ZyXEL Communications P660HWDXV2 User Manual

P-660HW-Dx v2

802.11g Wireless ADSL2+ 4-port Gateway

User’s Guide

Version 3.40
3/2007
Edition 2

www.zyxel.com

About This User's Guide

About This User's Guide

Intended Audience

This manual is intended for people who want to configure the ZyXEL Device using the web
configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and
topology.

Related Documentation

• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains

information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.

• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary

information.

" It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the ZyXEL

Device.

• Supporting Disk
Refer to the included CD for support documents.

• ZyXEL Web Site

• Please refer to www.zyxel.com
certifications.

User Guide Feedback

Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!

The Technical Writing Team,
ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.

E-mail: [e-mail]

for additional support documentation and product

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

3

Document Conventions

Document Conventions

Warnings and Notes

These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.

1 Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.

" Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may

need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.

Syntax Conventions

• The P-660HW-D may be referred to as the “ZyXEL Device”, the “device” or the “system”
in this User’s Guide.

• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.

• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER]
means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.

• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key.
“Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.

• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example,
Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation
panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.

• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For
example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000”
or “1048576” and so on.

• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.

4

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

Document Conventions

Icons Used in Figures

Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The ZyXEL Device icon is
not an exact representation of your device.

ZyXEL Device Computer Notebook computer

Server DSLAM Firewall

Telephone Switch Router

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

5

Safety Warnings

Safety Warnings

1 For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.

• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.

• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.

• Do NOT store things on the device.

• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.

• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.

• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.

• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.

• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.

• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.

• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.

• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in
North America or 230V AC in Europe).

• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.

• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.

• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.

• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.

• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.

• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.

• Please use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication line
cord.

• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when
using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).

• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will
be damaged.

6

This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

Safety Warnings

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Safety Warnings

8

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

Contents Overview

Contents Overview

Introduction ............................................................................................................................31

Introducing the ZyXEL Device ...................................................................................................33

Introducing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................. 39

Wizards ...................................................................................................................................51

Wizard Setup for Internet Access .............................................................................................. 53

Bandwidth Management Wizard ................................................................................................ 67

Network ...................................................................................................................................73

WAN Setup ................................................................................................................................ 75

LAN Setup ................................................................................................................................. 93

Wireless LAN ........................................................................................................................... 105

Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens .......................................................................... 129

Security .................................................................................................................................141

Firewalls .................................................................................................................................. 143

Firewall Configuration .............................................................................................................. 155

Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................... 177

Advanced ..............................................................................................................................181

Static Route ............................................................................................................................. 183

Bandwidth Management .......................................................................................................... 187

Dynamic DNS Setup ................................................................................................................ 199

Remote Management Configuration ........................................................................................ 203

Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ............................................................................................. 213

Maintenance and Troubleshooting .....................................................................................225

System ..................................................................................................................................... 227

Logs ........................................................................................................................................ 233

Tools ........................................................................................................................................ 251

Diagnostic ............................................................................................................................... 257

Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 259

Appendices and Index ......................................................................................................... 263

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Contents Overview

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P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

About This User's Guide ..........................................................................................................3

Document Conventions............................................................................................................4

Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................6

Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9

Table of Contents....................................................................................................................11

List of Figures .........................................................................................................................21

List of Tables...........................................................................................................................27

Part I: Introduction................................................................................. 31

Chapter 1

Introducing the ZyXEL Device...............................................................................................33

1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 33

1.2 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device .................................................................................... 35

1.3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device ..................................................................... 35

1.4 LEDs .................................................................................................................................... 35

1.5 Hardware Connections ........................................................................................................ 36

1.5.1 Splitters and Microfilters ............................................................................................. 36

Chapter 2

Introducing the Web Configurator ........................................................................................39

2.1 Web Configurator Overview ................................................................................................. 39

2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 39

2.2.1 User Access ............................................................................................................... 40

2.2.2 Administrator Access ................................................................................................. 40

2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device ................................................................................................ 42

2.3.1 Using the Reset Button .............................................................................................. 42

2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 42

2.4.1 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................ 42

2.4.2 Status Screen ............................................................................................................. 44

2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table ................................................................................................... 47

2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status .................................................................................................. 47

2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status ........................................................................................... 48

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2.4.6 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................................. 48

2.4.7 Changing Login Password ........................................................................................ 50

Part II: Wizards ....................................................................................... 51

Chapter 3

Wizard Setup for Internet Access..........................................................................................53

3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 53

3.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup ............................................................................................. 53

3.2.1 Automatic Detection ................................................................................................... 55

3.2.2 Manual Configuration ................................................................................................. 55

3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup ..................................................................................... 60

3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key .............................................................................. 63

3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key ....................................................................................... 63

Chapter 4

Bandwidth Management Wizard............................................................................................ 67

4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 67

4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services .......................................................... 67

4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup ............................................................................... 68

Part III: Network...................................................................................... 73

Chapter 5

WAN Setup............................................................................................................................... 75

5.1 WAN Overview ................................................................................................................... 75

5.1.1 Encapsulation ............................................................................................................. 75

5.1.2 Multiplexing ................................................................................................................ 76

5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios ................................................................. 76

5.1.4 VPI and VCI ............................................................................................................... 77

5.1.5 IP Address Assignment .............................................................................................. 77

5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ..................................................................................... 77

5.1.7 NAT ............................................................................................................................ 78

5.2 Metric .................................................................................................................................. 78

5.3 Traffic Shaping ..................................................................................................................... 78

5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes ................................................................................................... 79

5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access ..................................................................................... 80

5.5 Internet Connection ............................................................................................................ 80

5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup ..................................................... 82

5.6 Configuring More Connections ............................................................................................ 84

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5.6.1 More Connections Edit .............................................................................................. 85

5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup ...................................................... 88

5.7 Traffic Redirect ................................................................................................................... 89

5.8 Configuring WAN Backup ................................................................................................... 89

Chapter 6

LAN Setup................................................................................................................................93

6.1 LAN Overview ..................................................................................................................... 93

6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device .......................................................................... 93

6.1.2 DHCP Setup ...............................................................................................................94

6.1.3 DNS Server Address .................................................................................................. 94

6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment .............................................................................. 94

6.2 LAN TCP/IP ......................................................................................................................... 95

6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask ..................................................................................... 95

6.2.2 RIP Setup ................................................................................................................... 96

6.2.3 Multicast ..................................................................................................................... 96

6.2.4 Any IP ......................................................................................................................... 97

6.3 Configuring LAN IP .............................................................................................................. 98

6.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup ............................................................................. 99

6.4 DHCP Setup ...................................................................................................................... 100

6.5 LAN Client List ................................................................................................................... 101

6.6 LAN IP Alias ...................................................................................................................... 102

Chapter 7

Wireless LAN.........................................................................................................................105

7.1 Wireless Network Overview ............................................................................................... 105

7.2 Wireless Security Overview ............................................................................................... 106

7.2.1 SSID ......................................................................................................................... 106

7.2.2 MAC Address Filter .................................................................................................. 106

7.2.3 User Authentication .................................................................................................. 106

7.2.4 Encryption ................................................................................................................ 107

7.2.5 One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology (OTIST) ................................................ 108

7.3 General Wireless LAN Screen .......................................................................................... 108

7.3.1 No Security ............................................................................................................... 109

7.3.2 WEP Encryption ........................................................................................................110

7.3.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ...............................................................................................111

7.3.4 WPA/WPA2 ...............................................................................................................113

7.3.5 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup .................................................................................115

7.4 OTIST ................................................................................................................................117

7.4.1 Enabling OTIST .........................................................................................................117

7.4.2 Starting OTIST ..........................................................................................................119

7.4.3 Notes on OTIST ....................................................................................................... 120

7.5 MAC Filter ..................................................................................................................... 121

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7.6 WMM QoS ......................................................................................................................... 122

7.6.1 WMM QoS Example ................................................................................................. 122

7.6.2 WMM QoS Priorities ................................................................................................. 122

7.6.3 Services ................................................................................................................... 123

7.7 QoS Screen ....................................................................................................................... 124

7.7.1 ToS (Type of Service) and WMM QoS ..................................................................... 125

7.7.2 Application Priority Configuration ............................................................................. 126

Chapter 8

Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens.....................................................................129

8.1 NAT Overview ................................................................................................................... 129

8.1.1 NAT Definitions ........................................................................................................ 129

8.1.2 What NAT Does ....................................................................................................... 130

8.1.3 How NAT Works ....................................................................................................... 130

8.1.4 NAT Application ........................................................................................................ 130

8.1.5 NAT Mapping Types ................................................................................................. 131

8.2 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ........................................................................... 132

8.3 SIP ALG ............................................................................................................................. 132

8.4 NAT General Setup ........................................................................................................... 133

8.5 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................................. 133

8.5.1 Default Server IP Address ........................................................................................ 134

8.5.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers .......................................................... 134

8.5.3 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example) ......................................... 135

8.6 Configuring Port Forwarding ............................................................................................. 135

8.6.1 Port Forwarding Rule Edit ....................................................................................... 136

8.7 Address Mapping .............................................................................................................. 137

8.7.1 Address Mapping Rule Edit ..................................................................................... 139

Part IV: Security ................................................................................... 141

Chapter 9

Firewalls.................................................................................................................................143

9.1 Firewall Overview ............................................................................................................. 143

9.2 Types of Firewalls .............................................................................................................. 143

9.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls ......................................................................................... 143

9.2.2 Application-level Firewalls ........................................................................................ 144

9.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls ..................................................................................... 144

9.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall ........................................................................................ 144

9.3.1 Denial of Service Attacks ......................................................................................... 145

9.4 Denial of Service ............................................................................................................... 145

9.4.1 Basics ....................................................................................................................... 145

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9.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks ............................................................................................... 146

9.5 Stateful Inspection ............................................................................................................. 148

9.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process ...................................................................................... 149

9.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the ZyXEL Device ............................................................... 150

9.5.3 TCP Security ............................................................................................................ 150

9.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security .................................................................................................. 151

9.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ............................................................................................. 151

9.6 Guidelines for Enhancing Security with Your Firewall ....................................................... 152

9.6.1 Security In General .................................................................................................. 152

9.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall ...............................................................................................153

9.7.1 Packet Filtering: ....................................................................................................... 153

9.7.2 Firewall ..................................................................................................................... 153

Chapter 10

Firewall Configuration ..........................................................................................................155

10.1 Access Methods .............................................................................................................. 155

10.2 Firewall Policies Overview ............................................................................................... 155

10.3 Rule Logic Overview ........................................................................................................ 156

10.3.1 Rule Checklist ........................................................................................................ 156

10.3.2 Security Ramifications ............................................................................................ 156

10.3.3 Key Fields For Configuring Rules ......................................................................... 157

10.4 Connection Direction ....................................................................................................... 157

10.4.1 LAN to WAN Rules ................................................................................................. 158

10.4.2 Alerts ...................................................................................................................... 158

10.5 General Firewall Policy ................................................................................................. 158

