Cirrus Logic CS44600 User Manual

Features

CS44600

6-Channel Digital Amplifier Controller

 > 100 dB Dynamic Range - System Level  < 0.03% THD+N @ 1 W - System Level  32 kHz to 192 kHz Sample Rates  Internal Oscillator Circuit Supports 24.576 MHz

to 54 MHz Crystals

 Integrated Sample Rate Converter (SRC)

– Eliminates Clock Jitter Effects – Input Sample Rate Independent Operation

 Power Supply Rejection Realtime Feedback  Spread Spectrum Modulation - Reduces EMI  PWM Popguard

for Single-Ended Mode

PS_SYNC

Control

Auto Fs

Detect

DAI

Serial

Port

PWM

Clock

Volume

/ Limiter

Volume

/ Limiter

SRC

Volume

/ Limiter

XTI

XTO

SYS_CLK

DAI_MCLK

DAI_SCLK

DAI_LRCK

DAI_SDIN1

DAI_SDIN2

DAI_SDIN3

XTAL

 Eliminates AM Frequency Interference  Programmable Load Compensation Filters  Support for up to 40 kHz Audio Bandwidth  Digital Volume Control with Soft Ramp

– +24 to -127 dB in 0.25 dB Steps

 Per Channel Programmable Peak Detect and

Limiter

 SPI™ and I²C  Separate 2.5 V to 5.0 V Serial Port and Host

Host Control Interfaces

Control Port Supplies

PSR_RESET PSR_EN PSR_MCLK PSR_SYNC PSR_DATA

PWMOUTA1+ PWMOUTA1PWMOUTB1+ PWMOUTB1-

PWMOUTA2+ PWMOUTA2PWMOUTB2+ PWMOUTB2-

PWMOUTA3+ PWMOUTA3PWMOUTB3+ PWMOUTB3-

Multibit

Σ∆

Modulator

Multibit

Σ∆

Modulator

Multibit

Σ∆

Modulator

Power

Supply

Rejection

PWM

Conversion

PWM

Conversion

PWM

Conversion

MUTE

SCL/CCLK

SDA/CDOUT

AD1/CDIN

AD0/CS

RST

INT

http://www.cirrus.com

SPI/I2C Host Control Port

PWM

Backend

Control/

Status

GPIO0 GPIO1 GPIO2 GPIO3 GPIO4 GPIO5 GPIO6

MARCH '06

DS633F1

CS44600

General Description

The CS44600 is a multi-channel digital-to-PWM Class D audio system controller including interpolation, sample rate conversion, half- and full-bridge PWM driver outputs, and power supply rejection feedback in a 64-pin LQFP package.The architecture uses a direct-to-digital approach that maintains digital signal integrity to the final output filter, minimizing analog interference effects which negatively affect system performance.

The CS44600 integrates on-chip digital volume control, peak detect with limiter, de-emphasis, and 7 GPIO’s, allowing easy interfacing to many commonly available power stages. The PWM amplifier can achieve greater than 90% efficiency. This efficiency provides for smalle r device package, less heat sink requirements, and smaller power supplies.

The CS44600 is ideal for audio systems requiring wide dynamic range, negligible distortion an d low noise, such as A/V receivers, DVD receivers, digital speaker and automotive audio systems.

2 DS633F1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS ...................................................................................... 8

SPECIFIED OPERATING CONDITIONS ..............................................................................................8

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ........................................................................................................ 8

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS .......................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... .............. 9

DIGITAL INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................................ 9

PWM OUTPUT PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................... 10

PWM FILTER CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................................... 11

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - XTI ............................................................................................ 11

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - SYS_CLK .................................................................................. 12

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - PWMOUTA1-B3 ....................................................................... 12

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - PS_SYNC ................................................................................. 12

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - DAI INTERFACE ...................................................................... 13

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - CONTROL PORT - I²C FORMAT ............................................. 14

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - CONTROL PORT - SPI FORMAT ............................................ 15

2. PIN DESCRIPTIONS ......................................................................................................................... 16

2.1 I/O Pin Characteristics ................................................................................................................ 19

3. TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAMS ......................................................................................20

4. APPLICATIONS ................................................................................................................................... 22

4.1 Overview ................................................................................................. ... ... .... ... ... ...................... 22

4.2 Feature Set Summary ................................................................................................................... 22

4.3 Clock Generation .... ................................................. ... ................................................ ................... 23

4.3.1 FsIn Domain Clocking .......................................................................................................... 24

4.3.2 FsOut Domain Clocking ........................... ... .... ... ... ................................................ .... ... ... ...... 24

4.4 FsIn Clock Domain Modules ......................................................................................................... 26

4.4.1 Digital Audio Input Port .. .... ................................................ ... ... .... ... ...................................... 26

4.4.2 Auto Rate Detect ............................................ ... ................................................................... 30

4.4.3 De-Emphasis ................. ................................................. ... ................................................... 30

4.5 FsOut Clock Domain Modules .......................................................................................................31

4.5.1 Sample Rate Converter .............. ... .... ... ... ... ................................................. ... ... ... .... ............ 31

4.5.2 Load Compensation Filter .................................................................................................... 31

4.5.3 Digital Volume and Mute Control .......................................... ... .... ... ... ... .... ............................31

4.5.4 Peak Detect / Limiter ............................................................................................................ 32

4.5.5 PWM Engines ....... ... ................................................ .... ... ... ... ................................................ 32

4.5.6 Interpolation Filter ....................................... .... ... ... ... ............................................................. 33

4.5.7 Quantizer ................. ... ................................................. ... ...................................................... 33

4.5.8 Modulator ................................................ ... .... ... ... ................................................ ................ 33

4.5.9 PWM Outputs ................................................. ... ... ... .... ... ... ................................................... 33

4.5.10 Power Supply Rejection (PSR) Real-Time Feedback ........................................................ 34

4.6 Control Port Description and Timing ...... .... ................................................................................... 35

4.6.1 SPI Mode ....... ................................................. ... ................................................ ... ................ 35

4.6.2 I²C Mode .. ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................ ... ................................................ 36

4.6.3 GPIOs ............................................ .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ............................................. ...................37

4.6.4 Host Interrupt ........................................ ... ... .............................................. ... ... ... ... ................ 37

5. POWER SUPPLY, GROUNDING, AND PCB LAYOUT ....................................................................... 38

5.1 Reset and Power-Up .....................................................................................................................41

5.1.1 PWM PopGuard® Transient Control .................................................................................... 41

5.1.2 Recommended Power-Up Sequence ................................................................................... 41

5.1.3 Recommended PSR Calibration Sequence .................. ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ...................... 42

5.1.4 Recommended Power-Down Sequence .............................................................................. 43

6. REGISTER QUICK REFERENCE ........................................................................................................ 44

7. REGISTER DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................. 48

7.1 Memory Address Pointer (MAP) .......................... ............................. ............................. ................ 48

CS44600

DS633F1 3

CS44600

7.1.1 Increment (INCR) ................................................................................................................. 48

7.1.2 Memory Address Pointer (MAPx) ......................................................................................... 48

7.2 CS44600 I.D. and Revision Register (address 01h) (Read Only) ................................................. 48

7.2.1 Chip I.D. (Chip_IDx) ............................................................................................................. 48

7.2.2 Chip Revision (Rev_IDx) ...................................................................................................... 49

7.3 Clock Configuration and Power Control (address 02h) ................................................................. 50

7.3.1 Enable SYS_CLK Output (EN_SYS_CLK) ........................................................................... 50

7.3.2 SYS_CLK Clock Divider Settings (SYS_CLK_DIV[1:0]) ....................................................... 50

7.3.3 PWM Master Clock Divider Settings (PWM_MCLK_DIV[1:0]) ............................................. 50

7.3.4 Power Down XTAL (PDN_XTAL) ......................................................................................... 50

7.3.5 Power Down Output Mode (PDN_OUTPUT_MODE) ..................... ................................... ... 51

7.3.6 Power Down (PDN) .............................................................................................................. 51

7.4 PWM Channel Power Down Control (address 03h) ...................................................................... 51

7.4.1 Power Down PWM Channels (PDN_PWMB3:PDN_PWMA1) ............................................. 51

7.5 Misc. Configuration (address 04h) ................................................................................................ 52

7.5.1 Digital Interface Format (DIFX) ....................... ... ... ... .... ... ................................................ ...... 52

7.5.2 AM Frequency Hopping (AM_FREQ_HOP) ......................................................................... 52

7.5.3 Freeze Controls (FREEZE) .................................................................................................. 52

7.5.4 De-Emphasis Control (DEM[1:0]) ......................................................................................... 53

7.6 Ramp Configuration (address 05h) ............................................................................................... 53

7.6.1 Ramp-Up/Down Setting (RAMP[1:0]) .................................................................................. 53

7.6.2 Ramp Speed (RAMP_SPD[1:0]) .......................... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... 53

7.7 Volume Control Configuration (address 06h) ............................................................. ... .... ... ... ... ... 54

7.7.1 Single Volume Control (SNGVOL) ....................................................................................... 54

7.7.2 Soft Ramp and Zero Cross Control (SZC[1:0]) .................. ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ......................... 54

7.7.3 Enable 50% Duty Cycle for Mute Condition (MUTE_50/50) ................................................. 54

7.7.4 Soft Ramp-Down on Interface Error (SRD_ERR) ............................. ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ... 55

7.7.5 Soft Ramp-Up on Recovered Interface Error (SRU_ERR) ................................................... 55

7.7.6 Auto-Mute (AMUTE) ............................................................................................................. 55

7.8 Master Volume Control - Integer (address 07h) ............................................................................ 56

7.8.1 Master Volume Control - Integer (MSTR_IVOL[7:0]) ............................................................ 56

7.9 Master Volume Control - Fraction (address 08h) .......................................................................... 56

7.9.1 Master Volume Control - Fraction (MSTR_FVOL[1:0]) ......................................................... 56

7.10 Channel XX Volume Control - Integer (addresses 09h - 0Eh) .................................................... 58

7.10.1 Channel Volume Control - Integer (CHXx_IVOL[7:0]) ..................... ................................... 58

7.11 Channel XX Volume Control1 - Fraction (address 11h) ............................................................ 58

7.12 Channel XX Volume Control2 - Fraction (address 12h) .............................................................. 58

7.12.1 Channel Volume Control - Fraction (CHXX_FVOL[1:0]) .................................................... 58

7.13 Channel Mute (address 13h) ....................................................................................................... 59

7.13.1 Independent Channel Mute (CHXX_MUTE) ....................................................................... 59

7.14 Channel Invert (address 14h) ...................... ....................................................... ......................... 59

7.14.1 Invert Signal Polarity (CHXX_INV) ......................................................... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... 59

7.15 Peak Limiter Control Register (address 15h) ............................................................................. 60

7.15.1 Peak Signal Limit All Channels (LIMIT_ALL) ...................................................................... 60

7.15.2 Peak Signal Limiter Enable (LIMIT_EN) .......... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ............ 60

7.16 Limiter Attack Rate (address 16h) .............................................................................................. 60

7.16.1 Attack Rate (ARATE[7:0]) .................................................................................................. 60

7.17 Limiter Release Rate (address 17h) ....................................................................................

7.17.1 Release Rate (RRATE[7:0]) ...............................................................................................61

7.18 Chnl XX Load Compensation Filter - Coarse Adjust (addresses 18h, 1Ah, 1Ch, 1Eh, 20h, 22h) .. 61

7.18.1 Channel Compensation Filter - Coarse Adjust (CHXX_CORS[5:0]) .................................. 61

7.19 Chnl XX Load Compensation Filter - Fine Adjust (addresses 19h, 1Bh, 1Dh, 1Fh, 21h, 23h) .... 62

7.19.1 Channel Compensation Filter - Fine Adjust (CHXX_FINE[5:0]) ......................................... 62

..... 61

4 DS633F1

CS44600

7.20 Interrupt Mode Control (address 28h) ......................................................................................... 62

7.20.1 Interrupt Pin Control (INT1/INT0) .......................................................................................62

7.20.2 Overflow Level/Edge Select (OVFL_L/E) ........................................................................... 63

7.21 Interrupt Mask (address 29h) ...................................................................................................... 63

7.22 Interrupt Status (address 2Ah) (Read Only) ...............................................................................63

7.22.1 SRC Unlock Interrupt (SRC_UNLOCK) ................. .... ... ................................................ ... ... 63

7.22.2 SRC Lock Interrupt (SRC_LOCK) ...................................................................................... 64

7.22.3 Ramp-Up Complete Interrupt (RMPUP_DONE) ................................................................. 64

7.22.4 Ramp-Down Complete Interrupt (RMPDN_DONE) ......................... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ......... 64

7.22.5 Mute Complete Interrupt (Mute_DONE) ............. ................................................................ 64

7.22.6 Channel Over Flow Interrupt (OVFL_INT) ....................................................................... ... 64

7.22.7 GPIO Interrupt Condition (GPIO_INT) ....................................................................... ... ......64

7.23 Channel Over Flow Status (address 2Bh) (Read Only) .............................................................. 65

7.23.1 ChXX_OVFL ....................................................................................................................... 65

7.24 GPIO Pin In/Out (address 2Ch) ................................................................................................... 65

7.24.1 GPIO In/Out Selection (GPIOX_I/O) .................................................................................. 65

7.25 GPIO Pin Polarity/Type (address 2Dh) .................................... ... ... ............................................. 65

7.25.1 GPIO Polarity/Type Selection (GPIOX_P/T) ...................................................................... 65

7.26 GPIO Pin Level/Edge Trigger (address 2Eh) .............................................................................. 66

7.26.1 GPIO Level/Edge Input Sensitive (GPIOX_L/E) ................................................................. 66

7.27 GPIO Status Register (address 2Fh) .......................................................................................... 66

7.27.1 GPIO Pin Status (GPIOX_STATUS) .................................................................................. 66

7.28 GPIO Interrupt Mask Register (address 30h) ........ ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ...................................... 67

7.28.1 GPIO Pin Interrupt Mask (M_GPIOX) ................................................................................. 67

7.29 PWM Configuration Register (address 31h) ...............................................................................67

7.29.1 Over Sample Rate Selection (OSRATE) ............................................................................ 67

7.29.2 Channels A1 and B1 Output Configuration (A1/B1_OUT_CNFG) .. ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... 67

7.29.3 Channels A2 and B2 Output Configuration (A2/B2_OUT_CNFG) .. ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... 67

7.29.4 Channel A3 Output Configuration (A3_OUT_CNFG) ......................................................... 68

7.29.5 Channel B3 Output Configuration (B3_OUT_CNFG) ......................................................... 68

7.30 PWM Minimum Pulse Width Register (address 32h) ................................................................. 68

7.30.1 Disable PWMOUTXX - Signal (DISABLE_PWMOUTXX-) ................................................. 68

7.30.2 Minimum PWM Output Pulse Settings (MIN_PULSE[4:0]) . ................................................ 68

7.31 PWMOUT Delay Register (address 33h) ................................................................................... 69

7.31.1 Differential Signal Delay (DIFF_DLY[2:0]) .......................... ....................................... ......... 69

7.31.2 Channel Delay Settings (CHNL_DLY[4:0]) ..................... ................................ ................... 69

7.32 PSR and Power Supply Configuration (address 34h) ................................................................. 70

7.32.1 Power Supply Rejection Enable (PSR_EN) ................................................. ... ... .... ... .........70

7.32.2 Power Supply Rejection Reset (PSR_RESET) .................................................................. 70

7.32.3 Power Supply Rejection Feedback Enable (FEEDBACK_EN) .................. ... ...... ....... ...... ... 71

7.32.4 Power Supply Sync Clock Divider Settings (PS_SYNC_DIV[2:0]) ............ .........................71

7.33 Decimator Shift/Scale (addresses 35h, 36h, 37h) ................. ...................................................... 71

7.33.1 Decimator Shift (DEC_SHIFT[2:0]) ..................................................................................... 71

7.33.2 Decimator Scale (DEC_SCALE[18:0]) ............................................................................... 71

7.34 Decimator Outd (addresses 3Bh, 3Ch, 3Dh) ............................................................................... 72

7.34.1 Decimator Outd (DEC_OUTD[23:0]) .................................................................................. 72

8. PARAMETER DEFINITIONS ................................................................................................................ 73

9. REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 75

10. PACKAGE DIMENSIONS ......................................................................................................... 76

11. THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................. ... ... ... ................................................. ... ... ...... 77

12. ORDERING INFORMATION . ... ... .... ... ................................................ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ................... 77

13. REVISION HISTORY .................................................................... ... ... ... ............................................. 77

DS633F1 5

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.Performance Characteristics Evaluation Active Filter Circuit ...................................................... 10

Figure 2.XTI Timings .......................................... .... ... ... ... .... ...................................................................... 11

Figure 3.SYS_CLK Timings ...................................................................................................................... 12

Figure 4.PWMOUTxx Timings ........... ................................................. ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ......................... 12

Figure 5.PS_SYNC Timings ...................... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ................................................................ 12

Figure 6.Serial Audio Interface Timing ... ... ... ... .................................................... ... ... .... ... ... ...................... 13

Figure 7.Serial Audio Interface Timing - TDM Mode ................................................................................. 13

Figure 8.Control Port Timing - I²C Format ........................................................................ ... ... ... .... ............ 14

Figure 9.Control Port Timing - SPI Format ............................. ... ... .... ... ... ... ................................................ 15

Figure 10.CS44600 Pinout Diagram ...................................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ............................ 16

Figure 11.Typical Full-Bridge Connection Diagram ............ ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ............................................. 20

Figure 12.Typical Half-Bridge Connection Diagram ..................................................................................21

Figure 13.CS44600 Data Flow Diagram (Single Channel Shown) ...........................................................23

Figure 14.Fundamental Mode Crystal Configuration .......... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ......................... 24

Figure 15.3rd Overtone Crystal Configuration .......................................................................................... 25

Figure 16.CS44600 Internal Clock Generation ......................................................................................... 25

Figure 17.I²S Serial Audio Formats ........................................................................................................... 27

Figure 18.Left-Justified Serial Audio Formats ........................................................................................... 27

Figure 19.Right-Justified Serial Audio Formats ......................................................................................... 28

Figure 20.One Line Mode #1 Serial Audio Format .................................................................................... 28

Figure 21.One Line Mode #2 Serial Audio Format .................................................................................... 29

Figure 22.TDM Mode Serial Audio Format ............ ... ................................................ .... ............................ 29

Figure 23.De-Emphasis Curve ............................................ ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ............................ 30

Figure 24.Control Port Timing in SPI Mode .............................................................................................. 35

Figure 25.Control Port Timing, I²C Slave Mode Write ...............................................................................36

Figure 26.Control Port Timing, I²C Slave Mode Read ............................................................................... 36

Figure 27.Recommended CS44600 Power Supply Decoupling Layout .................................................... 38

Figure 28.Recommended CS44600 Crystal Circuit Layout ...................................................................... 39

Figure 29.Recommended PSR Circuit Layout ....................................................... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ...... 40

Figure 30.PSR Calibration Sequence ....................................................................................................... 43

Figure 31.PWM Output Delay ................................................................................................................... 70

Figure 32.64-Pin LQFP Package Drawing ................................................................................................ 76

CS44600

6 DS633F1

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Common DAI_MCLK Frequencies .............................................................................................. 24

Table 2. DAI Serial Audio Port Channel Allocations ................................................................................. 26

Table 3. Load Compensation Example Settings ....................................................................................... 31

Table 4. Typical PWM Switch Rate Settings ............................................................................................. 33

Table 5. Digital Audio Interface Formats ................................................................................................... 52

Table 6. Master Integer Volume Settings .................................................................................................. 56

Table 7. Master Fractional Volume Settings ............................................................................................. 57

Table 8. Channel Integer Volume Settings ............................................................................................... 58

Table 9. Channel Fractional Volume Settings ........................................................................................... 59

Table 10. Limiter Attack Rate Settings ................................... ............................................. ...................... 61

Table 11. Limiter Release Rate Settings ................................................................................................... 61

Table 12. Channel Load Compensation Filter Coarse Adjust ................ ................................................... 62

Table 13. Channel Load Compensation Filter Fine Adjust ........................................................................62

Table 14. PWM Minimum Pulse Width Settings ........................ ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ......69

Table 15. Differential Signal Delay Settings .............................................................................................. 69

Table 16. Channel Delay Settings ................................ ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ............................ 69

Table 17. Power Supply Sync Clock Divider Settings ............................................................................... 71

Table 18. Decimator Shift/Scale Coefficient Calculation Examples .......................................................... 72

CS44600

DS633F1 7

CS44600

1. CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS

(All Min/Max characteristics and specifications are guaranteed over the Specified Operating Conditions. Typical performance characteristics and spe cif icat ion s ar e de riv e d from measurements taken at nominal supply voltages and T

= 25°C.)

