Page 1
B23/B24
1
User Manual
Page 2
2
Page 3
B23/B24
3
User Manual
Document ID: 2CMC485003M0201
Revision: C
2021-05-13
Page 4
Disclaimer
4
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should
not be construed as a commitment by ABB Spa. ABB Spa assumes no
responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.
In no event shall ABB Spa be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or
con-sequential damages of any nature or kind arising from the use of this
document, nor shall ABB Spa be liable for incidental or consequential damages
arising from use of any software or hardware described in this document.
Copyrights
Trademarks
Contact
This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written
permission from ABB Spa, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a
third party nor used for any unauthorized purpose.
The software or hardware described in this document is furnished under a license
and may be used, copied, or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such
license.
© Copyright 2021 ABB Spa. All rights reserved.
ABB Spa is a registered trademark of the ABB Group. All other brand or
product
names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective holders.
ABB Spa
via dell'Industria, 19
20009 - Vittuone - Milano
Italy
Tel: +39 02 2415 0000
Page 5
Table of Content
5
Table of Content
1 Product Overview ......................................................................................... 8
1.1 Meter Parts .................................................................................................................. 9
1.2 Meter Types ................................................................................................................. 11
2 Installation .................................................................................................. 14
2.1 Mounting the Meter ...................................................................................................... 15
2.2 Environmental Considerations ..................................................................................... 17
2.3 Installing the Meter ...................................................................................................... 18
2.3.1 Configuring the meter ........................................................................................ 19
2.4 Wiring Diagrams .......................................................................................................... 20
2.4.1 Direct connected meters .................................................................................... 20
2.4.2 Transformer connected meters .......................................................................... 21
2.4.3 Inputs/outputs .................................................................................................... 22
2.4.4 Communication .................................................................................................. 23
3 User Interface ............................................................................................. 24
3.1 Display ......................................................................................................................... 25
4 Meter Settings ............................................................................................ 29
4.1 Settings and Configurations ......................................................................................... 31
4.1.1 Setting Ratios .................................................................................................... 31
4.1.2 Setting Wires ..................................................................................................... 32
4.1.3 Setting Pulse Output .......................................................................................... 32
4.1.4 Setting I/O .......................................................................................................... 33
4.1.5 Setting Alarm ..................................................................................................... 33
4.1.6 Setting M–Bus ................................................................................................... 35
4.1.7 Setting RS485 .................................................................................................... 36
4.1.8 Setting IR Side ................................................................................................... 36
4.1.9 Setting Upgrade Consent .................................................................................. 39
4.1.10 Setting Pulse LED ............................................................................................ 39
4.1.11 Setting Tariff .................................................................................................... 39
4.1.12 Resetting Resettable Registers ....................................................................... 39
5 Technical Description ................................................................................ 42
5.1 Energy Values ............................................................................................................. 43
5.2 Instrumentation ............................................................................................................ 45
5.3 Alarm ........................................................................................................................... 47
5.4 Inputs and Outputs ...................................................................................................... 48
5.4.1 Tariff Inputs ........................................................................................................ 48
5.4.2 Pulse Outputs .................................................................................................... 49
5.4.2.1 Pulse Frequency and Pulse length ........................................................ 49
5.5 Logs ............................................................................................................................. 51
5.5.1 System Log ........................................................................................................ 51
5.5.2 Event Log ........................................................................................................... 52
5.5.3 Net Quality Log .................................................................................................. 53
5.5.4 Audit Log ............................................................................................................ 53
5.5.5 Settings Log ....................................................................................................... 54
5.5.6 Event codes ....................................................................................................... 54
6 Technical data ............................................................................................ 56
6.1 Technical Specifications .............................................................................................. 57
6.2 Physical dimensions .................................................................................................... 61
7 Measurement Methods .............................................................................. 64
Page 6
Table of Content
6
7.1 Measuring Energy ........................................................................................................ 65
7.1.1 Single Phase, 1-Element Metering .................................................................... 67
7.1.2 3-Phase, 2-Element Metering ............................................................................ 69
7.1.3 3-Phase, 3-Element Metering ............................................................................ 71
8 Service & Maintenance .............................................................................. 76
8.1 Service and Maintenance ............................................................................................ 77
9 Communication with Modbus ................................................................... 78
9.1 About the Modbus Protocol ......................................................................................... 79
9.1.1 Function Code 3 (Read holding registers) ......................................................... 79
9.1.2 Function Code 16 (Write multiple registers) ...................................................... 81
9.1.3 Function Code 6 (Write single register) ............................................................. 82
9.1.3.1 Exception Responses ............................................................................ 83
9.2 Reading and Writing to Registers ................................................................................ 84
9.3 Mapping Tables ........................................................................................................... 85
9.4 Event logs .................................................................................................................... 94
9.4.1 Reading Event logs ............................................................................................ 97
9.5 Configuration ............................................................................................................... 98
9.5.1 Alarms ................................................................................................................ 99
9.5.2 Inputs and outputs ........................................................................................... 101
9.5.3 Tariffs ............................................................................................................... 103
10 Communication with M-Bus .................................................................. 106
10.1 Protocol Description ................................................................................................. 107
10.1.1 Telegram Format ........................................................................................... 111
10.1.1.1 Field description ................................................................................ 111
10.1.2 Value Information Field codes ....................................................................... 117
10.1.2.1 Standard VIF codes ........................................................................... 117
10.1.2.2 Standard codes for VIFE used with extension indicator FDh ............ 117
10.1.2.3 Standard codes for VIFE ................................................................... 118
10.1.2.4 First manufacturer specific VIFE-codes ............................................. 118
10.1.2.5 VIFE-Codes for reports of record errors (meter to master) ............... 119
10.1.2.6 VIFE-Codes for object actions (master to meter) .............................. 119
10.1.2.7 2:nd manufacturer specific VIFE followed after VIFE 1111 1000 (F8 hex): 119
10.1.2.8 2:nd manufacturer specific VIFE followed after VIFE 1111 1001 (F9 hex): 119
10.1.3 Communication process ................................................................................ 120
10.1.3.1 Selection and secondary addressing ................................................. 121
10.2 Standard Readout of Meter Data ............................................................................. 123
10.2.1 Example of the 1st telegram (all values are hexadecimal) ............................ 123
10.2.2 Example of 2nd telegram (all values are hexadecimal) ................................. 126
10.2.3 Example of 3rd telegram (all values are hexadecimal) .................................. 131
10.2.4 Example of the 4th telegram (all values are hexadecimal) ............................ 135
10.2.5 Example of the 5th telegram (all values are hexadecimal) ............................ 139
10.2.6 Example of the 6th telegram (all values are hexadecimal) ............................ 142
10.2.7 Example of the 7th telegram (all values are hexadecimal) ............................ 146
10.3 Special Readout of Meter Data ................................................................................ 150
10.3.1 Readout of Event Log Data ........................................................................... 150
10.3.1.1 Example of readout of log data .......................................................... 152
10.4 Sending Data to the Meter ....................................................................................... 154
10.4.1 Set tariff ......................................................................................................... 154
10.4.2 Set primary address ....................................................................................... 155
10.4.3 Change baud rate .......................................................................................... 155
10.4.4 Reset power fail counter ................................................................................ 156
Page 7
Table of Content
7
10.4.5 Set Current transformer (CT) ratio - numerator ............................................. 156
10.4.6 Set current transformer (CT) ratio - denominator .......................................... 157
10.4.7 Select status information ............................................................................... 157
10.4.8 Reset of stored state for input 3 ..................................................................... 158
10.4.9 Reset of stored state for input 4 ..................................................................... 158
10.4.10 Reset of input counter 3 ............................................................................... 159
10.4.11 Reset of input counter 4 ............................................................................... 159
10.4.12 Set output 1 ................................................................................................. 160
10.4.13 Set output 2 ................................................................................................. 160
10.4.14 Send password ............................................................................................ 161
10.4.15 Set password ............................................................................................... 161
10.4.16 Reset logs .................................................................................................... 162
10.4.17 Reset resettable active energy import ......................................................... 162
10.4.18 Reset resettable active energy export ......................................................... 163
10.4.19 Reset resettable reactive energy import ...................................................... 163
10.4.20 Reset resettable reactive energy export ...................................................... 164
10.4.21 Set write access level .................................................................................. 164
10.4.22 Set tariff source ............................................................................................ 165
10.4.23 Set CO2 conversion factor ........................................................................... 165
10.4.24 Set currency conversion factor .................................................................... 166
Page 8
Chapter 1: Product Overview
8
Product Overview
Overview
In this chapter
This chapter describes the parts of the meter and the different meter types.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
1.1 Meter Parts .......................................................................................... 9
1.2 Meter Types ......................................................................................... 11
Page 9
Product Overview
9
1.1 Meter Parts
Illustration
The parts of the meter are shown in the illustration below:
2
1
14
13
12
11
1
3
4
5
6
14
Parts description
178
9
5110
The following table describes the parts of the meter:
Item Description Comments
1 Sealing points Seal thread is used to seal the me-
ter.
2 Terminal block Terminal for all voltages and cur-
rents
3 LED Flashes in proportion to the energy
measured
4 Product data Contains data about the meter type
5 Sealing points for sealable cover Seal thread is used to seal the
cover.
6 Set button Enter configuration mode
7 Display LCD for meter reading
Page 10
Product Overview
10
Item Description Comments
8 OK / Exit button Press to perform an action or to se-
lect a menu.
Press and hold to exit to the previous menu or to toggle between default and main menu.
9 Down / Up button Toggle down / up (toggle right / left
in the main menu): press for down,
press and hold for up.
10 Terminal for communication connection
11 Terminal for input/output connection
12 Optical communication interface For IR communication
13 Sealing label On both sides of the meter
14 Sealable terminal cover Protective cover with printed wiring
diagram on the inside.
Page 11
Product Overview
11
1.2 Meter Types
Main groups
Subgroups
The B23/B24 meters are divided into two main groups:
• Direct connected meters for currents ≤ 65A.
• Transformer connected meters for currents > 65A using external current
transformers with secondary current ≤ 6A and optional voltage
transformers.
The main meter groups are further divided into subgroups depending on the functionality of the respective meter:
Subgroup Functionality
Silver Class 0,5 S or Class 1, Tariffs, Fixed I/O, Resettable registers, Import/ex-
port of energy, Active energy, Reactive energy, Pulse output/alarm
Bronze Import/export of energy, Active energy, Reactive energy, Class 1, Pulse
output/alarm
Steel Active energy import, Class 1, Pulse output/alarm
Page 12
Product Overview
12
Product label
The meter type information that is reflected on the labels on the meter is shown
in the example picture below:
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
9
23
11
20
21
22
1
B23 312-100
12345678
2
Active energy cl. 1 and B
Reactive energy cl. 2
3
4
5
6
7
3x220/380...3x240/415
0,01-6(65) A
50 or 60 Hz
1000 imp/kWh
Prog imp kWh
-40°C to 85°C
2013-01
2CMA170531R1000
8
M13
0122
Product label
information
9
B23 312-100
10
12345678
The information on the product label is explained in the table below:
Item Description
1 Import/export of energy
2 3–element metering
3 2–element metering
4 1–element metering
5LED
6 Pulse output
7 Protection class II
8 Declaration of product safety
9 Type designation
10 Serial number
11 Accuracy active energy
Page 13
Product Overview
13
Item Description
12 Accuracy reactive energy
13 Voltage
14 Current
15 Frequency
16 LED pulse frequency
17 Pulse frequency
18 Temperature range
19 Date of manufacture (year and week)
20 ABB ID
21 Notified body
22 MID and year of verification
23 Caution, refer to accompanying documents
Page 14
Chapter 2: Installation
14
Installation
Overview
In this chapter
This chapter describes how to mount the B23/B24 meters and how to connect
them to an electricity network. The chapter also contains information about how
to perform a basic configuration of the meter.
Information about how to connect I/O and communication options is also included in this chapter.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
2.1 Mounting the Meter .............................................................................. 15
2.2 Environmental Considerations ............................................................. 17
2.3 Installing the Meter .............................................................................. 18
2.3.1 Configuring the meter ................................................................ 19
2.4 Wiring Diagrams .................................................................................. 20
2.4.1 Direct connected meters ............................................................ 20
2.4.2 Transformer connected meters .................................................. 21
2.4.3 Inputs/outputs ............................................................................ 22
2.4.4 Communication .......................................................................... 23
Page 15
Installation
15
2.1 Mounting the Meter
General
DIN–rail mounted
DIN–rail
This section describes different ways to mount the B23/B24 meters. For some
methods of mounting additional accessories are needed. For further information
about accessories, refer to the Main Catalog (2CMC480001C0201).
The B23/B24 meters are intended to be mounted on a DIN–rail (DIN 50022). If
this method of mounting is used, then no extra accessories are needed and the
meter is fastened by snapping the DIN–rail lock onto the rail.
The following picture shows a DIN–rail.
Wall mounted
The recommended way to mount the meter on a wall is to mount a separate DIN–
rail on the wall and then mount the meter on the rail.
Page 16
Installation
16
Flush mounted
Flush–mount kit
To flush–mount the meter a flush–mount kit should be used.
The following picture shows a flush–mount kit.
Page 17
Installation
17
2.2 Environmental Considerations
Ingress protection
To comply with the protection requirements the product must be mounted in protection class IP 51 enclosures, or better, according to IEC 60259.
Mechanical environment
In accordance with the Measuring Directive (2014/32/UE), the product complies
with M1, which means that it can be operated in “...locations with vibration and
shocks of low significance, e.g. for instruments fastened to light supporting structures subject to negligible vibrations and shocks transmitted from local blasting
or pile–driving activities, slamming doors, etc.”
