Page 1
AMG1202-T10A
Wireless N-lite ADSL2+ 4-port Ethernet Gateway
Default Login Details
IP Address http://192.168.1.1
Password 1234
Firmware Version 1.00
Edition 1, 6/2011
www.zyxel.com
www.zyxel.com
Copyright © 2011
ZyXEL Communications Corporation
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About This User's Guide
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the ZyXEL Device using the web
configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and
topology.
Related Documentation
•Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.
•Support Disc
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
•ZyXEL Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com
for additional support documentation and product certifications.
Documentation Feedback
Send your comments, questions or suggestions to: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
Thank you!
The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp.
Need More Help?
More help is available at www.zyxel.com.
• Download Library
Search for the latest product updates and documentation from this link. Read the Tech Doc
Overview to find out how to efficiently use the User Guide, Quick Start Guide and Command Line
Interface Reference Guide in order to better understand how to use your product.
AMG1202-T10A User’s Guide
3
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About This User's Guide
•Knowledge Base
If you have a specific question about your product, the answer may be here. This is a collection
of answers to previously asked questions about ZyXEL products.
•Forum
This contains discussions on ZyXEL products. Learn from others who use ZyXEL products and
share your experiences as well.
Customer Support
In the event of problems that cannot be solved by using this manual, you should contact your
vendor. If you cannot contact your vendor, then contact a ZyXEL office for the region in which you
bought the device. See http://www.zyxel.com/web/contact_us.php for contact information. Please
have the following information ready when you contact an office.
• Product model and serial number.
• Warranty Information.
• Date that you received your device.
• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
Disclaimer
Graphics in this book may differ slightly from the product due to differences in operating systems,
operating system versions, or if you installed updated firmware/software for your device. Every
effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate.
4
AMG1202-T10A User’s Guide
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Document Conventions
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
Note: Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The AMG1202-T10A may be referred to as the “ZyXEL Device”, the “device”, the “system” or the
“product” in this User’s Guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER] means the
“enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key. “Select”
or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example,
Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation panel,
then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For example, “k”
for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000” or “1048576” and so
on.
• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The ZyXEL Device icon is not an
exact representation of your device.
ZyXEL Device Computer Notebook computer
AMG1202-T10A User’s Guide
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Document Conventions
Server Firewall Telepho n e
Router Switch
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Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock
from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage
points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device. Please
contact your vendor for further information.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.
• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or
230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the product where anyone can
walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the device and the power source.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a remote risk of
electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your device.
• Use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication line cord.
• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when using the included
antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).
• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will be damaged.
Your product is marked with this symbol, which is known as the WEEE mark. WEEE stands for Waste
Electronics and Electrical Equipment. It means that used electrical and electronic products should not be
mixed with general waste. Used electrical and electronic equipment should be treated separately.
AMG1202-T10A User’s Guide
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Safety Warnings
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Contents Overview
Contents Overview
User’s Guide ...........................................................................................................................19
Introduction ................................................................................................................................21
The Web Configurator ................................................................................................................27
Status Screens ...........................................................................................................................33
Tutorials ..................................................................................................................................... 37
Technical Reference .............................................................................................................. 53
Internet and Wireless Setup Wizard........................................................................................... 55
WAN Setup ................................................................................................................................69
LAN Setup .................................................................................................................................. 85
Wireless LAN .............................................................................................................................97
Network Address Translation (NAT) ......................................................................................... 127
Firewall ..................................................................................................................................... 139
Filters ....................................................................................................................................... 143
Static Route .............................................................................................................................. 149
802.1Q/1P ................................................................................................................................ 153
Quality of Service (QoS) ..........................................................................................................159
Dynamic DNS Setup ................................................................................................................167
Remote Management ...............................................................................................................169
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ..............................................................................................178
System Settings ....................................................................................................................... 189
Logs ......................................................................................................................................... 193
Tools .........................................................................................................................................203
Diagnostic ................................................................................................................................ 209
Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................................213
Product Specifications ..............................................................................................................217
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Contents Overview
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
About This User's Guide .......................................................................................................... 3
Document Conventions ...........................................................................................................5
Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................7
Contents Overview ..................................................................................................................9
Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................11
Part I: User’s Guide ................................................................................19
Chapter 1
Introduction............................................................................................................................. 21
1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 21
1.2 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device ....................................................................................21
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device .....................................................................21
1.4 Applications for the ZyXEL Device .......................................................................................22
1.4.1 Internet Access ...........................................................................................................22
1.5 Wireless Access ...................................................................................................................22
1.5.1 Using the WPS/WLAN Button ....................................................................................23
1.6 LEDs (Lights) .......................................................................................................................24
1.7 The RESET Button ............................................................................................................... 25
1.7.1 Using the Reset Button ............................................................................................... 25
Chapter 2
The Web Configurator ............................................................................................................27
2.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 27
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator ................................................................................27
2.2 The Main Screen ..................................................................................................................29
2.2.1 Title Bar ...................................................................................................................... 29
2.2.2 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................30
2.2.3 Main Window ..............................................................................................................31
2.2.4 Status Bar ...................................................................................................................31
Chapter 3
Status Screens........................................................................................................................ 33
3.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 33
3.2 The Status Screen ................................................................................................................33
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Chapter 4
Tutorials ................................................................................................................................... 37
4.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 37
4.2 Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network ................................................................................ 37
4.2.1 Configuring the Wireless Network Settings ................................................................37
4.2.2 Using WPS ................................................................................................................. 38
4.2.3 Without WPS ..............................................................................................................42
4.2.4 Setting Up Wireless Network Scheduling ...................................................................43
4.3 Configuring the MAC Address Filter .....................................................................................44
4.4 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network .................................................... 46
4.5 Multiple Public and Private IP Address Mappings ................................................................ 49
4.5.1 Full Feature NAT + Many-to-Many No Overload Mapping .........................................49
4.5.2 Full Feature NAT + One-to-One Mapping ...................................................................51
4.6 Multiple WAN Connections Example ................................................................................... 52
Part II: Technical Reference................................................................... 53
Chapter 5
Internet and Wireless Setup Wizard...................................................................................... 55
5.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 55
5.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup ..............................................................................................55
5.2.1 Manual Configuration .................................................................................................58
5.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup ......................................................................................63
5.3.1 Manually Assign a WPA-PSK key ...............................................................................66
5.3.2 Manually Assign a WEP Key ...................................................................................... 66
Chapter 6
WAN Setup ..............................................................................................................................69
6.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 69
6.1.1 What You Can Do in the WAN Screens ......................................................................69
6.1.2 What You Need to Know About WAN .........................................................................69
6.1.3 Before You Begin ........................................................................................................70
6.2 The Internet Access Setup Screen ...................................................................................... 71
6.2.1 Advanced Internet Access Setup ...............................................................................73
6.3 The More Connections Screen ............................................................................................74
6.3.1 More Connections Edit ...............................................................................................76
6.3.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup ........................................................78
6.4 WAN Technical Reference ................................................................................................... 79
6.4.1 Encapsulation .............................................................................................................79
6.4.2 Multiplexing .................................................................................................................80
6.4.3 VPI and VCI ................................................................................................................ 80
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6.4.4 IP Address Assignment ..............................................................................................80
6.4.5 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ......................................................................................81
6.4.6 NAT ............................................................................................................................. 81
6.5 Traffic Shaping .....................................................................................................................81
6.5.1 ATM Traffic Classes .................................................................................................... 82
Chapter 7
LAN Setup ...............................................................................................................................85
7.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 85
7.1.1 What You Can Do in the LAN Screens .......................................................................85
7.1.2 What You Need To Know About LAN .........................................................................85
7.1.3 Before You Begin ........................................................................................................86
7.2 The LAN IP Screen ..............................................................................................................86
7.2.1 The Advanced LAN IP Setup Screen .........................................................................87
7.3 The DHCP Setup Screen ..................................................................................................... 88
7.4 The Client List Screen ..........................................................................................................89
7.5 The IP Alias Screen .............................................................................................................90
7.5.1 Configuring the LAN IP Alias Screen ..........................................................................91
