April 2012
Version 8.6.77
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Aprisa XE User Manual
Copyright
Copyright © 2012 4RF Limited. All rights reserved.
This document is protected by copyright belonging to 4RF Limited and may not be reproduced or
republished in whole or part in any form without the prior written permission of 4RF Limited.
Trademarks
Aprisa and the 4RF logo are trademarks of 4RF Limited.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries. Java
and all Java-related trademarks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the
United States and other countries. All other marks are the property of their respective owners.
GoAhead WebServer. Copyright © 2000 GoAhead Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Disclaimer
Although every precaution has been taken preparing this information, 4RF Limited assumes no liability for
errors and omissions, or any damages resulting from use of this information. This document or the
equipment may change, without notice, in the interests of improving the product.
RoHS and WEEE Compliance
The Aprisa XE is fully compliant with the European Commission’s RoHS (Restriction of Certain Hazardous
Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment) and WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment)
environmental directives.
Restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS)
The RoHS Directive prohibits the sale in the European Union of electronic equipment containing these
hazardous substances: lead*, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs),
and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs).
4RF Limited has worked with its component suppliers to ensure compliance with the RoHS Directive which
came into effect on the 1st July 2006.
*The European Commission Technical Adaptation Committee (TAC) has exempted lead in solder for highreliability applications for which viable lead-free alternatives have not yet been identified. The exemption
covers communications network infrastructure equipment, which includes 4RF Limited Aprisa XE
microwave radios.
End-of-life recycling programme (WEEE)
The WEEE Directive concerns the recovery, reuse, and recycling of electronic and electrical equipment.
Under the Directive, used equipment must be marked, collected separately, and disposed of properly.
4RF Limited has instigated a programme to manage the reuse, recycling, and recovery of waste in an
environmentally safe manner using processes that comply with the WEEE Directive (EU Waste Electrical
and Electronic Equipment 2002/96/EC).
4RF Limited invites questions from customers and partners on its environmental programmes and
compliance with the European Commission’s Directives (sales@4RF.com).
2 |
Aprisa XE User Manual
Radio performance
EN 302 217 Parts 1, 2.1, and 2.2
EMC
EN 301 489 Parts 1 & 4
Environmental
EN 300 019, Class 3.2
Safety
EN 60950
An Aprisa XE radio terminal operating in the following frequency bands / channel sizes
has been tested and is compliant to the ETSI radio specifications and suitably displays
the CE logo.
Other bands are compliant to the same radio performance specifications as adapted by
4RF Limited and therefore may be used in regions where compliance requirements
demand CE performance at other frequencies.
Frequency band
Channel size
Power input
Notified
body
300 MHz
400 MHz
25 kHz, 50 kHz, 75 kHz, 125 kHz,
150 kHz, 250 kHz, 500 kHz,
1.0 MHz, 1.75 MHz, 3.50 MHz
12 VDC, 24 VDC,
48 VDC, 115/230 VAC
Notified
Body 0678
600 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
500 kHz
12 VDC, 24 VDC,
48 VDC, 115/230 VAC
Notified
Body 0678
1400 MHz
75 kHz, 150 kHz, 250 kHz,
500 kHz, 1.0 MHz, 1.75 MHz,
3.50 MHz, 7 MHz
12 VDC, 12 VDC LP,
24 VDC, 48 VDC,
115/230 VAC
1800 MHz
2000 MHz
2500 MHz
250 kHz, 500 kHz, 1.0 MHz,
1.75 MHz, 3.50 MHz, 7 MHz,
14 MHz
12 VDC, 24 VDC,
48 VDC, 115/230 VAC
Compliance General
The Aprisa XE digital radio predominantly operates within frequency bands that require a site license be
issued by the radio regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the territory in which the equipment is
being operated.
It is the responsibility of the user, before operating the equipment, to ensure that where required the
appropriate license has been granted and all conditions attendant to that license have been met.
Changes or modifications not approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s
authority to operate the equipment.
Equipment authorizations sought by 4RF Limited are based on the Aprisa XE radio equipment being
installed at a fixed location and operated in a continuous point-to-point mode within the environmental
profile defined by EN 300 019, Class 3.2. Operation outside these criteria may invalidate the
authorizations and / or license conditions.
The term ‘Terminal’ with reference to the Aprisa XE User Manual, is a generic term for one end of a fixed
point-to-point Aprisa XE link and does not confer any rights to connect to any public network or to operate
the equipment within any territory.
