Agilent Technologies U2761A User Manual
Agilent U2761A
USB Modular
Function/Arbitrary
Waveform Generator
User’s Guide
Agilent Technologies
Notices
© Agilent Technologies, Inc., 2008
No p art o f this manu al may be reprod uced in
any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation
into a foreign language) without prior agreement and written consent from Agilent
Technologies, Inc. as governed by United
States and international copyright laws.
Manual Part Number
U2761-90000
Edition
First Edition, April 30, 2008
Agilent Technologies, Inc.
3501 Stevens Creek Blvd.
Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA
Trademark Acknowledgements
Pentium is a U.S. registered trademark of
Intel Corporation.
Microsoft, Visual Studio, Windows, and MS
Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other
countries.
Warranty
The material contained in this document is provided “as is,” and is subject to being changed, without notice,
in future editions. Further, to t he maximum extent permitted by applicable
law, Agilent disclaims all warranties,
either express or implied, with regard
to this manual and any information
contained herein, including but not
limited to the implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent shall not be
liable for errors or for incidental or
consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, use, or performance of this document or of any
information contained herein. Should
Agilent and the user have a separate
written agreement with warranty
terms covering the material in this
document that conflict with these
terms, the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control.
Technology Licenses
The hardware and/or software described in
this document are furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license.
Restricted Rights Legend
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the federal government include only those
rights customarily provided to end user customers. Agilent provides this customary
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for the Department of Defense, DFARS
252.227-7015 (Technical Data - Commercial
Items) and DFARS 227.7202-3 (Rights in
Commercial Computer Software or Computer Software Documentation).
Safety Notices
CAUTION
A CAUTION notice denotes a haz-
ard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like
that, if not correctly performed or
adhered to, could result in damage
to the product or loss of important
data. Do not proceed beyond a
CAUTION notice until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and
met.
WARNING
A WARNING notice denotes a
hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, or
the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result
in personal injury or death. Do not
proceed beyond a WARNING
notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and
met.
II U2761A User’s Guide
Safety Symbols
Direct current (DC) Equipment protected throughout by
Alternating current (AC) Off (supply)
Both direct and alternating current On (supply)
Three-phase alternating current Caution, risk of electric shock
Earth (ground) terminal Caution, risk of danger (refer to this
The following symbols on the instrument and in the documentation
indicate precautions which must be taken to maintain safe operation of
the instrument.
double insulation or reinforced
insulation
manual for specific Warning or Caution
information)
Protective conductor terminal Caution, hot surface
Frame or chassis terminal Out position of a bi-stable push control
Equipotentiality In position of a bi-stable push control
U2761A User’s Guide III
General Safety Information
WARNING
CAUTION
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all
phases of operation of this instrument. Failure to comply with these
precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates
safety standards of design, manufacture and intended use of the
instrument. Agilent Technologies Inc. assumes no liability for the
customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
• Do not operate the product in an explosive atmosphere or in the
presence of flammable gases or fumes.
• Do not use the equipment if it does not operate properly. Have the
equipment inspected by qualified service personnel(s).
• Observe all markings on the instrument before connecting any wiring to
the instrument.
• Use the device with the cables provided.
• Repair or service that is not covered in this manual should only be
performed by qualified personnel(s).
IV U2761A User’s Guide
Environment Conditions
CAUTION
This instrument is designed for indoor use and in the area with low
condensation. The table below shows the general environmental
requirements for this instrument.
Environment conditions Requirements
Operating temperature 0 °C to 50 °C
Operating humidity 20 to 85% RH non-condensing
Storage temperature –20 °C to 70 °C
Storage humidity 5 to 90% RH non-condensing
The U2761A USB modular function/arbitrary waveform generator
complies with the following safety and EMC requirements.
