Users Manual
Version 1.1 May 2003
ENGLISH
ENGLISH
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
CAUTION: To reduce the risk of electric shock, do not remove
the top cover (or the rear section). No user
serviceable parts inside; refer servicing to qualified
personnel.
WARNING: To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not
expose this appliance to rain and moisture.
This symbol, wherever it appears, alerts you to the
presence of uninsulated dangerous voltage inside
the enclosurevoltage that may be sufficient to
constitute a risk of shock.
This symbol, wherever it appears, alerts you to
important operating and maintenance instructions
in the accompanying literature. Please read the
manual.
DETAILED SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS:
1) Read these instructions.
2) Keep these instructions.
3) Heed all warnings.
4) Follow all instructions.
5) Do not use this device near water.
6) Clean only with a dry cloth.
7) Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in accordance
with the manufacturers instructions.
8) Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators,
heat registers, stoves, or other apparatus (including
amplifiers) that produce heat.
9) Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or
grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades with
one wider than the other. A grounding type plug has two
blades and a third grounding prong. The wide blade or the
third prong are provided for your safety. If the provided plug
does not fit into your outlet, consult an electrician for
replacement of the obsolete outlet.
10) Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched
particularly at plugs, extension cords, and the point at which
they exit the unit.
11) Only use attachments/accessories specified by the
manufacturer.
12) Use only with the cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table
specified by the manufacturer, or sold with the device. When
a cart is used, use caution when moving the cart/device
combination to avoid injury from stumbling over it.
13) Unplug this device during lightning storms or when not
used for long periods of time.
14) Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel. Servicing
is required when the unit has been damaged in any way, such
as power supply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has been
spilled or objects have fallen into the device, the unit has been
exposed to rain or moisture, does not operate normally, or
has been dropped.
2
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
ULTRAMATCH PRO
Ultra high-resolution 24-bit/96 kHz A/D-D/A, sample rate and format converter
SRC2496
3
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
FOREWORD
Dear Customer,
welcome to the team of BEHRINGER users and thank you
very much for expressing your confidence in us by purchasing the
SRC2496. Writing this foreword for you gives me great pleasure,
because it represents the culmination of many months of hard
work delivered by our engineering team to achieve a very ambitious
goal: considerable improvement of an excellent piece of equipment.
The ULTRAMATCH SRC2000 has for quite a long time been a
standard tool used by numerous studios. The task of designing
our new ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496 certainly meant a great
deal of responsibility which we assumed by focusing on you, the
discerning user and musician. Meeting your expectations also
meant a lot of work and night shifts. But it was fun, too. Developing
a product usually brings a lot of people together, and what a great
feeling it is when all who participated in such a project can be
proud of what theyve achieved.
It is our philosophy to share our enjoyment with you, because
you are the most important member of the BEHRINGER team.
With your highly competent suggestions for new products youve
made a significant contribution to shaping our company and making
it successful. In return, we guarantee you uncompromising quality
as well as excellent technical and audio properties at an extremely
reasonable price. All of this will enable you to give free rein to
your creativity without being hampered by budget constraints.
We are often asked how we manage to produce such high-quality
devices at such unbelievably low prices. The answer is quite
simple: its you, our customers! Many satisfied customers mean
large sales volumes enabling us to get better purchasing terms
for components, etc. Isnt it only fair to pass this benefit on to you?
Because we know that your success is our success too!
I would like to thank all of you who have made the
ULTRAMATCHPRO possible. You have all made your own
personal contributions, from the developers to the many other
employees at this company, and to you, the BEHRINGER user.
My friends, its been worth the effort!
Thank you very much,
Uli Behringer
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION........................................................ 5
1.1 The design concept ....................................................... 5
1.2 Before you begin ........................................................... 5
2. CONTROL ELEMENTS ............................................. 5
2.1 Front panel of the
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496 .................................... 5
2.1.1 Monitor and input sections ................................... 6
2.1.2 Mode section ........................................................ 6
2.1.3 Output section ...................................................... 6
2.2 Rear panel of the ULTRAMATCH PRO ........................ 7
3. APPLICATIONS ......................................................... 8
3.1 A/D and D/A conversion with the ULTRAMATCH PRO 8
3.1.1 Converting analog to digital ................................. 8
3.1.2 Converting digital to analog ................................. 9
3.1.3 Parallel A/D and D/A conversion .......................... 9
3.2 Sample rate conversion .............................................. 10
3.2.1 Typical studio application with DAT ................... 10
3.2.2 Hard-disk recording ........................................... 10
3.2.3 Master/slave problem solver .............................. 10
3.2.4 Bridging unformatted passages ......................... 10
3.3 Removing copy protect information ............................ 10
3.4 Noise reduction with emphasis ................................... 10
3.5 Line booster, signal refresher ..................................... 11
3.6 Correcting incorrect sample rates ............................... 11
3.7 Vari-speed application ................................................. 11
3.8 Format converter ......................................................... 11
3.9 Format interface .......................................................... 11
3.10 Patchbay/splitter ......................................................... 11
4. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND ................................. 11
4.1 A short digression into digital sample rate conversion 11
4.2 AES/EBU and S/PDIF standards ................................ 12
5. INSTALLATION ....................................................... 12
5.1 General connection notes ........................................... 12
5.2 Analog inputs and outputs .......................................... 13
5.3 Digital inputs and outputs ............................................ 13
5.3.1 Balanced XLR connection ................................. 13
5.3.2 Unbalanced coaxial RCA connection ................ 13
5.3.3 Optical connection ............................................. 13
5.3.4 Wordclock .......................................................... 14
5.3.5 Connecting with an adapter ............................... 14
5.4 Headphones output ..................................................... 14
6. SPECIFICATIONS ................................................... 15
7. WARRANTY ............................................................. 16
4
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
1. INTRODUCTION
The BEHRINGER ULTRAMATCH PRO is a fully digital signal
processor integrating 24-bit A/D and D/A converters. With its wide
range of features, it provides a powerful state-of-the-art interface
between the physical reality of music and its recording in the form
of digital values. To retain the true authenticity of your music, we
not only developed a strong link between analog recording
technology and the huge variety of signal processing possibilities available in the digital world, but also designed the
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496 to function as a universal interface between the various digital formats and sampling rates.