SPECIFIED OPERATING CONDITIONS

(GND = 0 V, all voltages with respect to ground)

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units

DC Power Supply

Digital 2.5 V VD 2.37 2.5 2.63 V XTAL (Note 1) 2.5 V

3.3 V

5.0 V

PWM Interface 3.3 V

5.0 V

Serial Audio Interface 2.5 V

3.3 V

5.0 V

Control Interface 2.5 V

3.3 V

5.0 V

Ambient Operating Temperature

Commercial -CQZ Automotive -DQZ

VDX 2.37

3.14

4.75

VDP 3.14

4.75

VLS 2.37

3.14

4.75

VLC 2.37

3.14

4.75

-10

-40

2.5

3.3

5.0

3.3

5.0

2.5

3.3

5.0

2.5

3.3

5.0

2.63

3.47

5.25

3.47

5.25

2.63

3.47

5.25

2.63

3.47

5.25

+70 +85

V V V

V V

V V V

°C °C

Notes:

1. When using external crystal, VDX = 3.14 V(min). When using clock signal input, VDX = 2.37 V(min).

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

(GND = 0 V; all voltages with respect to ground.)

Parameters Symbol Min Max Units

DC Power Supply Digital

XTAL

PWM Interface

Serial Audio Interface

Control Interface Input Current (Note 2) I Digital Input Voltage PWM Interface

(Note 3) Serial Audio Interface

Control Interface Ambient Operating Temperature -CQ

(power applied) -DQ Storag e Temperature T

WARNING:Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device. Normal operation

is not guaranteed at these extremes.

2. Any pin except supplies. Transient currents of up to ±100 mA on the input pins will not cause SCR latch-up.

3. The maximum over/under voltage is limited by the input current.

VD VDX VDP

VLS

VLC

IND-PWM

IND-S

IND-C

stg

-0.3

-±10mA

-0.3

-20

-50

-65 +150 °C

3.5

6.0

VDP+0.4

VLS+0.4

VLC+0.4

+85 +95

V V V V V

V V V

°C °C

8 DS633F1

CS44600

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

(GND = 0 V, all voltages with respect to ground; DAI_MCLK = 12.288 MHz, XTAL = 24.576 MHz, PWM Switch Rate = 384 kHz unless otherwise specified.)

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units

Normal Operation (Note 4)

Power Supply Current (Note 5) VD = 2.5 V

VDX = 3.3 V

VDP = 3.3 V

VLS = 3.3 V

VLC = 3.3 V (Note 6)

I I I I

D DX DP

150

1.2 150 250

Power Dissipation VD=2.5 V, VDX = VDP = VLS = VLC = 3.3 V - 387 500 mW Power Supply Rejection Ratio (Note 7) (1 kHz)

(60 Hz)

PSRR -

Power-Down Mode (Note 8)

Power Supply Current All Supplies except VDX (Note 9) I

-80-µA

mA mA mA

µA µA

dB dB

4. Normal operation is defined as RST

= HI with a 997 Hz, 0 dBFS input.

5. Current consumption increas es with increasing XTAL clock rates and PWM switch rates. Variance between DAI clock rates is negligible.

6. I

measured with no external loading on the SDA pin.

7. Valid with PSRR function enabled and the recommended external ADC (CS4461) and filtering.

8. Power down mode is defined as RST

9. When RST

pin = LOW, the internal oscillator is active to provide a valid clock for the SYS_CLK output.

pin = LOW with all clock and data lines held static.

DIGITAL INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS

(GND = 0 V, all voltages with respect to ground)

Parameters (Note 10) Symbol Min Typ Max Units

High-Level Input Voltage XTAL

PWM Interface

Serial Audio Interface

Control Interface

Low-Level Input Voltage XTAL

PWM Interface

Serial Audio Interface

Control Interface

High-Level Output Voltage at I

= -2 mA PWM Interface

Serial Audio Interface

Control Interface

Low-Level Output Voltage at I

= 2 mA PWM Interface

Serial Audio Interface

Control Interface

Input Leakage Current I

0.7xVDX

0.7xVDP

0.7xVLS

0.7xVLC

VDP-1.0

VLS-1.0

VLC-1.0

--±10µA

Input Capacitance - - 8 pF

10. Serial Port signals include: SYS_CLK, DAI_MCLK, DAI_SCLK, DAI_LRCK, DAI_SDIN1-3 Control Port signals include: SCL/CCLK, SDA/CDOUT, AD0/CS

, AD1/CDIN, INT, RST, MUTE

PWM signals include: PWMOUTA1-B3, PSR_MCLK, PSR_SYNC, PSR_DATA, PS_SYNC, GPIO[6:0]

0.2xVDX

0.2xVDP

0.2xVLS

0.2xVLC

0.45

V V V V

V V V

DS633F1 9

CS44600

PWM OUTPUT PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

(Logic “0” = GND = 0 V; Logic “1” = VLS = VLC; VD = 2.5 V; DAI_MCLK = 12.288 MHz; XTAL= 24.576 MHz; PWM Switch Rate = 384 kHz; Fs = 32 kHz to 192 kHz; Measurement bandwidth is 10 Hz to 20 kHz unless otherwise specified; Performance measurements taken with a full-scale 997 Hz.)

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit

Dynamic Performance (Note 11)

24-Bits A-Weighted

unweighted

16-Bits unweighted

Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (Note 11)

24-Bits 0 dB

THD+N -

-20 dB

-60 dB Idle Channel Noise / Signal-to-Noise Ratio - 110 - dB Interchannel Isolation (1 kHz) - 100 - dB

11. Performance characteristics measured using filter shown in Figure 1.

102

108 105

-90

-77

-45

-85

dB dB dB

PWMOUTxx+

PWMOUTxx-

Figure 1. Performance Characteristics Evaluation Active Filter Circuit

Analog Output

10 DS633F1

CS44600

PWM FILTER CHARACTERISTICS

(Logic “0” = GND = 0 V; Logic “1” = VLS = VLC; VD = 2.5 V; DAI_MCLK = 12.288 MHz; XTAL = 24.576 MHz; PWM Switch Rate = 384 kHz; Fs = 32 kHz to 192 kHz; Measurement bandwidth is 10 Hz to 20 kHz unless otherwise specified.)

Parameter UnitMin Typ Max

Digital Filter Response (Note 12)

Passband OSRATE = 0b to -0.01 dB corner

to -3 dB corner

OSRATE = 1b (Note 13) to -0.01 dB corner

to -3 dB corner

Frequency Response OSRATE = 0b 10 Hz to 20 kHz OSRATE = 1b (Note 13) 10 Hz to 40 kHz

Group Delay (Note 14) ms De-emphasis Error Fs = 32 kHz

(Relative to 1 kHz) Fs = 44.1 kHz

Fs = 48 kHz

12. Filter response is not production tested but is characterized and guaranteed by design.

13. XTAL = 49.152 MHz; PWM Switch Rate = 768 kHz; Fs = 96 kHz to 192 kHz.

14. The equation for the group delay through the sample rate converter with OSRATE = 0b is (8.5 / Fsi) + (10 / Fso) ± (4.5 / Fsi). The equation for the group delay through the sample rate converter with OSRATE = 1b is (8.5 / Fsi) + (20 / Fso) ± (4.5 / Fsi).

0 0 0 0

-0.8

-1.2

1.6

24.0

3.3

44.5

+0.02 +0.02

±0.23 ±0.14 ±0.09

kHz kHz kHz kHz

dB dB

dB dB dB

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - XTI

(VD = 2.5 V, VDP = VLC = VLS = 3.3 V, VDX = 2.5 V to 5.0 V; Inputs: Logic 0 = GND, Logic 1 = VDX)

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit

XTI period t XTI high time t XTI low time t XTI Duty Cycle 45 50 55 % External Crystal operating frequency 24.576 --- 54 MHz

clki

clkih

clkil

XTI

clkih

Figure 2. XTI Timings

clki

clkil

18.518 --- 40.69 ns

8.34 --- 22.38 ns

DS633F1 11

CS44600

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - SYS_CLK

(VD = 2.5 V, VDP = VLC = VDX = 3.3 V, VLS = 2.5 V to 5.0 V, Cload = 50 pF)

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit

SYS_CLK Period t SYS_CLK Duty Cycle 45 50 55 %

sclki

18.518 --- --- ns

SYS_CLK

sclki

Figure 3. SYS_CLK Timings

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - PWMOUTA1-B3

(VD = 2.5 V, VLS = VLC = VDX = 3.3 V, VDP = 3.3 V to 5.0 V unless otherwise specified, Cload = 10 pF)

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit

PWMOUTxx Period t Rise Time of PWMOUTxx VDP = 5.0 V

VDP = 3.3 V

Fall Time of PWMOUTxx VDP = 5.0 V

VDP = 3.3 V

pwm

2.60 - 1.18 µs

1.6

2.1

1.1

1.4

ns ns

PWMOUTxx

pwm

Figure 4. PWMOUTxx Timings

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - PS_SYNC

(VD = 2.5 V, VLS = VLC = VDX = 3.3 V, VDP = 3.3 V to 5.0 V, Cload = 20 pF)

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit

PS_SYNC Period t PS_SYNC Duty Cycle 45 50 55 %

psclki

PS_SYNC

psclki

Figure 5. PS_SYNC Timings

592.576 --- --- ns

12 DS633F1

CS44600

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - DAI INTERFACE

(VD = 2.5 V, VDX = VDP = VLC = 3.3 V, VLS = 2.5 V to 5.0 V; Inputs: Logic 0 = GND, Logic 1 = VLS.)

Parameters Symbol Min Max Units

RST

pin Low Pulse Width (Note 15) 1-ms DAI_MCLK Duty Cycle (Note 16) 40 60 % DAI_SCLK Duty Cycle 45 55 % DAI_LRCK Duty Cycle 45 55 % DAI Sample Rate (Note 17) F DAI_SDIN Setup Time Before DAI_SCLK Rising Edge t DAI_SDIN Hold Time After DAI_SCLK Rising Edge t DAI_SCLK High Time t

sckh

DAI_SCLK Low Time t DAI_LRCK Setup Time Before DAI_SCLK Rising Edge t DAI_SCLK Rising Edge Before DAI_LRCK Edge t

lrckd

s ds dh

sckl

lrcks

32 192 kHz 10 - ns 10 - ns 20 - ns 20 - ns 25 - ns 25 - ns

15. After powering up, the CS44600, RST

should be held low until after the power supplies and clocks are set-

tled.

16. See Table 1 on page 26 for suggested MCLK frequencies.

17. Max DAI sample rate is 96 kHz for One Line and TDM modes of operation.

DAI_LRCK

DAI_SCLK

DAI_SDINx

lrckd

lrcks

sckh

sckl

Figure 6. Serial Audio Interface Timing Figure 7. Serial Audio Interface Timing - TDM Mode

DAI_LRCK

(input)

DAI_SCLK

(input)

DAI_SDIN1

lrcks

lrckd

lrcks

sckh

MSB MSB-1

sckl

DS633F1 13

CS44600

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - CONTROL PORT - I²C FORMAT

(VD = 2.5 V, VDX = VDP = VLS = 3.3 V; VLC = 2.5 V to 5.0 V; Inputs: Logic 0 = GND, Logic 1 = VLC, CL=30pF)

Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit

SCL Clock Frequency f Bus Free Time between Transmissions t Start Condition Hold Time (prior to first clock pulse) t Clock Low time t Clock High Time t Setup Time for Repeated Start Condition t SDA Hold Time from SCL Falling (Note 18) t SDA Setup time to SCL Rising t Rise Time of SCL and SDA t Fall Time SCL and SDA t Setup Time for Stop Condition t

susp

scl

buf

hdst

low high sust

hdd

sud

r f

- 100 kHz

4.7 - µs

4.0 - µs

4.7 - µs

4.0 - µs

4.7 - µs 10 - ns

250 - ns

-1000ns

-300ns

4.7 - µs

18. Data must be held for sufficient time to bridge the transition time, t

Repeated

Stop Start

Start

SDA

buf

hdst

high

SCL

low

hdd

Figure 8. Control Port Timing - I²C Format

sud

sust

, of SCL.

hdst

Stop

susp

14 DS633F1

CS44600

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - CONTROL PORT - SPI FORMAT

(VD = 2.5 V, VDP = VLS = 3.3 V; VLC = 2.5 V to 5.0 V; Inputs: Logic 0 = GND, Logic 1 = VLC, CL=30pF)

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units

CCLK Clock Frequency f CS

High Time between Transmissions t

Falling to CCLK Edge t CCLK Low Time t CCLK High Time t CDIN to CCLK Rising Setup Time t CCLK Rising to DATA Hold Time (Note 19) t CCLK Falling to CDOUT Stable t Rise Time of CDOUT t Fall Time of CDOUT t Rise Time of CCLK and CDIN (Note 20) t Fall Time of CCLK and CDIN (Note 20) t

sck

csh

css

scl sch dsu

r1 f1 r2 f2

19. Data must be held for sufficient time to bridge the transition time of CCLK.

20. For f

<1 MHz.

sck

0-6.0MHz

1.0 - - µs 20 - - ns 66 - - ns 66 - - ns 40 - - ns 15 - - ns

- - 50 ns

- - 25 ns

- - 100 ns

CCLK

CDIN

CDOUT

sch

dsu

scl

css

Figure 9. Control Port Timing - SPI Format

csh

DS633F1 15

2. PIN DESCRIPTIONS

CS44600

GND

PSR_EN

PS_SYNC

GND

XTI XTO VDX

SYS_CLK

DAI_MCLK

DAI_SCLK

DAI_LRCK

DAI_SDIN1 DAI_SDIN2 DAI_SDIN3

PWMOUTA1+

64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49

1 2 3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

VDP

PWMOUTA1-

PWMOUTB1+

PWMOUTB1-

GND

PWMOUTA2+

CS44600

VDP

PWMOUTA2-

PWMOUTB2+

GND

PWMOUTB2-

PSR_SYNC

PSR_RESET

PSR_DATAL

PSR_MCLK

GND

PWMOUTA3+

PWMOUTA3-

VDP

PWMOUTB3+

PWMOUTB3-

GND

VDP

GND

GPIO0

VLS

15 16

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

VLC

GND

MUTE

SCL/CCLK

Figure 10. CS44600 Pinout Diagram

AD1/CDIN

SDA/CDOUT

INT

AD0/CS

RST

GND

GPIO3

GPIO6

GPIO4

GPIO5

34 33

GPIO1

GPIO2

16 DS633F1

Pin Name Pin # Pin Description

PS_SYNC 3

XTI 5 XTO 6 Crystal Oscillator Output (Output) - Crystal Oscillator output. SYS_CLK 8 DAI_MCLK 9 Digital Audio Input Master Clock (Input) - Master audio clock.

Power Supply Synchronization Clock (Output) - The PWM synchronized clock to the switch mode power supply.

Crystal Oscillator Input (Input) - Crystal Oscillator input or accepts an external clock input signal that is used to drive the internal PWM core logic.

External System Clock (Output) - Clock output. This pin provides a divided down clock derived from the XTI input.

CS44600

DAI_SCLK 10

DAI_LRCK 11

DAI_SDIN1 DAI_SDIN2 DAI_SDIN3

MUTE 20

SCL/CCLK 21

SDA/CDOUT 22

AD1/CDIN 23

AD0/CS

INT 25

RST 26

GPIO6 29

12 1314Digital Audio Input Serial Data (Input) - Input for two’s complement serial audio data.

Digital Audio Input Serial Clock (Input) - Serial clock for the Digital Audio Input Inter- face. The clock frequency is a multiple of the Left/Right Clock running at Fs.

Digital Audio Input Left/Right Clock (Input) - Determines which channel, Left or Right, is currently active on the serial audio data line. The rate is determined by the sampling frequency Fs.

Mute (Input) - The device will perform a hard mute on all channels. All internal registers are not reset to their default settings.

Serial Control Port Clock (Input) - Serial clock for the serial control port. Requires an external pull-up resistor to the logic interface voltage in I²C mode as shown in the Typical Connection Diagram.

Serial Control Data (Input/Output) - SDA is a data I/O line in I²C mode and requires an external pull-up resistor to the logic interface voltage, as shown in the Typical Connection Diagram.; CDOUT is the output data line for the control port interface in SPI mode.

Address Bit 1 (I²C)/Serial Control Data (SPI) (Input) - AD1 is a chip address pin in I²C mode.;CDIN is the input data line for the control port interface in SPI mode.

Address Bit 0 (I²C)/Control Port Chip Select (SPI) (Input) - AD0 is a chip address pin in I²C mode; CS

Interrupt Request (Output) - CMOS or open-drain interrupt request output. This pin is driven to the configured active state to indicate that the PWM Controller has status data that should be read by the host.

Reset (Input) - The device enters a low power mode and all internal registers are reset to their default settings when low.

General Purpose Input, Output (Input/Output) - This pin is configured as an input follow- ing a RST be individually controlled by the Host Controller.

is the chip select signal in SPI mode.

condition. It can be configured as a general purpose input or output which can

General Purpose Input, Output (Input/Output) - This pin is configured as an input follow-

GPIO5 30

GPIO4 31

DS633F1 17

ing a RST be individually controlled by the Host Controller.

General Purpose Input, Output (Input/Output) - This pin is configured as an input follow- ing a RST be individually controlled by the Host Controller.

condition. It can be configured as a general purpose input or output which can

GPIO3 32

GPIO2 33

GPIO1 34

GPIO0 35

PSR_MCLK 49

PSR_DATAL 50

CS44600

General Purpose Input, Output (Input/Output) - This pin is configured as an input follow-

ing a RST condition. It can be configured as a general purpose input or output which can be individually controlled by the Host Controller.

General Purpose Input, Output (Input/Output) - This pin is configured as an input follow- ing a RST be individually controlled by the Host Controller.

Power Supply Rejection Master Clock (Output) - Master audio clock for externa l PSR ADC (CS4461).

Power Supply Rejection Input Serial Data (Input) - Input for serial audio data from external PSR ADC (CS4461).

condition. It can be configured as a general purpose input or output which can

PSR_SYNC 51

PSR_RESET 52

PSR_EN 2 PWMOUTA1+

PWMOUTA1PWMOUTB1+ PWMOUTB1PWMOUTA2+ PWMOUTA2PWMOUTB2+ PWMOUTB2PWMOUTA3+ PWMOUTA3PWMOUTB3+ PWMOUTB3-

VDX 7 Crystal Power (Input) - Positive power supply for the Crystal section. VD 19, 27 Digital Power (Input) - Positive power supply for the digital section.

VLC 17

VLS 16

Power Supply Rejection Sync Clock (Input) - Synchronization signal for external PSR ADC (CS4461).

Power Supply Rejection Reset (Output) - The reset pin for the external Power Supply Rejection circuitry.

Power Supply Rejection Enable (Output) - The enable pin for the external Power Supply Rejection circuitry.

64 63 61 60 58 57

PWM Output (Output) - PWM control signals for the Class D amplifier backend.

55 54 47 46 44 43

Host Interface Power (Input) - Determines the required signal level for the digital input/output signals for the host interface.

Digital Audio Interface Power (Input) - Dete rmines the required signal level fo r the digital input signals for the digital audio interface.

VDP

GND

18 DS633F1

39, 45,

56, 62

1, 4,

18, 28, 36, 42, 48, 53,

PWM Interface Power (Input) - Determines the required signal level for the digital input/output signals for the PWM and GPIO interface.

Digital Ground (Input) - Ground reference for digital circuits.

CS44600

2.1 I/O Pin Characteristics

Power

Signal Name

RST VLC Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible. SCL/CCLK VLC Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible, with Hysteresis.

Rail I/O Driver Receiver

SDA/CDOUT VLC AD0/CS

AD1/CDIN VLC Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible, Internal pull-up. INT VLC Output MUTE VLC Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible.