Electromagnetic environment
Climatic environment
In accordance with the Measuring Directive (2014/32/UE), the product complies
with E2, which means that it can be operated “...in locations with electro magnetic
disturbances corresponding to those likely to be found in other industrial buildings.”
In order to work properly the product should not be operated outside the specified
temperature range of –40°C – +70°C.
In order to work properly the product should not be exposed to humidity exceeding the specified 75% yearly average, 95% on 30 days/year.
Page 18
2.3 Installing the Meter
18
Warning – Electrical equipment should only be installed, accessed, serviced and
E
E
E
maintained by qualified electrical personnel.
Working with high voltage is potentially lethal. Persons subjected to high voltage may
suffer cardiac arrest, burn injuries, or other severe injuries. To avoid such injuries,
make sure to disconnect the power supply before you start the installation.
Warning – For safety reasons it is recommended that the equipment is installed in a
way that makes it impossible to reach or touch the terminal blocks by accident.
The best way to make a safe installation is to install the unit in an enclosure. Further,
access to the equipment should be limited through use of lock and key, controlled by
qualified electrical personnel.
Warning – The meters must always be protected by fuses on the incoming side.
In order to allow for maintenance of transformer rated meters, it is recommended that
there should be a short circuiting device installed near the meter.
Installation
Utilization category
IEC 62052-31
Install the meter
B23: Utilization Category UC2
B24: Utilization Category UC1
Follow the steps in the table below to install and verify the installation of the
meter:
Step Action
1 Turn off the mains power.
2 Place the meter on the DIN–rail and make sure it snaps onto it.
3 Strip the cable insulation to the length that is indicated on the meter.
4 Connect the cables according to the wiring diagram that is printed on the meter
and tighten the screws (3.0 Nm for direct connected meters and 1.5 Nm for
transformer connected meters).
5 Install the circuit protection. See table 2:1 below for the correct fuse.
6 If inputs/outputs are used, then connect the cables according to the wiring dia-
gram that is printed on the meter and tighten the screws (0.25 Nm). Then connect to an external power supply (max 240V).
7 If communication is used, then connect the cables according to the wiring dia-
gram that is printed on the meter and tighten the screws (0.25 Nm).
Verify the installation
8 Check that the meter is connected to the specified voltage and that voltage
phase connections and the neutral (if used) are connected to the correct terminals.
9 For a transformer connected meter, check that the current direction of the pri-
mary and secondary current of the external transformers is correct. Also check
that the transformers are connected to the correct meter terminals.
Page 19
Installation
19
Step Action
10 Turn on the power. If a warning symbol is displayed, then refer to the error
codes in Troubleshooting.
11 Under the menu item “Instantaneous Values” on the meter, check that the volt-
ages, currents, power and power factors are reasonable and that the power direction is what to be expected (the total power should be positive for a load that
consumes energy). When doing the check the meter should be connected to
the intended load, preferably a load with a current above zero on all phases to
make the check as complete as possible.
Circuit protection
Use the information in this table to select the correct fuse for the circuit protection.
Table: 2:1
Meter type Max circuit protection
Direct connected 65 A MCB, C characteristic or 65 A fuse type gL–gG
Transformer connected 10 A MCB, B characteristic or Diazes, fast.
2.3.1 Configuring the meter
Default settings
Default settings
For information about how to change the default settings of the meter, refer to the
chapter called Meter Settings.
The following table lists the default settings of the meter that normally need to be
changed. Check the settings of the meter to see if they need to be reconfigured.
Parameter Direct connected meters Transformer connected meters
Ratios CT ––– 1
Number of wires 4 4
Pulse frequency 10 10
Pulse length 100 ms 100 ms
Page 20
2.4 Wiring Diagrams
11
1
3
4
6
7
9
L1
L2
N
L3
11
1
3
4
6
79
L1
L2
L3
20
Installation
General
This section describes how to connect the different types of meters to an electricity network. The terminal numbers in the wiring diagrams listed below correspond to the marking on the terminal block of the meter.
2.4.1 Direct connected meters
4–wire
connection
The following diagram shows a 4–wire connection of a direct connected 3–phase
meter:
3–wire
connection
The following diagram shows a 3–wire connection of a direct connected 3–phase
meter:
Page 21
Installation
1
3
4
6
79
L
N
11
11
1
3
4
6
7
9
L1
L2
N
L3
2
5
8
S1 S2
P1
P2
P1
P1
P1
1
3
4
6
79
L1
L2
L3
2
5
8
S1 S2
P1
P2
P1
P1
11
21
2–wire
connection
The following diagram shows a 2–wire connection of a direct connected 3–phase
meter:
2.4.2 Transformer connected meters
4–wire
connection
The following diagram shows a 4–wire connection of a transformer connected 3–
phase meter:
3–wire
connection
The following diagram shows a 3–wire connection of a transformer connected 3–
phase meter:
Page 22
Installation
1
3
4
6
79
L
N
2
5
8
S1 S2
P1
P2
P1
11
22
2–wire
connection
The following diagram shows a 2–wire connection of a transformer connected 3–
phase meter:
2.4.3 Inputs/outputs
2 outputs, 2
inputs
Page 23
Installation
RS-485
3637
35
A
BC
M-Bus
3637
23
1 output
2.4.4 Communication
RS485
M–Bus
Page 24
Chapter 3: User Interface
24
User Interface
Overview
In this chapter
This chapter describes the different display views and the menu structure.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
3.1 Display ................................................................................................. 25
Page 25
User Interface
8888888
123
T3T1T4
T2
MkVVArh
25
3.1 Display
General
Default menu
Energy values
The display contains two main views: the Default menu and the Main menu. Use
the button
are displayed in the upper part of the display. These icons are explained in
table 3:1 below. In the same manner the bottom part of the display has an explanatory text to describe what is shown or highlighted at the moment.
The following image shows an example of the layout of the Default menu:
The following table explains the content of the 20 available pages in the Default
menu:
F to toggle between the views. In both views a number status icons
Page Unit Symbol on display Explaining text
1/20 kWh ACT.NRG.IMP.TOTT
arrow right
2/20 kWh ACT.NRG.EXP.TOT
arrow left
3/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.IMP.TOT
arrow right
4/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.EXP.TOT
arrow left
5/20 kWh ACT.NRG.IMP.TAR1
T1 blinks, arrow right
6/20 kWh ACT.NRG.IMP.TAR2
T2 blinks, arrow right
7/20 kWh ACT.NRG.IMP.TAR3
T3 blinks, arrow right
Measures the total
imported active energy.
Measures the total
exported active energy.
Measures the total
imported reactive energy.
Measures the total
exported reactive energy.
Measures the imported active energy
for tariff 1
Measures the imported active energy
for tariff 2
Measures the imported active energy
for tariff 3
Page 26
User Interface
26
Page Unit Symbol on display Explaining text
8/20 kWh ACT.NRG.IMP.TAR4
T4 blinks, arrow right
9/20 kWh ACT.NRG.EXP.TAR1
T1 blinks, arrow left
10/20 kWh ACT.NRG.EXP.TAR2
T2 blinks, arrow left
11/20 kWh ACT.NRG.EXP.TAR3
T3 blinks, arrow left
12/20 kWh ACT.NRG.EXP.TAR4
T4 blinks, arrow left
13/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.IMP.TAR1
T1 blinks, arrow right
14/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.IMP.TAR2
T2 blinks, arrow right
15/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.IMP.TAR3
T3 blinks, arrow right
16/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.IMP.TAR4
T4 blinks, arrow right
17/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.EXP.TAR1
T1 blinks, arrow left
18/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.EXP.TAR2
T2 blinks, arrow left
19/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.EXP.TAR3
T3 blinks, arrow left
20/20 kvarh REACT.NRG.EXP.TAR4
T4 blinks, arrow left
Measures the imported active energy
for tariff 4
Measures the exported active energy
for tariff 1
Measures the exported active energy
for tariff 2
Measures the exported active energy
for tariff 3
Measures the exported active energy
for tariff 4
Measures the imported reactive energy for tariff 1
Measures the imported reactive energy for tariff 2
Measures the imported reactive energy for tariff 3
Measures the imported reactive energy for tariff 4
Measures the exported reactive energy for tariff 1
Measures the exported reactive energy for tariff 2
Measures the exported reactive energy for tariff 3
Measures the exported reactive energy for tariff 4
Status Icons
The status icons that can be seen on the display are explained in the following
table.
Table: 3:1
Icon Indication
Communication is in progress. The meter is either sending or receiving information.
Page 27
User Interface
27
Main menu
Icon Indication
Metering in progress. Clockwise rotation indicates import.
Counter clockwise rotation indicates export.
Arrows indicate direction of current per phase. Arrow left =
export, arrow right = import. A digit without arrow indicates
that only voltage is connected to the phase.
Active tariff.
Error, warning, note
Transformer ratio (only on transformer rated meters)
Main menu text
Main menu
structure
Depending on the meter type all or a subset of the following text strings may be
available in the display:
Text Explanation
Energy registers
Instantaneous values
I/O
Status
Settings
Previous menu
The following table describes the main menu structure and its content:
Active Energy Import
L1–L3
Active Energy Export
L1–L3
Active Energy Net
L1–L3
Reactive Energy Import L1–L3
Reactive Energy Export L1–L3
Reactive Energy Net
L1–L3
Apparent Energy Export L1–L3
Active Power I/O 1 System Log Clock
Reactive Power I/O 2 Event Log Ratios
Apparent Power I/O 3 Net Quality
Log
Phase Voltage I/O 4 System Sta-
tus
Main Voltage Audit Log I/O
Current Settings Log Alarm
Power Factor RS 485
Wires
Pulse Output
Page 28
User Interface
28
Apparent Energy Net
L1–L3
Active Energy Import
Ta ri ff
Active Energy Export
Ta ri ff
Reactive Energy Import Tariff
Reactive Energy Export Tariff
Resettable Reactive
Energy Export Total
Phase Angle
Power
Phase Angle Voltage
Phase Angle Current
Current Quadrant
IR Side
Upgrade Consent
Pulse LED
Tariff
Resettable registers
Page 29
Chapter 4: Meter Settings
30
Meter Settings
Overview
In this chapter
This chapter gives an overview of the meter settings and configuration options.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
4.1 Settings and Configurations ................................................................ 31
4.1.1 Setting Ratios ............................................................................. 31
4.1.2 Setting Wires .............................................................................. 32
4.1.3 Setting Pulse Output .................................................................. 32
4.1.4 Setting I/O .................................................................................. 33
4.1.5 Setting Alarm ............................................................................. 33
4.1.6 Setting M–Bus ............................................................................ 35
4.1.7 Setting RS485 ............................................................................ 36
4.1.8 Setting IR Side ........................................................................... 36
4.1.9 Setting Upgrade Consent ........................................................... 39
4.1.10Setting Pulse LED ..................................................................... 39
4.1.11Setting Tariff .............................................................................. 39
4.1.12Resetting Resettable Registers ................................................. 39
Page 30
Meter Settings
31
4.1 Settings and Configurations
Configurable
functions
Setting a value
Depending on the meter type, all or a subset of the following functions can be
configured:
• Ratios
•Wires
• Pulse output (Pul.Out.) on display
•I/O
•Alarm
•M–Bus
•RS485
•IR Side
• Wireless (W–less on display)
• Upgrade Consent (Upgr.Cons) on display
• Pulse LED (Puls.LED) on display
•Tariff
• Resettable registers (Rst.Rg on display)
When setting a value, the
G button is used to change the options that can be set, such as on or off. The
The
S button is pressed and held to activate the set–option.
F button is used to toggle between digits. The option/digit that is active for set-
ting is blinking, and stops blink when the option is selected by pressing the
button.
F
4.1.1 Setting Ratios
To set the ratios, perform the following steps:
1. Hold the
2. Select , press
3. To change the ratio, press and hold
4. Press
F button for two seconds. Select , press F.
F.
S.
F for two seconds. Press G once. The display will show the quantity
Voltage ( on the display) and the ratio. To change the ratio, press and
S.
hold
4 static I/Os 1 static I/O
Transformer Current
(Ct on the display)
Transformer Voltage
(Vt on the display)
1–9999/1–9
1–999999/1–999
Page 31
4.1.2 Setting Wires
32
The meter can either use three wires TPE or four wires TPE+N. To set the number
of wires, perform the following steps:
1. Select in the main menu, press
2. Select , press
3. The display will now show the wire configuration used by the meter.
4. Set the number of wires.
4.1.3 Setting Pulse Output
To set the pulse output, perform the following steps:
1. Select in the main menu, press
2. Select “Pulse out” ( on the display), press
3. Select one of the pulse outputs, press
The display will show .
4. Press
F to set the energy type for the selected pulse output.
The display will show what type of energy is measured on the selected
pulse output. Depending on meter type, the available choices are:
Meter Settings
F.
F.
F.
F.
F.
Active energy imported kWh
Active energy exported kWh
Reactive energy imported kvarh
Reactive energy exported kvarh
Inactive –
Use SET to set the energy type. Press and hold OK to step back.
5. Press
6. Press G once and OK to get to the next menu (). The display will
7. Press
G once and OK to get to the next menu (). Display will show
the frequency. The interval that can be set is 0–999999 imp/kWh or 0–
999999 imp/MWh. The frequency is set one digit at the time. The digit
active for setting is blinking. Use
change digit, use the arrow key. Press and hold OK to step back.
show the pulse length in milliseconds. The interval for the pulse length is
from 10 to 990 ms. The pulse is set in the same way as the frequency. Press
and hold OK to step back.
G once and OK to get to the next menu (). The display will
show the setting for the selected pulse output. Depending on the meter
type, the available choices are:
Energy type Unit
G to decrease/increase the digit. To
Page 32
Meter Settings
33
4 static I/Os 1 static I/O
Off Off
Out 1 Out 1
Out 2 –
Make the output setting. Press and hold OK twice to step back to the
pulse selection menu.
