How it Works
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SG200-26
Administration Manual
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Quick Start Manual
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Quick Start Manual
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Cisco SF200-24, SF200-24P, SF200-48, SF200-48P, SG200-18 Administration Manual

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Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide Release 1.1
10/100 Switches SF200-24, SF200-24P, SF200-48, SF200-48P Gigabit Switches SG200-18, SG200-26, SG200-26P, SG200-50, SG200-50P
ADMINISTRATION
GUIDE
Contents
Chapter 1: Getting Started 1
Starting the Web-based Switch Configuration Utility 1
Launching the Configuration Utility 1
Logging In 2
Password Expiration 5
Logging Out 5
Quick Start Switch Configuration 6
Window Navigation 7
Application Header 7
Management Buttons 9
Chapter 2: Viewing Statistics 12
Viewing Ethernet Interface 12
Viewing Etherlike Statistics 15
Viewing 802.1X EAP Statistics 17
Managing RMON Statistics 18
Viewing RMON Statistics 19
Configuring RMON History 21
Viewing the RMON History Table 23
Defining RMON Events Control 25
Viewing the RMON Events Logs 27
Defining RMON Alarms 28
Chapter 3: Managing System Logs 31
Setting System Log Settings 31
Setting Remote Logging Settings 34
Viewing Memory Logs 36
RAM Memory 36
Flash Memory 38
Contents
Chapter 4: Managing System Files 39
Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language 42
Downloading or Backing-up a Configuration or Log 45
Displaying Configuration File Properties 49
Copying Configuration Files 50
Setting DHCP Auto Configuration 52
Chapter 5: System Time 55
System Time Options 56
Configuring System Time 57
Adding an SNTP Server 59
Defining SNTP Authentication 63
Chapter 6: General Administrative Information and Operations 66
System Information 67
Displaying the System Summary 67
Configuring the System Settings 69
Switch Models 70
Rebooting the Switch 71
Monitoring the Fan Status 73
Defining Idle Session Timeout 74
Pinging a Host 75
Chapter 7: Configuring Discovery 77
Configuring Bonjour Discovery 77
Configuring LLDP 78
Setting LLDP Properties 80
Editing LLDP Port Settings 81
LLDP MED Protocol 85
Setting LLDP MED Network Policy 85
Configuring LLDP MED Port Settings 88
Displaying LLDP Port Status 90
Displaying LLDP Local Information 92
Displaying LLDP Neighbors Information 96
Accessing LLDP Statistics 101
LLDP Overloading 102
Contents
Chapter 8: Port Management 106
Configuring Ports 106
Port Management Workflow 106
Setting the Basic Port Configuration 107
Configuring Link Aggregation 111
Static and Dynamic LAG Workflow 112
Defining LAG Management 113
Defining Member Ports in a LAG 114
Configuring LAG Settings 115
Configuring LACP 117
Setting Port LACP Parameter Settings 118
Green Ethernet 120
Setting Global Green Ethernet Properties 121
Setting Green Ethernet Properties for Ports 123
Chapter 9: Managing Device Diagnostics 125
Testing Copper Ports 125
Displaying Optical Module Status 129
Configuring Port and VLAN Mirroring 131
Viewing CPU Utilization 134
Chapter 10: Managing Power-over-Ethernet Devices 135
PoE on the Switch 135
PoE Features 135
PoE Operation 136
PoE Configuration Considerations 136
Contents
Configuring PoE Properties 137
Configuring the PoE Power, Priority, and Class 139
Chapter 11: VLAN Management 143
VLANs 143
Configuring Default VLAN Settings 145
Creating VLANs 147
Configuring VLAN Interface Settings 150
Defining VLAN Membership 153
Configuring Port to VLAN 154
Configuring VLAN to Port 155
Viewing VLAN Membership 158
Voice VLAN 159
Voice VLAN Options 160
Configuring Voice VLAN Properties 161
Configuring Telephony OUI 163
Chapter 12: Configuring the Spanning Tree Protocol 165
STP Flavors 165
Configuring STP Status and Global Settings 166
Defining Spanning Tree Interface Settings 169
Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Settings 172
Chapter 13: Managing MAC Address Tables 176
Configuring Static MAC Addresses 176
Dynamic MAC Addresses 178
Configuring Dynamic MAC Address Parameters 179
Querying Dynamic Addresses 179