DAI_SDINx VLS Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible. DAI_SCLK VLS Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible. DAI_LRCK VLS Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible. DAI_MCLK VLS Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible. SYS_CLK VLS Output 2.5-5.0 V, CMOS XTI VDX Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible, Internal pull-down. XTO VDX Output - -

GPIOx VDP PWMOUTAx+/- VDP Outp ut 3.3/5.0 V, CMOS -

PWMOUTBx+/- VDP Output 3.3/5.0 V, CMOS -

VLC Input - 2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible, Internal pull-up.

Input / Output

2.5-5.0 V, CMOS/Open Drain

3.3/5.0 V, CMOS/Open Drain

2.5 V and 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible, with Hysteresis.

3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible.

PSR_MCLK VDP Output 3.3/5.0 V, CMOS PSR_SYNC VDP Input - 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible, Internal pull-up. PSR_DATA VDP Input - 3.3/5.0 V TTL Compatible, Internal pull-up. PSR_EN VDP Output 3.3/5.0 V, CMOS PSR_RESET VDP Output 3.3/5.0 V, CMOS PS_SYNC VDP Output 3.3/5.0 V, CMOS -

DS633F1 19

3. TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAMS

CS44600

+2.5 V

+3.3 V to

+5.0 V

+2.5 V to

+5.0 V

10 µF

0.1 µF

24.576 MHz to 54 MHz

0.1 µF

Digital

Audio

Processor

0.01 µF

XTAL

0.01 µF

0.1 µF

0.01 µF

CS44600

VDX

XTI XTO

VLS

SYS_CLK DAI_MCLK

DAI_SCLK

DAI_LRCK DAI_SDIN1 DAI_SDIN2

DAI_SDIN3

0.1 µF

0.01 µF

VDP

0.1 µF

0.01 µF

PWMOUTA1+ PWMOUTA1-

GPIO1

PWMOUTB1+

PWMOUTB1-

GPIO2

PWMOUTA2+

PWMOUTA2-

GPIO3

PWMOUTB2+ PWMOUTB2-

GPIO4

PWMOUTA3+ PWMOUTA3-

GPIO5

PWMOUTB3+

PWMOUTB3-

GPIO6 GPIO0

0.1 µF 10 µF

+3.3 V to +5.0 V

PWM IN1

CONTROL

PWM IN2 CONTROL

PWM IN3

CONTROL

PWM IN4 CONTROL

PWM IN5

CONTROL

PWM IN6 CONTROL

OUT1

STATUS

OUT2

STATUS

OUT3

STATUS

OUT4

STATUS

OUT5

STATUS

OUT6

STATUS

Front Left

Front Right

Surr. Left

Surr. Right

Center

Subwoofer

MUTE INT

Ω

2 k

RST

SCL/CCLK SDA/CDOUT

AD1/CDIN AD0/CS

VLC

GND

PS_SYNC

PSR_MCLK PSR_SYNC

PSR_DATA

PSR_EN

PSR_RESET

Power Supply Sync Clock

Power Supply Rail

CS4461

ADC

Optional

Micro-

Controller

Ω

+2.5 V

to +5.0 V

Note: Resistors are required for

I²C control port operation

2 k

See Note

0.1 µF

Figure 11. Typical Full-Bridge Connection Diagram

20 DS633F1

CS44600

+2.5 V

+3.3 V to

+5.0 V

+2.5 V to

+5.0 V

10 µF

0.1 µF

24.576 MHz to 54 MHz

0.1 µF

Digital

Audio

Processor

0.01 µF

XTAL

0.01 µF

0.1 µF

0.01 µF

CS44600

VDX

XTI XTO

VLS

SYS_CLK DAI_MCLK

DAI_SCLK

DAI_LRCK DAI_SDIN1 DAI_SDIN2

DAI_SDIN3

0.1 µF

0.01 µF

VDP

0.1 µF

0.01 µF

PWMOUTA1+

PWMOUTA1PWMOUTB1+

PWMOUTB1-

GPIO3

GPIO0

PWMOUTA2+

PWMOUTA2-

PWMOUTB2+

PWMOUTB2-

GPIO4

GPIO1

PWMOUTA3+ PWMOUTA3-

PWMOUTB3+ PWMOUTB3-

GPIO5

GPIO2

0.1 µF 10 µF

+3.3 V to +5.0 V

PWM IN1

PWM IN2

CONTROL

PWM IN1

PWM IN2

CONTROL

PWM IN1

PWM IN2

CONTROL

OUT1

Front Left

OUT2

Front Right

STATUS

OUT1

Surr. Left

OUT2

Surr. Right

STATUS

OUT1

Center

OUT2

Subwoofer

STATUS

MUTE

INT

Ω

2 k

RST

SCL/CCLK SDA/CDOUT

AD1/CDIN

AD0/CS

VLC

GND

PS_SYNC

PSR_MCLK PSR_SYNC

PSR_DATA

PSR_EN

PSR_RESET

Power Supply Sync Clock

Power Supply Rail

CS4461

ADC

Optional

Micro-

Controller

Ω

+2.5 V

to +5.0 V

Note: Resistors are required for

I²C control port operation

2 k

See Note

0.1 µF

Figure 12. Typical Half-Bridge Connection Diagram

DS633F1 21

4. APPLICATIONS

4.1 Overview

The CS44600 is a multi-channel digital-to-PWM Class D audio system controller including interpolation, sample rate conversion, half- and full-bridge PWM driver outputs, and power supply rejection feedb ack in a 64-pin LQFP package. The architecture uses a di rect-t o-digital ap proach that maintains digita l signal integrity to the final output filter, minimizing analog interference effects which negatively affect system performance.

The CS44600 integrates on-chip sample rate conversion, digital volume control, peak detect with volume limiter, de-emphasis, programmab le interrup t condit ions, and th e abilit y to chan ge the PW M switch ra te to eliminate AM frequency interference. The CS44600 also has a programmable load compensation filter, which allows the speaker load to vary while the output filter remains fixed, maintaining a flat frequency response. For single-ended half-bridge applications PWM Popguard and realtime power supply feedback reduces noise coupling from the power supp ly. The PWM amplifier can achieve greater than 90% efficiency. This efficiency provides for a smaller device package, less heat sink requirements, and smaller power supplies.

The CS44600 is ideal for audio systems requiring wide dynamic range, negligible distortion, and low noise such as A/V receivers, DVD receivers, digital speaker, and automotive audio systems.

4.2 Feature Set Summary

CS44600

reduces the transient pops an d clicks

Core Features

• 2.5 V digital core voltage, VD.

• VLC voltage pin for host interface logic levels between 2.5 V and 5.0 V.

• VLS voltage pin for digital audio interface logic levels between 2.5 V and 5.0 V.

• VDP voltage pin for PWM backend interface logic levels between 3.3 V and 5.0 V.

• VDX voltage pin for clock input signals between 2.5 V and 5.0 V.

Clocking

• Minimum of 128Fs DAI_MCLK for DAI serial interface.

• DAI interface uses automatic detection of LRCK/MCLK ratio to configure internal DAI/SRC clocks.

• All PWM Processing clocks generated internally via: – An external crystal - 24.576 MHz to 54 MHz, or – XTI input pin capable of supporting a clock signal at the VDX voltage level.

• Programmable divide of XTI by 1, 2, 4, 8 for SYS_CLK output.

• Programmable divide of XTI by 32, 64, 128, 256 for PS_SYNC (power supply synchronization signal).

Digital Audio Playback

• Supports 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz, 96 kHz, 176.4 kHz and 192 kHz sample frequencies.

• High performance sample rate converter.

• 16, 20 and 24 bit audio sample lengths.

• De-emphasis for 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz.

22 DS633F1

• Digital volume control with soft ramp.

• Individual channel volume gain, attenuation and mute capability; +24 to -127 dB in 0.25 dB steps.

• Master volume attenuation; +24 to -127 dB in 0.25 dB steps.

• Peak Detect and Volume Limiter with programmable attack and release rates.

• Signal-clipping interrupt indicator.

Additional Features

• Contains a two-stage digital output filter for speaker impedance compensation.

• Provide s 7 prog ram mabl e GPIO pins with interr upt ge neratio n for easily int erfa cing to a va riety of com-

monly available power state parts. Interrupts can be masked.

• Selectable over-sample rate for increased audio bandwidth.

• Power supply clock output, PS_SYNC, with programmable divider

CS44600

FsIn FsOut

1,2,4,8

De-

Emphasis

128Fs

DAI_MCLK DAI_LRCK

DAI_SCLK DAI_SDINx

XTO

XTI

SYS_CLK

1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8

Ratio Detect

Digital Audio

Input Port

XTAL / CLKIN

Figure 13. CS44600 Data Flow Diagram (Single Channel Shown)

4.3 Clock Generation

The sources for internal clock generation for the PWM processing are as follows:

• FsIn Domain: – DAI_MCLK, minimum 128Fs

• FsOut Domain: – XTI/XTO (Fundamental or 3 – Clock signal on XTI (VDX is used to set logic voltage level)

SRC

SRC_MCLK (128Fs)

Master

Volume

Channel

Volume

2-pole Load

Compensation

Filter

2.25 Clock Control

VOL

MOD_MCLK

PWM_MCLK

1,1.5,

2,4

AM Freq. Hop

(AM_FREQ_HOP)

overtone crystal), or

mute

Over Sample

(OSRATE)

LIMITER

PEAK

DETECT

Over Sample

(OSRATE)

Multibit

Σ∆

Modulator

PSR

Feedback

PWM Engine

Delay

PWM_OUT+

PWM_OUT-

DS633F1 23

4.3.1 FsIn Domain Clocking

Common DAI_MCLK frequencies and sample rates are shown in Table 1.

Mode

(sample-rate range)

DAI_MCLK/LRCK Ratio −> 256x 384x 512x 768x 1024x Single Speed

(4 to 50 kHz)

DAI_MCLK/LRCK Ratio −> 128x 192x 256x 384x 512x

Double Speed

(50 to 100 kHz)

DAI_MCLK/LRCK Ratio −> 64x 96x 128x 192x 256x

Quad Speed

(100 to 200 kHz)

Sample

Rate

(kHz)

32 8.1920 12.2880 16.3840 24.5760 32.7680

44.1 11.2896 16.9344 22.5792 33.8688 45.1584 48 12.2880 18.4320 24.5760 36.8640 49.1520

64 8.1920 12.2880 16.3840 24.5760 32.7680

88.2 11.2896 16.9344 22.5792 33.8688 45.1584 96 12.2880 18.4320 24.5760 36.8640 49.1520

176.4 n/a n/a 22.5792 33.8688 45.1584 192 n/a n/a 24.5760 36.8640 49.1520

Table 1. Common DAI_MCLK Frequencies

DAI_MCLK (MHz)

4.3.2 FsOut Domain Clocking

CS44600

To ensure the highest quality conversion of PWM signals, the CS44600 is capable of operating from a fundamental mode or 3 to 54 MHz. If XTI is being directly driven by a clock signal, XTO can be left floating or tied to ground through a pull-down resistor and the internal oscillator should be powered down using the PDN_XTAL bit in register 02h.

overtone crystal, or a clock signal attached to XTI, at a frequency of 24.576 MHz

XTI

XTO

Figure 14. Fundamental Mode Crystal Configuration

24 DS633F1

CS44600

XTI

XTO

Figure 15. 3rd Overtone Crystal Configuration

Appropriate clock dividers for each functional block and a programmable divider to support an output for switched-mode power supply synchronization are provided. The clock generation for the CS44600 is shown in the Figure 16.

XTO

XTI

System Clock

Divider

PWM Master Clock Divider

PWM_MCLK

PWM Modulator

Clock Divider

MOD_MCLKSYS_CLK

PS_SYNC

Power Supply Sync. Divider

Figure 16. CS44600 Internal Clock Generation

Sample Rate Converter

Clock Divider

SRC_MCLK

DS633F1 25

4.4 FsIn Clock Domain Modules

4.4.1 Digital Audio Input Port

The CS44600 interfaces to an external Digita l Audio Processor via the Digital Audio Input serial port, the DAI serial port. The DAI port has 3 stereo data inputs with support for I²S, left-justified and right-justified formats. The DAI port operates in slave operation only, where DAI_LRCK, DAI_SCLK and DAI_MCLK are always inputs. The signal DAI_LR CK must be equal to the sample rate, Fs and must be synchronously derived from the supplied master c lock, DAI_MCLK. The serial bit clock, DAI_SCLK, is used to sample the data bits and must be synchronously derived from the master clock.

DAI_SDIN1, DAI_SDIN2, and DAI_SDIN3 are the serial data input pins supplying the associated internal PWM channel modulators. The serial data interface format selection (left-justified, right-justified, I²S, one line mode, or TDM) for the DAI serial port data input pins is configured using the appropriate bits in the register “Misc. Configuration (address 04h)” on pag e 52. The serial audio data is presented in 2's complement binary form with the MSB first in all formats.

When operated in One Line Data Mode, 6 channels of PWM data are input on DAI_SDIN1. In TDM mode, all 6 channels are multiplexed onto the DAI_SDIN1 data line. Table 2 outlines the serial port channel allocations.

Serial Data Input s Data mode Channel Assignments

DAI_SDIN1 Normal (I²S,LJ,RJ)

One Line #1 or #2 TDM

DAI_SDIN2 Normal (I²S,LJ,RJ)

One Line #1 or #2 TDM

DAI_SDIN3 Normal (I²S,LJ,RJ)

One Line #1 or #2 TDM

Table 2. DAI Serial Audio Port Channel Allocations

The DAI digital audio serial ports support 6 formats with varying bit depths from 16 to 24 as shown in Fig-

ure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20, Figure 21 and Figure 22. These formats are selected using the

configuration bits in the “Misc. Configuration (address 04h)” on page 52.

PWMOUTA1(left channel)/PWMOUTB1(right channel) PWMOUTA1/A2/A3/B1/B2/B3 PWMOUTA1/A2/A3/B1/B2/B3

PWMOUTA2(left channel)/PWMOUTB2(right channel) not used not used

PWMOUTA3(left channel)/PWMOUTB3(right channel) not used not used

CS44600

26 DS633F1

CS44600

4.4.1.1 I²S Data Format

For I²S, data is received most si gnificant bit first, one DAI_SCLK delay after the transition of DAI_LRCK, and is valid on the rising edge of DAI_SCLK. For the I²S format, the left channel data is presente d when DAI_LRCK is low; the right channel data is presented when DAI_LRCK is high.

DAI_LRCK

DAI_SCLK

DAI_ S DINx

MSB

-2 -3 -4 -5

-1

Left Channel

+3 +2 +1+5 +4

I²S Mode, Data Valid on Rising Edge of DAI_SCLK Bits/Sample SCLK Rates 16 32, 48, 64, 128, 256 Fs 18 to 24 48, 64, 128, 256 Fs

4.4.1.2 Left-Justified Data Format

For left-justified format, data is received most significant bit first on the first DAI_SCLK after a DAI_LRCK transition and is valid on the rising edge of DAI_SCLK. For the left-justified format, the left channel data is presented when DAI_LRCK is high and the right channel data is presented when DAI_LRCK is low.

DAI_LRCK

DAI_SCLK

Left Channel

Right C hannel

LSB LSB

MSB

-1

-2 -3 -4

Figure 17. I²S Serial Audio Formats

Right Channel

+3 +2 +1+5 +4

DAI_S D INx

MSB LSB MSB LSB

-1 -2 -3 -4 -5

+3 +2 +1+5 +4

-1

-2 -3 -4

+3 +2 +1+5 +4

Left-Justified Mode, Data Valid on Rising Edge of DAI_SCLK Bits/Sample SCLK Rate(s) 16 32, 48, 64, 128, 256 Fs 18 to 24 48, 64, 128, 256 Fs

Figure 18. Left-Justified Serial Audio Formats

DS633F1 27

CS44600

4.4.1.3 Right-Justified Data Format

In the right-justified format, data is received most significant bit first and with the least significant bit presented on the last DAI_SCLK before the DAI_LRCK transition and is valid on the rising edge of DAI_SCLK. For the right-justified format, the left channel data is presented when DAI_LRCK is high and the right channel data is presented when DAI_LRCK is low. Either 16 bits per sample or 24 bits per sample are supported.

DAI_LRCK

DAI_SCLK

DAI_ S DINx

Left Channel

15 14 13 12 11 10

6543210987

15 14 13 12 11 10

Right Channel

6543210987

Right-Justified Mode, Data Valid on Rising Edge of DAI_SCLK Bits/Sample SCLK Rate(s) 16 32, 48, 64, 128, 256 Fs 24 48, 64, 128, 256 Fs

Figure 19. Right-Justified Serial Audio Formats

4.4.1.4 One Line Mode #1

In One Line mode #1 format, data is received most significant bit first on the first DAI_SCLK after a DAI_LRCK transition and is valid on the rising edge of DAI_SCLK. DAI_SCL K must oper ate at a 128F s rate. DAI_LRCK identifies the start of a new frame and is eq ual to th e sa mple p eri od. DAI_L RCK is sa mpled as valid on the same clock edge as the most significant bit of the first data sample an d must be h eld high for 64 DAI_SCLK periods. Each time slot is 20 bits wide, with the valid data sample left-justified within the time slot. Valid data lengths are 16, 18, or 20 bits. Valid samples rates for this mode are 32 kHz to 96 kHz.

64 clks 64 clks

DAI_LRCK

DAI_SCLK

DAI_SDIN1

LSBMSB

PWMOUTA1 PWMOUTB1PWMOUTA2 PWMOUTB2PWMOUTA3

20 clks

Left Channels

LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB MSB

20 clks 20 clks 20 clks 20 clks 20 clks

Figure 20. One Line Mode #1 Serial Audio Format

28 DS633F1

Right Channels

PWMOUTB3

4.4.1.5 One Line Mode #2

In One Line mode #2 format, data is received most significant bit first on the first DAI_SCLK after a DAI_LRCK transition and is valid on the rising edge of DAI_SCLK. DAI_SCLK must operate at a 256 Fs rate. DAI_LRCK identifies the start of a new frame and is equal to the sample period. DAI_LRCK is sampled as valid on the same clock edge as the most significant bit of the first data sample and must be held high for 128 DAI_SCLK periods. Each time slot is 24 bits wide, with the valid data sample left-justified within the time slot. Valid data lengths are 16, 18, 20, or 24 bits. Valid samples rates for this mode are 32 kHz to 96 kHz.

128 clks 128 clks

DAI_LRCK

DAI_SCLK

Left Channels

Right Channels

CS44600

DAI_SDIN1

DAI_LRCK

DAI_SCLK

DAI_SDIN1

LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB MSB

PWMOUTA1 PWMOUTB1PWMOUTA2 PWMOUTB2PWMOUTA3

24 clks 24 clks 24 clks 24 clks 24 clks 24 clks

PWMOUTB3

Figure 21. One Line Mode #2 Serial Audio Format

4.4.1.6 TDM Mode

In TDM mode format, data is received most significant bit first on the first DAI_SCLK after a DAI_LRCK transition and is valid on the rising edge of DAI_SCLK. DAI_SCLK must operate at a 256 Fs rate. DAI_LRCK identifies the start of a new frame and is equal to the sample period. DAI_LRCK is sampled as valid on the proceeding clock edge as the most significant bit of the first data sample and must be he ld valid for at least 1 DAI_SCLK period. Each time slot is 32 bits wide, with the valid data sample left-justified within the time slot. Valid data lengths are 16, 18, 20, 24 or 32 bits. Valid samples rates for this mode are 32 kHz to 96 kHz.

256 clks

LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB LSBMSB

PWMOUTA1 PWMOUTA2 PWMOUTB1PWMOUTA3

32 clks 32 clks 32 clks 32 clks 32 clks 32 clks

PWMOUTB2

LSBMSB

PWMOUTB3

32 clks 32 clks

Figure 22. TDM Mode Serial Audio Format

DS633F1 29

4.4.2 Auto Rate Detect

The CS44600 will automatically determine the incoming sample rate, DAI_LRCK, to master clock, DAI_MCLK, ratio and configure the appropriate internal cloc k divi der suc h that the sampl e ra te co nver tor receives the required clock rate. A min imum DAI_MCLK rate of 128F s is required for proper ope ration. The supported DAI_MCLK to DAI_LRCK ratios are shown in Table 1 on page 26.

