Cisco 7971G-GE, 7970G User Manual

Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970G/7971G-GE Administration Guide for Cisco Unified Communications Manager 7.0 (SCCP

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Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970G/7971G-GE Administration Guide for Cisco Unified Communications Manager 7.0

Preface xi

Overview xi

Audience xi

Organization xi

Preface

Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970G/7971G-GE Administration Guide for Cisco Unified Communications Manager 7.0 provides the information you need to understand, install, configure, manage, and

troubleshoot the phones in the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 series on a Voice-over-IP (VoIP) network.

Because of the complexity of a Unified Communications network, this guide does not provide complete and detailed information for procedures that you need to perform in Cisco Unified Communications Manager (formerly Cisco Unified CallManager) or other network devices. See the “Related

Documentation” section on page xii for a list of related documentation.

Audience

Network engineers, system administrators, or telecom engineers should review this guide to learn the steps required to properly set up the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series on the network.

The tasks described are administration-level tasks and are not intended for end-users of the phones. Many of the tasks involve configuring network settings and affect the phone’s ability to function in the network.

Because of the close interaction between the Cisco Unified IP Phone and Cisco Unified Communications Manager, many of the tasks in this manual require familiarity with Cisco Unified Communications Manager.

Organization

This manual is organized as follows:

Chapter 1, “An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone” Provides a conceptual overview and description of the

Cisco Unified IP Phone

Chapter 2, “Preparing to Install the Cisco Unified IP Phone on Your Network”

Chapter 3, “Setting Up the Cisco Unified IP Phone” Describes how to properly and safely install and configure the

Describes how the Cisco Unified IP Phone interacts with other key IP telephony components, and provides an overview of the tasks required prior to installation

Cisco Unified IP Phone on your network

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Chapter 4, “Configuring Settings on the Cisco Unified IP Phone”

Chapter 5, “Configuring Features, Templates, Services, and Users”

Chapter 6, “Customizing the Cisco Unified IP Phone” Explains how to customize phone ring sounds, background

Chapter 7, “Viewing Model Information, Status, and Statistics on the Cisco Unified IP Phone”

Chapter 8, “Monitoring the Cisco Unified IP Phone Remotely”

Chapter 9, “Troubleshooting and Maintenance” Provides tips for troubleshooting the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Appendix A, “Providing Information to Users Via a Website” Provides suggestions for setting up a website for providing

Appendix B, “Feature Support by Protocol for the Cisco Unified IP Phones 7970 Series”

Appendix C, “Supporting International Users” Provides information about setting up phones in non-English

Appendix D, “Technical Specifications” Provides technical specifications of the

Appendix E, “Basic Phone Administration Steps” Provides procedures for basic administration tasks such as

Describes how to configure network settings, verify status, and make global changes to the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Provides an overview of procedures for configuring telephony features, configuring directories, configuring phone button and softkey templates, setting up services, and adding users to Cisco Unified Communications Manager

images, and the phone idle display at your site

Explains how to view model information, status messages, network statistics, and firmware information from the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Describes the information that you can obtain from the phone’s web page, and how to use this information to remotely monitor the operation of a phone and to assist with troubleshooting

users with important information about their Cisco Unified IP Phones

Provides information about feature support for the Cisco Unified IP Phone using the SCCP or SIP protocol

environments

Cisco Unified IP Phone

adding a user and phone to Cisco Unified Communications Manager and then associating the user to the phone.

An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series are full-featured telephones that provide voice communication over an Internet Protocol (IP) network. They function much like digital business phones, allowing you to place and receive phone calls and to access features such as mute, hold, transfer, speed dial, call forward, and more. In addition, because Cisco Unified IP Phones are connected to your data network, they offer enhanced IP telephony features, including access to network information and services, and customizeable features and services. The phones also support security features that include file authentication, device authentication, signaling encryption, and media encryption.

The Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series provides a color touchscreen, support for up to eight line or speed dial numbers, context-sensitive online help for buttons and features, and a variety of other sophisticated functions.

The Cisco Unified IP Phone, like other network devices, must be configured and managed. These phones encodes G.711a, G.711µ, G.722, G.729a, G.729ab, iLBC, and decode G.711a, G.711µ, G722, iLBC, and G.729, G729a, G.729b, and G.729ab. These phones also support uncompressed wideband (16bits, 16kHz) audio.

