IP Address Classes A, B, C . . . . . .A-7
Figure A-5 NAT Router Example . . . . . . . . . . .A-8
Figure A-6 Default Subnet Masks for IP Classes .
A-9
Figure A-7 ANDing an IP address and a subnet
mask. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
Figure A-8 Network Segments . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
Figure A-9 Router as Default Gateway. . . . . A-11
Figure A-10 Network Node MAC Addresses A-12
Appendix B Figures
Figure B-1 Auto Switching Menu, CDM-570/570L
Hub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-7
Figure B-2 Hub Load Switching Page, SLM-5650A
B-7
Figure B-3 Auto Switching Menu, CDM-570/570L
Remote. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-10
Figure B-4 Remote Load Switching Page, SLM-
5650A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-10
Figure B-5 Load Switching diagram . . . . . . . B-12
Figure B-6 Application Switching diagram . . B-15
Figure B-7 ToS Field Location within the IP Header
B-17
Figure B-8 Remote ToS Switching menu . . . B-19
Figure B-9 Per Device ToS Switching Example . .
B-20
Figure B-10 Per Type ToS Switching Example . .
B-21
Figure B-11 ToS Remarking Application . . . B-22
Figure B-12 ToS and DSCP Conversion Chart . .
B-22
Figure B-13 ECM Switch Recovery: < 3 minutes .
B-26
Figure B-14 ECM Switch Recovery: > 3 minutes .
B-27
Figure B-15 STDMA Page with Entry Channel
Mode, CDM-570/570L . . . . . . . . . . . . B-28
Figure B-16 ECM Remote List Page, CDM-570/
570L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-29
Figure B-17 Remote Bandwidth Entry, CDM-570/
570L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-29
Figure B-18 Revert Uplink Carrier Command, VMS
modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-30
Figure B-19 Entry Channel Configuration, Hub . .
B-32
Figure B-20 Entry Channel Configuration, Remote
B-33
Figure B-21 ECMv2 Processing Diagram. . . B-34
vi Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Appendix C Figures
Figure C-1 Data Rate to Power Relationship, DPC
C-5
Figure C-2 Excessive Max Power Example . . .C-6
Figure C-3 DPC Configuration screen, CLI . . .C-9
Figure C-4 DPC dialog, Parameter Editor . . .C-10
Figure C-5 DPC Calculate Max Power screen, CLI
C-12
Figure C-6 DPC Calibration dialog, Parameter
Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-12
Figure C-7 Signal Power Levels, Remote SiteC-15
Figure D-1 STDMA Configuration Page, Remote
CDM-570/L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-4
Figure D-2 STDMA Configuration Menu, Hub Type
Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-5
Figure D-3 STDMA Menu, ECMv2 Hub Type. .D-6
Figure D-4 Switch Rate Limits, InBand Return Path
Settings Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D-7
vii
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viii Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Chapter 2 Tables
Table 2-1 CDM-570/570L Network Roles and
Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Table 2-2 Vipersat Feature Configuration . . . . 2-6
Appendix B Tables
Table B-1 STDMA ACK Message . . . . . . . . . .B-5
Table B-2 ToS Switching Settings . . . . . . . . .B-19
Appendix C Tables
Table C-1 DPC Parameters, Main Menu . . . . .C-7
Table C-2 DPC Parameters, Calculate Max Power
Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-8
Table C-3 Typical Coaxial Cable Characteristics .
C-17
List of Tables
ix
{ This Page is Intentionally Blank }
x Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
GENERAL
How to Use This Manual
This manual documents the enhanced Vipersat features and functions of the
CDM-570/570L Satellite Network Modem Router, and guides the user in how
to configure this product for use in a Vipersat network. The material covered
addresses only those areas specific to a CDM-570/570L running in Vipersat
mode, and complements the universal features and functions described in the
CDM-570/570L Installation and Operation Manual.
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Earth station engineers, technicians, and operators responsible for the configuration and maintenance of the CDM-570/570L are the intended audience for this
document.
Manual Organization
This User Guide is organized into the following sections:
Chapter 1 — General
Contains CDM-570/570L product description, customer support information,
and manual conventions and references.
Chapter 2 — Quick Start Configuration
Covers the initial basic steps that are necessary for configuring the CDM-570/
570L from a factory default state to a functional network element.
Chapter 1 - General 1-1
How to Use This Manual
NOTE
Chapter 3 — Using the Command Line Interface (CLI)
Describes the use of the CLI for configuring and monitoring the CDM-570/
570L in a Vipersat network. Each CLI screen is presented along with a detailed
description and related commands.
Appendix A — Network Addressing
Supplemental reference information on binary math and network addressing to
assist with integrating the CDM-570/570L into a Vipersat network.
Appendix B — Automatic Switching
Supplemental reference information on the Vipersat feature that provides Load
switching (response to network traffic load), Application switching (response to
traffic type) functions, and Entry Channel Mode switching functions.
Appendix C — Dynamic Power Control
A description of Vipersat’s DPC and its relationship to a CDM-570/570L
configuration.
Appendix D — ECM Migration
Procedural instructions on migrating a Vipersat network of CDM-570/CDD56X series equipment from STDMA Entry Channel Mode (ECMv1) to
Dynamic Entry Channel Mode (ECMv2).
Appendix E — Glossary
A glossary of terms that pertain to Vipersat satellite network technology.
Conventions and References
The following conventions are utilized in this manual to assist the reader:
Note: Provides important information relevant to the accompanying
text.
Tip: Provides complementary information that facilitates the
associated actions or instructions.
1-2 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
How to Use This Manual
Caution: Explanatory text that notifies the reader of possible
Warning: Explanatory text that notifies the reader of potential harm
consequences of an action.
as the result of an action.
The following documents are referenced in this manual, and provide supplementary information for the reader:
• CDM-570/570L Modem Installation and Operation Manual (Part Number
MN/CDM570L.IOM)
• CDD-564L Quad Demodulator Installation and Operation Manual (Part
Number MN/CDD564L.IOM)
• Vipersat CDD-56X Series User Guide (Part Number MN/22137)
• Vipersat CDM-570/L, CDD-56X Parameter Editor User Guide (Part
Number MN-0000038)
• Vipersat Management System User Guide (Part Number MN/22156)
• Vload Utility User Guide (Part Number MN/22117)
Chapter 1 - General 1-3
Product Description
Product Description
Introduction
The Vipersat CDM-570 and CDM-570L (L-band) Satellite Network Modem
Routers offer state of the art performance and reliability in a sophisticated and
cost-effective 1RU package. The CDM-570/570L integrates router functionality
into the modem, completely eliminating external serial port cabling, and allowing connection of a 10/100 Base-T LAN/WAN directly to the modem.
The CDM-570/570L integrated modem/router and communications controller
operates as a Hub or Remote utilizing TDM/STDMA, SCPC, and IP circuit
switched management, offering flexibility and control of private satellite
networks. The CDM-570/570L is designed to connect low- to high-speed data
link connections between Ethernet LAN to WAN networks, providing a variety
of communications services to Operators, Service Providers, and Enterprise
Users. The benefit of this architecture yields seamless bandwidth managementon-demand, while simplifying network capacity needs.
Modem Features
• 50–90 MHz or 100–180 MHz IF Range (CDM-570)
950–1950 MHz IF Range (CDM-570L)
• BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, 8-PSK, 8-QAM, or 16-QAM Operation
• Data Rate Range from 2.4 kbps up to 9.98 Mbps, depending on
modulation and FEC used (with FAST feature upgrade)
• Turbo Product Coding (TPC) FEC
• Fast Acquisition Demodulator
• Variable Bit Rate (to 1 bps)
• Programmable TDM/STDMA or dSCPC (dynamic SCPC) Access Control
• BUC 10 MHz Reference and FSK Communications, and optional BUC
Power Supplies (CDM-570L)
• LNB Power Supply and 10 MHz Reference (CDM-570L)
• 1:1 Remote, and N:M Hub Modem Redundancy Schemes
Router Features
• Fully Integrated Network Management using Vipersat Management
System (VMS)
• Single Hop On Demand (SHOD) Functions
1-4 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Product Description
• Multi-Transponder Mode (MTM) Functions
• Dynamic Power Control (DPC) for Environment or Mesh Links
• Upstream Bandwidth Management Switching for Application, Load,
Scheduled, Manual, or VESP
• Dynamic SCPC (dSCPC) Bandwidth-On-Demand
• 10/100BaseT Ethernet LAN/WAN Interface
• Per Route IP Filtering
• Multi-Protocol Support
• Built-In Header and Payload Compression for Improved Satellite
Bandwidth Efficiencies
• Built-In Quality of Service (QoS) Functions for Traffic Prioritization
• Software Version Management via FTP or VLoad
• 3xDES Decryption
Network and Bandwidth Management
The Vipersat network solution integrates this advanced modem/router with the
powerful network management tool, the Vipersat Management System (VMS).
The VMS provides for traditional monitor and control of the CDM-570/570L
modem, but more than just an M&C package, the VMS offers unique bandwidth
management that is ideal for IP-switched networks. Short data transfers are typically executed using a shared Selective Time Division Multiple Access
(STDMA) channel, and when large amounts of data transfer, voice, and/or
video communications are needed, modems can be automatically switched to a
dedicated SCPC channel.
Dynamic SCPC (dSCPC)
The VMS allows for dynamic point-to-point mesh connections to be established
between remotes. Traffic inbounds from remotes can be switched: manually or
automatically, application or load triggered, or scheduled, from shared STDMA
(burst) mode, to a dedicated SCPC connection. Once the session is completed,
the remote is automatically switched back to shared mode.
While in SCPC mode, the VMS provides for dynamic bandwidth allocation,
automatically altering the bandwidth based on traffic conditions. This effectively enables the network to better handle connection oriented applications and
reduce network congestion, jitter, and latency.
The result is an economical and flexible network with bandwidth shared and
directed where it is needed for any mix of IP voice, video, and data traffic.
Chapter 1 - General 1-5
Product Description
Turbo Product Coding
The Comtech Vipersat CDM-570/570L incorporates a Turbo Product Codec
(TPC). TPC is an FEC technique that delivers significant performance improvement when compared to Viterbi with concatenated Reed-Solomon. TPC simultaneously offers increased coding gain, lower decoding delay, and significant
bandwidth savings.
Header Compression
Configurable on a per route basis, Header Compression reduces the required
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) bandwidth by as much as 60%. Example: a
G.729 voice codec operating at 8 kbps will occupy 32 kbps once encapsulated
into IP framing on a LAN. Using IP/UDP/RTP Header Compression, the same
traffic only needs 10.8 kbps total WAN satellite bandwidth to cross the link.
Normal Web/HTTP traffic can be reduced by an additional 10% via IP/TCP
Header Compression.
Payload Compression
Compressing Payload condenses the size of data frames and reduces the satellite
bandwidth required to transmit across the link. Configurable on a per route
basis, Payload Compression optimizes traffic and reduces bandwidth up to 40%.
Quality of Service
The CDM-570/570L supports multi-level QoS that minimizes jitter and latency
for real time traffic, provides priority treatment to mission critical applications,
and allows non-critical traffic to use the remaining bandwidth. Three modes are
available: Max/Priority, Min/Max, and Diff Serv.
Data Encryption
The CDM-570/570L provides 3xDES data encryption to prevent unauthorized
access to data over the satellite link. Encryption is configurable on a per route
basis
1-6 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Product Description
New in this Release
The following firmware versions incorporate a number of additional features
and enhancements.
1.6.11/2.6.11 Release
Dynamic Entry Channel Mode
Dynamic ECM (ECMv2) utilizes a modified slotted Aloha method for Remotes
to establish registration in the network and obtain the means for switching into
SCPC mode. Rather than sharing an STDMA burst map, as is the method with
STDMA ECM, the Remotes rely on communicating with the Hub channel
controller through the use of a multicast Transmission Announcement Protocol
(TAP) message. This eliminates the restriction in the number of Remotes in an
Entry Channel group that is inherent with the burst map method.
Chapter 1 - General 1-7
Customer Support
Customer Support
Contact Information
Contact Comtech Vipersat Networks Customer Support for information or
assistance with product support, service, or training on any Vipersat product.
Mail: 3215 Skyway Court
Fremont, CA 94539
USA
Phone: 1+510-252-1462 ext. 2
Fax: 1+510-252-1695
Email: supportcvni@comtechefdata.com
Web: www.comtechefdata.com
Return Material Authorization
Any equipment returned to Vipersat must have a Return Material Authorization
(RMA) issued prior to return. To return a Comtech Vipersat Networks product
for repair or replacement:
• Obtain an RMA form and number from Vipersat Customer Support.
• Be prepared to supply the product model number and serial number of the
unit.
• To ensure safe shipping of the product, pack the equipment in the original
shipping carton.
Reader Comments / Corrections
If the reader would like to submit any comments or corrections regarding this
manual and its contents, please forward them to a Vipersat Customer Support
representative. All input is appreciated.