10.6 Firewall Rules Summary ................................................................................................. 159

10.6.1 Configuring Firewall Rules ................................................................................... 161

10.6.2 Customized Services ............................................................................................ 164

10.6.3 Configuring a Customized Service ....................................................................... 164

10.7 Example Firewall Rule .....................................................................................................165

10.8 Predefined Services ........................................................................................................ 169

10.9 Anti-Probing ..................................................................................................................... 171

10.10 DoS Thresholds ............................................................................................................ 172

10.10.1 Threshold Values ................................................................................................. 172

10.10.2 Half-Open Sessions ............................................................................................. 173

10.10.3 Configuring Firewall Thresholds ........................................................................... 173

Chapter 11

Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................177

11.1 Content Filtering Overview .............................................................................................. 177

11.2 Configuring Keyword Blocking ........................................................................................ 177

11.3 Configuring the Schedule ................................................................................................ 178

11.4 Configuring Trusted Computers ...................................................................................... 179

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Table of Contents

Part V: Advanced ................................................................................. 181

Chapter 12

Static Route ........................................................................................................................... 183

12.1 Static Route .................................................................................................................. 183

12.2 Configuring Static Route .................................................................................................183

12.2.1 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................... 184

Chapter 13

Bandwidth Management.......................................................................................................187

13.1 Bandwidth Management Overview ................................................................................. 187

13.2 Application-based Bandwidth Management .................................................................... 187

13.3 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .......................................................................... 187

13.4 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management ................................................. 188

13.5 Scheduler ........................................................................................................................ 188

13.5.1 Priority-based Scheduler ........................................................................................ 188

13.5.2 Fairness-based Scheduler ..................................................................................... 189

13.6 Maximize Bandwidth Usage ............................................................................................ 189

13.6.1 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-Bandwidth Class Traffic .......................................... 189

13.6.2 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example .................................................................... 189

13.6.3 Bandwidth Management Priorities ......................................................................... 191

13.7 Over Allotment of Bandwidth ........................................................................................... 191

13.8 Configuring Summary ..................................................................................................... 191

13.9 Bandwidth Management Rule Setup ............................................................................. 192

13.10 DiffServ .......................................................................................................................... 194

13.10.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ............................................................................... 194

13.10.2 Rule Configuration ............................................................................................... 194

13.11 Bandwidth Monitor ........................................................................................................ 197

Chapter 14

Dynamic DNS Setup .............................................................................................................199

14.1 Dynamic DNS Overview ................................................................................................. 199

14.1.1 DYNDNS Wildcard ................................................................................................. 199

14.2 Configuring Dynamic DNS .............................................................................................. 199

Chapter 15

Remote Management Configuration ...................................................................................203

15.1 Remote Management Overview ..................................................................................... 203

15.1.1 Remote Management Limitations .......................................................................... 204

15.1.2 Remote Management and NAT .............................................................................. 204

15.1.3 System Timeout .................................................................................................... 204

15.2 WWW .............................................................................................................................. 204

15.3 Telnet ............................................................................................................................... 205

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15.4 Configuring Telnet ............................................................................................................ 205

15.5 Telnet Login ..................................................................................................................... 206

15.6 Configuring FTP ............................................................................................................. 207

15.7 SNMP .............................................................................................................................. 207

15.7.1 Supported MIBs ..................................................................................................... 209

15.7.2 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................... 209

15.7.3 Configuring SNMP ................................................................................................. 209

15.8 Configuring DNS ............................................................................................................. 210

15.9 Configuring ICMP .............................................................................................................211

Chapter 16

Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP).......................................................................................... 213

16.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play ............................................................................... 213

16.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ......................................................................... 213

16.1.2 NAT Traversal ........................................................................................................ 213

16.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ............................................................................................... 213

16.2 UPnP and ZyXEL ............................................................................................................214

16.2.1 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................................. 214

16.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example .............................................................................. 215

16.3.1 Installing UPnP in Windows Me ............................................................................. 215

16.3.2 Installing UPnP in Windows XP ............................................................................. 216

16.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ............................................................................. 217

16.4.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device .............................................. 218

16.4.2 Web Configurator Easy Access ............................................................................. 221

Part VI: Maintenance and Troubleshooting ....................................... 225

Chapter 17

System ...................................................................................................................................227

17.1 General Setup ................................................................................................................. 227

17.1.1 General Setup and System Name ......................................................................... 227

17.1.2 General Setup ....................................................................................................... 227

17.2 Time Setting .................................................................................................................... 229

Chapter 18

Logs ......................................................................................................................................233

18.1 Logs Overview ................................................................................................................ 233

18.1.1 Alerts and Logs ...................................................................................................... 233

18.2 Viewing the Logs ............................................................................................................. 233

18.3 Configuring Log Settings ................................................................................................ 234

18.3.1 Example E-mail Log ............................................................................................... 236

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Table of Contents

18.4 Log Descriptions .............................................................................................................. 237

Chapter 19

Tools.......................................................................................................................................251

19.1 Firmware Upgrade .......................................................................................................... 251

19.2 Configuration Screen ....................................................................................................... 253

19.2.1 Backup Configuration ............................................................................................. 253

19.2.2 Restore Configuration ............................................................................................ 254

19.2.3 Back to Factory Defaults ........................................................................................ 255

19.3 Restart ............................................................................................................................. 255

Chapter 20

Diagnostic .............................................................................................................................257

20.1 General Diagnostic ......................................................................................................... 257

20.2 DSL Line Diagnostic ...................................................................................................... 257

Chapter 21

Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................259

21.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ...................................................................... 259

21.2 ZyXEL Device Access and Login .................................................................................... 260

21.3 Internet Access ................................................................................................................ 261

Part VII: Appendices and Index .......................................................... 263

Appendix A Product Specifications and Wall Mounting........................................................265

Appendix B Wireless LANs ..................................................................................................271

Appendix C Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address ...........................................................285

Appendix D IP Addresses and Subnetting ...........................................................................301

Appendix E Firewall Commands .......................................................................................... 311

Appendix F Internal SPTGEN...............................................................................................317

Appendix G Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions...................................... 333

Appendix H NetBIOS Filter Commands ............................................................................... 339

Appendix I Triangle Route ....................................................................................................341

Appendix J Legal Information ...............................................................................................343

Appendix K Customer Support .............................................................................................347

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Table of Contents

Index.......................................................................................................................................351

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Table of Contents

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P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

List of Figures

List of Figures

Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications .................................................................................... 34

Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example ............................................................................................ 34

Figure 3 Front Panel .............................................................................................................................. 35

Figure 4 Connecting a POTS Splitter ..................................................................................................... 37

Figure 5 Connecting a Microfilter ............................................................................................................ 37

Figure 6 Connecting a Microfilter and Y-Connector ................................................................................ 38

Figure 7 ZyXEL Device with ISDN .......................................................................................................... 38

Figure 8 Password Screen ..................................................................................................................... 40

Figure 9 User status screen ................................................................................................................... 40

Figure 10 Change Password at Login .................................................................................................... 41

Figure 11 Select a Mode ......................................................................................................................... 41

Figure 12 Web Configurator: Main Screen ............................................................................................ 42

Figure 13 Status Screen ......................................................................................................................... 45

Figure 14 Status: Any IP Table ............................................................................................................... 47

Figure 15 Status: WLAN Status .............................................................................................................. 47

Figure 16 Status: Bandwidth Status ........................................................................................................ 48

Figure 17 Status: Packet Statistics ......................................................................................................... 49

Figure 18 System General ...................................................................................................................... 50

Figure 19 Select a Mode ........................................................................................................................ 53

Figure 20 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................................... 54

Figure 21 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection ...................................................................................... 54

Figure 22 Auto Detection: Failed ............................................................................................................ 55

Figure 23 Auto-Detection: PPPoE .......................................................................................................... 55

Figure 24 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ..................................................................... 56

Figure 25 Internet Connection with PPPoE ............................................................................................ 57

Figure 26 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ....................................................................................... 57

Figure 27 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ................................................................................. 58

Figure 28 Internet Connection with PPPoA ............................................................................................ 59

Figure 29 Connection Test Failed-1 ........................................................................................................ 59

Figure 30 Connection Test Failed-2. ....................................................................................................... 60

Figure 31 Connection Test Successful ................................................................................................... 60

Figure 32 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ................................................................................................ 61

Figure 33 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ................................................................................................ 62

Figure 34 Manually assign a WPA key ................................................................................................... 63

Figure 35 Manually assign a WEP key ................................................................................................... 64

Figure 36 Wireless LAN Setup 3 ............................................................................................................ 64

Figure 37 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete ............................................................. 65

Figure 38 Select a Mode ........................................................................................................................ 68

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List of Figures

Figure 39 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................................... 69

Figure 40 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................................... 69

Figure 41 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration ..................................................................... 70

Figure 42 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete ........................................................................... 71

Figure 43 Example of Traffic Shaping .................................................................................................... 79

Figure 44 Internet Connection (PPPoE) ................................................................................................. 81

Figure 45 Advanced Internet Connection Setup ..................................................................................... 83

Figure 46 More Connections .................................................................................................................. 84

Figure 47 More Connections Edit ........................................................................................................... 86

Figure 48 More Connections Advanced Setup ....................................................................................... 88

Figure 49 Traffic Redirect Example ........................................................................................................ 89

Figure 50 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ..................................................................................................... 89

Figure 51 WAN Backup Setup ................................................................................................................ 90

Figure 52 LAN and WAN IP Addresses .................................................................................................. 93

Figure 53 Any IP Example ...................................................................................................................... 97

Figure 54 LAN IP .................................................................................................................................... 98

Figure 55 Advanced LAN Setup ............................................................................................................. 99

Figure 56 DHCP Setup ......................................................................................................................... 100

Figure 57 LAN Client List ...................................................................................................................... 102

Figure 58 Physical Network & Partitioned Logical Networks ................................................................ 103

Figure 59 LAN IP Alias ......................................................................................................................... 103

Figure 60 Example of a Wireless Network ........................................................................................... 105

Figure 61 Wireless LAN: General ........................................................................................................ 108

Figure 62 Wireless: No Security ............................................................................................................110

Figure 63 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ...........................................................................................111

Figure 64 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ...........................................................................................112

Figure 65 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 ............................................................................................................114

Figure 66 Advanced ..............................................................................................................................116

Figure 67 OTIST ....................................................................................................................................118

Figure 68 Example Wireless Client OTIST Screen ...............................................................................119

Figure 69 Security Key ..........................................................................................................................119

Figure 70 OTIST in Progress (AP) ........................................................................................................119

Figure 71 OTIST in progress (Client) ................................................................................................... 120

Figure 72 No AP with OTIST Found ..................................................................................................... 120

Figure 73 Start OTIST? ........................................................................................................................ 120

Figure 74 MAC Address Filter .............................................................................................................. 121

Figure 75 Wireless LAN: QoS .............................................................................................................. 125

Figure 76 Application Priority Configuration ......................................................................................... 126

