Cambium Networks 89FT0020 Users manual
User Guide
For Regulatory Review
Only
System Release 2.6.1
Product Description
System Planning
Configuration
Operation and
Troubleshooting
Legal and Reference
Information
CAMBIUM NETWORKS
Accuracy
While reasonable efforts have been made to assure the accuracy of this document, Cambium
Networks assumes no liability resulting from any inaccuracies or omissions in this document, or
from use of the information obtained herein. Cambium reserves the right to make changes to
any products described herein to improve reliability, function, or design, and reserves the right
to revise this document and to make changes from time to time in content hereof with no
obligation to notify any person of revisions or changes. Cambium does not assume any liability
arising out of the application or use of any product, software, or circuit described herein; neither
does it convey license under its patent rights or the rights of others. It is possible that this
publication may contain references to, or information about Cambium products (machines and
programs), programming, or services that are not announced in your country. Such references
or information must not be construed to mean that Cambium intends to announce such
Cambium products, programming or services in your country.
Copyrights
This document, Cambium products, and 3rd Party software products described in this document
may include or describe copyrighted Cambium and other 3
stored in semiconductor memories or other media. Laws in the United States and other
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exclusive rights for copyrighted material, including the exclusive right to copy, reproduce in any
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contained in the Cambium products described in this document may not be copied, reproduced,
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permission of Cambium. Furthermore, the purchase of Cambium products shall not be deemed
to grant either directly or by implication, estoppel, or otherwise, any license under the
copyrights, patents or patent applications of Cambium or other 3rd Party supplied software,
except for the normal non-exclusive, royalty free license to use that arises by operation of law in
the sale of a product.
Restrictions
Software and documentation are copyrighted materials. Making unauthorized copies is
prohibited by law. No part of the software or documentation may be reproduced, transmitted,
transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language,
in any form or by any means, without prior written permission of Cambium.
License Agreements
The software described in this document is the property of Cambium and its licensors. It is
furnished by express license agreement only and may be used only in accordance with the
terms of such an agreement.
High Risk Materials
Cambium and its supplier(s) specifically disclaim any express or implied warranty of fitness for
any high risk activities or uses of its products including, but not limited to, the operation of
nuclear facilities, aircraft navigation or aircraft communication systems, air traffic control, life
support, or weapons systems (“High Risk Use”). Any High Risk is unauthorized, is made at your
own risk and you shall be responsible for any and all losses, damage or claims arising out of any
High Risk Use.
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Party supplied computer programs
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Party software supplied material
© 2016 Cambium Networks Limited. All Rights Reserved.
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Safety and regulatory information
This section describes important safety and regulatory guidelines that must be observed by
personnel installing or operating ePMP equipment.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
Warning
To prevent loss of life or physical injury, observe the safety guidelines in this section.
Power lines
Exercise extreme care when working near power lines.
Working at heights
Exercise extreme care when working at heights.
Grounding and protective earth
Connectorized ePMP devices must be properly grounded to protect against lightning. It is the
user’s responsibility to install the equipment in accordance with national regulations. In the USA,
follow Section 810 of the National Electric Code, ANSI/NFPA No.70-1984 (USA). In Canada, follow
Section 54 of the Canadian Electrical Code. These codes describe correct installation procedures
for grounding the outdoor unit, mast, lead-in wire and discharge unit, size of grounding
conductors and connection requirements for grounding electrodes. Other regulations may apply in
different countries and therefore it is recommended that installation be contracted to a
professional installer.
Powering down before servicing
Always power down and unplug the equipment before servicing.
Primary disconnect device
The ePMP power supply is the primary disconnect device.
External cables
Safety may be compromised if outdoor rated cables are not used for connections that will be
exposed to the outdoor environment.
RF exposure near the antenna
Strong radio frequency (RF) fields will be present close to the antenna when the transmitter is on.
Always turn off the power to the ePMP device before undertaking maintenance activities in front of
the antenna.
Minimum separation distances
Install the ePMP device so as to provide and maintain the minimum separation distances from all
persons.
The minimum separation distances for each frequency variant are specified in Calculated distances
and power compliance margins on page 193.
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IMPORTANT REGULATORY INFORMATION
The ePMP product is certified as an unlicensed device in frequency bands where it is not allowed
to cause interference to licensed services (called primary users of the bands).
Radar avoidance
In countries where radar systems are the primary band users, the regulators have mandated
special requirements to protect these systems from interference caused by unlicensed devices.
Unlicensed devices must detect and avoid co-channel operation with radar systems.
The ePMP provides detect and avoid functionality for countries and frequency bands requiring
protection for radar systems.
Installers and users must meet all local regulatory requirements for radar detection. To meet these
requirements, users must set the correct country code during commissioning of the ePMP
equipment. If this is not done, installers and users may be liable to civil and criminal penalties.
Contact the Cambium helpdesk if more guidance is required.
USA and Canada specific information
The USA Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has asked manufacturers to implement
special features to prevent interference to weather radar systems that operate in the band 5600
MHz to 5650 MHz. These features must be implemented in all products able to operate outdoors in
the band 5470 MHz to 5725 MHz.
Manufacturers must ensure that such radio products cannot be configured to operate outside of
FCC rules; specifically it must not be possible to disable or modify the radar protection functions
that have been demonstrated to the FCC.