Thus, incompatibilities between different devices and equipment
with regard to modified connectors, transmitted signals and applied
standards are definitely a thing of the past.
+ This manual first describes the terminology used, so
that you can fully understand the SRC2496 and its
functions. Please read the manual carefully and keep it
for future reference.
1.1 The design concept
The philosophy behind BEHRINGER products guarantees nocompromise circuit design and the best choice of components.
We only use low-tolerance resistors and capacitors, high-grade
switches and buttons as well as other select components to make
sure that you can fully benefit from state-of-the-art 24-bit/96 kHz
technology with regard to low noise and high dynamics. With
the ULTRAMATCH PRO you have purchased cutting-edge
technology. Today, many hi-fi devices are already equipped with
a digital interface, so the SCR2496 can not only be used as a
high-end A/D and D/A converter in your studio, but also raises
your home hi-fi system to a new level in terms of dynamics, low
distortion and definition. It is thus possible to replace one of the
weak points in the signal chain with an absolutely powerful device.
The SRC2496 provides you with the functionality of a first-class
A/D and D/A converter, an outstanding sampling rate converter
and a digital patchbay. Additionally, it can be deployed as a format
converter, to set or remove copy bits, and as a signal refresher
but is still easy to operate.
The front panel of your ULTRAMATCH PRO features a strictly
functional and easily understandable layout. On the left-hand half
of the panel you will find the monitor (left) and input sections (right),
the right-hand half includes the mode (left) and output sections
(right). Just imagine the signal passing through the unit from left
to right and the design logic becomes clear.
The monitor section enables you to monitor analog input/output
signals. The level meter reads the analog input level and allows
you to adjust it optimally. The status LEDs in the input section
make it easy to check which type of digital signal (AES/EBU or
S/PDIF) is being received and also display its sampling rate. Since
the ULTRAMATCH PRO is automatically synchronized to any input
signals within a range from 31 Hz to 100 kHz, there is no need for
dedicated sampling rate selector switches on the input side.
In the mode section you can see which of the SRC2496s two
basic functions (A/D and D/A converter or sampling rate converter)
is currently active. Select the function of your choice at the touch
of a button. The output section gives you the buttons and displays
to adjust a variety of parameters for the digital output signal.
The ULTRAMATCH PRO stores the last setting made before
power-down, so you can continue from where you stopped when
you turn the unit back on again.
In a later section of this manual we will give you a detailed description of how you can use your ULTRAMATCH PRO in various
applications.
1.2 Before you begin
Your ULTRAMATCH PRO was carefully packed at the factory
and the packaging is designed to protect the unit from rough
handling. Nevertheless, we recommend that you carefully examine
the packaging and its contents for any signs of physical damage
which may have occurred during transit.
+ If the unit is damaged, please do NOT return it to
BEHRINGER, but notify your dealer and the shipping
company immediately, otherwise claims for damage or
replacement may not be granted. Shipping claims must
be made by the consignee.
The BEHRINGER ULTRAMATCH PRO requires one rack unit
for installation in a 19" rack. Please allow for an additional 4" of
rack depth for the rear panel connectors.
For rack mounting, please use M6 metal nuts and bolts.
Be sure that there is enough air space around the unit for
cooling. For example, to avoid overheating, do not place the
ULTRAMATCH PRO on power amps.
+ Before you connect your ULTRAMATCH PRO to the
mains, please make sure that your local voltage matches
the supply voltage required by the unit!
The fuse holder at the AC power connector has 3 triangular
markings. Two of these three triangles will be aligned with one
another. The ULTRAMATCH PRO is set to the voltage shown
next to these markings and can be switched over by twisting the
fuse holder by 180°. IMPORTANT: This does not apply to export
models designed exclusively for 120 V operation!
+ If you set the unit to a different mains voltage, be sure
to use a fuse of the correct type and rating! In chapter 6
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS you will find the
matching fuse type for your local mains voltage.
The mains connection is made by using the enclosed power
cord and a standard IEC receptacle. It meets all of the international
safety certification requirements.
+ Please make sure that all units have a proper ground
connection. For your own safety, never remove or disable
the ground conductor of the unit or of the AC power cord.
+ Please ensure that only qualified persons install and
operate the SRC2496. During installation and operation
the user must have sufficient electrical contact to earth.
Electrostatic discharges might affect the operation of
the unit.
2. CONTROL ELEMENTS
2.1 Front panel of the
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
Fig. 2.1: Front panel control elements
Monitor and input sections. The monitor section enables you
to adjust the signal level applied to the analog input and
features a controllable headphones connector. A clearly
structured LED array provides you with detailed information
on the various parameters of the digital input signal.
Mode section. Here, you can determine whether your
ULTRAMATCH PRO works as a sampling rate converter or
A/D-D/A converter.
Output section. The buttons in the output section allow you
to tailor the output signal to meet your requirements.
1. INTRODUCTION
5
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
Similarly to the input section, the display provides you with
all the information on the output signal.
2.1.1 Monitor and input sections
6
2. CONTROL ELEMENTS
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
The LEDs 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz and 96 kHz
read the sampling rate selected with the SAMPLE RATE
switch. If the sampling rate is preset by an external wordclock
or generated via the digital input signal, the LEDs light up
constantly, thus reading the external sampling rate (with a
deviation of ± 2 kHz). The next value (= deviation of >2 kHz)
is displayed by one of the LEDs flashing.
The CLOCK switch allows you to select the source
determining the sampling rate at the digital output of your
ULTRAMATCH PRO.
The PLL LOCK LED shows you that your SRC2496 is
processing properly the wordclock signals applied.
The INTERNAL LED lights up when the SRC2496 generates
the sampling rate by itself (master), which is the preferred
mode for the ULTRAMATCH PRO acting as an A/D converter.