Figure 77 How NAT Works ................................................................................................................... 130

Figure 78 NAT Application With IP Alias .............................................................................................. 131

Figure 79 NAT General ........................................................................................................................ 133

Figure 80 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ................................................................................ 135

Figure 81 NAT Port Forwarding ............................................................................................................ 136

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P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

List of Figures

Figure 82 Port Forwarding Rule Setup ................................................................................................ 137

Figure 83 Address Mapping Rules ....................................................................................................... 138

Figure 84 Edit Address Mapping Rule ................................................................................................. 139

Figure 85 Firewall Application .............................................................................................................. 145

Figure 86 Three-Way Handshake ......................................................................................................... 146

Figure 87 SYN Flood ............................................................................................................................ 147

Figure 88 Smurf Attack ......................................................................................................................... 147

Figure 89 Stateful Inspection ................................................................................................................ 149

Figure 90 Firewall: General .................................................................................................................. 158

Figure 91 Firewall Rules ...................................................................................................................... 160

Figure 92 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................................ 162

Figure 93 Firewall: Customized Services ............................................................................................. 164

Figure 94 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ............................................................................. 165

Figure 95 Firewall Example: Rules ....................................................................................................... 166

Figure 96 Edit Custom Port Example ................................................................................................... 166

Figure 97 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Destination Address .............................................................. 167

Figure 98 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Select Customized Services ................................................... 168

Figure 99 Firewall Example: Rules: MyService ................................................................................... 169

Figure 100 Firewall: Anti Probing ......................................................................................................... 171

Figure 101 Firewall: Threshold ............................................................................................................. 174

Figure 102 Content Filter: Keyword ...................................................................................................... 177

Figure 103 Content Filter: Schedule ..................................................................................................... 178

Figure 104 Content Filter: Trusted ........................................................................................................ 179

Figure 105 Example of Static Routing Topology ................................................................................... 183

Figure 106 Static Route ........................................................................................................................ 184

Figure 107 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................................. 185

Figure 108 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example .............................................................. 188

Figure 109 Bandwidth Management: Summary ................................................................................... 192

Figure 110 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ................................................................................. 193

Figure 111 DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field .................................................................................. 194

Figure 112 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ...................................................................... 195

Figure 113 Bandwidth Management: Monitor ......................................................................................198

Figure 114 Dynamic DNS ..................................................................................................................... 200

Figure 115 Remote Management: WWW ............................................................................................. 204

Figure 116 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ......................................................................... 205

Figure 117 Remote Management: Telnet ............................................................................................. 206

Figure 118 Remote Management: FTP ................................................................................................ 207

Figure 119 SNMP Management Model ................................................................................................ 208

Figure 120 Remote Management: SNMP ............................................................................................ 209

Figure 121 Remote Management: DNS ................................................................................................211

Figure 122 Remote Management: ICMP .............................................................................................. 212

Figure 123 Configuring UPnP ............................................................................................................... 214

Figure 124 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ................................................ 215

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23

List of Figures

Figure 125 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components .......................... 216

Figure 126 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 216

Figure 127 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard .......................................................... 217

Figure 128 Networking Services ........................................................................................................... 217

Figure 129 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 218

Figure 130 Internet Connection Properties .......................................................................................... 219

Figure 131 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ........................................................... 219

Figure 132 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add .................................................. 220

Figure 133 System Tray Icon ................................................................................................................ 220

Figure 134 Internet Connection Status ................................................................................................. 221

Figure 135 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 222

Figure 136 Network Connections: My Network Places ........................................................................ 223

Figure 137 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ...................................... 223

Figure 138 System General Setup ....................................................................................................... 228

Figure 139 System Time Setting .......................................................................................................... 229

Figure 140 View Log ............................................................................................................................. 234

Figure 141 Log Settings ....................................................................................................................... 235

Figure 142 E-mail Log Example ........................................................................................................... 237

Figure 143 Firmware ........................................................................................................................... 251

Figure 144 Firmware Upload In Progress ............................................................................................. 252

Figure 145 Network Temporarily Disconnected ....................................................................................252

Figure 146 Error Message .................................................................................................................... 253

Figure 147 Configuration ...................................................................................................................... 253

Figure 148 Configuration Restore Successful ...................................................................................... 254

Figure 149 Temporarily Disconnected .................................................................................................. 254

Figure 150 Configuration Restore Error ............................................................................................... 255

Figure 151 Restart Screen ................................................................................................................... 255

Figure 152 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................................ 257

Figure 153 Diagnostic: DSL Line .......................................................................................................... 258

Figure 154 Wall-mounting Example ...................................................................................................... 269

Figure 155 Masonry Plug and M4 Tap Screw .......................................................................................270

Figure 156 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network ......................................................... 271

Figure 157 Basic Service Set ............................................................................................................... 272

Figure 158 Infrastructure WLAN ........................................................................................................... 273

Figure 159 RTS/CTS ........................................................................................................................... 274

Figure 160 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ....................................................................... 281

Figure 161 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication ............................................................................................... 282

Figure 162 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ...................................................................... 286

Figure 163 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address .......................................................... 287

Figure 164 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration .............................................. 288

Figure 165 Windows XP: Start Menu .................................................................................................... 289

Figure 166 Windows XP: Control Panel ............................................................................................... 289

Figure 167 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ......................................... 290

24

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

List of Figures

Figure 168 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ............................................................... 290

Figure 169 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 291

Figure 170 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................... 292

Figure 171 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 293

Figure 172 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu .......................................................................................... 294

Figure 173 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ................................................................................................. 294

Figure 174 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ............................................................................................ 295

Figure 175 Macintosh OS X: Network .................................................................................................. 296

Figure 176 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices ......................................................... 297

Figure 177 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General .................................................................. 297

Figure 178 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS ............................................................... 298

Figure 179 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate ........................................................ 298

Figure 180 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ............................................... 299

Figure 181 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ................................................... 299

Figure 182 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf ........................................................................ 299

Figure 183 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card ................................................................................. 299

Figure 184 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................... 300

Figure 185 Network Number and Host ID ............................................................................................ 302

Figure 186 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting ............................................................................ 304

Figure 187 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting ............................................................................... 305

Figure 188 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example .................................................................... 309

Figure 189 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example .................................................................... 309

Figure 190 Conflicting Computer and Router IP Addresses Example .................................................. 310

Figure 191 Configuration Text File Format: Column Descriptions ........................................................ 317

Figure 192 Invalid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ........................................................ 318

Figure 193 Valid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ........................................................... 318

Figure 194 Internal SPTGEN FTP Download Example ........................................................................ 319

Figure 195 Internal SPTGEN FTP Upload Example ............................................................................ 319

Figure 196 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................................... 333

Figure 197 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 334

Figure 198 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 335

Figure 199 Pop-up Blocker Settings ..................................................................................................... 335

Figure 200 Internet Options: Security ................................................................................................... 336

Figure 201 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 337

Figure 202 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 337

Figure 203 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 338

Figure 204 Ideal Setup ......................................................................................................................... 341

Figure 205 “Triangle Route” Problem ................................................................................................... 342

Figure 206 IP Alias ............................................................................................................................... 342

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

25

List of Figures

26

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

List of Tables

List of Tables

Table 1 ADSL Standards ....................................................................................................................... 34

Table 2 Front Panel LEDs ...................................................................................................................... 36

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary ....................................................................................... 43

Table 4 Status Screen ............................................................................................................................ 45

Table 5 Status: Any IP Table .................................................................................................................. 47

Table 6 Status: WLAN Status ................................................................................................................. 48

Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................................................ 49

Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ....................................................................... 56

Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE ............................................................................................... 57

Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ........................................................................................ 57

Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ................................................................................. 58

Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA ............................................................................................. 59

Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ................................................................................................. 61

Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ................................................................................................. 62

Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key .................................................................................................... 63

Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key ................................................................................................... 64

Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services .................................................................... 67

Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................................... 69

Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration ...................................................................... 70

Table 20 Internet Connection ................................................................................................................. 81

Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup ..................................................................................... 83

Table 22 More Connections ................................................................................................................... 85

Table 23 More Connections Edit ............................................................................................................ 86

Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup ....................................................................................... 88

Table 25 WAN Backup Setup ................................................................................................................ 90

Table 26 LAN IP ..................................................................................................................................... 99

Table 27 Advanced LAN Setup .............................................................................................................. 99

Table 28 DHCP Setup ......................................................................................................................... 101

Table 29 LAN Client List ...................................................................................................................... 102

Table 30 LAN IP Alias .......................................................................................................................... 104

Table 31 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication ........................................................... 107

Table 32 Wireless LAN: General ......................................................................................................... 109

Table 33 Wireless No Security ..............................................................................................................110

Table 34 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ........................................................................................... 111

Table 35 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ............................................................................................112

Table 36 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 ............................................................................................................114

Table 37 Wireless LAN: Advanced .......................................................................................................116

Table 38 OTIST ....................................................................................................................................118

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

27

List of Tables

Table 39 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................................... 121

Table 40 WMM QoS Priorities ............................................................................................................. 122

Table 41 Commonly Used Services ..................................................................................................... 123

Table 42 Wireless Lan: QoS ................................................................................................................ 125

Table 43 Application Priority Configuration .......................................................................................... 126

Table 44 NAT Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 129

Table 45 NAT Mapping Types .............................................................................................................. 132

Table 46 NAT General ......................................................................................................................... 133

Table 47 Services and Port Numbers .................................................................................................. 134

Table 48 NAT Port Forwarding ............................................................................................................ 136

Table 49 Port Forwarding Rule Setup .................................................................................................. 137

Table 50 Address Mapping Rules ........................................................................................................ 138

Table 51 Edit Address Mapping Rule .................................................................................................. 140

Table 52 Common IP Ports .................................................................................................................. 145

Table 53 ICMP Commands That Trigger Alerts ................................................................................... 148

Table 54 Legal NetBIOS Commands ................................................................................................... 148

Table 55 Legal SMTP Commands ....................................................................................................... 148

Table 56 Firewall: General ................................................................................................................... 159

Table 57 Firewall Rules ....................................................................................................................... 160

Table 58 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................................. 163

Table 59 Customized Services ............................................................................................................ 164

Table 60 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ............................................................................. 165

Table 61 Predefined Services .............................................................................................................. 169

Table 62 Firewall: Anti Probing ............................................................................................................ 172

Table 63 Firewall: Threshold ................................................................................................................ 174

Table 64 Content Filter: Keyword ........................................................................................................ 178

Table 65 Content Filter: Schedule ....................................................................................................... 179

Table 66 Content Filter: Trusted .......................................................................................................... 179

Table 67 Static Route ........................................................................................................................... 184

Table 68 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................................... 185

Table 69 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ....................................... 188

Table 70 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ................................................................................... 189

Table 71 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example .......................... 190

Table 72 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ....................... 190

Table 73 Bandwidth Management Priorities ........................................................................................ 191

Table 74 Over Allotment of Bandwidth Example ................................................................................. 191

Table 75 Media Bandwidth Management: Summary ........................................................................... 192

Table 76 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ................................................................................... 193

