Full DOS Games Compatibility via PC/PCI, DDMA,
and CrystalClear Legacy Support
n
PCI V er si on 2. 1 Bu s Ma ste r
n
PC ’98 and PC ’99 C omp l i anc e
n
MPU-401 interface, FM Synthesizer, and Game
Port
n
Full Duplex Operation
n
Hardware Volume Con tr o l
n
Win 95®, 98 (WDM), Win NT® 4.0, Win NT 5. 0
(WDM) Drivers
n
Advanced Power Management (PPMI)
n
Digital Docking Solution with AC ‘97 2.0 Codec
n
Support for Multi-Channel Audio Output
n
Hardware Sample Rate Conv ert er s
n
Pin-Comp a ti b le wit h C S46 1 4 an d CS4280-CM
CrystalClear™ PCI
Audio Interface
DESCRIPTION
The CS4281 is a PCI audio c ontroller with integrated
legacy games support suitable for desktop and notebook PC designs. Wh en c om bi ned with dr iver s oftw ar e
and an AC ’97 codec such as the CS4297A, this device
provides a complete high quality audio solution. Legacy
compatibility is achieved via PC-PCI, DDMA, and CrystalClear Legacy Support. The product includes an
integrated FM synthesizer and Plug-and-Play interface.
In addition, the CS4281 offers hardware volume control
and power management features. WDM drivers provide
support for Windows 98
used with the CS4297 A, the CS428 1 is fully compliant
with Microsoft’s PC ’98 and PC ‘99 audio requirements.
In the 100-pin MQFP package, the CS4281 is pin-compatible with the CS4614 and CS4280-CM.
For a complete listing of Direct Sales, Distributor, and Sales Representative contacts, visit the Cirrus Logic web site at:
http://www.cirrus.com/corporate/contacts/
Preliminary product info rmation describes products which are in production, b ut for which full character izat i on da t a i s not yet available. Advance product information describes products which are in development and subject to development changes. Cirrus Logic, Inc. has made best efforts to ensure that the information
contained in this document is accurate and reliable. However, the information is subject to change without notice and is provided “AS IS” without warranty of any
kind (express o r i mplie d). No re spon sibilit y is as sume d b y Cirru s Logic, Inc. for the use of this information, nor for infringements of patents or other rights of third
parties. This document is the property of Cirrus Logic, Inc. and implies no license under patents, copyrights, trademarks, or trade secrets. No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photographic, or otherwise)
without the prior wri tten consent of Ci rrus Lo gic, Inc. Items fr om any Cir rus Logi c websit e or disk may be p rinte d for use by t he user . However , no part of the
printout or electronic files may be copied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photographic, or otherwise) wi thout the prior wri tt en consent of Cirrus Log ic, Inc.Furthermore, no part of this publi cati on may be used as a basis for manufacture or
sale of any items without the prior written consent of Cirrus Logic, Inc. The names of products of Cirrus Logic, Inc. or other vendors and suppliers appearing in
this document may be trademarks or service marks of their respect ive owner s which may be registered in some jurisdi ctions. A li st of Ci rru s Logic, Inc. trademarks and service marks can be found at http://www.cirrus.com.
CrystalClear and CCLS are trademarks of Cirrus Logic, Inc.
Windows, Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.
Sound Blaster and Sound Blaster Pro are trademarks of Creative Technology, Ltd.
All other names are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of their respective companies.
CIRRUS LOGIC PRODUCT DATA SHEET
2DS308PP4
CS4281
CrystalClear™ PCI Audio Interface
CHARACTERISTICS/SPECIFICATIONS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(PCIGND = CGND = CRYGND = 0 V, all voltages with respect to 0 V)
ParameterSymbolMinTypMaxUnit
Power SuppliesPCIVDD
VAUX
CVDD
CRYVDD
VDD5REF
Total Power Dissipation (Note 1)--1.0W
Input Current per Pin, DC (Except supply pins)--±10mA
Output current per pin, DC--±50mA
Digital Input voltage(Note 2)-0.3-Vdd+
Ambient temperature (power applied)(Note 3)-55-125°C
Storage temperature-65-150°C
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4.6
4.6
4.6
4.6
5.5
0.3
V
V
V
V
V
V
Notes: 1. Includes all power generated by AC and/or DC output loading.
2. The power supply pins are at recommended maximum values.
3. At ambient temperatures above 70° C, total power dissipation must be limited to less than 0.4 Watts.
WARNING: Operation beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
(PCIGND = CGND = CRYGND = 0 V, all voltages with respect to 0 V)
ParameterSymbolMinTypMaxUnit
Power SuppliesPCIVDD
VAUX
CVDD
CRYVDD
VDD5REF
Operating Ambient TemperatureT
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Output rise slew rate0.4 V - 2.4 V load(Note 6)slew
Output fall slew rate2.4 V - 0.4 V load(Note 6)slew
I
I
OH
OL
CL
-44
Vout 1.4–
44–
-------------------------+
0.024
-
95
Vout/0.023
-
Vin 1+
25–
------------------+
r
f
15V/ns
15V/ns
0.015
-
-
(Note 7)
-
-
(Note 8)
-mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
Notes: 4. Specifications guaranteed by characterization and not production testing.