The EXTERNAL LED lights up when the sampling rate is
governed by an external wordclock signal. The external mode
also allows you to generate sampling rates at the output
which could not be generated by the SRC2496 as a master
unit.
When the DIG IN LED lights up, your SRC2496 uses the
wordclock signal included in the digital audio signal fed into
the unit. This setting is useful if you do not want to convert
the sampling rate, but only the format of the digital output
signal (S/PDIF to AES/EBU or vice versa).
The FORMAT switch determines the format of the digital
data stream on the output side, as defined in the Channel
Status data. Available formats are AES/EBU and S/PDIF.
The LEDs AES/EBU and S/PDIF show the adjusted output
format, which is present at all three digital outputs. Using an
appropriate cable (see chapter 5.3.5) you could also route
an S/PDIF signal from the XLR output to a second unit, in
case the RCA output is already in use.
Use the WORDLENGTH switch to select the digital word
length of your choice (16, 20 or 24 bits).
+ If you want to set the digital word length to a lower value
(e.g. to record 24-bit signals with 16 bits on CD, MD or
DAT), we recommend that you switch on the dither
function, so as to limit the distortion resulting from the
omission of the additional bits to an inaudible minimum.
in the output section should read the same status as the
EMPH LED in the input section. In the rare case of a signal
containing an emphasis bit without any treble boost applied,
you can correct this here and switch off the emphasis bit
(detailed information can be found in chapter 3.4).
The COPY switch (= copyright) allows you to set the status
of the copy bits in the transmitted data stream. The LEDs
COPY and ORIG inform you about the current status of the
copy protection:
digital recording only once
COPY-LED on
ORIG-LED on
digital recording not possible
COPY-LED on
ORIG-LED off
digital recording unlimited
COPY-LED off
ORIG-LED off
COPY-LED off
ORIG-LED on
Tab. 2.1: Overview of copy bit settings
If both COPY and ORIG light up, you can make one copy only.
Subsequently, the data will be copy protected. If only COPY lights
up, digital copies cannot be made. If both LEDs are out, you can
make digital recordings without any limitations. Press the switch
to change the status of the determining bits and allow for
unrestricted copying.
+ This option applies exclusively to S/PDIF signals,
because the Serial Copy Management System (SCMS)
exists in this format only. Signals based on the
professional AES/EBU format can be copied freely.
2.2 Rear panel of the ULTRAMATCH PRO
The LEDs 24 BIT, 20 BIT and 16 BIT read the word length
selected.
The DITHER switch enables/disables the dither function. The
corresponding LED lights up when this function is active. Heres
a concise explanation of the dither function: Whenever analog
signals are converted to digital (numerical values!), the finite
number of digits available for the mathematical description of
the analog signals (electrical voltages that are constant in the
time and value domains) inevitably result in rounding errors
and misinterpretations of the analog signals (quantization
errors). In particular, signals with a very small amplitude are
affected by an audible system error known as granular noise.
Such errors can be suppressed by adding white noise. This
type of noise has an exactly defined amplitude (minimum
amplitude that can be detected only by measuring instruments
and by no means affects the audio signal) and broadband
frequency distribution and is called a dither signal. Combine
this with the high internal resolution of 24 bits, and you can
generate an audio signal of excellent quality.
Reducing the digital word length (e.g. from 24 bits to 20 bits)
also means a reduction of the resolution. The resulting
misinterpretations, which are more likely to result by this word
length reduction can be purposefully suppressed with the
dither function.
The EMPH LED lights up when the emphasis bit has been
set in the output signal. Use the EMPHASIS switch to enable/
disable this function. To avoid sound deterioration, the LED
2. CONTROL ELEMENTS
7
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
Fig. 2.8: Wordclock connector
The BNC connector WORDCLOCK is a high-impedance
connector with no internal terminating impedance (75 ohms).
Use it to connect devices for the external synchronization of
your ULTRAMATCHPRO. Please note the instructions given
in chapter 3.2.3.
Fig. 2.9: Digital outputs
The digital XLR output is the standard output connector for
AES/EBU signals (AES/EBU LED lights up). When S/PDIF is
selected, the XLR output also provides this signal. Further
information on these connectors can be found in chapter 5.3.
This is the OPTICAL (Toslink) output connector of the
ULTRAMATCHPRO. When the unit is shipped, the optical
Toslink input/output connectors have dummy plugs attached
to protect them from dirt and to prevent the emission of light.
These dummy plugs can be removed easily if you wish to use
the connectors. The digital standard format for this output is
S/PDIF. However, you can also transmit AES/EBU signals
via this output.
RCA output. The digital standard format for this output is
also S/PDIF. If AES/EBU has been selected in the output
section, this output also provides AES/EBU signals. Unlike
the XLR connector, however, this output allows for
unbalanced signal transmission.
8
3. APPLICATIONS
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
3. APPLICATIONS
9
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
3.2 Sample rate conversion
No matter which type of digital audio signal you feed into the
ULTRAMATCH PRO, it will convert it to a common standard format.
Numerous conversion examples can be found in daily studio
practice:
s Conversion of 48 kHz DAT recordings to the CD standard of
44.1 kHz.
s Conversion of older digital recordings from 44.056 kHz to
32, 44.1, 48, 88.2 or 96 kHz.
s Conversion of foreign material with 32 kHz to 44.1, 48,
88.2 or 96 kHz.
s Conversion of audio data with a word length of 24 bits to 20
or 16 bits for recording on a digital medium.
s Conversion of S/PDIF format to AES/EBU for easy mani-
pulation of various parameters and improved (balanced)
signal transmission.
s Setting or removing copy protect bits for further processing
of recordings in a studio environment.
3.2.1 Typical studio application with DAT
Only recently has it become possible to use less expensive DAT
recorders for direct recording from analog sources with a sampling
rate of 44.1 kHz. Most consumer-level DAT recorders, however,
record at 48 kHz. Usually, such recordings have to be transferred
via an analog connection from DAT to a professional recorder.