7.6 LAN Technical Reference .....................................................................................................92
7.6.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device ..........................................................................92
7.6.2 DHCP Setup ...............................................................................................................93
7.6.3 DNS Server Addresses ..............................................................................................93
7.6.4 LAN TCP/IP ................................................................................................................93
7.6.5 RIP Setup ...................................................................................................................94
7.6.6 Multicast .....................................................................................................................95
Chapter 8
Wireless LAN...........................................................................................................................97
8.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 97
8.1.1 What You Can Do in the Wireless LAN Screens ........................................................97
8.1.2 What You Need to Know About Wireless ................................................................... 98
8.1.3 Before You Start ..........................................................................................................98
8.2 The AP Screen .....................................................................................................................99
8.2.1 No Security ...............................................................................................................100
8.2.2 WEP Encryption .......................................................................................................100
8.2.3 WPA(2)-PSK ............................................................................................................. 102
8.2.4 WPA(2) Authentication ..............................................................................................103
8.2.5 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup ................................................................................104
8.2.6 MAC Filter .............................................................................................................106
8.3 The More AP Screen ..........................................................................................................107
8.3.1 More AP Edit ............................................................................................................108
8.4 The WPS Screen ...............................................................................................................108
8.5 The WPS Station Screen ................................................................................................... 110
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8.6 The WDS Screen ............................................................................................................... 110
8.7 The Scheduling Screen ......................................................................................................112
8.8 Wireless LAN Technical Reference .................................................................................... 112
8.8.1 Wireless Network Overview ...................................................................................... 113
8.8.2 Additional Wireless Terms ........................................................................................ 114
8.8.3 Wireless Security Overview ...................................................................................... 114
8.8.4 Signal Problems ....................................................................................................... 117
8.8.5 BSS .......................................................................................................................... 117
8.8.6 MBSSID .................................................................................................................... 118
8.8.7 Wireless Distribution System (WDS) ........................................................................ 118
8.8.8 WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) .................................................................................... 118
Chapter 9
Network Address Translation (NAT).................................................................................... 127
9.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 127
9.1.1 What You Can Do in the NAT Screens .....................................................................127
9.1.2 What You Need To Know About NAT .......................................................................127
9.2 The NAT General Setup Screen ........................................................................................128
9.3 The Port Forwarding Screen .............................................................................................. 129
9.3.1 Configuring the Port Forwarding Screen .................................................................. 130
9.3.2 The Port Forwarding Rule Edit Screen .....................................................................131
9.4 The Address Mapping Screen ............................................................................................ 132
9.4.1 The Address Mapping Rule Edit Screen ..................................................................134
9.5 The ALG Screen ................................................................................................................ 135
9.6 NAT Technical Reference ...................................................................................................135
9.6.1 NAT Definitions .........................................................................................................135
9.6.2 What NAT Does ........................................................................................................136
9.6.3 How NAT Works .......................................................................................................136
9.6.4 NAT Application ........................................................................................................ 137
9.6.5 NAT Mapping Types .................................................................................................137
Chapter 10
Firewall ..................................................................................................................................139
10.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 139
10.1.1 What You Can Do in the Firewall Screens .............................................................. 139
10.1.2 What You Need to Know About Firewall .................................................................139
10.2 The Firewall Screen .........................................................................................................141
Chapter 11
Filters .....................................................................................................................................143
11.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................143
11.1.1 What You Can Do in the Filter Screens ..................................................................143
11.1.2 What You Need to Know About Filtering .................................................................143
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11.2 The URL Filter Screen ..................................................................................................... 144
11.3 The Application Filter Screen ...........................................................................................145
11.4 The IP/MAC Filter Screen ................................................................................................146
Chapter 12
Static Route........................................................................................................................... 149
12.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 149
12.1.1 What You Can Do in the Static Route Screens ....................................................... 150
12.2 The Static Route Screen .................................................................................................. 150
12.2.1 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................... 151
Chapter 13
802.1Q/1P...............................................................................................................................153
13.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 153
13.1.1 What You Can Do in the 802.1Q/1P Screens ......................................................... 153
13.1.2 What You Need to Know About 802.1Q/1P ............................................................153
13.2 The 802.1Q/1P Group Setting Screen .............................................................................154
13.2.1 Editing 802.1Q/1P Group Setting ...........................................................................156
13.3 The 802.1Q/1P Port Setting Screen .................................................................................157
Chapter 14
Quality of Service (QoS).......................................................................................................159
14.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 159
14.1.1 What You Can Do in the QoS Screens ...................................................................159
14.1.2 What You Need to Know About QoS ......................................................................160
14.2 The QoS Screen .............................................................................................................160
14.2.1 The QoS Settings Summary Screen ...................................................................... 163
14.3 QoS Technical Reference ................................................................................................164
14.3.1 IEEE 802.1p ...........................................................................................................164
14.3.2 IP Precedence ........................................................................................................164
14.3.3 Automatic Priority Queue Assignment ....................................................................164
Chapter 15
Dynamic DNS Setup ............................................................................................................. 167
15.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 167
15.1.1 What You Can Do in the DDNS Screen ..................................................................167
15.1.2 What You Need To Know About DDNS ..................................................................167
15.2 The Dynamic DNS Screen ...............................................................................................168
Chapter 16
Remote Management............................................................................................................ 169
16.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 169
16.1.1 What You Can Do in the Remote Management Screens .......................................170
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16.1.2 What You Need to Know About Remote Management ...........................................170
16.2 The WWW Screen ...........................................................................................................171
16.2.1 Configuring the WWW Screen ................................................................................171
16.3 The Telnet Screen ............................................................................................................171
16.4 The FTP Screen ...............................................................................................................172
16.5 The SNMP Screen ...........................................................................................................173
16.5.1 Configuring SNMP .................................................................................................. 175
16.6 The DNS Screen .............................................................................................................176
16.7 The ICMP Screen .............................................................................................................177
Chapter 17
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP).......................................................................................... 178
17.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 178
17.1.1 What You Can Do in the UPnP Screen ..................................................................178
17.1.2 What You Need to Know About UPnP .................................................................... 178
17.2 The UPnP Screen ............................................................................................................179
17.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example ..............................................................................180
17.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example .............................................................................183
Chapter 18
System Settings.................................................................................................................... 189
18.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 189
18.1.1 What You Can Do in the System Settings Screens ................................................189
18.2 The General Screen .........................................................................................................189
18.3 The Time and Date Screen ............................................................................................. 190
Chapter 19
Logs .......................................................................................................................................193
19.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 193
19.1.1 What You Need To Know About Logs .....................................................................193
19.2 The System Log Screen ................................................................................................... 193
19.3 Log Descriptions .............................................................................................................. 194
Chapter 20
Tools ......................................................................................................................................203
20.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 203
20.1.1 What You Can Do in the Tool Screens ...................................................................203
20.2 The Firmware Screen .......................................................................................................203
20.3 The Configuration Screen ................................................................................................206
20.4 The Restart Screen ..........................................................................................................208
Chapter 21
Diagnostic .............................................................................................................................209
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21.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 209
21.1.1 What You Can Do in the Diagnostic Screens ......................................................... 209
21.2 The General Screen .........................................................................................................209
21.3 The DSL Line Screen .......................................................................................................210
Chapter 22
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................213
22.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ....................................................................... 213
22.2 ZyXEL Device Access and Login .....................................................................................214
22.3 Internet Access ................................................................................................................215
Chapter 23
Product Specifications.........................................................................................................217
23.1 Hardware Specifications ...................................................................................................217
23.2 Firmware Specifications ...................................................................................................217
23.3 Wireless Features ............................................................................................................220
23.4 Power Adaptor Specifications ..........................................................................................222
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address........................................................... 225
Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting...........................................................................247
Appendix C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ..................................... 255
Appendix D Wireless LANs.................................................................................................. 265
Appendix E Services............................................................................................................279
Appendix F Legal Information..............................................................................................283
Index ......................................................................................................................................287
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PART I
User’s Guide
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20
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1.1 Overview
The AMG1202-T10A is an ADSL2+ router. By integrating DSL and NAT, you are provided with ease
of installation and high-speed, shared Internet access. The AMG1202-T10A is also a complete
security solution with a robust firewall and content filtering.