5. Refer to V/I curves in Figure 1. Specification does not apply to PCICLK and RST# signals. Switching
Current High specification does not apply to PME#, CLKRUN#, and INTA# which are open drain outputs.
6. Cumulative edge rate across specified range. Rise slew rates do not apply to open drain outputs.
Power Supply Current:VDD5REF
VAUX
PCIVDD/CVDD/CRYVDD Total(Note 4)
-
-
-
0.6
TBD
TBD
-
20
TBD
mA
mA
mA
Low Power Mode Supply Current-TBD-mA
Notes: 9. The following signals are tested to 6 mA: FRAME#, TRDY#, IRDY#, DEVSEL#, STOP#, PERR#, and
INTA#. All other PCI interface signals are tested to 3 mA.
10. Input leakage currents include hi-Z output leakage for all bi-directional buffers with three-state outputs.
11. Maximum allowable leakage into the PME# open-drain pin when power is removed from VAUX.
Assumes no event occurred to drive PME# (idle state).
12. For AC-Link and VOLUP/DN pins, Vdd is VAUX. For all others Vdd is the core supply.
13. For open drain pins, high level output voltage is dependent on external pull-up used and number of
attached gates.
14. All inputs that do not include internal pull-ups or pull-downs, must be externally driven for proper
operation. If an input is not driven, it should be tied to power or ground, depending on the particular
function. If an I/O pin is not driven and programmed as an input, it should be tied to power or ground
through its own resistor.
PCICLK cycle timet
PCICLK high timet
PCICLK low timet
PCICLK to signal valid delay - bused signalst
PCICLK to signal valid delay - point to pointt
val(p+p)
Float to active delay (Note 15)t
Active to Float delay(Note 15)t
Input Set up Time to PCICLK - bused signalst
Input Set up Time to PCICLK - point to pointt
su(p+p)
Input hold time for PCICLKt
Reset active to output float delay(Notes 15, 16, 17)t
cyc
high
low
val
on
off
su
h
rst-off
30-ns
11-ns
11-ns
211ns
212ns
2-ns
-28ns
7-ns
10, 12-ns
0-ns
-30ns
Notes: 15. For Active/Float measurements, the Hi-Z or “off” state is when the total current delivered is less than or
equal to the leakage current. Specification is guaranteed by design, not production tested.
16. RST# is asserted and de-asserted asynchronously with respect to PCICLK.
17. All PCI output drivers are asynchronously floated when RST# is active. Note ASDOUT and ASYNC are
not affected by RST#.
ABITCLK input high timet
ABITCLK input low timet
ABITCLK input rise/fall timet
ASDIN/ASDIN2 valid to ABITCLK fallingt
ASDIN/ASDIN2 hold after ABITCLK fallingt
ASDIN/ASDIN2 input rise/fall timet
ABITCLK rising to ASDOUT/ASYNC valid, C
ASYNC/ASDOUT rise/fall time, C
EECLK Low to EEDAT Data Out Validt
Start Condition Hold Timet
EECLK Lowt
EECLK High t
Start Condition Setup Time (for a Repeated Start Condition)t
EEDAT In Hold Timet
EEDAT In Setup Timet
Notes: 18. Rise time on EEDAT is determined by the capacitance on the EEDAT line with all connected gates and
the required external pull-up resistor.
EECLK
EEDAT (IN)
EEDAT (OUT)
EEDAT (OUT)
t
SU:STA
t
LEECLK
t
DH
t
HD:STA
t
AA
t
t
F
HEECLK
t
HD:DAT
Figure 4. EEPROM Timing
t
SU:DAT
t
R
t
SU:STO
CIRRUS LOGIC PRODUCT DATA SHEET
8DS308PP4
CS4281
CrystalClear™ PCI Audio Interface
OVERVIEW
The CS4281 provides a low-cost PCI audio solution with Legacy Game com patibilit y for the P C environment. The CS4281 is compatible with the CS4614 and CS4280-CM. The CS4281 is divided into several
functional blocks.
•PCI Interface
•Sound System Interface
•FM Synthesis
•Peripheral Devices (MIDI & Gameport)
The PCI Interface is the physical connection to the bus. It is subdivided into several smaller functional
groups such as: PCI configuration and interface, DMA controller, interrupt control, and chip control. The
PCI interface serves as a Master/Target PCI device and its two-base address registers provide access to the
chip operation registers and internal memory blocks. The Sound System Interface provides all the registers
and controls to operate the entire sou nd system. The FM Synthes is provides full compa tibility with market
standard FM-based music synthesis used in DOS games and educational software. The CS4281’s flexibility is further enhanced by the inclusion of peripheral devices such as Hardware Volume Control, Clock
Generation, General Purpose I/O (GPIO), MIDI UART Port, Game (Joystick) Port, and the AC Link.
The DMA Engine provides dedicated hardware to manage transfer of up to 4 concurrent audio/data streams
to and from host memory buffers. Four Bus Mastering DMA controllers support simultaneous capture,
play, modem transmit, and modem receive.