• IEC 61010-1:2001/EN61010-1:2001 (2nd Edition)
• Canada: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-04
• USA: ANSI/UL 61010-1:2004
• IEC 61326-2002/EN 61326:1997+A1:1998+A2:2001+A3:2003
• Canada: ICES-001:2004
• Australia/New Zealand: AS/NZS CISPR11:2004
U2761A User’s Guide V
Regulatory Markings
The CE mark is a registered trademark
of the European Community.This CE
mark shows that the product complies
with all the relevant European Legal
Directives.
ICES/NMB-001 indicates that this
ISM device complies with Canadian
ICES-001.
Cet appareil ISM est confomre a la
norme NMB-001 du Canada.
The CSA mark is a registered
trademark of the Canadian Standards
Association.
The C-tick mark is a registered
trademark of the Spectrum
Management Agency of Australia.
This signifies compliance with
the Australia EMC Framework
regulations under the terms of the
Radio Communication Act of 1992.
This instrument complies with the
WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC)
marking requirement. This affixed
product label indicates that you must
not discard this electrical/electronic
product in domestic household waste.
VI U2761A User’s Guide
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive
2002/96/EC
This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking
requirement. This affixed product label indicates that you must not discard
this electrical/electronic product in domestic household waste.
Product Category:
With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1, this
instrument is classified as a “Monitoring and Control Instrument” product.
The affixed product label is shown as below:
Do not dispose in domestic household waste
To return this unwanted instrument, contact your nearest Agilent office, or
visit:
www.agilent.com/environment/product
for more information.
U2761A User’s Guide VII
Declaration of Conformity
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
According to EN ISO/IEC 17050-1:2004
Generic example
Manufacturer’s Name:
Agilent Technologies Microwave Products (M) Sdn. Bhd
Manufacturer’s Address:
Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone,
11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
Declares under sole responsibility that the product as originally delivered
Product Name:
Agilent USB Modular Function Generator
Models Number:
U2761A
Product Options:
This declaration covers all options of the above product(s)
complies with the essential requirements of the following applicable European Directives, and
carries the CE marking accordingly:
Low Voltage Directive (2006/95/EC)
EMC Directive (2004/108/EC)
and conforms with the following product standards:
EMC
Standard
StandardStandard
Standard Limit
LimitLimit
Limit
IEC 61326:2002 / EN 61326:1997+A1:1998+A2:2001+A3:2003
CISPR 11:1990 / EN55011:1990 Class A Group 1
IEC 61000-4-2:1995 / EN 61000-4-2:1995 4 kV CD, 8 kV AD
IEC 61000-4-3:1995 / EN 61000-4-3:1996 3 V/m, 80-1000 MHz
IEC 61000-4-4:1995 / EN 61000-4-4:1995 0.5 kV signal lines, 1 kV power lines
IEC 61000-4-5:1995 / EN 61000-4-5:1995 0.5 kV line-line, 1 kV line-ground
IEC 61000-4-6:1996 / EN 61000-4-6:1996 3 V, 0.15-80 MHz
IEC 61000-4-11:1994 / EN 61000-4-11:1994 1 cycle / 100%
Canada: ICES-001:2004
Australia/New Zealand: AS/NZS CISPR11:2004
The product was tested in a typical configuration with Agilent Technologies test systems.
Safety
IEC 61010-1:2001 / EN 61010-1:2001
Canada: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-04
USA: ANSI/UL 61010-1:2004
206349
This DoC applies to above-listed products placed on the EU market after:
08-Jan-2008
Date
Tay Eng Su
Quality Manager
For further information, please contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office, agent or distributor,
or Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Herrenberger Straße 130, 71034 Böblingen, Germany.