Chapter 14: Configuring Multicast Forwarding 182
Multicast Forwarding 182
Typical Multicast Setup 183
Multicast Operation 183
Multicast Registration 184
Multicast Address Properties 185
Contents
Defining Multicast Properties 185
Adding MAC Group Address 188
Adding IP Multicast Group Address 192
Configuring IGMP Snooping 195
Configuring MLD Snooping 199
Viewing GMP/MLD IP Multicast GroupsI 202
Defining Multicast Router Ports 203
Defining Forward All Multicast 205
Defining Unregistered Multicast Settings 207
Chapter 15: Configuring IP Information 210
Management and IP Interfaces 210
IP Addressing 212
Defining an IPv4 Interface 213
Defining IPv6 Global Configuration 215
Defining an IPv6 Interface 216
Defining IPv6 Addresses 218
Viewing the IPv6 Default Router List 220
Configuring IPv6 Tunnels 223
Defining IPv6 Neighbors Information 225
Viewing IPv6 Route Tables 229
Configuring ARP 230
Domain Name Systems 233
Defining DNS Servers 233
Mapping DNS Hosts 235
Contents
Chapter 16: Configuring Security 238
Defining Users 240
Setting User Accounts 240
Setting Password Complexity Rules 242
Configuring RADIUS Parameters 244
Configuring Management Access Authentication 248
Defining Access Profiles 250
Displaying, Adding, or Activating an Access Profile 251
Defining Profile Rules 254
Configuring TCP/UDP Services 257
Defining Storm Control 259
Configuring Port Security 262
Configuring 802.1X 265
802.1X Parameters Workflow 266
Defining 802.1X Properties 267
Defining 802.1X Port Authentication 268
Defining Host and Session Authentication 271
Viewing Authenticated Hosts 274
Chapter 17: Configuring Quality of Service 275
QoS Features and Components 275
Configuring QoS 277
Displaying QoS Properties 277
Defining QoS InterfaceSettings 279
Configuring QoS Queues 281
Mapping CoS/802.1p to a Queue 283
Mapping DSCP to Queue 285
Configuring Bandwidth 286
Configuring Egress Shaping per Queue 288
Managing QoS Statistics 290
Viewing Queues Statistics 290
Getting Started
This section provides an introduction to the user interface, and includes the following topics:
• Starting the Web-based Switch Configuration Utility
• Quick Start Switch Configuration
• Window Navigation
1
Starting the Web-based Switch Configuration Utility
This section describes how to navigate the web-based switch configuration utility.
If you are using a pop-up blocker, make sure it is disabled.
Browser Restrictions
Browsers have the following restrictions:
• If you are using Internet Explorer 6, you cannot directly use an IPv6 address
to access the switch. You can, however, use the DNS (Domain Name System) server to create a domain name that contains the IPv6 address, and then use that domain name in the address bar in place of the IPv6 address.
• In Firefox, the automatic pop-up on top option is disabled by default. Certain
add-ons enable this feature during installation. To disable this option, go to ToolsOptionsContentEnable JavaScriptAdvance.
• If you have multiple IPv6 interfaces on your management station, use the
IPv6 global address instead of IPv6 link local address to access the switch from your browser.
Getting Started
Starting the Web-based Switch Configuration Utility
Launching the Configuration Utility
To open the user interface:
STEP 1 Open a Web browser.
STEP 2 Enter the IP address of the switch you are configuring in the address bar on the
browser, and then press Enter. The
NOTE When the switch is using the factory default IP address of 192.168.1.254, its power
LED flashes continuously. When the switch is using a DHCP assigned IP address or an administrator-configured static IP address, the power LED is on solid.
Logging In
1
Login
page opens.
Logging In
The default username is cisco and the default password is cisco. The first time that you log in with the default username and password, you are required to enter a new password.
To log in to the device configuration utility:
STEP 1 Enter the username/password. The password can contain up to 64 ASCII
characters. Password-complexity rules are described in the Setting Password
Complexity Rules section of the Configuring Security chapter.