In order to comply with these FCC requirements, Cambium supplies variants of the ePMP for
operation in the USA or Canada. These variants are only allowed to operate with license keys and
country codes that comply with FCC/IC rules. In particular, operation of radio channels overlapping
the band 5600-5650 MHz is not allowed and these channels are permanently barred.
In addition, other channels may also need to be barred when operating close to weather radar
installations.
Note
To ensure compliance with FCC rules (KDB 443999: Interim Plans to Approve UNII Devices
Operating in the 5470 - 5725 MHz Band with Radar Detection and DFS Capabilities), follow
Avoidance of weather radars on page 86.
Other variants of the ePMP are available for use in the rest of the world, but these variants are not
supplied to the USA or Canada except under strict controls, when they are needed for export and
deployment outside the USA or Canada.
Specific expertise and training required for professional installers
To ensure that the ePMP is installed and configured in compliance with the requirements of
Industry Canada and the FCC, installers must have the radio engineering skills and training
described in this section. This is particularly important when installing and configuring an ePMP
system for operation in the 5 GHz band (5150 – 5250 MHz – FCC only, 5250 – 5350 MHz, 5470 – 5725
MHz and 5725 – 5850 MHz).
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Avoidance of weather radars
The installer must be familiar with the requirements in FCC KDB 443999. Essentially, the installer
must be able to:
Access the FCC database of weather radar location and channel frequencies.
Use this information to correctly configure the product (using the GUI) to avoid operation on
channels that must be avoided according to the guidelines that are contained in the KDB and
explained in detail in this user guide.
In ETSI regions, the band 5600 MHz to 5650 MHz is reserved for the use of weather radars.
External antennas
When using a connectorized version of the product (as compared to the version with an integrated
antenna), the conducted transmit power must be reduced to ensure the regulatory limit on
transmitter EIRP is not exceeded. The installer must have an understanding of how to compute the
effective antenna gain from the actual antenna gain and the antenna cable losses.
The product GUI automatically applies the correct conducted power limit to ensure that it is not
possible for the installation to exceed the EIRP limit, when the appropriate values for antenna gain
are entered into the GUI.
Ethernet networking skills
The installer must have the ability to configure IP addressing on a PC and to set up and control
products using a web browser interface.
Lightning protection
To protect outdoor radio installations from the impact of lightning strikes, the installer must be
familiar with the normal procedures for site selection, bonding and grounding. Installation
guidelines for the ePMP can be found in section System planning on page 82.
Training
The installer needs to have basic competence in radio and IP network installation. The specific
requirements applicable to the ePMP must be gained by reading this user guide and by performing
sample setups at base workshop before live deployments.
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Contents
Safety and regulatory information ...................................................................................... 3
Important safety information ............................................................................................. 3
Important regulatory information ...................................................................................... 4
Contents ....................................................................................................................... 6
About This User Guide .............................................................................................. 12
General information ............................................................................................................13
Version information .......................................................................................................... 13
Contacting Cambium Networks ....................................................................................... 14
Problems and warranty .......................................................................................................16
Security advice ....................................................................................................................17
Warnings, cautions, and notes ...........................................................................................18
Caring for the environment ................................................................................................19
Product description ................................................................................................... 20
Overview of ePMP ...............................................................................................................21
Purpose .............................................................................................................................. 21
Key features ....................................................................................................................... 21
Typical deployment Equipment ....................................................................................... 22
Wireless operation ..............................................................................................................23
Time division duplexing ................................................................................................... 23
OFDM and channel bandwidth ........................................................................................ 23
Adaptive modulation ........................................................................................................ 23
MIMO .................................................................................................................................. 23
Radar avoidance ................................................................................................................ 24
Encryption .......................................................................................................................... 24
Country codes .................................................................................................................... 24
Smart Beamforming ......................................................................................................... 25
PMP networks .................................................................................................................... 25
Further reading on wireless operation ............................................................................ 26
System management ..........................................................................................................27
Management agent ........................................................................................................... 27
Web server ......................................................................................................................... 27
SNMP ................................................................................................................................. 29
Network Time Protocol (NTP) .......................................................................................... 29
Cambium Network Services Server ................................................................................. 29
Software upgrade .............................................................................................................. 29
Further reading on system management ........................................................................ 29
System hardware ...................................................................................................... 30
Site planning .......................................................................................................................31
Site installation .................................................................................................................. 31
Grounding and lightning protection ................................................................................ 31
Lightning protection zones ............................................................................................... 32
ePMP 2000 ................................................................................................................. 33
Connectorized Radio with Sync ..........................................................................................33
Connectorized Radio with Sync description ................................................................... 33
Connectorized Radio with Sync part numbers ............................................................... 34
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Connectorized Radio with Sync mounting bracket ........................................................ 35
Connectorized Radio with Sync interfaces ...................................................................... 35
Connectorized Radio with Sync LEDs .............................................................................. 36
Connectorized Radio with Sync specifications ............................................................... 37
Connectorized Radio with Sync heater ........................................................................... 38
Connectorized Radio with Sync and external antenna location .................................... 38
Connectorized Radio with Sync wind loading ................................................................ 39
Connectorized Radio with Sync software packages ....................................................... 39
Connectorized Radio with Sync, antennas and antenna cabling .................................. 40
Antenna requirements ...................................................................................................... 40
FCC and IC approved antennas ........................................................................................ 40
ePMP 1000 ................................................................................................................. 41
Connectorized Radio with Sync ..........................................................................................41
Connectorized Radio with Sync description ................................................................... 41
Connectorized Radio with Sync part numbers ............................................................... 42
Connectorized Radio with Sync mounting bracket ........................................................ 42
Connectorized Radio with Sync interfaces ...................................................................... 43
Connectorized Radio with Sync LEDs .............................................................................. 44