1-8 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
QUICK START CONFIGURATION
NOTE
Introduction
This chapter describes the minimum configuration of a Vipersat CDM-570/
570L Modem/Router that is necessary in order for the equipment to function in
a Vipersat network.
The Vipersat CDM-570/570L stores its configuration in an ASCII file named
the PARAM (parameter) file. Equipment configuration is typically performed
through the use of the Command Line Interface (CLI), particularly the initial
configuration. Once the equipment is functioning in the network, additional
configuration can be performed via the VMS.
C
HAPTER
Refer to Chapter 3, “Using the Command Line Interface,” for a detailed description on the usage of this feature.
This manual covers the configuration specifics of the CDM-570/570L when
used in a Vipersat network. Refer to the CDM-570/570L Installation and Oper-
ation Manual (Part Number MN/CDM570L.IOM) for general instruction on
setting up, installing and configuring this equipment.
Note: Before attempting to configure a CDM-570/570L to be used in a Vipersat
network, make certain it has the Vipersat option installed and enabled.
Chapter 2 - Quick Start Configuration 2-1
Initial Configuration
NOTE
Caution: Do not connect the TX cable until the modem is properly configured,
Caution: Do not connect the TX and RX cables to test equipment without the
and the Home State is verified and Saved.
use of a DC voltage block. If BUC or LNB power is disabled through
the CLI, the setting must be Saved to prevent accidental re-enabling
during modem reboot or power-cycle.
Initial Configuration
Note: Many of the settings required for equipment configuration are based on
the LAN/WAN and Satellite network design, and should be obtained from
the network administrator.
Terminal Connection
These procedures are performed using the CLI from a workstation connected to
the modem/router either via a direct connection to the Console port (a console
cable is shipped with each unit), or via a telnet connection to the Traffic 100
port. Alternatively, HyperTerminal or any of the other connection methods
described in the CDM-570/570L Installation and Operation Manual may be
used.
Make a terminal connection to the target CDM-570/570L modem/router. If
connecting via the Traffic 100 Ethernet port (do not use the M&C port), enter
the IP address of the unit. The factory default IP address for a Vipersat enabled
unit is 192.168.254.1. Configure the terminal for VT-100 emulation mode.
Once a terminal connection has been made, the CDM-570/570L will respond
with a Login prompt. The factory defaults for accessing the Admin level are:
Login: comtech
Password: comtech
Once the operator has logged in, the Main Menu shown in figure 2-1 is
displayed.
2-2 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Initial Configuration
Network Role
The first and most important step prior to configuring the CDM-570/570L is to
define its network role.
The CDM-570/570L is a flexible network component able to perform different
functions depending on how it is used in a network. The role that is defined for
each CDM-570/570L will determine what functions are available for each unit
to fill its role. Table 2-1 lists the network roles and the corresponding network
functions for which the CDM-570/570L can be configured.
Table 2-1
Network Role / Function Hub Remote Expansion
Hub Burst Controller providing STDMA Timing Maps X
Hub Point-to-Point SCPC Modem X
Hub Switched Demodulator X X
Remote STDMA Modem X
Remote Point-to-Point SCPC Modem X
Remote Mesh Demodulator X X
CDM-570/570L Network Roles and Functions
The procedure for setting the modem configuration to match the defined
network role is presented later in this Quick Start (“Set the Vipersat Configuration” on page 2-11).
Refer to the section “Unit Role” on page 3-49, and the following section
“Expansion Unit”, for additional details on setting a CDM-570/570L’s network
role.
Setting Vipersat CDM-570/570L Operating Parameters
The following is an example of using the CLI to bring a Vipersat CDM-570/
570L with factory default settings to the configuration which allows the Vipersat functions to be accessible.
Set the Feature Configuration
The operating parameters that will be configured in the target CDM-570/570L
are, in part, determined by the role the CDM-570/570L is to fill in the network,
as shown in table 2-1 and table 2-2.
Chapter 2 - Quick Start Configuration 2-3
Initial Configuration
Use the following procedure to configure a CDM-570/570L to the network role
it is to fill in a Vipersat network.
1. From the Main Menu shown in figure 2-1, select the Administration
command by entering A at the command prompt.
Figure 2-1
Main Menu screen
2. From the Administration screen shown in figure 2-2, select the Features
Configuration command by entering F at the command prompt.
Figure 2-2
Administration screen
2-4 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Initial Configuration
3. From the Feature Configuration menu shown in figure 2-3, verify
whether or not the Vipersat Feature Codes are Available (appears as
shown in the figure). These codes are entered prior to shipment from the
factory; however, if the codes display as Unavailable, they will have to be
re-entered.
Figure 2-3
Feature Configuration screen
To enter the feature code, enter Y at the command prompt, then enter the 20
digit FAST Feature Code, as shown in figure 2-4.
Figure 2-4
Tip: The network administrator will have the FAST Feature codes. These are
generated and stored by the unit serial number for the target CDM-570/
570L. The target unit’s serial number can be found on the rear of the unit
chassis.
FAST Feature Code dialog
4. After entering the FAST Feature code, return to the Administration
screen (shown in figure 2-2) by entering X at the command prompt from
the Feature Configuration menu. Ensure that the Working Mode is set to
Router-Vipersat.
If it is not, enter C and change the setting by selecting 4, as shown in
figure 2-5. The unit will automatically reboot in order to implement the
change for this setting.
Chapter 2 - Quick Start Configuration 2-5
Initial Configuration
Figure 2-5
Working Mode dialog
5. When the reboot is completed, return to the Feature Configuration screen
and configure the settings for Vipersat STDMA and Auto Switching
according to the table below.
Table 2-2
Unit Role Vipersat STDMA Auto Switching
Hub Enabled (optional) Enabled (optional) Enabled
Hub Expansion Enabled Disabled Disabled
Remote Enabled (optional) Enabled (optional) Enabled
Remote Expansion Enabled Disabled Disabled
Vipersat Feature Configuration
6. Save the settings to flash by entering S at the command prompt.
Set the IP Address
1. From the Main Menu, enter I to access the Interface Configuration menu
screen, then enter E to access the Ethernet Interface screen, as shown in
figure 2-6.
2-6 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Initial Configuration
Figure 2-6
Ethernet Interface screen
2. Enter I at the command prompt, and enter the designated IP address for
this unit.
3. Save the settings to flash by entering S at the command prompt.
Configure the Route Table
Routing in a Vipersat Network
CDM-570/570L Modem Routers operating in Vipersat mode do not use the
small or large network described in the CDM-570/570L Installation and Opera-
tion Manual. There is no HDLC address in a Vipersat network; instead, the
CDM-570/570L role designation — Hub or Remote, Expansion unit or not —
determines routing rules that prevent multicast loops. This simplifies the configuration of a Vipersat network.
Because satellite networks are often used as extensions for access to services
such as the Internet or the PSTN, they lend themselves quite readily to private
addressing. For example, to provide Internet access to the satellite network, only
the Hub requires a public IP address in order for the entire satellite network that
is controlled by the Hub to have access to the Internet backbone. Utilizing
Network Address Translation (NAT), the administrator can effectively address
the network using a minimum number of static route statements.
Example:
The IP address 172.16.0.0 is the private address network number for class B
networks. If there is a router at the Hub with a connection to the Internet, the
operator can define the local network as a class B. If the operator splits the
Chapter 2 - Quick Start Configuration 2-7
Initial Configuration
Class B in half and points the upper half toward the satellite there will be
over 16000 usable addresses at the Hub as well as at the Remotes. For details
on IP addressing, refer to Appendix A, "Network Addressing".
By putting the one route statement “Remotes 172.16.128.0/17 Wan to Sat”
in the TDM Hub modem, and by using the route statement “GW 0.0.0.0/0
Wan to Sat” at each of the remote modems, the network will successfully
route packets. The remotes can then be sub-netted as class C networks or
below. Additional routers at the remotes can be added for unusually large
sites, allowing an additional layer of NAT without requiring any more
explicit routing within the Vipersat Modem/Routers.
Refer to the CDM-570/570L Installation and Operation Manual for additional
information on entering routes.
Creating the Routes
The following procedure outlines the basic route structure that the target
CDM-570/570L will require for its role in the network. One of the key routes
that must be created is a gateway address for routing the data traffic that is
received by the unit.
1. From the Main Menu shown in figure 2-1, select Route Table by entering
R at the command prompt.
2. From the Configuring the Route Table screen shown in figure 2-7, enter
1 at the command prompt to set the first route that will define the default
gateway.
2-8 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Initial Configuration
Figure 2-7
Configuring the Route Table screen
In a Hub configuration, the default route will typically point to a router on the
same LAN as the CDM-570/570L Hub unit.
In a Remote configuration, the default route will typically point to the satellite
modem used for communications back to the Hub.
3. When prompted, enter the Route Name (GW), the IP Address, the
Number of Bits in the subnet mask, the Route Interface (Ethernet or Sat-
ellite), and the Next Hop address. The system administrator can supply
this information, if necessary.
In a Hub role, for example, enter the name of the route (e.g., DFG), enter
0.0.0.0 for the destination IP address and 0 for the mask, enter E for
Ethernet interface, then enter the IP address of the appropriate router or
modem for the next hop.
If this Hub unit is providing the TDM outbound, a route statement or statements defining satellite communications with the Remote units must be
entered as well. One recommended option is to enter a single super-route
that will handle satellite communications with all of the remote subnets; an
example of this is shown as Route002 in figure 2-7, above.
If there are multiple burst controllers at the Hub and they are not using the
same default address (239.1.2.3), then a route with the Burstmap Multicast
Chapter 2 - Quick Start Configuration 2-9
Initial Configuration
NOTE
Address must be defined also. Otherwise, this route is automatically created and can be viewed with the Display command.
4. Enter S at the command prompt in figure 2-7 to save the settings to flash.
Set the Satellite Modem Configuration
1. Enter M from the Main Menu, then enter C from the Satellite Modem
menu to access the Configuration screen.
2. Enter T to access the Tx Configuration screen shown in figure 2-8. Set
the Tx parameters for Frequency, Data Rate, FEC, Code Rate, and
Modulation as specified by the network administrator.
Note: Only Turbo Product Coding is acceptable for FEC when the CDM-570/
570L
is running in Vipersat mode.
Figure 2-8
Tx Configuration screen
3. Enter R to access the Rx Configuration screen, and set the Rx parameters
as specified by the network administrator.
4. Save the settings to flash by entering S at the command prompt.
2-10 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Initial Configuration
Set the Vipersat Configuration
1. Enter V at the Main Menu command prompt shown in figure 2-1 to select
the Vipersat Configuration menu shown in figure 2-9.
Figure 2-9
Vipersat Configuration screen (Hub)
2. Enter R at the command prompt to toggle the Unit Role to either Hub or
Remote.
This parameter will determine the role the target CDM-570/570L will perform in the network and what type of commands and functions it will
receive from the VMS.
3. Enter E to set the Expansion Unit value (Yes or No).
When configured as an expansion unit, either as a hub (switched) or as a
remote (mesh), the CDM-570/570L is set up so that the demod is in SCPC
mode and available as a resource for dedicated communications with the
other end of the satellite link.
4. Enter B at the command prompt to set the Network ID.
The Network ID that is assigned to the unit defines to what network the
target CDM-570/570L will belong. All units used in a network will have
the same Network ID. This parameter is used by the VMS to identify units
common to a network and allows the VMS to manage multiple networks,
each with its own unique network ID number.
5. Enter N at the command prompt to set the Unit Name.
6. Enter V at the command prompt to set the Receive Multicast Address.
This IP address is the multicast address assigned to the VMS and to all
Chapter 2 - Quick Start Configuration 2-11
Initial Configuration
units in the network that are managed by the VMS. The Receive Multicast
Address of this CDM-570/570L must match the Transmit Multicast
Address that has been assigned to the VMS.
7. Enter I at the command prompt to set the Managing IP Address.
The Managing IP Address is the IP address of the VMS server.
8. Management Security (Optional)
If this is an encrypted network, enter K at the command prompt to configure Vipersat Management Security.
9. Enter H to go to the Home State Configuration menu screen, then enter
W to set the current configuration as the Home State.
10. Save the settings to flash by entering S at the command prompt.
This completes the initial configuration of a CDM-570/570L from the factory
default settings to a functioning, Vipersat-enabled unit. Additional configuration parameters must be set depending on the network requirements for a
specific application.
Refer to Chapter 3, “Using the Command Line Interface,” for additional details
on configuring the target Vipersat CDM-570/570L.
2-12 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
C
HAPTER
USING THE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE
(CLI)
General
This chapter describes the use of the CLI for configuring and monitoring the
CDM-570/570L Modem Router in a Vipersat network. Each CLI screen related
to a CDM-570/570L operating in Vipersat mode is presented, along with a
detailed description of the available commands. For descriptions of all other
screens, refer to the CDM-570/570L Installation and Operation Manual.