Compliance ETSI
The Aprisa XE radio terminal is designed to comply with the European Telecommunications Standards
Institute (ETSI) specifications as follows:
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Aprisa XE User Manual
Dansk
Undertegnede 4RF Limited erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr Aprisa Radio
overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Deutsch
Hiermit erklärt 4RF Limited, dass sich dieses Aprisa Radio in Übereinstimmung
mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den anderen relevanten
Vorschriften der Richtlinie 1999/5/EG befindet. (BMWi)
Dutch
Hierbij verklaart 4RF Limited dat het toestel Aprisa Radio in
overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de andere relevante
bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EG.
English
Hereby, 4RF Limited, declares that this Aprisa Radio equipment is in
compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of
Directive 1999/5/EC.
Español
Por medio de la presente 4RF Limited declara que el Aprisa Radio cumple con
los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables o
exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.
λληνας
ΜΕ ΣΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΤΑ 4RF Limited ΔΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΣΙ Aprisa Radio ΤΜΜΟΡΥΩΝΣΑΙ
ΠΡΟ ΣΙ ΟΤΙΩΔΕΙ ΑΠΑΙΣΗΕΙ ΚΑΙ ΣΙ ΔΟΙΠΕ ΦΕΣΙΚΕ ΔΙΑΣΑΞΕΙ ΣΗ
ΟΣΗΓΙΑ 1995/5/ΚΕ.
Français
Par la présente 4RF Limited déclare que l'appareil Aprisa Radio est conformé
aux exigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la
directive 1999/5/CE.
Italiano
Con la presente 4RF Limited dichiara che questo Aprisa Radio è conforme ai
requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva
1999/5/CE.
Português
4RF Limited declara que este Aprisa Radio está conforme com os requisitos
essenciais e outras provisões da Directiva 1999/5/CE.
Suomalainen
4RF Limited vakuuttaa täten että Aprisa Radio tyyppinen laite on direktiivin
1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien direktiivin muiden
ehtojen mukainen.
Svensk
Härmed intygar 4RF Limited att denna Aprisa Radio står I överensstämmelse
med de väsentliga egenskapskrav och övriga relevanta bestämmelser som
framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EG.
Informal Declaration of Conformity
A formal Declaration of Conformity document is shipped with each Aprisa XE terminal.
4 |
Aprisa XE User Manual
Radio performance / EMC
(dependant on variant)
47CFR part 90 Private Land Mobile Radio Services
47CFR part 101 Fixed Microwave Services
47CFR part 27 Misc Wireless Communication Services
47CFR part 15 Radio Frequency Devices
Safety
EN 60950
Frequency band
limits
Channel
size
Power input
Authorization
FCC ID
421 MHz to
512 MHz
25 kHz
48 VDC
Part 90 Certification
UIPN0400025A0200A
932.5 MHz to
944 MHz
100 kHz,
200 kHz
24 VDC,
48 VDC,
110 VAC
Part 101 Verification
-
2314.5 MHz to
2317.5 MHz
2346.5 MHz to
2349.5 MHz
250 kHz,
500 kHz
24 VDC,
48 VDC,
110 VAC
Part 27 Certification
UIPN2500AAAA0200A
Radio performance
(dependant on variant)
RSS-GEN
RSS-119
EMC
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian
standard ICES-003
Safety
EN 60950
Frequency band
limits
Channel
size
Power input
Authorization
IC ID
932.5 MHz to
944 MHz
100 kHz,
200 kHz
24 VDC,
48 VDC,
110 VAC
RSS-119
6772A-N09AAACC
406.1 MHz to
430 MHz
450 MHz to
470 MHz
25 kHz,
75 kHz,
150 kHz
12 VDC
24 VDC,
48 VDC,
110 VAC
RSS-119
6772A-N04AAAEC
Compliance FCC
The Aprisa XE radio terminal is designed to comply with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
specifications as follows:
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be
required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Compliance Industry Canada
The Aprisa XE radio terminal is designed to comply with Industry Canada (IC) specifications as follows:
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Aprisa XE User Manual
WARNING:
The installer and / or user of Aprisa XE radio terminals shall ensure that a separation
distance as given in the following table is maintained between the main axis of the
terminal’s antenna and the body of the user or nearby persons.