This chapter includes the following topics:

• Understanding the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series, page 1-1

• What Networking Protocols Are Used?, page 1-3

• What Features are Supported on the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series?, page 1-7

• Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones, page 1-8

• Overview of Configuring and Installing Cisco Unified IP Phones, page 1-18

Caution Using a cell, mobile, or GSM phone, or two-way radio in close proximity to a Cisco Unified IP Phone

might cause interference. For more information, refer to the manufacturer documentation of the interfering device.

Understanding the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series

Figure 1-1 shows the main components of the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series.

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Understanding the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series

Figure 1-1 Cisco Unified IP Phone

16 17

Chapter 1 An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

1112131415

186428

1 Programmable buttons Depending on configuration, programmable buttons provide access to:

• Phone lines (line buttons)

• Speed-dial numbers (speed-dial buttons, including the BLF speed-dial feature)

• Web-based services (for example, a Personal Address Book button)

• Phone features (for example, a Privacy button)

Buttons illuminate to indicate status:

Green, steady—Active call

Green, flashing—Held call

Amber, steady—Privacy in use

Amber, flashing—Incoming call

Red, steady—Remote line in use (shared line or BLF status)

2 Footstand adjustment

Allows you to adjust the angle of the phone base.

button

3 Display button Awakens the touchscreen from sleep mode or disables it for cleaning.

No color—Ready for input

Green flashing—Disabled Green steady—Sleep mode

4 Messages button Auto-dials your voice message service (varies by service).

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What Networking Protocols Are Used?

5 Directories button Opens/closes the Directories menu. Use it to access call logs and directories.

6 Help

7 Settings button Opens/closes the Settings menu. Use it to change touchscreen and ring settings.

8 Services button Opens/closes the Services menu.

9 Volume button Controls the handset, headset, and speakerphone volume (off-hook) and the ringer volume

10 Speaker button Toggles the speakerphone on or off.

11 Mute button Toggles the Mute feature on or off.

12 Headset button Toggles the headset on or off.

13 Navigation button Allows you to scroll through menus and highlight items. When the phone is on-hook, displays

14 Keypad Allows you to dial phone numbers, enter letters, and choose menu items.

15 Softkey buttons Each activates a softkey option (displayed on your touchscreen).

button Activates the Help menu.

(on-hook).

phone numbers from your Placed Calls log.

16 Handset light strip Indicates an incoming call or new voice message.

17 Touchscreen Shows phone features.

What Networking Protocols Are Used?

Cisco Unified IP Phones support several industry-standard and Cisco networking protocols required for voice communication. Table 1 - 1 provides an overview of the networking protocols that the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series supports.

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What Networking Protocols Are Used?

Table 1-1 Supported Networking Protocols on the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Networking Protocol Purpose Usage Notes

Bootstrap Protocol (BootP) BootP enables a network device such as the

Cisco Unified IP Phone to discover certain startup information, such as its IP address.

Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

CDP is a device-discovery protocol that runs on all Cisco-manufactured equipment.

Using CDP, a device can advertise its existence to other devices and receive information about other devices in the network.

Cisco Peer-to-Peer Distribution Protocol (CPPDP)

CPPDP is a Cisco proprietary protocol used to form a-peer-to-peer hierarchy of devices. CPPDP is also used to copy firmware or other files from peer devices to neighboring devices.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

DHCP dynamically allocates and assigns an IP address to network devices.

DHCP enables you to connect an IP phone into the network and have the phone become operational without needing to manually assign an IP address or configure additional network parameters.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

HTTP is the standard way of transferring information and moving documents across the Internet and the web.

IEEE 802.1X The IEEE 802.1X standard defines a

client-server-based access control and authentication protocol that restricts unauthorized clients from connecting to a LAN through publicly accessible ports.

Until the client is authenticated, 802.1X access control allows only Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) traffic through the port to which the client is connected. After authentication is successful, normal traffic can pass through the port.

If you are using BootP to assign IP addresses to the Cisco Unified IP Phone, the BOOTP Server option shows “Yes” in the network configuration settings on the phone.

The Cisco Unified IP Phone uses CDP to communicate information such as auxiliary VLAN ID, per port power management details, and Quality of Service (QoS) configuration information with the Cisco Catalyst switch.

CPPDP is used by the Peer Firmware Sharing feature.

DHCP is enabled by default. If disabled, you must manually configure the IP address, subnet mask, gateway, and a TFTP server on each phone locally.

