Casio LK-73 User Manual

MIDI

MIDI

1 MODE 2 TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI 3 Number buttons

4 START/STOP 5 LEFT/TRACK 1 6 RIGHT/TRACK 2

7 [+]/[–]

What is MIDI?

The letters MIDI stand for Musical Instrument Digital
Interface, which is the name of a worldwide standard for
digital signals and connectors that makes it possible to
exchange musical data between musical instruments and
computers (machines) produced by different manufacturers.
MIDI compatible equipment can exchange keyboard key
press, key release, tone change, and other data as messages.
Though you do not need any special knowledge about MIDI
to use this keyboard as a stand-alone unit, MIDI operations
require a bit of specialized knowledge. This section provides
you with an overview of MIDI that will help to get you going.

1 Computer or other MIDI device

 To use the MIDI THRU function of a connected computer,

sequencer, or other MIDI device, be sure to turn this
keyboard’s LOCAL CONTROL off (page E-54).

MIDI Connections

MIDI messages are send out through the MIDI OUT terminal
of one machine to the MIDI IN terminal of another machine
over a MIDI cable. To send a message from this keyboard to
another machine, for example, you must use a MIDI cable to
connect the MIDI OUT terminal of this keyboard to the MIDI
IN terminal of the other machine. To send MIDI messages
back to this keyboard, you need to use a MIDI cable to connect
the other machine’s MIDI OUT terminal to the MIDI IN
terminal of this keyboard.
To use a computer or other MIDI device to record and
playback the MIDI data produced by this keyboard, you must
connect the MIDI IN and MIDI OUT terminals of both
machines in order to send and receive data.

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MIDI Channels

MIDI allows you to send the data for multiple parts at the
same time, with each part being sent over a separate MIDI
channel. There are 16 MIDI channels, numbered 1 through 16,
and MIDI channel data is always included whenever you
exchange data (key press, pedal operation, etc.).
Both the sending machine and the receiving machine must be
set to the same channel for the receiving unit to correctly
receive and play data. If the receiving machine is set to
Channel 2, for example, it receives only MIDI Channel 2 data,
and all other channels are ignored.

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MIDI

Changing MIDI Settings

You can use this keyboard in combination with an external
sequencer, synthesizer, or other MIDI device to play along
with commercially available General MIDI software. This
section tells you how to make the MIDI settings required
when connecting to an external device.

TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI Button

This keyboard is equipped with multi-timbre capabilities,
which means it can receive messages over all 16 MIDI
channels and play up to 16 parts at the same time.
Keyboard and pedal operations performed on this keyboard
are sent out by selecting a MIDI channel (1 to 16) and then
sending the appropriate message.

General MIDI

As we have already seen, MIDI makes is possible to exchange
musical data between devices produced by different
manufacturers. This musical data does not consist of the notes
themselves, but rather information on whether a keyboard
key is pressed or released, and the tone number.
If tone number 1 on a keyboard produced by Company A is
PIANO while tone number 1 on a Company B’s keyboard is
BASS, for example, sending data from Company A’s
keyboard to Company B’s keyboard produces a result
entirely different from the original. If a computer, sequencer
or other device with auto accompaniment capabilities is used
to produce music data for the Company A keyboard which
has 16 parts (16 channels) and then that data is sent to the
Company B keyboard which can receive only 10 parts (10
channels), the parts that cannot be played will not be heard.
The standard for the tone numbering sequence, the number of
pads, and other general factors that determine the sound
source configuration, which was arrived at by mutual
consultations by manufacturers, is called General MIDI.
The General MIDI standard defines the tone numbering
sequence, the drum sound numbering sequence, the number
of MIDI channels that can be used, and other general factors
that determine the sound source configuration. Because of
this, musical data produced on a General MIDI sound source
can be played back using similar tones and identical nuances
as the original, even when played on another manufacturers
sound source.
This keyboard conforms with General MIDI standards, so it
can be connected to a computer or other device and used to
play back General MIDI data that has been purchased,
downloaded from the Internet, or obtained from any other
source.