Minimum separation distances given are based on the maximum values of the
following methodologies:
1. Maximum Permissible Exposure non-occupational limit (B or general public) of
47 CFR 1.1310 and the methodology of FCC’s OST/OET Bulletin number 65.
2. Reference levels as given in Annex III, European Directive on the limitation of
exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz)
(1999/519/EC). These distances will ensure indirect compliance with the
requirements of EN 50385:2002.
Frequency
(MHz)
Maximum power
(dBm)
Maximum
antenna gain
(dBi)
Maximum power
density
(mW/cm2)
Minimum
separation
distance
(m)
400
+ 35
15
0.20
2.0
512
+ 35
15
0.26
1.8
715
+ 34
15
0.36
1.3
806
+ 34
28
0.40
5.6
890
+ 34
28
0.45
5.3
960
+ 34
28
0.48
5.1
1550
+ 34
33
0.78
7.2
2300
+ 34
37
1.00
10.0
2700
+ 34
38
1.00
11.2
RF Exposure Warning
Contents | 7
Aprisa XE User Manual
Contents
1. Getting Started .......................................................................... 15
2. Introduction .............................................................................. 19
About This Manual ............................................................................... 19
What It Covers ............................................................................ 19
Who Should Read It ...................................................................... 19
Contact Us ................................................................................. 19
What's in the Box ................................................................................ 19
Aprisa XE CD Contents ................................................................... 20
Accessory Kit .............................................................................. 21
3. Preparation............................................................................... 23
Path Planning .................................................................................... 23
Antenna Selection and Siting ........................................................... 23
Coaxial Feeder Cables ................................................................... 26
Link Budget ................................................................................ 26
Site Requirements ............................................................................... 27
Power Supply .............................................................................. 27
Equipment Cooling ....................................................................... 27
Earthing and Lightning Protection ..................................................... 28
4. About the Terminal..................................................................... 29
Introduction ...................................................................................... 29
Modules ........................................................................................... 30
Front Panel Connections and Indicators ..................................................... 31
Interface Card Types............................................................................ 32
5. Mounting and Installing the Terminal .............................................. 33
Required Tools ................................................................................... 33
Installing the Terminal ......................................................................... 33
Installing the Antenna and Feeder Cable .................................................... 34
External Alarms .................................................................................. 35
Alarm Circuit Setup ...................................................................... 35
Interface Cabling ................................................................................ 36
Power Supplies................................................................................... 37
DC Power Supply.......................................................................... 37
AC Power Supply .......................................................................... 40
Safety Earth ............................................................................... 42
Bench Setup ...................................................................................... 43
8 | Contents
Aprisa XE User Manual
6. Connecting to the Terminal .......................................................... 45
Connecting to the Terminal's Setup Port .................................................... 45
Connecting to the Terminal's Ethernet Interface ........................................... 48
PC Requirements for SuperVisor ....................................................... 49
PC Settings for SuperVisor .............................................................. 50
IP Addressing of Terminals ..................................................................... 53
Network IP Addressing .......................................................................... 54
Same Subnet as the Local PC ........................................................... 54
Different Subnet as the Local PC ...................................................... 55
7. Managing the Terminal ................................................................ 57
The Setup Menu ................................................................................. 57
SuperVisor ........................................................................................ 59
SuperVisor Logging In .................................................................... 60
SuperVisor Logging Out .................................................................. 61
SuperVisor Main Screen ......................................................................... 62
Changing the Terminal’s IP Address .......................................................... 64
Setting Up Users ................................................................................. 65
User groups ................................................................................ 65
Adding a User ............................................................................. 65
Disabling a User........................................................................... 66
Deleting a User ........................................................................... 66
Saving User Information ................................................................. 66
Changing Passwords ...................................................................... 67
Viewing User Session Details ............................................................ 67
8. Configuring the Terminal ............................................................. 69
Configuring the RF Settings .................................................................... 69
Modem Performance Settings........................................................... 72
Entering Basic Terminal Information ......................................................... 74
Configuring the IP Settings ..................................................................... 75
Setting the Terminal Clocking ................................................................. 76
Setting the Duplexer Parameters ............................................................. 79
Setting the RSSI Alarm Threshold ............................................................. 80