Note – The option is set to “no ouput” when pressing the
N
8. The first pulse output is now fully configured. Depending on the meter
4.1.4 Setting I/O
To set the I/O, perform the following steps:
1. Select in the main menu, press F.
2. Select , press
3. The display will now show . To change I/O, use
• Alarm out ()
• Communication out ()
• Pulse out ()
• Tariff out ()
•Always on ()
•Always off ()
4.1.5 Setting Alarm
F button.
type, up to four pulse outputs can be set. If your meter supports multiple
pulse outputs, then use G to toggle down to the remaining pulse outputs
and set them the same way as the first selected pulse output.
F.
G. To set an I/O,
press the
S button. Different choices can be made for the I/O:
To set the alarm, perform the following steps:
1. Select in the main menu, press
2. Select , press
3. The display will show what quantity will be measured (). Depending
on the meter type, different quantities are available. See table 4:1 and
F.
F.
Page 33
Meter Settings
34
table 4:2 for available quantities and interval/units for the different
quantities. Set the desired quantity.
4. Press
G once to get to the next menu. The display will show what level the
alarm will trigger on (). Set the alarm level.
5. Press G once to get to the next menu. The display will show the time that
the measured value has to be higher than the limit set in the previous step
in order for the alarm to trigger (). Set the time limit.
6. Press
G once to get to the next menu.The display will show what level the
alarm will cease on (). Set the alarm level.
7. Press
G once to get to the next menu. The display will show the time that
the measured value has to be lower than the limit set in the previous step in
order for the alarm to cease (). Set the time limit.
8. Press
G once to get to the next menu.The display will show if the alarm
will be logged or not (). The available values are “on” and “off”. Set
logging to on or off.
9. Press
G once to get to the next menu. The display will show what output
the alarm is set on (or if no output is set; ). The available choices
are dependent on meter type, see table 4:3.
10.The first alarm is now fully configured. Depending on the meter type, up
to four alarms can be set. If your meter supports multiple alarms, then use
G to set the remaining alarms the same way as the first alarm was
configured.
Table: 4:1
1–phase meter Interval/Unit
Inactive –
Current L1 0.01–99.99 A/kA
Voltage L1 0.1–999.9 V/kV
Active power total 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Reactive power total 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Apparent power total 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Power factor total 0.000–0.999
Table: 4:2
3–phase meter Interval/Unit
Inactive –
Active power total 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Reactive Power Total 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Apparent Power Total 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Power factor total 0.000–0.999
Current L1 0.01–99.99 A/kA
Current L2 0.01–99.99 A/kA
Current L3 0.01–99.99 A/kA
Current N 0.01–99.99 A/kA
Voltage L1 0.1–999.9 V/kV
Page 34
Meter Settings
35
3–phase meter Interval/Unit
Voltage L2 0.1–999.9 V/kV
Voltage L3 0.1–999.9 V/kV
Voltage L1–L2 0.1–999.9 V/kV
Voltage L2–L3 0.1–999.9 V/kV
Voltage L1–L3 0.1–999.9 V/kV
Active power L1 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Active power L2 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Active power L3 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Reactive power L1 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Reactive power L2 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Reactive power L3 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Apparent power L1 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Apparent power L2 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Apparent power L3 0–9999 W/kW/MW
Power factor L1 0.000–0.999
Power factor L2 0.000–0.999
Power factor L3 0.000–0.999
Table: 4:3
4.1.6 Setting M–Bus
To set the wired M–Bus interface, perform the following steps:
1. Select in the main menu, press
2. Select , press
3. Press
4. Press G once to get to the next menu (). The display will show the
5. Press
6. Press G once to get to the next menu (). The display will show the
7. Press
4 static I/Os 1 static I/O
No output No output
Out 1 Out 1
Out 2
F.
F.
G once to get to the next menu (). The display will show the
baudrate. See Tab le 4: 4 for baudrate options. Set baudrate.
address. See Ta bl e 4: 4 for address range. Set address.
G once to get to the next menu (). The display will show the
access level. See Ta bl e 4 :4 for options. Set the access level.
Send status info. See Tab le 4: 4 for options. Set the send info status.
G once to get to the next menu (). The display will show if
the password is to be reset. See Tab le 4: 4 for options. Set the option.
Page 35
4.1.7 Setting RS485
36
The RS485 uses the EQ–Bus and the Modbus protocol to communicate. To set the
RS485 communication depending on protocol, perform the following steps:
Meter Settings
Step EQ–Bus Modbus
1Select in the main menu, press
2Select , press F.Select , press F.
3Select , press F to see the se-
lected protocol.
4 If required, then use S and F to set the
protocol to EQ–Bus (). The display will go back to the default menu.
Go to >> .
If not required, then press and hold OK
to step back to the previous menu.
5 Press
6 Press
7 Press
8 Press G once to get to the next menu.
9 Press
G once to get to the next menu.
The display will show the baudrate
(). See table Table 4:4 for bau-
drate options. Set baudrate.
G once to get to the next menu.
The display will show the address (
). See Table 4:4 for address range.
Set address.
G once to get to the next menu.
The display will show the Oct.TO (
).See Table 4:4 for options.Set oct.TO.
The display will show the Inac. TO
(). See Table 4:4 for options.
Set Inac. TO.
G once to get to the next menu.
The display will show if the password
is to be reset (). See Table 4:4
for options. Set the option.
F.Select in the main menu,
F.
press
Select , press F to see
the selected protocol. Press and
hold OK to step back to the
previous menu.
If required, then use S and F to
set the protocol to Modbus (
). The display will go back to
the default menu. Go to >>
.
If not required, then press and
hold OK to step back to the
previous menu.
G once to get to the next
Press
menu. The display will show the
baudrate (). See Table 4:4 for
baudrate options. Set baudrate.
G once to get to the next
Press
menu. The display will show the
address (). See Table 4:4
for address range. Set address.
Press G once to get to the next
menu. The display will show the
Parity (). See Table 4:4 for
options. Set Parity.
4.1.8 Setting IR Side
The IR Side uses the M–Bus and the EQ–Busi protocol to communicate. To set
the IR Side communication depending on protocol, perform the following steps:
Step M–Bus EQ–Bus
1 Select in the main menu, press
2 Select , press
F.
press
F.
F. Select ,
Select in the main menu, press
Select , press
press
F.
F. Select ,
F.
Page 36
Meter Settings
37
Step M–Bus EQ–Bus
3 If required, then press S and set the
protocol to M–Bus (). The display
will go back to the default menu. Go to
>> .
If not required, then press and hold F
to step back to the previous menu.
4 Press
5 Press G once to get to the next menu
6 Press
7 Press
G once to get to the next menu
(). The display will show the baudrate. See Table 4:4 for baudrate op-
tions. Set baudrate.
(). The display will show the
address. See Tab l e 4 : 4 for address
range. Set address.
G once to get to the next menu
(). The display will show the access level. See Table 4:4 for options.
Set the access level.
G once to get to the next menu
(). The display will show the
Send status info. See Tab l e 4 : 4 for options. Set the send info status.
G once to get to the next menu
Press
(). The display will show if the
password is to be reset. See Tab l e 4 : 4
for options. Set the option.
G once to get to the next menu
Press
(). The display will show the
upgrade mode. See Tab l e 4 : 4 for options. Set the upgrade mode.
If required, then press
protocol to EQ–Bus (). The display will go back to the default menu.
Go to >> .
If not required, then press and hold F to
step back to the previous menu.
Press G once to get to the next menu
(). The display will show the baudrate. See Tab l e 4 : 4 for baudrate options. Set baudrate.
G once to get to the next menu
Press
(). The display will show the address. See Tabl e 4: 4 for address range.
Set address.
Press G once to get to the next menu
(). The display will show the Oct.
TO. See Tab le 4 : 4 for options. Set Oct.
TO.
G once to get to the next menu
Press
(). The display will show the
Inac. TO. See Tabl e 4: 4 for options. Set
Inac. TO.
G once to get to the next menu
Press
(). The display will show password reset option. Set if the password
shall be reset or not.
S and set the
i. EQ–Bus is a communication protocol designed for internal communication with ABB meters.
The protocol is based on the following IEC standards; 62056–42, 62056–46, 62056–53, 62056–
61, 62056–62.
Page 37
Meter Settings
38
Protocol details
Protocol Access
level
EQ–Bus
(when
used
through
RS485
Modbus
(when
used
through
RS485
M–Bus
(when
used
through
IR–Side
EQ–Bus
(when
used
through
IR–Side)
– – – Yes, No – 1200,
–––– None,
Open,
Password,
Closed
– – – Yes, No – 1200,
The following table shows the intervals and options for the different protocols:
Table: 4:4
Upgrade
mode
Active,
Not Active
Send
Status
Info
Always,
Never,
When
not OK
Reset
password
Yes, No – 2400,
Parity Baudrate Address Inter
2400,
4800,
9600,
19200,
38400,
57600,
115200,
125000,
230400,
250000,
460800
1200,
Odd,
Even
2400,
4800,
9600,
19200,
38400,
57600,
115200
4800,
9600
2400,
4800,
9600,
19200,
38400,
57600,
115200,
125000,
230400
Inactivity
octet
timeout
(ms)
16–16381 20–6000 0–2000
1–247 – –
1–250 – –
timeout
(ms)
Page 38
Meter Settings
39
4.1.9 Setting Upgrade Consent
Upgrade Consent can be set to Allowed or Not Allowed. Setting it to Allowed
means you agree to updates of the meter. Setting it to Not Allowed means no
upgrades will take place.
To set Upgrade Consent, perform the following steps:
1. Select in the main menu, press
2. Select “Upgrade Consent” ( on the display), press
3. Press
S to set Upgrade Consent.
4.1.10 Setting Pulse LED
To set pulse LED, perform the following steps:
1. Select in the main menu, press
2. Select “Pulse LED” ( on the display), press
3. Press
S to set the type of energy that the LED shall indicate on.
4.1.11 Setting Tariff
F.
F.
F.
F.
The tariff source can be set to input, or communication. To set the tariffs, perform
the following steps:
4.1.12 Resetting Resettable Registers
To reset registers, perform the following steps:
1. Select in the main menu, press
2. Select “Resettable registers” ( on the display), press
3. The display will show the different registers to reset. Depending on the
meter type, the available choices are:
Step Input Communication
1 Select in the main
menu, press
F.
Select in the
main menu, press
F.
2 Select , press F. Select ,
F.
press
3 Press S and select Input
().
4 Use
5– –
G to toggle to the first
configuration. Four configurations are available. Set
the tariff that shall be active
for each configuration.
Press S and select Comm ().
The tariff source is
now set for communication.
F.
F.
Page 39
Register On the display
40
Active Energy Imported Total
Active Energy Exported Total
Reactive Energy Imported Total
Reactive Energy Exported Total
Reset all
4. Toggle through the pages and reset the desired registers.
Meter Settings
Page 40
Chapter 5: Technical Description
42
Technical Description
Overview
In this chapter
This chapter contains technical descriptions of the meter functions. Depending of
the meter type, the meter may contain all or a subset of the functions described in
this chapter.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
5.1 Energy Values ..................................................................................... 43
5.2 Instrumentation .................................................................................... 45
5.3 Alarm ................................................................................................... 47
5.4 Inputs and Outputs .............................................................................. 48
5.4.1 Tariff Inputs ................................................................................ 48
5.4.2 Pulse Outputs ............................................................................ 49
5.5 Logs ..................................................................................................... 51
5.5.1 System Log ................................................................................ 51
5.5.2 Event Log ................................................................................... 52
5.5.3 Net Quality Log .......................................................................... 53
5.5.4 Audit Log .................................................................................... 53
5.5.5 Settings Log ............................................................................... 54
5.5.6 Event codes ............................................................................... 54
Page 41
Technical Description
5.1 Energy Values
General
The energy values are stored in energy registers. The different energy registers
can be divided into:
The energy values can be read via communication or directly in the display
with the help of the buttons.
Energy calculation method
Import energy registers increments when the power is positive and export
energy registers increments when power is negative. All import and export
registers are positive (or zero) and will either increment or stand still.
Net energy registers contains the import minus the export register for
corresponding registers and can be positive or negative. Note that meters of
• Registers containing active, reactive or apparent energy
• Registers containing imported or exported energy.
• Registers containing net energy
• Registers containing different tariffs
• Registers containing total energy and energy per phase
• Resettable registers (possible to set to zero via buttons or communication)
steel type (type designation B23/B24 1xx-xxx) only contain import registers.
The ABB EQ meters use the vector registration method for computation of
energy. In the vector registration method the instantaneous energy
consumption of the measuring elements (the three phases in 3-phase 4-wire
metering) is summed up to the total register. If the sum is positive the import
register is incremented and if the sum is negative the export register is
incremented. Say for example that the power in the three phases are L1: +1
kW, L2: -1 kW and L3: +1 kW. The total power will then be 1 – 1 + 1= 1 kW
and the total import register will increase at a rate of 1 kWh each hour and
the total export register will stand still. If the power in the three phases
instead are L1: +1 kW, L2: -1 kW and L3: -1 kW the total power will be 1 - 1
-1= -1 kW and the total export register will increase with the rate of 1 kWh
each hour and the total import register will stand still.
Note that if a 3-phase load with neutral have connections between the phases
that have a power factor smaller than 0.5, that is constitute a mainly reactive
load, the power in single phases can be negative even if the 3-phase load is
consuming energy. The total power and energy will however always be
positive for a 3-phase load that is consuming energy.
Note also that the sum of the per phase registers will be bigger than the total
register if the power in the phases contains a mix of both positive and
negative power. In applications where the load is a 3-phase load the total
register should always be used for billing.