Access to the CLI is provided through either the Console port (local, RS-232)
or the 10/100BaseT Ethernet Traffic port (Telnet, IP). Access via Telnet
requires login with password, Console access does not require login. The
screens presented in this document are as they appear when the CDM-570/570L
is accessed using Telnet.
When a Telnet terminal connection is made, the CDM-570/570L responds with
a Login prompt. The factory defaults are:
Login: comtech
Password: comtech
Once the operator has logged in, the Main Menu shown in figure 3-1 is
displayed.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-1
General
Common Screen Commands
The following commands appear on each of the menu screens:
Save Parameters to Permanent Storage
To Save the current parameter settings to permanent storage, enter S at the
command prompt. This command saves all data that has been entered from any
of the CLI screens since the last save was executed. Exiting a screen without
saving after parameters have been changed does not mean that the changes are
not applied. However, if these changes are not saved prior to a system reset or
power cycle, they will be lost.
Exit
To Exit the current menu screen and return to the previous screen in the menu
tree, enter X at the command prompt.
Telnet Logout
Enter L at the command prompt to Logout of the Telnet session. This command
appears only when connected via Telnet.
3-2 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Menu Descriptions
NOTE
This section details the CLI command menus and briefly discusses the function
of each of the commands available on each menu.
Main Menu
The Main Menu, shown in figure 3-1, allows configuring both the modem and
router functions of the target CDM-570/570L.
Menu Descriptions
Note: The entry Vipersat Configuration shown in figure 3-1 will only be
displayed if the target CDM-570/570L has had the Vipersat option
enabled as described in the section “Setting Vipersat CDM-570/570L
Operating Parameters” on page 2-3.
Figure 3-1
Main Menu screen
A Vipersat CDM-570/570L is normally shipped with the Vipersat option
enabled. You can verify the CDM-570/570L configuration by checking that the
command line Vipersat Configuration is displayed on the menu as shown in
Figure 3-1.
Administration
The Administration Menu provides access to the major Vipersat CDM-570/
570L features and commands. Entering an A at the prompt in the Main Menu,
shown in figure 3-1 displays the Administration screen shown in figure 3-2.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-3
Menu Descriptions
NOTE
Figure 3-2
Administration screen
Ensure that the Working Mode is set to Router-Vipersat.
If it is not, enter C at the command prompt and change the setting by selecting
4, as shown in figure 3-3. The unit will automatically reboot in order to implement the change for this setting.
Figure 3-3
Note: If the Router-Vipersat option does not appear as a selection, the Vipersat
Feature Code has not yet been entered into this unit. Input the Vipersat
code as described in the next section.
Working Mode dialog
From the Administration menu, enter an F at the prompt to display the Feature
Configuration screen shown in figure 3-4.
3-4 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Menu Descriptions
NOTE
Feature Configuration
The Feature Configuration screen shown in figure 3-4 allows the Enabling
and Disabling of the major Vipersat CDM-570/570L features.
Figure 3-4
Feature Configuration screen
Use this menu to enable and disable Vipersat features such as:
• Vipersat STDMA — Burst mode operation
• Vipersat Auto Switching — Allows switching to SCPC mode
• Vipersat File Streamer — Rapid file transfers over satellite network
Note: These Vipersat features must be enabled or disabled using this menu.
They cannot be enabled or disabled from the Vipersat Configuration
screen.
Vipersat Feature Codes
From the Feature Configuration menu, verify whether or not the Vipersat
Feature Codes are Available (appears as shown in figure 3-4). These codes are
entered prior to shipment from the factory; however, if the codes display as
Unavailable, they will have to be re-entered. To enter the FAST Feature code,
enter Y at the command prompt.
The Vipersat FAST Feature Code can be entered as 20 hexidecimal digits at the
command prompt as shown in figure 3-5.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-5
Menu Descriptions
Figure 3-5
Tip: Contact either the network administrator or Comtech Vipersat Networks
Customer Support to obtain the FAST Feature code. A convenient option
is to use the Vipersat Vload utility to manage Feature codes.
FAST Feature Code dialog
Vipersat Management
This item is an information only display and indicates whether Vipersat
Management is enabled or disabled in the target Vipersat CDM-570/570L.
Activation of the Vipersat Feature Code automatically enables the Vipersat
Management feature.
Caution: This command must be Enabled in order to utilize any of the Vipersat
capabilities of the CDM-570/570L.
Vipersat STDMA
In order to utilize the Vipersat STDMA feature (burst mode) in the target
Vipersat CDM-570/570L, this feature must be Enabled. Enter A at the
command prompt to toggle On or Off.
Refer to table 2-2 for the relationship between Unit Role and STDMA. For a
Hub STDMA Burst Controller or a Remote STDMA modem, this feature must
be Enabled. For a private point-to-point SCPC modem, Hub or Remote, this
feature must be Disabled.
Vipersat Auto Switching
The Vipersat Auto Switching feature allows the CDM-570/570L to automatically adjust to varying bandwidth demands in the Vipersat network by switching between STDMA and SCPC connections for Load, Application, ToS, and
QoS. Auto switching must be Enabled on a CDM-570/570L if that modem will
be sending any switch requests to the VMS. Refer to table 2-2 for the relationship between Unit Role and Auto Switching.
To activate the Vipersat Auto Switching capabilities of the target CDM-570/
570L, toggle the Auto Switching command to Enabled by entering W at the
command prompt.
3-6 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Menu Descriptions
See the section “STDMA/SCPC Automatic Switching” on page 3-31 for more
details on the use of this feature. For additional information, refer to Appendix
B, “Automatic Switching,”.
Vipersat File Streamer
Vipersat File Streamer (VFS) is an optional feature that allows rapid file transfers over the satellite network between host PCs that are running the client VFS
application. To activate the Vipersat File Streaming capabilities of the target
CDM-570/570L, toggle this command to Enabled by entering R at the
command prompt.
Once the parameters on the Feature Configuration screen have been set as
desired, return to the Main Menu and enter the V command to display the
Vipersat Configuration screen shown in figure 3-6.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-7
Vipersat Configuration
Vipersat Configuration
Enter V at the command prompt from the CDM-570/570L Main Menu shown
in figure 3-1 to display the Vipersat Configuration screen shown in figure 3-6.
Figure 3-6
This menu lists the available commands for configuring a Vipersat CDM-570/
570L. Note that for the Hub modem only, the command Primary Heart Beat is
displayed in the Vipersat Configuration screen. For the Remote modem only,
the status of the Home State Revert setting is displayed.
Each of these commands is explained in the following sections.
Vipersat Configuration screen (Hub)
STDMA Mode
The STDMA Mode parameters for this CDM-570/570L are accessed by entering T at the Vipersat Configuration screen command prompt.
The items in the STDMA menu will vary depending on the function the target
CDM-570/570L performs in the network (Hub or Remote) and the Hub Type
that is designated. The CDM-570/570L STDMA menu shown in figure 3-7 is
from a CDM-570/570L serving as a Hub in the network, with the Hub Type
designated as Dynamic Cycle.
For comparison, the STDMA menu for a CDM-570/570L operating as a
Remote unit is shown in figure 3-8. Note that some of the command items differ
between these two screens, and most of the items on the Remote screen are
information-only display.
3-8 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-7
STDMA screen (Hub, Dynamic Cycle type)
Figure 3-8
STDMA screen (Remote)
STDMA
This menu item is read-only and shows the current state of STDMA in the
CDM-570/570L. In order to change the STDMA state in the CDM-570/570L,
refer to the section “Feature Configuration” on page 3-5.
STDMA Tx Rate
This menu item shows the STDMA transmit rate in bps. This item is read-only
and cannot be modified in this menu.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-9
Vipersat Configuration
Hub Type
This menu item is only displayed if the CDM-570/570L is being used as a Hub
in the network, and provides the functionality for the STDMA Burst Controller.
Vipersat STDMA has six modes of operation:
• Fixed — all remotes get the same data slot time (slot size) in the cycle,
regardless of activity. Cycle time is fixed also.
• Dynamic Slot — data slot time of remotes vary according to activity,
cycle time does not.
• Dynamic Cycle — slot time and cycle time vary according to activity of
remotes.
• GIR (Guaranteed Information Rate) — each remote always has at least the
minimum data slot size when needed, and cycle time is variable up to a
maximum of one second.
• Entry Channel — remotes run in SCPC mode, but STDMA is used for
maintenance and control channel.
• ECMv2 — utilizes a modified slotted Aloha method for remotes to
establish registration in the network and obtain the means for switching
into SCPC mode.
The Hub can be configured to operate as one of the six types by entering a T at
the command prompt to display the dialog shown in figure 3-9.
Figure 3-9
Hub Type prompt
This selection determines whether available bandwidth will be a static (fixed)
assignment, or whether bandwidth allocation will be dynamic with automatic
switching to dynamically optimize bandwidth utilization.
Refer to Appendix B, “Automatic Switching,” for additional information on
how each of the bandwidth allocation modes functions and the parameters used
to calculate the commands for each mode.
3-10 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
1 – Fixed
In the Fixed mode, all remotes have the same data slot size regardless of type of
traffic or load. This mode minimizes the amount of jitter between remote transmission times, and is useful for tuning STDMA as well as for troubleshooting
purposes.
2 – Dynamic Slot
In the Dynamic Slot mode, slot size is adjusted each cycle depending on the
activity during the previous cycle. The slot size for each remote is computed
based on the time (at the current data rate) needed to transmit all the bytes in
queue. If the result is less than the minimum slot size or more than the maximum slot size, the slot is adjusted accordingly. This mode allows the burst
controller to provide additional slot time in the cycle to remotes with higher
traffic demands, increasing throughput and alleviating congestion.
3 – Dynamic Cycle
In the Dynamic Cycle mode, available bandwidth is allocated to remotes
proportionally based on their current bandwidth needs. The bandwidth requirements are determined by the number of bytes in queue for each remote divided
by the total number of bytes in queue for all remotes, and results in the percentage of bandwidth to allocate for each remote. This mode provides improved
efficiency of STDMA due to faster cycle times during periods of light traffic
demands, thus providing minimum latency for the current load.
4 – GIR
In the GIR mode, the initial computed slot size value is the same as in the
Dynamic Cycle mode except there is no maximum limit. After all remotes have
been assigned slots, the burst map is checked to see if the total cycle length
exceeds one second. If not, then all requirements are satisfied and the burst map
is complete. However, if the cycle is greater than one second, then the slots are
adjusted proportionally so that all remotes receive at least their guaranteed rate
plus whatever excess is still available.
GIR mode allows guaranteed information rates to be set for each remote in the
group. When the one second restriction is exceeded, remotes without a specified
GIR are reduced to the global minimum slot size and the remaining bandwidth
is distributed to remotes that have been assigned a GIR rate, thus ensuring additional bandwidth for these units when needed.
Note: GIR allocations are restricted so that assigned GIR totals cannot exceed
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-11
the available bandwidth. This ensures proper bandwidth allocation when
the network is overloaded.
Vipersat Configuration
The GIR setting for each Remote is specified using the STDMA Remote Policies screen (refer to the section “Set Remote Policies” on page 3-22). When
combined with Auto switching, GIR allows trigger points to be set where the
Remote will jump out into SCPC mode. This is done using the Load Switch
setting. Note that, for this function, Auto switching must be Enabled on this
Hub unit, and corresponding Remote modems must be configured with Auto
switching and Load switching Enabled. Also, the settings for Step Up and Step
Down Threshold values should be adjusted as necessary for the application.
5 – Entry Channel
The Entry Channel mode provides remotes in the group with a shared channel
in which they can gain initial access to the network. Since very small STDMA
data rates are required in this configuration, a larger number of remotes can
share the cycle. As soon as the Hub receives an STDMA ACK from the
Remote, it initiates an immediate switch to SCPC mode based on the policy set
for that Remote. Note that the switch occurs as soon as the Hub receives an
ACK even though there may not be traffic at that time. The persistence of the
link will be determined by the unit’s flag settings.
When choosing Entry Channel as the Hub type for the STDMA Controller, the
Auto switching feature must be Enabled on this Hub unit, and switching policies
for the remotes must be configured (refer to the section “Set Remote Policies”
on page 3-22). Corresponding Remote modems must be configured with Auto
switching and Load switching Enabled. Note that the settings for Step Up and
Step Down Threshold values should be adjusted as necessary for the application.
This mode is designed to accommodate the needs of a Remote that will not be
continuously connected to the network, but which has the need to be able to
make an on-demand connection when required, such as in a mobile application.
In the event of a power outage, Entry Channel provides a bandwidth-efficient
method for remotes with low latency requirements to re-enter the network once
power is restored.
6 – ECMv2
The ECMv2 (Dynamic Entry Channel) mode is very similar to the regular
Entry Channel mode. However, the associated limitation in the number of
Remotes is eliminated via the modified slotted Aloha method that is utilized for
this mode. No cycle is used, and a Remote List is not necessary.
The Hub broadcasts an anouncement message to all Remotes that are tuned to
receive it that provides the available slots and the tuning parameters for transmitting back to the Hub. The Remotes transmit on a contention basis and should
a collision occur, the Remote will back off for a specified period and try again.