Configuring the External Alarms .............................................................. 81
Configuring the External Alarm Inputs ................................................ 81
Configuring the External Alarm Outputs .............................................. 83
Configuring SNMP Settings ..................................................................... 85
SNMP Access Controls .................................................................... 86
SNMP Trap Destinations ................................................................. 87
Viewing the SNMP Traps ................................................................. 88
Viewing the SNMP MIB Details .......................................................... 88
Saving the Terminal's Configuration .......................................................... 89
Contents | 9
Aprisa XE User Manual
9. Configuring the Traffic Interfaces .................................................. 91
Viewing a Summary of the Interfaces ........................................................ 91
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces ............................................................ 92
Ethernet Switch ................................................................................. 93
VLAN tagging .............................................................................. 93
Quality of Service ........................................................................ 96
Viewing the Status of the Ethernet Ports ........................................... 100
Resetting the Ethernet Settings ...................................................... 100
Ethernet Port Startup .................................................................. 101
QJET Port Settings ............................................................................ 102
Q4EM Port Settings ............................................................................ 104
Loop Interface Circuits ....................................................................... 107
DFXO / DFXS Loop Interface Circuits ................................................ 107
E1 CAS to DFXS Circuits ................................................................ 110
DFXS to DFXS Hotline Circuits ........................................................ 110
DFXS Port Settings ...................................................................... 112
DFXO Port Settings ..................................................................... 120
QV24 Serial Interface Card ................................................................... 128
QV24 Port Settings ..................................................................... 129
QV24S Port Settings .................................................................... 130
HSS Port Settings .............................................................................. 133
HSS Handshaking and Clocking Modes ...................................................... 135
HSS Handshaking and Control Line Function ....................................... 135
HSS Synchronous Clock Selection Modes ............................................ 138
10 | Contents
Aprisa XE User Manual
10. Cross Connections ..................................................................... 145
Embedded Cross Connect Switch............................................................ 145
Link Capacity Utilization .............................................................. 145
The Cross Connections Application ......................................................... 145
The Cross Connections System Requirements ...................................... 145
Installing the Cross Connections Application ....................................... 146
Opening the Cross Connections Application ........................................ 146
The Cross Connections Page .......................................................... 147
Setting the Terminal's IP Address .................................................... 149
Management and User Ethernet Capacity........................................... 150
Setting Card Types ..................................................................... 151
Getting Cross Connection Configuration from the Terminals .................... 151
Creating Cross Connections ........................................................... 152
Sending Cross Connection Configuration to the Terminals ....................... 155
Saving Cross Connection Configurations ............................................ 155
Using Existing Cross Connection Configurations ................................... 155
Printing the Cross Connection Configuration ....................................... 156
Deleting Cross Connections ........................................................... 157
Configuring the Traffic Cross Connections ................................................. 158
Compatible Interfaces ................................................................. 158
QJET Cross Connections ............................................................... 159
Selecting and Mapping Bits and Timeslots .......................................... 166
Q4EM Cross Connections ............................................................... 170
DFXS and DFXO Cross Connections ................................................... 171
QV24 Cross Connections ............................................................... 172
QV24S Cross Connections .............................................................. 173
HSS Cross Connections ................................................................. 174
Cross Connection Example ................................................................... 175
Symmetrical Connection Wizard ............................................................ 176
Starting the Cross Connections Wizard .............................................. 176
Cross Connections Wizard Navigation ............................................... 176
Setting the Cross Connections IP Address ........................................... 177
Setting the Cross Connections Bandwidth .......................................... 177
Cross Connections Card Selection .................................................... 178
Cross Connections Interface Configurations ........................................ 179
Symmetrical Connection Summary................................................... 180
Send Symmetrical Connection Configuration ....................................... 180
11. Protected Terminals .................................................................. 181
Monitored Hot Stand By (MHSB) ............................................................. 181
Tributary Switch Front Panel ......................................................... 182
RF Switch Front Panel ................................................................. 183
MHSB Cabling............................................................................ 185
MHSB Power Supply .................................................................... 185
Configuring the Radios for Protected Mode ........................................ 186
Hitless Space Diversity (HSD) ................................................................ 190
HSD Terminal Cabling .................................................................. 191