Template: A5971-5302-2, Rev. E U2761A DoC Revision 1.0
VIII U2761A User’s Guide
Product Regulations
Performance Criteria
IEC 61326-1:2002 / EN 61326-1:1997+A1:1998+A2:2001+A3:2003
CISPR 11:1990 / EN 55011:1990
– Group 1 Class A
IEC 61000-4-2:1995 / EN 61000-4-2:1995
(ESD 4kV CD, 8kV AD) A
IEC 61000-4-3:1995 / EN 61000-4-3:1996
(3V/m, 80% AM) A
IEC 61000-4-4:1995 / EN 61000-4-4:1995
(EFT 0.5kV line-line, 1kV line-earth) B
IEC 61000-4-5:1995 / EN 61000-4-5:1995
(Surge 0.5kV line-line, 1kV line-earth) A
IEC 61000-4-6:1996 / EN 61000-4-6:1996
(3V, 0.15~80 MHz, 80% AM, power line) A
IEC 61000-4-11:1994 / EN 61000-4-11:1994
(Dips 1 cycle, 100%) A
Canada: ICES-001:2004
Australia/New Zealand: AS/NZS CISPR11:2004
EMC
IEC 61010-1:2001 / EN 61010-1:2001
Canada: CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1-04
USA: ANSI/UL 61010-1:2004
Safety
Additional Information:
The product herewith complies with the essential requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC and the
EMC Directive 2004/108/EC and carries the CE Marking accordingly (European Union).
1
Performance Criteria:
A Pass - Normal ope ration, no effec t.
B Pass - Temporary degradation, self recoverable.
C Pass - Temporary degradation, operator intervention required.
D Fail - Not recoverable, component damage.
N/A – Not applicable
Notes:
Regulatory Information for Canada
ICES/NMB-001:2004
This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001.
Cet appareil ISM est confomre à la norme NMB-001 du Canada.
Regulatory Information for Australia/New Zealand
This ISM device complies with Australian/New Zealand AS/NZS CISPR11:2004
U2761A User’s Guide IX
In This Guide…
1 Getting Started
In this chapter, you prepare your system for installation and configuration
to get started with the U2761A.
2 Features and Functions
In this chapter, you will learn about the functions and features offered by
the U2761A.
3 Characteristics and Specifications
In this chapter, you will observe the product characteristics and
specifications.
X U2761A User’s Guide
Contents
List of Figures XV
List of Tables XVII
1 Getting Started 1
Introduction 2
Product at a Glance 3
Product Outlook 3
Product Dimensions 5
Dimensions Without Bumpers 5
Dimensions With Bumpers 6
Standard Purchase Items 7
Inspection and Maintenance 8
Initial Inspection 8
Electrical Check 8
General Maintenance 8
Installation and Configuration 9
Installation 9
A. Check Your System 10
B. Install the IO Libraries Suite 11
C. Install the Module Driver 12
D. Install the Agilent Measurement Manager 13
E. Connect the Module to Your PC 15
F. Verify Your Module Connection 19
G. Launch Your Agilent Measurement Manager 21
55-Pin Backplane Connector Pin Configuration 23
Chassis Installation 24
U2761A User's Guide XI
Contents
2 Features and Functions 25
Output Configuration 26
Introduction 26
Output Function 26
Output Frequency 29
Output Amplitude 31
Output Units 35
Output Termination 36
Duty Cycle (Square Waves) 38
Symmetry (Ramp Wave) 40
Output Control 41
Set Output Using SCPI Commands 42
Pulse Waveform 45
Pulse Period 45
Pulse Width 46
Pulse Duty Cycle 47
Generate Pulse Waveform Using SCPI Commands 48
Amplitude Modulation (AM) 49
To S e l ec t A M 49
Carrier Waveform 50
Carrier Frequency 51
Modulating Waveform 52
Modulating Waveform Frequency 53
Modulation Depth 53
Generate AM Using SCPI Commands 54
Frequency Modulation (FM) 55
To S e l ec t F M 55
Carrier Waveform 56
Carrier Frequency 57
Modulating Waveform 58
XII U2761A User's Guide
Modulating Waveform Frequency 59
Frequency Deviation 59
Generate FM Using SCPI Commands 60
Phase Modulation (PM) 61
To S e l ec t P M 61
Carrier Waveform 62