Table 77 Sub-Classes of AF Services ................................................................................................. 194

Table 78 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ........................................................................ 195

Table 79 Services and Port Numbers .................................................................................................. 197

Table 80 Bandwidth Management Monitor .......................................................................................... 198

Table 81 Dynamic DNS ....................................................................................................................... 200

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P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

List of Tables

Table 82 Remote Management: WWW ...............................................................................................205

Table 83 Remote Management: Telnet ................................................................................................ 206

Table 84 Remote Management: FTP ................................................................................................... 207

Table 85 SNMP Traps .......................................................................................................................... 209

Table 86 Remote Management: SNMP ............................................................................................... 210

Table 87 Remote Management: DNS ...................................................................................................211

Table 88 Remote Management: ICMP ................................................................................................ 212

Table 89 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................................................. 214

Table 90 System General Setup .......................................................................................................... 228

Table 91 System Time Setting ............................................................................................................. 230

Table 92 View Log ............................................................................................................................... 234

Table 93 Log Settings .......................................................................................................................... 235

Table 94 System Maintenance Logs .................................................................................................... 237

Table 95 System Error Logs ................................................................................................................ 238

Table 96 Access Control Logs ............................................................................................................. 238

Table 97 TCP Reset Logs .................................................................................................................... 239

Table 98 Packet Filter Logs ................................................................................................................. 239

Table 99 ICMP Logs ............................................................................................................................ 240

Table 100 CDR Logs ........................................................................................................................... 240

Table 101 PPP Logs ............................................................................................................................ 240

Table 102 UPnP Logs .......................................................................................................................... 241

Table 103 Content Filtering Logs ......................................................................................................... 241

Table 104 Attack Logs ......................................................................................................................... 242

Table 105 IPSec Logs .......................................................................................................................... 242

Table 106 IKE Logs ............................................................................................................................. 243

Table 107 PKI Logs ............................................................................................................................. 246

Table 108 Certificate Path Verification Failure Reason Codes ............................................................ 247

Table 109 ACL Setting Notes .............................................................................................................. 247

Table 110 ICMP Notes ......................................................................................................................... 248

Table 111 Syslog Logs ......................................................................................................................... 249

Table 112 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types .................................................................................... 249

Table 113 Firmware Upgrade .............................................................................................................. 252

Table 114 Maintenance Restore Configuration .................................................................................... 254

Table 115 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................................. 257

Table 116 Diagnostic: DSL Line ........................................................................................................... 258

Table 117 Hardware Specifications ...................................................................................................... 265

Table 118 Firmware Specifications ...................................................................................................... 265

Table 119 Wireless Firmware Specifications ....................................................................................... 267

Table 120 Standards Supported .......................................................................................................... 267

Table 121 IEEE 802.11g ...................................................................................................................... 275

Table 122 Wireless Security Levels ..................................................................................................... 276

Table 123 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types .......................................................................... 279

Table 124 Wireless Security Relational Matrix .................................................................................... 282

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

29

List of Tables

Table 125 IP Address Network Number and Host ID Example ........................................................... 302

Table 126 Subnet Masks ..................................................................................................................... 303

Table 127 Maximum Host Numbers .................................................................................................... 303

Table 128 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ....................................................................................... 303

Table 129 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................................. 305

Table 130 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................................. 306

Table 131 Subnet 3 .............................................................................................................................. 306

Table 132 Subnet 4 .............................................................................................................................. 306

Table 133 Eight Subnets ...................................................................................................................... 306

Table 134 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 307

Table 135 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 307

Table 136 Firewall Commands .............................................................................................................311

Table 137 Abbreviations Used in the Example Internal SPTGEN Screens Table ............................... 320

Table 138 Menu 1 General Setup ........................................................................................................ 320

Table 139 Menu 3 ................................................................................................................................ 320

Table 140 Menu 4 Internet Access Setup ............................................................................................ 322

Table 141 Menu 12 .............................................................................................................................. 324

Table 142 Menu 15 SUA Server Setup ................................................................................................ 324

Table 143 Menu 21.1 Filter Set #1 ....................................................................................................... 326

Table 144 Menu 21.1 Filer Set #2, ....................................................................................................... 327

Table 145 Menu 23 System Menus ..................................................................................................... 329

Table 146 Menu 24.11 Remote Management Control ......................................................................... 330

Table 147 Command Examples ........................................................................................................... 331

Table 148 NetBIOS Filter Default Settings .......................................................................................... 340

30

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

PART I

Introduction

Introducing the ZyXEL Device (33)

Introducing the Web Configurator (39)

31

32

CHAPTER 1

Introducing the ZyXEL Device

This chapter introduces the main applications and features of the ZyXEL Device. It also
introduces the ways you can manage the ZyXEL Device.

1.1 Overview

The ZyXEL Device is an IEEE 802.11b/g wireless ADSL2+ gateway that allows super-fast,
secure Internet access over analog (POTS), digital (ISDN) telephone lines (depending on your
model) or by wireless.

In the ZyXEL Device product name, “H” denotes an integrated 4-port switch (hub) and “W”
denotes an included wireless LAN card that provides wireless connectivity. D MEANS
WHAT?

See the Product Specifications appendix for a full list of features.

Model names ending in “1”, for example P-660H/HW-D Series, denote a device that works
over the analog telephone system, POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service). Model names ending
in “3” denote a device that works over ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network).

The DSL RJ-11 (ADSL over POTS models) or RJ-45 (ADSL over ISDN models) connects to
your ADSL-enabled telephone line.

1 Only use firmware for your ZyXEL Device’s specific model. Refer to the label on

the bottom of your ZyXEL Device.

The ZyXEL Device is the ideal high-speed Internet access solution. It is compatible with all
major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) providers and supports
the ADSL standards as shown in Table 1 on page 34. In addition, the ZyXEL Device with its
wireless features allows wireless clients access to your wired network resources and to the
Internet.

The ZyXEL Device provides protection from attacks by Internet hackers. By default, the
firewall blocks all incoming traffic from the WAN. The firewall supports TCP/UDP
inspection and DoS (Denial of Services) detection and prevention, as well as real time alerts,
reports and logs.

A typical Internet access application is shown below

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

33

Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device

Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications

You can also use the ZyXEL Device to connect two geographically dispersed networks over
the ADSL line. A typical LAN-to-LAN application example is shown as follows.

Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example

The ZyXEL Device is compatible with the ADSL/ADSL2/ADSL2+ standards. Maximum data
rates attainable for each standard are shown in the next table.

Table 1 ADSL Standards

DATA RATE STANDARD UPSTREAM DOWNSTREAM

ADSL

ADSL2

ADSL2+

832 kbps 8Mbps

3.5Mbps 12Mbps

3.5Mbps 24Mbps

" If your ZyXEL Device does not support Annex M, the maximum ADSL2/2+

upstream data rate is 1.2 Mbps. ZyXEL Devices which work over ISDN do not
support Annex M.

" The standard your ISP supports determines the maximum upstream and

downstream speeds attainable. Actual speeds attained also depend on the
distance from your ISP, line quality, etc.

34

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device

1.2 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device

Use any of the following methods to manage the ZyXEL Device.

• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the ZyXEL Device
using a (supported) web browser.

• Command Line Interface. Line commands are mostly used for troubleshooting by service
engineers.

• FTP for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/restore (Chapter 19 on page 251)

• SNMP. The device can be monitored by an SNMP manager. See the SNMP chapter in this
User’s Guide.

• SPTGEN. SPTGEN is a text configuration file that allows you to configure the device by
uploading an SPTGEN file. This is especially convenient if you need to configure many
devices of the same type.

1.3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device

Do the following things regularly to make the ZyXEL Device more secure and to manage the
ZyXEL Device more effectively.

• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of

• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.

• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an

1.4 LEDs

The following figure shows the ZyXEL Device’s LEDs.

Figure 3 Front Panel

different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.

earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even
crashes. If you forget your password, you will have to reset the ZyXEL Device to its
factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have
to totally re-configure the ZyXEL Device. You could simply restore your last
configuration.

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

35

Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device

The following table describes the LEDs.

Table 2 Front Panel LEDs

LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION

POWER Green On The ZyXEL Device is receiving power and functioning

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is rebooting or performing diagnostics.

Red On Power to the ZyXEL Device is too low.

Off The system is not ready or has malfunctioned.

ETHERNET Green On The ZyXEL Device has a successful 10Mb Ethernet

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Amber On The ZyXEL Device has a successful 100Mb Ethernet

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Off The LAN is not connected.

WLAN Green On The ZyXEL Device is ready, but is not sending/receiving data

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data through the

Off The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.

DSL Green On The DSL line is up.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line.

Off The DSL line is down.

INTERNET Green On The Internet connection is up.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line.

Off The DSL line is down.

properly.

connection.

connection.

through the wireless LAN.

wireless LAN.

1.5 Hardware Connections

Refer to the Quick Start Guide for information on hardware connections.

1.5.1 Splitters and Microfilters

1.5.1.1 Connecting a POTS Splitter

When you use the Full Rate (G.dmt) ADSL standard, you can use a POTS (Plain Old
Telephone Service) splitter to separate the telephone and ADSL signals. This allows
simultaneous Internet access and telephone service on the same line. A splitter also eliminates
the destructive interference conditions caused by telephone sets.

Install the POTS splitter at the point where the telephone line enters your residence, as shown
in the following figure.

36

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

Figure 4 Connecting a POTS Splitter

1 Connect the side labeled “Phone” to your telephone.
2 Connect the side labeled “Modem” or “DSL” to your ZyXEL Device.
3 Connect the side labeled “Line” to the telephone wall jack.

1.5.1.2 Telephone Microfilters

Telephone voice transmissions take place in the lower frequency range, 0 - 4KHz, while
ADSL transmissions take place in the higher bandwidth range, above 4KHz. A microfilter acts
as a low-pass filter, for your telephone, to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere
with your telephone voice transmissions. The use of a telephone microfilter is optional.

Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device

1 Locate and disconnect each telephone.
2 Connect a cable from the wall jack to the “wall side” of the microfilter.
3 Connect the “phone side” of the microfilter to your telephone as shown in the following

figure.

4 After you are done, make sure that your telephone works. If your telephone does not

work, disconnect the microfilter and contact either your local telephone company or the
provider of the microfilter.

Figure 5 Connecting a Microfilter

You can also use a Y-Connector with a microfilter in order to connect both your modem and a
telephone to the same wall jack without using a POTS splitter.

1 Connect a phone cable from the wall jack to the single jack end of the Y-Connector.

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

37

Chapter 1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device

2 Connect a cable from the double jack end of the Y-Connector to the “wall side” of the

microfilter.

3 Connect another cable from the double jack end of the Y-Connector to the ZyXEL

Device.

4 Connect the “phone side” of the microfilter to your telephone as shown in the following

figure.

Figure 6 Connecting a Microfilter and Y-Connector

1.5.1.3 ZyXEL Device With ISDN

This section relates to people who use their ZyXEL Device with ADSL over ISDN (digital
telephone service) only. The following is an example installation for the ZyXEL Device with
ISDN.

