Avaya Differentiated User Manual

BayRS Version 14.00 Part No. 308620-14.00 Rev 00

September 1999 4401 Great America Parkway

Santa Clara, CA 95054

Configuring Differentiated Services

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iii

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Contents

Preface

Before You Begin .............................................................................................................xiii

Text Conventions .............................................................................................................xiv

Acronyms ........................... .......................... .......................... ......................... .................xvi

Hard-Copy Technical Manuals .................................. ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... .......................xvi

How to Get Help .............................................................................................................xvii

Chapter 1 Differentiated Services Overview

Implementing Differentiated Services .............................................................................1-1

Components of a Differentiated Services Network .........................................................1-2

Communicating with the Bandwidth Broker ....................................................................1-4

Marking Packets for Specific Services .....................................................................1-6

URL Filters .................. ....... ...... ....... ...... ............................................. ....... ...... ................1-8

Chapter 2 Starting Differentiated Servic es

Planning for a Differentiated Services Network ..............................................................2-1

Starting the Site Manager Configuration Tool .................................................................2-2

Preparing a Configuration File ........................................................................................2-2

Enabling Differentiated Services ....................................................................................2-3

Choosing A Filter Mechanism .........................................................................................2-3

Enabling COPS ........................................................................................................2-4

Enabling Static Filters ..............................................................................................2-5

Creating a Filter Template ..................................................................................2-5

Applying the Template to a Filter .......................................................................2-7

Configuring Filters for HTTP Packets ................................................................2-7

What To Do Next .............................................................................................................2-8

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Chapter 3 Customizing Differentiat ed Services

Adding a Differentiated Services Interface .....................................................................3-2

Modifying a Differentiated Services Interface .................................................................3-3

Disabling and Reenabling Differentiated Services Interfaces .........................................3-4

Disabling and Reenabling a Single Interface .............................. ....... ...... ....... ...... ...3- 4

Disabling and Reenabling All Interfaces ...................................................................3-4

Deleting Differentiated Services Interfaces .....................................................................3-5

Deleting a Single Interface .......................................................................................3-5

Deleting All Interfaces ..............................................................................................3-6

Adding COPS Servers ....................................................................................................3-6

Modifying COPS Global Parameters ..............................................................................3-7

Modifying the COPS Server Record ...............................................................................3-8

Prioritizing COPS Servers ........................................................................................3-8

Modifying the COPS Connection .............................................................................3-8

Maintaining the TCP Connection to the Server ........................................................3-9

Changing the Remote TCP Port ............................................................................3-10

Disabling and Reenabling a COPS Server ........ ....... ...... ............................................. .3-11

Deleting a COPS Server ...............................................................................................3-11

Disabling and Reenabling COPS on the Router ...........................................................3-12

Deleting COPS from the Router ...................................................................................3-12

Modifying Traffic Filters .................................................................................................3-13

DS Field and DS Police Traffic Filters ....................................................................3-13

URL Filters .................. ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .................................3-15

Appendix A Site Manager Parameters

Interface List Parameters ............................................................................................... A-2

Interface Record Parameter ........................................................................................... A-5

Differentiated Services Global Parameter ..................................................................... A-6

COPS Global Parameters .............................................................................................. A-7

COPS Server List Parameters ....................................................................................... A-9

COPS Server Record Parameters ............................................................................... A-15

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Static Traffic Filter Parameters ..................................................................................... A-16

DS Field ................................... ............................................. ...... ....... ................... A-18

DS Police Parameters .................... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ................................ A-19

HTTP Filter Parameter .......................................................................................... A-23

Appendix B Configuration Examples

A Differentiated Services Network Using Dynamic Filters ............................................. B-1

Configuring the Router ............................................................................................ B-4

Configure a Differentiated Services Interface ................................................... B-4

Configure COPS ............................................................................................... B-5

A Differentiated Services Network Using Static Traffic Filters ....................................... B-6

Configuring the Router ............................................................................................ B-7

Configure a Differentiated Services Interface ................................................... B-7

Configure a Static Filter .................................................................................... B-8

Index

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Figures

Figure 1-1. Differentiated Services Network ...............................................................1-4

Figure 1-2. Architecture of the Bandwidth Broker ......................................................1-5

Figure 1-3. Nortel Networks Differentiated Services Architecture ..............................1-7

Figure A-1. DiffServ Interface List Window ................................................................ A-2

Figure A-2. DiffServ Interface Record Window .......................................................... A-5

Figure A-3. Edit DiffServ Global Parameters Window ............................................... A-6

Figure A-4. Edit COPS Global Parameters Window .................................................. A-7

Figure A-5. COPS Server List Window ...................................................................... A-9

Figure A-6. COPS Server Record Window .............................................................. A-15

Figure A-7. DiffServ Static Filters Window .............................................................. A-16

Figure A-8. Create DiffServ Template Window ........................................................ A-17

Figure A-9. DS Field Window .................................................................................. A-18

Figure A-10. DS Police Window ................................................................................. A-19

Figure A-11. Add URL Window .................................................................................. A-23

Figure B-1. Differentiated Services Network .............................................................. B-2

Figure B-2. Differentiated Services Network Using Static Filters ............................... B-6

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Tables

Table B-1. Filters on the BLN Router ....................................................................... B-3

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This guide describes differentiated services and what you do to start and customize these services on a Nortel Networks router.

Before You Begin

Before using this guide, you must complete the following procedures. For a new router:

• Install the router (see the installation guide that came with your router).

• Connect the router to the network and create a pilot configuration file (see

Quick-Starti ng Router s , Conf igur ing BaySt ac k Remote Acc ess , or Connecting ASN Routers to a Network).

Preface

Make sure that you are runni ng the lates t versio n of Nortel Netw orks BayRS Site Manager software. For information about upgrading BayRS and Site Manager, see the upgrading guide for your version of BayRS.

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™

and

xiii

Configuring Differentiated Services

Text Conventions

This guide uses the following text conventions:

angle brackets (< >) Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the

description inside the brackets. Do not type the brackets when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

ping

ip_address

ping 192.32.10.12

>, you enter:

bold text

Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter.

Example: Enter

show ip {alerts | routes

Example: Use the

dinfo

command.

braces ({}) Indicate required elements in syntax descriptions

where there is more than one option. You must choose only one of the options. Do not type the braces when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show ip {alerts | routes show ip alerts or show ip routes

}

, you must enter either:

, but not both.

brackets ([ ]) Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions. Do

not type the brackets when entering the command. Example: If the command syntax is:

show ip interfaces [-alerts show ip interfaces

]

, you can enter either:

show ip interfaces -alerts

ellipsis points (. . . ) Indicate that you repeat the last element of the

command as needed.

xiv

Example: If the command syntax is:

ethernet/2/1 ethernet/2/1

parameter> <value

and as many parameter-value pairs as

needed.

. . .

, you enter

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Preface

italic text Indicates file and directory names, new terms, book

titles, and variables in command syntax descriptions. Where a variable is two or mor e words, the words are connected by an underscore.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show at <

valid_route

is one variable and you substitute one value

for it.

screen text Indicates system output, for example, prompts and

system messages. Example:

Set Trap Monitor Filters

separator ( > ) Shows menu paths.

Example: Protocols > I P ide nti fies the I P opt ion on the Protocols menu.

vertical line (

) Separates choices for command keywords and

arguments. Enter only one of the choices. Do not type the vertical line when enteri ng the command.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show ip {alerts | routes}, you enter either: show ip alerts or show ip routes, but not both.

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Configuring Differentiated Services

Acronyms

This guide uses the following acronyms:

COPS Common Open Policy Server DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DNS domain name server GUI graphical user interface HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol IP Internet P rotocol ISO International Organizat ion for Stand ardization LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol TCP Transmission Control Protocol URL uniform resource locator

Hard-Copy Technical Manuals

xvi

You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free, directly from the Internet. Go to support.baynetworks.com/library/tpubs/. Find the product for which you need documentation. Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardw are or soft ware product . Usi ng Adobe Ac robat Re ader, you can open the manuals and releas e notes, search for the sections you ne ed, and print them on most standard printers. You can download Acrobat Reader free from the Adobe Systems Web site, www.adobe.com.

You can purchase selected documentation sets, CDs, and technical publications through the collateral catalog. The catalog is located on the World Wide Web at

support.baynetworks.com/catalog.html and is divided into sections arranged

alphabetically:

• The “CD ROMs” section lists available CDs.

• The “Guides/Books” section lists books on technical topics.

• The “Technical Manuals” section lists available printed documentation sets.

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How to Get Help

If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance.