Connectorized Radio with Sync specifications ............................................................... 45
Connectorized Radio with Sync heater ........................................................................... 46
Connectorized Radio with Sync and external antenna location .................................... 46
Connectorized Radio with Sync wind loading ................................................................ 47
Connectorized Radio with Sync software packages ....................................................... 47
Connectorized Radio with Sync, antennas and antenna cabling .................................. 48
Antenna requirements ...................................................................................................... 48
FCC and IC approved antennas ........................................................................................ 48
Integrated Radio ..................................................................................................................49
Integrated Radio description ............................................................................................ 49
Integrated Radio part numbers ........................................................................................ 50
Integrated Radio mounting bracket ................................................................................. 50
Integrated Radio interfaces .............................................................................................. 51
Integrated Radio LEDs ...................................................................................................... 52
Integrated Radio specifications ........................................................................................ 52
Integrated Radio heater .................................................................................................... 53
Integrated Radio wind loading ......................................................................................... 53
Integrated Radio software packages ............................................................................... 54
Connectorized Radio ...........................................................................................................55
Connectorized Radio description ..................................................................................... 55
Connectorized Radio part numbers ................................................................................. 56
Connectorized Radio mounting bracket .......................................................................... 56
Connectorized Radio Interfaces ....................................................................................... 57
Connectorized Radio LEDs ............................................................................................... 58
Connectorized Radio specifications ................................................................................. 59
Connectorized Radio heater ............................................................................................. 60
Connectorized Radio and external antenna location ..................................................... 60
Connectorized Radio wind loading .................................................................................. 61
Connectorized Radio software packages ........................................................................ 61
Connectorized Radio antennas and antenna cabling ..................................................... 62
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Antenna requirements ...................................................................................................... 62
FCC and IC approved antennas ........................................................................................ 62
Force 180 .............................................................................................................................63
Force 180 description ........................................................................................................ 63
Force 180 part numbers .................................................................................................... 64
Force 180 mounting bracket ............................................................................................. 64
Force 180 interfaces .......................................................................................................... 65
Force 180 LEDs .................................................................................................................. 66
Force 180 specifications .................................................................................................... 66
Force 180 heater ................................................................................................................ 67
Force 180 wind loading ..................................................................................................... 67
Force 180 software packages ........................................................................................... 68
Force 200 .............................................................................................................................69
Force 200 description ........................................................................................................ 69
Force 200 part numbers .................................................................................................... 70
Force 200 mounting bracket ............................................................................................. 71
Force 200 interfaces .......................................................................................................... 72
Force 200 LEDs .................................................................................................................. 73
Force 200 specifications .................................................................................................... 73
Force 200 heater ................................................................................................................ 74
Force 200 wind loading ..................................................................................................... 74
Force 200 software packages ........................................................................................... 75
Power Supply ......................................................................................................................76
Power supply description ................................................................................................. 76
Power supply part numbers ............................................................................................. 76
Power supply interfaces ................................................................................................... 77
Power supply specifications ............................................................................................. 78
Power supply location ...................................................................................................... 78
Ethernet cabling ..................................................................................................................79
Ethernet standards and cable lengths ............................................................................. 79
Outdoor Cat5e cable ......................................................................................................... 79
Surge Suppression unit ......................................................................................................80
Cambium 600SSH details ................................................................................................. 81
System planning ....................................................................................................... 82
Radio spectrum planning ....................................................................................................83
General wireless specifications ........................................................................................ 83
Regulatory limits ............................................................................................................... 84
Conforming to the limits ................................................................................................... 84
Available spectrum ........................................................................................................... 85
Channel bandwidth ........................................................................................................... 85
Avoidance of weather radars ........................................................................................... 86
Link planning .......................................................................................................................87
Range and obstacles ......................................................................................................... 87
Path loss ............................................................................................................................. 87
Adaptive modulation ........................................................................................................ 87
Planning for connectorized units ........................................................................................88
Calculating maximum power level for connectorized units .......................................... 88
Data network planning ........................................................................................................90
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Ethernet interfaces ............................................................................................................ 90
Management VLAN ........................................................................................................... 91
Quality of service for bridged Ethernet traffic ................................................................ 91
Configuration ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Preparing for configuration ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Safety precautions .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Regulatory compliance ....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Connecting to the unit ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Configuring the management PC ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Connecting to the PC and powering up ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Using the web interface ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Logging into the web interface .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Layout of the web interface ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Configuring connectorized radios using the Quick Start menu......... Error! Bookmark not
defined.