HSD Terminal IP Addresses ............................................................ 192
Contents | 11
Aprisa XE User Manual
12. In-Service Commissioning ............................................................ 197
Before You Start ............................................................................... 197
What You Will Need .................................................................... 197
Applying Power to the Terminals ........................................................... 198
Review the Link Configurations Using SuperVisor ........................................ 198
Antenna Alignment ............................................................................ 199
Checking the Antenna Polarization .................................................. 199
Visually Aligning Antennas ............................................................ 200
Accurately Aligning the Antennas .................................................... 201
Checking Performance ................................................................. 203
Checking the Receive Input Level .................................................... 203
Checking the Fade Margin ............................................................. 204
Checking the Long-Term BER ......................................................... 205
Bit Error Rate Tests .................................................................... 205
Additional Tests ........................................................................ 206
Checking the Link Performance ...................................................... 207
Viewing a Summary of the Link Performance ...................................... 208
Saving the History of the Link Performance ........................................ 209
13. Maintenance ............................................................................ 213
Routine Maintenance ......................................................................... 213
Terminal Upgrades ............................................................................ 214
Software Upgrade Process ............................................................ 215
Uploading the Root File System ...................................................... 216
Uploading the Motherboard Images .................................................. 216
Identifying the Correct TFTP Upgrade Type ........................................ 217
TFTP Upgrade Process Types ......................................................... 220
Uploading System Files ................................................................ 226
Viewing the Image Table .............................................................. 231
Changing the Status of an Image File................................................ 232
Rebooting the Terminal ...................................................................... 233
Support Summary.............................................................................. 234
Installing Interface Cards .................................................................... 235
Preparing the Terminal for New Interface Cards .................................. 236
Installing an Interface Card ........................................................... 238
Configuring a Slot ...................................................................... 240
14. Troubleshooting ........................................................................ 241
Loopbacks ...................................................................................... 241
RF Radio Loopback ..................................................................... 241
Interface Loopbacks ................................................................... 242
Timeslot Loopbacks .................................................................... 243
Alarms........................................................................................... 244
Diagnosing Alarms ...................................................................... 244
Viewing the Alarm History ............................................................ 246
Saving the Alarm History .............................................................. 247
Viewing Interface Alarms.............................................................. 248
Clearing Alarms ......................................................................... 249
Identifying Causes of Alarms .......................................................... 250
E1 / T1 Alarm Conditions.............................................................. 252
System Log ..................................................................................... 253
Checking the Syslog .................................................................... 253
Setting up for Remote Logging ....................................................... 255
12 | Contents
Aprisa XE User Manual
15. Interface Connections ................................................................ 257
RJ-45 Connector Pin Assignments ........................................................... 257
Interface Traffic Direction ................................................................... 257
QJET Interface Connections ................................................................. 258
Ethernet Interface Connections ............................................................. 259
Q4EM Interface Connections ................................................................. 260
E&M Signalling Types .................................................................. 261
DFXS Interface Connections.................................................................. 263
DFXO Interface Connections ................................................................. 264
HSS Interface Connections ................................................................... 265
Synchronous cable assemblies ........................................................ 266
Cable WAN Connectors ................................................................ 272
QV24 Interface connections ................................................................. 273
QV24S Interface connections ................................................................ 273
16. Alarm Types and Sources ............................................................ 275
Alarm Types .................................................................................... 275
Transmitter Alarms..................................................................... 275
Receiver Alarms ........................................................................ 277
MUX Alarms .............................................................................. 280
Modem Alarms .......................................................................... 280
Motherboard Alarms ................................................................... 280
QJET Alarms ............................................................................. 281
DFXO Alarms ............................................................................ 281
DFXS Alarms ............................................................................. 281
HSS Alarms .............................................................................. 282
QV24 Alarms............................................................................. 282
External Alarm Inputs .................................................................. 282