Cisco recommends that you use DHCP custom option 150. With this method, you configure the TFTP server IP address as the option value. For additional information about DHCP configurations, refer to the “Cisco TFTP” chapter in Cisco

Unified Communications Manager System Guide.

Cisco Unified IP Phones use HTTP for the XML services and for troubleshooting purposes.

The Cisco Unified IP Phone implements the IEEE 802.1X standard by providing support for the EAP-MD5 option for 802.1X authentication.

When 802.1X authentication is enabled on the phone, you should disable the PC port and voice VLAN. Refer to the “Supporting

802.1X Authentication on Cisco Unified IP Phones” section on page 1-16 for additional

information.

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What Networking Protocols Are Used?

Table 1-1 Supported Networking Protocols on the Cisco Unified IP Phone (continued)

Networking Protocol Purpose Usage Notes

Internet Protocol (IP) IP is a messaging protocol that addresses and

sends packets across the network.

To communicate using IP, network devices must have an assigned IP address, subnet, and gateway.

IP addresses, subnets, and gateways identifications are automatically assigned if you are using the Cisco Unified IP Phone with Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). If you are not using DHCP, you must manually assign these properties to each phone locally.

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)

Link Layer Discovery Protocol-Media Endpoint Devices (LLDP-MED)

Real-Time Control Protocol (RTCP)

Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP)

LLDP is a standardized network discovery protocol (similar to CDP) that is supported on some Cisco and third-party devices.

LLDP-MED is an extension of the LLDP standard developed for voice products.

RTCP works with Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) to provide QoS data (such as jitter, latency, and round trip delay) on RTP streams.

RTP is a standard protocol for transporting real-time data, such as interactive voice and video, over data networks.

The Cisco Unified IP Phone supports LLDP on the PC port.

The Cisco Unified IP Phone supports LLDP-MED on the SW port to communicate information such as:

• Voice VLAN configuration

• Device discovery

• Power management

• Inventory management

For more information about LLDP-MED support, see the LLDP-MED and Cisco Discovery Protocol white paper:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk652/tk70 1/technologies_white_paper0900aecd804cd4 6d.shtml

RTCP is disabled by default, but you can enable it on a per-phone basis using Cisco Unified Communications Manager. For more information, see the “Network Configuration”

section on page 4-25.

Cisco Unified IP Phones use the RTP protocol to send and receive real-time voice traffic from other phones and gateways.

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Table 1-1 Supported Networking Protocols on the Cisco Unified IP Phone (continued)

Networking Protocol Purpose Usage Notes

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)

SIP is the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard for multimedia conferencing over IP. SIP is an ASCII-based application-layer control protocol (defined in RFC 3261) that can be used to establish, maintain, and terminate calls between two or more endpoints.

Like other VoIP protocols, SIP is designed to address the functions of signaling and session management within a packet telephony network. Signaling allows call information to be carried across network boundaries. Session management provides the ability to control the attributes of an end-to-end call.

You can configure the Cisco Unified IP Phone to use either SIP or Skinny Client Control Protocol (SCCP).

Skinny Client Control Protocol (SCCP)

Session Description Protocol (SDP)

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Transport Layer Security (TLS)

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

SCCP includes a messaging set that allows communications between call control servers and endpoint clients such as IP Phones. SCCP is proprietary to Cisco Systems.

SDP is the portion of the SIP protocol that determines which parameters are available during a connection between two endpoints. Conferences are established using only the SDP capabilities that are supported by all endpoints in the conference.

TCP is a connection-oriented transport protocol.

TLS is a standard protocol for securing and authenticating communications.

TFTP allows you to transfer files over the network.

On the Cisco Unified IP Phone, TFTP enables you to obtain a configuration file specific to the phone type.

UDP is a connectionless messaging protocol for delivery of data packets.

Cisco Unified IP Phones use SCCP for call control. You can configure the Cisco Unified IP Phone to use either SCCP or Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).

SDP capabilities, such as codec types, DTMF detection, and comfort noise, are normally configured on a global basis by Cisco Unified Communications Manager or Media Gateway in operation. Some SIP endpoints may allow these parameters to be configured on the endpoint itself.

Cisco Unified IP Phones use TCP to connect to Cisco Unified Communications Manager and to access XML services.

When security is implemented, Cisco Unified IP Phones use the TLS protocol when securely registering with Cisco Unified Communications Manager.