STEP 2 If you are not using English, select the desired language from the Language drop-
down menu. To add a new language to the switch or update a current one, refer to the Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language section.
STEP 3 If this is the first time that you logged on with the default user ID (cisco) and the
default password (cisco) or your password has expired, the Page opens. See Password Expiration for additional information.
STEP 4 Choose whether to select Disable Password Complexity Enforcement or not.
For more information on password complexity, see the Setting Password Complexity Rules section.
Change Password
STEP 5 Enter the new password and click Apply.
When the login attempt is successful, the Getting Started page opens.
Getting Started
!
Starting the Web-based Switch Configuration Utility
If you entered an incorrect username or password, an error message is displayed and the Login page remains displayed on the window. If you are having problems logging in, please see the Launching the Configuration Utility section in the Administration Guide for additional information.
1
Select Don’t show this page on startup to prevent the being displayed each time that you logon to the system. If you select this option, the System Summary page is opened instead of the Getting Started page.
Getting Started
page from
Password Expiration
Password Expiration
The New Password page is displayed:
• The first time you access the switch with the default username cisco and
password cisco. This page forces you to replace the factory default password.
• When the password expires, this page forces you to select a new
password.
Logging Out
Logging Out
By default, the application logs out after ten minutes of inactivity. You can change this default value as described in the Defining Idle Session Timeout section in the
General Administrative Information and Operations chapter.
CAUTION Unless the Running Configuration is copied to the Startup Configuration, all
changes made since the last time the file was saved are lost if the switch is rebooted. Save the Running Configuration to the Startup Configuration before logging off to preserve any changes you made during this session.
A flashing red X icon displayed to the left of the Save application link indicates that Running Configuration changes have been made that have not yet been saved to the Startup Configuration file. The flashing can be disabled by clicking on the Disable Save Icon Blinking button on the Copy/Save Configuration page
When the switch auto-discovers a device, such as an IP phone, it configures the
Getting Started
Quick Start Switch Configuration
port appropriately for the device. These configuration commands are written to the Running Configuration file. This causes the Save icon to begin blinking when the user logs on even though the user did not make any configuration changes.
When you click Save, the Copy/Save Configuration page is displayed. Save the Running Configuration file by copying it to the Startup Configuration file. After this save, the red X icon and the Save application link are no longer displayed.
To logout, click Logout in the top right corner of any page. The system logs out of the switch.
When a timeout occurs or you intentionally log out of the system, a message is displayed and the state. After you log in, the application returns to the initial page.
The initial page displayed depends on the “Do not show this page on startup” option in the Getting Started page. If you did not select this option, the initial page is the Getting Started page. If you did select this option, the initial page is the System Summary page.
Login
1
page opens, with a message indicating the logged-out
Quick Start Switch Configuration
To simplify switch configuration through quick navigation, the Getting Started page provides links to the most commonly used pages.
Links on the Getting Started page
Category Link Name (on the Page) Linked Page
Initial Setup Change Device IP Address
Create VLAN
Configure Port Settings
Device Status
System Summary
Port Statistics
RMON Statistics
IPv4 Interface
Create VLAN
Port Setting
System Summary
interface
Statistics
page
page
page
page
page
page
Getting Started
Quick Start Switch Configuration
Links on the Getting Started page (Continued)
Category Link Name (on the Page) Linked Page
1
View Log
Quick Access
There are two hot links on the Getting Started page that take you to Cisco web pages for more information. Clicking on the Support link takes you to the switch product support page, and clicking on the Forums link takes you to the Small Business Support Community page.
Change Device Password
Upgrade Device Software
Backup Device Configuration
Configure QoS
Configure Port Mirroring
RAM Memory
User Accounts
Upgrade/Backup Firmware/ Language
Download/Backup Configuration/Log
QoS Properties
Port and VLAN Mirroring
page
page
page
page
page
page
Getting Started
Window Navigation
Window Navigation
This section describes the features of the web-based switch configuration utility.