Once it obtains one of the available slots, the Remote will hold onto the slot
3-12 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
until it registers with the VMS and receives assignment into dSCPC, or until all
necessary transactions are completed. The slot is then released for use by
another Remote unit that is attempting to enter the channel.
Remotes can be set to one of four operating modes—Disable, Offline, Wait, and
Online—from the ECMv2 Mode command in the STDMA menu. In addition,
commands for setting parameters to accomodate any mismatches between the
Hub LNB and the Remote BUCs are presented: LNB LO Frequency (Hub),
BUC LO Frequency (Remote), and Satellite Conversion Frequency.
ECMv2 Mode
This menu item appears for Remote modems operating in ECMv2 only.
Each Remote can be set to a designated mode of operation in ECM:
• Disable – the ECM function for this Remote is disabled.
• Offline – the Remote will not transmit (muted).
This mode may be chosen for radio silence applications.
• Wait – the Remote will register with the controller and remain in the ECM
wait queue without assignment for switching into dSCPC mode. This
mode may be chosen by operators who wish to manually control (via
diagnostic switch) when a Remote is to be switched and utilize bandwidth
from the pool.
• Online – the Remote will register with the controller and request dSCPC
bandwidth for switching.
In order for a Remote to automatically switch into SCPC mode and pass data
traffic, the ECMv2 Mode must be set to Online.
Figure 3-10
Tip: For purposes of commissioning the terminal with a continuous carrier, the
Entry Channel mode can be set temporarily to Disable. Once this process
is completed, set the Remote back to the desired mode for normal
operation.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-13
ECMv2 Mode prompt
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
Group ID
The STDMA Group ID number defines a group of equipment (Hub and
Remote units) that will respond to the output of a single STDMA burst controller. This group is addressable within a network which, in turn, is defined by the
Network ID number assigned to the CDM-570/570L.
Allocation of bandwidth is shared among the remotes in an STDMA group.
Depending on the number of remotes in a network, a Hub may have multiple
burst controllers, each with its own set of remotes. This is accomplished by
assigning a unique Group ID number to each controller and its associated
remotes.
Note: The STDMA Group ID number and the Network ID number are indepen-
dent. There can be multiple STDMA groups within a single network.
The target CDM-570/570L Group ID can be modified by entering an I at the
command prompt to display the dialog shown in figure 3-11.
Figure 3-11
Group ID prompt
STDMA Max Power Hunt
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
Should link reception from a Remote be incorrect or impaired (e.g., poor environmental conditions), the STDMA Max Power Hunt feature is an option on
the Remote modem that automatically adjusts the Remote transmit power to
ensure that burst map acknowledgements from that unit are received by the Hub
burst controller. When enabled, the burst controller sets a flag in the burst map
that indicates it is not receiving acknowledgements from an enabled Remote.
When the Remote receives the burst map, it will see the flag and automatically
increase power up to the maximum value specified with this parameter (3, 6, or
9 dB) above the default or Home State setting. If this closes the link, the burst
controller will clear the flag. Note that if the dB increase is more than is necessary, DPC will make a down adjustment to the appropriate level and this adjustment will be added to the DPC Offset.
This feature option is Enabled/Disabled by entering H at the command prompt.
3-14 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
Figure 3-12
STDMA Max Power Hunt prompt
Low Data Rate Fast Acquisition
Configurable on a Hub Burst Controller only.
This menu item is a toggle used to Enable or Disable the Vipersat Burst Fast
Acquisition Timing (BFAT) feature that functions at low data rates (64 kbps to
256 kbps). This feature allows for significantly faster acquisition times at these
data rates, even with higher noise, resulting in improved efficiency of the shared
STDMA channel. Since signal lock is faster at higher data rates, BFAT is not
active above 256 kbps.
Entering A at the command prompt will toggle this feature On or Off.
This feature requires Base Modem firmware version 1.5.2 or later, together with
Router firmware version 1.5.3 or later. Modems must be operating at either 3/4
QPSK or .95 QPSK in order to utilize BFAT.
Note: Use of BFAT is NOT recommended with ECMv2.
When this feature is enabled with any other allocation method, the
Preamble parameter becomes fixed (not settable by the user) and this
value is automatically determined by the system—appears as display
only in the CLI; not displayed in the Parameter Editor.
Burstmap Multicast IP
This menu item is used to define the IP address for the Burstmap Multicast that
is sent out by the STDMA burst controller at the Hub to all of the associated
remotes in that group. This address must be the same for all members of the
group. The burstmap is a proprietary message sent from the Hub to all remotes,
at regular intervals, specifying the relative start time and duration for each
terminal to transmit.
To change the current address, enter N at the command prompt to display the
dialog shown in figure 3-13.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-15
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-13
Burstmap Multicast IP prompt
Outbound IP
This menu item, which appears for all Hub configurations, displays the current
Outbound IP address. This specifies the Hub device that is supplying the TDM
outbound to the satellite (typically a CDM-570/570L). Specifying this address is
necessary when configuring a Hub that utilizes a burst controller that is a separate device from the TDM modem.
This address must also be defined when using the following features:
• DPC
• SOTM
The Outbound IP address will be the same as the burst controller IP address
when the burst controller and the TDM modem are the same device.
To define the TDM outbound address, enter O at the command prompt. The
dialog shown in figure 3-14 will be displayed.
Figure 3-14
Outbound IP prompt
Cycles Per Burst Map
This menu item, which appears for Hub types Fixed, Dynamic Slot, and Entry
Channel, displays the number of spin cycles that will occur prior to each broad-
cast of the Burst Map by the burst controller to the remotes. One cycle is the
amount of time it takes for all remotes in a group to burst on the common channel. The burst map provides each remote with its allocated bandwidth and position in the cycle.
3-16 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
For Dynamic Cycle and GIR configurations, the number of cycles is automatically set to one in order to ensure optimum performance for these Hub types.
This parameter can be modified from the Hub CDM-570/570L by entering a C
at the command prompt as shown in figure 3-15.
Figure 3-15
Cycles per Burst Map prompt
On Remote units, this menu item is an information-only display.
Slot Guardband
This menu item, which appears for all Hub configurations, displays the current
length of the Slot Guardband in milliseconds and in bytes for the remotes in the
group. The Slot Guardband is the amount of time between the point when one
remote completes transmitting data and the point when the next remote in the
cycle begins transmitting. This prevents the remote from overrunning the next
terminal in the cycle. The setting for this parameter should be obtained using the
Vipersat STDMA Calculator.
Tip: For a copy of the latest Viper Calculator, contact a Comtech Vipersat
Networks representative.
On a Hub unit, this value can be modified by entering G at the command
prompt to display the dialog shown in figure 3-16 and entering a new value.
Figure 3-16
Slot Guardband prompt
On Remote units, this menu item is an information-only display.
Note: The value entered at the command line in figure 3-16 is in milliseconds.
The corresponding value expressed in bytes is calculated by the
CDM-570/570L based on the STDMA transmit bit rate as shown in the
menu in figure 3-7.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-17
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
Slot Preamble Length
This menu item, which appears in all Hub and Remote configurations, displays
the current Slot Preamble size in milliseconds and bytes for the remotes in the
group. The Slot Preamble is the period between when the remote begins to
transmit (sends an ACK) to the Hub and when the first data packet is sent. This
allows time for signal lock to occur before data is sent, thus preventing data
loss. Higher data rates allow for a shorter preamble, since it is easier to achieve
signal lock. The setting for this parameter should be obtained using the Vipersat
STDMA Calculator.
Note: When either the BFAT feature is enabled or the Hub type is ECMv2, the
preamble length is set automatically for the unit.
On a Hub unit, entering P at the command prompt allows changing the pream-
ble duration in milliseconds.
Figure 3-17
Slot Preamble Length prompt
On Remote units, this menu item is an information-only display.
Slot Data Length
This menu item displays the Slot Data Length in milli-seconds and bytes for the
remotes in the group, and represents the amount of data that can be transmitted
or received in one spin of the STDMA cycle by each of the Remotes belonging
to that group. This is the amount of time that the remote is provided to send data
in the cycle.
Depending on the Hub type that is defined for the modem, the appearance of
this parameter will vary:
• Fixed – Slot Data Length
• Dynamic Slot – Nominal Data Length, Minimum Data Length
• Dynamic Cycle – Maximum Data Length, Minimum Data Length
• GIR – Minimum Data Length
• Entry Channel – Data Length, Minimum Data Length
3-18 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
• ECMv2 – Slot Data Length
On a Hub unit, entering B and M at the command prompt brings up the dialogs
for specifying the data length in milliseconds for the target CDM-570/570L, as
shown in figure 3-18.
Figure 3-18
Slot Data Length (Nominal)
On Remote units, this menu item is an information-only display.
Total Slot Count
This menu item appears for Hub units operating in ECMv2 only.
This parameter defines the number of time slots per cycle available for assignment to the Remotes in queue that are to be switched from ECM into dSCPC.
These are the Remotes that are tagged for Online mode. By design, ECM works
on a contention basis, with the number of slots being some fraction of the total
number of Remotes. In order for this ratio to be optimized, a Vipersat calculator
is available to determine this setting.
Tip: Contact a Comtech Vipersat Networks representative for a copy of the
latest Vipersat ECM Calculator.
Figure 3-19
Total Slot Count prompt
Entering R at the command prompt allows changing the slot count.
Valid range is 1 to 255.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-19
Vipersat Configuration
Slot Cycle Length
This menu item is for information only and displays the Slot Cycle Length in
milliseconds and bytes for the remotes in the group. This value represents the
total amount of time—preamble, data length, and guardband—allocated to the
remote modem during one spin cycle.
Slot Start in Cycle
This menu item is an information-only display for Remote modems, and indicates how much time passes from the start of the spin cycle until this Remote is
provided a time slot. In the example shown in figure 3-8, the Remote is
provided the first slot in the cycle (0 mSec).
Set Remotes
This menu item appears in the STDMA screen when the Unit Role is Hub,
except for Hub Type ECMv2.
From a Hub CDM-570/570L, entering R at the command prompt displays the
STDMA Remotes Menu.
Figure 3-20
3-20 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
STDMA Remotes Menu screen
Vipersat Configuration
The menu shown in figure 3-20 is used to define and make modifications to the
Remotes that belong to the STDMA group for the Hub burst controller, as well
as to display each Remote’s burstmap status information.
Adding a Remote to the STDMA Group
Entering the item number for the Remote modem/router brings up the dialog
shown in figure 3-21. A prompt to enter the Name for the Remote unit appears,
followed by a prompt to enter the IP Address.
Figure 3-21
Adding a Remote to the STDMA group
Once a Remote has been added to the group, its Status in the group is displayed
by the use of the following letters:
• U = Used – This Remote is being used in the burstmap.
Once a remote has been added to the STDMA group, this status will
always be displayed.
• B = Burstmap – This Remote is currently in the burstmap.
This status will be displayed unless the remote has been removed (R),
disabled (D), or switched (S) out of the STDMA burstmap.
• R = Removed – This Remote is currently removed from the burstmap.
When displayed, this status indicates that the Hub has removed this remote
from the burstmap due to a communications fault.
• D = Disabled – This Remote is currently disabled and is not in the
burstmap.
This status will be displayed when a remote is manually disabled by the
operator or administrator.
• S = Switched – This Remote is currently switched into SCPC mode.
When displayed, this status indicates that the VMS has automatically
switched the remote out of the burstmap and into SCPC operation.
• H = Home State Revert – This Remote is not currently receiving burst
maps. When a remote, stuck in SCPC mode by failure to receive a VMS
revert command, sees the burst map with this flag set, it will automatically
revert to its home state and STDMA mode.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-21
Vipersat Configuration
• CF – This Remote has not sent an acknowledgement to the burst controller
since it was enabled.
Base
Entering a B at the command prompt in figure 3-20 allows entering the Remote
number to start displaying remotes in this menu screen. Entering the number 1,
as shown in figure 3-20, displays nine remotes, 1 through 9. If the number 4 had
been entered, the display would show the nine remotes starting with remote 4
(i.e., remotes 4 through 12).
Figure 3-22
Modifying Remote Display Base
Remote Count
The Remote Count menu item in figure 3-20 is an information only display
showing the total number of Remotes that currently belong to the STDMA
group for this Hub burst controller.
Set Remote Policies
This menu item, which appears for GIR and Entry Channel Hub types, allows
each Remote to be configured for specific data switching conditions.
For Hub STDMA Controllers operating in either GIR or Entry Channel mode,
typical load switching is not the mechanism that performs the transition from
STDMA to SCPC mode due to traffic load. In GIR mode, the Remote is
switched to SCPC as soon as the GIR threshold is reached. In Entry Channel
mode, the Remote is switched to SCPC as soon as the Hub receives the first
transmission from the Remote.
For both GIR and ECM, the event of switching from STDMA to SCPC can only
occur if the SCPC Switch Rate parameter is set to a value greater than 0 (zero).