4.4.3 De-Emphasis

The CS44600 includes on-chip digital de-emphasis filters. The de-em phasis feature is included to accommodate older audio recordings that utilize pre-emphasis equalization as a means of noise reduction.

Figure 23 shows the de-emphasis curve. The frequency response of the de-emphasis curve will scale pro-

portionally with changes in sample rate, Fs. The required de-emphasis filter for 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, or 48 kHz is selected via the de-emphasis control bits in “Misc. Configuration (address 04h)” on page 52.

CS44600

Gain

T1=50 µs

0dB

-10dB

T2 = 15 µs

F1 F2

3.183 kHz 10.61 kHz

Figure 23. De-Emphasis Curve

Frequency

30 DS633F1

4.5 FsOut Clock Domain Modules

4.5.1 Sample Rate Converter

One of the characteristics of a PWM amplifier is that the frequ ency content of out-of-band noise genera ted by the modulator is dependent on the PWM switching frequency. The power stage external LC an d snubber filter component values are based on this switching frequency. To accommodate input sample rates ranging from 32 kHz to 192 kHz the CS44600 utilizes a Sample Rate Converter (SRC) and several clocking modes that keep the PWM switching frequency fixed.

The SRC supports a range of sample rate conversion to upsample rates from 32 kHz to 192 kHz to a fixed FsOut sample rate. This is typically 384 kHz for most audio applications. The SRC also allows the PWM modulator output to be independent of the input clock jitter since the output of the SRC is clocked from a very stable crystal or oscillator. This results in very low jitter PWM output and higher dynamic range.

4.5.2 Load Compensation Filter

To accommodate varying speaker impedances, the CS44600 incorporates a 2-pole load compensation filter to adjust the effective frequency response of the on-card L/C de-modulation filter. The frequency response of the 2-pole inductor/capacitor filter used on the board to filter out the high-frequency PWM switching clock is highly dependant on the resistive load (speaker) attached.

If the L/C filter implemented was designed for a low impedance load (4 Ω speaker), but an 8 Ω speaker was attached, the frequency response would have a large peaking near the resonant frequency of the L/C. The peaking usually starts at around 15 kHz, with about a +4 dB of gain at around 20 kHz. This phenomenon will cause the system to not meet the frequency response requirements as specified by Dolby Labs.

CS44600

By using the programmable 2-pole load compensation filter, the overall frequency respo nse of the system can be modified to cut the amount of peaking. The 2 poles of the filter are indep endently configurable and are concatenated to form the overall filter response. The first filter is defined as a coarse setting. This filter should be programmed to provide most of the attenuation of the peaking. The second filte r, defined as the fine adjust, is used to achieve incremental improvements to the overall frequency response. Table 3 shows example register settings based on an output filter that has been designed for a 4 Ω load impedance. See “Channel Compensation Filter - Coarse Adjust (CHXX_CORS[5:0])” on page 62 and “Channel

Compensation Filter - Fine Adjust (CHXX_FINE[5:0])” on page 63.

Load Impedance Coarse Filter Setting Fine Filter Setting

6 Ω -1.2 dB 0 dB 8 Ω -1.8 dB 0 dB 16 Ω -3.4 dB 0 dB

T able 3. Load Compensation Example Settings

4.5.3 Digital Volume and Mute Control

The CS44600 provides two levels of volume control. A Master Volume Control Register is used to set the volume level across all PWM channels. The register value, which selects a volume range of +24 dB to 127 dB in 0.25 dB steps, is used to control the overall volume setting of all the amplifier channels. Volume control changes are programmable to ramp in increme nts of 0.125 dB at a variable rate controlled by the SZC[1:0] bits in “Volume Control Configuration (address 06h)” on page 55.

Each PWM channel’s output level is controlled via a Channel Volume Control register operating over the range of +24 dB to -127 dB attenuation with 0.25 dB resolution. See “Channel XX Volume Control - Inte-

DS633F1 31

ger (addresses 09h - 10h)” on page 58. Volume control changes are programmable to ramp in increments

of 0.125 dB at a variable rate controlled by the SZC[1:0] bits. Each PWM channel output can be independentl y muted via mute control bits in the register “Channel Mute

(address 13h)” on page 60.

When enabled, each CHXX_MUTE bit attenuates the corresponding PWM channel to its maximum va lue (-127 dB). When the CHXX_MUTE bit is disabled, the corresponding PWM channel returns to the attenuation level set in the Volume Control register. The attenuation is ramped up and down at the rate specified by the SZC[1:0] bits.

4.5.4 Peak Detect / Limiter

The CS44600 has the ability to limit the maximum signal amplitude to prevent clipping. The “Peak Limiter

Control Register (address 15h)” on page 60 is used to configure the peak detect and limiter engines’ op-

eration. Peak Signal Limiting is performed by digital attenuation. The attack rate is d etermined by the “Lim-

iter Attack Rate (address 16h)” on page 61. The release rate is determined by the “Limiter Release Rate (address 17h)” on page 61.

4.5.5 PWM Engines

There are three stereo PWM Engines: PWM_ENG_1, PWM_ENG_2, and PWM_ENG_3. Each PWM can handle one stereo pair and connects to a driver or a pair of drivers, depending on the output configuration. Each PWM Engine receives the master clock, PWM_MCLK, from the Clock Control block, and the associated channel data and audio sample timings from the Sample Rate Converter.

CS44600

The “PWM Configuration Register ( address 3 1h)” o n page 68 is used to configure the PWM engines’ operation. This register controls the par ameters of the PWM engines and can only be changed while the PWM engines are in the power down state.

Features:

• Up to 6 channel support

• 64 Quantizat ion leve ls

• PSRR compensation feedback

• Programmable Over Sampling - interpolate times 2 (2x) or filter by-pass. By-pass is intended for

• Programma b le re gisters to move PWM edges for delay adjustment. This lowers the overall noise con-

• Programmable Modulation Setup

The table below shows the available settings for the PWM Engine for a 384 kHz/768 kHz or

421.875 kHz/843.75 kHz PWM Fswitch rate verses the supported Fsin sample rates using the SRC with a maximum PWM_MCLK of 49.152 MHz/54 MHz.

384 kHz (single-speed) PWM switch rate sup port. The interpolate 2x filter is used to upsam ple the data to support a PWM switch rate of 768 kHz (double speed mode). This enables the output frequency response to extend past 20 kHz when the DAI sample rate is 96 kHz or 192 kHz.

tribution by allowing each PWM edge to switch at different times.

– Min/Max PWM pulse width allowed – Programmable Modulation index.

32 DS633F1

(

Fsin (kHz)

32, 44.1, 48, 88. 2, 96,

176.4, 192

32, 44.1, 48, 88. 2, 96,

176.4, 192

4.5.6 Interpolation Filter

The times 2 (2x) interpolation filter is part of the Quantizer and is used to up sample the data to support a higher PWM switch rate. The interpolator is controlled by the OSRATE bit in the “PWM Configuration

4.5.7 Quantizer

The quantizer takes the input audio data at a typical 384 kHz or 768 kHz rate (depending on whether the 2x Interpolator is on or not) from the Interpolator as input. When PSRR is enabled, the quantizer take s the input from PSRR Decimator and uses it to correct for power_supply noise. It also provides protection through min/max pulse limiting hardware to generate ou tputs tha t wo ul dn’t violate minimum pulse widths required at the PWM drivers. Its stereo outputs are ru nnin g at th e PWM sw itch rat e.

Fsout

using SRC

kHz)

Qua n t Level OS RATE

384

421.875

Table 4. Typical PWM Switch Rate Settings

64 1 384 24.576 64 2 768 49.152 64 1 421.875 27.000 64 2 843.75 54.000

PWM

Switch Rate

(kHz)

CS44600

Required XTAL

or SYS_CLK

(MHz)

4.5.8 Modulator

Each output from the Quantizer goes to the Modulator. The Modulator takes the parallel input data at a 384 kHz or 768 kHz, depending on the setting of the OSRATE bit, and changes the parallel data to serial, one-bit outputs. The result is modulated pulses at the selected switch rate with 64 level resolution. The modulator maintains low frequency audio signals, allowing the output to reproduce all low frequency audio content down to 0 Hz.

4.5.9 PWM Outputs

The Modulators outputs are followed by the PWM Configuration blo ck. Th ese signals are routed through delay control blocks where they generate two outputs each. These final o utputs are modulated pulses running at the PWM switch rate as determined by the settings shown in Table 4.

Circuitry in the PWM Configuration block guarantees, that no pulses shorter than the minimum pulse are generated. The minimum pulse width is configured using the MIN_PULSE[4:0] bits in the “PWM Minimum

Pulse Width Register (address 32h)” on page 69.

The PWM Configuration block also provides the PWM output signal delay mechanism. Adjusting the outputs’ delays allows for managing the switching noise between channels, as well as differential signal noise. The “PWMOUT Delay Register (address 33h)” on page 70 specify the delay amount for each PWM Output. The delay is measured in periods of PWM_MCLK.

DS633F1 33

4.5.10 Power Supply Rejection (PSR) Real-Time Feedback

Inherent to most Class D power amplifier solutions is the requirement for a clean and well-regulated high voltage power supply. Any noise or tones present on the power rail will couple through each channel’s power MOSFET output device. These spurious distortion components on the output sign al consist of discrete tones, which can be audible from the speaker, and ton es that modulate ar ound the audio signal being played.

To remove the requirement for a well-regulat ed power supply, and there fore reduce overall system costs, the rejection of harmonic distortion from the power supply and tones coupled onto the power rail is accomplished by the patented power supply rejection realtime feedback. By using the CS4461 and associated attenuation circuitry, the scaled AC and DC components of the power supply rail are fed back into the PWM modulator. All delays through the feedback path have been minim ized su ch that the n oise cancellation is accomplished in real-time allowing for substantial noise rejection within the output audio signal.

See “Typical Connection Diagrams” on page 22 for examples on how to connect the external ADC (CS4461) to the CS44600 for PSR feedback, “Recommended PSR Calibration Sequence” on page 44, and the CS4461 datasheet.

CS44600

34 DS633F1

4.6 Control Port Description and Timing

The control port is used to access the registers, allowing the CS44600 to be configured for the desired operational modes and formats. The operation of the control port may be completely asynchronous with respect to the audio sample rates. However, to avoid potential interference problems, the control port pins should remain static if no operation is required.

The control port has 2 modes: SPI and I²C, with the CS44600 acting as a slave device. SPI mode is selected if there is a high to low transition on the AD0/CS selected by connecting the AD0/CS

pin through a resistor to V LC or GND, there by permanently selecting

the desired AD0 bit address state.

4.6.1 SPI Mode

In SPI mode, CS is the CS44600 chip select signal, CCLK is the control port bit clock (i nput into the CS44600 from the microcontroller), CDIN is the input data line from the microcontroller, CDOUT is the output data line to the microcontroller. Data is clocked in on the rising edge of CCLK and out on the falling edge.

CS44600

pin, after the RST pin has been brought high. I²C mode is

CCLK

CDIN

Figure 24 shows the operation of the control port in SPI mode. To write to a register, bring CS

low. The first seven bits on CDIN form the chip address and must be 1001111. The eighth bit is a read/write indicator (R/W

), which should be low to write. The next eight bits form the Memory Address Pointer (MAP), which is set to the address of the register that is to be updated. The next eight bits are the data which will be placed into the register designated by the MAP. During writes, the CDOUT output stays in the Hi-Z state. It may be externally pulled high or low with a 47 kΩ resistor, if desired

There is a MAP auto increment capability, enabled by the INCR bit in the MAP register. If INCR is a zero, the MAP will stay constant for successive read or writes. If INCR is set to a 1, the MAP will autoincrement after each byte is written, allowing block writes of successive registers. Autoincrement reads are no t supported.

To read a register, the MAP has to be set to the correct address by executing a partial write cycle which finishes (CS as desired. To begin a read, bring CS

high) immediately after the MAP byte. The MAP auto increment bit (INCR) may be set or not,

low, send out the chip address and set the read/wr ite bit (R/W) high. The next falling edge of CCLK will clock out the MSB of the addressed register (CDOUT will leave the high impedance state).

CHIP

ADDRESS

1001111

R/W

MAP

MSB

byte 1

DAT A

LSB

byte n

CHIP

ADDRESS

1001111

R/W

CDOUT

High Impedance

MAP = Memory Address Pointer,8 bits, MSB first

Figure 24. Control Port Timing in SPI Mode

MSB

LSB

MSB

LSB

DS633F1 35

4.6.2 I²C Mode

In I²C mode, SDA is a bidirectional data line. Data is clocked into and out of the part by the clock, SCL. There is no CS be connected through a resistor to VLC or GND as desired. The state of the pins is sensed while the CS44600 is being reset.

The signal timings for a read and write cycle are shown in Figure 25 and Figure 26. A Start condition is defined as a falling transition of SDA while the clock is high. A Stop condition is a rising transition while the clock is high. All other transitions of SDA occur while the clock is low. The first byte sent to the CS44600 after a Start condition consists of a 7 bit chip address field and a R/W for a write). The upper 5 bits of the 7-bit address field a re fixed at 10011. To communicate with a CS44600, the chip address field, which is the first byte sent to the CS44600, should match 10011 followed by the settings of the AD1 and AD0. The eighth bit of the address is the R/W next byte is the Memory Address Pointer (MAP) which selects the register to be read or written. If the operation is a read, the contents of the register pointed to by the MAP will be output. Setting the auto increment bit in MAP allows successive writes of consecutive registers. Each byte is separated by an acknowledge bit. The ACK bit is output from the CS44600 after each input byte is read, and is input to the CS44600 from the microcontroller after each transmitted byte. Autoincrement reads are not supported.

CS44600

pin. Pins AD0 and AD1 form the two least significant bits of the chip addr ess an d should

bit (high for a read, low

bit. If the operation is a write, the

DATA +1

DATA +n

ACKACKACK

STOP

SCL

SDA

0 1 2 3 8 9 12 16 17 18 1910 11 13 14 15 27 28

CHIP ADDRESS (WRITE) MAP BYTE DATA

1 0 0 1 1 AD1 AD0 0

START

4 5 6 7 24 25

INCR 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 1 0 7 6 1 0 7 6 1 0

ACK

Figure 25. Control Port Timing, I²C Slave Mode Write

168 9 12 13 14 154 5 6 7 0 1 20 21 22 23 24

STOP

ACK

CHIP ADDRESS (READ)

1 0 0 1 1 AD1 AD0 1

START

26 27 28

DATA

7 0 7 0 7 0

ACK

DATA +1

ACK

DATA + n

ACK

STOP

SCL

SDA

2 3 10 11 17 18 19 25

CHIP ADDRESS (WRITE)

1 0 0 1 1 AD1 AD0 0

START

MAP BYTE

INCR 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

ACK

Figure 26. Control Port Timing, I²C Slave Mode Read

Since the read operation can not set the MAP, an aborted write operation is used as a preamble. As shown in Figure 26, the write operation is aborted after the acknowledge for the MAP byte by sending a stop condition. The following pseudocode illustrates an aborted write operation followed by a read operation.

Send start condition. Send 10011xx0 (chip address & write operation). Receive acknowledge bit. Send MAP byte, auto increment off. Receive acknowledge bit. Send stop condition, aborting write. Send start condition. Send 10011xx1(chip address & read operation).

36 DS633F1

Receive acknowledge bit. Receive byte, contents of selected register. Send acknowledge bit. Send stop condition.

Each byte is separated by an acknowledge bit.

4.6.3 GPIOs

The CS44600 GPIO pins will have the following features:

• Data directio n contr ol.

• Programmable open-drain or push-pull driver when configured as an output pin.

• Maskable interrupt for GPIO[3:0] pins when set as a general purpose input.

• Level-sensitive or edge-trigger event selector for all GPIO pins.

4.6.4 Host Interrupt

The CS44600 has a comprehensive interrupt capability. The INT output pin is intended to drive the interrupt input pin on the host microcontroller. The INT pin may be set to be active low, active high or active low with an open-drain driver. This last mode is used for active low, wired-OR hook-ups, with multiple peripherals connected to the microcontroller interrupt input pin.

CS44600

Many conditions can cause an interrupt, as listed in the interrupt status register descriptions. See “Interrupt Status (address 2Ah) (read only)” on pa ge 64. Each source may be masked off through mask register bits. In addition, each source may be set to rising edge, falling edge, or level sensitive . Combined with the option of level sensitive or edge sensitive modes within the microcontroller, many different configurations are possible, depending on the needs of the equipment designer.

DS633F1 37

CS44600

5. POWER SUPPLY, GROUNDING, AND PCB LAYOUT

The CS44600 requires a 2.5 V digital power supply for the core logic. In order to support a number of PWM backend solutions, separate VDP power pins are provided to condition the interface sign als to support up to 5.0 V levels. The VDP power pins control the voltage levels for all PWM interface signals, PSR interface signals and GPIO for control and status.

Extensive use of power and ground planes, ground plane fill in unused areas and surface mount decoupling capacitors are recommended. It is necessary to decouple the power supply by placing capacitors directly between the power and ground of the CS44600. The recommended procedure is to place th e lowest value capacitor as close as physically possible to each power pin. Decoupling capacitors sho uld be a s near to the p ins of the CS44600 as possible, with the low value ceramic capacitor being the nearest and mounted on the same side of the board as the CS44600 to minimize inductance effects.

Figure 27 shows the recommended power su pply decoupling layout. U1 is the CS44600. C2, C3, C6, C8, C10, C12,

C14, and C16 are 0.01 µF X7R capacitors. These should be placed as close as possible to their respective power supply pins. C1, C4, C5, C7, C9, C11, C13, C15, and C17 are 0.1 µF X7R capacitors . C18 is a 10 µF electrolytic capacitor. Top and bottom ground fill should be used as much as possible around all components shown.

Figure 27. Recommended CS44600 Power Supply Decoupling Layout

38 DS633F1

CS44600

Figure 28 shows the recommended crystal circuit layout. U1 is the CS44600. C1 and C2 are the VDX power supply

decoupling capacitors. Y1 is the crystal and C3, C4, L1 and C5 are the associated components for the crystal circuit. L1 and C5 are only used for 3 taken to minimize the distance between the CS44600 XTI/XTO pins and C3. Top and bottom ground fill should be used as much as possible around and in between all crystal circuit components to minimize noise.

overtone crystals. C3 and C4 should have a C0G (NPO) dielectric. Care should be

Figure 28. Recommended CS44600 Crystal Circuit Layout

DS633F1 39

CS44600

Figure 29 shows the recommended PSR circuit layout. See the CS4461 datasheet for further details on the input

buffer and other associated external components. U1 is the CS4461 and U2 is the input buffer op-amp. All supply decoupling should be placed as close as possible to their respective power supply pins. C4 shou ld have a C0G (NPO) dielectric and be placed as close as possible to the CS4461 AIN+/- pins. The CS4461 and input buffer should be placed on the board between the CS44600 an d the high voltag e power su pply. The sens e point of the high voltage power supply (the point at which the input buffer taps off of the high voltage power supply) should be close to the middle of the amplifier output channels. If the sense p oint is taken a t either end of th e amplifier output channels, inaccurate reading could occur due to localized channel disturbances causing noise on the high voltage power supply. Optimally, the high voltage power connecto r should also be placed in the middle of the amplifier output channels

Figure 29. Recommended PSR Circuit Layout

40 DS633F1

5.1 Reset and Power-Up

Reliable power-up can be accomplished by keeping the device in reset until the power supplies, clocks, and configuration pins are stable. It is also recommended that the RST drop below the recommended operating condition to prevent power-glitch- related issues.

CS44600

pin be activated if the voltage supplies

When RST control port and registers. When RST should be loaded into the control registers. Writing a 0 to the PDN bit in the Power Control Register will then cause the part to leave the low-power state and begin operation.

is low, the CS44600 enters a low-power mode and all internal states are reset, including the

is high, the control port becomes operational and the d esired settings

5.1.1 PWM PopGuard® Transient Control

The CS44600 uses PopGuard® technology to minimize the effects of output t ransients during powe r-up and power-down. This technique reduces the audio tran sients commonly produced by half-bridge , singlesupply amplifiers when implemented with external DC-blocking capacitors connected in series with the audio outputs. Each PWM channel can individually be controlled for ramp-up and ramp-down cycles.