Carrier Frequency 63
Modulating Waveform 64
Modulating Waveform Frequency 64
Phase Deviation 65
Generate PM Using SCPI Commands 65
Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation 66
To S e l ec t F S K M od ul at i on 66
Carrier Waveform 67
FSK Carrier Frequency 68
FSK “Hop” Frequency 69
Generate FSK Modulation Using SCPI Commands 70
Contents
Phase-Shift Keying (PSK) Modulation 71
To Select PSK Modulation 71
Carrier Waveform 72
PSK Carrier Frequency 73
PSK Rate 74
PSK Deviation 74
Generate PSK Modulation Using SCPI Commands 75
Amplitude-Shift Keying (ASK) Modulation 76
To Select ASK Modulation 76
Carrier Waveform 77
Carrier Frequency 78
ASK Rate 79
Generate ASK Modulation Using SCPI Commands 79
Frequency Sweep 80
U2761A User's Guide XIII
Contents
To Select Sweep 80
Start Frequency and Stop Frequency 81
Sweep Mode 82
Sweep Time 82
Sweep Trigger Source 83
Set Frequency Sweep Using SCPI Commands 84
Tri gg er in g 85
Trigger Source Choices 85
Internal Triggering 86
Manual Triggering 86
External Triggering 87
Trigger Input Signal 88
Trigger Output Signal 88
Set Triggering Using SCPI Commands 90
Arbitrary Waveforms 91
To Create and Store an Arbitrary Waveform 91
3 Characteristics and Specifications 95
Product Characteristics 96
Product Specifications and Characteristics 97
Index 103
XIV U2761A User's Guide
List of Figures
Figure 1-1 55-pin backplane connector pin configuration 23
Figure 2-1 U2761A soft front panel 28
Figure 2-2 Top panel view of the U2761A 29
Figure 2-3 Panel view of the frequency section 30
Figure 2-4 Panel view of the amplitude section 32
Figure 2-5 Panel view of the DC offset section 34
Figure 2-6 Panel view of the Tools menu 37
Figure 2-7 Square wave duty cycles 38
Figure 2-8 Panel view of the duty cycle section 39
Figure 2-9 Ramp wave duty cycles 40
Figure 2-10 Panel view of the symmetry section 40
Figure 2-11 Panel view of the output section 41
Figure 2-12 Pulse waveform 45
Figure 2-13 Panel view of the pulse width section 46
Figure 2-14 AM waveform 49
Figure 2-15 Panel view of AM 50
Figure 2-16 Panel view of the Arbitrary waveform 51
Figure 2-17 FM waveform 55
Figure 2-18 Panel view of FM 56
Figure 2-19 PM waveform 61
Figure 2-20 Panel view of PM 62
Figure 2-21 FSK modulation waveform 66
Figure 2-22 Panel view of FSK 67
Figure 2-23 PSK modulation waveform 71
Figure 2-24 Panel view of PSK 72
Figure 2-25 ASK modulation waveform 76
Figure 2-26 Panel view of ASK 77
Figure 2-27 Frequency sweep 80
Figure 2-28 Panel view of sweep 81
Figure 2-29 Trigger input pulse 88
Figure 2-30 Trigger output pulse 88
Figure 2-31 Ramp waveform 91
U2761A User’s Guide XV
XVI U2761A User’s Guide
List of Tables
Ta b l e 1 - 1 Synchronous Simultaneous Interface (SSI) connector
pin description 23
Ta b l e 2 - 1 Output functions 26
Ta b l e 2 - 2 Output frequency range 29
Ta b l e 2 - 3 Carrier frequency for AM 51
Ta b l e 2 - 4 Carrier frequency for FM 57
Ta b l e 2 - 5 Carrier frequency for PM 63
Ta b l e 2 - 6 Carrier frequency for FSK 68
Ta b l e 2 - 7 “Hop” frequency 69
Ta b l e 2 - 8 Carrier frequency for PSK 73
Ta b l e 2 - 9 Carrier frequency for ASK 78
U2761A User’s Guide XVII
XVIII U2761A User’s Guide
Agilent U2761A USB Modular Function Generator
User’s Guide
1 Getting Started
Introduction 2
Product at a Glance 3
Product Dimensions 5
Standard Purchase Items 7
Inspection and Maintenance 8
Installation and Configuration 9
This chapter provides the introduction of the U2761A that
helps you get acquainted with the product and the product
outlook. This chapter also includes the installation and
configuration procedures that will help you get started with
the U2761A.