If the switch rate for a Remote is set to 0 kbps, that Remote will remain in
STDMA mode and will only switch to SCPC mode due to an application switch
or a diagnostic (manual) switch.
Entering P at the STDMA Remotes Menu command prompt displays the
Remote Policies screen shown in either figure 3-23 (GIR Hub) or figure 3-25
(Entry Channel Hub).
3-22 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-23
STDMA Remote Policies screen (GIR Hub)
Entering the Remote number at the command prompt in figure 3-23 allows the
Guaranteed Information Rate and the Automatic Load Switch Rate for that
Remote to be set, as shown in figure 3-24. Note that the Available Bandwidth is
displayed for reference in this screen to assist with entering the appropriate
rates. The cycle length for GIR is limited to a maximum of one second.
Figure 3-24
GIR Remote Policies prompt
Set the Automatic Load Switch Rate to a value greater than the GIR to allow the
Remote to be automatically switched out of STDMA and into SCPC mode
when traffic exceeds the GIR. A Switch Rate of 0 will prevent the Remote from
being switched out of STDMA and into SCPC mode.
The Remote Policies screen for an Entry Channel Hub type allows the SCPC
data rates and switch types to be specified for when the Remotes will switch and
the desired starting points for communications.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-23
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-25
Entry Channel Switch Rates screen
Entering the Remote number at the command prompt in figure 3-25 allows the
SCPC Data Rate and the Switch Type for that Remote to be set, as shown in
figure 3-26. Switch type 0 corresponds to Load Switching; switch types 64
through 255 are user-defined, and must match VMS policies. When choosing
Load Switching as the Switch Type, the associated Remote must have the Load
Switching feature Enabled (see the section “STDMA/SCPC Automatic Switching” on page 3-31).
Figure 3-26
Remote SCPC Data Rate and Switch Type prompt
The Global SCPC Rate command can be used to set the data rate for all or a
majority of the Remotes. This allows the rate to be entered just once instead of
entering the rate for each remote individually. Enter G at the command prompt.
Figure 3-27
3-24 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Global SCPC Data Rate prompt
Vipersat Configuration
Similarly, the Global Switch Type command can be used to set the switch type
for all or a majority of the Remotes. Enter H at the command prompt.
Figure 3-28
Global Switch Type prompt
Delete Remote
Entering D at the command prompt shown in figure 3-20 brings up the Delete
Remote dialog shown in figure 3-29.
Figure 3-29
Delete Remote prompt
Enter the number of the Remote CDM-570/570L at the command prompt to
delete it from the STDMA group for this Hub burst controller.
Enable/Disable Remote
Enter E at the command prompt in figure 3-20 to display the dialog shown in
figure 3-30. The Remotes in the STDMA group are displayed, indicating
whether each is currently Enabled (E) or Disabled.
Figure 3-30
Enable/Disable Remote prompt
Enter the number of the Remote at the command prompt to toggle the Remote
from its current Enable/Disable configuration.
In the example screen shown above, Remotes 1 and 2 are Enabled and Remotes
3 and 4 are Disabled.
View Remote(s)
Entering V at the command prompt shown in figure 3-20 will display the listing
of Remote(s) that belong to the STDMA group for this Hub burst controller, and
their status, as shown in figure 3-31.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-25
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-31
View Remote(s) screen
The display is for information only and pressing any key will return the screen
to the menu shown in figure 3-20.
Remove Timeout
Entering R at the command prompt shown in figure 3-20 will display the
Remove Timeout dialog shown in figure 3-32. Note that this menu item shows
the current setting (in seconds) for this parameter.
Figure 3-32
Remove Timeout prompt
The value entered at the command prompt defines the amount of time (in
seconds) with no communication from a Remote to the Hub before that Remote
is removed from the Burstmap. If communications are lost for this period of
time, the Remote is removed from the STDMA group, and the bandwidth
resources it had been allocated are then made available for use by the other
remotes remaining in the group.
This feature is useful, for example, in an SNG application where a mobile
Remote has finished its assignment and has shut down.
Remove Retry Timeout
Entering T at the command prompt in figure 3-20 will display the Remove
Retry Timeout dialog shown in figure 3-33.
3-26 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-33
Remove Retry Timeout prompt
When a Remote is removed from the STDMA group, as described in the section
“Remove Timeout” above, entering a value in the Remove Retry Timeout
dialog defines the amount of time (in seconds) that is allowed to pass before a
retry attempt is made to return the removed Remote to the group. The Remote is
re-entered into the burst map cycle; if the Remote does not burst back (ACK) to
the Hub burst controller, it is again removed from the Burst Map.
This allows, again using a mobile remote as an example, shutting down the
remote at one location, moving it to a new location, and then automatically reestablishing a connection to the satellite network.
LNB LO Frequency
This menu item appears for an ECMv2 Hub type only.
This parameter, together with the Satellite Frequency Conversion setting, is critical for determining RF frequency translations between Hub and Remote offsets
or data spectral inversions. Take care in setting these correctly.
Enter Z at the command prompt and specify the correct LNB Local Oscillator
frequency (MHz) that this Hub unit will be receiving.
Figure 3-34
LNB LO Frequency prompt
BUC LO Frequency
This menu item appears for ECMv2 modems only.
This parameter is critical for determining RF frequency translations between
Hub and Remote offsets or data spectral inversions. Take care in setting this
correctly.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-27
Vipersat Configuration
Enter B at the command prompt and specify the correct BUC Local Oscillator
frequency (MHz) that this Remote will be transmitting.
Figure 3-35
BUC LO Frequency prompt
Satellite Frequency Conversion
This menu item appears for the ECMv2 Hub type only.
This parameter, together with the LNB LO Frequency setting, is critical for
determining RF frequency translations between Hub and Remote offsets or data
spectral inversions. Take care in setting these correctly.
Enter F at the command prompt and specify the correct Satellite Frequency
Conversion value (MHz) that this Hub unit.
Figure 3-36
Satellite Frequency Conversion prompt
STDMA Statistics
Entering V at the command prompt in the STDMA screen displays the STDMA
Statistics as shown in either figure 3-37 (Hub) or figure 3-38 (Remote). These
screens provide information for the number of Bursts (Remote only), number of
Burst Maps, and the current STDMA Cycle Length.
Because the Remote modem bursts back to the Hub once every cycle, the
number of Bursts displayed should be a multiple of the number of Burst Maps
displayed, with this multiple determined by the number of cycles per burst map
(1, 2, or more) that has been defined at the Hub. For the example shown in
figure 3-38 (Dynamic Cycle), the number of cycles per burst map is one, and
therefore the number of Bursts equals the number of Burst Maps.
3-28 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-37
Figure 3-38
STDMA Statistics screen (Hub)
STDMA Statistics screen (Remote)
The window of time that is used to average the accumulation of statistics can
be set by entering W at the command prompt in the Hub screen, then entering
the number of seconds (from 1 to 20).
To clear (reset to 0) these statistics, enter C at the command prompt.
Show Hub Statistics
Entering a W at the command prompt in the STDMA screen (figure 3-7)
displays the current statistics for the target CDM-570/570L Hub, as shown in
figure 3-39.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-29
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-39
Hub Statistics screen
Statistics in the received ACK from each Remote are monitored by the Burst
Controller. These statistics report the fill status of the burst data slot for each
Remote. The Burst Controller builds a table of the group and calculates the relative data byte count for each Remote. It then calculates the length of the data
slot for each Remote based on the Minimum Slot Length plus a percentage of
the Available Bandwidth. Idle Remotes receive a data slot equal to the Minimum Slot Length.
In figure 3-39, Remote 1 with IP address 10.1.128.1 had activity during the
averaging period. It captured 37.8% of the total slot time and had an average
slot length of 283 ms. Remotes 2, 3, and 4 had 41.5%, 18.1%, and 7.6% respectively. The dynamic range of STDMA is a function of the difference between
the Nominal Data Length and the Minimum Data Length parameters. These
parameters are operator selectable. The speed with which STDMA reacts to
changes in dynamic load is a function of the Statistics Accumulation Window
parameter and the Cycles per Burst Map parameter, both of which are also operator selectable.
The Hub statistics are useful for tuning the Burst Controller. Preamble adjustments, up or down, are made using the missed ACKs statistic; a preamble and/
or guardband that is too short will result in an accumulation of missed ACKs.
The “Cont” column represents continuous—the number of sequential ACKs
missed.
An informative indicator in the Hub Statistics screen is the STDMA status of
the Remotes that appears in the first column to the right of the IP Address list.
The Remote status is displayed in one of three possible modes:
• E – Remote is Enabled and active in the STDMA group; the Hub burst
controller is receiving ACKs from this Remote.
• ER – Remote is Enabled but has been Removed from the STDMA group
due to missed ACKs at the Hub burst controller.
3-30 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
• (Blank) – Remote either has been manually Disabled, such as through the
STDMA Remotes Menu Enable/Disable command, or has been switched
out of STDMA to SCPC mode by the VMS.
STDMA/SCPC Automatic Switching
One of the most powerful features of the Vipersat CDM-570/570L is the capability to perform Automatic switching between STDMA mode and SCPC mode
based on bandwidth demand. The configuration options that are available to
meet customer-specific requirements are extensive, and include switching based
on Load, Application (Voice and Video RTP), ToS, and QoS.
For additional information, refer to Appendix B, “Automatic Switching,” in this
document.
Note: Care must be taken when configuring the Auto Switching features of the
Vipersat system to ensure that there is no duplication or overlap of
switching functions between Application, ToS, and QoS for a particular
traffic flow. Only one of these switching methods should be utilized for
any one flow requirement.
The functions available for configuring the switching operations depend on
whether the target CDM-570/570L is a Hub unit or if it is a Remote unit. Note
that Automatic switching does not apply to either a Hub Expansion unit or a
Remote Expansion unit; these Vipersat working modes operate in dedicated
SCPC mode and all switching control is performed by the VMS. As is shown in
table 2-2, Auto Switching should be Disabled for these two modes.
In order for the target CDM-570/570L to be automatically switched between
STDMA and SCPC modes, the Auto Switching feature must be Enabled as
described in the section “Feature Configuration” on page 3-5.
Selecting Automatic Switching from the Vipersat Configuration screen
shown in figure 3-6 (enter A) will display the STDMA/SCPC Auto Switching
screen shown in either figure 3-40 (Hub modem) or figure 3-41 (Remote
modem).
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-31
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-40
STDMA/SCPC Auto Switching screen (Hub)
Load switching is controlled by both the Hub and the Remote, and thus related
commands appear in both screens. The initial Load switch request is made by
the Hub. Once in SCPC mode, subsequent Load switch requests (Step Up, Step
Down) are made by the Remote.
Application switching, ToS switching, and QoS switching are controlled by the
Remote, and thus appear only in the Remote Auto Switching screen.
Figure 3-41
STDMA/SCPC Auto Switching screen (Remote)
Auto Switching
The Auto Switching item is for information only and shows the current configuration of this feature for the target CDM-570/570L. This feature is Enabled and
Disabled as described in the section “Feature Configuration” on page 3-5. Auto
Switching must be Enabled in order to utilize any of the related features/
commands in this menu.
3-32 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
Note that Auto Switching must be Enabled on a Hub STDMA Controller that is
configured for Entry Channel mode.
Current WAN Transmit Mode
The Current WAN Transmit Mode item is for information only and reflects
the current status (STDMA mode or SCPC mode) of the CDM-570/570L. If the
CDM-570/570L is functioning as a Hub in the network, this item will always
read Continuous as shown in figure 3-40. If the CDM-570/570L is functioning
as a Remote in the network and STDMA is enabled, this item will show
STDMA (Burst) when in STDMA mode, as shown in figure 3-41, or Continuous when switched out into SCPC mode.
Tip: This menu item is useful for determining whether a Remote modem is
currently operating in STDMA or SCPC mode.
Voice & Video Application Switching
One of the four automatic switching functions that the Vipersat CDM-570/570L
is able to perform is Application Switching. The Vipersat CDM-570/570L
provides application switching for non-encrypted SIP and/or H.323 traffic that
is detected on the satellite network. When encryption prevents the detection of
this type of traffic, an alternate means of SCPC switching can be configured
using the ToS auto switching feature.
Detection of the voice and video traffic occurs in the Remote modem classifier,
which looks at traffic that is passed in both directions (Hub-to-Remote and
Remote-to-Hub). Once the Voice and Video Switch Detection features are
enabled, the Remote modem will send an Automatic Switch Request (ASR) to
the VMS when an SIP and/or H.323 call is detected. The ASR contains the
destination IP address of the RTP packets. If available hardware and bandwidth
exist, the VMS will establish the SCPC carrier automatically.
Note: Application switching (Voice and Video) must be Enabled for each
CDM-570/570L in a network that is going to perform Application switching in order for the VMS to dynamically optimize network circuit parameters to accommodate these applications.
Load switching by the VMS is not affected by this setting.