If you purchased a Nort el Net wor ks s ervice pr ogram, c ontact one of the f ollowing Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers:

Technical Solutions Center Telephone Number

Billerica, MA 800-2LANWAN (800-252-6926) Santa Clara, CA 800-2LANWAN (800-252-6926) Valbonne, France 33-4-92-96-69-68 Sydney, Australia 61-2-9927-8800 Tokyo, Japan 81-3-5402-7041

Preface

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xvii

Chapter 1

Differentiated Services Overview

Differentiated services is a network architecture that lets service providers and enterprise network environments offer varied levels of servi ce for different types of data traffic. Instead of using the “best-effort” service model to ensure data delivery, differentiated services lets you designate a specific level of performance on a packet-by-packet basis. If you have applications that require high performance and reliable service, such as voice and video over IP, you can use differentiated services to give preferential treatment to this data over other traffic.

For each packet, there is a differentiated services field in the packet header that you can mark for specific service. For IP packets, this is called the DS field. The DS field has a specific value that defines how the packet is treated as it travels through the network.

Differentiated services is scalable, making it ideal for large networks. Edge devices, like Nortel Networks routers, classify much of the data, leaving less of the processing for the core of the network. In addition, the services can aggregate traffic for more efficient transmis si on.

Implementing Differentiated Services

In any differentiated services network, the edge router is responsible for filtering and marking data pa ckets for serv ice; ho wev e r , there ar e two di f ferent methods for configuring filters on the edge router.

You can install filters using one of two methods:

• Dynamically install them by a server called the bandwidth broker, which communicates with th e router u sing the Common Open Polic y Serv er (COPS) protocol. Trigger and flow filters are then automatically installed on the router.

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Configuring Differentiated Services

• Manually configure them on the edge router. You can create filters that instruct the router to mark specific packets for

special service throughout the network. If you manually configure filters, there is no need for a bandwidth broker or policy server.

Implementing a differentiated depends on your specific network requirements. If you implement differentiated services with a bandwidth broker, you have more flexibility and control over your network, but you have the cost and effort of maintaining a serv er. Conversely, if you manually configuring f i lter s, this requir es a lot of work because you must configure each router separately, but you do not have the added cost of maintaining a server.

Components of a Differentiated Services Network

The following devices comprise a differentiated services network:

•Host Resides at the sending and receiving point in the network. The host is the

device that requests service from the network.

1-2

• Bandwidth Broker The bandwidth broker typically resides in the ISP or enterprise network. Its

primary function is to act as a resource manager, keeping records of all the reserved data flows and filters and managing bandwidth allocation.

The bandwidth broker installs trigger and flow filters on the edge router. These filte rs te ll t he r outer ho w t o proc es s inc oming pa cke ts. The tri gger f ilt er detects the beginning of a traffic flow and notifies the bandwidth broker. The flow filter identi fies packet s t hat belong to a spec ific data fl ow and designates how packets that match the filter should be marked. The edge device and the bandwidth broker communicate using the COPS protocol.

The bandwidth broker may also be called the COPS server because COPS is the protocol used for communication between the broker and the edge router.

Not all differentiated services networks have a bandwidth broker. If no bandwidth broker exists, you must configure filters on the edge device.

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Differentiated Services Overview

• Policy server The policy server resides inside the ISP or enterprise network. It provides

policy admission control, which administrates network services and user authentication functions. The policy server monitors which data flows are assigned to a user and whether an application should have network access. In addition, the policy server polices data flows so it can limit the amount of high-priority traffic in the network. This prevents network resources from becoming overburdened.

In some networks, the bandwidth broker is the same device as the policy server; however, they can be different devices.

Not all differentiated services networks use a policy server.

• Edge router The edge router resides at the edge of the network. Its function is to classify

data flows and mark them by setting the DS field in the IP header. The DS field designates a specific type of service to each packet and instructs the network how to process the packet.

• Core net work device

•Server Manager

Figure 1-1

and a bandwidth broker. If you manually configure filters, the bandwidth broker and server manager would not be included.

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The core network device, which is typically a high-performance router, resides in the ISP or enterprise network. It routes data along the appropriate path through the network. This router cannot classify packets itself.

The server manager, which resides outside the network, sets up video conferences. The server manager s omet imes ac ts as the intermediar y bet ween the host and the bandwidth broker, passing on the host’s requests to the bandwidth broker. The server manager is not a requi red par t of a d if ferent iated services network.

shows a differentiated services network tha t i ncl udes a server manager

1-3

Configuring Differentiated Services

Server manager

ISP or enterprise network

Bandwidth broker/

policy server

Host

BLN

Highperformance router

Figure 1-1. Differentiated Services Network

Communicating with the Bandwidth Broker

If your differentiated services network uses a bandwidth broker, the router uses the COPS protocol to communicate with t he bandwidth broker. COPS enables the exchange of policy information between the bandwidth broker and its clients.

ASN

Host

DFS0001A

1-4

The router is the COPS client. The COPS client uses the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to communicate with the bandwidth broker. The COPS client can connect to only one server at a time, choosing the server from list of servers that you define.

When the router requests a f ilt er from the band width brok er , the bandwidth brok er responds with its own request to perform one or more of the following actions:

• Install a new filter.

• Update an existing filter.

• Disable or enable an existing filter.

• Delete an existing filter.

For each request, the differentiated services application on the router takes the necessary action and then sends an acknowledgment back to the bandwidth broker. Note that the bandwidth broker can also send unsolicited requests.

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Differentiated Services Overview

If an interface on the router becomes inactive or terminates, the differentiated services application deletes all filters from that interface. After the interface recover s, the r outer nee ds to r equest t he f ilter s from the bandwi dth brok er a gain. If the connection to the bandwidth broker is temporarily lost, the COPS client software atte mpts to recon nect to the s erv er. In this case, the router does not delet e the filters.

The bandwidth brok er a ssigns an I D t o ea ch f i lter b efore inst alli ng it on the rout er. The bandwidth broker can then change an installed filter based on that ID. If the bandwidth broker requests an update or removal of a nonexistent filter, the router ignores the request and sends an error message to the bandwidth broker. You can view the filters installed by the bandwidth broker using the router’s traffic filters feature, but you cannot modify them.

Figure 1-2

Policy server/COPS server GUI

shows the Nortel Networks bandwidth broker architecture.

Application server

Server manager

LDAP

LDAP server with policy database

Bandwidth broker PC using

TCP connection

to the router

LDAP

Policy information

is placed in

the database

Web server

Windows NT

DFS0004A

Figure 1-2. Architecture of the Bandwidth Broker

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Configuring Differentiated Services

Marking Packets for Specific Services

A packet’s assigned level of service determines whether it receives preferential treatment as it travels through the network. The DS field has a specific value that determines the service.

If the router communicates with a bandwidth broker, the process of installing filters and marking packets is as follows:

The edge router contacts the bandwidth broker with a configuration request. This happens automatically as part of the router’s normal differentiated services activity for each differentiated services interface.

The bandwidth broker responds by downloading a set of trigger and flow filters from its database to the edge router.

When a packet ar rives at a router’s differentiated services interface, the router checks its trigger filter and fl ow filt ers, i f an y are ins tall ed, to se e if t he pack e t matches either f ilte r’s criteria. If the pack et matches the t rigger f il ter’s criteria, the router sends a message to the bandwidth broker. (For the purposes of this explanation, we will assume that the packet did not match any previously installed flow filter.)

1-6

After the bandwidth broker receives a message from the router, it responds, possibly with its own request to install additional filters.

The router may or may not accept the additional filters because it may have a limit on the number of filters it can handle, or the filter is misconfigured with an action that is unknown to the router. If the bandwidth broker does install additional f ilters, the y are added t o the fil ter table of the diff erentiate d services interface.

Packets that arrive on that interface that match the flow filter criteria are marked by the differentiated services application with a DS-field pattern specified by t he f ilt er. The value in the DS f ield d etermi nes whethe r the pac ket is sent to a high-priority data queue for preferential treatment. This is how each packet gets marked or “differen tiated” for a specific type of service.

After a packet is marked, it is sent to the core network device where, depending on the marking, the packet receives preferential treatment as it is routed through the network and on to the destination host.

Figure 1-3

shows the Nortel Networks differentiated services architecture and

how the router marks a packet.

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Bandwidth broker/policy server

4/5

COPS client communicates with the

TCP connection

bandwidth broker

Differentiated Services Overview

1 Inbound data

COPS client

Differentiated services

application

Classification, policing, and marking mechanism

1. Router receives data.

2. There is a trigger filter match and the differentiated services application is notified.

3. Router sends message to bandwidth broker, which includes the trigger filter ID and part of the original data packet.

4. Bandwidth broker associates traffic with a level of service. The dataflow passes policy admission control.

5. Bandwidth broker associates the level of service with bandwidth resources. The dataflow passes bandwidth admission control.