43
Page 42
Technical Description
2483756 619
123
T1
kVV h
44
The per phase energy registers works as separate single phase meters for
its respective phase and the import registers will increment when the
power is positive, and the export registers will increment when the power
is negative. The per phase registers should only be used for billing in
applications where the loads are pure single phase loads.
Primary value
Presentation of register values
In direct connected meters the energy is usually displayed with a fixed unit
In transformer connected meters with external current transformers, and
some-times also external voltage transformers, the register value is
multiplied by the total transformer ratio before it is presented on the
display or sent out via communication. This value is called primary value.
and number of decimals (normally kWh, with no decimals). In
transformer connected meters where primary values are displayed, the
energy values can be rather big when the total transformer ratio is big.
Image
Normally the meter automatically adapts the unit and number of decimals
displayed to the value.In case the energy is displayed with fixed units and
number of decimals the energy will “roll over” to zeros when the energy
is incremented if all nines are displayed. The meter can however contain
more digits internally, which can be read out via communication if the
meter is equipped with a communication interface. See the example below
where the value 2483756 is displayed, while the internal register contains
192483756.6.
The following picture shows a display with fixed unit and numbers of decimals:
Page 43
Technical Description
45
5.2 Instrumentation
Instrumentation
functions
The following table shows the complete instrumentation functions of the B23/
B24 meters. Depending on the meter type all or a subset of the following functions are available.
Instrumentation 3–phase, 4–wire 3–phase, 3–wire
Active power, total X X
Active power, L1 X X
Active power, L2 X
Active power, L3 X X
Reactive power, Total X X
Reactive power, L1 X X
Reactive power, L2 X
Reactive power, L3 X X
Apparent power, Total X X
Apparent power, L1 X X
Apparent power, L2 X
Apparent power, L3 X X
Voltage L1 – N X
Voltage L2 – N X
Voltage L3 – N X
Voltage L1 – L2 X X
Voltage L3 – L2 X X
Voltage L1 – L3 X
Current L1 X X
Current L2 X
Current L3 X X
Current N X
Frequency X X
Power factor, Total X X
Power factor, L1 X X
Power factor, L2 X
Power factor, L3 X X
Phase angle power, Total X X
Phase angle power, L1 X X
Phase angle power, L2 X
Phase angle power, L3 X X
Phase angle voltage, L1 X X
Phase angle voltage, L2 X
Phase angle voltage, L3 X X
Phase angle current, L1 X X
Phase angle current, L2 X
Page 44
Technical Description
46
Instrumentation 3–phase, 4–wire 3–phase, 3–wire
Phase angle current, L3 X X
Current quadrant, Total X X
Current quadrant, L1 X X
Current quadrant, L2 X
Currentquadrant, L3 X X
Accuracy
All instrumentation data accuracy is defined within the voltage range 20% of the
stated nominal voltage and within the current range 5% of the base current to the
maximum current.
The accuracy of all instrumentation data except the voltage and current phase–
angles is the same as the stated energy metering accuracy. The accuracy for the
voltage and current phase–angles is 2 degrees.
Page 45
Technical Description
47
5.3 Alarm
General
Quantities
The purpose of the alarm function is to enable monitoring of quantities in the
meter. Monitoring can be set to high or low level detection. High level detection
gives an alarm when the level of a quantity goes above the set level. Low level
detection gives an alarm when the value goes below the set level.
It is possible to configure 25 alarms. Configuration can be done via communication or with the buttons directly on the meter.
Depending on the meter type all or a subset of the following quantities can be
monitored:
Voltage L1 Active power L3
Voltage L2 Reactive power total
Voltage L3 Reactive power L1
Voltage L1–L2 Reactive power L2
Voltage L2–L3 Reactive power L3
Voltage L1–L3 Apparent power total
Current L1 Apparent power L1
Current L2 Apparent power L2
Current L3 Apparent power L3
Current N Power factor total
Active power total Power factor L1
Active power L1 Power factor L2
Active power L2 Power factor L3
Functional
description
When the value of the monitored quantity passes the activation level, and remains
there for a period of time equal or longer than the specified time delay, the alarm
is activated. In the same way, the alarm is deactivated when the value passes the
deactivation level and remains there for a time equal or longer than the specified
time delay.
If the activation level is higher than the deactivation level, then the alarm is activated when the value of the monitored quantity is higher than the activation level.
If the activation level is lower than the deactivation level, then the alarm is activated when the vale of the monitored quantity is lower than the activation level.
Page 46
5.4 Inputs and Outputs
48
Technical Description
General
Inputs/outputs are built with optocouplers and are galvanically isolated from
other meter electronics. They are polarity independent and handle both DC and
AC voltage.
An input that is not connected equals having its voltage off.
The equivalent circuitry of the outputs is an ideal relay in series with a resistor.
Functionality of
inputs
The inputs count pulses, register activity and current status and the data can be
read directly on the meter display or via communication
Register activity can be reset via communication or via the buttons directly on the
meter.
Functionality of
outputs
The outputs can be controlled by communication or alarm.
5.4.1 Tariff Inputs
Tariff control
On meters with tariff functionality, the tariffs are controlled either via communication or by 1 or 2 tariff inputs.
Tariff control via inputs is done by applying a proper combination of "voltage" or
"no voltage" to the input(s). Each combination of "voltage"/"no voltage" will result in that the meter will register the energy in a particular tariff register.
In combined meters with both active and reactive metering, both quantities are
controlled by the same inputs and the active tariff for active and reactive energy
will always be the same.
Indication of
active tariff
Input coding, meters with 4 tariffs
The active tariff is displayed on the LCD by the text "Tx" in the status field, where
x is the tariff number. The active tariff can also be read via communication.
The coding of the inputs is binary. The following table describes the default coding.
Input 4 Input 3 Tariff
OFF OFF = T1
OFF ON = T2
ON OFF = T3
ON ON = T4
Page 47
Technical Description
49
Input coding, meters with 2 tariffs
The coding of the inputs is binary. The following table describes the default coding.
Input 3 Tariff
OFF = T1
ON = T2
5.4.2 Pulse Outputs
About pulse
outputs
On the pulse outputs the meter sends out a specified number of pulses (pulse
frequency) per kilowatt hour (kilovar for reactive pulse outputs).
The pulse outputs are primary, which means that the pulses are sent out in proportion to the true primary energy, taking current transformer ratios (CT ratio) programmed on the meter into account.
For direct connected meters no external transformers are used and the amount of
pulses sent out are in proportion to the energy flowed through the meter.
5.4.2.1 Pulse Frequency and Pulse length
General
Pulse frequency and pulse length can be set via the buttons on the meter or via
communication. If the meter have more than 1 pulse output, then all outputs will
have the same pulse frequency and pulse length.
Pulse frequency
The pulse frequency is configurable and can be set to a value between 1–9999
impulses. The value must be an integer. The unit is selectable and may be set to
imp/kWh, imp/Wh or imp/MWh.
Pulse length
The pulse length can be set to a value between 10–990 ms.
Deciding pulse frequency/length
If the power is too high for a certain pulse length and pulse frequency, then there
is a risk that the pulses may go into one another. If this happens then the meter
will emit a new pulse (relay closed) before the previous one has terminated (relay
open) and the pulse will be missed. In worst case the relay may be closed at all
times.
To avoid this problem a calculation should be made to work out the maximum
pulse frequency allowed at a particular site based upon an estimated maximum
power and the meter’s pulse output data.
Page 48
Technical Description
50
Formula
Example 1
Example 2
N
The formula to use for this calculation is:
Max pulse frequency = 1000*3600 / U / I /n / (Ppause + Plength)
where U and I is the estimated maximum element voltage (in volts) and current
(in amperes), n the number of elements (1 – 3). Plength and Ppause are the pulse
length and the required pulse pause (in seconds). A reasonable minimum pulse
length and pulse pause is 30 ms which conforms to the S0 and IEC standard.
Note – U and I have to be the primary values in a transformer connected meter if the
CT and VT for the external transformers are programmed into the meter.
In a direct connected 3–element meter with estimated maximum voltage and current of 250 V and 65 A and pulse length 100 ms and required pulse pause 30 ms,
the maximum allowed pulse frequency will be:
1000 * 3600 / 250 / 65 / 3 / (0.030 + 0.100)) = 568 impulses / kWh (kvarh)
In a transformer connected 3–element meter with estimated maximum voltage
and current of 63 V and 6 * 50 A = 300 A (CT ratio 50) and pulse width 100 ms
and required pulse pause 30 ms the maximum allowed pulse frequency will be:
1000 * 3600 / 63 / 300 / 3 / (0.030 + 0.100) = 488.4 impulses / kWh (kvarh)
Page 49
Technical Description
51
5.5 Logs
General
The meter contains a total of five different logs:
•System Log
• Event Log
• Net Quality Log
• Audit log
• Settings Log
Log events can be read via communication or directly in the display of the meter.
A maximum of 500 log events can be stored in the System Log, the Event Log
and the Net Quality Log. When the maximum number of events for a log is
reached, the oldest events will be overwritten.
A maximum of 40 log events can be stored in the Audit Log. When the maximum
number of events for this log is reached, no more events can be stored. A new
firmware upgrade attempt will be unsuccessful because no more log events can
be stored.
A maximum of 80 log events can be stored in the Settings Log. When the maximum number of events for this log is reached, no more events can be stored. A
new setting for either CT or number of elements will not be accepted because no
more log events can be stored.
It is possible to delete all entries in the System Log, The Event Log and the Net
Quality Logvia communication.
5.5.1 System Log
This log stores events that relate to errors in the meter.
Contents
The following information is stored in an event:
The following events are stored in this log:
• Date and time
• Event Code
• Duration
• Program CRC Error – Error when checking firmware consistency.
• Persistent Storage Error – Data stored in long–term memory is corrupt.
Page 50
5.5.2 Event Log
52
Technical Description
This log stores events that relate to alarms and configuration warnings.
Contents
The following information is stored in an event:
• Date and Time
• Event Code
• Duration
The following events are stored in this log:
• Date Not Set Warning – Date has not been configured for RTC.
• Time Not Set Warning – Time has not been configured for RTC.
• Negative Power Element 1 Warning – Element 1 measures negative power.
• Negative Power Element 2 Warning – Element 2 measures negative power.
• Negative Power Element 3 Warning – Element 3 measures negative power.
• Negative Total Power Warning – Total power is measured as negative.
• Alarm Current L1
• Alarm current L2
• Alarm Current L3
• Alarm Current Neutral
• Alarm Active Power Total
• Alarm Active Power L1
• Alarm Active Power L2
• Alarm Active Power L3
• Alarm Reactive Power total
• Alarm Reactive Power L1
• Alarm Reactive Power L2
• Alarm Reactive Power L3
• Alarm Apparent power Total
• Alarm Apparent power L1
• Alarm Apparent power L2
• Alarm Apparent power L3
• Alarm Power Factor Total
• Alarm Power Factor L1
• Alarm Power Factor L2
• Alarm Power Factor L3
Page 51
Technical Description
53
5.5.3 Net Quality Log
This log stores alarms and information that relates to net quality.
Contents
5.5.4 Audit Log
The following events are stored in this log
• U1 Missing Warning – U1 is missing
• U2 Missing Warning – U2 is missing
• U3 Missing Warning – U3 is missing
• Frequency Warning – Net frequency is not stable
• Alarm Voltage L1
• Alarm Voltage L2
• Alarm Voltage L3
• Alarm Voltage L1–L2
• Alarm Voltage L2–L3
• Alarm Voltage L1–L3
The Audit Log stores an event after an attempt has been made to upgrade the
firmware.
Firmware upgrade on the meter can only be performed by the administrator–user
via the EQ Bus protocol. Any firmware upgrade attempt stored in the audit log
has been initiated by the administrator–user.
Contents
The following information is stored in an event:
• Firmware version
• Active Energy import
• Active Energy import L1
• Active Energy import L2
• Active Energy import L3
• Active Energy import Tariff 1
• Active Energy import Tariff 2
• Active Energy import Tariff 3
• Active Energy import Tariff 4
• Active Energy Export
• Firmware Upgrade status
Page 52
5.5.5 Settings Log
54
This log stores an event when the transformer ratio is reconfigured.