Only use firmware for your ZyXEL Device’s specific model. Refer to the
label on the bottom of your ZyXEL Device.
Note: All screens displayed in this user’s guide are from the AMG1202-T10A model.
See the product specifications for a full list of features.
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
1.2 Ways to Manage the ZyXEL Device
Use any of the following methods to manage the ZyXEL Device.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the ZyXEL Device using a
(supported) web browser.
• Command Line Interface. Line commands are mostly used for troubleshooting by service
engineers.
• FTP for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/restore.
• TR-069. This is an auto-configuration server used to remotely configure your device.
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the ZyXEL Device
Do the following things regularly to make the ZyXEL Device more secure and to manage the ZyXEL
Device more effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different
types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier
working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you
forget your password, you will have to reset the ZyXEL Device to its factory default settings. If
you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the ZyXEL
Device. You could simply restore your last configuration.
AMG1202-T10A User’s Guide 21
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1.4 Applications for the ZyXEL Device
Here are some example uses for which the ZyXEL Device is well suited.
1.4.1 Internet Access
Your ZyXEL Device provides shared Internet access by connecting the DSL port to the DSL or
MODEM jack on a splitter or your telephone jack. Computers can connect to the ZyXEL Device’s
LAN ports (or wirelessly).
Figure 1 ZyXEL Device’s Router Features
LAN
DSL
You can also configure firewall and filtering feature on the ZyXEL Device for secure Internet access.
When the firewall is on, all incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked unless it is
initiated from your network. This means that probes from the outside to your network are not
allowed, but you can safely browse the Internet and download files.
Use the filtering feature to block access to specific web sites or Internet applications such as MSN or
Yahoo Messenger. You can also configure IP/MAC filtering rules for incoming or outgoing traffic.
Use QoS to efficiently manage traffic on your network by giving priority to certain types of traffic
and/or to particular computers. For example, you could make sure that the ZyXEL Device gives
voice over Internet calls high priority, and/or limit bandwidth devoted to the boss’s excessive file
downloading.
1.5 Wireless Access
The ZyXEL Device is a wireless Access Point (AP) for wireless clients, such as notebook computers
or PDAs and iPads. It allows them to connect to the Internet without having to rely on inconvenient
Ethernet cables.
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You can configure your wireless network in either the built-in Web Configurator, or using the WPS
button.
Figure 2 Wireless Access Example
1.5.1 Using the WPS/WLAN Button
By default, the wireless network is turned off on the ZyXEL Device. To turn it on, simply press the
WPS/WLAN button on top of the device for 1 second. Once the WPS/WLAN LED turns green, the
wireless network is active.
Chapter 1 Introduction
You can also use the WPS/WLAN button to quickly set up a secure wireless connection between
the ZyXEL Device and a WPS-compatible client by adding one device at a time.
To activate WPS:
1 Make sure the POWER LED is on and not blinking.
2 Press the WPS/WLAN button for five to ten seconds and release it.
3 Press the WPS button on another WPS-enabled device within range of the ZyXEL Device. The WPS/
WLAN LED should flash while the ZyXEL Device sets up a WPS connection with the other wireless
device.
4 Once the connection is successfully made, the WPS/WLAN LED shines green.
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1.6 LEDs (Lights)
The following graphic displays the labels of the LEDs.
Figure 3 LEDs
None of the LEDs are on if the ZyXEL Device is not receiving power.
Table 1 LED Descriptions
LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
POWER Green On The ZyXEL Device is receiving power and ready for use.
Red On The ZyXEL Device detected an error while self-testing, or there is a
LAN 1-4 Green On The ZyXEL Device has an Ethernet connection with a device on the
WPS/WLAN Green On The wireless network is activated.
Orange Blinking The ZyXEL Device is setting up a WPS connection.
DSL Green On The DSL line is up.
INTERNET Green On The ZyXEL Device has an IP connection but no traffic.
Red On The ZyXEL Device attempted to make an IP connection but failed.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is self-testing.
device malfunction.
Off The ZyXEL Device is not receiving power.
Local Area Network (LAN).
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data to /from the LAN.
Off The ZyXEL Device does not have an Ethernet connection with the
LAN.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is communicating with other wireless clients.
Off The wireless network is not activated.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line.
Off The DSL line is down.
Your device has a WAN IP address (either static or assigned by a
DHCP server), PPP negotiation was successfully completed (if
used) and the DSL connection is up.
Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending or receiving IP traffic.
Possible causes are no response from a DHCP server, no PPPoE
response, PPPoE authentication failed.
Off The ZyXEL Device does not have an IP connection.
24
Refer to the Quick Start Guide for information on hardware connections.
AMG1202-T10A User’s Guide
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1.7 The RESET Button
If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the RESET
button at the back of the device to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you
will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password will be reset to “1234”.
1.7.1 Using the Reset Button
1 Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).
2 To set the device back to the factory default settings, press the RESET button for ten seconds or
until the POWER LED begins to blink and then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink,
the defaults have been restored and the device restarts.
Chapter 1 Introduction
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Chapter 1 Introduction
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2.1 Overview
The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy device setup and
management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or Netscape Navigator 7.0
and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.
In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in
Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScripts (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
See Appendix C on page 255 if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in Internet
Explorer.
CHAPTER 2
The Web Configurator
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator
1 Make sure your ZyXEL Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start Guide).
2 Launch your web browser.
3 Type "192.168.1.1" as the URL.
4 A password screen displays. To access the administrative web configurator and manage the ZyXEL
Device, type the admin password (1234 by default) in the password screen and click Login. Click
Cancel to revert to the default user password in the password field. If you have changed the
password, enter your password and click Login.
Figure 4 Password Screen
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5 The following screen displays if you have not yet changed your password. It is strongly
recommended you change the default password. Enter a new password, retype it to confirm and
click Apply; alternatively click Ignore to proceed to the main menu if you do not want to change
the password now.
Figure 5 Change Password Screen
6 Select Go to Wizard setup and click Apply to display the wizard main screen. Otherwise, select
Go to Advanced setup and click Apply to display the Status screen.
Figure 6 Replace Factory Default Certificate Screen
Note: For security reasons, the ZyXEL Device automatically logs you out if you do not use
the web configurator for five minutes (default). If this happens, log in again.
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2.2 The Main Screen
Figure 7 Main Screen
B
Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
A
C
As illustrated above, the main screen is divided into these parts:
• A - title bar
• B - navigation panel
• C - main window
• D - status bar
2.2.1 Title Bar
The title bar provides some icons in the upper right corner.
The icons provide the following functions.
Table 2 Web Configurator Icons in the Title Bar
ICON DESCRIPTION
D
Wizards: Click this icon to go to the configuration wizards. See Chapter 5 on page
55 for more information.
Logout: Click this icon to log out of the web configurator.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
2.2.2 Navigation Panel
Use the menu items on the navigation panel to open screens to configure ZyXEL Device features.
The following tables describe each menu item.
Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary
LINK TAB FUNCTION
Status This screen shows the ZyXEL Device’s general device and network status
Network
WAN Internet Access
Setup
More
Connections
LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, and other advanced
DHCP Setup Use this screen to configure LAN DHCP settings and DNS server.
Client List Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to always
IP Alias Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets.
Wireless LAN AP Use this screen to configure the wireless LAN settings and WLAN
More AP Use this screen to configure multiple BSSs on the ZyXEL Device.
WPS Use this screen to configure and view your WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup)
WPS Station Use this screen to set up a WPS wireless network.
WDS Use this screen to set up Wireless Distribution System links to other
Scheduling Use this screen to configure the dates/times to enable or disable the
NAT General Use this screen to enable NAT.
Port Forwarding
ALG Use this screen to enable or disable SIP ALG.
Security
Firewall Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall.