Application Header
Application Header
The Application Header is displayed on every page. It provides the following application links:
Application Links
1
Application Link Name
Username Displays the name of the user logged on to the switch. The
Language Menu Select a language or load a new language file into the
Description
A flashing red X icon displayed to the left of the Save application link indicates that Running Configuration changes have been made that have not yet been saved to the Startup Configuration file. The flashing of the red X can be disabled on the Copy/Save Configuration page.
Click Save to display the Copy/Save Configuration page. Save the Running Configuration file type by copying it to the Startup Configuration file type on the switch. After this save, the red X icon and the Save application link are no longer displayed. When the switch is rebooted, it copies the Startup Configuration file type to the Running Configuration and sets the switch parameters according to the data in the Running Configuration.
default username is cisco. (The default password is cisco.)
switch. If the language required is displayed in the menu, select it. If it is not displayed, select Download Language. For more information about adding a new language, refer to the Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language.
Logout Click to logout of the web-based switch configuration
utility.
Getting Started
Window Navigation
1
Application Links (Continued)
Application Link Name
About Click to display the switch name and switch version
Help Click to display the online help.
Description
number.
The SYSLOG Alert Status icon is displayed when a SYSLOG message, above the critical severity level, is logged. Click the icon to open the RAM Memory page. After you access this page, the SYSLOG Alert Status icon is no longer displayed. To display the page when there is not an active SYSLOG message, follow the Status and
Statistics > View Log > RAM Memory page path.
Management Buttons
Management Buttons
The following table describes the commonly-used buttons that appear on various pages in the system.
Management Buttons
Button Name Description
The Administrator can use the pull-down menu to configure how many entries per page they wish to see at a time.
Indicates a mandatory field.
Add Click to display the related Add page and add an entry to a
table. Enter the information and click Apply to save it to the Running Configuration. Click Close to return to the main page. Click Save to display the Copy/Save Configuration page and save the Running Configuration to the Startup Configuration file type on the switch.
Getting Started
Window Navigation
1
Management Buttons (Continued)
Button Name Description
Apply Click to apply changes to the Running Configuration on the
switch. If the switch is rebooted, the Running Configuration is lost, unless it is saved to the Startup Configuration file type or another file type. Click Save to display the Copy/ Save Configuration page and save the Running Configuration to the Startup Configuration file type on the switch.
Cancel Click to reset changes made on the page.
Clear All Interfaces Counters
Clear Interface Counters
Clear Logs Clears log files.
Clear Table Clears table entries.
Close Returns to main page. If there are changes that were not
Copy Settings A table typically contains one or more entries containing
Click to clear the statistic counters for all interfaces.
Click to clear the statistic counters for the selected interface.
applied to the Running Configuration, a message is displayed.
configuration settings. Instead of modifying each entry individually, it is possible to modify one entry and then copy it to multiple entries, as described below:
1. Select the entry to be copied. Click Copy Settings to display the popup.
2. Enter the destination entry numbers in the to field.
Delete Select the entry in the table to be deleted and click Delete
Details Click to display the details associated with the entry
3. Click Apply to save the changes and click Close to return to the main page.
to remove entries from a table. The entry is deleted.
selected on the main page.
Getting Started
Window Navigation
1
Management Buttons (Continued)
Button Name Description
Edit Select the entry and click Edit to open the entries for
editing. The Edit page opens, and the entry can be modified.
1. C li ck Apply to save the changes to the Running Configuration.
2. Click Close to return to the main page.
Go Enter the query filtering criteria and click Go. The results
are displayed on the page.
Te st Click Te s t to perform the related tests.
Viewing Statistics
This section describes how to view switch statistics.
It contains the following sections:
• Viewing Ethernet Interface
• Viewing Etherlike Statistics
• Viewing 802.1X EAP Statistics
2
• Managing RMON
Viewing Ethernet Interface
The Interface page displays traffic statistics per port. The refresh rate of the information can be selected.
This page is useful for analyzing the amount of traffic that is both sent and received and its dispersion (Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast).
To display Ethernet statistics:
STEP 1 Click Status and Statistics > Interface. The Interface page opens.
STEP 2 Enter the parameters.
• Interface—Select the type of interface and specific interface for which
Ethernet statistics are to be displayed.