Technical Description
Contents
The following information is stored in an event:
5.5.6 Event codes
Description
The following table describes the event codes that may occur in the System log,
the Event log and the Net Quality log:
• Firmware version
• Active Energy import
• Active Energy import L1
• Active Energy import L2
• Active Energy import L3
• Active Energy import Tariff 1
• Active Energy import Tariff 2
• Active Energy import Tariff 3
• Active Energy import Tariff 4
• Active Energy Export
•CT–Value
•Elements
Event code Event
41 Program CRC Error
42 Persistent Storage Error
1000 U1 Missing Warning
1001 U2 Missing Warning
1002 U3 Missing Warning
1004 Negative Power Element 1 Warning
1005 Negative Power Element 2 Warning
1006 Negative Power Element 3 Warning
1007 Negative Total Power Warning
1008 Frequency Warning
2013 Alarm 1 active
2014 Alarm 2 active
2015 Alarm 3 active
2016 Alarm 4 active
2017 Alarm 5 active
2018 Alarm 6 active
2019 Alarm 7 active
Page 53
Technical Description
55
Event code Event
2020 Alarm 8 active
2021 Alarm 9 active
2022 Alarm 10 active
2023 Alarm 11 active
2024 Alarm 12 active
2025 Alarm 13 active
2026 Alarm 14 active
2027 Alarm 15 active
2028 Alarm 16 active
2029 Alarm 17 active
2030 Alarm 18 active
2031 Alarm 19 active
2032 Alarm 20 active
2033 Alarm 21 active
2034 Alarm 22 active
2035 Alarm 23 active
2036 Alarm 24 active
2037 Alarm 25 active
Page 54
Chapter 6: Technical data
56
Technical data
Overview
In this chapter
This chapter contains technical data and product drawings.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
6.1 Technical Specifications ...................................................................... 57
6.2 Physical dimensions ............................................................................ 61
Page 55
Technical data
57
6.1 Technical Specifications
Specifications for B23 direct connected meters
Voltage/current inputs
Nominal voltage 3x230/400 VAC
Voltage range 3x220–240 VAC (-20% – +15%)
Power dissipation voltage circuits 1.6 VA (0.7 W) total
Power dissipation current circuits 0.007 VA (0.007 W) per phase at 230 VAC and I
Base current I
Reference current I
Transitional current I
Maximum current I
Minimum current I
Starting current I
b
ref
tr
max
min
st
Terminal wire area 1–25 mm
Recommended tightening torque 3 Nm
General data
Frequency 50 or 60 Hz ± 5%
Accuracy Class B (Cl. 1) and Reactive Cl. 2
Active energy 1%
Display of energy 7-digit LCD
Mechanical
Material Polycarbonate in transparent front glass. Glass reinforced
Weight
Environmental
Operating temperature -40°C to +70°C
Storage temperature -40°C to +85°C
Humidity 75% yearly average, 95% on 30 days/year
Resistance to fire and heat Terminal 960°C, cover 650°C (IEC 60695-2-1)
Resistance to water and dust IP 20 on terminal block without protective enclosure and IP 51
Mechanical environment Class M1 in accordance with the Measuring Instrument Direc-
Electromagnetic environment Class E2 in accordance with the Measuring Instrument Direc-
Outputs
Current 2–100 mA
Voltage 24 VAC–240 VAC, 24 VDC–240 VDC. For meters with only 1
Pulse output frequency Prog. 1–999999 imp/MWh, 1–999999 imp/kWh,
5 A
5 A
0.5 A
65 A
0.25 A
< 20 mA
polycarbonate in bottom case and upper case. Polycarbonate
in terminal cover.
in protective enclosure, according to IEC 60529.
tive (MID), (2014/32/UE).
tive (MID), (2014/32/UE).
output 5–40 VDC.
1–999999 imp/Wh
b
2
Page 56
Technical data
58
Pulse length 10–990 ms
Terminal wire area 0.5–1 mm²
Recommended tightening torque 0.25 Nm
Inputs
Voltage 0–240 V AC/DC
Off 0–12 V AC/DC
ON 57–240 V AC/24–240 V DC
Min. pulse length 30 ms
Terminal wire area 0.5–1 mm²
Recommended tightening torque 0.25 Nm
Communication
Terminal wire area 0.5–1 mm²
Recommended tightening torque 0.25 Nm
M-Bus EN 13757-2, EN 13757-3
Modbus Modbus Application Protocol Specification V1.1b
EQ-Bus IEC 62056-42, 62056-46, 62056-53, 62056-61, 62056-62
Pulse indicator(LED)
Pulse Frequency 1000 imp/kWh
Pulse length 40 ms
EMC compatibility
Impulse voltage test 6 kV 1.2/50µs (IEC 60060-1)
Surge voltage test 4 kV 1.2/50µs (IEC 61000-4-5)
Fast transient burst test 4 kV (IEC 61000-4-4)
Immunity to electromagnetic HF-fields 80 MHz–2 GHz at 10 V/m (IEC 61000-4-3)
Immunity to conducted disturbance 150kHz–80MHz, (IEC 61000-4-6)
Immunity to electromagnetic disturbances
Radio frequency emission EN 55022, class B (CISPR22)
Electrostatic discharge 15 kV (IEC 61000-4-2)
Standards IEC 62052-11, IEC 62053-21 class 1 & 2, IEC 62053-23 class
2–150 kHz for kWh-meters
2, GB/T 17215.211-2006, GB/T 17215.321-2008 class 1 & 2,
GB 4208-2008, EN 50470-1, EN 50470-3 category B.
Specifications for B24 transformer connected meter
Voltage inputs
Nominal voltage 3x230/400 VAC
Voltage range 3x220–240 VAC (-20% – +15%)
Power dissipation voltage circuits 1.6 VA (0.7 W) total
Power dissipation current circuits 0.007 VA (0.007 W) per phase at 230 VAC and I
Terminal wire area 0.5–10 mm²
Recommended tightening torque 1.5 Nm
b
Page 57
Technical data
59
Current inputs
Rated current I
Maximum current I
Transitional current I
Minimum current I
Starting current I
Terminal wire area 0.5–10mm
Recommended tightening torque 1.5 Nm
General data
Frequency 50 or 60 Hz ± 5%
Accuracy Class B (Cl. 1) or C (Cl. 0,5 S) and Reactive Cl. 2
Active energy 0.5%, 1%
Display 7-digit LCD
Mechanical
Material Polycarbonate in transparent front glass. Glass reinforced
Weight
Environmental
Operating temperature -40°C to +70°C
Storage temperature -40°C to +85°C
Humidity 75% yearly average, 95% on 30 days/year
Resistance to fire and heat Terminal 960°C, cover 650°C (IEC 60695-2-1)
Resistance to water and dust IP 20 on terminal block without protective enclosure and IP 51
Mechanical environment Class M1 in accordance with the Measuring Instrument Direc-
Electromagnetic environment Class E2 in accordance with the Measuring Instrument Direc-
Outputs
Current 2–100 mA
Voltage 24 VAC–240 VAC, 24 VDC–240 VDC. For meters with only 1
Pulse output frequency Prog. 1–999999 imp/MWh, 1–999999 imp/kWh,
Pulse lenth 10–990 ms
Terminal wire area 0.5–1 mm²
Recommended tightening torque 0.25 Nm
Inputs
Voltage 0–240 V AC/DC
Off 0–12 V AC/DC
ON 57–240 V AC/24–240 V DC
Min. pulse length 30 ms
Terminal wire area 0.5–1 mm²
n
max
tr
min
st
1 A
6 A
0.05 A
0.02 A
< 1 mA
2
polycarbonate in bottom case and upper case. Polycarbonate
in terminal cover.
in protective enclosure, according to IEC 60529.
tive (MID), (2014/32/UE).
tive (MID), (2014/32/UE).
output 5–400 VDC.
1–999999 imp/Wh
Page 58
Technical data
60
Recommended tightening torque 0.25 Nm
Communication
Terminal wire area 0.5–1 mm
Recommended tightening torque 0.25 Nm
M-Bus EN 13757-2, EN 13757-3
Modbus Modbus Application Protocol Specification V1.1b
EQ-Bus IEC 62056-42, 62056-46, 62056-53, 62056-61, 62056-62
Transformer ratios
Configurable current ratio (CT) 1/9–9999/1
Pulse indicator (LED)
Pulse Frequency 5000 imp/kWh
Pulse length 40 ms
EMC compatibility
Impulse voltage test 6 kV 1.2/50µs (IEC 60060-1)
Surge voltage test 4 kV 1.2/50µs (IEC 61000-4-5)
Fast transient burst test 4 kV (IEC 61000-4-4)
Immunity to electromagnetic HF-fields 80 MHz–2 GHz at 10 V/m (IEC61000-4-3)
Immunity to conducted disturbance 150kHz–80MHz, (IEC 61000-4-6)
Immunity to electromagnetic disturbances
Radio frequency emission EN 55022, class B (CISPR22)
Electrostatic discharge 15 kV (IEC 61000-4-2)
Standards IEC 62052-11, IEC 62053-21 class 1 & 2, IEC 62053-22 class
2–150 kHz for kWh-meters
0,5 S, IEC 62053-23 class 2, GB/T 17215.211-2006, GB/T
17215.321-2008 class 1 & 2, GB/T 17215.322-2008 class 0,5
S, GB 4208-2008, EN 50470-1, EN 50470-3 category B & C.
Page 59
Technical data
70
93
89
97
45
65
58
43
61
6.2 Physical dimensions
B23
The following drawing shows the physical dimensions of the B23 meters.
Page 60
Technical data
SET
70 mm 64 mm
90 mm
S1 S1 S1UUU
S2S2S2
62
B24
The following drawing shows the physical dimensions of the B24 meters.
Page 61
Chapter 7: Measurement Methods
64
Measurement Methods
Overview
In this chapter
This chapter contains information about measurement theory and the most commonly used measurement methods. The information can be used to better understand the meter behavior and/or to pick the correct measurement method.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
7.1 Measuring Energy ............................................................................... 65
7.1.1 Single Phase, 1-Element Metering ............................................ 67
7.1.2 3-Phase, 2-Element Metering .................................................... 69
7.1.3 3-Phase, 3-Element Metering .................................................... 71
Page 62
Measurement Methods
65
7.1 Measuring Energy
Active energy
N
Reactive energy
It is easy to understand the need for a utility to measure active energy, since the
information is neccesary to bill the customer correctly. Usually the more energy
the customer consumes the higher the accuracy of the meter needs to be. Normally
4 accuracy classes are used: 2%- (small consumers, e.g. households), 1%-, 0.5%and 0.2%-meters with defined power levels for each class.
Also from a customer point of view it is easy to understand the need to measure
the active energy as it can give him information about where and when energy is
consumed. This information can then be used to take measures to decrease the
consumption.
In many cases it is desired to simplify the measurement. Insuch cases simplified
methods can be used of which the most common are described in this chapter.
These methods most often require a balanced load, which means that the impedance is the same in all phases giving the same current amplitude and power factor
in all phases.
Note – It should be mentioned that even if the load is perfectly balanced the accuracy
will be decreased if the incoming voltages are not the same on all phases.
Sometimes there is also a need to measure the reactive energy. Consumer equipment often introduces a phase shift between current and voltage due to the fact
that the load has a more or less reactive component, e.g. motors that have an
inductive component, etc. A reactive load will increase the current which means
that the power source generator and the size of the power lines have to increase
which in turn means higher cost for the utility. A higher current also means that
the line losses increase.
Because of that, the maximum permissible phase shift is sometimes governed in
the terms of the contract that the consumer have with the power supplier. If the
consumer exceeds a specified maximum reactive load, then he will be liable for
an extra charge. This type of contract will require a utility meter that measures
reactive energy and/or power.
Also, from the customer’s point of view, it may be of some interest to measure
reactive energy/power since it gives him knowledge about the nature of the load.
That is, how big the different loads are and how they vary over time. This knowledge can be used in the planning how to decrease the reactive power/energy to
decrease the electricity bill.
Resistive, inductive and capacitive loads
Resistive loads don't give rise to any phase shifts. Inductive loads have phase shift
in one direction with the current lagging the voltage, while capacitive loads produces a phase shift in the opposite direction with the current leading the voltage.
As a result, inductive and capacitive loads can be used to compensate each other
Page 63
Measurement Methods
Resistive load
I
U
UU
II
Capacitive load
Inductive load
Clockwise rotation
Clockwise rotation
M
Reactive power
Active
power
Apparent
power
66
Illustration
Phase
displacement
The following illustration shows a vector diagram for resistive, inductive and capacitive loads:
A load that consumes both reactive and active energy can be divided into active
and reactive components. The angle between the apparent power (U*I) vector and
the active power component is described as phase displacement angle or power
factor angle, often referred to as ϕ. Cos ϕ is referred to as the power factor.
Illustration
The 4 power
quadrants
The following illustration shows a vector diagram for a load with an active and a
reactive component:
Active power = P = U x I x cos ϕ (unit W)
Reactive power = Q = U x I x sin ϕ (unit var)
Apparent power = S = U x I (unit VA)
The type of load can be represented geometrically by for quadrants. In the first
quadrant the load is inductive and active and energy is imported (energy is delivered from the utility to the customer). In the second quadrant the load is capacitive
and active energy is exported and reactive energy is imported. In the third quadrant the load is inductive and active and reactive energy is exported. In the last
quadrant the load is capacitive and active energy is imported and reactive energy
exported.
Page 64
Measurement Methods
M
Export of
reactive
power
Export of
active power
S
Q
P
1
43
2
Import of
reactive
power
-
+
+
-
Import of
active power
67
Illustration
7.1.1 Single Phase, 1-Element Metering
The following illustration shows the loads
1- element metering in a 2-wire system
In a 2-wire installation a single phase meter is used. Normally the 2 wires are a
phase voltage and the neutral.
The active energy consumed by the load is the product of momentary voltage and
current integrated over the desired measuring time period.
Calculating active
power
In the case where no harmonics is present and the rms value of the voltage and
current is constant, the active power can be expressed as:
P = U
rms*Irms
where ϕ is the phase angle between the voltage and the current.
*cos ϕ
Page 65
Measurement Methods
I
N
Load
L
U
Meter
I3
N
Load
L3
U3
Meter
L2
L1
68
Illustration
1-element metering in a 4-wire system
The following illustration shows a direct connected single phase meter measuring
the active energy (E) consumed by a load.
In 4-wire system the single element metering method only gives correct results in
a balanced system (same voltage, current and power factor in all phases). This
method should not be used for accurate measurement, but can be used when high
accuracy is not needed.
Illustration
The following illustration shows single phase metering in a 3-phase system.
Page 66
Measurement Methods
I1
Load
L1
U1-U2
Meter
L2
U3-U2
I3
L3
69
7.1.2 3-Phase, 2-Element Metering
2-element metering in a 3-wire system
The 2-element metering method is used in systems with 3 wires, normally a 3phase system that does not have a neutral conductor. A 2-element meter can be
used irrespectively of the load being balanced or not.
In a 2-element meter the L2 voltage is used as the voltage reference and the voltage difference between that voltage and the L1 and L3 voltage are measured and
multiplied by its respective current. The active energy consumed by the load is the
product of momentary voltages U1-U2 and U3-U2 and the currents I1 and I2
integrated over the desired measuring time period.
Illustration
Calculating total
active power
Illustration
The following diagram shows a 2-element meter measuring the active energy (E)
consumed by a load.