TFTP requires a TFTP server in your network, which can be automatically identified from the DHCP server. If you want a phone to use a TFTP server other than the one specified by the DHCP server, you must manually assign TFTP server from the Network Configuration menu on the phone.

Cisco Unified IP Phones transmit and receive RTP streams, which utilize UDP.

1-6

Related Topics

• Understanding Interactions with Other Cisco Unified IP Communications Products, page 2-2

• Understanding the Phone Startup Process, page 2-7

• Network Configuration Menu, page 4-5

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Chapter 1 An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

What Features are Supported on the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series?

What Features are Supported on the Cisco Unified

IP Phone 7970 Series?

The Cisco Unified IP Phone functions much like a digital business phone, allowing you to place and receive telephone calls. In addition to traditional telephony features, the Cisco Unified IP Phone includes features that enable you to administer and monitor the phone as a network device.

This section includes the following topics:

• Feature Overview, page 1-7

• Configuring Telephony Features, page 1-8

• Configuring Network Parameters Using the Cisco Unified IP Phone, page 1-8

• Providing Users with Feature Information, page 1-8

Feature Overview

Cisco Unified IP Phones provide traditional telephony functionality, such as call forwarding and transferring, redialing, speed dialing, conference calling, and voice messaging system access. Cisco Unified IP phones also provide a variety of other features. For an overview of the telephony features that the Cisco Unified IP Phone supports, see the “Telephony Features Available for the Phone”

section on page 5-1.

As with other network devices, you must configure Cisco Unified IP Phones to prepare them to access Cisco Unified Communications Manager and the rest of the IP network. By using DHCP, you have fewer settings to configure on a phone, but if your network requires it, you can manually configure an IP address, TFTP server, subnet information, etc. For instructions on configuring the network settings on the Cisco Unified IP Phones, see Chapter 4, “Configuring Settings on the Cisco Unified IP Phone.”

The Cisco Unified IP Phone can interact with other services and devices on your IP network to provide enhanced functionality. For example, you can integrate the Cisco Unified IP Phones with the corporate Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 3 (LDAP3) standard directory to enable users to search for co-workers contact information directly from their IP phones. You can also use XML to enable users to access information such as weather, stocks, quote of the day, and other web-based information. For information about configuring such services, see the “Configuring Corporate Directories” section on

page 5-17 and the “Setting Up Services” section on page 5-20.

Finally, because the Cisco Unified IP Phone is a network device, you can obtain detailed status information from it directly. This information can assist you with troubleshooting any problems users might encounter when using their IP phones. See Chapter 7, “Viewing Model Information, Status, and

Statistics on the Cisco Unified IP Phone,” for more information.

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Related Topics

• Configuring Settings on the Cisco Unified IP Phone, page 4-1

• Configuring Features, Templates, Services, and Users, page 5-1

• Troubleshooting and Maintenance, page 9-1

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Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones

Configuring Telephony Features

You can modify certain settings for the Cisco Unified IP Phone from the Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration application. Use this web-based application to set up phone registration criteria and calling search spaces, to configure corporate directories and services, and to modify phone button templates, among other tasks. See the “Telephony Features Available for the Phone” section on page 5-1 and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration Guide for additional information.

For more information about the Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration application, refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager documentation, including Cisco Unified Communications Manager System Guide. You can also use the context-sensitive help available within the application for guidance.

You can access the complete Cisco Unified Communications Manager documentation suite at this location:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/voicesw/ps556/tsd_products_support_series_home.html

Configuring Network Parameters Using the Cisco Unified IP Phone

You can configure parameters such as DHCP, TFTP, and IP settings on the phone itself. You can also obtain statistics about a current call or firmware versions on the phone.

For more information about configuring features and viewing statistics from the phone, see Chapter 4,

“Configuring Settings on the Cisco Unified IP Phone,” and see Chapter 7, “Viewing Model Information, Status, and Statistics on the Cisco Unified IP Phone.”

Providing Users with Feature Information

If you are a system administrator, you are likely the primary source of information for Cisco Unified IP Phone users in your network or company. To ensure that you distribute the most current feature and procedural information, familiarize yourself with Cisco Unified IP Phone documentation. Make sure to visit the Cisco Unified IP Phone web site:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/phones/ps379/tsd_products_support_series_home.html

From this site, you can access various user guides, including wallet cards.