When the device is initially powered-up and configured for ramp-up, the PWMOUTxx outputs are clamped to GND. Following a write of a 0 to the PDN_PWMxx bit in the PWM Channel Power Down Control (ad-

dress 03h) register, each output begins to increase the PWM duty cycle toward the bias voltage point. By

a speed set by the RAMP_SPDx bits, the PWMOUTxx outputs will ramp from 0 V (GND) and reach the bias point (50% PWM duty cycle). This gradual voltage ramping allows time for the external DC-blocking capacitor to charge to the bias voltage, minimizing the power-up transient.

To prevent an audible transient at the next power-on , the DC-blocking capacitors must fully discharge before turning off the power. If full discharge does not occur, a transient will occur when the audio outputs are initially clamped to GND.

To prevent transients at power-down, the user must first mute the outputs. When this occurs, audio output ceases and the PWM duty cycle is approximately 50% duty cycle, which represents the mute condition. Once the channels are powered down, the PWMOUTxx outputs slowly decrease the DC offset until it reaches GND. The time required to reach GND is determined by the RAMP_SPDx bits. This allows the DC-blocking capacitors to slowly discharge. Once this charge is dissipated, the power to the device may be turned off, and the system is ready for the next power-on.

5.1.2 Recommended Power-Up Sequence

1. Hold RST low until the power supply and clocks are stable. In this state, all control port registers are

reset to the default settings. The PWMOUTxx pins are driven low.

2. The SYS_CLK pin will output a divided-down clock of the signal attached to the XTI pin. If the MUTE

pin is held low, SYS_CLK is equal to the XTI frequency. If the MUTE is equal to the XTI frequency divided by 2.

3. Bring RST

default value. The logic state of the MUTE SYS_CLK. The control port will be accessible at this time.

4. With the CS44600 in the power-down state, PDN bit is ‘1’b, set up the required PWM configuration

registers and volume control registers. Configure the GPIO pins for normal operation. Do not enable the power stages at this time.

5. Mute all channel outputs by setting the corresponding CHxx_MUTE bits to ‘1’b.

DS633F1 41

high. The device will remain in a low power state and all registers will contain the specified

pin will be latched and used to specify the clock divider for

pin is held high, then SYS_CLK

CS44600

6. When driving a single-ended (half-bridged) power output stage, set the RAMP[1:0] bits to ‘11’b and

the required ramp speed, to initiate a ramp cycle when the channel is powered on. Set MIN_PULSE[4:0] to ‘00000’b.

7. Set the PDN bit to ‘0’b to take the CS44600 out of the power-down state.

8. Start all clocks on the DAI interface (DAI_MCLK, DAI_SCLK, DAI_LRCK). This will initiate the SRC to

begin the lock sequence. The SRC lock function can be configured to cause an interrupt condition when lock has been completed. This will be indicated by an active INT

9. Wait for the SRC to lock.

10.If using the PSR feedback, jump to “Recommended PSR Calibration Sequence” on page 44. When

finished, continue to step 12. If not using PSR feedback, continue to step 12.

11.Set the appropriate GPIO pin, or other control signal, to enable the power output stage.

12.Enable each channel’s PWM modulator by setting the PDN_PWMxx bit to ‘0’b. If full-bridged, go to

step 14. If single-ended (half-bridged), this will initiate a sequence which will slowly increase the DC voltage, from 0V to Vpower÷2, across the AC coupling capacitor. This will eliminate the instantaneous charge across the capacitor which would have caused an audible pop from the speaker.

13.Wait for the ramp-up sequence to complete. The ramp-up function can be configured to cause an

interrupt condition when the ramp period has completed. This will be indicated by an active INT Once the ramp-up sequence has completed, set the RAMP[1:0] bits to ‘01’b

signal.

14.For full-bridged power output stage configurations, the ramp-up sequence is not required. Enabling

the power output stage will not cause an audible pop from the speaker.

15.If using the PSR feedback, set the FEEDBACK_EN bit to ‘1’b.

16.Un-mute all active channels.

17. At this point, the CS44600 is ready to accept audio samples and begin playback.

5.1.3 Recommended PSR Calibration Sequence

1. Set the DEC_SHIFT[2:0]/DEC_SCALE[18:0] coef ficie nt (C

36h = 00h, 37h = 00h).

2. Set the PSR_RESET bit to ‘1’b.

3. Set the PSR_EN bit to ‘1’b.

4. Set the PSR_EN bit to ‘0’b.

5. Read DEC_OUTD[23:0].

6. See Figure 30 to adjust the DEC_SHIFT[2:0]/DEC_SCALE[18:0] registers.

7. Continue Recommended Power-Up Sequence.

) to decimal 1.0 (register 35h = 22h,

PSR

42 DS633F1

CS44600

Set PSR_RESET = 1b

Set PSR_EN = 1b

Set PSR_EN = 0b

Read DEC_OUTD[23:0]

Done

3FEF90h <

DEC_OUTD[23:0] <

400FFFh?

- 9Bh

PSR

DEC_OUTD[23:0] >

Figure 30. PSR Calibration Sequence

5.1.4 Recommended Power-Down Sequence

1. Mute all channel outputs by setting the corresponding CHxx_MUTE bits to ‘1’b.

2. When driving a single-ended (half-bridged) power output stage, set the RAMP[1:0] bits to ‘01’b and

the required ramp speed, to initiate a ramp cycle when the channel is powered down.

3. Power down each channel’s PWM modulator by setting the PDN_PWMxx bit to ‘1’b. If single-ended,

this will initiate a sequence which will slowly decrease the DC voltage, from Vpower÷2 to 0 V, across the AC-coupling capacitor.

4. The ramp-down function can be configured to cause an interrupt condition when the ramp period has

completed. This will be indicated by an active INT

400FFFh?

signal.

+ 9Bh

PSR

5. Once the ramp-down sequence has completed, set the appropriate GPIO pin, o r other control signal,

to power down the power output stage.

6. For full-bridged power output stage configurations, the ramp-down sequence is not required. Powering

down the power output stage will not cause an audible pop from the speaker.

7. Concurrently with the ramp-down sequence, if desired, stop all clocks on the DAI interface

(DAI_MCLK, DAI_SCLK, DAI_LRCK).

8. Set the PDN bit to ‘1’b to put the CS44600 in the power down state.

DS633F1 43

44 DS633F1

6. REGISTER QUICK REFERENCE

Addr Function 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

01h ID / Rev. CHIP_ID3 CHIP_ID2 CHIP_ID1 CHIP_ID0 REV_ID3 REV_ID2 REV_ID1 REV_ID0

page 48 default 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Clock Config / Power

02h

Control page 49. default 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

03h Chnl Power Down

page 50. default 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

04h Misc. Config. DIF2 DIF1 DIF0 RESERVED AM_FREQ_HOP FREEZE DEM1 DEM0

page 51 default 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

05h Ramp Config RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RAMP1 RAMP0 RESERVED RAMP_SPD1 RAMP_SPD0

page 52 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

06h Vol Control Config SNGVOL SZC1 SZC0 RESERVED MUTE_50/50 SRD_ERR SRU_ERR AMUTE

page 53 default 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Master Vol. Control

07h

- Integer page 55 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Master Vol.

08h

Control - Fraction page 55 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Channel A1 Vol.

09h

Control - Integer page 57 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Channel B1 Vol.

0Ah

Control - Integer page 57 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Channel A2 Vol.

0Bh

Control - Integer page 57 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Channel B2 Vol.

0Ch

Control - Integer page 57 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Channel A3 Vol.

0Dh

Control - Integer page 57 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Channel B3 Vol.

0Eh

Control - Integer page 57 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0Fh

Reserved

default

10h

Reserved

default

EN_SYS_CLK SYS_CLK_DIV1 SYS_CLK_DIV0 PWM_MCLK_DIV1 PWM_MCLK_DIV0 PDN_XTAL PDN_OUTPUT_MO

RESERVED RESERVED PDN_PWMB3 PDN_PWMA3 PDN_PWMB2 PDN_PWMA2 PDN_PWMB1 PDN_PWMA1

MSTR_IVOL7 MSTR_IVOL6 MSTR_IVOL5 MSTR_IVOL4 MSTR_IVOL3 MSTR_IVOL2 MSTR_IVOL1 MSTR_IVOL0

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED MSTR_FVOL1 MSTR_FVOL0

CHA1_IVOL7 CHA1_IVOL6 CHA1_IVOL5 CHA1_IVOL4 CHA1_IVOL3 CHA1_IVOL2 CHA1_IVOL1 CHA1_IVOL0

CHB1_IVOL7 CHB1_IVOL6 CHB1_IVOL5 CHB1_IVOL4 CHB1_IVOL3 CHB1_IVOL2 CHB1_IVOL1 CHB1_IVOL0

CHA2_IVOL7 CHA2_IVOL6 CHA2_IVOL5 CHA2_IVOL4 CHA2_IVOL3 CHA2_IVOL2 CHA2_IVOL1 CHA2_IVOL0

CHB2_IVOL7 CHB2_IVOL6 CHB2_IVOL5 CHB2_IVOL4 CHB2_IVOL3 CHB2_IVOL2 CHB2_IVOL1 CHB2_IVOL0

CHA3_IVOL7 CHA3_IVOL6 CHA3_IVOL5 CHA3_IVOL4 CHA3_IVOL3 CHA3_IVOL2 CHA3_IVOL1 CHA3_IVOL0

CHB3_IVOL7 CHB3_IVOL6 CHB3_IVOL5 CHB3_IVOL4 CHB3_IVOL3 CHB3_IVOL2 CHB3_IVOL1 CHB3_IVOL0

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED

00 000000

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED

00 000000

PDN

CS44600

DS633F1 45

Addr Function 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Channel Vol. Con-

11h

trol 1-Fraction page 57. default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Channel Vol. Con-

12h

trol 2-Fraction page 57 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

13h Channel Mute

page 58 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

14h Channel Invert

page 58 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Peak Limiter

15h

Control page 59 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

16h Limiter Attack Rate ARATE7 ARATE6 ARATE5 ARATE4 ARATE3 ARATE2 ARATE1 ARATE0

page 59 default 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

17h Limiter Release Rate RRATE7 RRATE6 RRATE5 RRATE4 RRATE3 RRATE2 RRATE1 RRATE0

page 60 default 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl A1 Comp.

18h

Filter - Coarse Adj page 60 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl A1 Comp.

19h

Filter - Fine Adj page 61 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl B1 Comp.

1Ah

Filter - Coarse Adj page 60 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl B1 Comp.

1Bh

Filter - Fine Adj page 61 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl A2 Comp.

1Ch

Filter - Coarse Adj page 60 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl A2 Comp.

1Dh

Filter - Fine Adj page 61 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl B2 Comp.

1Eh

Filter - Coarse Adj page 60 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl B2 Comp.

1Fh

Filter - Fine Adj page 61 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl A3 Comp.

20h

Filter - Coarse Adj page 60 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

CHB2_FVOL1 CHB2_FVOL0 CHA2_FVOL1 CHA2_FVOL0 CHB1_FVOL1 CHB1_FVOL0 CHA1_FVOL1 CHA1_FVOL0

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_FVOL1 CHB3_FVOL0 CHA3_FVOL1 CHA3_FVOL0

RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_MUTE CHA3_MUTE CHB2_MUTE CHA2_MUTE CHB1_MUTE CHA1_MUTE

RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_INV CHA3_INV CHB2_INV CHA2_INV CHB1_INV CHA1_INV

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED LIMIT_ALL LIMIT_EN

RESERVED RESERVED CHA1_CORS5 CHA1_CORS4 CHA1_CORS3 CHA1_CORS2 CHA1_CORS1 CHA1_CORS0

RESERVED RESERVED CHA1_FINE5 CHA1_FINE4 CHA1_FINE3 CHA1_FINE2 CHA1_FINE1 CHA1_FINE0

RESERVED RESERVED CHB1_CORS5 CHB1_CORS4 CHB1_CORS3 CHB1_CORS2 CHB1_CORS1 CHB1_CORS0

RESERVED RESERVED CHB1_FINE5 CHB1_FINE4 CHB1_FINE3 CHB1_FINE2 CHB1_FINE1 CHB1_FINE0

RESERVED RESERVED CHA2_CORS5 CHA2_CORS4 CHA2_CORS3 CHA2_CORS2 CHA2_CORS1 CHA2_CORS0

RESERVED RESERVED CHA2_FINE5 CHA2_FINE4 CHA2_FINE3 CHA2_FINE2 CHA2_FINE1 CHA2_FINE0

RESERVED RESERVED CHB2_CORS5 CHB2_CORS4 CHB2_CORS3 CHB2_CORS2 CHB2_CORS1 CHB2_CORS0

RESERVED RESERVED CHB2_FINE5 CHB2_FINE4 CHB2_FINE3 CHB2_FINE2 CHB2_FINE1 CHB2_FINE0

RESERVED RESERVED CHA3_CORS5 CHA3_CORS4 CHA3_CORS3 CHA3_CORS2 CHA3_CORS1 CHA3_CORS0

CS44600

46 DS633F1

Addr Function 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Chnl A3 Comp.

21h

Filter - Fine Adj page 61 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl B3 Comp.

22h

Filter - Coarse Adj page 60 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl B3 Comp.

23h

Filter - Fine Adj page 61 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reserved RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED

24h

default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Reserved RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED

25h

default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Reserved RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED

26h

default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Reserved RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED

27h

default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Interrupt Mode

28h

Control page 61 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

29h Interrupt Mask M_SRC_UNLOCK M_SRC_LOCK M_RMPUP_DONE M_RMPDN_DONE M_MUTE_DONE M_OVFL_INT RESERVED RESERVED

page 62 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2Ah Interrupt Status SRC_UNLOCK SRC_LOCK RMPUP_DONE RMPDN_DONE MUTE_DONE OVFL_INT GPIO_INT RESERVED

page 62 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chnl Over Flow Sta-

2Bh

tus page 64 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2Ch GPIO Pin I/O RESERVED GPIO6_I/O GPIO5_I/O GPIO4_I/O GPIO3_I/O GPIO2_I/O GPIO1_I/O GPIO0_I/O

page 64 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GPIO Pin Polar-

2Dh

ity/Type ppage 64 default 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 GPIO Pin Level/Edge

2Eh

trigger page 65 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2Fh GPIO Pin Status RESERVED GPIO6_STATUS GPIO5_STATUS GPIO4_STATUS GPIO3_STATUS GPIO2_STATUS GPIO1_STATUS GPIO0_STATUS

page 65 default X X X X X X X X

30h GPIO Interrupt Mask RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED M_GPIO3 M_GPIO2 M_GPIO1 M_GPIO0

page 66 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

31h PWM Config OSRATE RESERVED RESERVED A1/B1_OUT_CNFG A2/B2_OUT_CNFG A3_OUT_CNFG B3_OUT_CNFG

page 66 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

RESERVED RESERVED CHA3_FINE5 CHA3_FINE4 CHA3_FINE3 CHA3_FINE2 CHA3_FINE1 CHA3_FINE0

RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_CORS5 CHB3_CORS4 CHB3_CORS3 CHB3_CORS2 CHB3_CORS1 CHB3_CORS0

RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_FINE5 CHB3_FINE4 CHB3_FINE3 CHB3_FINE2 CHB3_FINE1 CHB3_FINE0

INT1 INT0 RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED OVFL_L/E

RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_OVFL CHA3_OVFL CHB2_OVFL CHA2_OVFL CHB1_OVFL CHA1_OVFL

RESERVED GPIO6_P/T GPIO5_P/T GPIO4_P/T GPIO3_P/T GPIO2_P/T GPIO1_P/T GPIO0_P/T

RESERVED GPIO6_L/E GPIO5_L/E GPIO4_L/E GPIO3_L/E GPIO2_L/E GPIO1_L/E GPIO0_L/E

CS44600

RESERVED

DS633F1 47

Addr Function 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

PWM Minimum Pulse

32h

Width page 67 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

33h PWMOUT Delay DIFF_DLY2 DIFF_DLY1 DIFF_DLY0 CHNL_DLY4 CHNL_DLY3 CHNL_DLY2 CHNL_DLY1 CHNL_DLY0

page 68 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PSR / Power Supply

34h

Config page 69 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PSR_Decimator

35h

Scaled page 70 default 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 PSR_Decimator

36h

Scaled page 70 default 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 PSR_Decimator

37h

Scaled page 70 default 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0

38h Reserved RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED

default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

39h Reserved RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED

default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3Ah Reserved RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED

default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3Bh PSR_Decimator Outd DEC_OUTD23 DEC_OUTD22 DEC_OUTD21 DEC_OUTD20 DEC_OUTD19 DEC_OUTD18 DEC_OUTD17 DEC_OUT D16

page 71 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3Ch PSR_Decimator Ou td DEC_OUTD15 DEC_OUTD14 DEC_OUTD13 DEC_OUTD12 DEC_OUTD11 DEC_OUTD10 DEC_OUTD09 DEC_OUTD08

page 71 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3Dh PSR_Decimator Ou td DEC_OUTD07 DEC_OUTD06 DEC_OUTD05 DEC_OUTD04 DEC_OUTD03 DEC_OUTD02 DEC_OUTD01 DEC_OUTD00

page 71 default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

DISABLE_

PWMOUTxx-

PSR_EN PSR_RESET FEEDBACK_ EN RESERVED RESERVED PS_SYNC_DIV2 PS_SYNC_DIV1 PS_SYNC_DIV0

RESERVED DEC_SHIFT2 DEC_SHIFT1 DEC_SHIFT0 RESERVED DEC_SCALED18 DEC_SCALED17 DEC_SCALED16

DEC_SCALED15 DEC_SCALED14 DEC_SCALED13 DEC_SCALED12 DEC_SCALED11 DEC_SCALED10 DEC_SCALED09 DEC_SCALED08

DEC_SCALED07 DEC_SCALED06 DEC_SCALED05 DEC_SCALED04 DEC_SCALED03 DEC_SCALED02 DEC_SCALED01 DEC_SCALED00

RESERVED RESERVED MIN_PULSE4 MIN_PULSE3 MIN_PULSE2 MIN_PULSE1 MIN_PULSE0

CS44600

7. REGISTER DESCRIPTION

All registers are read/write except for I.D. and Revision Register, Interrupt Status and Decimator OutD registers which are read only. See the following bit definition tables for bit assignment information. The default state of each bit after a power-up sequence or reset is listed in each bit description.

7.1 Memory Address Pointer (MAP)

Not a register

76543210

INCR MAP6 MAP5 MAP4 MAP3 MAP2 MAP1 MAP0

7.1.1 Increment (INCR)

Default = 1

Function: memory address pointer auto increment control

– 0 - MAP is not incremented automatically. – 1 - Internal MAP is automatically incremented after each read or write.

7.1.2 Memory Address Pointer (MAPx)

Default = 0000001

Function: Memory address pointer (MAP). Sets the register address that will be read or written by the control port.

7.2 CS44600 I.D. and Revision Register (address 01h) (Read Only)

76543210

CHIP_ID3 CHIP_ID2 CHIP_ID1 CHIP_ID0 REV_ID3 REV_ID2 REV_ID1 REV_ID0

7.2.1 Chip I.D. (Chip_IDx)

Default = 1101

Function: I.D. code for the CS44600. Permanently set to 1101.

7.2.2 Chip Revision (Rev_IDx)

Default = 0001

Function: CS44600 revision level. Revision A is coded as 0001.

48 DS633F1

CS44600

7.3 Clock Configuration and Power Control (address 02h)

76 5 4 3 2 10

EN_SYS_CLK SYS_CLK_DIV1 SYS_CLK_DIV0 PWM_MCLK_DIV1 PWM_MCLK_DIV0 PDN_XTAL PDN_OUTPUT_MODE PDN

7.3.1 Enable SYS_CLK Output (E N_SYS_CLK)

Default = 1

Function: This bit enables the driver for the SYS_CLK signal. If the SYS_CLK output is unused, this bit should be

set to ‘0’b to disable the driver.