If the rms values of the voltages and currents are constant, then the total active
power can be expressed as:
Ptot = P1 + P3 = (U1-U2) x I1 c cos ϕ12 + (U3-U2) x 13 x cos ϕ32
The following vector diagram shows the vectors for the phase voltages (U1, U2,
U3), the phase currents (I1, I2, I3) and the element voltages (U1-U2, U3-U2) for
Page 67
Measurement Methods
U3-U2
U1-U2
U3
I3
U1
I2
I1
U2
32 = -30°
12 = 30°
70
a pure resistive load where the phase currents are in phase with its respective
phase voltages.
2-element metering in a 4-wire system
2-element metering can also be used in a 4-wire system if the current in the neutral
connection is zero. Applying this method in a system having a non-zero neutral
current will decrease the accuracy, but can sometimes be justified if the current is
small compared to the line currents or if high accuracy is not required.
It is also possible to use this method for measuring one current only. This method
will only give correct result in a balanced system. Note that the current flows
backwards through phase 1 and 3 and that the phase voltages not are connected to
the normal inputs when the current transformer is connected to phase 1 and 3.
Page 68
Measurement Methods
L1
L2
L3
11
23 5467891
S1
S2
P1
P2
L1
L2
L3
11
23 5467891
S1
S2
P1
P2
L1
L2
L3
11
23 5467891
S1
S2
P1
P2
71
Illustration
The following diagrams shows 2-element measurements with only 1 current
transformer:
7.1.3 3-Phase, 3-Element Metering
3-element metering in a 4-wire system
This method is normally used in three phase systems that have a neutral conductor.
In a 3-element meter the neutral voltage is used as the voltage reference and the
voltage difference between the neutral voltage and the L1, L2 and L3 voltages are
measured and multiplied by its respective current. The active energy consumed
Page 69
Measurement Methods
I1
Load
U1
Meter
I3
I2
N
U2
U3
72
by the load is the product of momentary voltages U1, U2 and U3 and the currents
I1, I2 and I3 integrated over the desired measuring time period.
Illustration
Calculating total
active power
3-element metering with the neutral disconnected
The following diagram shows a direct connected 3-element meter measuring the
active energy( E) consumed by a load.
If the rms values of the voltages and currents are constant, then the total active
power can be expressed as:
Ptot = P1 + P2 + P3 = U1 x I1 x I1 x cos ϕ1 + (U2 x I2 x cos ϕ2 + U3 x I3 x cos ϕ3
Sometimes it is desired to use a 3-element meter without having the neutral connected. It can be done with both transformer connected and direct connected meters.
This can for example be desired in cases where a voltage transformer without a
neutral is being used for the moment but where a change to a voltage transformer
with neutral will be made sometime in the future. To save the trouble of changing
the meter at that time a 3-element meter is used from the beginning.
Using a 3-element meter without having the neutral connected will decrease the
accuracy due to the fact that the floating neutral connection on the meter (terminal
11) will lie at a different level than the true neutral (N) because of impedance
imbalance inside the meter, resulting in the phase voltages not being correct. The
imbalance error is usually however rather small (typically 0–2%) and if the currents are balanced then the total error in the energy measurement will be very
small, as a too small energy measurement on one element will be compensated by
approximately opposite errors for the other phases.
Page 70
Measurement Methods
L1
L2
L3
11
23 5467891
S1
S2
S1
S2
P1
P1
P2
P2
S1
S2
P1
P2
N
L1
L2
L3
11
23 5467891
S1
S2
S1
S2
P1
P1
P2
P2
N
73
Illustration
The following diagram shows a 3-element transformer connected meter with the
neutral disconnected:
3-element metering with 2 transformers
It is also possible to use a 3-element meter with only 2 current transformers. This
type connection is possible both with and without the neutral available or the
neutral left floating.
Illustration
Note that if the current transformers are connected to protective earth then it must
be connected in only one point. Both methods require a balanced system (voltages
and currents the same in all 3 phases). It shall also be mentioned that having a
floating neutral also can give additional errors in the measured voltages due to
impedance unlinearity and imbalance inside the meter.
The following diagram shows a 3-element transformer connected meter with 2
current transformers:
Page 71
Measurement Methods
L1
L2
L3
11
23 5467891
S1
S2
S1
S2
P1
P1
P2
P2
L1 L2 L3
11
23 5467891
S1
S2
S1
S2
P1
P1
P2
P2
S1
S2
P1
P2
N
S1 S2
P1
P1
P2
P2
S2
P1 P2
To load 1
To lo ad 2
S1
S2
74
Illustration
Summation
metering
N
The following diagram shows a 3-element transformer connected meter with 2
current transformers and a floating neutral:
The currents from several different transformers can be summed into one single
meter.
Note – The summation metring method could also be used with a single phase meter
or a 2-element meter
Illustration
The following illustration shows summation metring with a 3-element transformer connected meter:
Page 72
Chapter 8: Service & Maintenance
76
Service & Maintenance
Overview
In this chapter
This chapter contains information about service and maintenance of the product.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
8.1 Service and Maintenance .................................................................... 77
Page 73
Service & Maintenance
77
8.1 Service and Maintenance
Service
Cleaning
This product contains no parts that can be repaired or exchanged. A broken meter
must be replaced.
If the meter needs to be cleaned, then use a lightly moistened cloth with a mild
detergent to wipe it.
Caution – Be careful that no liquid gets into the meter since it can ruin the equipment.
C
Page 74
Communication with Modbus
78
Chapter 9: Communication with Modbus
Overview
In this chapter
This chapter describes the mapping from meter data to Modbus and how to read
and write to registers.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
9.1 About the Modbus Protocol ................................................................. 79
9.1.1 Function Code 3 (Read holding registers) ................................. 79
9.1.2 Function Code 16 (Write multiple registers) ............................... 81
9.1.3 Function Code 6 (Write single register) ..................................... 82
9.2 Reading and Writing to Registers ........................................................ 84
9.3 Mapping Tables ................................................................................... 85
9.4 Event logs ............................................................................................ 94
9.4.1 Reading Event logs .................................................................... 97
9.5 Configuration ....................................................................................... 98
9.5.1 Alarms ........................................................................................ 98
9.5.2 Inputs and outputs ................................................................... 101
9.5.3 Tariffs ....................................................................................... 103
Page 75
Communication with Modbus
79
9.1 About the Modbus Protocol
General
Supported
function codes
Modbus request
frame
Modbus is a master-slave communication protocol that can support up to 247
slaves organized as a multidrop bus. The communication is half duplex. Services
on Modbus are specified by function codes.
The function codes are used to read or write 16 bit registers. All metering data,
such as active energy, voltage or firmware version, is represented by one or more
such registers. For further information about the relation between register number
and metering data, refer to “Mapping Tables” on page - 86.
The Modbus protocol is specified in its entirety in Modbus Application Protocol
Specification V1.1b. The document is available at http://www.modbus.org
The following function codes are supported:
• Function code 3 (Read holding registers)
• Function code 6 (Write single register)
• Function code 16 (Write multiple registers)
A Modbus request frame generally has the following structure:
Slave Address Function Code Data Error Check
Slave address Modbus slave address, 1 byte.
Function code Decides the service to be performed.
Data Dependent on the function code. The length varies.
Error check CRC, 2 bytes
Message types
The network messages can be query-response or broadcast type. The queryresponse command sends a query from the master to an individual slave and is
generally followed by a response.
The broadcast command sends a message to all slaves and is never followed by a
response. Broadcast is supported by function code 6 and 16.
9.1.1 Function Code 3 (Read holding registers)
General
Function code 3 is used to read measurement values or other information from the
electricity meter. It is possible to read up to 125 consecutive registers at a time.
This means that multiple values can be read in one request.
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Communication with Modbus
80
Request frame
Example of a
request
Response frame
A request frame has the following structure:
Slave Address Function Code Address No. of Registers Error Check
The following is an example of a request. (read total energy import, etc...)
Slave address 0x01
Function code 0x03
Start address, high byte 0x50
Start address, low byte 0x00
No. of registers, high byte 0x00
No. of registers, low byte 0x18
Error check (CRC), high byte 0x54
Error check (CRC), low byte 0xC0
A response frame has the following structure:
Slave Address Function Code Byte Count Register Values Error Check
Example of a
response
The following is an example of a response:
Slave address 0x01
Function code 0x03
Byte count 0x30
Value of register 0x5000, high byte 0x00
Value of register 0x5000, low byte 0x15
...
Value of register 0x5017, high byte 0xFF
Value of register 0x5017, low byte 0xFF
Error check (CRC), high byte 0xXX
Error check (CRC), low byte 0xXX
In this example, the slave with the Modbus address 1 responds to a read request.
The number of data bytes is 0x30. The first register (0x5000) has the value
0x0015 and the last (0x5017) has the value 0xFFFF
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Communication with Modbus
81
9.1.2 Function Code 16 (Write multiple registers)
General
Request frame
Example of a
request
Function code 16 is used to modify settings in the meter, such as date/time, to
control output and to reset values, such as power fail counter. It is possible to write
up to 123 consecutive registers in a single request. This means that several
settings can be modified and/or several reset operations can be performed in a
single request.
A request frame has the following structure:
Slave
Address
Function
Code
Start
Address
No. of
Registers
Byte
Count
Register
Values
Error
Check
The following is an example of a request (set Date/Time to November 11, 2010,
12:13:14):
Slave address 0x01
Function code 0x10
Start address, high byte 0x8A
Start address, low byte 0x00
No. of registers, high byte 0x00
No. of registers, low byte 0x03
Byte count 0x06
Value of register 0x8A00, high byte 0x0A
Value of register 0x8A00, low byte 0x0B
Value of register 0x8A01, high byte 0x0B
Value of register 0x8A01, low byte 0x0C
Value of register 0x8A02, high byte 0x0D
Value of register 0x8A02, low byte 0x0E
Error check (CRC), high byte 0x8C
Error check (CRC), low byte 0x82
In this example the master sends a write request to the slave that has the Modbus
address 1. The first register to write is 0x8A00 and the number of registers to write
is 0x03. This means that the registers 0x8A00 to 0x8A02 are written. Register
0x8A00 is set to the value 0x0A0B, and so on.
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Communication with Modbus
82
Response frame
Example of a
response
A response frame has the following structure:
Slave Address Function Code Start Address No. of Registers Error Check
The following is an example of a response:
Slave address 0x01
Function code 0x10
Register address, high byte 0x8A
Register address, low byte 0x00
No. of registers, high byte 0x00
No. of registers, low byte 0x03
Error check (CRC), high byte 0xAA
Error check (CRC), low byte 0x10
In the example above the slave with the Modbus address 1 responds to a write
request. The first register is 0x8A00 and 0x03 registers have been successfully
written to.
9.1.3 Function Code 6 (Write single register)
General
Request frame
Example of a
request
Function code 6 can be used as an alternative to function code 16 if there is only
one register to be written. It can, for example be used to reset the power fail
counter.
A request frame has the following structure:
Slave Address Function Code Register Address Register Value Error Check
The following is an example of a request (reset power fail counter):
Slave address 0x01
Function code 0x06
Register address, high byte 0x8F
Register address, low byte 0x00
No. of registers, high byte 0x00
No. of registers, low byte 0x01
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Communication with Modbus
83
Error check (CRC), high byte 0x62
Error check (CRC), low byte 0xDE
Response frame
Using function code 6, the response frame is an echo of the request frame.
9.1.3.1 Exception Responses
General
If an error should occur while processing a request, then the meter gives an
exception response that contains an exception code.
Exception frame
An exception frame has the following structure:
Slave Address Function Code Exception Code Error Check
In the exception response the function code is set to the function code of the
request plus 0x80.
Exception codes
The exception codes that are used are listed in the following table:
Exception code Exception Definition
01 Illegal function A function code that is not supported has
02 Illegal data address The requested register is outside the
been used.
allowed range.
03 Illegal data value The structure of a received message is
incorrect.
04 Slave device failure Processing the request fail due to an
internal error in the meter.
Page 80
9.2 Reading and Writing to Registers
84
Communication with Modbus
Readable
registers
Multi-register
values
Unused registers
The readable range in the modbus mapping are registers 1000–8EFF
(hexadecimal). Reading any registers within this range will result in a normal
Modbus response. It is possible to read any number of registers between 1 and
125, i.e., it is not necessary to read all registers of a quantity listed on one line in
the s. Any attempt to read outside this range will result in an illegal data address
exception (Modbus exception code 2).
For quantities that are represented as more than 1 register, the most significant
byte is found in the high byte of the first (lowest) register. The least significant
byte is found in the low byte of the last (highest) register.
Unused registers within the mapping range, for example missing quantities in the
connected meter, will result in a normal Modbus response but the value of the
register will be set to “invalid”.
For quantities with data type “unsigned”, the value will be FFFF in all registers.
For quantities with data type “signed”, the value is the highest value possible to
express. That means that a quantity that is represented by only one register will
have the value 7FFF. A quantity that is represented by 2 registers will have the
value 7FFFFFFF, and so on.
Writing to
registers
Confirm set
values
Writing to registers is only permitted to the registers listed as writable in the
mapping tables. Attempting to write to a register that is listed as writable but that
is not supported by the meter will not result in an error indication.
Note – It is not possible to modify parts of a setting.
N
After you set a value in the meter, it is recommended that you read the value to
confirm the result, since it is not possible to confirm if a write was successful from
the Modbus response.
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Communication with Modbus
85
9.3 Mapping Tables
Introduction
Contents of the
mapping tables
Tota l e n er g y
accumulators
The purpose of this section is to explain the relation between register number and
metering data.
The following table explains the content of the mapping tables:
Quantity Name of the meter quantity or other information available in the
meter.
Details Refinement of the Quantity column.