Figure 7 ZyXEL Device with ISDN

38

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

CHAPTER 2

Introducing the Web

Configurator

This chapter describes how to access and navigate the web configurator.

2.1 Web Configurator Overview

The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy ZyXEL
Device setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or
Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768
pixels.

In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:

• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by
default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.

• JavaScripts (enabled by default).

• Java permissions (enabled by default).

See the chapter on troubleshooting if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in
Internet Explorer.

2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator

" Even though you can connect to the ZyXEL Device wirelessly, it is

recommended that you connect your computer to a LAN port for initial
configuration.

1 Make sure your ZyXEL Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start

Guide).

2 Prepare your computer/computer network to connect to the ZyXEL Device (refer to the

Quick Start Guide).

3 Launch your web browser.
4 Type "192.168.1.1" as the URL.

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

39

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

5 A window displays as shown.

Figure 8 Password Screen

2.2.1 User Access

1 For user access enter the default user password user to view the status only. The

following window will appear.

Figure 9 User status screen

2.2.2 Administrator Access

1 For administrator access enter the default admin password 1234 to configure the wizards

and the advanced features.

2 Click Login to proceed to a screen asking you to change your password or click Cancel

to revert to the default password.

3 If you entered the admin password, it is highly recommended you change the default

admin password! Enter a new password between 1 and 30 characters, retype it to
confirm and click Apply. Alternatively click Ignore to proceed to the main menu if you
do not want to change the password now.

40

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

" If you do not change the password at least once, the following screen appears

every time you log in with the admin password.

Figure 10 Change Password at Login

4 Select Go to Wizard setup and click Apply to display the wizard main screen.

Otherwise, select Go to Advanced setup and click Apply to display the Status screen.

Figure 11 Select a Mode

" The management session automatically times out when the time period set in

the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply
log back into the ZyXEL Device if this happens.

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

41

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device

If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the
RESET button at the back of the ZyXEL Device to reload the factory-default configuration
file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password
will be reset to “1234”.

2.3.1 Using the Reset Button

1 Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).
2 Press the RESET button for ten seconds or until the POWER LED begins to blink and

then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink, the defaults have been restored
and the ZyXEL Device restarts.

2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator

2.4.1 Navigation Panel

After you enter the admin password, use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure
ZyXEL Device features. The following table describes the sub-menus.

Figure 12 Web Configurator: Main Screen

Click the Logout icon at any time
to exit the web configurator.

Use the
submenus
to configure
ZyXEL
Device
features.

" Click the icon (located in the top right corner of most screens) to view

embedded help.

42

P-660HW-Dx v2 User’s Guide

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

Wizard INTERNET/

WIRELESS
SETUP

BANDWIDTH
MANAGEMENT
SETUP

Logout Click this icon to exit the web configurator.

Status This screen shows the ZyXEL Device’s general device, system

Network

WAN Internet

Connection

More Connections Use this screen to view and configure other connections for

WAN Backup
Setup

LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, enable Any

DHCP Setup Use this screen to configure LAN DHCP settings.

Client List

IP Alias Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets.

NAT General Use this screen to enable NAT.

Port Forwarding

Address Mapping Use this screen to configure network address translation

Security

Firewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall and the

Rules This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules, and allows

Anti Probing Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.

Threshold Use this screen to configure the threshold for DoS attacks.

Content Filter Keyword Use this screen to block sites containing certain keywords in

Schedule Use this screen to set the days and times for the ZyXEL

Trusted Use this screen to exclude a range of users on the LAN from

Advanced

Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes.

Use these screens for initial configuration including general
setup, ISP parameters for Internet Access and WAN IP/DNS
Server/MAC address assignment.

Use these screens to limit bandwidth usage by application or
packet type.

and interface status information. Use this screen to access the
summary statistics tables.

This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP
address assignment, DNS servers and other advanced
properties.

placing calls to another remote gateway.

Use this screen to configure your traffic redirect properties and
WAN backup settings.

IP and other advanced properties.

Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to
always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host
name).

Use this screen to configure servers behind the ZyXEL Device.

mapping rules.

direction of network traffic to which to apply the rule.

you to edit/add a firewall rule.

the URL.

Device to perform content filtering.

content filtering on your ZyXEL Device.

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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

Bandwidth
MGMT

Dynamic DNS Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.

Remote MGMT

UPnP Use this screen to enable UPnP on the ZyXEL Device.

Maintenance

System General This screen contains administrative and system-related

Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you

Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your ZyXEL Device.

Diagnostic General These screens display information to help you identify

Summary Use this screen to enable bandwidth management on an

Rule Setup Use this screen to define a bandwidth rule.

Monitor Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage

WWW Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

Te lnet Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

FTP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

SNMP Use this screen to configure your ZyXEL Device’s settings for

DNS Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

ICMP Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.

Time Setting Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s time and date.

Log Settings Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s log settings.

Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or

Restart This screen allows you to reboot the ZyXEL Device without

DSL Line These screens display information to help you identify

interface.

and allotments.

from which IP address(es) users can use HTTPS or HTTP to
manage the ZyXEL Device.

from which IP address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the
ZyXEL Device.

from which IP address(es) users can use FTP to access the
ZyXEL Device.

Simple Network Management Protocol management.

from which IP address(es) users can send DNS queries to the
ZyXEL Device.

information and also allows you to change your password.

selected.

reset the factory defaults to your ZyXEL Device.

turning the power off.

problems with the ZyXEL Device general connection.

problems with the DSL line.

2.4.2 Status Screen

The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen.
Some fields or links are not available if you entered the user password in the login password
screen (see Figure 9 on page 40). Not all fields are available on all models.

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Figure 13 Status Screen

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.

Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Refresh Interval Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all

Apply Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.

Device Information

Host Name This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System > General

Model Number This is your ZyXEL Device’s model name.

MAC Address This is the MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address unique to your

ZyNOS Firmware
Ver si on

DSL Firmware
Ver si on

WAN Information

DSL Mode This is the standard that your ZyXEL Device is using.

IP Address

IP Subnet Mask

Default Gateway This is the IP address of the default gateway, if applicable.

VPI/VCI This is the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier that you entered in

LAN Information

IP Address This is the LAN port IP address.

screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh the
screen statistics.

screen. It is for identification purposes.

ZyXEL Device.

This is the ZyNOS firmware version and the date created. ZyNOS is ZyXEL's
proprietary Network Operating System design.

This is the DSL firmware version associated with your ZyXEL Device. This is
sometimes needed by technicians to help troubleshoot problems.

This is the WAN port IP address.

This is the WAN port IP subnet mask.

the wizard or WAN screen.

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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Table 4 Status Screen (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN port IP subnet mask.

DHCP This is the WAN port DHCP role - Server, Relay or None.

WLAN Information (Wireless devices only)

SSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the ZyXEL Device in the wireless

LAN.

Channel This is the channel number used by the ZyXEL Device now.

Security This displays the level of wireless security the ZyXEL Device is using.

Security

Firewall This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s firewall is activated.

Content Filter This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s content filtering is activated.

System Status

System Uptime This is the total time the ZyXEL Device has been on.

Current Date/
Time

System Mode This displays whether the ZyXEL Device is functioning as a router or a bridge.

CPU Usage This number shows how many kilobytes of the heap memory the ZyXEL Device is

Memory Usage This number shows the ZyXEL Device's total heap memory (in kilobytes).

Interface Status

Interface This displays the ZyXEL Device port types.

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're using

Rate For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting.

Summary

Any IP Table Use this screen to view a list of IP addresses and MAC addresses of computers,

WLAN Status
(Wireless devices
only)

Bandwidth Status Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage and allotments.

Packet Statistics Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.

This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.

using. Heap memory refers to the memory that is not used by ZyNOS (ZyXEL
Network Operating System) and is thus available for running processes like NAT,
VPN and the firewall.

The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.

The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.

Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected), Idle
(line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're
using PPPoE encapsulation.

Ethernet port connections can be in half-duplex or full-duplex mode. Full-duplex
refers to a device's ability to send and receive simultaneously, while half-duplex
indicates that traffic can flow in only one direction at a time. The Ethernet port
must use the same speed or duplex mode setting as the peer Ethernet port in
order to connect.

For the WAN port, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate.

which are not in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device.

This screen displays the MAC address(es) of the wireless stations that are
currently associating with the ZyXEL Device.

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2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table

Click the Any IP Table hyperlink in the Status screen. The Any IP table shows current read-
only information (including the IP address and the MAC address) of all network devices that
use the Any IP feature to communicate with the ZyXEL Device.

Figure 14 Status: Any IP Table

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 5 Status: Any IP Table

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of the host computer.

IP Address This field displays the IP address of the network device.

MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the computer with the

displayed IP address.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC address. The MAC address is assigned at

the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.

Refresh Click Refresh to update this screen.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status

Click the WLAN Status hyperlink in the Status screen to view the wireless stations that are
currently associated to the ZyXEL Device.

Figure 15 Status: WLAN Status

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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 6 Status: WLAN Status

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of an associated wireless station.

MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of an associated wireless

station.

Association
TIme

Refresh Click Refresh to reload this screen.

This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the ZyXEL Device.

2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status

Click the Bandwidth Status hyperlink in the Status screen. Select an interface from the drop­down list box to view the bandwidth usage of its bandwidth rules. The gray section of the bar
represents the percentage of unused bandwidth and the blue color represents the percentage of
bandwidth in use.

Figure 16 Status: Bandwidth Status

2.4.6 Status: Packet Statistics

Click the Packet Statistics hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here
includes port status and packet specific statistics. Also provided are "system up time" and "poll
interval(s)". The Poll Interval(s) field is configurable. Not all fields are available on all
models

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Figure 17 Status: Packet Statistics

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics

LABEL DESCRIPTION

System Monitor

System up Time This is the elapsed time the system has been up.

Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.

CPU Usage This field specifies the percentage of CPU utilization.

Memory Usage This field specifies the percentage of memory utilization.

WAN Port Statistics

Link Status This is the status of your WAN link.

WAN IP Address This is the IP address of your WAN.

Upstream Speed This is the upstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.

Downstream Speed This is the downstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.

Node-Link This field displays the remote node index number and link type. Link types are

PPPoA, ENET, RFC 1483 and PPPoE.

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're

TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.

RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.

Errors This field displays the number of error packets on this port.

Tx B/s This field displays the number of bytes transmitted in the last second.

Rx B/s This field displays the number of bytes received in the last second.

Up Time This field displays the elapsed time this port has been up.

using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.

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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

LAN Port Statistics

Interface This field displays the type of port.

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're

using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.

TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.

RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.

Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port.

Poll Interval(s) Type the time interval for the browser to refresh system statistics.

Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval

field above.

Stop Click this button to halt the refreshing of the system statistics.

2.4.7 Changing Login Password

It is highly recommended that you periodically change the password for accessing the ZyXEL
Device. If you didn’t change the default one after you logged in or you want to change to a
new password again, then click Maintenance > System to display the screen shown next. See

Table 90 on page 228 for detailed field descriptions.