In addition to providing users with documentation, it is important to inform them about available Cisco Unified IP Phone features—including features specific to your company or network—and about how to access and customize those features, if appropriate.

For a summary of some of the key information that phone users need their system administrators to provide, see Appendix A, “Providing Information to Users Via a Website.”

Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones

Implementing security in the Cisco Unified Communications Manager system prevents identity theft of the phone and Cisco Unified Communications Manager server, prevents data tampering, and prevents call signaling and media stream tampering.

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To alleviate these threats, the Cisco Unified IP telephony network establishes and maintains authenticated and encrypted communication streams between a phone and the server, digitally signs files before they are transferred to a phone, and encrypts media streams and call signaling between Cisco Unified IP phones.

The Cisco Unified IP Phones Series use the Phone Security Profile, which defines whether the device is nonsecure, authenticated, or encrypted. For information on applying the security profile to the phone, refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security Guide.

If you configure security-related settings in Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration, the phone configuration file will contain sensitive information. To ensure the privacy of a configuration file, you must configure it for encryption. For detailed information, refer to the “Configuring Encrypted Phone Configuration Files” chapter in Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security Guide.

Table 1-2 shows where you can find additional information about security in this and other documents.

Table 1-2 Cisco Unified IP Phone and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security Topics

Topic Reference

Detailed explanation of security, including set up, configuration, and troubleshooting information for Cisco Unified Communications Manager and Cisco Unified IP Phones

Security features supported on the Cisco Unified IP Phone See the “Overview of Supported Security Features” section on

Restrictions regarding security features See the “Security Restrictions” section on page 1-17

Viewing a security profile name See the “Understanding Security Profiles” section on

Identifying phone calls for which security is implemented See the “Identifying Authenticated, Encrypted, and Protected

TLS connection See the “What Networking Protocols Are Used?” section on

Refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security

Guide

page 1-10

page 1-12

Phone Calls” section on page 1-13

page 1-3

See the “Understanding Phone Configuration Files” section on

page 2-6

Security and the phone startup process See the “Understanding the Phone Startup Process” section on

page 2-7

Security and phone configuration files See the “Understanding Phone Configuration Files” section on

page 2-6

Changing the TFTP Server 1 or TFTP Server 2 option on the phone when security is implemented

Understanding security icons in the Unified CM 1 through

See Table 4-2 in the “Network Configuration Menu” section

on page 4-5

See the “Unified CM Configuration” section on page 4-11 Unified CM 5 options in the Device Configuration Menu on the phone

Items on the Security Configuration menu that you access

See the “Security Configuration Menu” section on page 4-23 from the Device Configuration menu on the phone

Items on the Security Configuration menu that you access

See the “Security Configuration Menu” section on page 4-29 from the Settings menu on the phone

Unlocking the CTL file See the “CTL File Menu” section on page 4-30

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Table 1-2 Cisco Unified IP Phone and Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security Topics (continued)

Topic Reference

Disabling access to web pages for a phone See the “Disabling and Enabling Web Page Access” section on

page 8-3

Troubleshooting See the “Troubleshooting Cisco Unified IP Phone Security”

section on page 9-8

Refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security Guide, Troubleshooting chapter

Deleting the CTL file from the phone See the “Resetting or Restoring the Cisco Unified IP Phone”

section on page 9-13

Resetting or restoring the phone See the “Resetting or Restoring the Cisco Unified IP Phone”

section on page 9-13

802.1X Authentication for Cisco Unified IP Phones See these sections:

• “Supporting 802.1X Authentication on Cisco Unified IP

Phones” section on page 1-16

• “802.1X Authentication and Status” section on page 4-31

• “Troubleshooting Cisco Unified IP Phone Security”

Overview of Supported Security Features

Table 1-3 provides an overview of the security features that the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series

supports. For more information about these features and about Cisco Unified Communications Manager and Cisco Unified IP Phone security, refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security Guide.

For information about current security settings on a phone, look at the Security Configuration menus on the phone (choose Settings > Security Configuration and choose Settings > Device Configuration > Security Configuration). For more information, see Chapter 4, “Configuring Settings on the Cisco

Unified IP Phone.”