1Agilent Technologies
1Getting Started
Introduction
The U2761A is a 20 MHz USB modular function generator
with Arbitrary waveform and pulse generation capabilities. It
can operate as a standalone or modular unit when used
with the U2781A USB modular instrument chassis.
The U2761A adopts the latest direct digital synthesis (DDS)
technology that digitally creates Arbitrary waveforms and
frequencies from a single, fixed source frequency. DDS offers
the precision of digitally control logic; reducing the
complexity of the generator while increasing the stability.
Thus, creating a stable, accurate output signal for clean, low
distortion sine waves with fast rise and fall time up to
20 MHz and linear Ramp waves up to 200 kHz.
Various features of the U2761A
• 20 MHz Sine and Square waveforms
• Hi-Speed 2.0, USBTMC 488.2 standards
• Sine, Square, Ramp, Triangle, Pulse, and DC waveforms
• 14-bit, 50 MSa/s, 64 K-point Arbitrary waveforms
• AM, FM, PM, ASK, FSK, and PSK modulation types
• 40 mVpp to 5 Vpp amplitude range for 50 Ω load, and
80 mVpp to 10 Vpp amplitude range for open circuit
• Pulse generation
2 U2761A User’s Guide
Product at a Glance
Bumpers
Product Outlook
Getting Started 1
Top V ie w
U2761A User’s Guide 3
1Getting Started
USB indicator
Power indicator
10 MHz reference connector
Trigger in connector
Trigger out connector
Output connector
Fan Ventilation
Power inlet
USB inlet
Fastening hole for USB cable with locking mechanism
55-pin backplane connector
Front View
Rear View
4 U2761A User’s Guide
Product Dimensions
Top V ie w
105.00 mm
175.00 mm
18.00 mm
Front View
25.00 mm
Dimensions Without Bumpers
Getting Started 1
U2761A User’s Guide 5
1Getting Started
Top V ie w
117.00 mm
180.00 mm
15.00 mm
Front View
41.00 mm
Dimensions With Bumpers
6 U2761A User’s Guide
Standard Purchase Items
Verify the following items for the standard purchase of the
U2761A. If there are any missing or mechanically damaged
items, contact the nearest Agilent Sales Office.
✔ 12 V, 2 A AC/DC power adapter
✔ Power cord
✔ USB Standard-A to Mini-B interface cable
✔ L-Mount kit (used with modular instrument chassis)
✔ Agilent Automation Ready-CD (contains the IO Libraries
Suite)
✔ Agilent USB Modular Products Quick Start Guide
✔ Agilent USB Modular Products Reference CD-ROM
✔ Agilent Measurement Manager Quick Reference Card
✔ Certificate of Calibration
Getting Started 1
U2761A User’s Guide 7
1Getting Started
NOTE
Inspection and Maintenance
Initial Inspection
When you receive your U2761A, inspect the unit for any
obvious damage such as broken terminals or cracks, dents,
and scratches on the casing that may occur during shipment.
If any damage is found, notify the nearest Agilent Sales
Office immediately. The front of this manual contains the
warranty information.
Keep the original packaging in case the U2761A has to be
returned to Agilent in the future. If you return the U2761A
for service, attach a tag identifying the owner and model
number. Also include a brief description of the problem.
Electrical Check
The U2761A USB Modular Function/Arbitrary Waveform
Generator Service Guide will provide the complete
verification and calibration procedures. The procedures will
verify to a high level of confidence that the U2761A is
operating in accordance with its specifications.