Figure 18 System General

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PART II

Wizards

Wizard Setup for Internet Access (53)

Bandwidth Management Wizard (67)

51

52

CHAPTER 3

Wizard Setup for Internet Access

This chapter provides information on the Wizard Setup screens for Internet access in the web
configurator.

3.1 Introduction

Use the wizard setup screens to configure your system for Internet access with the information
given to you by your ISP.

" See the advanced menu chapters for background information on these fields.

3.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup

1 After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard

setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.

Figure 19 Select a Mode

2 Click INTERNET/WIRELESS SETUP to configure the system for Internet access.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 20 Wizard: Welcome

3 The wizard attempts to detect which WAN connection type you are using.

If the wizard detects your connection type and your ISP uses PPPoE or PPPoA, go to

Section 3.2.1 on page 55. The screen varies depending on the connection type you use.

If the wizard does not detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see

Figure 21 on page 54), check your hardware connections and click Restart the Internet/

Wireless Setup Wizard to have the ZyXEL Device detect your connection again.

Figure 21 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection

If the wizard still cannot detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see

Figure 22 on page 55), click Next and refer to Section 3.2.2 on page 55 on how to

configure the ZyXEL Device for Internet access manually.

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Figure 22 Auto Detection: Failed

3.2.1 Automatic Detection

1 If you have a PPPoE or PPPoA connection, a screen displays prompting you to enter

your Internet account information. Enter the username, password and/or service name
exactly as provided.

2 Click Next.

Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 23 Auto-Detection: PPPoE

3.2.2 Manual Configuration

1 If the ZyXEL Device fails to detect your DSL connection type, enter the Internet access

information given to you by your ISP exactly in the wizard screen. If not given, leave the
fields set to the default.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 24 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Mode From the Mode drop-down list box, select Routing (default) if your ISP allows

Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list

Multiplexing Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list

Virtual Circuit IDVPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual circuit.

VPI Enter the VPI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.

VCI Enter the VCI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.

Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen. The next wizard screen you see

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

multiple computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.

box. Choices vary depending on what you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or

PPPoE.

box either VC-based or LLC-based.

Refer to the appendix for more information.

depends on what protocol you chose above.

2 The next wizard screen varies depending on what mode and encapsulation type you use.

All screens shown are with routing mode. Configure the fields and click Next to
continue.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 25 Internet Connection with PPPoE

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form

Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.

Service Name Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.

Figure 26 Internet Connection with RFC 1483

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483

LABEL DESCRIPTION

IP Address This field is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

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Type your ISP assigned IP address in this field.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

Figure 27 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Tabl e 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically

Static IP
Address

IP Address Enter your ISP assigned IP address.

Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.

Gateway IP
address

First DNS
Server

Second DNS
Server

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not
fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet.

Select Obtain an IP Address Automatically if you have a dynamic IP address.

Select Static IP Address if your ISP gives you a fixed IP address.

Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.

You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you use ENET
ENCAP in the Encapsulation field in the previous screen.

Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers are passed to the DHCP
clients along with the IP address and the subnet mask.

As above.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 28 Internet Connection with PPPoA

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name Enter the login name that your ISP gives you.

Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

• If the user name and/or password you entered for PPPoE or PPPoA connection are not
correct, the screen displays as shown next. Click Back to Username and Password setup
to go back to the screen where you can modify them.

Figure 29 Connection Test Failed-1

• If the following screen displays, check if your account is activated or click Restart the
Internet/Wireless Setup Wizard to verify your Internet access settings.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 30 Connection Test Failed-2.

3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup

After you configure the Internet access information, use the following screens to set up your
wireless LAN.

1 Select Ye s and click Next to configure wireless settings. Otherwise, select No and skip to

Step 6.

Figure 31 Connection Test Successful

2 Use this screen to activate the wireless LAN and OTIST. Click Next to continue.

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Figure 32 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1

Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the check box to turn on the wireless LAN.

Enable OTIST Select the check box to enable OTIST if you want to transfer your ZyXEL

Device’s SSID and WPA-PSK security settings to wireless clients that support
OTIST and are within transmission range.

You must also activate and start OTIST on the wireless client at the same time.
The process takes three minutes to complete.

Note: Enable OTIST only if your wireless clients support WPA

and OTIST.

Setup Key Type an OTIST Setup Key of up to eight ASCII characters in length. Be sure to

Back

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

use the same OTIST Setup Key on the ZyXEL Device and wireless clients.

Click Back to display the previous screen.

3 Configure your wireless settings in this screen. Click Next.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 33 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Network
Name(SSID)

Channel
Selection

Security Select Automatically assign a WPA key (Recommended) to have the ZyXEL

Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless
LAN.

If you change this field on the ZyXEL Device, make sure all wireless stations use the
same SSID in order to access the network.

The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices is called a
channel. Select a channel ID that is not already in use by a neighboring device.

Device create a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically only if your wireless clients
support WPA and OTIST. This option is available only when you enable OTIST in the
previous wizard screen.

Select Manually assign a WPA-PSK key to configure a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK).
Choose this option only if your wireless clients support WPA. See Section 3.3.1 on

page 63 for more information.

Select Manually assign a WEP key to configure a WEP Key. See Section 3.3.2 on

page 63 for more information.

Select Disable wireless security to have no wireless LAN security configured and
your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.

Note: If you enable OTIST in the previous wizard screen but select

Disable wireless security here, the ZyXEL Device still creates

a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically.

If you enable OTIST and select Manually assign a WEP key,
the ZyXEL Device will replace the WEP key with a WPA-PSK.

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

" The wireless stations and ZyXEL Device must use the same SSID, channel ID

and WEP encryption key (if WEP is enabled), WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is enabled)
for wireless communication.

4 This screen varies depending on the security mode you selected in the previous screen.

Fill in the field (if available) and click Next.

3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key

Choose Manually assign a WPA-PSK key in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a Pre­Shared Key.

Figure 34 Manually assign a WPA key

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Pre-Shared
Key

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters. You can set up the most secure
wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You need to
configure an authentication server to do this.

3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key

Choose Manually assign a WEP key to setup WEP Encryption parameters.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 35 Manually assign a WEP key

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Key The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the ZyXEL Device and the wireless

stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
Enter any 5, 13 or 29 ASCII characters or 10, 26 or 58 hexadecimal characters ("0-9",

"A-F") for a 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP key respectively.

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

5 Click Apply to save your wireless LAN settings.

Figure 36 Wireless LAN Setup 3

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

6 Use the read-only summary table to check whether what you have configured is correct.

Click Finish to complete and save the wizard setup.

Figure 37 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete

7 Launch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. Internet access is just the

beginning. Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete
range of ZyXEL Device features. If you cannot access the Internet, open the web
configurator again to confirm that the Internet settings you configured in the wizard setup
are correct.

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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

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CHAPTER 4

Bandwidth Management Wizard

This chapter shows you how to configure basic bandwidth management using the wizard
screens.

4.1 Introduction

Bandwidth management allows you to control the amount of bandwidth going out through the
ZyXEL Device’s WAN port and prioritize the distribution of the bandwidth according to
service bandwidth requirements. This helps keep one service from using all of the available
bandwidth and shutting out other users.

4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services

The following is a description of the services that you can select and to which you can apply
media bandwidth management using the wizard screens.

Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services

SERVICE DESCRIPTION

WWW The World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-

linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server
protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet;
rather, it is just one service on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include
Internet Relay Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a
browser.

FTP File Transfer Protocol enables fast transfer of files, including large files that may

not be possible by e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.

E-Mail Electronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific

groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail:
POP3 - port 110
IMAP - port 143
SMTP - port 25
HTTP - port 80

Telnet Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in

UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to
allow users to log into remote host systems. Telnet uses TCP port 23.

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Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard

Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services (continued)

SERVICE DESCRIPTION

NetMeeting
(H.323)

VoIP (SIP) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP. Session

VoIP (H.323) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP.

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but

A multimedia communications product from Microsoft that enables groups to
teleconference and videoconference over the Internet. NetMeeting supports VoIP,
text chat sessions, a whiteboard, file transfers and application sharing.

NetMeeting uses H.323. H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that
provides audio, data and video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point
and multipoint communication between client computers over a packet-based
network that does not provide a guaranteed quality of service.

H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.

Initiated Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized standard for implementing
VoIP. SIP is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the
setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the
Internet.

SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over TCP,
using the default port number 5060.

H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that provides audio, data and
video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point and multipoint
communication between client computers over a packet-based network that does
not provide a guaranteed quality of service.

H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.

uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol).

4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup

1 After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard

setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.

Figure 38 Select a Mode

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Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard

2 Click BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT SETUP to configure the system for Internet

access.

Figure 39 Wizard: Welcome

3 Activate bandwidth management and select to allocate bandwidth to packets based on

the service requirements.

Figure 40 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information

The following fields describe the label in this screen.

Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the Active check box to have the ZyXEL Device apply bandwidth

management to traffic going out through the ZyXEL Device’s port(s).
Select Services Setup to allocate bandwidth based on the service requirements.

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

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Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

4 Use the second wizard screen to select the services that you want to apply bandwidth

management and select the priorities that you want to apply to the services listed.

Figure 41 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration

70

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select an entry’s Active check box to turn on bandwidth management for the service/

application.

Service These fields display the services names.

Priority Select High, Mid or Low priority for each service to have your ZyXEL Device use a

priority for traffic that matches that service.
A service with High priority is given as much bandwidth as it needs.
If you select services as having the same priority, then bandwidth is divided equally

amongst those services.
Services not specified in bandwidth management are allocated bandwidth after all

specified services receive their bandwidth requirements.
If the rules set up in this wizard are changed in Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT >

Rule Setup, then the service priority radio button will be set to User Configured.
The Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup screen allows you to edit these

rule configurations.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

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Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

5 Follow the on-screen instructions and click Finish to complete the wizard setup and save

your configuration.

Figure 42 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete

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PART III

Network

WA N S e t u p ( 7 5 )

LAN Setup (93)

Wireless LAN (105)

Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens (129)

73

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CHAPTER 5

WAN Setup

This chapter describes how to configure WAN settings.

5.1 WAN Overview

A WAN (Wide Area Network) is an outside connection to another network or the Internet.

5.1.1 Encapsulation

Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The ZyXEL Device supports
the following methods.

5.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP

The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the
IP network protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN
interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For
instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP
requires that you specify a gateway IP address in the ENET ENCAP Gateway field in the
second wizard screen. You can get this information from your ISP.

5.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) provides access control and billing
functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard
(RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem
(DSL, cable, etc.) connection.

For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with
existing access control systems (for example RADIUS).

One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services,
a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily
create and offer new IP services for individuals.

Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires
no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.

By implementing PPPoE directly on the ZyXEL Device (rather than individual computers),
the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the ZyXEL Device
does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have
access.