Each press of the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button cycles
through a total of 12 setting screens: the transpose screen, the
tuning screen, and 10 MIDI setting screens. If you accidentally
pass the screen you want to use, keep pressing the
TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button until the screen appears
again. Also note that leaving a setting screen is automatically
cleared from the display if you do not perform any operation
for about five seconds.

GM MODE (Default: Off)

J on

This keyboard plays General MIDI data from a computer or
other external device. MIDI IN CHORD JUDGE cannot be
used when GM MODE is turned on.

J oFF

MIDI IN CHORD JUDGE can be used.

1. Press the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button

until the GM MODE screen appears.

Example:

When GM MODE is turned off

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MIDI

2. Use the [+] and [–] or [0] and [1] buttons to turn

the setting on and off.

Example:

To turn GM MODE on

1 Lit

KEYBOARD CHANNEL

The keyboard channel is the channel used to send MIDI
messages from this keyboard to an external device. You can
specify one channel from 1 to 16 as the keyboard channel.

1. Press the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button

until the KEYBOARD CHANNEL screen
appears.

2. Use the [+], [–], and the number buttons to

change the channel number.

Example:

To specify channel 4

1. Press the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button

until the NAVIGATE CHANNEL screen
appears.

2. Use the [+], [–], and the number buttons [1]

through [8] to change the channel number.

Example:

To specify channel 2

 The navigate channel automatically changes to 1

whenever you turn MIDI IN CHORD JUDGE.

J To turn off specific sounds before playing back

MIDI data that is being received

Navigate channel on/off

1. While playing MIDI data, press the RIGHT/

TRACK 2 button.

 This cuts the sound of the navigate channel, but

keyboard keys continue to light in accordance
with the channel’s data as it is received. Press the
RIGHT/TRACK 2 button again to turn the
channel back on.

NAVIGATE CHANNEL (Default: 4)

When MIDI messages are received from an external device
for play on this keyboard, the navigate channel is the channel
whose note data appears on the display and is used to light
keyboard keys. You can select one channel from 1 to 8 as the
navigate channel. Since this setting lets you use the data on
any channel of commercially available MIDI software to light
the keyboard keys, you can analyze how different parts of an
arrangement are played.

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Next lower channel from navigate channel on/off

1. While playing MIDI data, press the LEFT/

TRACK 1 button.

 This cuts the sound of the channel whose number

is one less than the navigate channel, but
keyboard keys continue to light in accordance
with the channel’s data as it is received. Press the
LEFT/TRACK 1 button again to turn the channel
back on.

Example:

If the navigate channel is channel 4, the above
operation turns off channel 3. If the navigate
channel is channel 1 or 2, the above operation
turns off channel 8.

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MIDI

MIDI IN CHORD JUDGE (Default: Off)

J on

When a chord specification method is selected by the MODE
switch, chords are specified by the keyboard channel note
data input from the MIDI IN terminal.

J oFF

MIDI IN CHORD JUDGE is turned off.

1. Press the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button

until the MIDI IN CHORD JUDGE screen
appears.

2. Use the [+] and [–] or [0] and [1] buttons to turn

the setting on and off.

Example:

To turn MIDI IN CHORD JUDGE on

the no sound is produced by the keyboard if LOCAL
CONTROL is turned off and no external device is connected.

1. Press the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button

until the LOCAL CONTROL screen appears.

Example:

When LOCAL CONTROL is on

2. Use the [+] and [–] or [0] and [1] buttons to turn

the setting on and off.

Example:

To turn LOCAL CONTROL off

 MIDI IN CHORD JUDGE automatically turns off whenever

you change the navigate channel to any channel besides

01.