Configuring SM units using the Quick Start menu .............. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Using the AP menu options ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
AP Configure menu ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
AP Monitor menu ................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
AP Tools menu .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Using the SM menu options .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
SM Configuration menu ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
SM Monitor menu ............................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
SM Tools menu ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Radius Server ......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Installing Free-radius on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Configuring Free-radius server .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Configuring radius parameters on AP ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Configuring radius parameters on SM .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Configuring MIR profiles .................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Creating certificate for Radius server and SM device ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Operation and Troubleshooting ............................................................................... 92
General Planning for Troubleshooting ..............................................................................93
General Fault Isolation Process ........................................................................................ 93
Questions to Help Isolate the Problem ............................................................................ 94
Upgrading device software ................................................................................................95
Upgrading on-board GPS chip firmware ...........................................................................96
Testing hardware ................................................................................................................97
Checking the power supply LED ...................................................................................... 97
Power LED is off ................................................................................................................ 97
Ethernet LED is off ............................................................................................................. 97
Troubleshooting the radio link ...........................................................................................99
Module has lost or does not establish radio connectivity ............................................. 99
Link is unreliable or does not achieve data rates required .......................................... 100
Module Has Lost or Does Not Gain GPS Synchronization .......................................... 100
Using the device external reset button ............................................................................ 101
Resetting ePMP to factory defaults by power cycling ..................................................... 103
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Legal and reference information ............................................................................ 104
Cambium Networks end user license agreement ........................................................... 105
Acceptance of this agreement ........................................................................................ 105
Definitions ........................................................................................................................ 105
Grant of license ............................................................................................................... 105
Conditions of use ............................................................................................................ 105
Title and restrictions ....................................................................................................... 106
Confidentiality ................................................................................................................. 107
Right to use Cambium’s name ....................................................................................... 107
Transfer ............................................................................................................................ 107
Updates ............................................................................................................................ 107
Maintenance .................................................................................................................... 107
Disclaimer ........................................................................................................................ 108
Limitation of liability ....................................................................................................... 108
U.S. government ............................................................................................................. 108
Term of license ................................................................................................................ 109
Governing law ................................................................................................................. 109
Assignment ...................................................................................................................... 109
Survival of provisions ..................................................................................................... 109
Entire agreement ............................................................................................................. 109
Third party software ........................................................................................................ 109
Preamble .......................................................................................................................... 120
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION ... 121
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS .............................................................................. 126
Hardware warranty ........................................................................................................... 186
Limit of liability .................................................................................................................. 187
System threshold, output power and link loss ................................................................ 188
Dynamic transmitter output power .................................................................................. 190
Compliance with safety standards ................................................................................... 191
Electrical safety compliance ........................................................................................... 191
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) compliance ....................................................... 191
Human exposure to radio frequency energy ................................................................ 192
Compliance with radio regulations .................................................................................. 206
Type approvals ................................................................................................................ 206
FCC and ETSI compliance testing .................................................................................. 207
Examples of regulatory limits ........................................................................................ 210
Notifications ...................................................................................................................... 226
2.4 GHz, 5.4 GHz regulatory compliance ....................................................................... 226
5.8 GHz regulatory compliance ...................................................................................... 232
Thailand notification ....................................................................................................... 235
Data throughput tables ..................................................................................................... 236
Data throughput capacity ............................................................................................... 236
Radio Specifications .......................................................................................................... 239
ePMP 2000 Connectorized Radio with Sync Specifications ......................................... 239
ePMP 1000 Connectorized Radio with Sync Specifications ......................................... 241
ePMP 1000 Integrated Radio Specifications ................................................................. 246
ePMP 1000 Connectorized Radio Specifications .......................................................... 250
Force 180 Specifications ................................................................................................. 254
Force 200 Specifications ................................................................................................. 256
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Glossary ............................................................................................................................. 259
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About This User Guide
This guide describes the planning, installation, configuration and operation of the Cambium ePMP
Series of point-to-multipoint wireless Ethernet systems. It is intended for use by the system
designer, system installer and system administrator.
For radio network design, see:
Product description
System hardware
System planning
Legal and reference information
For system configuration, monitoring and fault finding, see:
Configuration
Operation and Troubleshooting
For radio equipment installation, refer to the following guides:
The ePMP Quick Start Guide
The ePMP Installation Guide
Note
The ePMP Installation Guide is reproduced as an addendum to this user guide.