Note Most security features are available only if a certificate trust list (CTL) is installed on the phone. For

more information about the CTL, refer to “Configuring the Cisco CTL Client” chapter in the Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security Guide.

section on page 9-8

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Chapter 1 An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones

Table 1-3 Overview of Security Features

Feature Description

Image authentication Signed binary files (with the extension .sbn) prevent tampering with the firmware

image before it is loaded on a phone. Tampering with the image causes a phone to fail the authentication process and reject the new image.

Customer-site certificate installation Each Cisco Unified IP Phone requires a unique certificate for device

authentication. Phones include a manufacturing installed certificate (MIC), but for additional security, you can specify in Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration that a certificate be installed by using the CAPF (Certificate Authority Proxy Function). Alternatively, you can install an LSC from the Security Configuration menu on the phone. See the “Configuring Security on the Cisco

Unified IP Phone” section on page 3-12 for more information.

Device authentication Occurs between the Cisco Unified Communications Manager server and the phone

when each entity accepts the certificate of the other entity. Determines whether a secure connection between the phone and a Cisco Unified Communications Manager should occur, and, if necessary, creates a secure signaling path between the entities using TLS protocol. Cisco Unified Communications Manager does not register phones unless they can be authenticated by the Cisco Unified Communications Manager.

File authentication Validates digitally signed files that the phone downloads. The phone validates the

signature to make sure that file tampering did not occur after the file creation. Files that fail authentication are not written to Flash memory on the phone. The phone rejects such files without further processing.

Signaling Authentication Uses the TLS protocol to validate that no tampering has occurred to signaling

packets during transmission.

Manufacturing installed certificate Each Cisco Unified IP Phone contains a unique manufacturing installed certificate

(MIC), which is used for device authentication. The MIC is a permanent unique proof of identity for the phone, and allows Cisco Unified Communications Manager to authenticate the phone.

Secure SRST reference

(SCCP phones only)

Media encryption Uses SRTP to ensure that the media streams between supported devices proves

Signaling encryption

(SCCP phones only)

CAPF (Certificate Authority Proxy Function)

After you configure a SRST reference for security and then reset the dependent devices in Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration, the TFTP server adds the SRST certificate to the phone cnf.xml file and sends the file to the phone. A secure phone then uses a TLS connection to interact with the SRST-enabled router.

secure and that only the intended device receives and reads the data. Includes creating a media master key pair for the devices, delivering the keys to the devices, and securing the delivery of the keys while the keys are in transport.

Ensures that all SCCP signaling messages that are sent between the device and the Cisco Unified Communications Manager server are encrypted.

Implements parts of the certificate generation procedure that are too processing-intensive for the phone, and it interacts with the phone for key generation and certificate installation. The CAPF can be configured to request certificates from customer-specified certificate authorities on behalf of the phone, or it can be configured to generate certificates locally.

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Chapter 1 An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones

Table 1-3 Overview of Security Features (continued)

Feature Description

Security profiles Defines whether the phone is nonsecure, authenticated, encrypted, or protected.

See the “Understanding Security Profiles” section on page 1-12 for more information.

Encrypted configuration files Lets you ensure the privacy of phone configuration files.

Optional disabling of the web server functionality for a phone

Phone hardening Additional security options, which you control from

802.1X Authentication The Cisco Unified IP Phone can use 802.1X authentication to request and gain

You can prevent access to a phone’s web page, which displays a variety of operational statistics for the phone.

Cisco Unified Communications Manager Administration:

• Disabling PC port

• Disabling Gratuitous ARP (GARP)

• Disabling PC Voice VLAN access

• Disabling access to the Setting menus, or providing restricted access that

allows access to the User Preferences menu and saving volume changes only

• Disabling access to web pages for a phone.

Note You can view current settings for the PC Port Disabled, GARP Enabled,

and Voice VLAN enabled options by looking at the phone’s Security Configuration menu. For more information, see the “Device Configuration

Menu” section on page 4-10.

access to the network. See the “Supporting 802.1X Authentication on Cisco

Unified IP Phones” section on page 1-16 for more information.

Related Topics

• Understanding Security Profiles, page 1-12

• Identifying Authenticated, Encrypted, and Protected Phone Calls, page 1-13

• Establishing and Identifying Secure Conference Calls, page 1-14

• Device Configuration Menu, page 4-10

• Supporting 802.1X Authentication on Cisco Unified IP Phones, page 1-16

• Security Restrictions, page 1-17

Understanding Security Profiles

Cisco Unified IP Phones that support Cisco Unified Communications Manager 7.0 or later use a security profile, which defines whether the phone is nonsecure, authenticated, or encrypted. For information about configuring the security profile and applying the profile to the phone, refer to Cisco Unified Communications Manager Security Guide.