Filter URL Filter Use this screen to block access to certain URL web sites.
Application Filter Use this screen to allow or block traffic from certain applications.
IP/MAC Filter Use this screen to configure IP/MAC filtering rules for incoming or
Advanced
Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes to tell your device about
802.1Q/1P Group Setting Use this screen to activate 802.1Q/1P, specify the management VLAN
Port Setting Use this screen to configure the PVID and assign traffic priority for each
information. Use this screen to access the statistics and client list.
Use this screen to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address
assignment, and other advanced properties.
Use this screen to configure additional WAN connections.
properties.
assign specific IP addresses to individual MAC addresses (and host
names).
authentication/security settings.
settings.
access points.
wireless LAN.
Use this screen to make your local servers visible to the outside world.
outgoing traffic.
networks beyond the directly connected remote nodes.
group, display the VLAN groups and configure the settings for each VLAN
group.
port.
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Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary
LINK TAB FUNCTION
QoS General Use this screen to enable QoS and traffic prioritizing. You can also
configure the QoS rules and actions.
Dynamic
DNS
Remote
MGMT
UPnP General Use this screen to turn UPnP on or off.
Maintenance
System General Use this screen to configure your device’s password.
Logs System Log Use this screen to select which logs your device is to record.
Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your device.
Diagnostic General Use this screen to test the connections to other devices.
WWW Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which
Telnet Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which
FTP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which
SNMP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which
DNS Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which
ICMP Use this screen to set whether or not your device will respond to pings
Time and Date Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s time and date.
Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore your device’s configuration
Restart This screen allows you to reboot the ZyXEL Device without turning the
DSL Line This screen displays information to help you identify problems with the
This screen allows you to use a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP
address.
IP address(es) users can use HTTP to manage the ZyXEL Device.
IP address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the ZyXEL Device.
IP address(es) users can use FTP to access the ZyXEL Device.
IP address(es) users can access the SNMP agent on the ZyXEL Device.
IP address(es) users can send DNS queries to the ZyXEL Device.
and probes for services that you have not made available.
(settings) or reset the factory default settings.
power off.
DSL connection.
2.2.3 Main Window
The main window displays information and configuration fields. It is discussed in the rest of this
document.
Right after you log in, the Status screen is displayed. See Chapter 3 on page 33 for more
information about the Status screen.
2.2.4 Status Bar
Check the status bar when you click Apply or OK to verify that the configuration has been updated.
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3.1 Overview
Use the Status screens to look at the current status of the device, system resources, and
interfaces (LAN and WAN). The Status screen also provides detailed information from DHCP and
statistics from bandwidth management, and traffic.
3.2 The Status Screen
Use this screen to view the status of the ZyXEL Device. Click Status to open this screen.
Figure 8 Status Screen
CHAPTER 3
Status Screens
Each field is described in the following table.
Table 4 Status Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Select how often you want the ZyXEL Device to update this screen.
Apply Click this to update this screen immediately.
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Chapter 3 Status Screens
Table 4 Status Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Device Information
Host Name This field displays the ZyXEL Device system name. It is used for identification.
Model Number This is the model name of your device.
MAC Address This is the MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address unique to your
ZyNOS
Firmware
Version
DSL Firmware
Version
WAN Information
DSL Mode This is the DSL standard that your ZyXEL Device is using.
Annex Type This is the ADSL annex type that your ZyXEL Device is using.
IP Address This is the current IP address of the ZyXEL Device in the WAN. Click this to go to
IP Subnet
Mask
Default
Gateway
VPI/VCI This is the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier that you entered
LAN Information
IP Address This is the current IP address of the ZyXEL Device in the LAN. Click this to go to
IP Subnet
Mask
DHCP This field displays what DHCP services the ZyXEL Device is providing to the LAN.
ZyXEL Device.
This is the current version of the firmware inside the device. Click this to go to
the screen where you can change it.
This is the current version of the device’s DSL modem code.
the screen where you can change it.
This is the current subnet mask in the WAN.
This is the IP address of the default gateway, if applicable.
in the wizard or WAN screen.
the screen where you can change it.
This is the current subnet mask in the LAN.
Choices are:
Server - The ZyXEL Device is a DHCP server in the LAN. It assigns IP addresses
to other computers in the LAN.
Relay - The ZyXEL Device acts as a surrogate DHCP server and relays DHCP
requests and responses between the remote server and the clients.
None - The ZyXEL Device is not providing any DHCP services to the LAN.
34
Click this to go to the screen where you can change it.
WLAN Information
ESSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the ZyXEL Device in a wireless LAN.
Click this to go to the screen where you can change it.
Channel This is the channel number used by the ZyXEL Device now.
Security This displays the type of security mode the ZyXEL Device is using in the wireless
LAN.
WPS This displays whether WPS is activated. Click this to go to the screen where you
can configure the settings.
Status This displays whether WLAN is activated.
Security
Firewall This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s firewall is activated. Click this to
go to the screen where you can change it.
System Status
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Chapter 3 Status Screens
Table 4 Status Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
System
Uptime
Current Date/
Time
System Mode This displays whether the ZyXEL Device is functioning as a router or a bridge.
CPU Usage This field displays what percentage of the ZyXEL Device’s processing ability is
Memory
Usage
Interface Status
Interface This column displays each interface the ZyXEL Device has.
Status This field indicates whether or not the ZyXEL Device is using the interface.
This field displays how long the ZyXEL Device has been running since it last
started up. The ZyXEL Device starts up when you plug it in, when you restart it
(Maintenance > Tools > Restart), or when you reset it.
This field displays the current date and time in the ZyXEL Device. You can
change this in Maintenance > System > Time Setting.
currently used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the ZyXEL Device is
running at full load, and the throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you
want some applications to have more throughput, you should turn off other
applications (for example, using QoS; see Chapter 14 on page 159).
This field displays what percentage of the ZyXEL Device’s memory is currently
used. Usually, this percentage should not increase much. If memory usage does
get close to 100%, the ZyXEL Device is probably becoming unstable, and you
should restart the device. See Section 20.4 on page 208, or turn off the device
(unplug the power) for a few seconds.
For the DSL interface, this field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected) if you're using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up
(line is up or connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call)
and Drop (dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.
For the LAN interface, this field displays Up when the ZyXEL Device is using the
interface and Down when the ZyXEL Device is not using the interface.
For the WLAN interface, it displays Active when WLAN is enabled or InActive
when WLAN is disabled.
Rate For the LAN interface, this displays the port speed and duplex setting.
For the DSL interface, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission
rate.
For the WLAN interface, it displays the maximum transmission rate when WLAN
is enabled or N/A when WLAN is disabled.
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CHAPTER 4
4.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to use the ZyXEL Device’s various features.
• Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network, see page 37
• Configuring the MAC Address Filter, see page 44
• Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network, see page 46
• Multiple Public and Private IP Address Mappings, see page 49
• Multiple WAN Connections Example, see page 52
4.2 Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network
Tutorials
Thomas wants to set up a wireless network so that he can use his notebook to access the Internet.
In this wireless network, the ZyXEL Device serves as an access point (AP), and the notebook is the
wireless client. The wireless client can access the Internet through the AP.
Thomas has to configure the wireless network settings on the ZyXEL Device. Then he can set up a
wireless network using WPS (Section 4.2.2 on page 38) or manual configuration (Section 4.2.3 on
page 42).
4.2.1 Configuring the Wireless Network Settings
This example uses the following parameters to set up a wireless network.
SSID Example
Security Mode WPA-PSK
Pre-Shared Key DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork
802.11 Mode 802.11b+g+n
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1 Click Network > Wireless LAN to open the AP screen. Configure the screen using the provided
parameters (see page 37). Click Apply.
2 Click the Advanced Setup button and select 802.11b+g+n in the 802.11 Mode field. Click
Apply.
Thomas can now use the WPS feature to establish a wireless connection between his notebook and
the ZyXEL Device (see Section 4.2.2 on page 38). He can also use the notebook’s wireless client to
search for the ZyXEL Device (see Section 4.2.3 on page 42).