6. The bandwidth broker installs a flow filter on the router.

Flows with the DS field marked go to protocol prioritization

Protocol prioritization by mark in DS field

High queue

Medium queue

Low queue

Premium marked flows

Tiered marked flows

Unmarked flows

(best effort)

DFS0005A

Figure 1-3. Nortel Networks Differentiated Services Architecture

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1-7

Configuring Differentiated Services

URL Filters

The router can filter and mark Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) traffic based on uniform resource locator (URL) strings. For the router to use an URL filter, whether it is installed by the bandwidth broker or configured manually, it must contain the URL string and optionally, any of the following information:

• Source IP address

• Destination IP address

• Destination port (the default port is 80)

Although only the URL string is required, for efficient data transmission, it is useful to also include one of these other filter criteria.

After the trigger and flow filters are configured on the router, the router can mark inbound HTTP traffic for transmission through the network. If the router receives data that matches a URL filter, the router installs another f il ter, called the dynamic filter, on the next-hop interface, which is an interface on this same router. This filter is available for the duration of the HTTP session. This dynamic filter is deleted if there is no data a cti vity du ring th e time peri od specif ie d by the URL idle out timer. The original URL filter remains installed on the router.

1-8

For more information about the URL idle out timer, see the URL Idle Out Timer parameter description on page A-4.

Note:

Even if you configure URL filters manually (static configuration), the differentiated services application uses COPS to install the dynamic filter. URL filters are the only filters that create these dynamic filters.

You must configure differentiated services on all possible next-hop interfaces on the router , or at le ast al l ne xt-h op in terf ace s where t he HTTP se rv ers mig ht res ide. Otherwise, the router will not be able to mark the return packets.

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Chapter 2

Starting Differentiated Services

The quickest way to configure differentiated services on the router is to enable it with the default configuration that Nortel Networks software supplies. This configuration u ses all available default values for the interface and COPS parameters. You will need to supply values only for parameters that do not have default values.

This chapter includes the following topics:

Topic Page

Planning for a Differentiated Services Network 2-1 Starting the Site Manager Configuration Tool 2-2 Preparing a Configuration File 2-2 Enabling Differentiated Services 2-3 Choosing A Filter Mechanism 2-3 What To Do Next 2-8

Planning for a Differentiated Services Network

This guide primarily explains how to configure a Nortel Networks router as a differentiated services edge device.

For the router to successfully operate in a differentiated services network, you must obtain the following information prior to configuring it:

• The IP address of the bandwidth broker.

• The client IP Address and ID of the router. Provide this information to the

administrator configuring the bandwidth broker.

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2-1

Configuring Differentiated Services

Starting the Site Manager Configuration Tool

Before configuring differentiated services, see Configuring and Managing Routers with Site Manager for instructions on how to use the Configuration

Manager for config uration task s. This guide also desc ribes genera lly ho w to create and modify a configuration.

Preparing a Configuration File

Before starting differentiated services, you must create and save a configuration file with at l ea st o ne I P interface. The phy si cal interface can b e any LAN port, for example, Et hernet or token ring.

For information about creating a configuration file, see Quick-Starting Routers. To add differentiated services to a configuration file, first open the file by

completing the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

2-2

You do this System responds

1. In the main Site Manager window, choose .

Tools

2. Choose

3. Choose

Dynamic

4. Select the file and click on OK. You return to the Configuration Manager

Configuration Manager

Local File, Remote File, or

. The Configuration Manager window

The Tools menu opens.

opens. Site Manager prompts you for the

configuration file you want to open.

window, which displays the router slots and their associated modules.

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Enabling Differentiated Servic es

To enable a differentiated services interface, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

Starting Differentiated Services

1. In the Configuration Manager window,

click on an IP interface connector.

2. Accept the default circuit name or enter a

new name, then click on OK.

3. Scroll through the list of protocols, and

choose

4. Enter the router’s IP address in the

Address

Configuring IP, ARP, RIP, and OSPF Services

5. Click on

DiffServ

for a parameter descriptio n.

Done

, then click on OK.

field, then click on OK. See

. You return to the Configuration Manager

Choosing A Filter Mechanism

In addition to enabling a differentiated services interface, you must select a mechanism for installing filters on the router. The router uses filters to determine which packets it should mark for special treatment through the network. You can either enable the COPS protocol or manually configure filters.

Note:

The router does not allow IP traffic filters on a differentiated services interface. If you add differentiated services to an interface that already has IP traffic filters configured, the router will remove them.

The Add Circuit window opens.

The Select Protocols window opens.

The IP Configuration window opens.

The DiffServ Interfac e List windo w opens . The interface is now enabled.

window.

Go to one of the following sections to choose a filter mechanism:

• Enabling COPS on page 2-4

• Enabling Static Filters on page 2-5

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2-3

Configuring Differentiated Services

Enabling COPS

If the router is receiving filters from a bandwidth broker, you need to enable COPS so the router can communicate with the bandwidth broker.

To enable COPS, complete the following tasks:

You do this System responds

Site Manager Procedure

1. In the DiffServ Interface List window, set the

Config Type

Click on description on page A-4.

2. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Interface List

3. Click on

4. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Interface List

5. Click on

6. Set the following parameters:

• Client IP Address

• Client ID

Click on descriptions beginning on page A-8.

7. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Interface List

8. Click on

9. Click on

10. Set the

Help

page A-16.

11. Click on OK. You return to the COPS Server List

12. Click on

13. Click on

Help

Apply

COPS Global

Help

COPS Servers Add

IP Address

or see the parameter description on

Done Done

parameter to

or see the parameter

. A message prompts:

. The Edit COPS Global Parameters

or see the parameter

. The COPS Server Record window opens.

parameter. Click on

. You return to the DiffServ Interface List. . You return to the Configuration Manager

COPS

Site Manager displays a message

informing you t hat the stati c filters will be deleted and asks if you want to continue.

window.

Static filters will be deleted. Do you want to continue?

window.

window opens.

window. The COPS Server List window opens.

window, with the server entry listed.

window.

2-4

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Enabling Static Filters

If your network does not use a bandwidth broker, you need to manually configure filters on the router.

When you create traffic filters, it is important to understand the difference between a t raffic filter template and an actual traffic filter. A filter template is a reusable, predefined specification for a traffic filter. You create an actual traffic filter when you apply a filter template to a configured router interface. You can apply a single template to as many interfaces as you want.

Each template must contain filter criteria and filter actions (log, drop, accept, set DS field, set DS police). The actions are performed on the filtered packets.

Note:

Log is the only action that you can combine with other actions. For

example, you cannot combine Set DS Field and Set DS Police for one filter.

Creating a Filter Template

Starting Differentiated Services

To configure a diffe renti ated s er vices f ilt er t empla te, co mp lete the fo ll o wi ng ta sks:

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window,

2. Choose IP. The IP menu opens.

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Select the interface you want to modify,

6. Click on

7. Click on

8. Enter a name for the template in t he

308620-14.00 Rev 00

choose

and click on

Name

Protocols

DiffServ Interfaces

Template

Create

field.

Site Manager Procedure

The Protocols menu opens.

. The DiffServ menu opens.

. The DiffServ Interface Lis t win dow opens.

The DiffServ Static Filters window opens.

Traffic Filt

. The Create DiffServ Template window

. The Filter Template Management win dow

opens.

Filter

(continued)

2-5

Configuring Differentiated Services

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

9. Choose

10.Choose

11.Add one or more filter criteria.

12.Choose

13.Choose

14.To select the DS field as the filter action, choose for the DS Field, 00000000 to 11111111. See “DS Field” on page A-18 for more information.

15.To select the DiffServ Police as the filter action, choose set the following parameters:

• Token Bucket Rate (Kbps)

• Token Bucket Size (Bits)

• Inprofile Marking

• Out of Profile Marking

Click on descriptions beginning on page A-20. Accept the default values for the other parameters.

16. Click on

17. Click on

18. Click on

19.Apply the filter template according to the instructions in the next table.

Criteria Add

Action Add

DiffServ Set Field

Help

Save

OK.

Done

. The Criteria menu op ens.

. The Add menu opens.

. The Action menu opens.

. The Add menu opens.

and set a value

DiffServ Set Police

or see the parameter

. You return to the Create DiffServ

. You return to the DiffServ Static Filters

and

(continued)

Template window. You return to the Filter Template

Management window.

window.

2-6

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Starting Differentiated Services

Applying the Template to a Filter

After you create your differentiated services filter template, you need to create a filter by applying the template to a differentiated ser vices interface.

To apply a filter templ ate, complete th e following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the DiffServ Static Filters window, click on

2. Enter a name for the filter in the

Name

3. Select the diff e ren tiat ed s ervices interface that should use this filter in the Interfaces list.

4. Select a template in the Templates list.

5. Click on

6. Click on Configuration Manager window.

Create

field.

until you return to the

Done

Filter

The Create Filter window opens.

You return to the DiffServ Static Filters window. Site Manager displays the filter name and its interface in the scroll list.

Configuring Filters for HTTP Packets

To modify a filter to include URLs, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. See “Creating a Filter Template

page 2-5

the table.

2. Click on

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Choose

and follow steps 1 through 5 in

. The Edit DiffServ Filters window opens.