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General information
VERSION INFORMATION
The following shows the issue status of this document:
Issue Date of issue Remarks
001v000 October 2013 System Release 1.0 (Software Release 1.1.6)
002v000 December 2013 System Release 1.0 (Software Release 1.2.3)
003v000 January 2014 System Release 1.0 (Software Release 1.3.4)
004v000 March 2014 System Release 1.0 (Software Release 1.4.1)
005v000 March 2014 System Release 1.0 (Software Release 1.4.3)
006v000 April 2014 System Release 1.0 (Software Release 1.4.4)
007v000 June 2014 System Release 2.0 (Software Release 2.0)
008v000 July 2014 System Release 2.1 (Software Release 2.1)
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010v000 September 2014 System Release 2.2 (Software Release 2.2)
011v000 October 2014 System Release 2.3 (Software Release 2.3)
012v000 November 2014 System Release 2.3.1 (Software Release 2.3.1)
013v000 December 2014 System Release 2.3.3 (Software Release 2.3.3)
014v000 December 2014 System Release 2.3.4 (Software Release 2.3.4)
015v000 March 2015 System Release 2.4 (Software Release 2.4)
016v000 April 2015 System Release 2.4.1 (Software Release 2.4.1)
System Release 2.4.2 (Software Release 2.4.2)
017v000 June 2015 System Release 2.4.3 (Software Release 2.4.3)
018v000 August 2015 System Release 2.5 (Software Release 2.5)
019v000 October 2015 System Release 2.5.1 (Software Release 2.5.1)
020v000 November 2015 System Release 2.5.2 (Software Release 2.5.2)
021v000 December 2015 System Release 2.6 (Software Release 2.6)
022v000 February 2016 System Release 2.6.1 (Software Release 2.6.1)
023v000 June 2016 ePMP 2000 Release
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CONTACTING CAMBIUM NETWORKS
Support website: http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/support
Main website: http://www.cambiumnetworks.com
Sales enquiries: solutions@cambiumnetworks.com
Support enquiries: support@cambiumnetworks.com
Telephone number list: http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/support/contact-support/
Address: Cambium Networks Limited,
3800 Golf Road, Suite 360
Rolling Meadows, IL 60008
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Purpose
Cambium Networks ePMP documents are intended to instruct and assist personnel in the
operation, installation and maintenance of the Cambium ePMP equipment and ancillary devices. It
is recommended that all personnel engaged in such activities be properly trained.
Cambium disclaims all liability whatsoever, implied or expressed, for any risk of damage, loss or
reduction in system performance arising directly or indirectly out of the failure of the customer, or
anyone acting on the customer's behalf, to abide by the instructions, system parameters, or
recommendations made in this document.
Cross references
References to external publications are shown in italics. Other cross references, emphasized in
green text in electronic versions, are active links to the references.
Feedback
We appreciate feedback from the users of our documents. This includes feedback on the structure,
content, accuracy, or completeness of our documents.
For feedback, e-mail to support@cambiumnetworks.com.
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Problems and warranty
Reporting problems
If any problems are encountered when installing or operating this equipment, follow this
procedure to investigate and report:
1 Search this document and the software release notes of supported releases.
2 Visit the support website:
http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/support/
3 Ask for assistance from the Cambium product supplier.
4 Gather information from affected units, such as any available diagnostic downloads.
5 Escalate the problem by emailing or telephoning support:
http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/support/contact-support
Repair and service
If unit failure is suspected, obtain details of the Return Material Authorization (RMA) process from
the support website.
Warranty
Cambium’s standard hardware warranty is for one (1) year from date of shipment from Cambium
or a Cambium distributor. Cambium warrants that hardware will conform to the relevant published
specifications and will be free from material defects in material and workmanship under normal
use and service. Cambium shall within this time, at its own option, either repair or replace the
defective product within thirty (30) days of receipt of the defective product. Repaired or replaced
product will be subject to the original warranty period but not less than thirty (30) days.
To register PMP products or activate warranties, visit the support website.
For warranty assistance, contact the reseller or distributor.
Caution
Do not open the radio housing for repair or diagnostics; there are no serviceable parts within
the housing.
Portions of Cambium equipment may be damaged from exposure to electrostatic discharge.
Use precautions to prevent damage.
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Security advice
Cambium Networks systems and equipment provide security parameters that can be configured
by the operator based on their particular operating environment. Cambium recommends setting
and using these parameters following industry recognized security practices. Security aspects to
be considered are protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information and
assets. Assets include the ability to communicate, information about the nature of the
communications, and information about the parties involved.
In certain instances Cambium makes specific recommendations regarding security practices,
however the implementation of these recommendations and final responsibility for the security of
the system lies with the operator of the system.
Cambium Networks ePMP equipment is shipped with default web management interface login
credentials. It is highly recommended that these usernames and passwords are modified prior to
system deployment.
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Warnings, cautions, and notes
The following describes how warnings and cautions are used in this document and in all
documents of the Cambium Networks document set.
Warnings
Warnings precede instructions that contain potentially hazardous situations. Warnings are used to
alert the reader to possible hazards that could cause loss of life or physical injury. A warning has
the following format:
Warning
Warning text and consequence for not following the instructions in the warning.
Cautions
Cautions precede instructions and are used when there is a possibility of damage to systems,
software, or individual items of equipment within a system. However, this damage presents no
danger to personnel. A caution has the following format:
Caution
Caution text and consequence for not following the instructions in the caution.
Notes
A note means that there is a possibility of an undesirable situation or provides additional
information to help the reader understand a topic or concept. A note has the following format:
Note
Note text.
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Caring for the environment
The following information describes national or regional requirements for the disposal of
Cambium Networks supplied equipment and for the approved disposal of surplus packaging.
In EU countries
The following information is provided to enable regulatory compliance with the European Union
(EU) directives identified and any amendments made to these directives when using Cambium
equipment in EU countries.
Disposal of Cambium equipment
European Union (EU) Directive 2002/96/EC Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)
Do not dispose of Cambium equipment in landfill sites. For disposal instructions, see
http://www.cambiumnetworks.com/support
Disposal of surplus packaging
Do not dispose of surplus packaging in landfill sites. In the EU, it is the individual recipient’s
responsibility to ensure that packaging materials are collected and recycled according to the
requirements of EU environmental law.
In non-EU countries
In non-EU countries, dispose of Cambium equipment and all surplus packaging in accordance with
national and regional regulations.