7.3.2 SYS_CLK Clock Divider Settings (SYS_CLK_DI V[1:0])

Default = 00

Function: These two bits determine the divider for the XTAL clock signal for generating the SYS_CLK signal. During

a reset condition, with the RST divider used for the SYS_CLK output. If MUTE the clock frequency on XTI by a factor of 1. If the MUTE set to perform a divide-by-2 on the XTI clock. The state of the MUTE of the RST

. The MUTE pin can then be used as defined.

input pin held low, the logic level on the MUTE input pin will determine the

is pulled low, the SYS_CLK divider will be set to divide

pin is pulled high, the SYS_CLK output will be

pin will be latched on the rising edge

SYS_CLK_DIV[1:0] SYS_CLK Clock Divider

00 Use state of MUTE

01 Divide by 2 10 Divide by 4 1 1 Divide by 8

input pin following RST

condition

7.3.3 PWM Master Clock Divider Settings (PWM_MCLK_DIV[1:0])

Default = 00

Function: These two bits determine the divider for the XTAL clock signal for generating the PWM_MCLK signal.

PWM_MCLK_DIV[1:0] PWM Master Clock

Divider

00 Divide by 1 01 Divide by 2 10 Divide by 4 1 1 Divide by 8

7.3.4 Power Down XTAL (PDN_XTAL)

Default = 0

0 - Crystal Oscillator Circuit is running. 1 - Crystal Oscillator Circuit is powered down. Function:

This bit is used to power down the crystal oscillator circuitry when not being used. When using a clock signal attached to the XTI input, this bit should be set to ‘1’b.

DS633F1 49

7.3.5 Power Down Output Mode (PDN_OUTPUT_MODE)

Default = 0

0 - PWM Outputs are driven low during power down 1 - PWM Outputs are driven to the inactive state during power down Function:

This bit is used to select the power-down state of the PWM output signals. When set to 0, each channel which has been powered down, following the ramp-down cycle if enabled, will drive the output signals, PWMOUTxx+ and PWMOUTxx-, low.

When set to 1, each channel which has been powered down, following the ramp-down cycle if enabled, will drive the output signals to the inactive state. PWMOUTxx+ is driven low and PWMOUTxx- is driven high.

7.3.6 Power Down (PDN)

Default = 1

0 - Normal Operation 1 - Power down

Function: The entire device will enter a low-power state when this function is enabled, and the contents of the control

registers are retained in this mode. The power-down bit defaults to ‘enabled’ on power-up and must be disabled before normal operation can occur.

CS44600

7.4 PWM Channel Power Down Control (address 03h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED PDN_PWMB3 PDN_PWMA3 PDN_PWMB2 PDN_PWMA2 PDN_PWMB1 PDN_PWMA1

7.4.1 Power Down PWM Channels (PDN_PWMB3:PDN_PWMA1)

Default = 11111111

0 - Normal Operation 1 - Power down PWM channel

Function: The specific PWM channel is in the power-down state. All processing is halted for the specific channel,

but does not alter the setup or delay register values. The PWM output signals are driven to the appropriate logic level as defined by the Power-Down Output Mode bit, PDN_OUTPUT_MODE. When set to normal operation, the specific channel will power up according to the state of the RAMP[1:0] bits and the channel output configuration selected. When transitioning from normal op eration to power down, the specific channel will power down according to the state of the RAMP[1:0] bits and the channel output configuration selected. Ramp control is found in “Ramp Configuration (address 05h)” on page 54.

50 DS633F1

CS44600

7.5 Misc. Configuration (address 04h)

7654 3210

DIF2 DIF1 DIF0 RESERVED AM_FREQ_HOP FREEZE DEM1 DEM0

7.5.1 Digital Interface Format (DIFX)

Default = 001

Function: These bits select the digital inte rface format used f or the DAI Serial Port. The r equired relationship be-

tween the Left/Right clock, serial clock, and serial data is defined by the Digital Interface Format and the options are detailed in Figures 17 - 22.

DIF2 DIF1 DIF0 Description Figure

0 0 0 Left-Justified, up to 24-bit data 18 0 0 1 I²S, up to 24-bit data 17 0 1 0 Right-Justified, 16-bit data 19 0 1 1 Right-Justified, 24-bit data 19 1 0 0 One-Line mode #1, 20-bit data 20 1 0 1 One-Line mode #2, 24-bit data 21 1 1 0 TDM Mode, up to 32-bit data 22

Table 5. Digital Audio Interface Formats

7.5.2 AM Frequency Hopping (AM_FREQ_HOP)

Default = 0

Function: Enables the modulator to alter the PWM switch timings to remove interfer ence when the desired frequen-

cy from an AM tuner is positioned near the PWM switching rate. The PWM modulator circuitry must first be powered down using the PDN bit in the Clock Conf iguration and Power Control (address 02h) Register before this feature can be enabled. There will be a delay following the power-up sequence due to the relocking of the SRC. Once this feature is enabled, the output switch rate is divided by 2.25, resulting in a lowered PWM switch rate. Care should be taken to ensure that:

PWM_MCLK / 16 > the upper frequency limit of the AM tuner used

7.5.3 Freeze Controls (FREEZE)

Default = 0

Function: This function will freeze the previous output of, and allow modifications to be made to the Master Volume

Control (address 07h-08h), Channel XX Volume Control (add ress 09h-12h) , and Channel Mu te (address 13h) registers without the changes taking effect until the FREEZE bit is disabled. To make multiple changes in these control port registers take effect simultaneously, enable the FREEZE bit, make all register changes, then disable the FREEZE bit.

DS633F1 51

CS44600

7.5.4 De-Emphasis Control (DEM[1:0])

Default = 00

00 - no de-emphasis 01 - 32 kHz de-emphasis filter 10 - 44.1 kHz de-emphasis filter 11 - 48 kHz de-emphasis filter Function:

Enables the appropriate digit al filter to maintain the stan dard 15 ms/50 ms digital de-emphasis filter response.

7.6 Ramp Configuration (address 05h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RAMP1 RAMP0 RESERVED RAMP_SPD1 RAMP_SPD0

7.6.1 Ramp-Up/Down Setting (RAMP[1:0])

Default = 00

00 - Ramp-up and ramp-down are disabled 01 - Ramp-up is disabled. Ramp-down is enabled. 10 - Reserved 11 - Ramp-up and ramp-down are enabled. Note that after a ramp-u p sequence has completed, audio will not play until RAMP[1:0] is set to 01.

Function: When ramping is enabled, the duty cy cle of th e ou tp ut PWM sig n al is in crea sed ( ra m p- up ) or de cr ea se d

(ramp-down) at a rate determined by the Ra mp Speed variable (RA MP_SPDx). This function is used in single-ended applications to reduce pops in the output caused by the DC-blocking capacitor. When the ramp-up/down function is disabled in single-ended applications, there will be a n abrupt change in the output signal. Refer to Section 5.1.1 .

If ramp-up or down is not needed, as in a full-bridge application, these bits should be set to 00. If rampup or down is needed, as in a single-ended half-bridge application, these bits must be used in the proper sequence as outlined in “Recommended Power-Up Sequence” on page 43 and “Recommended Power-

Down Sequence” on page 45.

7.6.2 Ramp Speed (RAMP_SPD[1:0])

Default = 01

00 - Ramp speed = approximately 0.1 seconds 01 - Ramp speed = approximately 0.2 seconds 10 - Ramp speed = approximately 0.3 seconds 11 - Ramp speed = approximately 0.65 seconds

Function: This feature is used in single-ended applications to reduce pops in the output caused by the DC-blocking

capacitor. The Ramp Speed sets th e time for the PW M signal to lin early ramp-up a nd down fr om the bia s point (50% PWM duty cycle). Refer to Section 5.1.1

52 DS633F1

CS44600

7.7 Volume Control Configuration (address 06h)

76543210

SNGVOL SZC1 SZC0 RESERVED MUTE_50/50 SRD_ERR SRU_ERR AMUTE

7.7.1 Single Volume Control (SNGVOL)

Default = 0

Function: The individual channel volume levels are independently contro lled by their respective Volume Control reg-

isters when this function is disabled . When enabled, the volume on all channels is determined by the A1 Channel Volume Control register. The other Volume Control registers are ignored.

7.7.2 Soft Ramp and Zero Cross Control (SZC[1:0])

Default = 10

00 - Immediate Change 01 - Zero Cross 10 - Soft Ramp 11 - Soft Ramp on Zero Crossings Function:

Immediate Change When Immediate Change is selected, all level changes will take effect immediately in one step. Zero Cross Zero Cross Enable dictates that signal level changes, either by attenuation changes or muting, will occur

on a signal zero crossing to minimize audible artifacts. The requested level change will occur after a timeout period (approximately 18.7 ms for a PWM switch rate of 384/768 kHz and 17.0 ms for a PWM switch rate of 421.875/843.75 kHz) if the signal does not encounter a zero crossing. The zero cross function is independently monitored and implemented for each channel.

Soft Ramp Soft Ramp allows level changes, both muting and attenuation, to be implemente d by incrementally ramp-

ing, in 1/8 dB steps, from the current level to the new level at a rate of 1 dB per 8 left/right clock periods. Soft Ramp on Zero Crossing Soft Ramp and Zero Cross Enable dictates that signal level changes, either by attenuation changes or

muting, will occur in 1/8-dB steps and be implemented on a signal zero crossing. The 1/8-dB level change will occur after a timeout period (approximately 18.7 ms for a PWM switch rate of 384/768 kHz and

17.0 ms for a PWM switch rate of 421.875/843.75 kHz) if the signal does not encounter a zero crossing. The zero cross function is independently monitored and implemented for each channel.

7.7.3 Enable 50% Duty Cycle for Mute Condition (MUTE_50/50)

Default = 0

0 - Disabled 1 - Enabled

Function: This bit enables the modulator to output an exact 50%-duty-cycle PWM signal (not modulated), which cor-

responds to digital silence, for all mute conditions. The muting function is affected, similar to volume con-

DS633F1 53

trol changes, by the Soft and Zero Cross bits (SZC[1:0]). This bit does not cause a mute condition to occur. The MUTE_50/50 bit only defines operation during a normal mute condition.

When MUTE_50/50 is set and a mute condition occurs, PSR will not affect the output of the modulator, regardless if PSR is enabled. Output noise may be increased in this case if the noise on the high voltage power supply is greater than the system noise. Theref ore, it is recommended that if a noisy power supp ly is used in a single-ended half-bridg e configuration with PSR enabled, MUTE_50/50 should be disabled and a normal, modulated mute should be used. This will allow the modulator to use the PSR feedback to reject power supply noise and improve system performance.

7.7.4 Soft Ramp-Down on Interface Error (SRD_ERR)

Default = 0

0 - Disabled 1 - Enabled Function:

A mute will be performed upon detection of a timing error on the Digital Audio Interface or if an SRC_LOCK error has occurred. An SRC_LOCK interrupt is an indication that the sample rate converter timings have become unstable, or have changed abruptly. Audio data from the SRC is no longer considered valid and could cause unwanted pops or clicks.

When this feature is enabled, this mute is affected, similar to attenuation changes, by the Soft and Zero Cross bits (SZC[1:0]). When disabled, an immediate mute is performed on detection of an error.

CS44600

Note: For best results, it is recommended that this bit be used in conjunction with the SRU_ERR bit.

7.7.5 Soft Ramp-Up on Recovered Interface Erro r (SRU_ERR)

Default = 0

0 - Disabled 1 - Enabled Function:

An un-mute will be performed after a MCLK/LRCK ratio change, recovered DAI timing error, or after the SRC has gained lock. When this feature is enabled, this un-mute is af fected, similar to attenua tion changes, by the Soft and Zero Cross bits (SZC[1:0]). When disabled, an immediate un-mute is performed in these instances.

Note: For best results, it is recommended that this bit be used in conjunction with the SRD_ERR bit.

7.7.6 Auto-Mute (AMUTE)

Default = 1

0 - Disabled 1 - Enabled Function:

The PWM converters of the CS44600 will mute the output following the reception of 8192 consecutive audio samples of static 0 or -1. A single sample of non-static data will release the mute. Detection and muting is done independently for each channel. The muting function is affected, sim ilar to volume con trol changes, by the Soft and Zero Cross bits (SZC[1:0]).

54 DS633F1

CS44600

7.8 Master Volume Control - Integer (address 07h)

76543210

MSTR_IVOL7 MSTR_IVOL6 MSTR_IVOL5 MSTR_IVOL4 MSTR_IVOL3 MSTR_IVOL2 MSTR_IVOL1 MSTR_IVOL0

7.8.1 Master Volume Control - Integer (MSTR_IVOL[7:0])

Default = 00000000

Function: The Master Volume Control - In teger registe r allows gl obal control of the signal levels on all channels in

1 dB increments from +24 to -127 dB. Volume settings are decoded as shown in Table 6. The volume changes are implemented as specified by the Soft and Zero Cross bits (SZC[1:0]). All volume settings greater than 00011000b are equivalent to +24 dB. Binary values for integer volume settings less than 0 dB are in two’s complement form.

MSTR_IVOL[7:0] Hex Value Volume Setting

0001 1000 18 +24 dB

0001 0111 17 +23 dB 0000 0001 01 +1 dB 0000 0000 00 0 dB

1111 1111 FF -1 dB 1111 1110 FE -2 dB

1000 0001 81 -127 dB

T a ble 6. Master Integer Volume Settings

7.9 Master Volume Control - Fraction (address 08h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED MSTR_FVOL1 MSTR_FVOL0

7.9.1 Master Volume Control - Fraction (MSTR_FVOL[1:0])

Default = 00

00 - +0.00 dB 01 - +0.25 dB 10 - +0.50 dB 11 - +0.75 dB

Function: The Master Volume Control - Fraction register is an additional offset to the value in the Master Volume

Control - Integer register and allows global control of the signal levels on all channels in 0.25 dB increments. Volume settings are decoded as shown in Table 7. These volume changes are implemented as specified by the Soft and Zero Cross bits (SZC[1:0]). All volume settings greater than 00011000b are equivalent to +24 dB. Binary values for integer and fractional volume settings less than 0 dB are in two’s complement form.

To calculate from a positive decimal integer:fraction value to a binary positive integer:fraction value, do the following:

1. Convert the decimal integer to binary. This is MSTR_IVOL[7:0].

2. Select the bit representation of the desired 0.25 fractional increment. This is MSTR_FVOL[1:0]. To calculate from a negative de cimal integer:fraction valu e to a binary, 2’s complem ent integer:fraction

value, do the following:

DS633F1 55

CS44600

1. Convert the decimal integer to binary. This is MSTR_IVOL[7:0].

2. Select the bit representation of the desired 0.25 fractional increment. This is MSTR_FVOL[1:0].

3. Concatenate MSTR_IVOL[7:0]: MSTR_FVOL[1:0] to form a 10-bit binary value.

4. Perform a 2’s complement conversion on all 10 bits. The upper 8 bits are now the new MSTR_FVOL[7:0] and the two lower bits are MSTR_FVOL[1:0].

To convert from a 2’s complement integer:fraction value to a negative decimal, do the following:

1. Conc atenate MSTR_IVOL[7:0]: MSTR_FVOL[ 1:0] to form a 10-bit binary value.

2. Perform a 2’s complement conversion on all 10 bits.

3. Convert the 10-bit binary number to a decimal value.

4. Divide the decimal value by 4.

MSTR_IVOL[7:0] MSTR_FVOL(1:0) Volume Setting

0001 1000 00 +24.00 dB 0001 0111 10 +23.50 dB 0000 0001 11 +1.75 dB 0000 0001 00 +1.00 dB 0000 0000 01 +0.25 dB 0000 0000 00 0 dB

1111 1111 10 -0.50 dB 1111 1111 00 -1.00 dB 1111 1110 11 -1.25 dB

1111 1101 10 -2.50 dB 1000 0010 00 -126.00 dB 1000 0001 11 -126.25 dB 1000 0001 00 -127.00 dB

Table 7. Master Fractional Volume Settings

56 DS633F1

CS44600

7.10 Channel XX Volume Control - Integer (addresses 09h - 0Eh)

76543210

CHXX_IVOL7 CHXX_IVOL6 CHXX_IVOL5 CHXX_IVOL4 CHXX_IVOL3 CHXX_IVOL2 CHXX_IVOL1 CHXX_IVOL0

7.10.1 Channel Volume Control - Integer (CHXx_IVOL[7:0])

Default = 00000000

Function: The Channel X Volume Control - Integer register allows global control of the signal levels on all channels

in 1 dB increments from +24 to -127 dB. Volume settings are decoded as shown in Table 6. The volume changes are implemented as specified by the Soft and Zero Cross bits (SZC[1:0]. All volume settings greater than 00011000b are equivalent to +24 dB. Binary values for integer volume settings less than 0 dB are in two’s complement form.

CHXX_IVOL[7:0] Hex Value Volume Setting

0001 1000 18 +24 dB 0001 0111 17 +23 dB 0000 0001 01 +1 dB 0000 0000 00 0 dB

1111 1111 FF -1 dB

1111 1110 FE -2 dB 1000 0001 81 -127 dB

Table 8. Channel Integer Volume Settings

7.11 Channel XX Volume Control1 - Fraction (address 11h)

76543210

CHB2_FVOL1 CHB2_FVOL0 CHA2_FVOL1 CHA2_FVOL0 CHB1_FVOL1 CHB1_FVOL0 CHA1_FVOL1 CHA1_FVOL0

7.12 Channel XX Volume Control2 - Fraction (address 12h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_FVOL1 CHB3_FVOL0 CHA3_FVOL1 CHA3_FVOL0

7.12.1 Channel Volume Control - Fraction (CHXX_FVOL[1:0])

Default = 00

00 - +0.00 dB 01 - +0.25 dB 10 - +0.50 dB 11 - +0.75 dB

Function: The Channel X Volume Control - Fraction register is an additional offset to the value in the Channel Vol-

ume Control - Integer register and allows global control of the signal levels on all channels in 0.25 dB increments. Volume settings are decoded as shown in Table 7. These volume changes are implemented as specified by the Soft and Zero Cross bits (SZC[1:0]). All volume settings greater than 00011000b are equivalent to +24 dB. Binary values for integer and fractional volume settings less than 0 dB are in two’s complement form.

See “Master Volume Control - Fraction (address 08h)” on page 57 for hints o n converting decimal nu mbers to 2’s complement binary values.

DS633F1 57

CS44600

CHXX_IVOL[7:0] CHXX_FVOL(1:0) Volume Setting

0001 1000 00 +24.00 dB 0001 0111 10 +23.50 dB 0000 0001 11 +1.75 dB 0000 0001 00 +1.00 dB 0000 0000 01 +0.25 dB 0000 0000 00 0 dB

1111 1111 10 -0.50 dB

1111 1111 00 -1.00 dB

1111 1110 11 -1.25 dB

1111 1101 10 -2.50 dB 1000 0010 00 -126.00 dB 1000 0001 11 -126.25 dB 1000 0001 00 -127.00 dB

Table 9. Channel Fractional Volume Settings

7.13 Channel Mute (address 13h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_MUTE CHA3_MUTE CHB2_MUTE CHA2_MUTE CHB1_MUTE CHA1_MUTE

7.13.1 Independent Channel Mute (CHXX_MUTE)

Default = 0

0 - Disabled 1 - Enabled Function:

The PWM outputs of the CS44600 will mute when enabled. The muting function is affected, similar to attenuation changes, by the Soft and Zero Cross bits (SZC[1:0]).

7.14 Channel Invert (address 14h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_INV CHA3_INV CHB2_INV CHA2_INV CHB1_INV CHA1_INV

7.14.1 Invert Signal Polarity (CHXX_INV)

Default = 0

0 - Disabled 1 - Enabled Function:

When enabled, these bits will invert the signal polarity of their respective channels.

58 DS633F1

CS44600

7.15 Peak Limiter Control Register (address 15h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED LIMIT_ALL LIMIT_EN

7.15.1 Peak Signal Limit All Channels (LIMIT_ALL)

Default = 0

0 - individual channel 1 - all channels

Function: When set to 0, the peak signal limiter will limit the maximum signal amplitude to prevent clipping on the

specific channel indicating clipping. The other channels will not be affected. When set to 1, the peak signal limiter will limit the maximum signal amplitude to prevent clipping on ALL

channels in response to ANY single channel indicating clipping.

7.15.2 Peak Signal Limiter Enable (LIMIT_EN)

Default = 0

0 - Disabled 1 - Enabled

Function: The CS44600 will limit the maximum signal amplitude to prevent clipping when this function is enabled.

Peak Signal Limiting is performed by digital attenuation. The attack rate is determined by the Limiter Attack Rate register.