Edit Criteria Add Add URL

. The Criteria menu op ens.

. The Add menu opens.

. The A dd URL window opens.

” on

(continued)

308620-14.00 Rev 00

2-7

Configuring Differentiated Services

You do this System responds

6. Set the see the param eter descr iption on page A-23.

7. Click on

8. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Static Filters

9. Click on Configuration Manager window.

You must always associat e a f ilter criteri a with a f ilte r action. Thi s ensures th at the router uses the URL criterion with the appropriate differentiated services action, for example, Set DS Field, to determine how to mark packets.

For detailed inf o r mation about creating filters, see Configuring Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization.

What To Do Next

parameter. Click on

URL

OK.

until you return to the

Done

Site Manager Procedure

Help

You return to the Edit DiffServ Filters window.

window.

(continued)

2-8

Now that you have completed the steps in this chapter, differentiated services should be operating on at least one interface. To customize the differentiated services configuration, go to Chapte r 3, “Customizing Differentiated Servic es.”

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Chapter 3

Customizing Differentiated Services

When you enable differentiated services, default values are in effect for all parameters. Depending on your network requirements, you may want to change these values.

This chapter describes how to customize your differentiated services configuration and includes the following topics:

Topic Page

Adding a Differentiated Services Interface 3-2 Modifying a Differentiated Services Interface 3-3 Disabling and Reenabling Differentiated Services Interfaces 3-4 Deleting Differentiated Services Interfaces 3-5 Adding COPS Servers 3-6 Modifying COPS Global Parameters 3-7 Modifying the COPS Server Record 3-8 Disabling and Reenabling a COPS Server 3-11 Deleting a COPS Server 3-11 Disabling and Reenabling COPS on the Router 3-12 Deleting COPS from the Router 3-12 Modifying Traffic Filters 3-13

308620-14.00 Rev 00

3-1

Configuring Differentiated Services

Adding a Differentiated Services Interface

To add a differentiated services interface, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose IP. The IP menu opens.

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Click on

6. Click on

7. Select an IP interface from the list, then click on OK.

8. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Interface List

9. Click on

Protocols

DiffServ Interfaces

Add

Values

Done

. The DiffServ menu opens.

. The DiffServ Interface Lis t win dow opens.

. The DiffServ Interface Record window

. The Values Selection window opens.

. You return to the Configuration Manager

The Protocols menu opens.

opens.

Site Manager enters this address for the IP Address parameter.

window.

3-2

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Customizing Differentiated Services

Modifying a Differentiated Ser vices Interfac e

You can modify the configuration type of a differentiated services interface, specify which debug messages for an interface are stored in the router’s events log, and specify an idle timer for URL fil t ers.

To modify a differentiated services interface, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose IP. The IP menu opens.

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Select the interface you want to modify.

6. Set the following parameters:

• Config Type

• Debug Log Mask (hex)

• URL Idle Out Timer

Click on descriptions beginning on page A-3.

7. Click on

Protocols

DiffServ Interfaces

Help

Done

. The DiffServ menu opens.

. The DiffServ Interface Lis t win dow opens.

or see the parameter

. You return to the Configuration Manager

The Protocols menu opens.

window.

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3-3

Configuring Differentiated Services

Disabling and Reena bling Differentiated Services Int erfaces

After you create a differentiated services interface, by default it is enabled. You can disable and reenable a single interface or all interfaces at any time.

Disabling and Reenabling a Single Interface

To disable or reenable a single interface, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose IP. The IP menu opens.

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Select the interface you want to disable or reenable.

6. Set the or see the parameter description on page A-3.

7. Click on

Protocols

DiffServ Interfaces

Enable

Done

. The DiffServ menu opens.

. The DiffServ Interface Lis t win dow opens.

parameter. Click on

. You return to the Configuration Manager

Help

Disabling and Reenabling All Interfaces

To globally disable or reenable differentiated services interfaces, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

The Protocols menu opens.

window.

3-4

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose IP. The IP menu opens.

Protocols

The Protocols menu opens.

(continued)

308620-14.00 Rev 00

Customizing Differentiated Services

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Set the or see the parameter description on page A-6.

6. Click on

DiffServ Global

Enable

Done

. The DiffServ menu opens.

. The Edit DiffServ Global Parameters

parameter. Click on

. You return to the Configuration Manager

Help

(continued)

window opens.

window.

Deleting Differentiated Services Interfaces

You can delete a single interface or all interfaces from the router.

Deleting a Single Interface

To delete a single interface, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window,

2. Choose IP. The IP menu opens.

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Select the interface you want to disable or

6. Click on

308620-14.00 Rev 00

choose

reenable, and click on

Protocols

DiffServ Interfaces

Done

. The DiffServ menu opens.

. The DiffServ Interface Lis t win dow opens.

. You return to the Configuration Manager

Delete

The Protocols menu opens.

Site Manager removes the interface from

the list.

window.

3-5

Configuring Differentiated Services

Deleting All Interfaces

To globally delete differentiated services interfaces, complete the following tasks:

You do this System responds

Site Manager Procedure

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose IP. The IP menu opens.

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Click on OK. You return to the Configuration Manager

Protocols

DiffServ Delete

Adding COPS Servers

To add COPS servers that the router can communicate with, complete the following tasks:

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Click on Add. The COPS Server Record window opens .

6. Set the

Help

page A-16.

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client COPS Servers

IP Address

or see the parameter description on

The Protocols menu opens.

. The DiffServ menu opens.

. A confirmation windo w prompts:

REALLY want to delete DiffServ?

window.

Site Manager Procedure

The Protocols menu opens.

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

. The COPS Client menu opens.

. The COPS Server List window opens

parameter. Click on

(continued)

Do you

3-6

308620-14.00 Rev 00

Customizing Differentiated Services

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

7. Click on OK. You return to the COPS Server List

8. Click on

. You return to the Configuration Manager

Done

Modifying COPS Global Parameters

In most cases, you do not ne ed t o modi fy t he s olo slot mask, the COPS client’s IP address, or the client ID after you initially configure them. However, you may modify these parameters.

To modify the client’s address and ID, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Set the following parameters:

• Solo Slot Mask

• Client IP Address

• Client ID

Click on descriptions beginning on page A-8.

6. Click on OK. You return to the Configuration Manager

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client COPS Global

Help

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

. The COPS Client menu opens.

. The Edit COPS Global Parameters

or see the parameter

(continued)

window. Site Manager adds the new server to the server list.

window.

The Protocols menu opens.

window opens.

window.

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3-7

Configuring Differentiated Services

Modifying the COPS Server Record

The following sections describe how to modify the COPS server record.

Prioritizing COPS Servers

You can prioritize the available COPS servers so that the router tries connecting to one server before trying another. The router can connect to only one server at a time.

To assign a priority number to each server, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Set the or see the parameter description on page A-10.

6. Click on

7. Click on

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client COPS Servers

Priority

Apply Done

. The COPS Client menu opens.

. The COPS Server List window opens.

parameter. Click on

. You return to the Configuration Manager

Modifying the COPS Connection

The connection to the COPS server is established at two different levels, the COPS layer and the TCP layer. The COPS application on the router is a TCP client.

At the COPS level, you can customize how the router connects to a COPS server, for example, defining how often the router retries a connection and how long the router keeps the connection active.

The Protocols menu opens.

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

Help

window.

3-8

308620-14.00 Rev 00

Customizing Differentiated Services

To customize how the router connects to a COPS server, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Set the following parameters:

• Connection Retry Period

• Connection Retry Count

• KeepAlive Time Period

• Report Time Period

Click on descriptions beginning on page A-10.

6. Click on

7. Click on

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client COPS Servers

Help

Apply Done

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

. The COPS Client menu opens.

. The COPS Server List window opens.

or see the parameter

. You return to the Configuration Manager

The Protocols menu opens.

window.

Maintaining the TCP Connection to the Server

The router communicates to the COPS server across a TCP connection. To keep the connection established, even when there is no data being transmitted, you can configure keepalive timers and retry counts to maintain the connection.

To modify the keepalive parameters that maintain the TCP connection, complete the following tasks:

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window,

2. Choose

3. Choose

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choose

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client

. The COPS Client menu opens.

Site Manager Procedure

The Protocols menu opens.

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

(continued)

3-9

Configuring Differentiated Services

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

4. Choose

5. Set the following parameters:

• TCP KeepAlive Interval

• TCP KeepAlive RTO

• TCP KeepAlive Max Retry Cnt

Click on descriptions beginning on page A-10.

6. Click on

7. Click on

COPS Servers

or see the parameter

Help

Apply

. You return to the Configuration Manager

Done

. The COPS Server List window opens.

Changing the Remote TCP Port

If the bandwidth broker application operates on a different port than the default, which is the defined COPS standard, you can specify a different port. In most cases, however, you can use the default port.