Remote Terminal Alarms .............................................................. 282
Cross Connect Alarms .................................................................. 283
MHSB Alarms ............................................................................ 283
HSD Alarms .............................................................................. 283
Software Alarms ........................................................................ 284
17. Country Specific Settings ............................................................ 285
Contents | 13
Aprisa XE User Manual
18. Specifications ........................................................................... 287
RF Specifications .............................................................................. 287
ETSI ....................................................................................... 287
FCC ....................................................................................... 294
Industry Canada ........................................................................ 297
Receiver Performance ................................................................. 301
Duplexers ................................................................................ 301
Interface Specifications ...................................................................... 302
Ethernet Interface ..................................................................... 302
QJET Quad E1 / T1 Interface ......................................................... 303
Q4EM Quad 4 Wire E&M Interface .................................................... 304
DFXO Dual Foreign Exchange Office Interface ..................................... 305
DFXS Dual Foreign Exchange Subscriber Interface ................................. 307
QV24 Quad V.24 Serial Data Interface .............................................. 309
QV24S Quad V.24 Serial Data Interface ............................................. 309
HSS Single High Speed Synchronous Data Interface ............................... 310
External Alarm Interfaces ............................................................. 310
Auxiliary Interfaces .................................................................... 310
Power Specifications .......................................................................... 311
AC Power Supply ........................................................................ 311
DC Power Supply........................................................................ 311
Power Consumption .................................................................... 312
Protection System Specifications ........................................................... 314
MHSB Protection ........................................................................ 314
HSD Protection .......................................................................... 314
General Specifications ........................................................................ 315
Environmental .......................................................................... 315
Mechanical .............................................................................. 315
ETSI Compliance ........................................................................ 315
19. Product End Of Life ................................................................... 317
End-of-Life Recycling Programme (WEEE) ................................................. 317
The WEEE Symbol Explained .......................................................... 317
WEEE Must Be Collected Separately ................................................. 317
YOUR ROLE in the Recovery of WEEE ................................................ 317
EEE Waste Impacts the Environment and Health .................................. 317
20. Abbreviations ........................................................................... 319
21. Acknowledgments and Licensing ................................................... 321
22. Commissioning Form .................................................................. 327
23. Index ...................................................................................... 329
Getting Started | 15
Aprisa XE User Manual
Phase 1: Pre-installation
1.
Confirm path planning.
Page 23
2.
Ensure that the site preparation is complete:
Power requirements
Tower requirements
Environmental considerations, for example, temperature control
Rack space
Page 26
3.
Confirm the interface card configuration.
Phase 2: Installing the terminals
1.
Before installing the terminal into the rack, check that all the required
interface cards are fitted.
Position and mount the terminal in the rack.
Page 33
2.
Connect earthing to the terminal.
Page 28
3.
Confirm that the:
Antenna is mounted and visually aligned.
Feeder cable is connected to the antenna.
Feeder connections are tightened to recommended level.
Tower earthing is complete.
4.
Install lightning protection.
Page 28
5.
Connect the coaxial jumper cable between the lightning protection and
the terminal duplexer.
6.
Connect the power supply to the terminal and apply power.
Page 35
1. Getting Started
This section is an overview of the steps required to commission a link in the field.
16 | Getting Started
Aprisa XE User Manual
Phase 3: Establishing the link
1.
If you don't know the terminal's IP address :
Connect the setup cable between the terminal's Setup port and the PC
using accessory kit adaptor.
Use HyperTerminal to confirm the IP settings for the terminal:
Local IP address
Local subnet mask
Remote terminal IP address
Reboot the terminal
Page 58
2.
Connect the Ethernet cable between the terminal's 4-port Ethernet
switch and the PC.
3.
Confirm that the PC IP settings are correct for the 4-port Ethernet
switch:
IP address
subnet mask
Page 50
4.
Confirm that Java is installed on the PC.
Page 49
5.
Start the web browser, and log into the terminal.
Page 60
6.
Set or confirm the RF characteristics:
TX and RX frequencies
Modulation type
TX output power
Page 69
7.
Compare the actual RSSI to the expected RSSI value (from your path
planning).
8.
Fine-align the antennas.
Page 201
9.
Confirm that the terminal clock sources are set correctly.
Page 73
10.
Confirm that the TX and RX LEDs are green. Disregard the OK LED status
for now.
Getting Started | 17
Aprisa XE User Manual
Phase 4: Configuring the traffic
1.
Confirm that the interface hardware and software slot configurations
match.
2.
Confirm the interface card settings.
Page 92
3.
Open the Cross Connections application and configure the cross
connections:
Download the configuration.
Confirm or modify the traffic cross connections.
Save the configuration to the terminal.
Activate the configuration.
Page 146
4.
Save the configuration to disk and close the Cross Connections
application.
Page 155
5.
Connect the connection of interface cables.
6.
Confirm or adjust the terminal clocking for network synchronization, if
required.
7.
Test that the traffic is passing over the link as configured.
8.
Confirm or configure the external alarm settings in SuperVisor.
Page 81
9.
Setup an external alarm connection cable, if required.
10.
Reset any alarms and error counters.
Page 244
11.
Perform traffic pre-commissioning tests (optional)
12.
Complete the commissioning form (at the back of the manual) and file.