This process results in an unnecessary deterioration of the original
quality of the material due to the additional D/A and A/D converters
involved. With the ULTRAMATCH PRO you can eliminate this
problem by converting the sampling rate purely in the digital
domain, which allows for a considerably higher quality than you
could achieve with analog converters.
Further problems, such as incorrect formats, significantly deviating
or unstable sampling rates (as long as they do not deviate by more
than ±12.5% from the current sampling rate), will also be corrected
by the ULTRAMATCH PRO in real time, thus ensuring the
successful transfer of your audio data.
3.2.2 Hard-disk recording
Hard-disk recording applications also require a uniform sampling
rate, if possible the one used by the subsequent playback medium
(CD). As it can convert audio material from 32, 48, 88.2 or 96 kHz
to the standard 44.1 kHz, the ULTRAMATCH PRO makes sure
that any sources can be used to feed audio material by way of a
digital connection.
Of course, the ULTRAMATCH PRO can be inserted at any point
in the audio processing path, i.e. also between the PC and
DAT recorder. With uncritical audio material, you can thus process
the material at 32 kHz in the recording system (or higher, depending
on which sampling rates can be processed by the HD recording
system), and subsequently convert the completely edited material
while transferring it to a DAT recorder at 44.1 kHz (or even 48 kHz).
3.2.3 Master/slave problem solver
When a digital mixing console is used, it is at this pointif not
beforethat master/slave problems will be encountered. The
explanation is simple: When using CD players, DAT recorder and
HD recording systems in their normal applications, the
responsibilities are clearly defined. The playback device is the
master, the recording device is the slave, i.e. the CD player
provides a clock rate of 44.1 kHz to which the DAT recorder is
synchronized.
When using a mixing console, the CD player is the master, the
console is the slave. However, this model collapses all of a sudden
as soon as a DAT recorder is hooked up, which does not record
but plays back too. The console can synchronize to one source
only, the audio data from the other source would be processed
incorrectly, because the two devices are not in sync.
The need for synchronization in a digital studio is met by
connecting the equipment to one central sync source. For example,
the console could be the master supplying the remaining devices
with a reference signal (wordclock). However, this will only work if
these other devices have a sync input, i.e. can be used as slaves.
In a studio with a digital tape machine, digital effects and harddisk recording system it is impossible to connect commercially
available CD players or DAT recorders to the mixing section of
the console, simply because they cannot be synchronized.
By inserting the BEHRINGER ULTRAMATCHPRO SRC2496
between the device to be synchronized and the mixing console input,
however, the SRC2496 can deliver the audio signal with the studio
clock rate entered via the external sync input (WORDCLOCK, ).
In this case, the ULTRAMATCH PRO works as a kind of intermediate
gear whose toothed transmission always ensures that there is an
appropriate gap in the gearwheel. It synchronizes the signal coming
from the devices to be synchronized, while converting to the desired
sampling rate in compliance with the wordclock signal.
In a studio with a central clock generator, it is therefore possible
to use the ULTRAMATCH PRO to connect any device to any other,
irrespective of any other options available.
+ Even if the central clock does not correspond exactly to
one of the sampling rates, the ULTRAMATCH PRO will
assign a corresponding marker to the output signal! This
marker depends on the automatically detected and
displayed sampling rate, which is important, because
DAT recorders usually refuse to enter record mode if
an incorrect sampling rate has been indicated.
3.2.4 Bridging unformatted passages
DAT recorders, in particular, produce tiny format gaps between
individual recorded passages on the tape when intermittent recordings
are made. Also when you transfer older recordings it can happen
that short passages with a different sampling rate than that of the
current recording remain stored on tape. In such a case, the
ULTRAMATCHPRO converts this host of single pieces of information
into a continuous data stream with a fixed sampling rate. Even if the
DAT recorder or any other digital source is stopped or switched off,
the ULTRAMATCHPRO will continue to generate a continuous signal
(depending on the digital signal, if synchronized to it).
3.3 Removing copy protect information
The original copy protect mechanism used in DAT recorders
was simple but effective: It was impossible to make digital
recordings from a CD. Later, a step-by-step mechanism was
introduced with SCMS, which allowed at least for one digital copy
from CD. The routine implemented in SCMS depends on the
generation (xth copy) and the origin (category) of the digital audio
material. In professional studio engineering a copy protect
mechanism does not make any sense, which is why there is none
defined in the AES/EBU standard.
Since many studios use inexpensive consumer devices for cost
reasons, copy protect and/or format incompatibility problems
(professional/consumer) are encountered frequently. The
SRC2496 can ignore all types of copy protect information and
generate a new, completely free marker that allows for multiple
copying. Thus, you can use your ULTRAMATCH PRO to copy
material from one consumer DAT to another. Further information
on this subject can be found in chapter 2.1.3, section .
+ We want to point out again that the copyright of third
parties must not be infringeddespite the possibility of
removing the copy protect bit with the help of the
ULTRAMATCHPRO! This device was not developed to
produce unauthorized copies!
3.4 Noise reduction with emphasis
A very special feature is the option to influence the set emphasis
bit. Emphasis here means a noise reduction process with a treble
10
3. APPLICATIONS
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
boost step involved prior to recording. This treble boost is undone
during playback. A specific bit (emphasis bit) in the digital data
stream contains the information whether or not the signal has been
processed with this technique. It is however NOT a modification
of the audio signal, but only of the emphasis marker contained in
the digital data stream.
So much for the theory. In practice, a lit EMPHASIS LED does
not necessarily show that the emphasis function has really been
applied. In several situations the emphasis bit was set during the
mastering and editing process due to defective hardware/software
without any treble boost applied. This error usually remains
undetected when the material is transferred, because modern DAT
recorders no longer have an emphasis indicator for reasons of
rationalization. When the master tapeusually only monitored briefly
on the DAT recorder due to lack of timearrives at the customers
end, it gives him a big surprise: The treble range has been cut in
the DAT recorder by more than 10 dB, which cannot be undone
and results in a dull sound that lacks brilliance in the treble range. It
is for this reason that we equipped the ULTRAMATCHPRO both
with an emphasis status LED and with an additional switch for
manual correction of the emphasis bit setting.