Voice Switch Detection
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
Voice Switch Detection is one of the Application switching commands that
provides for a dedicated SCPC connection when an SIP and/or H.323 voice call
is made over the satellite network.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-33
Vipersat Configuration
Entering O at the command prompt toggles the Voice Switch Detection
command for the CDM-570/570L between Enabled and Disabled. When
enabled, a voice data-stream will be detected, causing the CDM-570/570L to
send a switch request to the VMS to switch from STDMA to SCPC mode.
Video Switch Detection
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
Video Switch Detection is one of the Application switching commands that
provides for a dedicated SCPC connection when an H.323 video call is made
over the satellite network.
Entering I at the command prompt toggles the Video Switch Detection
command for the CDM-570/570L between Enabled and Disabled. When
enabled, a video data-stream will be detected, causing the CDM-570/570L to
send a switch request to the VMS to switch from STDMA to SCPC mode.
ToS Switch Detection
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
One of the four automatic switching functions that the Vipersat CDM-570/570L
is able to perform is ToS (Type of Service) Switching. ToS is defined by an
eight bit field within an IP packet header that is used to set up per-hop-based
QoS rules for prioritizing packets. Because the ToS field remains untouched by
most encryption methods, ToS switching provides an alternative means of
SCPC switching when encryption prevents the detection of SIP and H.323
protocols.
ToS detection occurs in the Remote modem which only looks at traffic that is
passed in the LAN-to-SAT (Remote to Hub) direction. Once the ToS Switch
Detection feature is enabled, the Remote modem will send an ASR to the VMS
when a packet stamped with the ToS is detected. The ASR contains the destination IP address of the ToS stamped packet, the desired SCPC rate, and the VMS
Switch Type (policy #). If available hardware and bandwidth exist, the VMS
will establish the SCPC carrier automatically.
Entering T at the command prompt in figure 3-41 toggles the TOS Switch
Detection command for the CDM-570/570L between Enabled and Disabled.
When enabling ToS switching, the ToS switching control parameters must be
defined as described in the section “ToS Switching Parameters” on page 3-45.
Applying a ToS value to an application (VoIP, IPVC, or priority data) through
either preservation or classification packet stamping allows the Vipersat switching system to function in an encrypted network. Normally in a non-encrypted
Vipersat network, packets are classified by the Remote CDM-570/570L using
protocol classification detection and the results are forwarded to VMS via
3-34 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
NOTE
VESP (Vipersat External Switching Protocol) or, in legacy VMS systems, via
an ASR (Automatic Switch Request) message. The VMS switch detector
service then applies the required or requested bandwidth using policies which
have been pre-configured in the VMS. Refer to the VMS User’s Guide for
details.
For example, if in a non-encrypted network a voice application service connection is started, the CDM-570/570L’s classifier analyzes signaling and data
protocols (H.323, SIP, & Data RTP) being routed through the CDM-570/570L.
After connection detection, the process waits for data (RTP). Data is normally
sent after the receiving party answers, which then triggers the system to process
an ASR. Using the ToS classification, the detection function allows applicationbased switching in encrypted networks where the signaling protocols are
encrypted or effectively hidden.
Note: Load switching by the VMS is not affected by enabling ToS detection.
QoS Switch Detection
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
One of the four automatic switching functions that the Vipersat CDM-570/570L
is able to perform is QoS (Quality of Service) Switching. The optional QoS
capabilities available in each modem/router may be utilized whenever a modem
will be handling high-priority traffic, such as video or voice. While developing
the QoS rules to be applied to the unit, the type of traffic the modem is expected
to handle must be considered.
With this feature, an STDMA to SCPC switch can be initiated based upon any
type of IP traffic flow that matches a defined QoS queue. QoS detection occurs
in the Remote modem classifier, which looks at traffic that is passed in both
directions (Hub-to-Remote and Remote-to-Hub). When an IP packet matches a
defined QoS rule, the Remote modem sends an ASR to the VMS that contains
the destination address of the detected packet, the defined bit rate, and the
policy type. If available hardware and bandwidth exist, the VMS will establish
the SCPC carrier automatically.
Enable Quality of Service (QoS) Feature
Note: Quality of Service is an optional modem/router feature. If the QoS feature
(FAST feature code) has not been purchased for this modem, the QoS
menu item will not be displayed.
The QoS feature must be enabled in order for the QoS Switch Detection feature
to function. The QoS feature is Enabled/Disabled from the Feature Configura-
tion screen (see figure 2-3).
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-35
Vipersat Configuration
Configure QoS Rules
The Vipersat CDM-570/570L is capable of performing automatic switching
based on the QoS rules for a Remote modem. QoS rules can be assigned to
different flow types that are user-defined by any combination of traffic type
protocol (FTP, UDP, RTP, etc.), source/destination IP (specific or range), and/
or Layer 3 source/destination port.
The Vipersat QoS Switching feature is designed to manage single, specific
sessions or flow types, such as a UDP video stream targeted to a specific port.
When defining QoS rules for QoS based switching, it is best to make them as
specific as possible so as to avoid unintended or multiple sessions/flows being
generated with that rule. A QoS rule that creates multiple flows will result in
poor switching performance. With voice traffic, for example, prioritize by using
the VOCE protocol rather than prioritizing with RTP or UDP.
From the Main Menu for the Remote modem, enter Q to access the QoS
Configuration screen, as shown in figure 3-42.
Figure 3-42
QoS Configuration screen
Enter M at the command prompt to designate one of four Modes of QoS operation (figure 3-43):
• Rule Max/Priority – QoS rules based on maximum bandwidth and
priority
• Rule Min/Max – QoS rules based on minimum and maximum bandwidth
• Diff Serv – QoS rules based on Differentiated Services settings
• VLAN – QoS rules based on the user priority field in the VLAN header
Figure 3-43
3-36 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
QoS Mode prompt
Vipersat Configuration
The QoS mode that is chosen will determine the settable parameters for defining
QoS rules.
Enter Q at the command prompt in figure 3-42 to access the QoS Rules Config-
uration screen. The example shown in figure 3-44 is for Max/Priority mode.
Figure 3-44
QoS Rules Configuration screen, Max/Priority Mode
Enter D at the prompt in figure 3-42 to access the DiffServ Rules Configura-
tion screen.
Figure 3-45
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-37
DiffServ Rules Configuration screen
Vipersat Configuration
Configure the desired number of rules that are necessary for the applications to
be used for this network. Refer to the CDM-570/570L Installation and Opera-
tion Manual for details on configuring QoS Rules for the CDM-570/570L.
Configure QoS Rules Based Switching
Enter V at the command prompt in figure 3-42 to access the QoS Rules Based
Switching screen for the Remote modem, as shown in figure 3-46.
Figure 3-46
QoS Rules Based Switching screen
Determine which QoS rules will be used as a basis for performing SCPC
switching, then configure the VMS policy type, the SCPC switch rate, and the
timeout value to be associated with each rule. Assigning a 0 (zero) value means
that no SCPC switch will occur for that rule.
Typical System Latency
Enter A at the command prompt in figure 3-42 to configure the Typical System
Latency parameter for the Remote modem, as shown in figure 3-47.
Figure 3-47
Typical System Latency prompt
This setting corresponds to the buffer queue depth and should be set according
to the type of traffic. In the majority of applications, the recommended setting is
3-38 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
between 200 and 500 msecs. For higher traffic priority, a lower latency is
desired. Voice traffic, for example, would call for a setting of 200 msecs to
minimize latency effects.
Valid range is 200 to 5000 msecs.
Enable WAN SAR
Packet Segmentation and Reassembly (SAR) can be enabled for QoS. With this
feature, packets are made smaller to speed them through the network and to
satisfy specified packet size restrictions for a given path.
SAR is an adaptive process; it will trigger only if the packet latency exceeds the
threshold value (default is 20 msec). Latency value is calculated based on the
satellite transmission bandwidth. The minimum segment size is limited to 480
bytes—excluding satellite HDLC header information—in order to avoid satellite overhead and consumption of CPU cycles.
Enter R at the prompt in figure 3-42 to toggle between Enabled/Disabled.
Enable QoS Switch Detection Feature
Once QoS has been enabled and configured as described above, the last step in
implementing QoS switching is to Enable the QoS Switch Detection feature.
Entering Q at the command prompt in figure 3-41 toggles the QoS Switch
Detection feature between Enabled and Disabled.
Load Switching
One of the four automatic switching functions that the Vipersat CDM-570/570L
is able to perform is Load Switching. The system will detect variations in data
rate and can be configured to switch from STDMA to SCPC based on bandwidth requirements.
The initial switch for a Remote CDM-570/570L from STDMA mode to SCPC
mode is determined by the Hub Burst Controller. Once the Remote is switched
into SCPC, any requests to meet additional switching requirments within SCPC
(Step Up or Step Down) are made by the Remote modem.
The Load Switching command on the Auto Switching menu is a toggle that
Enables and Disables Load Switching on the target CDM-570/570L. Entering
B at the command prompt will toggle between these two states.
Note: Load switching must be Enabled for any CDM-570/570L that will experi-
ence changing load conditions in order for the VMS to dynamically optimize network performance on these circuits.
Application switching by the VMS, such as for Voice and/or Video, is not
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-39
Vipersat Configuration
affected by this setting. However, using Load switching for real-time
applications is not recommended.
STDMA Slot Capacity
This menu item appears for Hub modems only.
The STDMA Slot Capacity command allows setting the threshold or level of
slot capacity at which the Burst Controller sends a switch request to the VMS to
switch the Remote from STDMA mode to SCPC mode.
A default setting (95%) is provided, but there may be unique network configurations that require modifying the STDMA slot capacity value. To change this
setting, enter U at the command prompt in the Auto Switching screen to display
the dialog shown in figure 3-48.
Figure 3-48
STDMA Slot Capacity prompt
STDMA Switch Delay
This menu item appears for Hub modems only.
In order to minimize unnecessary switching from STDMA to SCPC due to transient conditions, such as a temporary spike in network traffic for example, a
switch delay parameter is provided. This setting is used to specify a delay before
a switch occurs.
A default value (10 seconds) is provided, but this value can be changed to
accommodate a unique network configuration or application. To change this
setting, enter W at the command prompt in the Auto Switching screen to
display the dialog shown in figure 3-49.
Figure 3-49
STDMA Switch Delay prompt
3-40 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
Percent Allocation
This menu item appears for Hub modems only.
The Percent Allocation menu item allows adding a fixed percentage to the
channel bandwidth request to accommodate additional bandwidth requirements
which may occur after the switch is made from STDMA to SCPC mode.
Typically the default value (10%) will be sufficient, but if there may be a larger
bandwidth requirement after the switch, the percent allocation value can be
increased. In choosing a value for this allocation, future bandwidth requirements for the channel must be balanced against efficient bandwidth utilization.
To change this setting, enter E at the command prompt in the Auto Switching
screen to display the dialog shown in figure 3-50.
Figure 3-50
Percent Allocation prompt
SCPC Step Up Threshold
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
The SCPC Step Up Threshold establishes the percentage of bandwidth use
that will trigger a switch up from the present SCPC rate to a higher rate to
ensure that there is sufficient bandwidth available for current conditions.
A default value (95%) is provided, but if a different threshold is desired, an
alternate value can be specified by entering U at the command prompt in the
Auto Switching screen to display the dialog shown in figure 3-51. Note that
this value must be greater than the value specified for the SCPC Step Down
Threshold.
Figure 3-51
SCPC Step Up Threshold prompt
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-41
Vipersat Configuration
SCPC Step Down Threshold
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
The SCPC Step Down Threshold establishes the percentage of bandwidth use
that will trigger a switch down from the present SCPC rate to a lower rate to
ensure efficient bandwidth usage.
A default value (65%) is provided, but if a different threshold is desired, an
alternate value can be specified by entering D at the command prompt in the
Auto Switching screen to display the dialog shown in figure 3-52. Note that
this value must be less than the value specified for the SCPC Step Up Threshold.
Figure 3-52
SCPC Step Down Threshold prompt
SCPC Step Up Delay
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
The SCPC Step Up Delay feature provides a switching delay period to ensure
that a premature switch up in the SCPC rate does not occur due to a temporary
rise in traffic.
A default value (10 seconds) is provided, but this parameter can be modified by
entering W at the command prompt in the Auto Switching screen to display the
dialog shown in figure 3-53.
Figure 3-53
SCPC Step Up Delay prompt
SCPC Step Down Delay
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
3-42 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
The SCPC Step Down Delay feature provides a switching delay period to
ensure that a premature switch down in the SCPC rate does not occur due to a
temporary fall in traffic.
A default value (60 seconds) is provided, but this parameter can be modified by
entering V at the command prompt in the Auto Switching screen to display the
dialog shown in figure 3-53.
Figure 3-54
SCPC Step Down Delay prompt
SCPC Step Up Excess
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
During each SCPC Step Up switch, the excess capacity data rate value entered
by this command is added to the new SCPC data rate. This excess is added each
time an SCPC Step Up switch occurs. This setting makes additional bandwidth
available for when the demand arises while minimizing Step Up switching
events.