Page 327
Introduction | 19
Aprisa XE User Manual
4RF Limited
26 Glover Street, Ngauranga
PO Box 13-506
Wellington 6032
New Zealand
E-mail
support@4rf.com
Web site
www.4rf.com
Telephone
+64 4 499 6000
Facsimile
+64 4 473 4447
Attention
Customer Services
2. Introduction
About This Manual
What It Covers
This user manual describes how to install and configure Aprisa XE fixed point-to-point digital radio links.
It specifically documents an Aprisa XE terminal running system software version 8.6.77.
It is recommended that you read the relevant sections of this manual before installing or operating the
terminal.
Who Should Read It
This manual has been written for professional field technicians and engineers who have an appropriate
level of education and experience.
Contact Us
If you experience any difficulty installing or using Aprisa XE after reading this manual, please contact
Customer Support or your local 4RF representative.
Our area representative contact details are available from our website:
What's in the Box
Inside the box you will find:
Aprisa XE terminal
Accessory kit
Aprisa CD
Aprisa XE Quick Start Guide
Commissioning Form
Configuration sheet
20 | Introduction
Aprisa XE User Manual
Aprisa XE CD Contents
The Aprisa XE CD contains the following:
Software
The latest version of the terminal software (see ‘Terminal Upgrades’ on page 214)
The Cross Connections application - required if you want to use the Cross Connections application
offline (see ‘Installing Cross Connections application’ on page 146).
Java VM - Java plug-in needed to run the Supervisor software.
Web browsers - Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer are included for your convenience.
Adobe™ Acrobat® Reader® which you need to view the PDF files on the Aprisa CD.
Documentation
User manual — an electronic (PDF) version for you to view online or print.
Product collateral — application overviews, product description, quick start guide, case studies,
software release notes and white papers.
Tools
Surveyor - a path propagation calculator developed by 4RF (see ‘Path planning’ on page 23).
XEpower – a power consumption model program.
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Aprisa XE User Manual
Two mounting brackets and screws
Two interface slot blanking plates
Setup cable (RJ-45 to RJ-45) 2 m
and RS-232 DB9 female adaptor
Hardware kit
(includes Allen key for fascia screws)
Accessory Kit
The accessory kit contains the following items:
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Aprisa XE User Manual
Alarm cable (RJ-45 to RJ-45) 5 m
Ground cable 5 m
DC power cable 3 m
(for use with the ±48 VDC, ±24 and
12 VDC low power power supplies)
AC power cable 2 m
(for use with the 110 / 230 VAC
power supply)
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Aprisa XE User Manual
Factor
Explanation
Frequency
Often used in 1350-2700 MHz bands
Gain
Varies with size (17 dBi to 30 dBi
typical)
Wind loading
Can be significant
Tower aperture required
Can be significant
Size
Range from 0.6 m to 3 m diameter
Front to back ratio
Good
Cost
High
3. Preparation
Path Planning
Proper path planning is essential. When considering the components of your radio system, think about:
antenna selection and siting
coaxial cable selection
link budget
You can also use Surveyor to help you with path feasibility planning.
Surveyor is a path propagation calculator developed by 4RF to assist path planners quickly and efficiently
verify the viability of point-to-point transmission links deploying the Aprisa microwave radio systems.
The software program calculates the anticipated link performance for the transmission system elements
you have selected. However, it is not a substitute for in-depth path planning.
You will find Surveyor a valuable addition to your planning toolbox.
A copy of Surveyor is provided on the Aprisa CD supplied with this manual. You can download updates from
www.4rf.com.
Antenna Selection and Siting
Selecting and siting antennas are important considerations in your system design.
There are three main types of directional antenna that are commonly used with the radios parabolic grid,
Yagi and corner reflector antennas.
The antenna that should be used for a particular situation is determined primarily by the frequency of
operation and the gain required to establish a reliable link.
Parabolic Grid Antennas
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Aprisa XE User Manual
Factor
Explanation
Frequency
Often used in 330-960 MHz bands
Gain
Varies with size (typically 11 dBi to 16
dBi)
Stackable gain increase
2 Yagi antennas (+ 2.8 dB)
4 Yagi antennas (+ 5.6 dB)
Wind loading
Less than a parabolic grid antenna
Tower aperture required
Unstacked: Less than a parabolic grid
antenna
Stacked: about the same as a
parabolic grid antenna
Size
Range from 0.6 m to 3 m in length
Front to back ratio
Low
Cost
Low
Yagi Antennas
It is possible to increase the gain of a Yagi antenna installation by placing two or more of them in a stack.