To view the security mode that is set for the phone, look at the Security Mode setting in the Security Configuration menu. For more information, see the “Security Configuration Menu” section on

page 4-23.

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Chapter 1 An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones

Related Topics

• Identifying Authenticated, Encrypted, and Protected Phone Calls, page 1-13

• Device Configuration Menu, page 4-10

• Security Restrictions, page 1-17

Identifying Authenticated, Encrypted, and Protected Phone Calls

When security is implemented for a phone, you can identify authenticated or encrypted phone calls by icons on the screen that is on the phone.You can also determine if the connected phone is secure and protected if a security tone plays at the beginning of the call.

In an authenticated call, all devices participating in the establishment of the call are authenticated by Cisco Unified Communications Manager. When a call in progress is authenticated, the call progress icon to the right of the call duration timer in the phone screen changes to this icon:

In an encrypted call, all devices participating in the establishment of the call are authenticated by the Cisco Unified Communications Manager. In addition, call signaling and media streams are encrypted. An encrypted call offers a high level of security, providing integrity and privacy to the call. When a call in progress is being encrypted, the call progress icon to the right of the call duration timer in the phone screen changes to this icon:

Note If the call is routed through non-IP call legs, for example, PSTN, the call may be nonsecure even though

it is encrypted within the IP network and has a lock icon associated with it.

In a protected call, a security tone plays at the beginning of a call to indicate that the other connected phone is also receiving and transmitting encrypted audio. If your call is connected to a non-protected phone, the security tone does not play.

Note Protected calling is supported for connections between two phones only. Some features, such as

conference calling, shared lines, Extension Mobility, and Join Across Lines are not available when protected calling is configured. Protected calls are not authenticated.

Establishing and Identifying Secure Conference Calls

You can initiate a secure conference call and monitor the security level of participants. A secure conference call is established using this process:

1. A user initiates the conference from a secure phone (encrypted or authenticated security mode).

2. Cisco Unified Communications Manager assigns a secure conference bridge to the call.

3. As participants are added, Cisco Unified Communications Manager verifies the security mode of

each phone (encrypted or authenticated) and maintains the secure level for the conference.

4. The phone displays the security level of the conference call. A secure conference displays

(

encrypted) or (authenticated) icon to the right of “Conference” on the phone screen. If icon

displays, the conference is not secure.

Note There are interactions, restrictions, and limitations that affect the security level of the conference call

depending on the security mode of the participant’s phones and the availability of secure conference bridges. See Tabl e 1 - 4 and Table 1- 5 for information about these interactions.

Chapter 1 An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Establishing and Identifying Protected Calls

A protected call is established when your phone, and the phone on the other end, is configured for protected calling. The other phone can be in the same Cisco Unified IP network, or on a network outside the IP network. Protected calls can only be made between two phones. Conference calls and other multiple-line calls are not supported.

A protected call is established using this process:

1. A user initiates the call from a protected phone (protected security mode).

2. The phone displays the icon (encrypted) on the phone screen. This icon indicates that the phone

is configured for secure (encrypted) calls, but this does not mean that the other connected phone is also protected.

3. A security tone plays if the call is connected to another protected phone, indicating that both ends

of the conversation are encrypted and protected. If the call is connected to a non-protected phone, then the secure tone is not played.

Note Protected calling is supported for conversations between two phones. Some features, such as conference

calling, shared lines, Extension Mobility, and Join Across Lines are not available when protected calling is configured.

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Chapter 1 An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones

Call Security Interactions and Restrictions

Cisco Unified Communications Manager checks the phone security status when conferences are established and changes the security indication for the conference or blocks the completion of the call to maintain integrity and also security in the system. Table 1-4 provides information about changes to call security levels when using Barge.

Table 1-4 Call Security Interactions When Using Barge

Initiator’s Phone Security Level Feature Used Call Security Level Results of Action

Non-secure Barge Encrypted call Call barged and identified as non-secure call

Secure (encrypted) Barge Authenticated call Call barged and identified as authenticated call

Secure (authenticated) Barge Encrypted call Call barged and identified as authenticated call

Non-secure Barge Authenticated call Call barged and identified as non-secure call

Table 1-5 provides information about changes to conference security levels depending on the initiator’s

phone security level, the security levels of participants, and the availability of secure conference bridges.