LOCAL CONTROL (Default: On)

This setting determines whether or not the keyboard and
sound source of this keyboard are connected internally. When
recording to a computer or other external device connected to
this keyboard’s MIDI IN/OUT terminal, it helps if you turn
LOCAL CONTROL off.

J on

Anything played on the keyboard is sounded by the internal
sound source and simultaneously output as a MIDI message
from the MIDI OUT terminal.

J oFF

Anything played on the keyboard is output as a MIDI
message from the MIDI OUT terminal, without being
sounded by the internal sound source. Turn LOCAL
CONTROL off whenever you are using the MIDI THRU
function of a computer or other external device. Also note that

LOCAL CONTROL On

Notes played on the
keyboard are sounded by
the internal sound source
and output as MIDI
messages from the MIDI
OUT terminal.

LOCAL CONTROL Off

Notes played on the
keyboard are output as
MIDI messages from the
MIDI OUT terminal, but
not sounded directly by the
internal sound source. The
MIDI THRU terminal of
the connected device can
be used to return the MIDI
message and sound it on
this keyboard’s sound
source.

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MIDI

ACCOMP MIDI OUT (Default: Off)

J on

Auto Accompaniment is played by the keyboard and the
corresponding MIDI message is output from the MIDI OUT
terminal.

J oFF

Auto Accompaniment MIDI messages are not output from
the MIDI OUT terminal.

1. Press the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button

until the ACCOMP MIDI OUT screen appears.

Example:

When ACCOMP MIDI OUT is off

2. Use the [+] and [–] or [0] and [1] buttons to turn

the setting on and off.

Example:

To turn ACCOMP MIDI OUT on

2. Use the [+] and [–] or [0] and [1] buttons to

change the setting.

Example:

To select touch curve 1

SUSTAIN/ASSIGNABLE JACK

J SUS (sustain)

Specifies a sustain*1 effect when the pedal is depressed.

J SoS (sostenuto)

Specifies a sostenuto*2 effect when the pedal is depressed.

J SFt (soft)

Specifies reduction of the sound’s volume when the pedal is
depressed.

J rHy (rhythm)

Specifies the START/STOP button operation when the pedal
is depressed.

TOUCH CURVE (Default: 0)

J 0

Normal touch curve

J 1

Louder than normal tone, even when little pressure is used to
press keyboard keys. When touch response is turned off,
sound is produced at a louder volume than normal.

1. Press the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button

until the TOUCH CURVE SELECT screen
appears.

1. Press the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button

until the SUSTAIN/ASSIGNABLE JACK screen
appears.

Example:

When sustain is currently set

2. Use the [+] and [–] or [0], [1], [2], and [3] buttons

to change the setting.

Example:

To select rhythm

*1. Sustain

With piano tones and other sounds that decay, the pedal
acts as a damper pedal, with sounds being sustained
longer when the pedal is depressed. With organ tones
and other continuous sounds, notes played on the
keyboard continue to sound until the pedal is released.
In either case, the sustain effect is also applied to any
notes that are played while the pedal is depressed.

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MIDI

*2. Sostenuto

This effect performs the same way as sustain, except that
it is applied only to notes that are sounding already
when the pedal is depressed. It does not affect notes that
are played after the pedal is depressed.

SOUND RANGE SHIFT (Default: On)

J on

Shifts low range tones one octave lower and “072 PICCOLO”
one octave higher.

Messages

There is a wide variety of messages defined under the MIDI
standard, and this section details the particular messages that
can be sent and received by this keyboard. An asterisk is used
to mark messages that affect the entire keyboard. Messages
without an asterisk are those that affect only a particular
channel.

NOTE ON/OFF

This message sends data when a key is pressed (NOTE ON)
or released (NOTE OFF).
A NOTE ON/OFF message include a note number (to indicate
note whose key is being pressed or released) and velocity
(keyboard pressure as a value from 1 to 127). NOTE ON
velocity is always used to determine the relative volume of
the note. This keyboard does not receive NOTE OFF velocity
data.
Whenever you press or release a key on this keyboard, the
corresponding NOTE ON or NOTE OFF message is sent from
the MIDI OUT terminal.