• Refresh Rate—Select the time period that passes before the interface
Ethernet statistics are refreshed. The available options are:
- No Refresh—Statistics are not refreshed.
- 15 Sec—Statistics are refreshed every 15 seconds.
- 30 Sec—Statistics are refreshed every 30 seconds.
Viewing Statistics
Viewing Etherlike Statistics
2
- 60 Sec—Statistics are refreshed every 60 seconds.
The Receive Statistics area displays information about incoming packets.
• Tot al By t es (O c te ts )—Octets received, including bad packets and FCS
octets, but excluding framing bits.
• Unicast Packets—Good Unicast packets received.
• Multicast Packets—Good Multicast packets received.
• Broadcast Packets—Good Broadcast packets received.
• Packets with Errors—Packets with errors received.
The Transmit Statistics area displays information about outgoing packets.
• Tot al By t es (O c te ts )—Octets transmitted, including bad packets and FCS
octets, but excluding framing bits.
• Unicast Packets—Good Unicast packets transmitted.
• Multicast Packets—Good Multicast packets transmitted.
• Broadcast Packets—Good Broadcast packets transmitted.
To clear statistics counters:
• Click Clear Interface Counters to clear counters for the interface displayed.
• Click Clear All Interface Counters to clear counters for all interfaces.
Viewing Etherlike Statistics
The Etherlike page displays statistics per port according to the Etherlike MIB standard definition. The refresh rate of the information can be selected. This page provides more detailed information regarding errors in the physical layer (Layer 1), which might disrupt traffic.
To view Etherlike Statistics:
STEP 1 Click Status and Statistics > Etherlike. The Etherlike page opens.
STEP 2 Enter the parameters.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 10
Viewing Statistics
Viewing Etherlike Statistics
2
• Interface—Select the type of interface and specific interface for which
Ethernet statistics are to be displayed.
• Refresh Rate—Select the amount of time that passes before the Etherlike
statistics are refreshed.
The fields are displayed for the selected interface.
• Frame Check Sequence (FCS) Errors—Received frames that failed the
CRC (cyclic redundancy checks).
• Single Collision Frames—The number of frames involved in a single
collision, but were successfully transmitted.
• Late Collisions—Collisions that have been detected after the first 512 bits
of data.
• Excessive Collisions—Number of transmissions due to excessive collisions.
• Oversize Packets—Packets greater than 1518 octets received.
• Internal MAC Receive Errors—Frames rejected because of receiver errors.
• Pause Frames Received—Received flow control pause frames.
• Pause Frames Transmitted—Flow control pause frames transmitted from
the selected interface.
To clear statistics counters:
• Click Clear Interface Counters to clear the selected interface’s Etherlike
statistics counters.
• Click Clear All Interface Counters to clear the Etherlike statistics counters
of all interfaces.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 11
Viewing Statistics
Viewing 802.1X EAP Statistics
Viewing 802.1X EAP Statistics
The 802.1x EAP page displays detailed information regarding the EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) frames that were sent or received. To configure the
802.1X feature, see the 802.1X Properties page.
To v i ew t h e E A P S t a t is ti c s :
2
STEP 1 Click Status and Statistics > 802.1X EAP. The 802.1x EAP page
STEP 2 Select the Port that is polled for statistics.
STEP 3 Select the time period (Refresh Rate) that passes before the EAP statistics are
refreshed.
The values are displayed for the selected interface.
• EAPOL Frames Received—Valid EAPOL frames received on the port.
• EAPOL Frames Transmitted—Valid EAPOL frames transmitted by the port.
• EAPOL Start Frames Received—EAPOL Start frames received on the port.
• EAPOL Logoff Frames Received—EAPOL Logoff frames received on the
port.
• EAP Response/ID Frames Received—EAP Resp/ID frames received on the
port.
• EAP Response Frames Received—EAP Response frames received by the
port (other than Resp/ID frames).
• EAP Request/ID Frames Transmitted—EAP Req/ID frames transmitted by
the port.
opens.
• EAP Request Frames Transmitted—EAP Request frames transmitted by
the port.
• Invalid EAPOL Frames Received—Unrecognized EAPOL frames received
on this port.