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5.1.1.3 PPPoA

PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA
connection functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The ZyXEL Device encapsulates the
PPP session based on RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual
Circuit) to the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please
refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information
on PPP.

5.1.1.4 RFC 1483

RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation
Layer 5 (AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single
ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each
protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer
to the RFC for more detailed information.

5.1.2 Multiplexing

There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be
sure to use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.

5.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing

In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit;
for example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments
where dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.

5.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing

In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being
contained in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this
method may be advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried
protocol, for example, if charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.

5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios

For Internet access you should use the encapsulation and multiplexing methods used by your
ISP. Consult your telephone company for information on encapsulation and multiplexing
methods for LAN-to-LAN applications, for example between a branch office and corporate
headquarters. There must be prior agreement on encapsulation and multiplexing methods
because they cannot be automatically determined. What method(s) you use also depends on
how many VCs you have and how many different network protocols you need. The extra
overhead that ENET ENCAP encapsulation entails makes it a poor choice in a LAN-to-LAN
application. Here are some examples of more suitable combinations in such an application.

5.1.3.1 Scenario 1: One VC, Multiple Protocols

PPPoA (RFC-2364) encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing is the best combination
because no extra protocol identifying headers are needed. The PPP protocol already contains
this information.

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5.1.3.2 Scenario 2: One VC, One Protocol (IP)

Selecting RFC-1483 encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing requires the least amount of
overhead (0 octets). However, if there is a potential need for multiple protocol support in the
future, it may be safer to select PPPoA encapsulation instead of RFC-1483, so you do not
need to reconfigure either computer later.

5.1.3.3 Scenario 3: Multiple VCs

If you have an equal number (or more) of VCs than the number of protocols, then select RFC­1483 encapsulation and VC-based multiplexing.

5.1.4 VPI and VCI

Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI)
numbers assigned to you. The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to
65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see the appendix for
more information.

5.1.5 IP Address Assignment

Chapter 5 WAN Setup

A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you
a different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you
have either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences
your choices for IP address and ENET ENCAP gateway.

5.1.5.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation

If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not
applicable (N/A). If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and
not the ENET ENCAP Gateway field.

5.1.5.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation

In this case the IP Address Assignment must be static with the same requirements for the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as stated above.

5.1.5.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation

In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a
dynamic IP, the ZyXEL Device acts as a DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable (N/A) as the DHCP server

assigns them to the ZyXEL Device.

5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP)

A nailed-up connection is a dial-up line where the connection is always up regardless of traffic
demand. The ZyXEL Device does two things when you specify a nailed-up connection. The
first is that idle timeout is disabled. The second is that the ZyXEL Device will try to bring up
the connection when turned on and whenever the connection is down. A nailed-up connection
can be very expensive for obvious reasons.

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Do not specify a nailed-up connection unless your telephone company offers flat-rate service
or you need a constant connection and the cost is of no concern

5.1.7 NAT

NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a
host in a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one
network to a different IP address known within another network.

5.2 Metric

The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route for
transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop count as the
measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected networks. The number
must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15" means the link is down. The
smaller the number, the lower the "cost".

The metric sets the priority for the ZyXEL Device’s routes to the Internet. If any two of the
default routes have the same metric, the ZyXEL Device uses the following pre-defined
priorities:

• Normal route: designated by the ISP (see Section 5.5 on page 80)

• Traffic-redirect route (see Section 5.7 on page 89)

• WAN-backup route, also called dial-backup (see Section 5.8 on page 89)

For example, if the normal route has a metric of "1" and the traffic-redirect route has a metric
of "2" and dial-backup route has a metric of "3", then the normal route acts as the primary
default route. If the normal route fails to connect to the Internet, the ZyXEL Device tries the
traffic-redirect route next. In the same manner, the ZyXEL Device uses the dial-backup route
if the traffic-redirect route also fails.

If you want the dial-backup route to take first priority over the traffic-redirect route or even the
normal route, all you need to do is set the dial-backup route’s metric to "1" and the others to
"2" (or greater).

IP Policy Routing overrides the default routing behavior and takes priority over all of the
routes mentioned above.

5.3 Traffic Shaping

Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average
rate and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps
eliminate congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and
video connections.

78

Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter
may be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits),
so a maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not
guaranteed because it is dependent on the line speed.

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Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the
maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be
greater than the PCR.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR.
After MBS is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At
this time, more cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.

If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value
that correlates to your upstream line rate.

The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.

Figure 43 Example of Traffic Shaping

5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes

These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.

5.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR)

Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is
being sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for
connections that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and
if traffic exceeds this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR
would be high-resolution video and voice.

5.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR)

The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections
that use the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or
non-real time (VBR-nRT) connections.

The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require
closely controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a
PCR is specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT
connection would be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers
and the bandwidth requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.

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The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do
not require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty"
traffic typical on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum
level. An example of an VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.

5.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)

The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR
doesn't guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare
bandwidth. An example application is background file transfer.

5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access

Once you turn on and connect the ZyXEL Device to a telephone jack, it automatically detects
the Internet connection settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method)
from the ISP and makes the necessary configuration changes. In cases where additional
account information (such as an Internet account user name and password) is required or the
ZyXEL Device cannot connect to the ISP, you will be redirected to web screen(s) for
information input or troubleshooting.

Zero configuration for Internet access is disable when

• the ZyXEL Device is in bridge mode

• you set the ZyXEL Device to use a static (fixed) WAN IP address.

5.5 Internet Connection

To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN Internet access settings, click Network > WAN. The
screen differs by the encapsulation.

See Section 5.1 on page 75 for more information.

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Figure 44 Internet Connection (PPPoE)

Chapter 5 WAN Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 20 Internet Connection

LABEL DESCRIPTION

General

Name Enter the name of your Internet Service Provider, e.g., MyISP. This information

Mode Select Routing (default) from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple

Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list

User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your

Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the

Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.

Virtual Circuit ID VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual

is for identification purposes only.

computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.

box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET

ENCAP or PPPoE.

ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.

user name above.

Choices are VC or LLC.

circuit. Refer to the appendix for more information.

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Table 20 Internet Connection (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.

VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local

IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically

Static IP Address Select this if your ISP gave you a fixed IP address. Enter the IP address you

IP Address If your ISP gave you an IP address to use, enter it here.

Subnet Mask
(ENET ENCAP

encapsulation only)

Gateway IP address
(ENET ENCAP

encapsulation only)

Connection
(PPPoA and PPPoE

encapsulation only)

Nailed-Up
Connection

Connect on
Demand

Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced Internet Connection Setup screen

management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.

Select this if you get a dynamic IP address from your Internet Service Provider
(ISP). A dynamic IP address is not fixed; your ISP assigns you a different one
each time you connect to the Internet.

This option is not available if you select RFC 1483 in the Encapsulation field.

were given in the IP Address field.

Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing

subnetting.

You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you select
ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation field

Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.

Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time
and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.

on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.

and edit more details of your WAN setup.

5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup

To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the Internet Connection screen. The screen appears as shown.

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Figure 45 Advanced Internet Connection Setup

Chapter 5 WAN Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

RIP & Multicast
Setup

RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.

RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.

Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to

ATM Q oS

ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice

Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell

Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be

Maximum Burst
Size

establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.

or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.

Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.

transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be
sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.

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Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Zero
Configuration

PPPoE
Passthrough

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

This feature is not applicable/available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to
use a static WAN IP address or in bridge mode.

Select Yes to set the ZyXEL Device to automatically detect the Internet connection
settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method) from the
ISP and make the necessary configuration changes.

Select No to disable this feature. You must manually configure the ZyXEL Device
for Internet access.

This feature is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
In addition to the ZyXEL Device's built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE

pass through to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on
their computers to connect to the ISP via the ZyXEL Device. Each host can have a
separate account and a public WAN IP address.

PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not
appropriate.

Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use
PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP.

5.6 Configuring More Connections

This section describes the protocol-independent parameters for a remote network. They are
required for placing calls to a remote gateway and the network behind it across a WAN
connection. When you use the WAN > Internet Connection screen to set up Internet access,
you are configuring the first WAN connection.

Click Network > WAN > More Connections to display the screen as shown next.

Figure 46 More Connections

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The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 22 More Connections

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of a connection.

Active This display whether this connection is activated. Clear the check box to disable

the connection. Select the check box to enable it.

Name This is the descriptive name for this connection.

VPI/VCI This is the VPI and VCI values used for this connection.

Encapsulation This is the method of encapsulation used for this connection.

Modify The first (ISP) connection is read-only in this screen. Use the WAN > Internet

Connection screen to edit it.
Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the connection.
Click the delete icon to remove an existing connection. You cannot remove the

first connection.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

5.6.1 More Connections Edit

Chapter 5 WAN Setup

Click the edit icon ( ) in the More Connections screen to configure a connection.

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Figure 47 More Connections Edit

86

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 23 More Connections Edit

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the check box to activate or clear the check box to deactivate this

connection.

Name Enter a unique, descriptive name of up to 13 ASCII characters for this

connection.

Mode Select Routing from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple

computers to share an Internet account.
If you select Bridge, the ZyXEL Device will forward any packet that it does not

route to this remote node; otherwise, the packets are discarded.

Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list

box. Choices are PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or PPPoE.

User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your

ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.

Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the

user name above.

Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

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Table 23 More Connections Edit (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.

Choices are VC or LLC.
By prior agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific virtual circuit, for example,

VC1 will carry IP. If you select VC, specify separate VPI and VCI numbers for
each protocol.

For LLC-based multiplexing or PPP encapsulation, one VC carries multiple
protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each packet
header. In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be specified for
all protocols.

VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.

VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local

IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically

Static IP Address Select this if your ISP gave you a fixed IP address. Enter the IP address you

IP Address If your ISP gave you an IP address to use, enter it here.

Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.

Gateway IP address Specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP).

Connection

Nailed-Up
Connection

Connect on
Demand

Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect

NAT NAT is the translation of the IP address of a host in a packet, for example, the

None Select None to disable NAT.

SUA Only SUA only is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Advanced Setup Click this button to display the More Connections Advanced screen and edit

management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.

Select this if you get a dynamic IP address from your Internet Service Provider
(ISP). A dynamic IP address is not fixed; your ISP assigns you a different one
each time you connect to the Internet.

This option is not available if you select RFC 1483 in the Encapsulation field.

were given in the IP Address field.

Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.

Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.

Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time
and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.

on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.

source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network to a different IP
address known within another network.

Select SUA Only if you have one public IP address and want to use NAT. Click
Edit to go to the Port Forwarding screen to edit a server mapping set.

more details of your WAN setup.

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5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup

To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the More Connections Edit screen. The screen appears as shown.

Figure 48 More Connections Advanced Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

RIP & Multicast
Setup

RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.

RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.

Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to

establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.

ATM Q oS

ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice

or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.

Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell

Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.

Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be

transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.

Maximum Burst
Size

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be
sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.

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5.7 Traffic Redirect

Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot connect
to the Internet. An example is shown in the figure below.