4.2.2 Using WPS
This section shows you how to set up a wireless network using WPS. It uses the ZyXEL Device as
the AP and ZyXEL NWD210N as the wireless client which connects to the notebook.
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Note: The wireless client must be a WPS-aware device (for example, a WPS USB adapter
or PCMCIA card).
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There are two WPS methods to set up the wireless client settings:
• Push Button Configuration (PBC) - simply press a button. This is the easier of the two
methods.
• PIN Configuration - configure a Personal Identification Number (PIN) on the ZyXEL Device. A
wireless client must also use the same PIN in order to download the wireless network settings
from the ZyXEL Device.
Push Button Configuration (PBC)
1 Make sure that your ZyXEL Device is turned on and your notebook is within the cover range of the
wireless signal.
2 Make sure that you have installed the wireless client driver and utility in your notebook.
3 In the wireless client utility, go to the WPS setting page. Enable WPS and press the WPS button
(Start or WPS button).
4 Push and hold the WPS button located on the ZyXEL Device’s rear panel for more than 5 seconds.
Alternatively, you may log into ZyXEL Device’s web configurator and click the Push Button in the
Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station screen.
Note: Your ZyXEL Device has a WPS button located on its rear panel as well as a WPS
button in its configuration utility. Both buttons have exactly the same function: you
can use one or the other.
Note: It doesn’t matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second button
within two minutes of pressing the first one.
The ZyXEL Device sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to
two minutes. The wireless client is then able to communicate with the ZyXEL Device securely.
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The following figure shows you an example of how to set up a wireless network and its security by
pressing a button on both ZyXEL Device and wireless client.
Example WPS Process: PBC Method
Wireless Client
SECURITY INFO
ZyXEL Device
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Press and hold for
5 seconds
COMMUNICATION
PIN Configuration
When you use the PIN configuration method, you need to use both the ZyXEL Device’s web
configurator and the wireless client’s utility.
1 Launch your wireless client’s configuration utility. Go to the WPS settings and select the PIN method
to get a PIN number.
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2 Enter the PIN number in the PIN field in the Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station screen on
the ZyXEL Device.
3 Click the Start buttons (or the button next to the PIN field) on both the wireless client utility screen
and the ZyXEL Device’s WPS Station screen within two minutes.
The ZyXEL Device authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to
the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. The wireless client is then able to
communicate with the ZyXEL Device securely.
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The following figure shows you how to set up a wireless network and its security on a ZyXEL Device
and a wireless client by using PIN method.
Example WPS Process: PIN Method
Wireless Client
ZyXEL Device
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
4.2.3 Without WPS
Use the wireless adapter’s utility installed on the notebook to search for the “Example” SSID. Then
enter the “DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork” pre-shared key to establish an wireless Internet
connection.
Authentication by PIN
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
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Note: The ZyXEL Device supports IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g wireless clients. Make
sure that your notebook or computer’s wireless adapter supports one of these
standards.
4.2.4 Setting Up Wireless Network Scheduling
Thomas mostly uses his notebook to access the Internet on weekends; occasionally he uses it at
night on weekdays. Here is how Thomas can set up a schedule to turn on the wireless network at
specific time and days.
1 Click Network > Wireless Network > Scheduling to open the following screen.
Chapter 4 Tutorials
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2 Configure the screen as follows. Turn on the wireless network from Mondays to Fridays between
18:00 and 23:30. Turn on the wireless network all day on Saturdays and Sundays. Click Apply.
4.3 Configuring the MAC Address Filter
Thomas noticed that his daughter Josephine spends too much time surfing the web and
downloading media files. He decided to prevent Josephine from accessing the Internet so that she
can concentrate on preparing for her final exams.
Josephine’s computer connects wirelessly to the Internet through the ZyXEL Device. Thomas can
deny access to the wireless network using the MAC address of Josephine’s computer.
Thomas
Josephine
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1 Click Network > LAN > Client List to open the following screen. Look for the MAC address of
Josephine’s computer.
2 Click Network > Wireless LAN to open the AP screen. Click the Edit button in the MAC Filter
field.
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3 Select Active MAC Filter and Deny Filter Action. Enter the MAC address you found in the Client
List screen. Click Apply.
Josephine will no longer be able to access the Internet through the ZyXEL Device.
4.4 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network
In order to extend your Intranet and control traffic flowing directions, you may connect a router to
the ZyXEL Device’s LAN. The router may be used to separate two department networks. This
tutorial shows how to configure a static routing rule for two network routings.
In the following figure, router R is connected to the ZyXEL Device’s LAN. R connects to two
networks, N1 (192.168.1.x/24) and N2 (192.168.10.x/24). If you want to send traffic from
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computer A (in N1 network) to computer B (in N2 network), the traffic is sent to the ZyXEL
Device’s WAN default gateway by default. In this case, B will never receive the traffic.
N1
A
R
N2
B
You need to specify a static routing rule on the ZyXEL Device to specify R as the router in charge of
forwarding traffic to N2. In this case, the ZyXEL Device routes traffic from A to R and then R routes
the traffic to B.
N1
A
R
This tutorial uses the following example IP settings:
Table 5 IP Settings in this Tutorial
DEVICE / COMPUTER IP ADDRESS
The ZyXEL Device’s WAN 172.16.1.1
The ZyXEL Device’s LAN 192.168.1.1
A 192.168.1.34
R’s N1 192.168.1.253
N2
B
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Table 5 IP Settings in this Tutorial
DEVICE / COMPUTER IP ADDRESS
R’s N2 192.168.10.2
B 192.168.10.33
To configure a static route to route traffic from N1 to N2:
1 Log into the ZyXEL Device’s Web Configurator in advanced mode.
2 Click Advanced > Static Route.
3 Click Edit on a new rule in the Static Route screen.
4 Configure the Static Route Setup screen using the following settings:
4a Type 192.168.10.0 and subnet mask 255.255.255.0 for the destination, N2.
4b Typ e 192.168.1.253 (R’s N1 address) in the Gateway IP Address field.
4a Click Apply.
Now B should be able to receive traffic from A. You may need to additionally configure B’s firewall
settings to allow specific traffic to pass through.
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4.5 Multiple Public and Private IP Address Mappings
If your ISP gives you more than one static IP address for your Internet access, you can map each IP
address for a specific service. This tutorial assumes you are given two static public IP addresses.
You want to map them to two servers A and B.
IP-1
IP-2
A
This tutorial uses the following example settings:
Table 6 IP Settings in this Tutorial
DEVICE / COMPUTER IP ADDRESS
The ZyXEL Device’s WAN 172.16.1.253 (IP-1)
The ZyXEL Device’s LAN 192.168.1.1
A 192.168.1.2
B 192.168.1.3
C a.b.c.d
To do this, you can use either of the following settings:
• Full Feature NAT with many-to-many no overload mapping
• Full Feature NAT with one-to-one mapping
B
172.16.1.254 (IP-2)
C
4.5.1 Full Feature NAT + Many-to-Many No Overload Mapping
Use this setting if your applications can use random public IP addresses and the applications are
initiated from the Intranet computers (A and B). For example, VoIP application. See Section 4.5.2
on page 51 if it is not.
A
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1
2
B
C
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To configure this:
1 Click Network > NAT.
2 Select Active Network Address Translation(NAT) and Full Feature in the General screen.
Click Apply.
3 Click the Address Mapping tab, and then click the Edit icon on a new rule.
4 Configure the rule using the following settings:
•Type: Many-to-Many No Overload
• Local IP addresses: 192.168.1.2 ~ 192.168.1.3
• Global IP addresses: 172.16.1.253 ~ 172.16.1.254
Then click Apply.
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4.5.2 Full Feature NAT + One-to-One Mapping
Use this setting if your applications must use fixed public IP addresses and the applications can be
initiated either from the Intranet computers (A and B) or the Internet computer (C). For example,
gaming application.
IP-1
Chapter 4 Tutorials
A
To configure this setting:
1 Click Network > NAT.
2 Select Active Network Address Translation(NAT) and Full Feature in the General screen.
Click Apply.