To modify the remote TCP port, complete the following tasks:

(continued)

window.

3-10

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Set the Click on descriptions beginning on page A-14.

6. Click on

7. Click on

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client COPS Servers

Remote TCP Port

Help

Apply Done

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

. The COPS Client menu opens.

. The COPS Server List window opens.

parameter.

or see the parameter

. You return to the Configuration Manager

The Protocols menu opens.

window.

308620-14.00 Rev 00

Customizing Differentiated Services

Disabling and Reenabling a COPS Serve r

To disable and reenable a single COPS server, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Select the server entry you want to disable or reenable.

6. Set the or see the parameter description on page A-10.

7. Click on

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client COPS Servers

Enable

parameter. Click on

. You return to the Configuration Manager

Done

Deleting a COPS Server

To delete a single server entry from the server list, c omplete the following tasks:

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Select the server entry you w ant to de lete , then click on

6. Click on

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client COPS Servers

Delete

. You return to the Configuration Manager

Done

The Protocols menu opens.

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

. The COPS Client menu opens.

. The COPS Server List window opens.

Help

window.

Site Manager Procedure

The Protocols menu opens.

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

. The COPS Client menu opens.

. The COPS Server List window opens.

Site Manager removes the entry.

window.

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3-11

Configuring Differentiated Services

Disabling and Reenabling COPS on the Router

To disable and reenable all COPS servers, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Set the or see the parameter description on page A-7.

6. Click on OK. You return to the Configuration Manager

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client COPS Global

Enable

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

. The COPS Client menu opens.

. The Edit COPS Global Parameters

parameter. Click on

Deleting COPS from the Router

To delete COPS functionality from the router, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Click on OK. You return to the Configuration Manager

Protocols

Global Protocols COPS Client COPS Delete

. The Global Protocols menu opens.

. The COPS Client menu opens.

. A confirmation windo w prompts:

Help

The Protocols menu opens.

window opens.

window.

The Protocols menu opens.

Do you

REALLY want to delete COPS?

window.

3-12

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Modifying Traffic Filters

If you selected static for an interface’s configuration type, you configured traffic filters because filters are not downloaded from a bandwidth broker.

Note that unlike standard IP traffic filters, only the following actions are allowed for differentiated services traffic filters:

• Log -- For every packet that matches the filter entry, the router enters a message in the Events log. You can specify this action together with other actions.

• Drop -- The router does not route any packet that matches the filter criteria.

• Accept -- The router forwards a packet without marking it.

• DiffServ Set Field -- The router sets the DS byte in the IP header for all packets that match the filter criteria.

• DiffServ Set Police -- The router monitors the packet flow and determines if that packet is in or out of the profile. If the packet fits the profile, the router sets the DS byte.

Customizing Differentiated Services

Another feature unique to differentiated services filters is that you can use URLs as filter criteria, which enables the router to mark HTTP packets.

DS Field and DS Police Traffic Filters

These procedures assu me t hat you have crea te d a filter templ ate and appli ed i t to a filter.

To modify a filter that includes DS Field or DS Police action, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window,

2. Choose IP. The IP menu opens.

3. Choose

308620-14.00 Rev 00

choose

Protocols

DiffServ

. The DiffServ menu opens.

The Protocols menu opens.

(continued)

3-13

Configuring Differentiated Services

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

4. Choose

5. Select the interface you want to modify, and click on

6. Select the filter you want to edit and click on

7. To change the DS field entry, choose

Action > Edit DS Field

8. To modify the DS Police action, choose

Action > Edit DS Police

following parameters:

• Token Bucket Rate (Kbps)

• Token Bucket Size (Bits)

• MIN Policed (Bytes)

• MAX Policed (Bytes)

• Inprofile Marking

• Inprofile Behavior

• Out of Profile Marking

• Out of Profile Behavior

Click on Help or see the parameter descriptions beginning on page A-20.

9. Click on

10. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Static Filters

11. Click on Configuration Manager window.

Edit

Interfaces

Save.

Done

. The DiffServ Interface Lis t win dow opens.

Traffic Filt

until you return to the

and set the

(continued)

The DiffServ Static Filters window opens.

The Edit DiffServ Filters window opens.

The DS Field window opens.

You return to the Edit DiffServ Filters window.

window.

3-14

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URL Filters

Customizing Differentiated Services

These procedures assu me t hat you have crea te d a filter templ ate and appli ed i t to a filter.

To modify a filter that includes a URL as a criterion, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, choose

2. Choose IP. The IP menu opens.

3. Choose

4. Choose

5. Select the interface you want to modify, and click on

6. Select the filter you want to edit and click on

7. Select a URL and click on

8. Make any modifications, then click on OK. You return to the Edit DiffServ Filters

9. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Static Filters

10. Click on Configuration Manager window.

Edit

Protocols

DiffServ Interfaces

Done

. The DiffServ menu opens.

. The DiffServ Interface Lis t win dow opens.

Traffic Filt

until you return to the

. The Edit URL window opens.

Modify

The Protocols menu opens.

The DiffServ Static Filters window opens.

The Edit DiffServ Filters window opens.

window.

For general information about how to create traffic filters, see Conf i guri ng Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization.

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3-15

Appendix A

Site Manager Pa rameters

These topi cs define differentiate d services parameters:

Topic Page

Interface List Parameters A-2 Interface Record Parameter A-5 Differentiated Services Global Parameter A-6 COPS Global Parameters A-7 COPS Server List Parameters A-9 COPS Server Record Parameters A-15 Static Traffic Filter Parameters A-16

For each parameter, this appendix provides the following information:

• Parameter name

• Configuration Manager menu path

• Default setting

• Valid parameter options

• Parameter function

• Instructio ns for setting the parameter

• Management information base (MIB) object ID

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A-1

Configuring Differentiated Services

The Technician Interface allows you to modi fy attributes by issuing set and

commit commands with the MIB Object ID. This process is equivalent to

modifying parameters using Site Manager. For more information about using the Technician Interface to access the MIB, see Using Technician Interface Software.

Caution:

The Technician Interface does not verify attribute values you enter.

Entering an invalid value can corrupt your configuration.

Interface List Parameters

The DiffServ Interface List window (Figure A-1) contains the parameters for the differe ntiated ser vices inter faces. These parameter s let you enable an interf ace and determine its configuration type.

A-2

Figure A-1. DiffServ Interface List Window

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Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Enable

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces

Default: Enabled

Options: Enabled

Function: Enables or disables differentiated ser vices on this interface.

Instructions: After you configure a differentiated ser vices inter fac e, this paramet er is enabl ed

by default . To disable differen tiated serv ices on this i nterfac e without de leting it, select Disabled.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.26.2.1.2

Parameter: Debug Log Mask (hex)

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces

Default: 0x00000001

Options: Filter Maintenance

Extra Debugging

Function: Specifies which event messages the router should include in the event log.

Instructions: Select one or more event messages that you want to include in the log. To log

events such as when a filter is added, deleted, enabled, or disabled, select Filter Maintenance. To log when a packet matches a trigger filter criterion and is sent to the server, select Trigger Events. The other options are for debugging. Site Manager fills in the appropriate hex value for the options you have chosen.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.26.2.1.6

Disabled

Interaction w ith COPS | Trigger Events | IP Interaction |

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A-3

Configuring Differentiated Services

Parameter: Config Type

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces

Default: Static

Options: Static

COPS

Function: Indicates the configuration type for this interface. The configuration type

defines whet her the i nterface uses manually con f i gured f i lter s or filters insta lled by the bandwidth broker.

Instructions: Select the appropriate configuration type:

Static -- Select this option to manually configure filters. These filters identify packets for specific data flows and define the actions performed on each packet.

COPS -- Select this option to use the Common Open Policy Server (COPS) protocol to request flow filters from the bandwidth broker. Using COPS, the flow f ilters are alr eady a v ailabl e from the bandwidth br oker a nd are do wnl oaded to the router upon request.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.26.2.1.7

Parameter: URL Idle Out Timer

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces

Default: 120

Options: 1 to 0x7fffffff seconds

Function: Specifies the number of seconds that the router waits before a dynamic URL

filter on the next-hop interface is deleted.

Instructions: Specify a value for the idle out time period.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.26.2.1.8

A-4

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Interface Record Parameter

The DiffServ Interface Record window (Figure A-2) contains the IP Address parameter for the differentiated services interfac e. Th is par ameter lets you spec if y a configured IP address as a differentiated services interface.

Site Manager Parameters

Figure A-2. DiffServ Interface Record Window

Parameter: IP Address

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces > Add

Default: None

Options: An existing IP address on the router

Function: Identifies a differentiated services interface on the router.

Instructions: Enter the IP address of the differentiated services interface.

MIB Object ID: Not Applicable

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A-5

Configuring Differentiated Services

Differentiated Services Global Parameter

The Edit DiffServ Global Parameters window (Figure A-3) contains the Enable parameter, which l ets you disab le and ree nable all d ifferentiated se rvice inter fa ces on the router.