• EAP Length Error Frames Received—EAPOL frames with an invalid Packet
Body Length received on this port.
• Last EAPOL Frame Version—Protocol version number attached to the most
recently received EAPOL frame.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 12
Viewing Statistics
Managing RMON
To clear the counters for a specified interface, click Clear Interface Counters. To clear the counters for all interfaces, click Clear All Interface Counters.
Managing RMON
RMON (Remote Networking Monitoring) enables the switch to proactively monitor traffic statistics over a given period.
With this feature, you can view statistics (counter values) as they are currently, meaning since the last time they were cleared.
2
• Last EAPOL Frame Source—Source MAC address attached to the most
recently received EAPOL frame.
Viewing RMON Statistics
The Statistics page displays detailed information regarding packet sizes and some information regarding physical layer errors. The information shown is according to the RMON standard. An oversized packet is defined as an Ethernet frame with the following criteria:
• Packet length is greater than MRU byte size
• Collision event has not been detected
• Late collision event has not been detected
• Rx error event has not been detected
• Packet has a valid CRC
To view the RMON statistics:
STEP 1 Click RMON > Statistics. The Statistics page opens.
STEP 2 Select the Interface for which Ethernet statistics are to be displayed.
STEP 3 Select the Refresh Rate, the time period that passes before the interface
statistics are refreshed.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 13
Viewing Statistics
Managing RMON
2
The statistics are displayed for the selected interface.
• Bytes Received (Octets)—Number of octets received, including bad
packets and FCS octets, but excluding framing bits.
• Drop Events—Number of packets that were dropped.
• Packets Received—Number of good packets received, including Multicast
and Broadcast packets.
• Broadcast Packets Received—Number of good Broadcast packets
received. This number does not include Multicast packets.
• Multicast Packets Received—Number of good Multicast packets received.
• CRC & Align Errors—Number of CRC and Align errors that have occurred.
• Undersize Packets—Number of undersized packets (less than 64 octets)
received.
• Oversize Packets—Number of oversized packets (over 1518 octets)
received.
• Fragments—Number of fragments (packets with less than 64 octets,
excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) received.
• Jabbers—Total number received packets that were longer than 1632
octets. This number excludes frame bits, but includes FCS octets that had either a bad FCS (Frame Check Sequence) with an integral number of octets (FCS Error) or a bad FCS with a non-integral octet (Alignment Error) number. A Jabber packet is defined as an Ethernet frame that satisfies the following criteria:
- Packet data length is greater than MRU
- Packet has an invalid CRC
- Rx Error Event has not been detected
• Collisions—Number of collisions received. If Jumbo Frames are enabled,
the threshold of Jabber Frames is raised to the maximum size of Jumbo Frames.
• Frames of 64 Bytes—Number of frames, containing 64 bytes that were
received.
• Frames of 65 to 127 Bytes—Number of frames, containing 65-127 bytes
that were received.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 14
Viewing Statistics
Managing RMON
STEP 4 Select another interface in the Interface field. The RMON statistics are displayed.
2
• Frames of 128 to 255 Bytes—Number of frames, containing 128-255 bytes
that were received.
• Frames of 256 to 511 Bytes—Number of frames, containing 256-511 bytes
that were received.
• Frames of 512 to 1023 Bytes—Number of frames, containing 512-1023
bytes that were received.
• Frames greater than 1024 Bytes—Number of frames, containing 1024-
1632 bytes, and Jumbo Frames, that were received.
To reset the counters, click Clear Interface Counters, or Clear All Interfaces Counters
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 15
Managing System Logs
This section describes the System Log feature, which enables the switch to keep several independent logs. Each log is a set of messages recording system events.
The switch generates the following local logs:
• Log sent to the console interface
• Log written into a cyclical list of logged events in RAM and is erased when
the switch reboots.
3
• Log written to a cyclical log-file saved to Flash memory and persists across
reboots.
In addition, you can send messages to remote SYSLOG servers in the form of SYSLOG messages.
This section contains the following sections:
• Setting System Log Settings
• Setting Remote Logging Settings
• Viewing Memory Logs
Setting System Log Settings
You can enable or disable logging on the Log Settings page, and select whether to aggregate log messages.