3 Click the Address Mapping tab, click the Edit icon on a new rule.
B
C
4 Configure two rules for the one-to-one mappings:
• Rule 1 (This maps the public IP address 172.16.1.253 to the private IP address 192.168.1.2)
Type : One-to-One
Local Start IP: 192.168.1.2
Global Start IP: 172.16.1.253
• Rule 2 (This maps the public IP address 172.16.1.254 to the private IP address 192.168.1.3)
Type : One-to-One
Local Start IP: 192.168.1.3
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Click Apply on each of the screens.
Global Start IP: 172.16.1.254
4.6 Multiple WAN Connections Example
This example shows an application for multiple WAN connections.
Your ISP may configure more than one WAN connection on the ZyXEL Device to record traffic
statistics or calculate service charges.
In Figure 9, three WAN connections are configured over the ADSL line:
• The connection with VPI/VCI, 0/33, is dedicated for Media-On-Demand (MOD) service.
• The connection with VPI/VCI, 0/34, is dedicated for VoIP service.
• The connection with VPI/VCI, 0/35, is dedicated for general data transmission.
Figure 9 Example for Multiple WAN Connections
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PART II
Technical Reference
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CHAPTER 5
Internet and Wireless Setup Wizard
5.1 Overview
Use the wizard setup screens to configure your system for Internet access with the information
given to you by your ISP.
Note: See the advanced menu chapters for background information on these fields.
5.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup
1 After you enter the password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard setup and click
Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of the web configurator to go
to the wizards.
Figure 10 Select a Mode
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2 Click INTERNET/WIRELESS SETUP to configure the system for Internet access and wireless
connection.
Figure 11 Wizard Welcome
3 Your ZyXEL device attempts to detect your DSL connection and your connection type.
3a The following screen appears if a connection is not detected. Check your hardware connections
and click Restart the INTERNET/WIRELESS SETUP Wizard to return to the wizard welcome
screen. If you still cannot connect, click Manually configure your Internet connection.
Follow the directions in the wizard and enter your Internet setup information as provided to you
by your ISP. See Section 5.2.1 on page 58 for more details.
If you would like to skip your Internet setup and configure the wireless LAN settings, leave Yes
selected and click Next.
Figure 12 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection
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3b The following screen displays if a PPPoE or PPPoA connection is detected. Enter your Internet
account information (username, password and/or service name) exactly as provided by your
ISP. Then click Next and see Section 5.3 on page 63 for wireless connection wizard setup.
Figure 13 Auto-Detection: PPPoE
3c The following screen appears if the ZyXEL device detects a connection but not the connection
type. Click Next and refer to Section 5.2.1 on page 58 on how to manually configure the ZyXEL
Device for Internet access.
Figure 14 Auto Detection: Failed
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Chapter 5 Internet and Wireless Setup Wizard
5.2.1 Manual Configuration
1 If the ZyXEL Device fails to detect your DSL connection type but the physical line is connected,
enter your Internet access information in the wizard screen exactly as your service provider gave it
to you. Leave the defaults in any fields for which you were not given information.
Figure 15 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters
58
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 7 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Mode Select Routing (default) from the drop-down list box if your ISP give you one IP
address only and you want multiple computers to share an Internet account. Select
Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the
connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly.
If you select Bridge, you cannot use Firewall, DHCP server and NAT on the ZyXEL
Device.
Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down
list box. Choices vary depending on what you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP
or PPPoE.
Multiplexing Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list
box either VC-based or LLC-based.
Virtual Circuit IDVPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual
circuit. Refer to the appendix for more information.
VPI Enter the VPI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.
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Chapter 5 Internet and Wireless Setup Wizard
Table 7 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters
LABEL DESCRIPTION
VCI Enter the VCI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Next Click this to continue to the next wizard screen. The next wizard screen you see
depends on what protocol you chose above.
Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.
2 The next wizard screen varies depending on what mode and encapsulation type you use. All screens
shown are with routing mode. Configure the fields and click Next to continue. See Section 5.3 on
page 63 for wireless connection wizard setup
Figure 16 Internet Connection with PPPoE
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The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 8 Internet Connection with PPPoE
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form
Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Service Name Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.
user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.
Figure 17 Internet Connection with RFC 1483
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The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 9 Internet Connection with RFC 1483
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address This field is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.
Type your ISP assigned IP address in this field.
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Next Click this to continue to the next wizard screen.
Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.
Figure 18 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP
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The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 10 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Static IP
Address
IP Address Enter your ISP assigned IP address.
Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Gateway IP
address
First DNS
Server
Second DNS
Server
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not
fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet.
Select Obtain an IP Address Automatically if you have a dynamic IP address.
Select Static IP Address if your ISP gave you an IP address to use.
Refer to the appendix to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.
You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you use ENET
ENCAP in the Encapsulation field in the previous screen.
Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers are passed to the
DHCP clients along with the IP address and the subnet mask.
As above.
Figure 19 Internet Connection with PPPoA
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Tabl e 11 Internet Connection with PPPoA
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name Enter the login name that your ISP gives you.
Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
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Tabl e 11 Internet Connection with PPPoA (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.
• If the user name and/or password you entered for PPPoE or PPPoA connection are not correct,
the screen displays as shown next. Click Back to Username and Password setup to go back
to the screen where you can modify them.
Figure 20 Connection Test Failed-1
• If the following screen displays, check if your account is activated or click Restart the Internet/
Wireless Setup Wizard to verify your Internet access settings.
Figure 21 Connection Test Failed-2.
5.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup
After you configure the Internet access information, use the following screens to set up your
wireless LAN.
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1 Select Yes and click Next to configure wireless settings. Otherwise, select No and skip to Step 6.
Figure 22 Connection Test Successful
2 Use this screen to activate the wireless LAN. Click Next to continue.
Figure 23 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1
64
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 12 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select the check box to turn on the wireless LAN.
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Next Click this to continue to the next wizard screen.
Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.
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3 Configure your wireless settings in this screen. Click Next.
Figure 24 Wireless LAN
Chapter 5 Internet and Wireless Setup Wizard
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Network
Name(SSID)
Channel
Selection
Security Select Manually assign a WPA-PSK key to configure a Pre-Shared Key (WPA-
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Next Click this to continue to the next wizard screen.
Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless
LAN.
If you change this field on the ZyXEL Device, make sure all wireless stations use the
same SSID in order to access the network.
The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices is called a
channel. Select a channel ID that is not already in use by a neighboring device.
PSK). Choose this option o nl y if you r w ireless clients support WPA. See Section 5.3.1
on page 66 for more information.
Select Manually assign a WEP key to configure a WEP Key. See Section 5.3.2 on
page 66 for more information.
Select Disable wireless security to have no wireless LAN security configured and
your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.
Note: The wireless stations and ZyXEL Device must use the same SSID, channel ID and
WEP encryption key (if WEP is enabled), WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is enabled) for
wireless communication.
4 This screen varies depending on the security mode you selected in the previous screen. Fill in the
field (if available) and click Next.
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5.3.1 Manually Assign a WPA-PSK key
Choose Manually assign a WPA-PSK key in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a PreShared Key.
Figure 25 Manually Assign a WPA-PSK key
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 14 Manually Assign a WPA-PSK key
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Pre-Shared
Key
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Next Click this to continue to the next wizard screen.
Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.
Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters. You can set up the most secure
wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You need to
configure an authentication server to do this.
5.3.2 Manually Assign a WEP Key
Choose Manually assign a WEP key to setup WEP Encryption parameters.
Figure 26 Manually Assign a WEP key
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 15 Manually Assign a WEP key
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Key The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the ZyXEL Device and the wireless
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Next Click this to continue to the next wizard screen.
Exit Click this to close the wizard screen without saving.
stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
Enter any 5 or 13 ASCII characters, or 10 or 26 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "AF") for a 64-bit or 128-bit WEP key respectively.
5 Click Apply to save your wireless LAN settings.
Figure 27 Wireless LAN Setup 3
6 Use the read-only summary table to check whether what you have configured is correct. Click
Finish to complete and save the wizard setup.