Figure A-3. Edit DiffServ Global Parameters Window

Parameter: Enable

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Global

Default: Enabled

Options: Enabled

Function: Disables and reenables all differentiated services interfaces on the router.

Instructions: To disable differentiated services on the router, select Disabled. Otherwise,

accept the default.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.26.1.2

A-6

Disabled

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COPS Global Parameters

The Edit COPS Global P arameters windo w ( Figure A-4) contains the COPS client parameters. These are global parameters t hat apply to the entire router , not just an individual interface. These parameters let you customize how the router communicates with the bandwidth broker.

Site Manager Parameters

Figure A-4. Edit COPS Global Parameters Window

Parameter: Enable

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Global

Default: Enabled

Options: Enabled

Function: Enables and disables COPS on the router.

Instructions: If you selected COPS as the configuration type, this parameter is automatically

set to Enabled. To disable COPS without deleting it, select Disabled.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.1.2

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Disabled

A-7

Configuring Differentiated Services

Parameter: Solo Slot Mask

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Global

Default: All slots on the router. The number of slots varies by hardware platform.

Options: Hex number representing the slots on the router, up to slot 14.

Function: Specifies the mask for the slot on which the soloist can operate. The most

signific ant bit (MS Bi t ) re presents slot 1, the next most signif ic ant bit represents slot 2 and so on, up to slot 14.

Instructions: For most cases, accept the default. If you want to change how the router

manages its slot resources, change the slot mask by entering a hex value that specifies the slots for the COPS soloist.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.1.6

Parameter: Client IP Address

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Global

Default: None

Options: An IP address of a router interface

Function: Specifies the IP interface address of the COPS client, that is, the router. COPS

uses this address to communicate with the bandwidth broker.

Instructions: Enter the IP address of the router as the COPS client.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.1.8

Parameter: Client ID

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Global

Default: None

Options: Any alphanumeric string

Function: Identifies the router to the COPS server by assigning it a unique ID.

Instructions: Specify an ID for the router as the COPS client.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.1.9

A-8

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COPS Server List Parameters

The COPS Server List windo w (Fi gure A-5) contains the list of COPS servers that are allowed to install filters on the router.

Site Manager Parameters

Figure A-5. COPS Server List Window

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A-9

Configuring Differentiated Services

Parameter: Enable

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: Enabled

Options: Enabled

Disabled

Function: Enables and disables a COPS server.

Instructions: If you selected COPS as the configuration type, this parameter is automatically

set to Enabled. To disable a COPS serv er wi thout delet ing it from t he ser v er li st, select Disabled.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.2

Parameter: Priority

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: 1

Options: 1 to 128

Function: Assigns a priority rating to the COPS server. The higher the number, the higher

the priority. For example, a server with a priority of 2 will be the active server before a server with a priority of 1.

Instructions: Enter a priority value for the server.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.4

Parameter: Connection Retry Period

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: 30

Options: 1 to 65535 seconds

Function: Specifies the time period, in seconds, between connection retry attempts to the

server.

Instructions: Enter a value for the connection retry interval.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.6

A-10

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Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: Connection Retry Count

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: 3

Options: 1 to 10

Function: Specifies the number of connection attempts that the router makes before

determining that the server is unreachable.

Instructions: Enter a value for the number of connection retry attempts to the server.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.7

Parameter: KeepAlive Time Period

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: 1

Options: 1 to 65535 seconds

Function: Specifies the time period, in seconds, between the transmission of keepalive

packets to the server.

Instructions: Enter a value for the transmission interval betw een keepalive packets. Note that

the router negotiates this value with the server. If the server replies with a value that is different from the value you set, the router uses th e server’s value.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.8

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A-11

Configuring Differentiated Services

Parameter: Report Time Period

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: 360

Options: 1 to 65535 seconds

Function: Specifies the time period, in seconds, between the transmission of statistics

reports to the server. The statistics reports provide information for each flow filter.

Instructions: Enter a value for the transmission interval between reports. Note that the router

negotiates this value with the server. If the server replies wi th a value that is different from the value you set, the router uses the server’s value.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.9

Parameter: TCP KeepAlive Interval

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: 60

Options: 0 to 65535 seconds

Function: Specifies the time period, in seconds, between the transmission of keepalive

packets that the router sends across a TCP connection.

Instructions: Enter a value for the transmission interval between TCP keepalive packets.

Enter a value of 0 to disable this feature.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.10

A-12

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Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: TCP KeepAlive RTO

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: 60

Options: 0 to 65535 seconds

Function: Specifies the keepalive retransmit timeout (RTO) period, in seconds. This is the

interva l during whi ch the ro uter s ends unack no wledged keep ali ve pack ets. If the TCP KeepAlive Interval parameter is set to 0, the router ignores this timer.

If the TCP KeepAlive Interval Timer is set to a nonzero value and this parameter is set to 0, the router does not send keepalive packets. Either side of the connection can then end the session after the TCP KeepAlive Interval expires.

Instructions: Enter a value for the retransm it timeout peri od.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.11

Parameter: TCP KeepAlive Max Retry Cnt

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: 4

Options: 0 to 65535

Function: Specifies the number o f unackno wledged keepali v e packe ts retrans mitted bef ore

the TCP session is terminated. If this value is set to 0, the rout er only sends one keepali ve packet.

Instructions: Enter a number for the maximum number of unackno wled ged keepal i ve pa ckets

the router should send.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.12

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A-13

Configuring Differentiated Services

Parameter: Remote TCP Port

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers

Default: 3288

Options: 1 to 65535

Function: Specifies the remote TCP port of the COPS server.

Instructions: In most cases, accept the default TCP port, 3288. If the bandwidth broker

application operates on a port that is different from the default, specify a different port.

MIB Object ID: 1.3.6.1.4.1.18.3.5.25.1.2.1.13

A-14

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COPS Server Record Parameters

The COPS Server Record window (FigureA-6) contains the parameters that tell the router how to communicate with the COPS servers. With the exception of the IP Address parameter, described on page A-16 the same as those in the COPS Server List window (see Figure A-5

Site Manager Parameters

, the parameters in this window are

on page A-9).

See “COPS Server List Parameters descriptions.

” beginning on page A-9 for parameter

Figure A-6. COPS Server Record Window

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A-15

Configuring Differentiated Services

Parameter: IP Address

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > Global Protocols > COPS Client >

COPS Servers > Add

Default: None

Options: A valid IP address

Function: Identifies the COPS server.

Instructions: Enter the IP address of the COPS server.

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

Static Traffic Filter Parameters

When you click on the Traffic Filt button in the DiffServ Interface List window (see Figure A-1 opens. From this window, you can configure traffic filters.

on page A-2), the DiffServ Static Filters window (Figure A-7)

A-16

Figure A-7. DiffServ Static Filters Window

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Site Manager Parameters

When you click on Template in the DiffServ Static Filters window (FigureA-7), and then click on Create, the Create DiffServ Template window opens

(Figure A-8)

Figure A-8. Create DiffServ Template Window

From this window, you can configure filter criteria and actions. There are many cri te ri a y ou ca n add to a filt er. For more information abo ut filters,

see Configuring Traffic Filters and Protocol Prioritization.

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A-17

Configuring Differentiated Services

For the filter criteria, the URL string criterion is unique to differentiated services. For the filter criteria, you can add the following actions:

•Log

•Drop

• Accept

• Set DS Field

• Set DS Police

Note:

Log is the only action that you can combine with other actions. For

example, you cannot combine Drop and Set DS Field.

DS Field

If you add the action Set DS Field, the DS Field window opens (Figure A-9). The DS field specifies the marking of the DS field in the IP packet header. The range can be 00000000 to 11111111, which is 0 to 255 expressed in binary form.

A-18

Figure A-9. DS Field Window

RFC 2474 defines specific guidelines for configuring the DS field. Six bits of the DS field are used to select the per-hop behavior of a packet as it travels through each node. The last two bits of the field are currently unused. The value of these two bits are ignor ed b y differentiate d ser vices -comp liant nodes wh en deter mining the per-hop behavior to apply to a packet.

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DS Police Parameters

To configure static traffic filters that “police” the data flow, set the DS Police action for the filter and then configure the parameters in the DS Police window (Figure A-10

Site Manager Parameters

Figure A-10. DS Police Window

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A-19

Configuring Differentiated Services

Parameter: Token Bucket Rate (Kbps)

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > Dif fSe rv > Interfa ces > Traffic Filt >

Template > Create > Action > Add > DiffServ Set Police

Default: None

Options: Any integer

Function: Sets the rate at which the router accepts data. Specifying the data rate can

prevent the host from sending too much data to the router.

Instructions: Enter a value for the data rate.