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Product description
This chapter provides a high level description of the ePMP product. It describes the function of the
product, the main product variants and typical deployment. It also describes the main hardware
components.
The following topics are described in this chapter:
The key features, typical uses, product variants and components of the ePMP are explained in
Overview of ePMP on page 21.
How the ePMP wireless link is operated, including modulation modes, power control and
security is described under Wireless operation on page 23.
The ePMP management system, including the web interface, installation, configuration, alerts
and upgrades is described in System management on page 27.
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Overview of ePMP
This section introduces the key features, typical uses, product variants and components of the
ePMP.
PURPOSE
Cambium ePMP Series products are designed for Ethernet bridging over point-to-multipoint
microwave links in the unlicensed 5 GHz and 2.4 GHz bands. Users must ensure that the ePMP
Series complies with local operating regulations.
The ePMP Series acts as a transparent bridge between two segments of the operator and
customers’ networks. In this sense, it can be treated as a virtual wired connection between the
Access Point and the Subscriber Module. The ePMP Series forwards 802.3 Ethernet packets
destined for the other part of the network and filters packets it does not need to forward.
KEY FEATURES
The ePMP is a high performance wireless bridge for Ethernet traffic with a maximum UDP
throughput of 200+ Mbps (40 MHz Channel Bandwidth). It is capable of operating in line-of-sight
(LOS) and near-LOS conditions. Its maximum LOS range is 13 mi (20 MHz channel bandwidth) or 9
mi (40 MHz channel bandwidth).
Utilizing GPS sync, the ePMP is an ideal fit for networks that require capacity and reliability for
superior QoS in remote and underserved areas. The integrated PTP and PMP solution features an
efficient GPS synchronized operational mode that permits highly scalable frequency reuse.
ePMP operates in the unlicensed 5 GHz and 2.4 GHz bands and supports a channel bandwidth of
up to 40 MHz. It is available with an integrated antenna or in connectorized version for use with an
external antenna.
The wireless link is primarily TDD based. System Release 1.2.3 added a Flexible Frame Ratio
option which provides improved latency and throughput under unsynchronized operational mode.
From a network point-of-view, the ePMP wireless link is a transparent Layer 2 bridge. It offers
limited switching capability in order to support a primary and a secondary (future release) Ethernet
port on the Subscriber Module.
ePMP supports quality of service (QoS) classification capability and supports three traffic priorities.
Management of the unit is conducted via the same interface as the bridged traffic (in-band
Management).
System Release 1.3.4 adds support for RADIUS EAP-TTLS authentication and VSA support for MIR.
When deployed with a sector antenna, the ePMP 1000 GPS Sync Radio can be configured as a GPS
synchronized Access Point serving ePMP Integrated Radios configured as Subscriber Modules.
When deployed with a high gain point to point antenna, the ePMP GPS Sync Radio can be
configured to be a GPS Synchronized Backhaul Master, forming a PTP link with another ePMP
Radio module.
A summary of the main ePMP characteristics is listed under Table 1.
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Table 1 Main characteristics of the ePMP Series
Characteristic Value
Topology PMP or PTP
Wireless link condition LOS, near LOS
Range 5 MHz: Up to 21 mi
10 MHz: Up to 17 mi
20 MHz: Up to 13 mi
40 MHz: Up to 9 mi
Scheduler TDD (Fixed or Flexible Ratios), ePTP,
Standard WiFi
Connectivity Ethernet
Operating frequencies ePMP 2000
Unlicensed bands, 5 GHz
ePMP 1000
Unlicensed bands, 5 GHz and 2.4 GHz
CAMBIUM NETWORKS
Channel bandwidth 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 20 MHz or 40 MHz
Data rate 200+ Mbps
TYPICAL DEPLOYMENT EQUIPMENT
The ePMP is a solution consisting of integrated or connectorized outdoor units, indoor power
supply units/LAN injectors, cabling and surge suppression equipment.
The main hardware components of an ePMP deployment are as follows:
Connectorized Radio with GPS Sync: A connectorized outdoor transceiver unit containing all
the radio, networking, and surge suppression electronics.
GPS Sync Connectorized Radio: An indoor power supply module providing Power-over-
Ethernet (PoE) supply and 1000/100/10 Base-TX to the Access Point.
Connectorized Radio Cabling and lightning protection: Shielded Cat5e cables, grounding
cables, and connectors.
Integrated Radio: An integrated-antenna outdoor transceiver unit containing all the radio,
networking, antenna, and surge suppression electronics.
Integrated or Un-sync Connectorized Radio: A connectorized outdoor transceiver unit
containing all the radio, networking and surge suppression electronics.
Integrated Radio Power Supply: An indoor power supply module providing Power-over-
Ethernet (PoE) supply and 100/10 Base-TX to the Subscriber Module.
Integrated Radio Cabling and lightning protection: Shielded Cat5e cables and connectors
For more information about these components, including interfaces, specifications and Cambium
part numbers, see System hardware on page 30.
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Wireless operation
This section describes how the ePMP wireless link is operated, including modulation modes,
power control and security.
TIME DIVISION DUPLEXING
TDD cycle
ePMP links operate using Time Division Duplexing (TDD). The links employ a TDD cycle in which
the APs determines which SMs may transmit and when based on the configured downlink/uplink
ratio (duty cycle). Three fixed Downlink/Uplink frame ratios are available – 75/25, 50/50 and 30/70.