3.5 Line booster, signal refresher
Longer cable lengths or the use of a digital patchbay lead to
deterioration of the signal quality, which may result in a higher
noise floor or even connection failures. Using special input
circuitry your ULTRAMATCHPRO removes jitter, interference
and level loss, thus restoring the signal to perfect quality. As a
consequence, you can also use the SRC2496 to refresh the
signal over longer cable lengths or to restore attenuated and
distorted signals.
3.6 Correcting incorrect sample rates
The sample rate of any device is subject to fluctuation due to
temperature and ageing effects. Normally, an automatic locking
circuit ensures reliable operation even with varying or slightly
fluctuating clock signals. If such fluctuations exceed a certain level,
however, the receiving device cannot be synchronized any longer
to the clock rate supplied and therefore fails to function properly.
Your ULTRAMATCH PRO is totally free from such restrictions,
as it works over the entire bandwidth from 31 to 100 kHz, rather
than only within a small range around the actual sampling rate. The
signal output by the SRC2496 is always synchronized correctly to
the value selected. Thus, you can use your ULTRAMATCHPRO
to rescue and work with sampling rates that have been modified
deliberately (vari-pitch function on sampling keyboards or CD
players) or fail to fall within the adjusted range due to rate fluctuations.
3.7 Vari-speed application
There are several reasons for modifying the speed of a digital
playback, e.g. to change the pitch or synchronize the playback to
other devices. In such cases, the ULTRAMATCHPRO can track
the sampling rate as it changes and then output the signal with a
fixed rate of 44.1 kHz (or any other selectable or wordclock-defined
value). Thus, it reliably removes sampling rate fluctuations, which
could otherwise make it impossible to process the digital audio
material any further in the digital domain.
+ At its digital input, the ULTRAMATCH PRO accepts
sampling rate fluctuations of up to ±12% from the
adjusted sampling rate, without producing any distortion
at its output. When things get worse, the connection
will not be interrupted, but temporary drops in the signal
quality (distortion) can occur.
3.8 Format converter
Digital data transfer is frequently affected by problems with the
format required. While some devices specifically need S/PDIF
signals on the input side, others can only output AES/EBU. With
the SRC2496 this problem is now history. The input of your
ULTRAMATCHPRO readily accepts any standard used today.
On the output side, you can select either AES/EBU or S/PDIF, so
that it is just a matter of one key press to realize the successful
transfer of your audio material.
3.9 Format interface
Many CD players have no coaxial but only an optical output. Some
DAT recorders, on the other hand, only have a coaxial input. Digital
interface cards for personal computers are usually equipped either
with optical or coaxial connectors. So, when you try to transfer data
from one device to another you are likely to encounter incompatibility
problems, in that one device has an optical connector, while the
other has a coaxial RCA connector. Connection to professional
devices is difficult because of the XLR connectors used there, or
even impossible if they feature optical interfaces.
Such incompatibilities between inputs and outputs are definitely
a thing of the past with the ULTRAMATCHPRO. For example, if
the CD player only has an optical digital output, while the
DAT recorder is equipped with a coaxial RCA input, your SRC2496
will easily eliminate the resulting connection problems with its three
inputs and outputs in all formats. Your ULTRAMATCHPRO allows
for interconnecting virtually any devices that are available on the
market today!
3.10 Patchbay/splitter
The digital outputs of your ULTRAMATCH PRO can all be
operated at the same time. In this case, the input selector functions
as a kind of miniature patchbay determining which signal is sent
to the output. It is not necessary to switch-over the output, because
you can freely select on the down-stream devices which signal to
accept (example: recording active/inactive). Therefore, the outputs
of the ULTRAMATCH PRO carry the identical signal all the time
and are operative simultaneously.
The parallel operation of all three outputs enables you to use
your SRC2496 as a splitter, which is useful for copying material to
several DAT recorders. With some special devices in particular,
which do not allow for looping through the digital data from the
input to the output, this useful function makes it possible to split
up the signal.
4. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
4.1 A short digression into digital sample rate
conversion
In the past, the conversion of various sample rates into a fixed
value necessitated a whole rack full of components and even then
had some disadvantages that could be measured as increased
noise, distortion or undesirable mirror frequencies (high-frequency
chirping). On the other hand, the sampling rate converter chip
installed in the ULTRAMATCHPRO converts in real time and with
24-bit precision. Its processing is absolutely inaudible and can
only be identified with state-of-the-art, extremely expensive
measuring instruments.
The functional principle is difficult to comprehend, even for
professionals. That is why we are presenting you with an equivalent
model, which describes the processes taking place in the
processor in an easily understandable manner. The processor
carries out an oversampling at the input signal. Between each
sample, more samples are inserted, thereby significantly
increasing the number of sampling points by filling in the gaps.
Subsequently, the signal passes through a variable low-pass filter,
which ensures that the correct limit, below which no problems
with mirror frequencies (aliasing) occur, is observed. Then, the
number of sampling points is distributed in such a way as to obtain
the desired sampling rate at the output. This enormous
oversampling allows the SRC processor to achieve excellent
precision in the complete conversion range. Moreover, it also
simultaneously eliminates any jitter present in the input signal.
4. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
11
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
There is no doubt that digital signal processing guarantees the
lowest distortion and noise values. However, up until now signal
conversion, specifically sampling rate conversion, had partially
led to considerable distortion and interference: If you tried to use
traditional methods, the incoming data would be far in excess of
any hardware dimensions. If data was put into smaller pieces, to
avoid storage problems, the necessary turnaround time would
prevent any practical application. Therefore, programmers
continue to experiment with the most varied of algorithms, ending
up, however, always having to make a compromise between
computation efforts and sound quality.
By processing data in real time, the processor used in the
BEHRINGER ULTRAMATCHPRO can process incredible
amounts of data.
The noise and interference floor is thus below -117 dBFS, and
the distortion values, even with difficult input signals, are below
-104 dBFS. The ULTRAMATCH PRO remains practically inaudible
as such values are not normally achieved either by the A/D or the
D/A converter, and certainly not by the CD as the final product.