Severity Levels
You can select the events by severity level. Each log message has a severity level marked with the first letter of the severity level concatenated with a dash (-) on each side (except for Emergency that is indicated by the letter F). For example, the log message "%INIT-I-InitCompleted: … " has a severity level of I, meaning Informational.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 16
Managing System Logs
Setting System Log Settings
3
The event severity levels are listed from the highest severity to the lowest severity, as follows:
• Emergency—System is not usable.
• Alert—Action is needed.
• Critical—System is in a critical condition.
• Error—System is in error condition.
• Warning—System warning has occurred.
• Notice—System is functioning properly, but a system notice has occurred.
• Informational—Device information.
• Debug—Provides detailed information about an event.
You can select different severity levels for RAM and Flash logs. These logs are displayed in the RAM Memory page and Flash Memory page, respectively.
Selecting a severity level to be stored in a log causes all of the higher severity events to be automatically stored in the log. Lower severity events are not stored in the log.
For example, if Warning is selected, all severity levels that are Warning and higher are stored in the log (Emergency, Alert, Critical, Error, and Warning). No events with severity level below Warning are stored (Notice, Informational, and Debug).
To set global log parameters:
STEP 1 Click Administration > System Log > Logs Settings. The Log Settings page
opens.
STEP 2 Enter the parameters.
• Logging—Select to enable message logging.
• Syslog Aggregation—Select to enable the aggregation of SYSLOG
messages and traps. If enabled, identical and contiguous SYSLOG messages and traps are aggregated over an interval of time and sent in a single message. The aggregated messages are sent in the order of their arrival. Each message states the number of times it has been aggregated.
• Max Aggregation Time—Enter the interval of time that SYSLOG messages
are aggregated.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 17
Managing System Logs
Setting Remote Logging Settings
• RAM Memory Logging—Select the severity levels of the messages to be
logged to RAM.
• Flash Memory Logging—Select the severity levels of the messages to be
logged to Flash memory.
STEP 3 Click Apply. The Running Configuration file is updated.
Setting Remote Logging Settings
The
Remote Log Servers
log messages are sent (using the SYSLOG protocol). For each server, you can configure the severity of the messages that it receives.
page enables defining remote SYSLOG servers where
3
To d e fi n e S Y S L O G s e r ve rs :
STEP 1 Click Administration > System Log > Remote Log Servers. The
Servers
This page displays the list of remote log servers.
STEP 2 Click Add. The
STEP 3 Enter the parameters.
page opens.
Add Remote Log Server
• Server Definition—Select whether to specify the remote log server by IP
address or name.
• IP Version—Select the supported IP format.
• IPv6 Address Type—Select the IPv6 address type (if IPv6 is used). The
options are:
- Link Local—The IPv6 address uniquely identifies hosts on a single
network link. A link local address has a prefix of FE80, is not routable, and can be used for communication only on the local network. Only one link local address is supported. If a link local address exists on the interface, this entry replaces the address in the configuration.
page opens.
Remote Log
- Global—The IPv6 address is a global Unicast IPV6 type that is visible and
• Link Local Interface—Select the link local interface (if IPv6 Address Type
Link Local is selected) from the list.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 18
reachable from other networks.
Managing System Logs
Viewing Memor y Logs
3
• Log Server IP Address/Name—Enter the IP address or domain name of the
log server.
• UDP Port—Enter the UDP port to which the log messages are sent.
• Facility—Select a facility value from which system logs are sent to the
remote server. Only one facility value can be assigned to a server. If a second facility code is assigned, the first facility value is overridden.
• Description—Enter a server description.
• Minimum Severity—Select the minimum level of system log messages to
be sent to the server.
STEP 4 Click Apply. The Add Remote Log Server page
added, and the Running Configuration file is updated.
Viewing Memory Logs
The switch can write to the following logs:
• Log in RAM (cleared during reboot).
• Log in Flash memory (cleared only upon user command).
You can configure the messages that are written to each log by severity, and a message can go to more than one log, including logs that reside on external SYSLOG servers.