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

Parameter: Token Bucket Size (Bits)

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > Dif fSe rv > Interfa ces > Traffic Filt >

Template > Create > Action > Add > DiffServ Set Police

Default: None

Options: Any integer

Function: Determines the burst size of dat a that the rout er acc epts. This pa ramete r enabl es

the router to guard against large bursts of data; it balances the flow of data.

Instructions: Enter a value for the bucket size.

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

Parameter: MIN Policed (Bytes)

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > Dif fSe rv > Interfa ces > Traffic Filt >

Template > Create > Action > Add > DiffServ Set Police

Default: 20

Options: Any integer

Function: Specifies the minimum packet size that the router allows for the network. If the

packet size is smaller than the value set for this parameter, the router uses this parameter value as the packet size. If the p acket size is larger than this parameter, the router uses the packet’s actual size.

Instructions: Enter a value for the minimum packet size that the router should police.

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

A-20

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Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: MAX Policed (Bytes)

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces > Traffic Filt >

Template > Create > Action > Add > DiffServ Set Police

Default: 0xffffffff

Options: 0 to 0xffffffff

Function: Specifies the maximum packet size that the router allows for the network. This

parameter lets the router prevent large packets from being admitted into the network.

Instructions: Enter a value for the maximum policed packet size. If the packet size is larger

than this value, the router considers the data beyond the flow filter profile. In this case, t he router refers to the Out of Profile Behavior and Out of Profil e Marking parameters to determine how to treat the packet.

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

Parameter: Inprofile Marking

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces > Traffic Filt >

Template > Create > Action > Add > DiffServ Set Police

Default: 00000000

Options: 00000000 to 11111111

Function: Specifies what the DS byte is set to i f the policing algorithm ac cepts the packet.

The value represents the type of service that the packet receives.

Instructions: Enter the value that the router should use to mark the packet.

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

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A-21

Configuring Differentiated Services

Parameter: Inprofile Behavior

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > Dif fSe rv > Interfa ces > Traffic Filt >

Template > Create > Action > Add > DiffServ Set Police

Default: Mark

Options: Mark

Function: Tells the router how to treat packets that are within the filter profile.

Instructions: If you want the packet to be marked according to the value in the Inprofile

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

Parameter: Out of Profile Marking

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces > Traffic Filt >

Default: 00000000

Options: 00000000 to 11111111

Function: If the packet size does not fit the filter profile, for example, the host is sending

Instructions: Enter the value that the router should use to mark the packet.

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

No Change

Marking parameter, accept the default, Mark. If not, select No Change.

Template > Create > Action > Add > DiffServ Set Police

more data than it should, this parameter tells the router how to mark the packet.

Parameter: Out of Profile Behavior

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces > Traffic Filt >

Template > Create > Action > Add > DiffServ Set Police

Default: No Change

Options: No Change

Function: Tells the router how to treat the packet if it does not fit the filter profile.

Instructions: If you want the packet to be marked according to the value in the Out of Profile

Marking parameter , selec t Mark. If you want the router to drop t he packet, se lect Drop. Otherwise, accept the default, No Change.

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

A-22

Mark | Drop

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HTTP Filter Parameter

You can filter packets based on URL strings. To do this, you need to specify the URL using the following parameters in the Add URL window (Figure A-11)

Figure A-11. Add URL Window

Site Manager Parameters

Parameter: URL

Path: Configuration Manager > Protocols > IP > DiffServ > Interfaces > Traffic Filt >

Template > Create > Criteria > Add > Add URL

Default: None

Options: A URL for an HTTP host, up to a maximum of 128 characters.

Function: Specifies the part icula r URL that the r out er sh ould us e as a filter criteri on. If th e

router receives a packet with this URL, the router filters the packet.

Instructions: Specify a URL for the filter, for example , www.website.com. You do not hav e t o

enter http:// before the URL; the router fills that in automatically.

MIB Object ID: Not applicable

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A-23

Appendix B

Configuration Examples

This chapter contains the following configuration examples:

Topic Page

A Differentiated Services Network Using Dynamic Filters B-1 A Differentiated Services Network Using Static Traffic Filters B-6

A Differentiated Services Ne twork Using Dynamic Filters

In this confi guration examp le, a local news station needs to download a video tape from the main news office’s video server. This video contains critical pictures for a news story, so the video data needs to be given priority over other data.

Figure B-1

shows the differentiated services network.

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B-1

Configuring Differentiated Services

ISP network

Bandwidth broker/ Policy server

192.32.46.7 3288

192.32.20.2

PCPC

192.32.46.8

4000

Video

server

All filters are installed on this interface

192.32.46.9

Trigger filter (F1) Flow filter (F2)

BLN

Figure B-1. Differentiated Services Network

TCP open

data

192.32.6.14

59862

Video

client

DFS0002A

B-2

Prior to any data being transmitted, the system administrator for the policy server needs to create a policy. This policy generates a trigger filter and a flow filter that the bandwidth broker installs on the BLN

Table B-1

on page B-3 shows the two filters installed on th e BLN router.

router.

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Configuration Examples

Table B-1. Filters on the BLN Router

Trigger Filter

Criteria

IP source address 192.32.46.8 192.32.46.8 IP destination address 192.32.6.0 -- 192.32.6.255 192.32.6.14 TCP source port 4000 4000 TCP destination port unspecified 59862 Police action trigger 2 MB/s Idle time N/A 2 minutes Mark N/A 01000000

(F1)

Flow Filter (F2)

The sequence of events in this network is as follows:

When the router activates, it connects to the bandwi dth bro ker. The bandwidth broker automatically installs the trigger filter (F1) on the router.

The remote video client establishes a TCP connection to the video server and requests the video data.

The video serv er be gi ns sendi ng the data t o th e cl ient. The f irs t packet that the server sends reaches the BLN router. The router matches the packet to the trigger filter criteria and then sends a trigger filter event message to the bandwidth broker. This event message includes the first packet sent by the video server.

Note:

sent by the video server are not marked; they are simply sent on a best-effort basis. However, these initial packets are often control packets and not actual data.

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After the bandwidth broker receives the trigger packet, it installs the flow filter (F2) on the BLN router.

The router looks at each packet that it receives and marks the video packets according to the configuration of the flow filter (F2).

Prior to the ro uter receiving the flow filter, some of the initial packets

When the core devi ces in the netw ork recei v e the ma rked pac kets, t hey l ook at the DS field, interpret the marked packet, and give the video data priority over other data, sending the data to the remote video client.

B-3

Configuring Differentiated Services

After all the data is sent, the BLN rou t er waits for 2 minutes, which in this example is the idle time, and then removes the flow filter. It then sends a message to the bandwidth broker indicating that the flow filter has been removed.

Configuring the Router

The router’s configuration for the differentiated services network in Figure B-1 is shown in the following sections.

These tables provide instructions on how to access the appropriate Site Manager windows and configure specific parameters. Only those parameters that you must change from the default value are listed. If a parameter is not included, it means that you can accept the default value.

Configure a Differentiated Services Interface

First, configure a differentiated services interface and enable COPS, as follows:

Site Manager Procedure

B-4

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window, click on an IP interface connector.

2. Accept the default circuit name or enter a new name, then click on OK.

3. Scroll through the list of protocols and choose

4. Enter parameter, then click on OK.

5. Set the

6. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Interface List

7. Click on

DiffServ

192.32.46.9

Config Type

Done

, then click on OK.

in the

IP Address

parameter to

. You return to the Configuration Manager

COPS

The Add Circuit window opens.

The Select Protocols window opens.

The IP Configuration window opens.

The DiffServ Interfac e List windo w opens . The interface is now enabled.

. Site Manager displays a message

informing you t hat the stati c filters will be deleted and asks if you want to continue.

window.

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Configuration Examples

Configure COPS

To enable COPS for the interface, complete the following tasks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the DiffServ Interface List window Click on

COPS Global

2. Set the

3. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Interface List

4. Click on

5. Click on

6. Set the COPS server’s

7. Click on OK. You return to the COPS Server List

8. Click on

9. Click on

Client IP Address

192.32.46.9

parameter to

corp1

COPS Servers Add

Done Done

parameter to

and the

Client ID

. The COPS Server Record window opens.

192.32.46.7

. You return to the DiffServ Interface List. . You return to the Configuration Manager

parameter

. The COPS Server List window opens.

IP Address

The Edit COPS Global Parameters window opens.

window.

window . Sit e Manager displa ys the C OPS server entry in the scroll list.

window.

The router can now operate as a differentiated services edge device, marking the video data packets for priority service through the network.

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B-5

Configuring Differentiated Services

A Differentiated Services Ne twork Using Static Traffic Filters

In this configuration example, a corporate enterprise network connects employes to corporate information, such as benefits forms. The employees need to download forms, which are HTTP pages, from a server. When a client requests a form, this request and data should receive a higher priority than other requests, so differentiated services is implemented.

In this network, instead of using filters configured on a policy server, filters are configured statically on the router.