General Maintenance
Any repair that is not covered in your modular product manuals should
only be performed by qualified personnel.
1 Power off your module and remove the power cord and
I/O cable from your device.
2 Remove your module from the bumper casing.
3 Shake off any dirt that may have accumulated on the
module.
4 Wipe your module with a dry cloth and install the
bumper back in place.
8 U2761A User’s Guide
Installation and Configuration
NOTE
A. Check Your System
B. Install the IO Libraries Suite
C. Install the Module Driver
D. Install the Agilent Measurement Manager
E. Connect the Module to Your PC
F. Verify Your Module Connection
G. Launch Your Agilent Measurement Manager
Installation
Follow the step-by-step instructions shown in the following
flowchart to get started with the preparations and
installations of your U2761A.
Getting Started 1
You need to install the IVI-COM driver if you are going to use the U2761A
with Agilent VEE Pro, LabVIEW, or Microsoft
®
Visual Studio®.
U2761A User’s Guide 9
1Getting Started
A. Check Your System
Prior to any installation or configuration, please ensure that
your PC meets the following minimum system requirements.
Processor 1.6 GHz Pentium® IV or higher
Operating system Windows® XP Professional or Home Edition
(Service Pack 1 or later), or Windows® 2000 Professional
(Service Pack 4 or later)
Browser Microsoft® Internet Explorer 5.01 or higher
Available RAM 512 MB or higher recommended
Hard-disk space 1 GB
Video Super VGA 800×600 (1024×768 recommended)
Prerequisites Agilent IO Libraries Suite 14.2 or higher
(version 15.0
version 2.1
2
patch
, Microsoft® .NET Framework version 1.1 and 2.0
1 Available on Agilent Automation-Ready CD.
1
recommended), Agilent T&M Toolkit Runtime
2
, Agilent T&M Toolkit Redistributable Package 2.1
2
2 Bundled with Agilent Measurement Manager application software installer.
10 U2761A User’s Guide
B. Install the IO Libraries Suite
NOTE
NOTE
The IO Libraries Suite 14.2 or higher is available on the
Agilent Automation-Ready CD that comes with the standard
purchase of the U2761A.
• If you do not have the Agilent Automation-Ready CD, obtain the IO
Libraries Suite 14.2 or higher at http://www.agilent.com/find/iolib.
• Disconnect any USB instruments or connectivity interface from your
PC.
1 Close all other applications on your PC, insert the Agilent
Automation-Ready CD into your CD-ROM drive, and follow
the instructions on your screen.
2 If the IO Libraries Suite installation does not start
automatically, go to Start > Run (on the Windows Start
menu) and type <drive>:\autorun\auto.exe where
<drive>
3 If you obtain the IO Libraries Suite from the web, save
the self-extracting zip file (*.exe) to any location on your
hard disk.
4 Double-click the installation file to launch the installation.
5 Follow the instructions on your screen to proceed with
the installation.
6 After the installation has completed, you will see the IO
Control icon on the Windows taskbar notification area as
shown below.
is your CD-ROM drive location.
Getting Started 1
For detailed installation instructions, refer to the Agilent IO Libraries Suite
Getting Started Guide at http://www.agilent.com/find/iolib.
U2761A User’s Guide 11
1Getting Started
NOTE
C. Install the Module Driver
Please ensure that there are no instruments connected to the PC when
installing the driver.
1 Verify that your PC meets the minimum system
requirements as stated in “A. Check Your System” on
page 10.
2 Insert the Product Reference CD-ROM into your CD-ROM
drive.
3 The installer will automatically launch the Agilent Modular
Products Installation Menu. Click Hardware Driver to begin the
installation.
4 If the menu does not launch automatically, go to Start >
Run (on the Windows Start menu) and type <drive>:\
Driver\Hardware\setup_Hw.exe where <drive>
your CD-ROM drive location. Click OK to begin the
installation.
5 Follow the instructions on the screen and click Next to
proceed.
12 U2761A User’s Guide
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