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Note: No wireless LAN settings display if you chose not to configure wireless LAN
settings.
Figure 28 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete
7 Launch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. Internet access is just the beginning.
Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete range of ZyXEL Device
features. If you cannot access the Internet, open the web configurator again to confirm that the
Internet settings you configured in the wizard setup are correct.
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6.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to configure WAN settings from the WAN screens. Use these screens to
configure your ZyXEL Device for Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the
Internet. It connects your private networks (such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other
networks, so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 29 LAN and WAN
CHAPTER 6
WAN Setup
LAN
WAN
6.1.1 What You Can Do in the WAN Screens
•Use the Internet Access Setup screen (Section 6.2 on page 71) to configure the WAN settings
on the ZyXEL Device for Internet access.
•Use the More Connections screen (Section 6.3 on page 74) to set up additional Internet access
connections.
6.1.2 What You Need to Know About WAN
Encapsulation Method
Encapsulation is used to include data from an upper layer protocol into a lower layer protocol. To set
up a WAN connection to the Internet, you need to use the same encapsulation method used by your
ISP (Internet Service Provider). If your ISP offers a dial-up Internet connection using PPPoE (PPP
over Ethernet) or PPPoA, they should also provide a username and password (and service name)
for user authentication.
WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the ZyXEL Device, which makes it accessible from an
outside network. It is used by the ZyXEL Device to communicate with other devices in other
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networks. It can be static (fixed) or dynamically assigned by the ISP each time the ZyXEL Device
tries to access the Internet.
If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address, they should also assign you the subnet mask and
DNS server IP address(es) (and a gateway IP address if you use the Ethernet or ENET ENCAP
encapsulation method).
Multicast
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient)
or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of
hosts on the network - not everybody and not just one.
IGMP
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership
in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. There are three versions of IGMP. IGMP
version 2 and 3 are improvements over version 1, but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use.
Finding Out More
See Section 6.4 on page 79 for technical background information on WAN.
6.1.3 Before You Begin
You need to know your Internet access settings such as encapsulation and WAN IP address. Get this
information from your ISP.
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6.2 The Internet Access Setup Screen
Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN settings. Click Network > WAN > Internet
Access Setup. The screen differs by the WAN type and encapsulation you select.
Figure 30 Network > WAN >Internet Access Setup (PPPoE)
Chapter 6 WAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 16 Network > WAN > Internet Access Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Line
ADSL Mode Select the mode supported by your ISP.
ADSL Type Select the type supported by your ISP.
General
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Use Auto Sync-Up if you are not sure which mode to choose from. The ZyXEL
Device dynamically diagnoses the mode supported by the ISP and selects the
best compatible one for your connection.
Other options are ADSL2+, ADSL2, G.DMT, T1.413 and G.lite.
Available options are ANNEX A, ANNEX A/L, ANNEX M and ANNEX A/L/M.
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Table 16 Network > WAN > Internet Access Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Mode Select Routing (default) from the drop-down list box if your ISP gives you one
Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list
User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your ISP
Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the
Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.
IP address only and you want multiple computers to share an Internet account.
Select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you
want the connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP
server directly. If you select Bridge, you cannot use Firewall, DHCP server and
NAT on the ZyXEL Device.
box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET
ENCAP or PPPoE.
assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.
user name above.
Choices are VC or LLC.
This field is not available if you set the WAN type to Ethernet.
Virtual Circuit ID VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual
circuit. Refer to the appendix for more information.
These fields are not available if you set the WAN type to Ethernet.
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local
management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address
is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the
Internet.
Select Obtain an IP Address Automatically if you have a dynamic IP
address; otherwise select Static IP Address and type your ISP assigned IP
address in the IP Address field below.
Subnet Mask This option is available if you select ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation field.
Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
ENET ENCAP
Gateway
Connection (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only)
Keep Alive Select Keep Alive when you want your connection up all the time. The ZyXEL
Connect on
Demand
Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select
Apply Click this to save your changes.
This option is available if you select ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation field.
Specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP).
Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is disconnected.
Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the
time and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
Connect on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet
session will not timeout.
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Table 16 Network > WAN > Internet Access Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
Advanced Setup Click this to display the Advanced WAN Setup screen and edit more details
of your WAN setup.
6.2.1 Advanced Internet Access Setup
Use this screen to edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings. Click the Advanced Setup
button in the Internet Access Setup screen. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 31 Network > WAN > Internet Access Setup: Advanced Setup
Chapter 6 WAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 17 Network > WAN > Internet Access Setup: Advanced Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast
Setup
RIP Direction RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing
RIP Version This field is not configurable if you select None in the RIP Direction field.
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This section is not available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to be in
bridge mode.
information with other routers. Use this field to control how much routing
information the ZyXEL Device sends and receives on the subnet.
Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.
Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.
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Table 17 Network > WAN > Internet Access Setup: Advanced Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Multicast Multicast packets are sent to a group of computers on the LAN and are an
ATM QoS
ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for
Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak
Sustain Cell
Rate
Maximum Burst
Size
MTU
MTU The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) defines the size of the largest packet
alternative to unicast packets (packets sent to one computer) and broadcast
packets (packets sent to every computer).
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to
establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports IGMP-
v1, IGMP-v2 and IGMP-v3. Select None to disable it.
voice or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are
non-time sensitive, such as e-mail. Select rtVBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate)
type for applications with bursty connections that require closely controlled
delay and delay variation. Select nrtVBR (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type
for connections that do not require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Cell Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells.
Type the PCR here.
The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be
transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be
sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
allowed on an interface or connection. Enter the MTU in this field.
For ENET ENCAP, the MTU value is 1500.
For PPPoE, the MTU value is 1492.
For PPPoA and RFC 1483, the MTU is 65535.
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
6.3 The More Connections Screen
The ZyXEL Device allows you to configure more than one Internet access connection. To configure
additional Internet access connections click Network > WAN > More Connections. The screen
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differs by the encapsulation you select. When you use the WAN > Internet Access Setup screen
to set up Internet access, you are configuring the first WAN connection.
Figure 32 Network > WAN > More Connections
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 18 Network > WAN > More Connections
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is an index number indicating the number of the corresponding connection.
Active This field indicates whether the connection is active or not.
Clear the check box to disable the connection. Select the check box to enable it.
Name This is the name you gave to the Internet connection.
VPI/VCI This field displays the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier
(VCI) numbers configured for this WAN connection.
Encapsulation This field indicates the encapsulation method of the Internet connection.
Modify The first (ISP) connection is read-only in this screen. Use the WAN > Internet
Access Setup screen to edit it.
Click the Edit icon to edit the Internet connection settings. Click this icon on an
empty configuration to add a new Internet access setup.
Click the Remove icon to delete the Internet access setup from your connection
list.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
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6.3.1 More Connections Edit
Use this screen to configure a connection. Click the edit icon in the More Connections screen to
display the following screen.
Figure 33 Network > WAN > More Connections: Edit
76
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 19 Network > WAN > More Connections: Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Active Select the check box to activate or clear the check box to deactivate this
connection.
Name Enter a unique, descriptive name of up to 13 ASCII characters for this
connection.
Mode Select Routing from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple
computers to share an Internet account.
If you select Bridge, the ZyXEL Device will forward any packet that it
does not route to this remote node; otherwise, the packets are discarded.
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Table 19 Network > WAN > More Connections: Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down
list box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode
field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET
ENCAP or PPPoE.
Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down
list. Choices are VC or LLC.
By prior agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific virtual circuit, for
example, VC1 will carry IP. If you select VC, specify separate VPI and VCI
numbers for each protocol.
For LLC-based multiplexing or PPP encapsulation, one VC carries multiple
protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each
packet header. In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be
specified for all protocols.
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local
IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.
management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP
address is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you
connect to the Internet.
If you use the encapsulation type except RFC 1483, select Obtain an IP
Address Automatically when you have a dynamic IP address; otherwise
select Static IP Address and type your ISP assigned IP address in the IP
Address field below.