Table 1-5 Security Restrictions with Conference Calls

Initiator’s Phone Security Level Feature Used Security Level of Participants Results of Action

Non-secure Conference Encrypted or authenticated Non-secure conference bridge

Non-secure conference

Secure (encrypted or authenticated)

Conference At least one member is

non-secure

Secure conference bridge

Non-secure conference

Secure (encrypted) Conference All participants are encrypted Secure conference bridge

Secure encrypted level conference

Secure (authenticated) Conference All participants are encrypted or

authenticated

Secure conference bridge

Secure authenticated level conference

Non-secure Conference Encrypted or authenticated Only secure conference bridge is available

and used

Non-secure conference

Secure (encrypted or authenticated)

Conference Encrypted or authenticated Only non-secure conference bridge is

available and used

Non-secure conference

Secure (encrypted or authenticated)

Conference Encrypted or secure Conference remains secure. When one

participant tries to hold the call with MOH, the MOH does not play.

Secure (encrypted) Join Encrypted or authenticated Secure conference bridge

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Conference remains secure (encrypted or authenticated)

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Chapter 1 An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones

Table 1-5 Security Restrictions with Conference Calls (continued)

Initiator’s Phone Security Level Feature Used Security Level of Participants Results of Action

Non-secure cBarge All participants are encrypted Secure conference bridge

Conference changes to non-secure

Non-secure MeetMe Minimum security level is

encrypted

Secure (encrypted) MeetMe Minimum security level is

authenticated

Secure (encrypted) MeetMe Minimum security level is

non-secure

Initiator receives message “Does not meet Security Level”, call rejected.

Secure conference bridge

Conference accepts encrypted and authenticated calls

Only secure conference bridge available and used

Conference accepts all calls

Supporting 802.1X Authentication on Cisco Unified IP Phones

Overview

These sections provide information about 802.1X support on the Cisco Unified IP Phones:

• Overview, page 1-16

• Required Network Components, page 1-16

• Best Practices—Requirements and Recommendations, page 1-17

Cisco Unified IP phones and Cisco Catalyst switches have traditionally used Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) to identify each other and to determine parameters such as VLAN allocation and inline power requirements. However, CDP is not used to identify any locally attached PCs. Therefore, Cisco Unified IP Phones provide an EAPOL pass-through mechanism, whereby a PC locally attached to the IP phone may pass through EAPOL messages to the 802.1X authenticator in the LAN switch. This capability prevents the IP phone from having to act as the authenticator, yet allows the LAN switch to authenticate a data end point prior to accessing the network.

In conjunction with the EAPOL pass-through mechanism, Cisco Unified IP Phones provide a proxy EAPOL-Logoff mechanism. If the locally attached PC is disconnected from the IP phone, the LAN switch would not see the physical link fail, because the link between the LAN switch and the IP phone is maintained. To avoid compromising network integrity, the IP phone sends an EAPOL-Logoff message to the switch on behalf of the downstream PC, which triggers the LAN switch to clear the authentication entry for the downstream PC.

The Cisco Unified IP phones contain an 802.1X supplicant in addition to the EAPOL pass-through mechanism. This supplicant allows network administrators to control the connectivity of IP phones to the LAN switch ports. The IP phone 802.1X supplicant implements the EAP-MD5 option for 802.1X authentication.

Required Network Components

Support for 802.1X authentication on Cisco Unified IP Phones requires several components, including:

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+ 189 hidden pages

Cisco 7971G-GE, 7970G User Manual

CONTENTS

Preface

An Overview of the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Understanding the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series

What Networking Protocols Are Used?

What Features are Supported on the Cisco Unified IP Phone 7970 Series?

Feature Overview

Understanding Security Features for Cisco Unified IP Phones

Configuring Telephony Features

Configuring Network Parameters Using the Cisco Unified IP Phone

Providing Users with Feature Information

Overview of Supported Security Features

Understanding Security Profiles

Identifying Authenticated, Encrypted, and Protected Phone Calls

Establishing and Identifying Secure Conference Calls

Establishing and Identifying Protected Calls

Call Security Interactions and Restrictions

Supporting 802.1X Authentication on Cisco Unified IP Phones

Overview

Required Network Components