7.16 Limiter Attack Rate (address 16h)

76543210

ARATE7 ARATE6 ARATE5 ARATE4 ARATE3 ARATE2 ARATE1 ARATE0

7.16.1 Attack Rate (ARATE[7:0])

Default = 00010000 Function: The limiter attack rate is user selectable. The effective rate is a function of the SRC output sampling fre-

quency and the value in the Limiter Attack Rate register. Rates are calculated using the function RATE = (32/{value})/SRC Fs, where {value} is the decimal value in the Limiter Attack Rate register and SRC Fs is the output sample rate of the SRC which is determined by the PWM master clock frequency. SRC Fs equals 384 kHz for 24.576 MHz based clocks and 421.875 kHz for 27.000 MHz based clocks.

Note: A value of zero in this register is not recommended, as it will induce erratic behavior of the limiter. Use the LIM_EN bit to disable the limiter function (see Peak Limiter Control Register (address 15h)).

DS633F1 59

CS44600

Binary Code Decimal Value Attack Rate - 384 kHz

(µs per

00000001 1 83.33 75.852 00010100 20 4.167 3.793 00101000 40 2.083 1.896

00111100 60 1.389 1.264

01011010 90 0.926 0.843

Table 10. Limiter Attack Rate Settings

/8dB)

7.17 Limiter Release Rate (address 17h)

76543210

RRATE7 RRATE6 RRATE5 RRATE4 RRATE3 RRATE2 RRATE1 RRATE0

7.17.1 Release Rate (RRATE[7:0])

Default = 00100000

Function: The limiter release rate is user selectable. The effective rate is a function of the SRC output sampling fr e-

quency and the value in the Release Rate register. Rates are calculated using the function RATE = (512/{value})/SRC Fs, where {value} is the decimal value in the Release Rate register and SRC Fs is the output sample rate of the SRC which is determined by the PWM master clock frequency. SRC Fs equals 384 kHz for 24.576 MHz based clocks and 421.875 kHz for 27.000 MHz based clocks.

Attack Rate - 421.875 kHz

(µs per1/8dB)

Note: A value of zero in this register is not recommended, as it will induce erratic behavior of the limiter.

Use the LIM_EN bit to disable the limiter function (see Peak Limiter Control Register (address 15h)).

Binary Code Decimal Value Release Rate - 384 kHz

(µs per

00000001 1 1333.333 1213.630 00010100 20 66.667 60.681 00101000 40 33.333 30.341

00111100 60 22.222 20.227

01011010 90 14.815 13.485

Table 11. Limiter Release Rate Settings

/8dB)

Release Rate - 421.875 kHz

(µs per1/8dB)

7.18 Chnl XX Load Compensation Filter - Coarse Adjust (addresses 18h, 1Ah, 1Ch, 1Eh, 20h, 22h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED CHXX_CORS5 CHXX_CORS4 CHXX_CORS3 CHXX_CORS2 CHXX_CORS1 CHXX_CORS0

7.18.1 Channel Compensation Filter - Coarse Adjust (CHXX_CORS[5:0])

Default = 000000

Function: The Channel Load Compensation Filter Coarse Adjustment settings control the amount of attenuation of

this single-pole filter and are used in conjunction with the Fine Adjustment bits to compensate for speaker impedance load variations. Each PWM channel is controlled by an associated register. The coarse adjustment bits will attenuate the audio response curve according to the table below in 0.1 dB increments. Filter setting values less than -4.0 dB will cause the PWM output to mute.

60 DS633F1

CS44600

CHXX_CORS[5:0] Coarse Filter Setting

000000 0 dB 000001 -0.1 dB 001010 -1.0 dB 011001 -2.5 dB 100000 -3.2 dB 101000 -4.0 dB

Table 12. Channel Load Compensation Filter Coarse Adjust

7.19 Chnl XX Load Compensation Filter - Fine Adjust (addresses 19h, 1Bh, 1Dh, 1Fh, 21h, 23h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED CHXX_FINE5 CHXX_FINE4 CHXX_FINE3 CHXX_FINE2 CHXX_FINE1 CHXX_FINE0

7.19.1 Channel Compensation Filter - Fine Adjust (CHXX_FINE[5:0])

Default = 000000

Function: The Channel Load Compensation Filter Fine Adjustment settings control the amount of attenuation of this

single-pole filter which follows the Coarse Adjustment Compensatio n Filter. These bits are used in conjunction with the Coarse Adjustment bits to fine tune the total frequency response of the system to compensate for speaker impedance load variations. Each PWM channel is controlled by an associated register. The fine adjustment bits will attenuate the audio response curve according to the table below in

0.1 dB increments. Filter setting values less than -4.0 dB will cause the PWM output to mute.

CHXX_FINE[5:0] Fine Filter Setting

000000 0 dB 000001 -0.1 dB 001010 -1.0 dB 011001 -2.5 dB 100000 -3.2 dB 101000 -4.0 dB

Table 13. Channel Load Compensation Filter Fine Adjust

7.20 Interrupt Mode Control (address 28h)

76543210

INT1 INT0 RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED OVFL_L/E

7.20.1 Interrupt Pin Control (INT1/INT0)

Default = 00 00 - Active high, high output indicates interrupt condition has occurred 01 - Active low, low output indicates an interrupt condition has occurred 10 - Open drain, active low. Requires an external pull-up resistor on the INT pin. 11 - Reserved

Function: Determines how the interrupt pin (INT) will indicate an interrupt condition. If any of the mask bits in the

Interrupt Mask Register are set to a 1b, re ad the Interrupt Status Register to determine which condition caused the interrupt.

DS633F1 61

CS44600

7.20.2 Overflow Level/Edge Select (OVFL_L/E)

Default = 0

Function: This bit defines the OVFL interrupt type (0 = level sensitive, 1 = edge trigger). The Over Flow status of all

the audio channels when configured as “edge trigger” is cleared by reading the Channel Over Flow Status (address 2Bh) (Read Only), and by reset. After a Reset this bit defaults to 0b, specifying “l evel sensitive”.

7.21 Interrupt Mask (address 29h)

765 4 3210

M_SRC_UNLOCK M_SRC_LOCK M_RMPUP_DONE M_RMPDN_DONE M_MUTE_DONE M_OVFL_INT RESERVED RESERVED

Default = 00000000

Function: The bits of this register serve as a mask for the interrupt sources found in the Interrupt Status register. If a

mask bit is set to 1b, the interrupt is unmasked, meaning that its occurrence will affect the INT pin and the Interrupt Status register. If a ma sk b it is se t to 0b , the condition is masked, meaning that its occurrence will not affect the INT pin. The bit positions align with the corresponding bits in the Interrupt Status register. The mask bits for the GPIO_INT interrupt are located in the GPIO Interrupt Mask Register.

7.22 Interrupt Status (address 2Ah) (Read Only)

7 6 5 4 3210

SRC_UNLOCK SRC_LOCK RMPUP_DONE RMPDN_DONE MUTE_DONE OVFL_INT GPIO_INT RESERVED

For all bits in this register, a ‘1’ means the associated interrupt condition has occurred at leas t once since the register was last read. A ‘0’ means the associated interrupt condition has NOT occurred since the last reading of the register. Reading the register resets the SRC_UNLOCK, SRC_LOCK, RMPUP_DONE, RMPDN_DONE and MUTE_DONE bits to 0. These bits are considered “edge-trigger” interrupts.

The OVFL_INT and GPIO_INT bits will not reset to 0 by reading this register. The OVFL_INT bit will be set to 0 by a read to the “Channel Over Flow Status (address 2Bh) (Read Only)” on page 66 only when the interrupt type is set to “edge-trigger”. The GPIO_INT bit will be set to 0 by a read to the “GPIO Status Register

(address 2Fh)” on page 67 only when the interrupt type is set to “edge trigger”. If either of these interrupt

types are configured as “level sensitive”, then reading the appropriate status register will not clear the corresponding status bit in this register. OVFL_INT or GPIO_INT will remain set as long as the logic active level is present. Once the level is cleared, then a read to the proper status register will clear the status bit.

7.22.1 SRC Unlock Interrupt (SRC_UNLOCK)

Default = 0

Function: When high, indicates that the DAI interface has detected an error condition and/or the SRC has lost lock.

Conditions which cause the SRC to loose lock, such as loss of DAI_LRCK, DAI_MCLK or a DAI_LRCK/ DAI_MCLK ratio change, will cause an interrupt condition. This interrupt is an edge-triggered event.

If this bit is set to a 1b, indicating an unlock condition, and an SRC_LOCK interrupt is detected, then this bit will be reset to 0b before a read of the Interrupt Status Register. Only the last valid state of the SRC will be reported.

62 DS633F1

7.22.2 SRC Lock Interrupt (SRC_LOCK)

Default = 0

Function: When high, indicates that on all active channels, the sample rate converters have achieved lock. This

interrupt is an edge-triggered event. If this bit is set to a 1b, indicating a lock condition, and an SRC_UNLOCK condition is detected, then this

bit will be reset to 0b before a read of the Interrupt Status Register. Only the last valid state of the SRC will be reported.

7.22.3 Ramp-Up Complete Interrupt (RMPUP_DONE)

Default = 0

Function: When high, indicates that all active channels have completed the configured ramp-up interval.

7.22.4 Ramp-Down Complete Interrupt (RMPDN_DONE)

Default = 0

Function:

CS44600

When high, indicates that all active channels have completed the configured ramp-down interval.

7.22.5 Mute Complete Interrupt (Mute_DONE)

Default = 0

Function: When high, indicates that all muted channels have completed the mute cycle-do wn interval as de fined by

the SZC[1:0] bits in the “Volume Control Configuration (address 06h)” on page 55.

7.22.6 Channel Over Flow Interrupt (OVFL_INT)

Default = 0

Function: When high, indicates that the magnitude of an output sample on one of the channels has exceeded full

scale and has been clipped to positive or negative full scale as appropriate. This bit is the logical OR of all the bits in the Channel Over Flow Status Register. Read the Channel Over Flow Status Register to determine which channel(s) had the overflow condition.

7.22.7 GPIO Interrupt Condition (GPIO_INT)

Default = 0

Function: When high, indicates that a transition as configured on one of the un-masked GPIO pins has occurred.

This bit is the logical OR of all the supported un-masked bits in the GPIO Status Register. Read the GPIO Status Register to determine which GPIO input(s) caused the interrupt condition. The GPIO interrupt is not removed by reading this register. The GPIO Status Register must be read to clear this interrupt. If the GPIO input is configured as “edge trigger” the interrupt will clear. If the GPIO input is configured as “level sensitive”, the interrupt condition will remain as long as the GPIO input remains at the active level.

DS633F1 63

CS44600

7.23 Channel Over Flow Status (address 2Bh) (Read Only)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED CHB3_OVFL CHA3_OVFL CHB2_OVFL CHA2_OVFL CHB1_OVFL CHA1_OVFL

For all bits in this register, a ‘1’ means the associated condition has occurred at least once since the register was last read. A ‘0’ means the associated condition has NOT occurred since the last reading of the register. Reading the register resets all bits to 0 if the Overflow Level/Edge interrupt type is set to “edge trigger”. These channel overflow status bits are not effected by the interrupt mask bit, M_OVFL_INT. The ove rflow condition of each channel can be polled instead of generating an interrupt as required.

7.23.1 ChXX_OVFL

Default = 0

Function: When high, indicates that the magnitude of the current output sample on the associated channel ha s ex-

ceeded full scale and has been clipped to positive or negative full scale as appropriate.

7.24 GPIO Pin In/Out (address 2Ch)

76543210

RESERVED GPIO6_I/O GPIO5_I/O GPIO4_I/O GPIO3_I/O GPIO2_I/O GPIO1_I/O GPIO0_I/O

7.24.1 GPIO In/Out Selection (GPIOX_I/O)

Default = 0 0 - General Purpose Input 1 - General Purpose Output

Function: General Purpose Input General Purpose Output

- The pin is configured as an input.

- The pin is configured as a general purpose output.

7.25 GPIO Pin Polarity/Type (address 2Dh)

76543210

RESERVED GPIO6_P/T GPIO5_P/T GPIO4_P/T GPIO3_P/T GPIO2_P/T GPIO1_P/T GPIO0_P/T

7.25.1 GPIO Polarity/Type Selection (GPIOX_P/T)

Default = 1

Function: General Purpose Input

Low, 1 = Active High). General Purpose Output

output type (0 = CMOS, 1 = OPEN-DRAIN).

- If the pin is configured as an input, this bit defines the input polarity (0 = Active

- If the pin is configured as a general purpose output, this bit defines the GPIO

64 DS633F1

CS44600

7.26 GPIO Pin Level/Edge Trigger (address 2Eh)

76543210

RESERVED GPIO6_L/E GPIO5_L/E GPIO4_L/E GPIO3_L/E GPIO2_L/E GPIO1_L/E GPIO0_L/E

7.26.1 GPIO Level/Edge Input Sensitive (GPIOX_L/E)

Default = 0

Function: General Purpose Inpu

a GPIO pin is configured as an input. The GPIO pin status of an input configured as “edge trigger” is cleared by reading the GPIO Status Register when not enabled to generate an interrupt (MASK bit equals 0b) and by reset. After a reset this bit defaults to 0b, specifying “level sensitive”.

General Purpose Output

t - This bit defines the GPIO input type (0 = level sensitive, 1 = edge trigger) when

- Not Used.

7.27 GPIO Status Register (address 2Fh)

76 543210

RESERVED GPIO6_STATUS GPIO5_STATUS GPIO4_STATUS GPIO3_STATUS GPIO2_STATUS GPIO1_STATUS GPIO0_STATUS

7.27.1 GPIO Pin Status (GPIOX_STATUS)

Default = x

Function: General Purpose Inpu

as an input. Each bit indicates the status of the GPIO pin. The corresponding bit of a GPIO input configured as “edge trigger” is cleared by reading the GPIO Status Register. GPIO inputs configured as “level sensitive” will not be automatically cleared, but will reflect the logic state on the GPIO input. The mask bits in the GPIO Interrupt Mask Register have no effect on the operation of these status bits.

When a GPIO is un-masked and enabled to generate an interrupt, and is configured as “edge trigger”, a read operation to this register will clear the status bit and remove the interrupt condition. A read operation to the Interrupt Status (address 2Ah) (read only) when a GPIO is configured to gene rate an interr upt condition will not clear any bits in this register.

t - Bits in this register are read only when the corresponding GPIO pin is configured

General Purpose Output signal level. A 1b written to a particular bit will cause the corresponding GPIO pin to be driven to a logic high. A 0b will cause a logic low.

DS633F1 65

- For GPIO pins configured as outputs, these bits are used to control the output

CS44600

7.28 GPIO Interrupt Mask Register (address 30h)

76543210

RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED M_GPIO3 M_GPIO2 M_GPIO1 M_GPIO0

7.28.1 GPIO Pin Interrupt Mask (M_GPIOX)

Default = 0

Function: General Purpose Inpu

bit is set to 1, the interrupt is unmasked, meaning that its occurrence will affect the INT pin and the Interrupt Status register. If a mask bit is set to 0, the condition is masked, meaning that its occurrence will not affect the INT pin or Interrupt Status Register. The proper pin status will be reported in the GPIO Status Register. The bit positions align with the corresponding bits in the GPIO Status register.

General Purpose Output

t - The bits of this registe r serve as a mask for GPIO[ 3:0] interrupt source s. If a mask

- This register is not used.

7.29 PWM Configuration Register (address 31h)

76 5 4 3 2 1 0

OSRATE RESERVED RESERVED A1/B1_OUT_CNFG A2/B2_OUT_CNFG A3_OUT_CNFG B3_OUT_CNFG RESERVED

7.29.1 Over Sample Rate Selection (OSRATE)

Default = 0 0 - modulated PWM output pulses run at single-mode switch rate. Typically 384 kHz or 421.875 kHz. 1 - modulated PWM output pulses run at double-mode switch rate. Typically 768 kHz or 843.75 kHz.

Function: Enables the interpolation filter in the modulator to over-sample the incoming audio to support a double-

speed PWM switch rate. This parameter can only be changed when all modulators and associated logic are in the power-down state by setting the PDN bit i n the register “Clock Configuration and Power Control

(address 02h)” on page 51 to a 1b. Attempts to write this register while the PDN is not set will be ignored.

7.29.2 Channels A1 and B1 Output Configuration (A1/B1_OUT_CNFG)

Default = 0 0 - pwm outputs for both channels A1 and B1 are configured for half-bridge operation 1 - pwm outputs for both channels A1 and B1 are configured for full-bridge operation

Function: Identifies the output configuration. The value selected for this bit is applicable to the outputs for channels

A1 and B1. This parameter can only be changed when all m odulators and associated logic are in th e power-down state by setting the PDN bit in the register “Clock Configuration and Power Control (address 02h)”

on page 51 to a 1b. Attempts to write this register while the PDN is not set will be ignored.

7.29.3 Channels A2 and B2 Output Configuration (A2/B2_OUT_CNFG)

Default = 0 0 - pwm outputs for both channels A2 and B2 are configured for half-bridge operation 1 - pwm outputs for both channels A2 and B2 are configured for full-bridge operation

Function: Identifies the output configuration. The value selected for this bit is applicable to the outputs for channels

A2 and B2. This parameter can only be changed when all m odulators and associated logic are in th e pow-

66 DS633F1

er-down state by setting the PDN bit in the register “Clock Configuration and Power Co ntrol (address 02h)”

on page 51 to a 1b. Attempts to write this register while the PDN is not set will be ignored.

7.29.4 Channel A3 Output Configuration (A3_OUT_CNFG)

Default = 0 0 - pwm outputs for channel A3 are configured for half-bridge operation 1 - pwm outputs for channel A3 are configured for full-bridge operation

Function: Identifies the output configuration. The value selected for this bit is applicable to the outputs for only chan-

nel A3. This parameter can only be changed when all modulators and associated logic are in the power down state by setting the PDN bit in the register “Clock Configuration and Power Control (address 02h)”

on page 51 to a ‘1’b. Attempts to write this register while the PDN is not set will be ignored.

7.29.5 Channel B3 Output Configuration (B3_OUT_CNFG)

Default = 0 0 - pwm outputs for channel B3 are configured for half-bridge operation 1 - pwm outputs for channel B3 are configured for full-bridge operation

Function: Identifies the output configuration. The value selected for this bit is applicable to the outputs for only chan-

nel B3. This parameter can only be changed when all modulators and associated logic are in the powerdown state by setting the PDN bit in the register “Clock Configuration and Power Control (address 02h)”

on page 51 to a 1b. Attempts to write this register while the PDN is not set will be ignored.

CS44600

7.30 PWM Minimum Pulse Width Register (address 32h)

76543210

DISABLE_PWMOUTXX- RESERVED RESERVED MIN_PULSE4 MIN_PULSE3 MIN_PULSE2 MIN_PULSE1 MIN_PULSE0

7.30.1 Disable PWMOUTXX - Signal (DISABLE_PWMOUTXX-)

Default = 0 0 - PWM minus (“-”) differential signal is operational when PWM channel is configured for half-bridge. 1 - PWM minus (“-”) differential signal is disabled when PWM channel is configured for half-bridge.

Function: Determines if the PWM minus (“-”) differential signal is disabled when the particular PWM channel is con-

figured for half-bridge operation. This bit is ignored for channels configured for full-bridge operation. The value selected for this bit is applicable to the outputs for all channels configured for half-bridge operation. This parameter can only be changed when all modulators and associated logic are in the power-down state by setting the PDN bit in the re gister “Clock Configuration and Power Control (address 02h)” on

page 51 to a 1b. Attempts to write this register while the PDN is not set will be ignored.

7.30.2 Minimum PWM Output Pulse Settings (MIN_PULSE[4:0])

Default = 00000

Function: The PWM Minimum Pulse registers allow settings for the minimum allowable pulse width on each of the

PWMOUT differential signal pairs, PWMOUTxx+ and PWMOUTxx-. The value selected in this register is applicable to all PWM channels. The effective minimum pulse is calculated by multiplying the register value by the period of the PWM_MCLK. This parameter can only be changed when all modulators and associated logic are in the power-down state by setting the PDN bit in the register “Clock Configuration and

DS633F1 67

CS44600

Power Control (address 02h)” on page 51 to a 1b. Attempts to write this register while the PDN is not set

will be ignored.