4.2 AES/EBU and S/PDIF standards
In principle there are two standards, the most important electrical
characteristics of which can be seen in tab. 4.1.
AES/EBU is the professional, balanced connection via XLR
connectors. This interface is based on two identical protocols
published in November 1985 (EBU Tech. 3250-E) by the European
Broadcast Union and in December 1985 by the Audio Engineering
Society (AES3-1985). Sony and Philips oriented themselves to this
standard and developed a further interface with unbalanced signal
routing and a few other major differences, predominantly related to
the assignment of the channel status bits. This interface, named
after the two companies and known as S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital
Interface), uses either RCA connectors or optical connections with
optical fiber cables. The procedure, standardized in IEC 958, made
a name for itself mainly due to efforts to introduce a copy protect
technique. This standard also describes the revised AES/EBU
interface, which was adapted to the S/PDIF format and named
IEC 958 Type I (professional). The name of the S/PDIF interface is
then IEC 958 Type II (consumer). Your ULTRAMATCHPRO uses
the latest versions of each of the standards, AES/EBU (AES3),
IEC 60958 and EIAJ CP-1201 (Japanese standard).
Type AES/EBU IEC 958 Type II (S/PDIF)
Connection XLR RCA/optical
Mode Balanced Unbalanced
Impedance 110 Ohms 75 Ohms
Level 0,2 V to 5 Vpp 0,2 V to 0,5 V pp
Clock
accuracy
Jitter ± 20 ns Not specified
Tab. 4.1: Important data for AES and IEC 958 Type II
Not specified
specifications
I: ± 50 ppm II: 0,1 %
III: Variable pitch
Table 4.2 illustrates part of the structure of the professional
format, as it would normally be used with AES/EBU connections.
Byte
012345 67
0 P/C Audio Locked
1
2
3
4
5
Table 4.3 presents the corresponding consumer-format data,
as normally used with S/PDIF-connections.
Byte
0 P/C Audio Copy
1Gen.st.
2
3
Tab. 4.3: Markers in consumer format IEC 958 Type II (S/PDIF)
The first bit already defines whether the following bits are to be
understood as professional or consumer-format bits. As shown,
the audio information can be found at the same position in the
data stream, in principle making both formats compatible. There
are, however, information blocks that differ in both norms. If a
device, such as a commercially available DAT recorder, has only
one S/PDIF input, the device will usually understand that format
only. It will thus usually stop when supplied with professional-format
data. The reason is simple: as shown in the illustrations, processing
a professionally-coded signal with a device that can only
understand consumer format can lead to malfunctions relating to
the copy protect bit and the emphasis!
However, this point is not always readily evident, as is the case
with plug-and-socket connectors (e.g. 1/4" TRS connectors, minijacks and special adapters for Sub-D instead of XLR connectors).
Many devices have no stop function while others can understand
both formats despite having only one type of connector.
In all of these cases using the ULTRAMATCH PRO as the
ultimate problem solver will soon pay off. Virtually, all common
digital signals it receives at the input appear at the output with
new, clean markers in the respective chosen format.
Channel mode Use of user bits
Use of AUX bits Sample length Reserved
Reserved for description of multichannel recording
Audio ref. Reserved
Tab. 4.2: Markers in professional format (AES/EBU)
01234567
Source number Channel number
Sampling frequency Clock acc. Reserved
Bit
Emphasis Sampl. freq.
Reserved
Bit
Emphasis Mode
Category code
5. INSTALLATION
5.1 General connection notes
The ULTRAMATCH PROs digital input and output connections
are short-circuit proof and transformer-balanced. This rules out
any possibility of ground loops caused by additional ground
connections, even when using the RCA connectors. Furthermore,
the completely potential-free concept of the digital connectors
allows for using adapters in order to, e.g. route the RCA connector
signal to the XLR input of another device.
12
5. INSTALLATION
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
Unlike digital connectors, analog connectors are not galvanically
separated, but have a balanced design and are thus unproblematic
in regard to ground loops.
5.2 Analog inputs and outputs
In order to give your audio signals the best possible protection
from electromagnetic interference, the ULTRAMATCHPRO has
balanced XLR inputs and outputs. As previously described, the
level at the analog inputs can be adjusted with the GAIN control.
The outputs operate at studio level (+4 dBu). Please see the
following illustrations for the pin assignment of the connectors.
Of course, it is also possible to send signals to the SRC2496
from unbalanced outputs (e.g. sound cards or mixing console
outputs), in order to further process them in digitized form.
Receiving analog signals (e.g. when using a high-end D/A
converter between a CD-Player and amplifier) from the
ULTRAMATCH PRO via unbalanced connectors (e.g. hi-fi amplifier
or tape recorder) is not a problem, too.
+ When using the XLR connectors in an unbalanced
configuration, pins 1 and 3 on the connectors inserted
must be interconnected!
Fig. 5.1: Unbalanced transmission to the ULTRAMATCH PRO
The following figure illustrates how to correctly connect the
balanced input and output connectors. Basically, it is the same
wiring scheme normally used for balanced audio connections such
as, for example, the connection between a microphone and a
mixing console.
Fig. 5.3: Connecting the ULTRAMATCH PRO in a balanced
configuration
Selecting the correct cable is not critical. For distances of less
than 20 m, generally available microphone cables have no negative
influence. For greater distances or higher requirements (mobile
operation, powerful high-frequency fields), however, you should
use special 110-ohm cable with double shielding.
5.3.2 Unbalanced coaxial RCA connection
The RCA inputs and outputs, in turn, are not bound to the
S/PDIF format. They accept and deliver data streams in both the
professional and the consumer format. It is even possible
to connect the XLR output (e.g. from the BEHRINGER
ULTRA-CURVE PRO DSP8024 or another device) to the RCA input
on the ULTRAMATCH PRO by using an adapter. Whether or not
the reverse will work, namely connecting the ULTRAMATCH PROs
RCA connector to the XLR input of another device, depends on the
sensitivity of the XLR input in question.