To implement differentiated services in this network, you must configure two interfaces on t he route r. One interface sends data to the cli ents and the othe r se nds requests and control packets locally to the server. Two interfaces are needed because the router can implement only inbound filtering for differentiated services, which mean s t hat t he rout er f i l ters o nly pac k ets t hat i t rec ei ves, not those it sends.

192.32.40.8 80

HTTP forms server

Figure B-2

BLN 1 BLN 3

shows the differentiated services network.

Client

AN 2

192.32.9.7 Enterprise

TCP open

AN 4

Client

Figure B-2. Differentiated Services Network Using Static Filters

128.9.7.26 PC

data

Client

DFS0003A

B-6

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Configuring the Router

For the network in Figure B-2, you must configure a static traffic filter on the router.

The tables provide instructions on how to access the appropriate Site Manager windows and configure the specific filter parameters. Only those parameters that you must change from the de fault v alue are listed. I f a parameter is not i ncluded, it means that you can accept the default value.

The traffic filter that you need to configure uses the DS police action. After you configure the DS police action, the router will know how to mark packets for transmission through the network to the client.

Configure a Differentiated Services Interface

To configure a differentiated services interface on BLN 1, comp le te t h e fo ll owing tasks:

Configuration Examples

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the Configuration Manager window,

2. Accept the default circuit name or enter a

3. Scroll through the list of protocols and

4. Enter

5. Click on OK. You return to the DiffServ Interface List

6. Keep the DiffServ Interface List window

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click on an IP interface connector.

new name, then click on OK.

choose

parameter, then click on OK.

open and go to the next section.

DiffServ

192.32.9.7

, then click on OK.

in the

IP Address

The Add Circuit window opens.

The Select Protocols window opens.

The IP Configuration window opens.

The DiffServ Interfac e List windo w opens . The interface is now enabled.

window.

B-7

Configuring Differentiated Services

Configure a Static Filter

To configure a filter template that includes the DS police action, complete the following tasks:

You do this System responds

Site Manager Procedure

1. In the DiffServ Interface List window, select the interf ace y ou want to modify and click on

2. Click on

3. Click on

4. Enter

5. Choose

6. Choose

•

7. Choose

8. Choose

9. To filter using the DiffServ Police, choose

DiffServ Set Police

parameters:

• Token Bucket Rate (Kbps) = 5 MB/s

• Token Bucket Size (Bits) = 1600

• Inprofile Marking = 00100000

10. Click on

11. Click on

12. Click on

Traffic Filt

Template

Create

httpfilter

Criteria Add

IP Source Address

128.9.7.255

IP Destination Address: TCP frame TCP Source Port TCP Destination Port Add URL

URL: www.hradmin.com

Action Add

Save

OK.

Done

. The Filter Template Management win dow

. The Create DiffServ Template window

in the

Filter Name

. The Criteria window opens.

and add the f ollo w ing c riteria:

: 128.9.7.0 to

: unspecified

: 80

. The Action menu opens.

. The Add menu opens.

and set the following

. You return to the Create DiffServ

. You return to the DiffServ Static Filters

field.

192.32.40.8

The DiffServ Static Filters window opens.

opens.

Template window. You return to the Filter Template

Management window.

window.

B-8

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Configuration Examples

Apply the template you just created by completing the following t asks:

Site Manager Procedure

You do this System responds

1. In the DiffServ Static Filters window, click on

2. Enter

3. Select the diff e ren tiat ed s ervices interface

192.32.9.7

4. Select

5. Click on

6. Click on Configuration Manager window.

Create

corpforms

httpfilter

OK.

Done

in the

Filter Name

in the Interfaces list.

in the Templates list.

until you return to the

field.

The Create Filter window opens.

You return to the DiffServ Static Filters window. Site Manager displays the filter name and its interface in the scroll list.

Once the router marks the packet, this packet receives preferential treatment from the core devices in the network and sends them along to the client.

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B-9

acronyms, xvi

bandwidth broker

configura tio n example, B-1 description, 1-2 filter action requests, 1-4 filter IDs, 1-5 installing filters, 1-6

Common Open Policy Server. See COPS, 1-1 Config Type parameter, A-4 configuratio n examples, B-1 Connection Retry Count parameter, A-11 conventions, text, xiv COPS

adding servers, 3-6 connecting to a server, 3-8 connection with ba ndwidth broker, 1-4 deleting from the router, 3-12 deleting servers, 3-11 disabling, 3-12 disabling servers, 3-11 enabling, 2-4 global parameters, modifying, 3-7, A-7 server records

modifying, 3-8 parameters, A-15

customer support, xvii

Index

default configuration, starting, 2-1 deleting a COPS server, 3-11 deleting a differentiated services interface, 3-5 differentiated packets, marking for service, 1-6 differentiated services

configuration examples, B-1 description, 1-1 interfaces, adding, 3-2 interfaces, disabling, 3-4 method for installing filte rs, 1-1 network devices, 1-2 network planning, 2-1 starting a defa ult configuration, 2-1

DS field, des c r iption, 1-1

edge router, description, 1-3 Enable parameter (COPS), A-7, A-10 Enable parameter (global), A-6 Enable parameter (interface), A-3

filters

COPS, enabling, 2-4 criteria, URL, 2-7, 3-15 static

configuration example, B-6 customizing, 3-13 enabling, 2-5

types, 2-3

flow filter, definition, 1-2

Debug Log Mask parameter, A-3

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Index-1

HTTP filters, 1-8

Solo Slot Mask parameter, A-8 static filters, customizing, 3-13 support, Nortel Networks, xvii

Inprofile Behavior parameter, A-22 Inprofile Marking parameter, A-21 interface configuration, modifying, 3-3 interface parameters, A-2 interfaces, disabling, 3-4 IP Address parameter (COPS server), A-16 IP Address parameter (diffserv global), A-5

MAX Policed (bytes) parameter, A-21 MIN Policed (bytes) parameter, A-20

Out of Profile Behavior parameter, A-22 Out of Profile Marking parameter, A-22

packets, marking for services, 1-6 policy server, description, 1- 3 Priority parameter, A-10 product support, xvii publications, hard copy, xvi

TCP connection, configuring, 3-9 TCP KeepAlive Interval parameter, A-12 TCP KeepAlive Max Retry Cnt parameter, A-13 TCP KeepAlive RTO, A-13 TCP port, changing, 3-10 technical publications, xvi technical support, xvii text conventions, xiv Token Bucket Rate (Kbps) parameter, A-20 Token Bucket Size (Kbps) parameter, A-20 trigger filter, definitio n, 1-2

uniform resource locator (URL), using to mark

packets, 1-8 URL Idle Out Timer parameter, A-4 URL parameter, A-23

Remote TCP Port parameter, A-14 Report Time Period parameter, A-12

server manager, description, 1-3 servers, COPS, disabli ng, 3-11 Site Manager , star ting , 2-2

Index-2

308620-14.00 Rev 00

Avaya Differentiated User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Configuring Differentiated Services

Figures

Tables

Before You Begin

Preface

Text Conventions

Acronyms

Hard-Copy Technical Manuals

How to Get Help

Implementing Differentiated Services

Components of a Differentiated Services Network

Communicating with the Bandwidth Broker

Marking Packets for Specific Services

URL Filters

Planning for a Differentiated Services Network

Starting the Site Manager Configuration Tool

Preparing a Configuration File

Enabling Differentiated Servic es

Choosing A Filter Mechanism

Enabling COPS

Enabling Static Filters

Creating a Filter Template

Applying the Template to a Filter

Configuring Filters for HTTP Packets

What To Do Next

Adding a Differentiated Services Interface

Modifying a Differentiated Ser vices Interfac e

Disabling and Reena bling Differentiated Services Int erfaces

Disabling and Reenabling a Single Interface

Disabling and Reenabling All Interfaces

Deleting Differentiated Services Interfaces

Deleting a Single Interface

Deleting All Interfaces

Adding COPS Servers

Modifying COPS Global Parameters

Modifying the COPS Server Record

Prioritizing COPS Servers

Modifying the COPS Connection

Maintaining the TCP Connection to the Server

Changing the Remote TCP Port

Disabling and Reenabling a COPS Serve r

Deleting a COPS Server

Disabling and Reenabling COPS on the Router

Deleting COPS from the Router

Modifying Traffic Filters

DS Field and DS Police Traffic Filters

URL Filters

Interface List Parameters

Interface Record Parameter

Differentiated Services Global Parameter

COPS Global Parameters

COPS Server List Parameters

COPS Server Record Parameters

Static Traffic Filter Parameters

DS Field

DS Police Parameters

HTTP Filter Parameter

A Differentiated Services Ne twork Using Dynamic Filters

Configuring the Router

Configure a Differentiated Services Interface

Configure COPS

A Differentiated Services Ne twork Using Static Traffic Filters

Configuring the Router

Configure a Differentiated Services Interface

Configure a Static Filter

Index