Start Reg (Hex) Hexadecimal number for the first (lowest) Modbus Register for
this quantity. *
Size Number of Modbus registers for the meter Quantity. A Modbus
Register is 16 bits long.
Res. Resolution of the value for this Quantity (if applicable).
Unit Unit for the Quantity (if applicable).
Data type Data type for this Quantity, i.e. how the value in the Modbus
registers should be interpreted.
*It is expressed exactly as it is sent on the bus. That is, it should not be subtracted
by 40 000 or decremented by 1, as is common for Modbus products.
All registers in the following table are read only:
Quantity Details Start reg
(Hex)
Size Res. Unit Data type
Active import kWh 5000 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active export kWh 5004 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active net kWh 5008 4 0,01 kWh Signed
Reactive import kvarh 500C 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive export kvarh 5010 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive net kvarh 5014 4 0,01 kvarh Signed
Apparent import kVAh 5018 4 0,01 kVAh Unsigned
Apparent export kVAh 501C 4 0,01 kVAh Unsigned
Apparent net kVAh 5020 4 0,01 kVAh Signed
Active import
CO2
Active import
Currency
kVAh 5024 4 0,001 kg Unsigned
kVAh 5034 4 0,001 currency Unsigned
Page 82
Energy accumulators divided into tariffs
86
All registers in the following table are read only:
Quantity Details Start reg (Hex) Size Res. Unit Data type
Active import Tariff 1 5170 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active import Tariff 2 5174 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active import Tariff 3 5178 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active import Tariff 4 517C 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active export Tariff 1 5190 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active export Tariff 2 5194 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active export Tariff 3 5198 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active export Tariff 4 519C 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Communication with Modbus
Reactive import Tariff 1 51B0 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive import Tariff 2 51B4 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive import Tariff 3 51B8 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive import Tariff 4 51BC 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive export Tariff 1 51D0 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive export Tariff 2 51D4 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive export Tariff 3 51D8 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive export Tariff 4 51DC 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Energy accumulators per phase
All registers in the following table are read only:
Quantity Details Start reg (Hex) Size Res. Unit Data type
Active import L1 5460 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active import L2 5464 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active import L3 5468 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active export L1 546C 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active export L2 5470 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active export L3 5474 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Active net L1 5478 4 0,01 kWh Signed
Active net L2 547C 4 0,01 kWh Signed
Active net L3 5480 4 0,01 kWh Signed
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Communication with Modbus
87
Quantity Details Start reg (Hex) Size Res. Unit Data type
Reactive import L1 5484 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive import L2 5488 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive import L3 548C 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive export L1 5490 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive export L2 5494 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive export L3 5498 4 0,01 kvarh Unsigned
Reactive net L1 549C 4 0,01 kvarh Signed
Reactive net L2 54A0 4 0,01 kvarh Signed
Reactive net L3 54A4 4 0,01 kvarh Signed
Apparent import L1 54A8 4 0,01 kVAh Unsigned
Apparent import L2 54AC 4 0,01 kVAh Unsigned
Apparent import L3 54B0 4 0,01 kVAh Unsigned
Apparent export L1 54B4 4 0,01 kVAh Unsigned
Apparent export L2 54B8 4 0,01 kVAh Unsigned
Apparent export L3 54BC 4 0,01 kVAh Unsigned
Apparent net L1 54C0 4 0,01 kVAh Signed
Apparent net L2 54C4 4 0,01 kVAh Signed
Apparent net L3 54C8 4 0,01 kVAh Signed
Resettable energy accumulators
All registers in the following table are read only:
Quantity Start reg
Resettable active
import
Resettable active
export
Size Res. Unit Data type
(Hex)
552C 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
5530 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Resettable
reactive import
Resettable
reactive export
5534 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
5538 4 0,01 kWh Unsigned
Page 84
Instantaneous values
88
Communication with Modbus
All registers in the following table are read only:
Quantity Details Start
reg
(Hex)
Voltage L1-N 5B00 2 0,1 V Unsigned
Voltage L2-N 5B02 2 0,1 V Unsigned
Voltage L3-N 5B04 2 0,1 V Unsigned
Voltage L1-L2 5B06 2 0,1 V Unsigned
Voltage L3-L2 5B08 2 0,1 V Unsigned
Voltage L1-L3 5B0A 2 0,1 V Unsigned
Current L1 5B0C 2 0,01 A Unsigned
Current L2 5B0E 2 0,01 A Unsigned
Current L3 5B10 2 0,01 A Unsigned
Current N 5B12 2 0,01 A Unsigned
Active power Total 5B14 2 0,01 W Signed
Active power L1 5B16 2 0,01 W Signed
Active power L2 5B18 2 0,01 W Signed
Active power L3 5B1A 2 0,01 W Signed
Reactive power Total 5B1C 2 0,01 var Signed
Reactive power L1 5B1E 2 0,01 var Signed
Reactive power L2 5B20 2 0,01 var Signed
Reactive power L3 5B22 2 0,01 var Signed
Apparent power Total 5B24 2 0,01 VA Signed
Apparent power L1 5B26 2 0,01 VA Signed
Apparent power L2 5B28 2 0,01 VA Signed
Apparent power L3 5B2A 2 0,01 VA Signed
Frequency 5B2C 1 0,01 Hz Unsigned
Phase angle power Total 5B2D 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Phase angle power L1 5B2E 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Phase angle power L2 5B2F 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Phase angle power L3 5B30 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Phase angle voltage L1 5B31 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Phase angle voltage L2 5B32 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Phase angle voltage L3 5B33 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Phase angle current L1 5B37 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Phase angle current L2 5B38 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Phase angle current L3 5B39 1 0,1 ° -180° – +180° Signed
Power factor Total 5B3A 1 0,001 - -1,000 –
Size Res. Unit Value range Data
type
Signed
+1,000
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Communication with Modbus
89
N
Quantity Details Start
reg
(Hex)
Power factor L1 5B3B 1 0,001 - -1,000 –
Power factor L2 5B3C 1 0,001 - -1,000 –
Power factor L3 5B3D 1 0,001 - -1,000 –
Current quadrant Total 5B3E 1 - 1–4 Unsigned
Current quadrant L1 5B3F 1 - 1–4 Unsigned
Current quadrant L2 5B40 1 - 1–4 Unsigned
Current quadrant L3 5B41 1 - 1–4 Unsigned
Note –
Powers are sent out as 32 bit signed integers, expressed in W (or var/VA)
Size Res. Unit Value range Data
type
Signed
+1,000
Signed
+1,000
Signed
+1,000
with 2 decimals. This means that the maximum power possible to express is
approximately ±21 MW. If the power is higher than that, then the user is advised
to read power from the DMTME mapping instead, where the scaling is in W without decimals.
Inputs and
outputs
Production data
and identification
The following table contains both writable and read only registers:
Quantity Details Start
Reg
(Hex)
Output 1 6300 1 ON=1, OFF=0 Unsigned R/W
Output 2 6301 1 ON=1, OFF=0 Unsigned R/W
Input 3 Current state 6308 1 ON=1, OFF=0 Unsigned R
Input 4 Current state 6309 1 ON=1, OFF=0 Unsigned R
Input 3 Stored state 6310 1 ON=1, OFF=0 Unsigned R
Input 4 Stored state 6311 1 ON=1, OFF=0 Unsigned R
Input 3 Counter 6318 4 Unsigned R
Input 4 Counter 631C 4 Unsigned R
Size Possible values Data type Read/
Write
All registers in the following table are read only:
Quantity Start Reg (Hex) Size Data type
Serial number 8900 2 Unsigned
Meter firmware version 8908 8 ASCII string (up to 16
characters)
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Communication with Modbus
90
Quantity Start Reg (Hex) Size Data type
Modbus mapping version 8910 1 2 bytes
Type designation 8960 6 ASCII string (12 characters,
including null termination)
Meter firmware version is expressed as a string of 3 digits separated by periods,
e.g. 1.0.0. Unused bytes at the end are set to binary 0.
In the Modbus mapping version register the high byte corresponds to the Major
version (1–255), and the low byte corresponds to the Minor version (0–255).
Miscellaneous
Settings
In the following table Date/time and current tariff are writable. All other registers
are read only:
Quantity Start
Reg
(Hex)
Current tariff 8A07 Tariff 1–4 1 Unsigned R/W
Error flags 8A13 64 flags 4 Bit string R
Information flags 8A19 64 flags 4 Bit string R
Warning flags 8A1F 64 flags 4 Bit string R
Alarm flags 8A25 64 flags 4 Bit string R
Power fail counter 8A2F 1 Unsigned R
Description Size Data type Read/
Write
* Byte 0 is the highest byte of the lowest register
The Reset counter registers show the number of times the resettable energy
accumulators have been reset.
All registers in the following table have read and write access:
Quantity Start
Reg
(hex)
Size Res. Unit Data type
Current transformer ratio
numerator
Current transformer ratio
denominator
Currency conversion factor 8CE2 2 0.01 Currency/
LED source (0 = active
energy, 1 = reactive energy)
Number of elements (values
1–3)
8C04 2 - Unsigned
8C08 2 - Unsigned
kWh
8CE4 1 - Unsigned
8CE5 1 - Unsigned
Unsigned
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Communication with Modbus
91
Operations
All registers in the following table are write only:
Quantity Details Start
Reg
(hex)
Reset power fail
counter
Reset power outage
time
Reset input counter Input 3 8F0B 1 Write the value 1 to
Reset input counter Input 4 8F0C 1 Write the value 1 to
Reset stored state input 3 8F13 1 Write the value 1 to
Reset stored state Input 4 8F14 1 Write the value 1 to
Reset resettable active
energy import
Reset resettable active
energy export
8F00 1 Write the value 1 to
8F05 1 Write the value 1 to
8F1B 1 Write the value 1 to
8F1C 1 Write the value 1 to
Size Action Data type
perform a reset
perform a reset
perform a reset
perform a reset
perform a reset
perform a reset
perform a reset
perform a reset
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Reset resettable
reactive energy import
Reset resettable
reactive energy export
Reset Load profile
channel 1
Reset Load profile
channel 2
Reset Load profile
channel 3
Reset Load profile
channel 4
Reset Load profile
channel 5
Reset Load profile
channel 6
Reset Load profile
channel 7
Reset Load profile
channel 8
8F1D 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
8F1E 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
8F21 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
8F22 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
8F23 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
8F24 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
8F25 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
8F26 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
8F27 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
8F28 1 Write the value 1 to
perform a reset
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Unsigned
Page 88
Communication with Modbus
92
DMTME
multimeters
Quantity Details Start
Reg
(hex)
Reset System log 8F31 1 Write the value 1 to
Reset Event log 8F32 1 Write the value 1 to
Reset Net quality log 8F33 1 Write the value 1 to
Reset Communication
log
8F34 1 Write the value 1 to
Size Action Data type
Unsigned
perform a reset
Unsigned
perform a reset
Unsigned
perform a reset
Unsigned
perform a reset
Parts of the Modbus mapping is compatible with the ABB DMTME multimeters.
All registers in the following table are read only:
Quantity Start Reg (Hex) Size Unit Data type
3-phase system voltage 1000 2 Volt Unsigned
Phase Voltage L1-N 1002 2 Volt Unsigned
Phase Voltage L2-N 1004 2 Volt Unsigned
Phase Voltage L3-N 1006 2 Volt Unsigned
Line Voltage L1-L2 1008 2 Volt Unsigned
Line Voltage L2-L3 100A 2 Volt Unsigned
Line Voltage L1-L3 100C 2 Volt Unsigned
Line Current L1 1010 2 mA Unsigned
Line Current L2 1012 2 mA Unsigned
Line Current L3 1014 2 mA Unsigned
3-Phase Sys. Power Factor 1016 2 *1000 Signed
Power Factor L1 1018 2 *1000 Signed
Power Factor L2 101A 2 *1000 Signed
power Factor L3 101C 2 *1000 Signed
3-Phase Sys. Apparent Power 1026 2 VA Unsigned
Apparent Power L1 1028 2 VA Unsigned
Apparent Power L2 102A 2 VA Unsigned
Apparent Power L3 102C 2 VA Unsigned
3-Phase Sys. Active Power 102E 2 Watt Unsigned
Active Power L1 1030 2 Watt Unsigned
Active Power L2 1032 2 Watt Unsigned
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Communication with Modbus
93
Quantity Start Reg (Hex) Size Unit Data type
Active Power L3 1034 2 Watt Unsigned
3-Phase Reactive power 1036 2 VAr Unsigned
Reactive Power L1 1038 2 VAr Unsigned
Reactive power L2 103A 2 VAr Unsigned
Reactive Power L3 103C 2 VAr Unsigned
3-Phase Sys. Active energy 103E 2 Wh*100 Unsigned
3-Phase Sys. Reactive energy 1040 2 VArh*100 Unsigned
Frequency 1046 2 mHz Unsigned
Current transformer ratio 11A0 2 1–999999 Unsigned
Page 90
9.4 Event logs
94
Communication with Modbus
General
Header registers
In the Modbus mapping Event log is organized as entries.
Entry number 1 is the most recent entry, entry number 2 is the second most recent,
and so on. Entry number 0 is not used.
Readout of event log is made by writing to a group of registers called Header and
reading from one or more groups of registers called Data blocks.
The Header is used for controlling readout with respect to entry numbers, and for
loading new entries into the Data blocks. The data blocks contain the actual data,
i.e. event log entries.
When there are no more entries to read all registers in the Data blocks are set to
0xFFFF.
There are a number of standard commands that are used in the same way when
reading out any type of historical data. These are represented by registers in the
Header, separately mapped for each functionality, but with the same names.