A flexible frame ratio is available as a fourth option where the AP dynamically determines the
downlink and uplink ratio based on data demand in each direction.
OFDM AND CHANNEL BANDWIDTH
The ePMP series transmits using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). This
wideband signal consists of many equally spaced sub-carriers. Although each sub carrier is
modulated at a low rate using conventional modulation schemes, the resultant data rate from all
the sub-carriers is high.
The channel bandwidth of the OFDM signal is 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 20 MHz or 40 MHz, based on
operator configuration.
Each channel is offset in center frequency from its neighboring channel by 5 MHz.
ADAPTIVE MODULATION
The ePMP series can transport data over the wireless link using a number of different modulation
modes ranging from 64-QAM to QPSK. For a given channel bandwidth and TDD frame structure,
each modulation mode transports data at a fixed rate. Also, the receiver requires a given signal to
noise ratio in order to successfully demodulate a given modulation mode. Although the more
complex modulations such as 64QAM will transport data at a much higher rate than the less
complex modulation modes, the receiver requires a much higher signal to noise ratio.
The ePMP series provides an adaptive modulation scheme where the receiver constantly monitors
the quality of the received signal and notifies the far end of the link of the optimum modulation
mode with which to transmit. In this way, optimum capacity is achieved at all times.
MIMO
Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technique provides protection against fading and increases
the probability of a received decoded signal to be usable.
The ePMP transmits two signals on the same radio frequency, one of which is 90 degrees offset
from the other.
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CAMBIUM NETWORKS
RADAR AVOIDANCE
In regions where protection of radars is part of the local regulations, the ePMP must detect
interference from radar-like systems and avoid co-channel operation with these systems.
To meet this requirement, the ePMP implements the following features:
The equipment can only transmit on available channels, of which there are none at initial
power up. The radar detection algorithm will always scan a usable channel for 60 seconds for
radar interference before making the channel an available channel.
This compulsory channel scan will mean that there is at least 60 seconds service outage every
time radar is detected and that the installation time is extended by at least 60 seconds even if
there is found to be no radar on the channel
There is a secondary requirement for bands requiring radar avoidance. Regulators have mandated
that products provide a uniform loading of the spectrum across all devices. In general, this
prevents operation with fixed frequency allocations. However:
ETSI regulations do allow frequency planning of networks (as that has the same effect of
spreading the load across the spectrum).
The FCC does allow channels to be avoided if there is actually interference on them.
Note
When operating in a region which requires DFS, ensure that the AP is configured with alternate
frequencies and that the SM is configured to scan for these frequencies to avoid long outages.
ENCRYPTION
The ePMP supports optional encryption for data transmitted over the wireless link. The encryption
algorithm used is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with 128-bit key size. AES is a
symmetric encryption algorithm approved by U.S. Government organizations (and others) to
protect sensitive information.
COUNTRY CODES
Some aspects of wireless operation are controlled, enforced or restricted according to a country
code. ePMP country codes represent individual countries (for example Denmark) or regulatory
regions (for example FCC or ETSI).
Country codes affect the following aspects of wireless operation:
Maximum transmit power
Radar avoidance
Frequency range
Caution
To avoid possible enforcement action by the country regulator, always operate links in
accordance with local regulations
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SMART BEAMFORMING
ePMP 2000 Smart Beamforming drastically reduces the effects of on-channel interference. The
System learns the locations of each served Subscriber Module and forms a narrow beam towards
the desired Subscriber Module while that radio is transmitting in the uplink. This reduces the gain
on the uplink for on-channel interferers that are transmitting at an azimuth angle different than the
Subscriber Module, delivering performance gains never before seen.
INTELLIGENT FILTERING
ePMP 2000 Intelligent Filtering improves both receive and transmit performance. It protects the
network from off-channel interferers with a filter that dynamically moves around the channel. On
the transmit side, it protects the RF environment by reducing off-channel transmission noise.
PMP NETWORKS
Using frequency planning
Frequency planning is the exercise of assigning operating channels to PMP units so as to minimize
RF interference between links. Frequency planning must consider interference from any PMP unit
to any other PMP unit in the network. Low levels of interference normally allow for stable
operation and high link capacity.
The frequency planning task is made more straightforward by use of the following techniques:
Using several different channels
Separating units located on the same mast
Configuring a 5 MHz guard band between adjacent sector operating band edges.
For help with planning networks, see System planning. You can also contact your Cambium
distributor or re-seller.
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CAMBIUM NETWORKS
FURTHER READING ON WIRELESS OPERATION
For information on planning wireless operation, see:
The regulatory restrictions that affect radio spectrum usage, such as frequency range and
radar avoidance is described under Radio spectrum planning on page 83
The factors to be taken into account when planning links such as range, path loss and data
throughput are described under Link planning on page 87.
The safety specifications against which the ePMP has been tested are listed under on page . It
also describes how to keep RF exposure within safe limits.
How ePMP complies with the radio regulations that are enforced in various countries is
explained in Compliance with radio regulations on page 206.
Compliance with the radio regulations that are enforced in various regions is explained under
Notifications on page 224.