A default value (10%) is provided, but this parameter can be modified by entering E at the command prompt in the Auto Switching screen to display the
dialog shown in figure 3-55.
Figure 3-55
SCPC Step Up Excess prompt
Keep Alive Timer for Carrier Inhibit
This menu item appears for Hub modems only.
The Keep Alive Timer for Carrier Inhibit parameter provides a fixed setting
that can be specified for the keep alive message sent to the Remotes from the
Hub. This provides an alternate to the burst map which is variable and may
become excessively long in certain applications. An example of this is a burst
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-43
Vipersat Configuration
map containing a large number (up to 100) of remotes running in ECM mode
where the burst period exceeds the Remote carrier inhibit timer.
When implemented, this parameter is set at either the TDM outbound unit or a
switched demod, not at the STDMA Controller, in order to prevent a problem
should the burst controller be rebooted.
Enter C at the command prompt in the Auto Switching screen to display the
dialog shown in figure 3-56.
Figure 3-56
Keep Alive Timer for Carrier Inhibit prompt
Note that this timer setting should be at least three times faster (shorter in duration) than the timer setting at the Remote(s) to ensure that network links are
maintained.
Time for Carrier Inhibit
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
The Time for Carrier Inhibit feature provides a time period to be specified for
how long the Remote modem has not received the Burst Map from the Hub
STDMA Controller (loss of link) before that Remote mutes its transmitter. This
feature is useful, for example, in an SNG application for a mobile Remote
whose antenna is no longer aligned with the satellite and should not continue to
transmit the carrier signal.
Enter C at the command prompt in the Auto Switching screen to display the
dialog shown in figure 3-57. This parameter is configured on an individual, per
Remote basis.
Figure 3-57
3-44 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Time for Carrier Inhibit prompt
Vipersat Configuration
Note that this timer setting should be at least three times greater (longer in duration) than the timer setting at the Hub to ensure that the network link is maintained.
ToS Switching Parameters
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
When ToS switching is enabled on a CDM-570/570L, the parameters for ToS
switching must be defined by entering P from the STDMA/SCPC Auto Switching screen (see figure 3-41). The TOS Switching Control menu shown in
figure 3-58 is displayed, allowing parameter entry for the desired ToS service to
be applied.
Figure 3-58
ToS Switching Control screen
ToS Switching Entry
After determining what ToS value to use, either application or router classifier,
select a ToS entry from the list for configuration or edit. The screen will prompt
for inputs to the list of range-checked values, as shown in the sample dialog in
figure 3-59 that displays the entries for TOS 03.
Figure 3-59
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-45
ToS Switching Entry dialog
Vipersat Configuration
• Enter Name for TOS ID [ ] - At the prompt, enter a user-defined text
label for circuit identification.
• Enter the TOS ID - Enter an integer value in the range of 1 to 63.
Entering a value of 0 will result in no switch.
• Enter the Switch Type - Enter an integer value in the range of 64 to 254
at the prompt to inform the VMS what switching policy to use. Entering a
value of 0 will result in no switch.
• Enter the TOS SCPC Switch Data Rate - Enter the desired data rate for
this service type. Valid entries are from 0 to 10,000 Kbps. This setting will
override the VMS set policy value.
• Enter the TOS SCPC Timeout - This timer monitors the defined packet
flow. Once data stops for the duration of the timer setting, the link state
will be restored to the home state condition. Valid entries are from 1 to 60
seconds.
After entering the timeout value, pressing the Enter key will update the TOS
Switching Control menu with the changes.
Max Streams
The maximum number of simultaneous ToS switched sessions for a Remote can
be specified by entering M at the command prompt in the ToS Switching
Control screen. Valid range is from 1 to 127.
Figure 3-60
ToS Max Streams prompt
Delete
Enter D at the command prompt in figure 3-58 to Delete a ToS entry, as shown
in figure 3-61.
Figure 3-61
3-46 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
ToS Delete prompt
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
Note: The value shown in the TOS Value column is the TOS ID associated
with the ToS entry to be deleted.
View
Entering a V at the command prompt will display the Internal TOS Table for
active entries as shown in figure 3-62.
Note that, due to binary conversion, the ID value is a multiple of 4 and the
Timout value is a multiple of 2.
Figure 3-62
ToS View screen
Hitless Switching Parameters
Unless inherent delays in configuring both ends of a satellite bandwidth link
during dynamic switching are accounted for, transmitted data may be lost
during the transition. The time for a switch command to be sent across the satellite link (~ 250 ms), the command processing time, as well as receiver acquisition time must be considered. The Vipersat Hitless Switching feature provides
a means to coordinate timing and utilize buffering to eliminate these data
outages.
To access the Hitless Switching screen, enter H from the STDMA/SCPC Auto
Switching screen (see figure 3-41).
Figure 3-63
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-47
Hitless Switching screen
Vipersat Configuration
This screen will initially display all lock times as -1, indicating that Hitless
Switching is currently disabled. To enable the Hitless Switching feature, enter R
at the command prompt to restore default lock times.
Delay for Mod
This parameter allows the operator to insert additional delay to buffer more data
after modulator transmission is ceased. Enter M to modify this parameter.
Delay for Demod
This parameter allows the operator to insert additional delay to account for the
tuning of the demodulator. Enter D to modify this parameter.
LockTimes
LockTime settings for the four data rates displayed can be adjusted either up or
down, but default settings based on satellite testing should be used as a starting
point. These defaults are stored in each modulator/demodulator unit and are
restored by entering R at the command prompt.
Once restored, the lock time for each data rate can be modified by entering the
corresponding number.
Figure 3-64
Set LockTime prompt
To disable Hitless Switching, enter -1 for all lock times.
Apply Delay Values
To implement any modifications to the Hitless Switching parameters, enter A at
the command prompt to apply these values to the modem.
SOTM Update
This menu item appears for the Hub modem only.
The SOTM Update enables RIPv2 (Routing Information Protocol) in forward
routes, providing dynamic updates to the routing table. This allows routing
configurations for Remotes to be written by the VMS via the Hub TDM. When
the VMS writes the routes, the TDM unit will generate a RIPv2 routing update
3-48 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
to its default gateway, specifying the new hop router for the Remote. This will
ensure that the edge router has a current table of routes to all of the remote sites.
Refer to the Vipersat VMS User Guide for implementation details.
In applications utilizing SOTM (Satellite On The Move) where multiple TDMs
share one router, this option should be enabled because of the potential that the
Hub TDM may change, and thus the path to the default gateway to the Remote
will change as well. It is not necessary to enable this option when each TDM
has its own router.
In a fixed environment, enabling this feature will allow an operator to use the
VMS to maintain the route tables for the Hub TDM.
Figure 3-65
Enter F at the command prompt to toggle this setting.
VMS Routes in Route Table
SOTM Mode
This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
When a Remote modem is utilized in a SOTM application, it is under the
control of the ROSS. Should the ROSS fail, control of the modem can be
regained by disabling the SOTM mode by entering F at the command prompt.
Note that this command is an override only; it is not an enable/disable toggle.
Unit Role
The Unit Role configuration determines whether the target CDM-570/570L is
to function as a Remote or as a Hub in the Vipersat satellite network. From the
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-49
Vipersat Configuration
Vipersat Configuration screen (figure 3-6), enter R to display the dialog
shown in figure 3-66.
Figure 3-66
Unit Role prompt
The choice made in this command will determine the role the target CDM-570/
570L will perform in the network and what type of commands and functions it
will receive from the VMS. Refer to table 2-1 and table 2-2 for a breakdown of
network roles and related functions and features.
Expansion Unit
The Expansion Unit menu item in the Vipersat Configuration screen
(figure 3-6) defines whether the target CDM-570/570L is to function as an
Expansion unit (the demod configured to operate in SCPC mode) or not. Entering E at the command prompt will display the dialog shown in figure 3-67.
Figure 3-67
The VMS uses this data when monitoring and controlling the network to determine the target CDM-570/570L’s function. When configured as an Expansion
unit, either as a Hub (switched) or as a Remote (mesh), the CDM-570/570L is
set up so that the demod is in SCPC mode and available as a resource for dedicated communications with the other end of the satellite link.
Expansion Unit prompt
Refer to table 2-1 and table 2-2 for a breakdown of network roles and related
functions and features.
3-50 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
Network ID
The Network ID that is assigned to the unit defines to what network the target
CDM-570/570L will belong. All units used in a network will have the same
Network ID. Enter B at the command prompt in the Vipersat Configuration
screen (figure 3-6) to display the dialog shown in figure 3-68.
Figure 3-68
The Network ID is used by the VMS to identify units that are common to a
network and allows the VMS to manage multiple networks, each with its own
unique Network ID number.
Network ID prompt
Unit Name
The Unit Name command in the Vipersat Configuration screen (figure 3-6) is
used to assign a name to the target CDM-570/570L. Enter N at the command
prompt to display the dialog shown in figure 3-69. Any name, up to 16 characters, can be entered for the unit.
Figure 3-69
This name is displayed by the VMS and identifies the unit in Network Manager,
the graphical network display.
Unit Name prompt
Receive Multicast Address
The Receive Multicast Address is the multitcast IP address assigned to all
CDM-570/570L units in the Vipersat network that are managed by the VMS
server. This address must match the VMS Transmit Multicast Address.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-51
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
When the CDM-570/570L receives a multicast from the VMS server, it receives
maintenance and control packets, including the server’s IP address. The
CDM-570/570L responds to the VMS server with a unicast containing its
current configuration data, including the CDM-570/570L’s IP address. When
the VMS receives the unicast response, it registers the CDM-570/570L on the
network.
Enter V at the command prompt in the Vipersat Configuration screen
(figure 3-6) to display the dialog shown in figure 3-70.
Figure 3-70
Receive Multicast IP Address prompt
Enter the Receive Multicast Address as assigned by the network operator/
administrator.
Managing IP Address
The Managing IP Address command in the Vipersat Configuration screen
(figure 3-6) allows the IP address for the server running VMS to be entered.
Enter I at the command prompt to display the dialog shown in figure 3-71.
Figure 3-71
The Managing IP Address of the VMS is sent out with the multicast to all of the
Vipersat units and will be automatically updated during the registration process.
The CDM-570/570L sends a unicast registration request to the Managing
Address every 60 seconds when requesting initial registration on the VMS
network. Later, the CDM-570/570L uses this address to send switch requests,
network health status messages, etc. to the managing VMS server.
Managing IP address menu
Note: The managing address will be set automatically if the Receive Multicast
3-52 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Address is configured correctly and the modem is receiving the
announcement multicast message. However, the modem WILL NOT
send its registration request message until this address is set.
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
Once the modem is registered, the I command is removed from the
Vipersat Configuration menu.
This managing address is automatically updated on a periodic basis for modems
that are newly enabled, incorrectly set, or following VMS changeovers (redundancy switching). The status of the registration process is displayed for this
parameter as follows:
• NOT-DEFINED — modem has booted up, but is unaware of the
managing address.
• No STDMA Xmit Grant — operator has entered managing address, but
modem (Remote) is not currently receiving burst maps.
• Sending Registration (n) — modem is receiving burst maps and the
number of registration attempts (n) is displayed.
• Registered — modem is registered with the VMS. For VMS v3.6.0 and
later, the VMS version number is also displayed (as shown in figure 3-6).
Management Security
Management Security is an optional Vipersat feature that provides encryption
on all VMS management messages passed between the VMS and the network
modems. When enabled, the VMS and all of the network modems must utilize a
common Encryption Key that is manually set on each. The key can be entered
either as an ASCII hex string of exactly 64 characters, or as a passphrase
consisting of 5 to 63 characters.
For modems that operate with Management Security, Enable this feature and
enter the Encryption Key that has been defined for the network.
Note: VMS version 3.7.1 or greater is required for Management Security.
Caution: During the process of network-wide key distribution and enabling of
encryption, communications may be lost as the STDMA control
messages will be unreadable until all modems in the network are
configured.
It is recommended that each of the Remote units be configured for
Management Security first, and then the Hub units be configured.
This method will reduce the need for on-site personnel during feature
implementation.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-53
Vipersat Configuration
If the FAST feature key for Management Security has been purchased for the
target modem, then it will appear as a menu item on the Vipersat Configuration
screen (figure 3-6).
Enter K at the command prompt to configure this feature, as shown in
figure 3-72, below.
Figure 3-72
Vipersat Management Security screen
Enter M at the command prompt to toggle between Enabled/Disabled.
Note that the feature must be set to Enabled in order to configure the encryption
key.
Enter K at the command prompt and Enter the required key (figure 3-73).
(Following entry, the characters will be temporarily displayed in the menu for
reference purposes.)
Figure 3-73
Encryption Key Entry prompt
Enter V at the command prompt and re-enter the same key to Verify it.
(Following entry, the characters will be temporarily displayed in the menu for
reference purposes.)
Enter G at the command prompt to execute the verification process and Gener-
ate the hex key.