The relative position of the antennas is critical.
Example of stacked antennas
Preparation | 25
Aprisa XE User Manual
Factor
Explanation
Frequency
Often used in 330-960 MHz bands
Gain
Typically 10 dBd
Wind loading
Less than a parabolic grid antenna
Tower aperture required
About the same as a parabolic grid
antenna
Size
Range from 0.36 m to 0.75 m in length
Front to back ratio
High (typically 30 dB)
Beamwidth
Broad (up to 60°)
Cost
Medium
Corner Reflector Antennas
Antenna Siting
When siting antennas, consider the following points:
A site with a clear line of sight to the remote terminal is needed. Pay particular attention to trees,
buildings, and other obstructions close to the antenna site.
Example of a clear line-of-sight path
Any large flat areas that reflect RF energy along the link path, for instance, water, could cause
multipath fading. If the link path crosses a feature that is likely to cause RF reflections, shield the
antenna from the reflected signals by positioning it on the far side of the roof of the equipment
shelter or other structure.
Example of a mid-path reflection path
The antenna site should be as far as possible from other potential sources of RF interference such as
electrical equipment, power lines and roads.
The antenna site should be as close as possible to the equipment shelter.
Note: Wide angle and zoom photographs taken at the proposed antenna location (looking down the
proposed path), can be useful when considering the best mounting positions.
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Aprisa XE User Manual
Factor
Effect
Attenuation
Short cables and larger diameter cables have less attenuation
Cost
Smaller diameter cables are cheaper
Ease of installation
Easier with smaller diameter cables or short cables
Coaxial Feeder Cables
To ensure maximum performance, it is recommended that you use good quality low-loss coaxial cable for
all feeder runs. For installations requiring long antenna cable runs, use Andrew Heliax™ or equivalent.
When using large diameter feeders, use a short flexible jumper cable between the feeder and the
terminal to reduce stress on the antenna port connector.
All coaxial cable has loss, that is, the RF energy traveling through it is attenuated. Generally speaking, the
larger the diameter of the cable, the less the loss. When selecting a coaxial cable consider the following:
When running cables:
Run coaxial cable from the installation to the antenna, ensuring you leave enough extra cable at each
end to allow drip loops to be formed.
For 19-inch rack mount installations, cables may be run from the front of the rack directly onto the
antenna port. They may also be run through the back of the rack to the front.
Terminate and earth or ground the cables in accordance with the manufacturers' instructions. Bond
the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder cables to the base of the tower mast.
Link Budget
All of the above factors (and many others not mentioned) combine in any proposed installation to create a
link budget. The link budget predicts how well the radio link will perform after it is installed.
Use the outputs of the link budget during commissioning testing to confirm the link has been installed
correctly, and that it will provide reliable service.
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Aprisa XE User Manual
WARNING:
Before connecting power, ground the chassis using the safety earth terminal on the
front panel.
Operating temperature
-10°C to +50°C
Storage temperature
-20°C to +70°C
Humidity
Maximum 95% non-condensing
Site Requirements
Power Supply
Ensure that the correct power supply is available for powering the terminal.
The nominal input voltage for a terminal is 12, 24 or 48 volts DC or 115 / 230 volts AC rms.
The DC supply voltage is factory preset at time of order and cannot be adjusted in the field.
The terminal voltage is indicated on the chassis label by the DC input connector and on the specification
label fitted to the terminal.
Equipment Cooling
Mount the terminal so that air can flow through it. Do not obstruct the free flow of air around the
terminal. The two internal, speed-controlled fans fitted into the chassis provide sufficient cooling.
The operation of the fans is monitored and an alarm is raised under failure conditions.
The environmental operating conditions are as follows:
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Aprisa XE User Manual
WARNING:
Lightning can easily damage electronic equipment.
To avoid this risk, install primary lightning protection devices on any interfaces that
are reticulated in the local cable network.
You should also install a coaxial surge suppressor on the antenna port of the duplexer.
Earthing and Lightning Protection
Earth the antenna tower, feeders and lightning protection devices in accordance with the appropriate
local and national standards. The diagram below shows the minimum requirements.
Use grounding kits as specified or supplied by the coaxial cable manufacturer to properly ground or bond
the cable outer.
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