Binary Code

MIN_PULSE[4:0]

00000 0 - no minimum 00110 6 10100 20

11111 31

Table 14. PWM Minimum Pulse Width Settings

Minimum Pulse

Setting (multiply by

PWM_MCLK period)

7.31 PWMOUT Delay Register (address 33h)

76543210

DIFF_DLY2 DIFF_DLY1 DIFF_DLY0 CHNL_DLY4 CHNL_DLY3 CHNL_DLY2 CHNL_DLY1 CHNL_DLY0

7.31.1 Differential Signal Delay (DIFF_DLY[2:0])

Default = 000

Function: The Differential Signal Delay bits allow delay adjustment between each channel’s differential signals,

PWMOUTxx+ and PWMOUTxx-. This set of bits control the delay between PWMOUTxx+ and PWMOUTxx- across all active channels. The value of this register determines the amount of delay inserted in the output path. The effective delay is calculated by multiplying the register value by the period of the PWM_MCLK. This parameter can only be changed when all modulators and associated logic are in the power-down state by setting the PDN bit in the register “Clock Configuration and Power Control (address

02h)” on page 51 to a 1b. Attempts to write this register while the PDN is not set will be ignored.

Binary Code Delay Setting (multiply by

PWM_MCLK period)

000 0 - no delay 001 1 100 4

111 7

Table 15. Differential Signal Delay Settings

7.31.2 Channel Delay Settings (CHNL_DLY[4:0])

Default = 00000

Function: The Channel Delay bits allow delay adjustment of each of the PWMOUT differential signal pairs, PW-

MOUTAx+/PWMOUTAx- from the associated PWMOUTBx+/PWMOUTBx-. The value of this register determines the amount of delay inserted in the output path. The effective delay is calculated by multiplying the register value by the period of the PWM_MCLK. This parameter can only be changed when all modulators and associated logic are in the power-down state by setting the PDN bit in the reg ister “Clock Con-

figuration and Power Control (address 02h)” on page 51 to a 1b. Attempts to write this register while the

PDN is not set will be ignored.

Binary Code Delay Setting(multiply by PWM_MCLK period)

00000 0 - no delay 00110 6 11000 24

11111 31

Table 16. Channel Delay Settings

68 DS633F1

CS44600

PWMOUTA1+

PWMOUTA1-

PWMOUTB1+

PWMOUTB1-

PWMOUTA2+

PWMOUTA2-

PWMOUTB2+

PWMOUTB2-

PWMOUTA3+

PWMOUTA3-

tdif

tch

tdif

tch

tdif

tch

dly

tdif

dly

tdif

dly

PWMOUTB3+

tdif

dly

PWMOUTB3-

Figure 31. PWM Output Delay

7.32 PSR and Power Supply Configuration (address 34h)

76 5 4 3 2 1 0

PSR_EN PSR_RESET FEEDBACK_EN RESERVED RESERVED PS_SYNC_DIV2 PS_SYNC_DIV1 PS_SYNC_DIV0

7.32.1 Power Supply Rejection Enable (PSR_EN)

Default = 0 0 - disable 1 - enable

Function: Enables the on-card and internal power supply rejection circuitry. This bit will cause the PSR_EN output

signal to change logic level. A ‘0’b in this bit will cause the PSR_EN to drive a logic low. A ‘1’b will drive a logic high.

DS633F1 69

7.32.2 Power Supply Rejection Reset (PSR_RESET)

Default = 0 0 - force reset condition 1 - remove reset condition

Function: This bit is used to assert a reset condition to the on-card PSR components. When set to a ‘0’b, the

PSR_RESET signal will be asserted low. The reset condition will continue as long as this bit is set to a ‘0’b. This bit must be set to a ‘1’b for proper PSR operation.

7.32.3 Power Supply Rejection Feedback Enable (FEEDBACK_EN)

Default = 0 0 - disable 1 - enable

Function: Enables the internal power supply rejection feedback logic.

7.32.4 Power Supply Sync Clock Divider Settings (PS_SYNC_DIV[2:0])

Default = 000

Function:

CS44600

These three bits determine the divider for the XTAL clock signal for generating the PS_SYNC clock signal.

PS_SYNC_DIV[2:0] PS_SYNC Clock Divider

000 Output Disabled 001 Divide by 32 010 Divide by 64 011 Divide by 128 100 Divide by 256 101 Divide by 512 110 Divide by 1024

T able 17. Power Supply Sync Clock Divider Settings

7.33 Decimator Shift/Scale (addresses 35h, 36h, 37h)

76543210

RESERVED DEC_SHIFT2 DEC_SHIFT1 DEC_SHIFT0 RESERVED DEC_SCALE18 DEC_SCALE17 DEC_SCALE16

76543210

DEC_SCALE15 DEC_SCALE14 DEC_SCALE13 DEC_SCALE12 DEC_SCALE11 DEC_SCALE10 DEC_SCALE09 DEC_SCALE08

76543210

DEC_SCALE07 DEC_SCALE06 DEC_SCALE05 DEC_SCALE04 DEC_SCALE03 DEC_SCALE02 DEC_SCALE01 DEC_SCALE00

7.33.1 Decimator Shift (DEC_SHIFT[2:0])

Default = 010

Function: These bits are used to scale the power supply reading (Decimator Outd (addresses 3Bh, 3Ch, 3Dh)) dur-

ing the PSR feedback calibration sequence. The combination of shift and scale factors (DEC_SCALE[18:0]*2^(DEC_SHIFT[2:0])) can be viewed as a floating point coefficient. The floating point coefficient will be determined during the PSR feedback calibration sequence. See Decimator Scale

(DEC_SCALE[18:0]) register description and “Recommended PSR Calibration Sequence” on page 44.

70 DS633F1

CS44600

7.33.2 Decimator Scale (DEC_SCALE[18:0])

Default = 25868h

Function: These bits are used to scale the power supply reading ( Decimator Outd (addresses 3Bh, 3Ch, 3Dh)) dur-

ing the PSR feedback calibration sequence. DEC_SCALE[ 18:0] has 19-bit precision, formatted as signed

1.18 with decimal values from -1 to 1-2^(-18). The combination of shift and scale factors (DEC_SCALE[18:0]*2^(DEC_SHIFT[2:0])) can be viewed as a floating point coe fficient. The floating point coefficient will be determined during the PSR feedback calibration sequence. See Decimator Shift

(DEC_SHIFT[2:0]) register description and “Recommended PSR Calibration Sequence” on page 44.

DEC_SCALE[18:0] DEC_SHIFT[2:0] Calculated Coefficient (C

20000h=0.5 001b=1 0.5*2^(1)=1 28851h=0.6331 010b=2 0.6331*2^(2)=2.5325

Table 18. Decimator Shift/Scale Coefficient Calculation Examples

7.34 Decimator Outd (addresses 3Bh, 3Ch, 3Dh)

76543210

DEC_OUTD23 DEC_OUTD22 DEC_OUTD21 DEC_OUTD20 DEC_OUTD19 DEC_OUTD18 DEC_OUTD17 DEC_OUTD16

76543210

DEC_OUTD15 DEC_OUTD14 DEC_OUTD13 DEC_OUTD12 DEC_OUTD11 DEC_OUTD10 DEC_OUTD09 DEC_OUTD08

76543210

DEC_OUTD07 DEC_OUTD06 DEC_OUTD05 DEC_OUTD04 DEC_OUTD03 DEC_OUTD02 DEC_OUTD01 DEC_OUTD00

PSR

)

7.34.1 Decimator Outd (DEC_OUTD[23:0])

Default = 000000h (Read Only) Function:

These bits reflect the real-time power su pply value as measured by the external PSR feedback circuit. DEC_OUTD[23:0] has 24-bit precision, formatted as signed 2.22 with decimal values from -4 to 4-2^(-22). Calibration needs to be done to corr elate the value of DEC_OUTD[23:0] with the real power su pply value. A quiet DC power supply without any ripple is treated as 1.0 with DEC_OUTD[23:0] calibrated at 400000h. See “Recommended PSR Calibration Sequence” on page 44.

DS633F1 71

8. PARAMETER DEFINITIONS

Dynamic Range (DR)

The ratio of the rms value of the signal to the rms sum of all other spectral components over the specified bandwidth, typically 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Dynamic Range is a signal-to-noise ratio measuremen t over the specified band width made with a -6 0 dBFS signal. 60 dB is then added to the resu lting measurement to refer the measurement to full-scale, with units in dB FS A. This technique ensures that the distortion components are below the noise level and do not effect the measurement. This measurement technique has been accepted by the Audio Engineering Society, AES17-1991, and the Electronic Industries Association of Japan, EIAJ CP-307.

Frequency Response (FR)

FR is the deviation in signal level verses frequency. The 0 dB reference point is 1 kHz. The amplitude corner, Ac, lists the maximum deviation in amplitude above and below the 1 kHz reference point. The listed minimum and maximum frequencies are guaranteed to be within the Ac from minimum frequency to maximum frequency inclusive.

Interchannel Isolation

A measure of crosstalk between the left and right channels. Measured for each channel at the converter's output with no signal to the input under test and a full-scale signal applied to the other channel. Units in decibels.

CS44600

Interchannel Gain Mismatch

The gain difference between left and right channels. Units in decibels.

Gain Error

The deviation from the nominal full-scale analog output for a full-scale digital input.

Gain Drift

The change in gain value with temperature. Units in ppm/°C.

Offset Error

The deviation of the mid-scale transition (111...111 to 000...000) from the ideal. Units in mV.

dB FS A

dB FS is defined as dB relative to full-scale. The “A” indicates an A weighting filter was used.

Differential Nonlinearity

The worst case deviation from the ideal code width. Units in LSB.

FFT

Fast Fourier Transform.

Sampling Frequency.

Resolution

The number of bits in the output words to the DACs, and in the input words to the ADCs.

72 DS633F1

CS44600

Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)

SNR, similar to DR, is the ratio of an arbitrary sinusoidal input signal to the RMS sum of the noise floor, in the presence of a signal. It is measured over a 20 Hz to 20 kHz bandwidth with units in dB.

SRC

Sample Rate Converter. Converts data derived at one sample rate to a differing sample rate. The CS44 600 operates at a fixed sample frequency. The internal sample rate converter is used to convert digital audio streams playing back at other frequencies to the PWM output rate.

Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (THD+N)

The ratio of the rms value of the signal to the rms sum of all other spectral components over the specified band width (typically 10 Hz to 20 kHz), including distortion components. Expressed in decibels. Measured at -1 and -20 dBFS as suggested in AES17-1991 Annex A.

9. REFERENCES

1. Cirrus Logic, “Audio Quality Measurement Specification,” Version 1.0, 1997.

http://www.cirrus.com/products/papers/meas/meas.html

2. Cirrus Logic, “AN18: Layout and Design Rules for Data Converters and Other Mixed Signal Devices,” Version 6.0, February 1998.

3. Cirrus Logic, “AN22: Overview of Digital Audio Interface Data Structures, Version 2.0”, February 1998.; A useful tutorial on digital audio specification s.

4. Philips Semiconductor, “The I²C-Bus Specification: Version 2,” Dec. 1998.

http://www.semiconductors.philips.com

DS633F1 73

10.PACKAGE DIMENSIONS 64L LQFP PACKAGE DRAWING

CS44600

∝

Note: See Legend Below

Figure 32. 64-Pin LQFP Package Drawing

INCHES MILLIMETERS

DIM MIN NOM MAX MIN NOM MAX

A --- 0.55 0.063 --- 1.40 1.60

A1 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.05 0.10 0.15

B 0.007 0.008 0.011 0.17 0.20 0.27 D 0.461 0.472 BSC 0.484 11.70 12.0 BSC 12.30

D1 0.390 0.39 3 BSC 0.398 9.9 0 10.0 BSC 10.10

E 0.461 0.472 BSC 0.484 11.70 12.0 BSC 12.30

E1 0.390 0.393 BSC 0.398 9.90 10.0 BSC 10.10

e* 0.016 0.020 BSC 0.024 0.40 0.50 BSC 0.60

L 0.018 0.024 0.030 0.45 0.60 0.75

∝

0.000° 4° 7.000° 0.00° 4° 7.00°

* Nominal pin pitch is 0.50 mmControlling dimension is mm. JEDEC Designation: MS022

74 DS633F1

11.THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS

Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Units

Junction to Ambient Thermal Impedance 2 Layer Board

4 Layer Board

12.ORDERING INFORMATION

CS44600

48 38

°C/Watt

Product Description Package

CS44600

CDB44800

CRD44800

CRD44800-ST-FB

CRD44600-PH-FB

6-Channel Digital Ampli-

fier Controller

6-Channel Digital Ampli-

fier Controller

6-Channel Digital Ampli-

fier Controller

6-Channel Digital Ampli-

fier Controller

CS44600/800 Evalua-

tion Board

8x50 W Half-Bridge

Reference Design Board

8x60 W Full-Bridge

Reference Design Board

2x100 W Full-Bridge

Reference Design Board

13.REVISION HISTORY

Pb-Free

LQFP YES -10° to +70°C Rail CS44600-CQZ

LQFP YES -10° to +70°C

LQFP YES -40° to +85°C Rail CS44600-DQZ

LQFP YES -40° to +85°C

- - - - CDB44800

- - - - CRD44800

- - - - CRD44800-ST-FB

- - - - CRD44600-PH-FB

Temp Range Container

Tape and

Reel

Tape and

Reel

Order#

CS44600-CQZR

CS44600-DQZR

Release Date Changes

-Updated “Features” on page 1

-Correcte “Power Supply Current” on page 9

-Corrected “High-Level Input Voltage” on page 9

-Corrected “Low-Level Input Voltage” on page 9

-Corrected “High-Level Output Voltage at Io = -2 mA” on page 9

PP1 May 2005

F1 March 2006 -Final Datasheet Release

DS633F1 75

-Corrected “Low-Level Output Voltage at Io = 2 mA” on page 9

-Corrected “Digital Filter Response (Note 12)” on page 11

-Updated “Typical Full-Bridge Connection Diagram” on page 22

-Updated “Typical Half-Bridge Connection Diagram” on page 23

-Corrected Figure 13 on page 23

-Updated Section 7.5.2 "AM Frequency Hopping (AM_FREQ_HOP)" on page 51

-Updated “Ordering Information” on page 75

CS44600

Contacting Cirrus Logic Support

For all product questions and inquiries, contact a Cirrus Logic Sales Representative. To find the one nearest to you, go to www.cirrus.com.

IMPORTANT NOTICE

Cirrus Logic, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Cirrus") believe that the information contained in this document is accurate and reli able. However, the informatio n is subject to change without notice and is prov ided "AS IS " without warrant y of any ki nd (expres s or impli ed). Custo mers are ad vised to obtai n the lat est ver sion of rel evant information to verify, before placing orders, that informa tion be in g re lied on is c urr ent an d com pl ete. All prod ucts are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, indemnification, and limitation of liability. No responsibility is assumed by Cirrus for the use of this information, including use of this information as the basis for manufacture or sale of any items, or for infringement of patents or other rights of third parties. This document is the property of Cirrus and by furnishing this information, Cirrus grants no license, express or implied under any patents, mask work rights, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets or other intellectual proper ty rights. Cirrus owns th e copyrights associated with the information contained herein and gives consent for copies to be made of the information only for use within your organization with respect to Cirrus integrated circuits or other products of Cirrus. Th is co nse nt does not extend to other copying such as copying for ge ne ral distribution, advertising or promotional purpo s es, or for cre atin g any wo rk for resale.

CERTAIN APPLICATIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MAY INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (“CRITICAL APPLICATIONS”). CIRRUS PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED FOR USE IN AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS, MILITARY APPLICATIONS, PRODUCTS SURGICALLY IMPLANTED INTO THE BODY, AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY OR SECURITY DEVICES, LIFE SUPPORT PRODUCTS OR OTHER CRITICAL APPLICATIONS. INCLUSION OF CIRRUS PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERSTOOD TO BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK AND CIRRUS DISCLAIMS AND MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS, STATUTORY OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH REGARD TO ANY CIRRUS PRODUCT THAT IS USED IN SUCH A MANNER. IF THE CUSTOMER OR CUSTOMER’S CU STOMER USES O R PERMITS THE USE OF CIRRUS PRODUCTS IN CRITICAL APPLICATIONS, CUSTOMER AGREES, BY SUCH USE, TO FULL Y INDE MNIFY CI RRUS, ITS OFF ICERS, DI RE CTORS , EMPLOY EES, DISTRIB UTORS AND OTHER AGENTS FROM ANY AND ALL LIABILITY, INCLUDING ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND COSTS, THAT MAY RESULT FROM OR ARISE I N CONNECTION WITH THESE USES.

Cirrus Logic, Cirrus, the Cirrus Logic logo designs, and Popguard are trademarks of Cirrus Logic, Inc. All other brand and product names in this document may be trademarks or service marks of their respective owners.

SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. I²C is a registered tradem ar k of P h ilips Semiconductor.

76 DS633F1

Cirrus Logic CS44600 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1. CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS

SPECIFIED OPERATING CONDITIONS

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

DIGITAL INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS

PWM OUTPUT PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

Figure 1. Performance Characteristics Evaluation Active Filter Circuit

PWM FILTER CHARACTERISTICS

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - XTI

Figure 2. XTI Timings

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - SYS_CLK

Figure 3. SYS_CLK Timings

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - PWMOUTA1-B3

Figure 4. PWMOUTxx Timings

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - PS_SYNC

Figure 5. PS_SYNC Timings

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - DAI INTERFACE

Figure 6. Serial Audio Interface Timing Figure 7. Serial Audio Interface Timing - TDM Mode

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS - CONTROL PORT - SPI FORMAT

Figure 9. Control Port Timing - SPI Format

2. PIN DESCRIPTIONS

Figure 10. CS44600 Pinout Diagram

2.1 I/O Pin Characteristics

3. TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAMS

Figure 11. Typical Full-Bridge Connection Diagram

Figure 12. Typical Half-Bridge Connection Diagram

4. APPLICATIONS

4.1 Overview

4.2 Feature Set Summary

Figure 13. CS44600 Data Flow Diagram (Single Channel Shown)

4.3 Clock Generation

4.3.1 FsIn Domain Clocking

Table 1. Common DAI_MCLK Frequencies

4.3.2 FsOut Domain Clocking

Figure 14. Fundamental Mode Crystal Configuration

Figure 15. 3rd Overtone Crystal Configuration

Figure 16. CS44600 Internal Clock Generation

4.4 FsIn Clock Domain Modules

4.4.1 Digital Audio Input Port

Table 2. DAI Serial Audio Port Channel Allocations

Figure 18. Left-Justified Serial Audio Formats

Figure 19. Right-Justified Serial Audio Formats

Figure 20. One Line Mode #1 Serial Audio Format

Figure 21. One Line Mode #2 Serial Audio Format

Figure 22. TDM Mode Serial Audio Format

4.4.2 Auto Rate Detect

4.4.3 De-Emphasis

Figure 23. De-Emphasis Curve

4.5 FsOut Clock Domain Modules

4.5.1 Sample Rate Converter

4.5.2 Load Compensation Filter

T able 3. Load Compensation Example Settings

4.5.3 Digital Volume and Mute Control

4.5.4 Peak Detect / Limiter

4.5.5 PWM Engines

4.5.6 Interpolation Filter

4.5.7 Quantizer

Table 4. Typical PWM Switch Rate Settings

4.5.8 Modulator

4.5.9 PWM Outputs

4.5.10 Power Supply Rejection (PSR) Real-Time Feedback

4.6 Control Port Description and Timing

4.6.1 SPI Mode

Figure 24. Control Port Timing in SPI Mode

4.6.3 GPIOs

4.6.4 Host Interrupt

5. POWER SUPPLY, GROUNDING, AND PCB LAYOUT

Figure 27. Recommended CS44600 Power Supply Decoupling Layout

Figure 28. Recommended CS44600 Crystal Circuit Layout

Figure 29. Recommended PSR Circuit Layout

5.1 Reset and Power-Up

5.1.1 PWM PopGuard® Transient Control

5.1.2 Recommended Power-Up Sequence

5.1.3 Recommended PSR Calibration Sequence

Figure 30. PSR Calibration Sequence

5.1.4 Recommended Power-Down Sequence