The Future Key menu item will display Valid to indicate successful verification
of the key and that it is ready for activation.
Enter A at the command prompt to Activate the key for current use.
The Current Key menu item will display Valid to indicate successful activation.
3-54 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
Primary Heart Beat
This menu item appears for the Hub modem only.
The Primary Heart Beat feature is a redundancy heart beat message for
primary Hub units that provides the option for a periodic communications check
message to be sent from the Hub modem to the VMS for backup recovery in
N:M redundancy (protected) configurations. The message interval is hard-coded
in the modem.
Enter P at the command prompt in the Vipersat Configuration screen
(figure 3-6) to toggle this feature between Enabled and Disabled.
Home State Revert
This menu item appears for the Remote modem only.
The Home State Revert feature allows automatic resource recovery to be
performed on SCPC connections when a communications failure occurs
between the VMS and a Remote, such as a rain fade condition, a Remote unit
power down, or a hardware failure. The period of time (in minutes) for a failure
is configured in the VMS for each Remote in the network. Should communications be lost for more than the specified time period, the Remote will automatically revert to its Home State settings and the VMS will remove all allocated
resources (bandwidth, demod(s)), freeing them for use by any other Remote in
the Vipersat network.
Because this feature is configured in the VMS, the status (Disabled, or the Time
Period in minutes) appears as an information-only display in the Vipersat
Configuration menu (figure 3-6).
Dynamic Power Control Configuration
Dynamic Power Control (DPC) is a Vipersat feature that acts to regulate the
transmit power of the Vipersat satellite modem, such that the specified receive
signal level (Eb/No) is met for the receiving Vipersat units in the group. DPC is
driven by the receiver demod, which notifies the transmitting modem of the
current Eb/No value.
Refer to Appendix C, “Dynamic Power Control,” in this document for additional information on the DPC feature.
The Dynamic Power Control Configuration screen (enter C in the Vipersat
Configuration menu) allows for setting the parameters for the CDM-570/570L
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-55
Vipersat Configuration
NOTE
power levels. The information and commands in the menu will vary depending
on the function that the target CDM-570/570L performs in the network. The
screen shown in figure 3-74 is for a Hub or Remote operating in STDMA mode.
For comparison, the DPC Config screen for a unit operating as a Hub or Remote
with Expansion (SCPC mode) is shown in figure 3-75. Note that only the applicable settings appear in this screen.
Figure 3-74
Figure 3-75
Note: The following descriptions will refer to the CDM-570/570L as either
modulator or demodulator for simplicity and understanding.
DPC Configuration screen (STDMA mode)
DPC Configuration screen (SCPC mode)
Before enabling DPC, the operator should verify that a demodulator at another
terminal is receiving from this modulator, and that there is a working communications channel from that receiving station back to the modulator terminal
(inband communications). Additionally, since DPC controls potentially the full
power range of the modulator’s output power, it is recommended that the terminal be commissioned and calibrated before usage.
Tip: The DPC feature will not function unless the Outbound IP address is
defined in the STDMA screen for the Hub BC modem.
3-56 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
DPC Enabled
The DPC Enabled command (enter E) is a toggle that allows the DPC feature
to be either Enabled or Disabled. The CDM-570/570L is shipped with the DPC
Enabled menu item turned off (Disabled) to allow entrance link levels calibration during terminal setup.
Max Power
The commissioning of a satellite terminal must comply with the calculated link
budget that is conducted before terminal installation. Using these calculations,
the maximum transmit power level permitted for all SCPC modulator(s) based
on link/satellite parameters can be configured. This is the value displayed as the
Max Power in the DPC Configuration menu. The Calculate Max Power
command is used to set this value, as described in the following section.
Max Power initially displays as INVALID until the DPC operating parameters
are defined and the Calculate command is executed from the Calculate Max
Power screen. The calculation should return a modulator output value that falls
within equipment limits. However, if the calculator returns an error
[INVALID], one of the following has occurred:
• The base level is too high.
• The operating parameter settings have exceeded the capacity of the
equipment.
• The uplink variables for the entrance link cabling attenuation and the High
Power Amplifier gain are not balanced.
Calculate Max Power
Enter M at the command prompt in the DPC Configuration screen to access the
Calculate Max Power screen (figure 3-76).
Figure 3-76
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-57
Calculate Max Power screen
Vipersat Configuration
Calibrated Data Rate
This menu item is for information only and displays the Calibrated Data Rate
in kbps for the target CDM-570/570L. This value is pulled from the Home
State, and is the base value data rate from initial configuration and commissioning.
There is a proportional relationship between data rate and power level; as the
data rate increases, there is a corresponding increase in transmit power level,
and vice versa.
Nominal Power Level
This menu item is for information only and displays the Nominal Power Level
in dB for the modulator. This value is pulled from the Home State and will vary
as the data rate varies.
DPC Margin
The DPC Margin setting governs the upper power limit for all combinations of
waveforms given.
Enter M at the command prompt to set the DPC Margin.
Max Data Rate
The Max Data Rate setting corresponds to the highest achievable data rate that
was determined by the site link budget calculation.
Enter D at the command prompt to set this value.
Max Code Rate
The Max Code Rate setting corresponds to the highest achievable code rate
that was determined by the site link budget calculation.
Enter C at the command prompt to set this value.
Max Modulation
The Max Modulation setting corresponds to the highest achievable modulation
that was determined by the site link budget calculation.
Enter O at the command prompt to set this value.
Max FEC Type
The Max FEC Type setting corresponds to the highest achievable FEC type
that was determined by the site link budget calculation. Only the Turbo setting
3-58 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
is recommended; although DPC will function using Viterbi, this type requires
significantly more power to operate and is not recommended.
Enter F at the command prompt to set this parameter.
Calculate Max Power
Once all of the Max Power parameters have been set, enter A at the command
prompt to execute the maximum power calculation for this site.
Max Power
This menu item is information only and displays the result of the last calculation
that was performed for the maximum achievable power level. During network
operations, this level will only be reached when the environmental conditions
are at diminished capacities (e.g., rain fade) and all of the DPC power parameters have reached their maximums.
Target EbNo
The Target EbNo is the desired operating receive level for closed loop servo
control. This is the value used by the receiving CDM-570/570L for comparison
with the actual received E
terminal for output power level adjustment as necessary.
. This information is sent back to the transmitting
b/N0
Enter T at the command prompt in the DPC Configuration screen to display
the Target EbNo dialog shown in figure 3-77. The default value for this parameter is 10 dB.
Figure 3-77
Target EbNo prompt
Speed Up EbNo
Normally, the DPC message is sent every 60 seconds from each terminal in the
network. If the received E
Up EbNo set value, the corresponding terminal increases its message send rate
to every 15 seconds until the receive level is greater than the set value. This
provides a loop speed up to rapidly regain link quality.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-59
level at the demodulator drops below the Speed
b/N0
Vipersat Configuration
Enter Q at the command prompt in the DPC Configuration screen to display
the Speed Up EbNo dialog shown in figure 3-78. The default value for this
parameter is 5 dB.
Figure 3-78
Speed Up EbNo prompt
Target DPC Address
The Target DPC Address identifies the modem that is transmitting to this
CDM-570/570L, and will be receiving the DPC messages that provide the
current Eb/No value for this CDM-570/570L. Typically, all Remotes will specify the Hub modem that is supplying the TDM outbound. The Outbound IP
address is sent out to all STDMA Remotes via the Burst Map, and the DPC
Target for these Remotes is automatically mapped to that address.
The Target DPC Address command is used only for modems that are Out-ofBand and will be utilizing the DPC feature. For In-Band modems, the target
addresses are handled automatically by the VMS.
To manually configure the target address for an Out-of-Band modem, enter 1 at
the command prompt. The Target DPC Address dialog shown in figure 3-79
will appear.
Figure 3-79
Target DPC Address prompt
The STDMA Burst Controller is not permitted to specify a DPC Target because
the demodulator is receiving multiple bursts very rapidly from all Remotes in
the group and is unable to utilize DPC to control the transmit power of the
Remote modems. However, the transmit power of the Burst Controller adjusts
to meet the target EbNo values for the Remotes in the group. These Remotes
and their status and EbNo values are displayed in the Vipersat Summary screen,
DPC details (see “Vipersat Summary” on page 3-67).
3-60 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
BaseLine Power
The BaseLine Power is an information only display, and is a function of the
power given to the modem by the VMS for the last switch command based on
link budget calculations. At boot up and prior to receiving a switch command,
this value will match the Nominal Power Level (Home State value). The given
modem power is the sum of the BaseLine Power and either the DPC Offset or
the SOTM Offset.
In SOTM mode, the BaseLine Power value is based on the modem being at the
center of the satellite beam.
DPC Offset
The DPC Offset is an information only display, and is a power value shared
between STDMA Power Hunt (when in STDMA mode) and DPC (when in
dSCPC mode with DPC enabled). For DPC, the offset is the power adjustment
made to account for changes in the environment (rain fade) or other factors in
order to maintain link connectivity. The resultant modem power is the sum of
the DPC Offset and the BaseLine Power.
SOTM Offset
The SOTM Offset is an information only display, and is only applied when
SOTM is enabled.
This value is a power adjustment received from the ROSS based on the current
location of the modem within the satellite footprint. This offset accounts for the
variation of power as the modem moves away from the center of the satellite
beam. The resultant modem power is the sum of the SOTM Offset and the BaseLine Power.
Margin
This menu item is information only and displays the value of the DPC Margin
that was set from the Calculate Max Power screen. The margin governs the
upper power limit for all combinations of waveforms given.
Set Home State Parameters
A CDM-570/570L’s Home State consists of those parameters which provide a
known RF configuration that the CDM-570/570L will return to, either as the
result of a command by the VMS, or as it comes back on line from a reset or a
power cycle. These Home State settings are typically selected so that the
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-61
Vipersat Configuration
CDM-570/570L goes to a configuration which is optimum for its function in the
network.
Enter H at the command prompt in the Vipersat Configuration screen to
display the Home State Configuration screen shown in figure 3-80.
Note that each of these Transmit and Receive parameters are the same as found
in the Tx Configuration and the Rx Configuration screens that are in the
Satellite Modem Configuration menu.
Figure 3-80
Home State Configuration screen
Set Current Configuration as Home State
This command sets the CDM-570/570L’s current configuration as its Home
State settings. Assuming the modem has been properly configured using the
Satellite Modem Configuration menu (Tx and Rx parameters) and the
Feature Configuration menu (Vipersat STDMA setting), these parameter
values will be copied into the Home State configuration. Rather than entering
each of these values individually, this command can be used as a shortcut for
establishing the Home State settings.
Enter W at the command prompt in the Home State Configuration screen to
execute this command. Once saved, the modem will be configured with the
Home State settings at boot time and when manually reset with the Force
Modem to Home State command.
Tip: This command is useful when a CDM-570/570L’s initial set up is
completed and the unit is functioning as desired in a network.
3-62 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Vipersat Configuration
Force Modem to Home State
If at any time it is desired to have a CDM-570/570L return to its Home State,
this command (enter Y) can be executed. The Home State parameter values are
“forced” into the Base Modem configuration so that they match. The Base
Modem parameters will be updated to reflect the configuration that has been set
from this menu.
A warning message is displayed as shown in figure 3-81, requiring the
command to be confirmed before it is executed.
Figure 3-81
Force Modem to Home State warning
STDMA State
This command (enter T) toggles the setting of STDMA in the target CDM-570/
570L’s Home State between Enabled and Disabled. This is the same feature
that is set from the Feature Configuration menu screen shown in figure 3-4.
Transmit Frequency
Enter A at the command prompt to use the dialog shown in figure 3-82 to set the
Transmit Frequency for the target CDM-570/570L’s Home State.
Figure 3-82
Note that this screen dialog example displays the frequency range for the CDM570L L-Band modem. For the CDM-570, the range displayed will be either 50
to 90 MHz or 100 to 180 MHz.
Transmit Frequency prompt
Transmit Data Rate
Enter B at the command prompt to use the dialog shown in figure 3-83 to set the
Transmit Data Rate for the target CDM-570/570L’s Home State.
Chapter 3 - Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) 3-63
Vipersat Configuration
Figure 3-83
Transmit Data Rate prompt
Note that the valid range for this parameter will vary depending on the Modulation Type, Coding Rate, and FAST feature Data Rate.
Transmit FEC Type
Enter C at the command prompt to use the dialog shown in Figure 3-84 to enter
the FEC Coding Type for the CDM-570/570L’s Home State. Turbo must be
selected when operating in Vipersat mode.
Figure 3-84
Transmit FEC Type prompt
Transmit Coding Rate
Enter D at the command prompt to use the dialog shown in figure 3-85 to set the
Transmit Coding Rate for the target CDM-570/570L’s Home State.
Note that Coding Rates 3 (1/2), 4 (2/3), and 8 (1/1) are not valid selections when
operating in Vipersat mode with Turbo Product Coding.
Figure 3-85
3-64 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
Transmit Coding Rate prompt
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