The following figure illustrates the correct connection for
unbalanced input and output connections via RCA plugs.
Fig. 5.2: Unbalanced transmission from the
ULTRAMATCHPRO
5.3 Digital inputs and outputs
5.3.1 Balanced XLR connection
The digital XLR inputs and outputs are not bound by the AES/EBU
protocol. They accept and deliver data streams in both the professional
and the consumer format. Should the RCA input already be occupied
by another device, it is even possible to connect the RCA output of,
say, a CD player to the ULTRAMATCHPRO XLR input by using an
adapter. To do this you need a cable such as the one shown in
fig. 5.2, except that instead of a female XLR connector, a plug must
be mounted.
13
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
The following figure illustrates how to correctly connect the optical
input and output connections.
Fig. 5.5: Connecting the ULTRAMATCH PRO optically via
Toslink
+ For many consumer devices the consumer format at the
optical input is an absolute necessity, otherwise they
do not accept the signal.
+ The ULTRAMATCH PRO does not support the ADAT
multi-track format, which can thus neither be looped
through nor converted.*
5.3.4 Wordclock
Feeding a wordclock signal into the rear BNC connector enables
external synchronization of the ULTRAMATCH PRO. Wordclock
signals are normally distributed in a network configuration, i.e.
are relayed and terminated with 75-ohm coaxial cable,
BNC-T adapters and terminating resistors. Commercially available
BNC cables are usually used as connecting cables. In order to
offer maximum flexibility, the ULTRAMATCHPROs BNC input
has a high-impedance design and is not equipped with an internal
75-ohm terminating resistor. Should the ULTRAMATCHPRO be
the last device in the signal chain, however, it is necessary to put
a T-connector into the BNC connector. A 75-ohm terminating
resistor (in the form of a short BNC plug) goes on one end of the
T-connector and the BNC cable from the master delivering the
wordclock signal on the other end.
The following figure shows how to correctly connect the
unbalanced wordclock input. The wiring scheme is the same as is
used for networking in computer technology and you can thus
obtain the appropriate accessories (commercially available cable,
T-connectors, terminating resistors) in specialist computer shops.
Fig. 5.7: Unbalanced connection (loop through) of the
wordclock input
5.3.5 Connecting with an adapter
In certain cases it makes sense to connect the SRC2496s inputs
and outputs to other devices via a cable adapter. If, for example, you
wish to simultaneously connect two DAT recorders and each has
only one RCA (S/PDIF) connector, you can easily connect one of the
DAT recorders to the ULTRAMATCH PRO using an XLR/RCA
®
adapter. The correct connection assignment of the adapter cable for
this purpose can be found in fig. 5.2.
5.4 Headphones output
The headphones output on the front panel of the SRC2496 is
on a 1/4" TRS connector. The connection assignment of the
corresponding plug is shown in fig. 5.8.
Fig. 5.8: Correct wiring assignment for headphones connection
Fig. 5.6: Unbalanced connection (termination) of the wordclock
When the ULTRAMATCH PRO is used as part of a chain of
wordclock devices, it is also supplied with a wordclock signal via
a T-connector, which is then relayed to the next device from the
other side of the T-connector via an additional BNC cable. The
last device in the chain is then, as previously described, locked by
way of the T-connector and a 75-ohm resistor. Some devices also
have a switchable terminating resistor, in which case the
T-connector and terminating resistor are not necessary.
* (ADAT® is a registered trademark of the Alesis Corporation)
14
input to the ULTRAMATCH PRO
5. INSTALLATION
+ Please note that high volume levels can damage your
hearing and/or your headphones. Turn the PHONES
control to the far left before turning on the device. Always
take care to keep the volume level at an appropriate level.
6. SPECIFICATIONS
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
Synchronization
Internal sampling rates 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96 kHz
Synchronization via digital input
and wordclock accepts all sampling rates
between 31 and 100 kHz,
automatic synchronization by PLL
Digital input 1
Type XLR, transformer-balanced
Input impedance 110 ohms
Nominal input level 0.2 V to 5 V, peak-to-peak
Digital input 2
Type RCA, transformer-balanced
Input impedance 75 ohms
Nominal input level 0.2 V to 5 V, peak-to-peak
Digital input 3
Type Toslink, optical fiber cable
Synchronization input
Type BNC
Input impedance 50 kohms
Standard Wordclock (1 x FS)
Nominal input level 2 V to 6 V peak-to-peak
Digital output 1
Type XLR, transformer-balanced
Output impedance 110 ohms balanced
Nominal output level 3.5 V peak-to-peak
Channel Status information in output signal
Professional mode Professional, audio use, stereo,
no emphasis or 50/15 µs,
Fs = 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96 kHz
Consumer mode Consumer, audio use, 2-channel,
original material switchable,
copy permit switchable,
no emphasis or 50/15 µs,
Fs = 32, 44.1, 48 kHz;
(88.2, 96 kHz not defined)
Power supply
Mains voltage
U.S.A./Canada 120 V~, 60 Hz
Europe/U.K./Australia 230 V~, 50 Hz
Japan 100 V~, 50 - 60 Hz
General export model 120/230 V~, 50 - 60 Hz
Power consumption 15 W
Fuse 100 - 120 V~: T 250 mA H
200 - 240 V~: T 125 mA H
Mains connection Standard IEC receptacle
Dimensions/weight
Dimensions approx. 1 3/4" (44.5 mm) x 19"
(482.6 mm) x 7 1/2" (190.5 mm)
Weight approx. 2 kg
Shipping weight approx. 3.2 kg
Digital output 2
Type RCA, transformer-balanced
Output impedance 75 ohms
Nominal output level 0.5 V, peak-to-peak
Digital output 3
Type Toslink, optical fibre cable
Analog inputs
Type XLR, balanced
Input impedance 20 kohms
Converter 24-bit/96 kHz
128/64 times oversampling
delta-sigma AKM A/D converter
Input level -4 dBu to +22 dBu for 0 dBFS,
adjustable
S/N-Ratio >105 dB
Analog outputs
Type XLR, balanced
Output impedance 160 ohms
Converter 24 bit/96 kHz
128 times oversampling
delta-sigma AKM D/A converter
Output level +16 dBu @ 0 dBFS
S/N Ratio >108 dB
Jitter suppression
Jitter permitted at input >40 ns
Internal jitter at input <2 ns
Internal jitter with external
Synchronization <20 ns, 10 ns typ.