Tables and graphs to support calculation of the data rate capacity that can be provided by
ePMP configurations are available at Data throughput tables on page 236.
For more information on configuring and operating the wireless link, see:
The configuration parameters of the ePMP devices described under Configuration on page
Error! Bookmark not defined..
Post-installation procedures and troubleshooting tips explained under Operation and
Troubleshooting on page 92.
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CAMBIUM NETWORKS
System management
This section introduces the ePMP management system, including the web interface, installation,
alerts and upgrades, configuration and management software.
MANAGEMENT AGENT
ePMP equipment is managed through an embedded management agent. Management
workstations, network management systems or PCs can be connected to this agent using the
module’s Ethernet port or over the air (SM).
The management agent supports the following interfaces:
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol secure (HTTPs)
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
Network Time Protocol (NTP)
System logging (Syslog)
Cambium Network Services Server (CNSS) software
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
WEB SERVER
The ePMP management agent contains a web server. The web server supports access via the
HTTP and HTTPs interfaces.
Web-based management offers a convenient way to manage the ePMP equipment from a locally
connected computer or from a network management workstation connected through a
management network, without requiring any special management software. The web-based
interfaces are the only interfaces supported for installation of ePMP, and for the majority of ePMP
configuration management tasks.
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Figure 1 AP web-based management screenshot
CAMBIUM NETWORKS
Web pages
The web-based management interfaces provide comprehensive web-based fault, configuration,
performance and security management functions organized into the following web-pages and
groups:
Access Point and Subscriber Module web-pages:
Dashboard: The Dashboard web-page reports the general device status, session status,
remote subscriber status, event log information, and network interface status.
Configure: The Configuration web-page may be utilized for configuring general device
parameters, as well as IP, radio, SNMP, Quality of Service (QoS), security, time, VLAN, protocol
filtering, and unit settings.
Monitor: The Monitor web-page reports detailed operating statistics for the radio link and
network, and reports system log information.
Tools: The tools web-page offers useful tools for device installation, configuration, and
operation including software upgrade, backup/restore, spectrum analyzer, throughput test,
ping test, and traceroute.
Quick Start: The Quick Start web-page provides quick access to requisite parameters for radio
link establishment and network access.
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CAMBIUM NETWORKS
Identity-based user accounts
When identity-based user accounts are configured, a security officer can define from one to four
user accounts, each of which may have one of the four possible roles:
ADMINISTRATOR (default username/password “admin”), who has full read and write
permission.
INSTALLER (default username/password “installer”), who has permission to read and write
parameters applicable to unit installation and monitoring.
HOME (default username/password “home”), who has permission only to access pertinent
information for support purposes
READONLY (default username/password “readonly”), who has permission to only view the
Monitor page.
SNMP
The management agent supports fault and performance management by means of an SNMP
interface. The management agent is compatible with SNMP v2c using one Management
Information Base (MIB) file which is available for download from the Cambium Networks Support
website (https://support.cambiumnetworks.com/files/epmp).
NETWORK TIME PROTOCOL (NTP)
The clock supplies accurate date and time information to the system. It can be set to run with or
without a connection to a network time server (NTP). It can be configured to display local time by
setting the time zone and daylight saving in the Time web page.
If an NTP server connection is available, the clock can be set to synchronize with the server time at
regular intervals.
ePMP devices may receive NTP data from a CMM3 or CMM4 module or an NTP server configured
in the system’s management network.
The Time Zone option is configurable on the AP’s Configure => System page and may be used to
offset the received NTP time to match the operator’s local time zone.
CAMBIUM NETWORK SERVICES SERVER
The Cambium Network Services Server (CNSS) may be used to monitor, configure, and upgrade
Cambium network equipment.
For Cambium Network Services Server download, see
https://support.cambiumnetworks.com/files/cnss.
SOFTWARE UPGRADE
Software upgrades may be issued via the radio web interface (Tools => Software Upgrade) or via
CNSS (Cambium Networks Services Server). For Software upgrades, see
https://support.cambiumnetworks.com/files/epmp.
FURTHER READING ON SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
For more information on system management, see:
AP System page on page Error! Bookmark not defined.
SM System page on page Error! Bookmark not defined.
Operation and Troubleshooting on page 92
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CAMBIUM NETWORKS
System hardware
This chapter describes the site planning and hardware components of an ePMP link.
The following topics are described in this chapter:
Factors to be considered when planning the proposed network is described under Site
planning on page 31.
The connectorized with sync module hardware, part numbers, mounting equipment, and
specifications are described under ePMP 1000
Connectorized Radio with Sync on page 41.
The integrated hardware, part numbers, mounting equipment and specifications are described
under Integrated Radio on page 49.
The connectorized hardware, part numbers, mounting equipment and specifications are
described under Connectorized Radio on page 55.
The Force 180 hardware, part numbers, mounting equipment and specifications are described
under Force 180 on page 63.
The Force 200 hardware, part numbers, mounting equipment and specifications are described
under Force 200 on page 69.
The power supply hardware, part numbers and specifications are described under Power
Supply on page 76.
The AP antenna and part numbers are described under Connectorized Radio with Sync,
antennas and antenna cabling on page 48.
Cable standards and lengths are described under Ethernet cabling on page 79.
Surge suppression requirements and recommendations are described under Surge
Suppression unit on page 80.
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