J oFF

Plays low range tones and “072 PICCOLO” at their normal
levels.

1. Press the TRANSPOSE/TUNE/MIDI button

until the SOUND RANGE SHIFT screen
appears.

2. Use the [+] and [–] or [0] and [1] buttons to

change the setting.

Example:

To turn SOUND RANGE SHIFT off

 The pitch of a note depends on the tone that is being used,

as shown in the “Note Table” on page A-1. Whenever this
keyboard receives a note number that is outside its range
for that tone, the same tone in the nearest available octave
is substituted.

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MIDI

PROGRAM CHANGE

This is the tone selection message. PROGRAM CHANGE can
contain tone data within the range of 0 to 127.
A PROGRAM CHANGE message is sent out through this
keyboard’s MIDI OUT terminal whenever you manually
change its tone number. Receipt of a PROGRAM CHANGE
message from an external machine changes the tone setting of
this keyboard.

 This keyboard supports 128 tones in the range 0 to 127.

However, Channel 10 is a percussion-only channel, and
Channels 0, 8, 16, 24, 25, 32, 40, 48, and 62 correspond to
the nine drum set sounds of this keyboard.

PITCH BEND

This message carries pitch bend information for smoothly
sliding the pitch upwards or downwards during keyboard
play. This keyboard does not send pitch bend data, but it can
receive such data.

CONTROL CHANGE

This message adds effects such as vibrato and volume
changes applied during keyboard play. CONTROL
CHANGE data includes a control number (to identify the
effect type) and a control value (to specify the on/off status
and depth of the effect).

The following is a list of data that can be sent or received
using CONTROL CHANGE.

* RPN stands for Registered Parameter Number, which is a

special control change number used when combining
multiple control changes. The parameter being controlled
is selected using the control values of control numbers
100 and 101, and then settings are made using the control
values of DATA ENTRY (control numbers 6 and 38).
This keyboard uses RPN to control this keyboard’s pitch
bend sense (pitch change width in accordance with bend
data) from another external MIDI device, transpose (this
keyboard’s overall tuning adjusted in halftone units), and
tune (this keyboard’s overall fine tuning).

 Sustain (control number 64), sostenuto (control number

66), and soft (control number 67) effects applied using the
foot pedal are also applied.

ALL SOUND OFF

This message forces all sound being produced over the
current channel to turn off, regardless of how the sound is
being produced.

ALL NOTES OFF

This message turns off all note data sent from an external
device and currently being sounded on the channel.

 Any notes being sustained using a sustain pedal or

sostenuto pedal continue to sound until the next pedal
off.

RESET ALL CONTROLLERS

Effect Control Number

Modulation 1

Volume 7

Pan 10

Expression 11

Hold 1 64

Sostenuto 66

Soft Pedal 67

RPN* 100 / 101

Data Entry 6/38

indicates receive-only messages

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This messages initializes pitch bend and all other control
changes.

SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE*

This message is used to control system exclusives, which are
tone fine adjustments that are unique to a particular machine.
Originally, system exclusives were unique to a particular
model, but now there are also universal system exclusives
that are applicable to machines that are different models and
even produced by different manufacturers.
The following are the system exclusive messages supported
by this keyboard.

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MIDI

J GM SYSTEM ON ([F0][7E][7F][09][01][F7])

GM SYSTEM ON is used by an external machine to turn on
this keyboard’s GM system. GM stands for General MIDI.

 GM SYSTEM ON takes more time to process than other

messages, so when GM SYSTEM ON is stored in the
sequencer it can take more than 100msec until the next
message.

J GM SYSTEM OFF ([F0][7E][7F][09][02][F7])

GM SYSTEM OFF is used by an external machine to turn off
this keyboard’s GM system.

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