BEHRINGER is constantly striving to maintain the highest professional standards. As a
result of these efforts, modifications may be made from time to time to existing products
without prior notice. Specifications and appearance may differ from those listed or
illustrated.
6. SPECIFICATIONS
15
ULTRAMATCH PRO SRC2496
7. WARRANTY
§ 1 WARRANTY CARD/ONLINE REGISTRATION
To be protected by the extended warranty, the buyer must
complete and return the enclosed warranty card within 14 days of
the date of purchase to BEHRINGER Spezielle Studiotechnik
GmbH, in accordance with the conditions stipulated in § 3. Failure
to return the card in due time (date as per postmark) will void any
extended warranty claims. Based on the conditions herein, the
buyer may also choose to use the online registration option via
the Internet (www.behringer.com or www.behringer.de).
§ 2 WARRANTY
1. BEHRINGER (BEHRINGER Spezielle Studiotechnik GmbH
including all BEHRINGER subsidiaries listed on the enclosed page,
except BEHRINGER Japan) warrants the mechanical and
electronic components of this product to be free of defects in
material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year* from the
original date of purchase, in accordance with the warranty
regulations described below. If the product shows any defects
within the specified warranty period that are not excluded from
this warranty as described under § 3 and 4, BEHRINGER shall, at
its discretion, either replace or repair the product using suitable
new or reconditioned parts. In the case that other parts are used
which constitute an improvement, BEHRINGER may, at its
discretion, charge the customer for the additional cost of these
parts.
2. If the warranty claim proves to be justified, the product will be
returned to the user freight prepaid.
3. Warranty claims other than those indicated above are
expressly excluded.
§ 3 RETURN AUTHORIZATION NUMBER
1. To obtain warranty service, the buyer (or his authorized dealer)
must call BEHRINGER (see enclosed list) during normal business
hours BEFORE returning the product. All inquiries must be
accompanied by a description of the problem. BEHRINGER will
then issue a return authorization number.
2. Subsequently, the product must be returned in its original
shipping carton, together with the return authorization number to
the address indicated by BEHRINGER.
3. Shipments without freight prepaid will not be accepted.
§ 4 WARRANTY REGULATIONS
1. Warranty services will be furnished only if the product is
accompanied by a copy of the original retail dealers invoice. Any
product deemed eligible for repair or replacement by BEHRINGER
under the terms of this warranty will be repaired or replaced within
30 days of receipt of the product at BEHRINGER.
2. If the product needs to be modified or adapted in order to
comply with applicable technical or safety standards on a national
or local level, in any country which is not the country for which the
product was originally developed and manufactured, this
modification/adaptation shall not be considered a defect in
materials or workmanship. The warranty does not cover any such
modification/adaptation, irrespective of whether it was carried out
properly or not. Under the terms of this warranty, BEHRINGER
shall not be held responsible for any cost resulting from such a
modification/adaptation.
3. Free inspections and maintenance/repair work are expressly
excluded from this warranty, in particular, if caused by improper
handling of the product by the user. This also applies to defects
caused by normal wear and tear, in particular, of faders,
potentiometers, keys/buttons and similar parts.
4. Damages/defects caused by the following conditions are not
covered by this warranty:
s improper handling, neglect or failure to operate the unit in
compliance with the instructions given in BEHRINGER user
or service manuals.
s connection or operation of the unit in any way that does not
comply with the technical or safety regulations applicable in
the country where the product is used.
s damages/defects caused by force majeure or any other
condition that is beyond the control of BEHRINGER.
5. Any repair or opening of the unit carried out by unauthorized
personnel (user included) will void the warranty.
6. If an inspection of the product by BEHRINGER shows that
the defect in question is not covered by the warranty, the inspection
costs are payable by the customer.
7. Products which do not meet the terms of this warranty will be
repaired exclusively at the buyers expense. BEHRINGER will
inform the buyer of any such circumstance. If the buyer fails to
submit a written repair order within 6 weeks after notification,
BEHRINGER will return the unit C.O.D. with a separate invoice
for freight and packing. Such costs will also be invoiced separately
when the buyer has sent in a written repair order.
This warranty is extended exclusively to the original buyer
(customer of retail dealer) and is not transferable to anyone who
may subsequently purchase this product. No other person (retail
dealer, etc.) shall be entitled to give any warranty promise on behalf
of BEHRINGER.
Failure of BEHRINGER to provide proper warranty service shall
not entitle the buyer to claim (consequential) damages. In no event
shall the liability of BEHRINGER exceed the invoiced value of the
product.
§ 7 OTHER WARRANTY RIGHTS AND NATIONAL LAW
1. This warranty does not exclude or limit the buyers statutory
rights provided by national law, in particular, any such rights against
the seller that arise from a legally effective purchase contract.
2. The warranty regulations mentioned herein are applicable
unless they constitute an infringement of national warranty law.
* Customers in the European Union please contact BEHRINGER
Germany Support for further details.
§ 5 WARRANTY TRANSFERABILITY
§ 6 CLAIM FOR DAMAGES
The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording of any kind, for any purpose, without the express written permission of
BEHRINGER is a registered trademark. ADAT® and AKM® are registered trademarks of their respective owners, which are in no way associated or
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. © 2003 BEHRINGER Spezielle Studiotechnik GmbH.
BEHRINGER Spezielle Studiotechnik GmbH, Hanns-Martin-Schleyer-Str. 36-38, 47877 Willich-Münchheide II, Germany
16
BEHRINGER Spezielle Studiotechnik GmbH.
affiliated with BEHRINGER.
Tel. +49 2154 9206 0, Fax +49 2154 9206 4903
7. WARRANTY
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