RAM Memory
RAM Memory
closes, the SYSLOG server is
The RAM Memory page saved in RAM (cache). Entries are stored in the RAM log according to the configuration in the Log Settings page.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 19
displays all messages, in chronological order, that were
Managing System Logs
Viewing Memor y Logs
3
To view log entries, click Status and Statistics > View Log > RAM Memory. The
RAM Memory page
The top of the page has a button that allows you to Disable Alert Icon Blinking. Click to toggle between disable and enable.
This page displays the following fields:
• Log Index—Log entry number.
• Log Time—Time when message was generated.
• Severity—Event severity.
• Description—Message text describing the event.
To clear the log messages, click Clear Logs. The messages are cleared.
opens.
Flash Memory
Flash Memory
The Flash Memory page memory, in chronological order. The minimum severity for logging is configured in the Log Settings page. Flash logs remain when the switch is rebooted. You can clear the logs manually.
To view the Flash logs click Status and Statistics > View Log > Flash Memory. The
Flash Memory
This page displays the following fields:
• Log Index—Log entry number.
• Log Time—Time when message was generated.
• Severity—Event severity.
• Description—Message text describing the event.
To clear the messages, click Clear Logs. The messages are cleared.
page opens.
displays the messages that were stored in Flash
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 20
Managing System Files
You can choose the firmware file from which the switch boots. You can also copy file types internally on the switch, or to or from an external device, such as a PC.
The methods of file transfer are:
• Internal copy.
• HTTP that uses the facilities that the browser provides.
4
• TFTP client, requiring a TFTP server.
Configuration files on the switch are defined by their type, and contain the settings and parameter values for the device. When a configuration is referenced on the switch, it is referenced by its configuration file type, as opposed to a file name that can be modified by the user. Content can be copied from one file type to another, but the names of the file types cannot be changed by the user. Other files on the device include firmware, boot code, and log files, and are referred to as operational files.
The configuration files are text files and can be edited by a user in a text editor, such as Notepad after they are copied to an external device, such as a PC.
Files and File Types
The following types of configuration and operational files are found on the switch:
• Running Configuration—Parameters that are currently used by the switch
to operate. It is the only file type that is modified by you when the parameter values are changed by using one of the configuration interfaces, and must be manually saved to be preserved.
If the switch is rebooted, the Running Configuration is lost. When the switch is rebooted, this file type is copied from the Startup Configuration stored in Flash to the Running Configuration stored in RAM.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 21
Managing System Files
4
To preserve any changes made to the switch, you must save the Running Configuration to the Startup Configuration, or another file type if you do not want the switch to reboot with this configuration. If you have saved the Running Configuration to the Startup Configuration, when the switch is rebooted, it recreates a Running Configuration that includes the changes you have made since the last time the Running Configuration was saved to the Startup Configuration.
• Startup Configuration—The parameter values that were saved by you by
copying another configuration (usually the Running Configuration) to the Startup Configuration.
The Startup Configuration is retained in Flash and is preserved any time the switch is rebooted. When it is rebooted, the Startup Configuration is copied to RAM and identified as the Running Configuration.
• Backup Configuration—A manual copy of the parameter definitions for
protection against system shutdown or for the maintenance of a specific operating state. You can copy the Mirror Configuration, Startup Configuration, or Running Configuration to a Backup Configuration file. The Backup Configuration exists in Flash and is preserved if the device is rebooted.
• Mirror Configuration—A copy of the Startup Configuration, created by the
switch after:
- The switch has been operating continuously for 24 hours.
- No configuration changes have been made to the Running Configuration
in the previous 24 hours.
- The Startup Configuration is identical to the Running configuration.
Only the system can copy the Startup Configuration to the Mirror Configuration. However, you can copy from the Mirror Configuration to other file types or to another device.
If the switch is rebooted, the Mirror Configuration is reset to the factory default parameters. In all other aspects, the Mirror Configuration behaves the same as a Backup Configuration, providing a copy of the parameter values that is preserved if the switch is rebooted.
• Firmware—The program that controls the operations and functionality of
the switch. More commonly referred to as the image.
• Boot Code—Controls the basic system startup and launches the firmware
image.
Cisco Small Business 200 1.1 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 22
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