Figure 49 Traffic Redirect Example

The following network topology allows you to avoid triangle route security issues when the
backup gateway is connected to the LAN. Use IP alias to configure the LAN into two or three
logical networks with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN network. Put the
protected LAN in one subnet (Subnet 1 in the following figure) and the backup gateway in
another subnet (Subnet 2). Configure filters that allow packets from the protected LAN
(Subnet 1) to the backup gateway (Subnet 2).

Chapter 5 WAN Setup

Figure 50 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup

5.8 Configuring WAN Backup

To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN backup settings, click Network > WAN > WAN
Backup Setup. The screen appears as shown.

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Figure 51 WAN Backup Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 25 WAN Backup Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

WAN Backup
Setup

Backup Type Select the method that the ZyXEL Device uses to check the DSL connection.

Select DSL Link to have the ZyXEL Device check if the connection to the DSLAM
is up. Select ICMP to have the ZyXEL Device periodically ping the IP addresses
configured in the Check WAN IP Address fields.

Check WAN IP
Address1-3

Configure this field to test your ZyXEL Device's WAN accessibility. Type the IP
address of a reliable nearby computer (for example, your ISP's DNS server
address).

Note: If you activate either traffic redirect or dial backup, you

must configure at least one IP address here.

When using a WAN backup connection, the ZyXEL Device periodically pings the
addresses configured here and uses the other WAN backup connection (if
configured) if there is no response.

Fail Tolerance Type the number of times (2 recommended) that your ZyXEL Device may ping the

IP addresses configured in the Check WAN IP Address field without getting a
response before switching to a WAN backup connection (or a different WAN
backup connection).

Recovery Interval When the ZyXEL Device is using a lower priority connection (usually a WAN

backup connection), it periodically checks to whether or not it can use a higher
priority connection.

Type the number of seconds (30 recommended) for the ZyXEL Device to wait
between checks. Allow more time if your destination IP address handles lots of
traffic.

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Chapter 5 WAN Setup

Table 25 WAN Backup Setup (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Timeout Type the number of seconds (3 recommended) for your ZyXEL Device to wait for a

ping response from one of the IP addresses in the Check WAN IP Address field
before timing out the request. The WAN connection is considered "down" after the
ZyXEL Device times out the number of times specified in the Fail Tolerance field.
Use a higher value in this field if your network is busy or congested.

Traffic Redirect Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device

Active Traffic
Redirect

cannot connect to the Internet.

Select this check box to have the ZyXEL Device use traffic redirect if the normal
WAN connection goes down.

Note: If you activate traffic redirect, you must configure at least

one Check WAN IP Address.

Metric This field sets this route's priority among the routes the ZyXEL Device uses.

The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best
route for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses
hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly
connected networks. The number must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater
than "15" means the link is down. The smaller the number, the lower the "cost".

Backup Gateway Type the IP address of your backup gateway in dotted decimal notation. The

ZyXEL Device automatically forwards traffic to this IP address if the ZyXEL
Device's Internet connection terminates.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

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CHAPTER 6

LAN Setup

This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.

6.1 LAN Overview

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers
are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same
building or floor of a building. The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server
and manage IP addresses.

See Section 6.3 on page 98 to configure the LAN screens.

6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device

The actual physical connection determines whether the ZyXEL Device ports are LAN or
WAN ports. There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other
outside the WAN network as shown next.

Figure 52 LAN and WAN IP Addresses

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6.1.2 DHCP Setup

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual
clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the ZyXEL
Device as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the ZyXEL Device
provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If you turn DHCP service off, you must
have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.

6.1.2.1 IP Pool Setup

The ZyXEL Device is pre-configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients (DHCP
Pool). See the product specifications in the appendices. Do not assign static IP addresses from
the DHCP pool to your LAN computers.

6.1.3 DNS Server Address

DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address
and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the
IP address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server addresses that you enter in
the DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and
subnet mask.

There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP
to tell a customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when
s/he signs up. If your ISP gives you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server
fields in DHCP Setup, otherwise, leave them blank.

Some ISP’s choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP
Control Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers,
chances are the DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The ZyXEL Device
supports the IPCP DNS server extensions through the DNS proxy feature.

If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen are not
specified, for instance, left as 0.0.0.0, the ZyXEL Device tells the DHCP clients that it itself is
the DNS server. When a computer sends a DNS query to the ZyXEL Device, the ZyXEL
Device forwards the query to the real DNS server learned through IPCP and relays the
response back to the computer.

Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It
does not mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances.
If your ISP gives you explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the
DHCP Setup screen. This way, the ZyXEL Device can pass the DNS servers to the computers
and the computers can query the DNS server directly without the ZyXEL Device’s
intervention.

6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment

94

Use DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a computer before you can access it.

There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses.

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• The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet,
when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS
Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen.

• The ZyXEL Device acts as a DNS proxy when the Primary and Secondary DNS Server
fields are left as 0.0.0.0 in the DHCP Setup screen.

6.2 LAN TCP/IP

The ZyXEL Device has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS
servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.

6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask

Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a
LAN share one common network number.

Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or
your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their
instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.

Chapter 6 LAN Setup

If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single
user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is
established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from

192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0 and you must enable the Network Address Translation (NAT)
feature of the ZyXEL Device. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this
block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you
are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254
individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other
words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an
individual computer on that network.

Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember,
for instance, 192.168.1.1, for your ZyXEL Device, but make sure that no other device on your
network is using that IP address.

The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your ZyXEL Device
will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You
don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are
instructed to do otherwise.

6.2.1.1 Private IP Addresses

Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from
the Internet, for example, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP
addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
(IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private
networks:

• 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255

• 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255

• 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255

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You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or it can be assigned from a
private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an
ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other
hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network
administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.

" Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;

always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address
assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets
and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.

6.2.2 RIP Setup

RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with
other routers. The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets.
When set to:

• Both - the ZyXEL Device will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate the
RIP information that it receives.

• In Only - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets but will accept all RIP packets
received.

• Out Only - the ZyXEL Device will send out RIP packets but will not accept any RIP
packets received.

• None - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets
received.

The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the
ZyXEL Device sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally
supported; but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks,
unless you have an unusual network topology.

Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that

RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting.

6.2.3 Multicast

Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1
recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to
a group of hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1.

IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC

2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If
you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP
version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is
used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address

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224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address

224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts
(including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP.
The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.

The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-
v2). At start up, the ZyXEL Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group
membership. After that, the ZyXEL Device periodically updates this information. IP
multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the ZyXEL Device LAN and/or WAN interfaces in
the web configurator (LAN; WAN). Select None to disable IP multicasting on these
interfaces.

6.2.4 Any IP

Traditionally, you must set the IP addresses and the subnet masks of a computer and the
ZyXEL Device to be in the same subnet to allow the computer to access the Internet (through
the ZyXEL Device). In cases where your computer is required to use a static IP address in
another network, you may need to manually configure the network settings of the computer
every time you want to access the Internet via the ZyXEL Device.

With the Any IP feature and NAT enabled, the ZyXEL Device allows a computer to access the
Internet without changing the network settings (such as IP address and subnet mask) of the
computer, when the IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the same
subnet. Whether a computer is set to use a dynamic or static (fixed) IP address, you can simply
connect the computer to the ZyXEL Device and access the Internet.

Chapter 6 LAN Setup

The following figure depicts a scenario where a computer is set to use a static private IP
address in the corporate environment. In a residential house where a ZyXEL Device is
installed, you can still use the computer to access the Internet without changing the network
settings, even when the IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the
same subnet.

Figure 53 Any IP Example

The Any IP feature does not apply to a computer using either a dynamic IP address or a static
IP address that is in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device’s IP address.

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" You must enable NAT/SUA to use the Any IP feature on the ZyXEL Device.

6.2.4.1 How Any IP Works

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP
address) to a physical machine address, also known as a Media Access Control or MAC
address, on the local area network. IP routing table is defined on IP Ethernet devices (the
ZyXEL Device) to decide which hop to use,
destination.

The following lists out the steps taken, when a computer tries to access the Internet for the first
time through the ZyXEL Device.

1 When a computer (which is in a different subnet) first attempts to access the Internet, it

sends packets to its default gateway (which is not the ZyXEL Device) by looking at the
MAC address in its ARP table.

2 When the computer cannot locate the default gateway, an ARP request is broadcast on

the LAN.

3 The ZyXEL Device receives the ARP request and replies to the computer with its own

MAC address.

4 The computer updates the MAC address for the default gateway to the ARP table. Once

the ARP table is updated, the computer is able to access the Internet through the ZyXEL
Device.

5 When the ZyXEL Device receives packets from the computer, it creates an entry in the

IP routing table so it can properly forward packets intended for the computer.

to help forward data along to its specified

After all the routing information is updated, the computer can access the ZyXEL Device and
the Internet as if it is in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device.

6.3 Configuring LAN IP

Click LAN to open the IP screen. See Section 6.1 on page 93 for background information.

Figure 54 LAN IP

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The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 26 LAN IP

LABEL DESCRIPTION

LAN TCP/IP

IP Address Enter the IP address of your ZyXEL Device in dotted decimal notation, for

example, 192.168.1.1 (factory default).

IP Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask assigned to you by your ISP (if given).

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced LAN Setup screen and edit more

details of your LAN setup.

6.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup

To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced LAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in the
LAN IP screen. The screen appears as shown.

Figure 55 Advanced LAN Setup

Chapter 6 LAN Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 27 Advanced LAN Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

RIP & Multicast
Setup

RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.

RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.

Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to

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establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.

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Table 27 Advanced LAN Setup (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Any IP Setup Select the Active check box to enable the Any IP feature. This allows a computer

Windows
Networking
(NetBIOS over
TCP/IP)

Allow between
LAN and WAN

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

to access the Internet without changing the network settings (such as IP address
and subnet mask) of the computer, even when the IP addresses of the computer
and the ZyXEL Device are not in the same subnet.

When you disable the Any IP feature, only computers with dynamic IP addresses or
static IP addresses in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device’s LAN IP address can
connect to the ZyXEL Device or access the Internet through the ZyXEL Device.

NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) are TCP or UDP packets that
enable a computer to connect to and communicate with a LAN. For some dial-up
services such as PPPoE or PPTP, NetBIOS packets cause unwanted calls.
However it may sometimes be necessary to allow NetBIOS packets to pass
through to the WAN in order to find a computer on the WAN.

Select this check box to forward NetBIOS packets from the LAN to the WAN and
from the WAN to the LAN. If your firewall is enabled with the default policy set to
block WAN to LAN traffic, you also need to enable the default WAN to LAN firewall
rule that forwards NetBIOS traffic.

Clear this check box to block all NetBIOS packets going from the LAN to the WAN
and from the WAN to the LAN.

6.4 DHCP Setup

Use this screen to configure the DNS server information that the ZyXEL Device sends to the
DHCP client devices on the LAN.

Figure 56 DHCP Setup

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