The following table describes the common header registers:
Function Size Description Data type Read/
write
Get next entry 1 Write the value 1 to this register to load
new values in the Data block(s)
Unsigned R/W
Get next entry
register
Entry number
register
Entry number 1 Write to this register to select an entry
number to start reading from
Direction 1 Write to this register to select the
direction of reading
Unsigned R/W
Unsigned R/W
The Get next entry register is used to continue an ongoing readout, which was
started by writing to any of the Entry number or Direction registers.
If the direction in Direction register is set to backward, then the Data block is
loaded with older data. And correspondingly, if the direction is set to forward then
the Data block is loaded with more recent data.
The Entry number register is used to specify an entry number to start reading
from. When a value is written to the Entry number register the Data block is
loaded with values for that entry number.
Subsequent writes to Get next entry register will update the Entry number register
(increment or decrement depending on direction in the Direction register), as well
as loading new values to the Data block.
The default value of Entry number register after a restart is 0.
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Communication with Modbus
95
Direction register
Mapping table
The Direction register is used to control the direction in time in which the entries
are read. Possible values are shown in the table below:
Value Description
0 Backwards, i.e. from recent entries towards older entries
1 Forward, i.e. from old entries towards recent entries
The default value of Entry number register after a restart is 0, i.e. backwards.
The following table shows an overview of the mapping table:
Log type Details Start Reg (Hex) Size
System log Header 6500 16
System log Data block 6510 105
Event log Header 65B0 16
Event log Data block 65C0 105
Audit log Header 6660 16
Audit log Data block 6670 105
Net quality log Header 6710 16
Header and data
block
Structure of the
header
Net quality log Data block 6720 105
Communication log Header 67C0 16
Communication log Data block 67D0 105
There is one pair of header and data block for each log type, located in the
registers listed in the mapping table above. In the tables showing the structure of
the header and data block below the register numbers are valid for the System log.
However the headers and data blocks for all log types share the same structure, so
the tables are applicable for all log types if the register numbers are exchanged to
correct values.
The following table describes the header:
Function Start
Reg
(Hex)
Get next block 6500 1 Write value 1 to this register to load
Entry number 6501 1 Write to this register to select an
Size Description Read/write
R/W
the next block of log entries
R/W
entry number to start reading from
Page 92
Communication with Modbus
96
Data block
Structure of the
data block
Function Start
Reg
(Hex)
Direction 6507 1 Write to this register to select the
Size Description Read/write
R/W
direction of reading
The data block contains the log entries, consisting of event counter, event
category and event id. There is space for up to 15 log entries in the data block. The
log is read by repeatedly loading new values into the data block in backward or
forward direction in time.
The event appearing in the first position in the data block has the entry number
indicated by Entry number register. In case of backwards reading the events in the
other positions follow in ascending entry number order, i.e. going towards older
events. In case of forward reading the events in the other positions follow in
descending entry number order, i.e. going towards more recent events.
The following table describes the structure of the data block:
Entry
position
Contents Start
Reg
(Hex)
Size Description
Category
1 Category 6513 1 The category of this log entry (exception,
warning, error or information).
1 Event id 6514 1 The id for this log entry, identifying what
has happened.
...
...
15 Category 6575 1 The category of this log entry (exception,
warning, error or information).
15 Event id 6576 1 The id for this log entry, identifying what
has happened.
Possible values for the category register are shown in the table below:
Category Description
1 Exception
2 Error
4 Warning
8 Information
Page 93
Communication with Modbus
97
9.4.1 Reading Event logs
General
Read the 15 most
recent logs
Read the entire
history
Readout of logs is controlled by the Entry number register. After writing to the
Entry number register, the log entries are available in the registers of the data
block. To get the next set of entries the Get next entry register is used.
Follow the steps in the table below to read the 15 most recent log entries:
Step Action
1 Write the value 1 to the entry number register.
2 Read the data block.
Follow the steps in the table below to read the entire history of logs, backwards
in time:
Step Action
1 Write the value 0 to the Entry number register to make sure the reading starts
from the most recent entry.
2 Write the value 1 to the Get next entry register.
3 Read the data block.
First time this step is performed the logs in the data block are the most recent
up to the 15th most recent. Second time this step is performed the logs in the
data block are the 16th to the 30th.
4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 until there are no more entries stored. When all entries
have been read, all registers in the data block are set to 0xFFFF.
N
Note – The entry number register is reset to 0 after a restart.
Page 94
9.5 Configuration
98
Communication with Modbus
Introduction
This section describes how to configure the following functions:
•Alarms
•Tariffs
9.5.1 Alarms
General
Alarm configuration registers
Alarm configuration defines the set of quantities to monitor. It is also defines the
threshold values, delays and actions to perform for each alarm. Each alarm is
configured individually.
The following table describes the group of registers for configuring the alarm
parameters:
Function Start
Alarm number 8C60 1 The number (identifier) for the alarm to
Quantity 8C61 3 The quantity to monitor R/W
Reg
(Hex)
Size Description Read/
write
R/W
configure
Quantity identifiers
Thresholds 8C64 8 ON and OFF thresholds to used to
decide when the alarm is active
Delays 8C6C 4 ON and OFF delays, defining the time
that the measured value must be above/
below the configured thresholds before
the alarm triggers
Actions 8C70 2 Actions to perform when alarm is
triggered
R/W
R/W
R/W
The following table lists the OBIS codes for the quantities that can be monitored
by an alarm:
Quantity OBIS code
Voltage L1 1.0.32.7.0.255
Voltage L2 1.0.52.7.0.255
Voltage L3 1.0.72.7.0.255
Voltage L1-L2 1.0.134.7.0.255
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Quantity OBIS code
Voltage L2-L3 1.0.135.7.0.255
Voltage L1-L3 1.0.136.7.0.255
Current L1 1.0.31.7.0.255
Current L2 1.0.51.7.0.255
Current L3 1.0.71.7.0.255
Current N 1.0.91.7.0.255
Active power total 1.0.16. 7.0.255
Active power L1 1.0.36. 7.0.255
Active power L2 1.0.56. 7.0.255
Active power L3 1.0.76. 7.0.255
Reactive power total 1.0.128. 7.0.255
Thresholds
registers
Reactive power L1 1.0.129. 7.0.255
Reactive power L2 1.0.130. 7.0.255
Reactive power L3 1.0.131. 7.0.255
Apparent power total 1.0.137. 7.0.255
Apparent power L1 1.0.138. 7.0.255
Apparent power L2 1.0.139. 7.0.255
Apparent power L3 1.0.140. 7.0.255
Power factor total 1.0.13.7.0.255
Power factor L1 1.0.33.7.0.255
Power factor L2 1.0.53.7.0.255
Power factor L3 1.0.73.7.0.255
Inactive (deactivates the alarm) 1.128.128.128.128.128
The Thresholds registers are used to read and write the ON and OFF threshold
values for an alarm. The scaling is the same as where the quantity appears in the
normal mapping tables. The first (lowest) 4 registers are the ON threshold and the
last 4 registers are the OFF threshold. Data type is signed 64 bit integer.
Delays registers
The Delays registers are used to read or write the ON and OFF delays for an
alarm. The delay is expressed in milliseconds. The first (lowest) 2 registers are the
ON delay and the last 2 registers are the OFF delay. Data type is unsigned 32 bit
integer.
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Actions registers
N
The Actions registers are used to read or write the actions to be performed when
an alarm triggers. The first (lowest) register holds the actions to perform. The
second register holds the number of the output to set, in case Set output action is
used.
Register nr (Hex) Bit number Description Possible values
8C72 0
(least significant
bit)
1 Set output 1 = use this action
2 Set bit in alarm register 1 = use this action
3–15 Not used
8C73 (Entire register) Number of the output to
Note – Both registers in the table above must be written in one operation, otherwise
the value will not take effect.
Write entry to log 1 = use this action
0 = don’t use
0 = don’t use
0 = don’t use
1–4
turn on. Ignored if Set
output bit above is set to 0.
Write alarm configuration
Follow the steps in the table below to configure the parameters for monitoring the
value of a number of quantities in the meter:
Step Action
1 Write the number of the alarm to configure to the Alarm number register. This
2 Write the OBIS code for the quantity to monitor to the Quantity registers.
3 Write the ON and OFF thresholds to the Thresholds registers.
4 Write the ON and OFF delays to the Delays registers.
5 Write the actions to perform to perform to the Action registers.
6 Repeat step 1 to 4 for all alarms that shall be used.
Read alarm
configuration
Follow the steps in the table below to read the current configuration of monitoring
parameters for alarms.
Step Action
1 Write the number of the alarm to read configuration for to the Alarm number
2 Read the Quantity registers to get the quantity monitored in the selected alarm.
is a value between 1 and 25.
register. This is a value between 1 and 25.
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Step Action
3 Read the Thresholds registers to get the ON and OFF thresholds.
4 Read the Delays registers to get the ON and OFF delays.
5 Read the Action registers to get the actions performed when an alarm is
triggered.
6 Repeat step 1 to 4 for all alarms.
9.5.2 Inputs and outputs
General
Mapping table
I/O port
configuration
registers
Inputs and outputs configuration defines the function for each physical I/O port.
It also defines the parameters for the logical pulse outputs.
The following table shows an overview of the mapping table:
Quantity Details Start Reg (Hex) Size
Inputs and outputs I/O port configuration 8C0C 2
Inputs and outputs Pulse output configuration 8C10 12
The following table describes the group of registers for configuring the function
for physical I/O ports:
Register Start
Reg
(Hex)
I/O port 1 8C0C 1 Function of first I/O port R/W
I/O port 2 8C0D 1 Function of second I/O port R/W
Size Description Read/
write
The following table lists the possible values for I/O port function:
Value Function
1 Communication output
2 Alarm output
3 Pulse output
4 Tariff output
5 Output always ON
6 Output always OFF
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Pulse output
configuration
registers
The following table describes the group of registers for configuring the pulse
outputs:
Function Start
Reg
(Hex)
Pulse output
instance
Port number 8C11 1 The physical I/O port on which the
Energy quantity 8C12 3 The OBIS code for the quantity R/W
Pulse frequency
active energy
Pulse frequency
reactive energy
Pulse length 8C19 2 The duration of a pulse, measured in
Turn off pulse
output
8C10 1 The instance number of the pulse output R/W
8C15 2 The pulse frequency, measured in
8C17 2 The pulse frequency, measured in
8C1B 1 Write the value 1 to this register to turn
Size Description Read/
write
R/W
pulses are sent out
R/W
pulses/kWh with 3 decimals. This is
relevant only if Energy quantity is set to
active energy.
R/W
pulses/kvarh with 3 decimals. This is
relevant only if Energy quantity is set to
reactive energy.
R/W
milliseconds
R/W
off the selected pulse output instance
Selectable energy
quantities
Write pulse
output
configuration
The table below lists the possible energy quantities to associate with a pulse
output:
Quantity OBIS code
Active energy import total 1.0.1.8.0.255
Active energy export total 1.0.2.8.0.255
Reactive energy import total 1.0.3.8.0.255
Reactive energy export total 1.0.4.8.0.255
Follow the steps in the table below to configure the pulse outputs:
Step Action
1 Select the pulse output instance to configure by writing a number to the Pulse
output instance register. Allowed values are 1–4.
2 Write to the Port number register to decide to which physical port the pulses are
sent out for the selected pulse output. Allowed values are 0–4, where 0 means
No Output.
3 Write the OBIS code of the quantity that shall be used for the selected pulse
output to the Energy quantity registers. Possible OBIS codes are listed above.
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Step Action
4 Write the desired pulse frequency to the Pulse frequency active or reactive
energy registers, depending on the selected energy type.
5 Write the desired pulse length to the Pulse length registers.
6 Repeat steps 1 to 5 for all pulse outputs.
Turn off a pulse
output
Read pulse
output
configuration
Follow the steps in the table below to turn off a pulse output instance:
Step Action
1 Select the pulse output instance to configure by writing a number to the Pulse
output instance register. Allowed values are 1–4.
2 Write the value 1 to the Turn off pulse output register.
Follow the steps in the table below to read the current pulse output configuration:
Step Action
1 Select the pulse output instance to read configuration for by writing a number
to the Pulse output instance register. Allowed values are 1–4.
2 Read the Port number register to get the I/O port number used by the selected
pulse output instance.
3 Read the Energy quantity registers to get the OBIS code of the quantity used
for the selected pulse output instance.
4 Read the Pulse frequency active or reactive energy registers, depending on the
selected energy type, to get the pulse frequency used by the selected pulse
output instance.
5 Read the Pulse length registers to get the pulse length used by the selected
pulse output instance.
6 Repeat steps 1 to 5 for all pulse outputs.
9.5.3 Tariffs
General
Mapping table
Tariff configuration defines the currently used tariff source, i.e. communication
or inputs. It also defines the settings that are specific for each of these sources.
The following table shows an overview of the mapping table:
Quantity Details Start Reg (Hex) Size
Tariffs Tariff source 8C90 1
Tariffs Input configuration 8C91 1
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Tariff source
register
Input
configuration
register
The Tariff source register is used to read or write the source used for controlling
the tariffs. Possible values are listed in the table below:
Value Description
1 Communication
2 Inputs
The Input configuration register is used for reading and writing tariff input
configuration. It decides how many tariffs are used, and which tariff is activated
for every combination of values on the inputs. The following table describes the
contents of the Input configuration register:
Byte Bits Description Possible values
0 (high byte) Entire
byte
1 (low byte) 0–1* Tariff to activate when both
2–3* Tariff to activate when input 3 is
4–5* Tariff to activate when input 3 is
The number of tariffs to use 1–4
0–3 (0 = tariff 1, etc)
inputs are OFF
0–3
ON and input 4 is OFF
0–3
OFF and input 4 is ON
6–7* Tariff to activate when both
inputs are ON
* Bit 0 is the least significant bit.
0–3
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