The CS4281 supports a variety of audio I/O configurations including a singleCS4297A CrystalClear
AC ’97 Codec or dual CS4297A codecs where the second codec is used as a portable’s docking station
solution. The combination of a CS4281 with a CS4298 AMC ‘97 codec, provides a cost-effective, superior
quality, two-chip audio/modem solution.
Legacy Support
Legacy games are supported by CrystalClear Legacy Support CCLS™, DDMA, or by the PC/PCI interface. In both motherboard and add-in card designs, CCLS and DDMA provide support for legacy games
by providing a hardware interface that supports a Sound Blaster Pro™ compatible interface, as well as support for FM, and joystick interfaces. These ha rdware in terface s provide PC I-only gam es compa tibi lity for
real-mode DOS and Windows DOS box support.
For motherboard designs, PC/PCI is used by connecting the PCGNT# and PCREQ# pins to the appropriate
pins on the south bridge motherboard chip. The PC/PCI interface is compliant with Intel’s PC/PCI spec.
(version 1.2).
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES
A typical system diagram depicting connection of the CS4281 to the CrystalClear CS4297A AC ’97 Codec
is given in Figure 5. All analog audio inputs and outputs are connected to the CS4297A. Audio data is
passed between the CS4297A and the CS4281 over the serial AC-Link. The CS4281 provides a hardware
interface for connection of a joystick and MIDI devices.
Figure 6 depicts the CS4281 using both AC ‘97 codec interfaces in a portable design. The primary AC ‘97
interface is connected to a CS4297A used for all audio I/O inside and connected to the portable. The second
AC ‘97 interface is sent across to the docking station which contains a second CS4297A. The second codec
CIRRUS LOGIC PRODUCT DATA SHEET
DS308PP49
CS4281
CrystalClear™ PCI Audio Interface
CPU
North
Bridge
Host
Memory
PCI Bus
South
Bridge
CS4281
CS4297A
Audio Out
Audio In
PC/PCI (if used)
Figure 5. AC ‘97 Codec Interface
is activated when the portable is in the docking station. Software can disable the audio I/O paths on the
portable that are superseded by docking station I/O and enable the paths needed in the docking station.
Note that both interfaces are needed in systems where the CD-ROM analog input is in the portable and the
Line In/Out jacks on the docking stations are used. Using the AC ‘97 digital link across the dock maintains
the absolute highest audio quality along with a standard well-defined non-proprietary interface that will
last through many system generations.
Figure 7 depicts the CS4281 using an AC ‘97 codec in an audio/modem design. The primary AC ‘97 interface is connected to a CS4298 and is used for audio/modem I/O such as Mic In, Line In, Line Out and
the Analog Front End (AFE) for Modem features. The CS4298 analog interface is connected to the DAA
via the EGPIO pins. The EGPIO supports the PCI Power Management Event system wake-up feature allowing a powerdown system to be powered up by an incoming call on the modem.
PORTABLE
CPU
South
Bridge
North
Bridge
PCI Bus
CS4281
PCI Audio Interface
Secondary
Serial Data
(ASDIN2)
PC/PCI
(if used)
Primary
AC-Link
Host
Memory
Bridge
1
In
4
5
5
CS4297A
Buffer
Audio
Out
Audio
In
DOCKING STAT ION
Secondary PCI Bus
5
CS4297A
Audio Out
Audio In
Figure 6. Portable Docking Station Scenario
CIRRUS LOGIC PRODUCT DATA SHEET
10DS308PP4
CS4281
CrystalClear™ PCI Audio Interface
CPU
South
Bridge
North
Bridge
PCI Bus
CS4281
PCI Audio Interface
AC-Link
PC/PCI
(if used)
Host
Memory
CS4298
DAA
Audio Out
Audio In
Telephone
Line
Figure 7. Modem Scenario
HOST INTERFACE
The CS4281 host interface is comprised of two separate interface blocks which are memory mapped into
host address space. The interface blocks can be located anywhere in the host 32-bit physical address space.
The interface block locations are defined by the addresses programmed into the two Base Address Regis-
ters in the PCI Configuration Space. These base addresses are normally set up by the system’s Plug and
Play BIOS. The first interface block (Base Address 0) contains the general purpose configuration, control,
and status registers for the device. The second interface block (Base Address 1) maps the FIFO RAMs into
host memory space. The relationship between the Base Address Registers in the CS4281 PCI Configuration Space and the host memory map is depicted in Figure 8. The bus mastering PCI bus interface complies
with the PCI Local Bus Specification (version 2.1).
Device PCI Config. Space
00h
Device ID / Vendor ID
04h
08h
0Ch
10h
14h
Status / Command
Class Code / Revision
Misc. Control
Base Address Register 0
Base Address Register 1
Direct Registers
(Memory Mapped, 4 kByte)
Direct Memory Interface
(Memory Mapped, 6 kByte)4
Figure 8. Host Interface Base Address Registers
CIRRUS LOGIC PRODUCT DATA SHEET
DS308PP411
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