If you use RFC 1483, enter the IP address given by your ISP in the IP
Address field.
Subnet Mask This option is available if you select ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation
ENET ENCAP
Gateway
Connection
Nailed-Up Connection Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the
Connect on Demand Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all
Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select
NAT SUA only is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.
field.
Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
This option is available if you select ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation
field.
Specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP).
time. The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if
it is disconnected.
the time and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
Connect on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet
session will not timeout.
Select SUA Only if you have one public IP address and want to use NAT.
Click Edit Detail to go to the Port Forwarding screen to edit a server
mapping set.
Otherwise, select None to disable NAT.
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Table 19 Network > WAN > More Connections: Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
Advanced Setup Click this to display the More Connections Advanced Setup screen and
edit more details of your WAN setup.
6.3.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup
Use this screen to edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings. Click the Advanced Setup
button in the More Connections Edit screen. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 34 Network > WAN > More Connections: Edit: Advanced Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 20 Network > WAN > More Connections: Edit: Advanced Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ATM QoS
ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth
Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the
Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that
Maximum Burst Size Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that
MTU
for voice or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications
that are non-time sensitive, such as e-mail. Select nrtVBR (Variable Bit
Rate-non Real Time) or rtVBR (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty
traffic and bandwidth sharing with other applications.
Peak Cell Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can
send cells. Type the PCR here.
can be transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note
that system default is 0 cells/sec.
can be sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
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Table 20 Network > WAN > More Connections: Edit: Advanced Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
MTU The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) defines the size of the largest
packet allowed on an interface or connection. Enter the MTU in this field.
For ENET ENCAP, the MTU value is 1500.
For PPPoE, the MTU value is 1492.
For PPPoA and RFC, the MTU is 65535.
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
6.4 WAN Technical Reference
This section provides some technical background information about the topics covered in this
chapter.
Chapter 6 WAN Setup
6.4.1 Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The ZyXEL Device supports the
following methods.
6.4.1.1 ENET ENCAP
The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the IP
network protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN interface and
then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For instance, it
encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP requires that you specify
a gateway IP address in the Gateway IP Address field in the wizard or WAN screen. You can get
this information from your ISP.
6.4.1.2 PPP over Ethernet
The ZyXEL Device supports PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet). PPPoE is an IETF Draft
standard (RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem
(DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection. The PPPoE option is for a dial-up connection using PPPoE.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing
access control systems (for example RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a
function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and
offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no
specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
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By implementing PPPoE directly on the ZyXEL Device (rather than individual computers), the
computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the ZyXEL Device does that part
of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have access.
6.4.1.3 PPPoA
PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA connection
functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The ZyXEL Device encapsulates the PPP session based
on RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) to the Internet Service
Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) Access Multiplexer). Please refer to RFC 2364
for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information on PPP.
6.4.1.4 RFC 1483
RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5
(AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single ATM virtual circuit
(LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each protocol is carried over a
separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer to RFC 1483 for more detailed
information.
6.4.2 Multiplexing
There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be sure to
use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.
VC-based Multiplexing
In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit; for
example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments where
dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.
LLC-based Multiplexing
In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being contained
in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this method may be
advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried protocol, for example, if
charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.
6.4.3 VPI and VCI
Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) numbers
assigned to you. The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is
reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see the appendix for more information.
6.4.4 IP Address Assignment
A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a
different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you have
either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences your choices
for IP address and ENET ENCAP gateway.
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IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation
If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and Gateway IP Address fields are not applicable
(N/A). If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and not the
Gateway IP Address field.
IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation
In this case the IP address assignment must be static.
IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation
In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP
Address and Gateway IP Address fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a dynamic IP, the
ZyXEL Device acts as a DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP Address and Gateway IP
Address fields are not applicable (N/A) as the DHCP server assigns them to the ZyXEL Device.
6.4.5 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP)
A nailed-up connection is a dial-up line where the connection is always up regardless of traffic
demand. The ZyXEL Device does two things when you specify a nailed-up connection. The first is
that idle timeout is disabled. The second is that the ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection
when turned on and whenever the connection is down. A nailed-up connection can be very
expensive for obvious reasons.
Chapter 6 WAN Setup
Do not specify a nailed-up connection unless your telephone company offers flat-rate service or you
need a constant connection and the cost is of no concern.
6.4.6 NAT
NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in
a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network to a
different IP address known within another network.
6.5 Traffic Shaping
Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average rate
and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps eliminate
congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and video
connections.
Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter may
be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits), so a
maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not guaranteed
because it is dependent on the line speed.
Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the
maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be
greater than the PCR.
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Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR. After MBS
is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At this time, more
cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.
If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value that
correlates to your upstream line rate.
The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.
Figure 35 Example of Traffic Shaping
6.5.1 ATM Traffic Classes
These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.
Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is being
sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for connections
that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and if traffic exceeds
this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR would be high-resolution
video and voice.
Variable Bit Rate (VBR)
The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections that use
the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or non-real time
(VBR-nRT) connections.
The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require closely
controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a PCR is
specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT connection would
be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers and the bandwidth
requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.
82
The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do not
require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty" traffic typical
on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum level. An example of an
VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.
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Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)
The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR doesn't
guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare bandwidth. An
example application is background file transfer.
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7.1 Overview
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many networking devices
are connected. It is usually located in one immediate area such as a building or floor of a building.
Use the LAN screens to help you configure a LAN DHCP server and manage IP addresses.
LAN
CHAPTER 7
LAN Setup
DSL
7.1.1 What You Can Do in the LAN Screens
•Use the LAN IP screen (Section 7.2 on page 86) to set the LAN IP address and subnet mask of
your ZyXEL device. You can also edit your ZyXEL Device's RIP, multicast and Windows
Networking settings from this screen.
•Use the DHCP Setup screen (Section 7.3 on page 88) to configure the ZyXEL Device’s DHCP
settings.
•Use the Client List screen (Section 7.4 on page 89) to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific
individual computers based on their MAC Addresses.
•Use the IP Alias screen (Section 7.5 on page 90) to change your ZyXEL Device’s IP alias
settings.
7.1.2 What You Need To Know About LAN
IP Address
IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including
computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the
network. These networking devices are also known as hosts.
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Subnet Mask
Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network. You can also use
subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.
DHCP
A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server can assign your ZyXEL Device an IP address,
subnet mask, DNS and other routing information when it's turned on.
RIP
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other
routers.
Multicast
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient)
or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of
hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1.
IGMP
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership
in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. There are three versions of IGMP. IGMP
version 2 and 3 are improvements over version 1, but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use.
DNS
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a networking device before you can access it.
Finding Out More
See Section 7.6 on page 92 for technical background information on LANs.
7.1.3 Before You Begin
Find out the MAC addresses of your network devices if you intend to add them to the DHCP Client
List screen.
7.2 The LAN IP Screen
Use this screen to set the Local Area Network IP address and subnet mask of your ZyXEL Device.
Click Network > LAN to open the IP screen.
Follow these steps to configure your LAN settings.
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1 Enter an IP address into the IP Address field. The IP address must be in dotted decimal notation.
This will become the IP address of your ZyXEL Device.
2 Enter the IP subnet mask into the IP Subnet Mask field. Unless instructed otherwise it is best to
leave this alone, the configurator will automatically compute a subnet mask based upon the IP
address you entered.
3 Click Apply to save your settings.
Figure 36 Network > LAN > IP
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 21 Network > LAN > IP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address Enter the LAN IP address you want to assign to your ZyXEL Device in dotted
IP Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask of your network in dotted decimal notation, for example
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
Advanced Setup Click this to display the Advanced LAN Setup screen and edit more details of
decimal notation, for example, 192.168.1.1 (factory default).
255.255.255.0 (factory default). Your ZyXEL Device automatically computes
the subnet mask based on the IP Address you enter, so do not change this field
unless you are instructed to do so.
your LAN setup.
7.2.1 The Advanced LAN IP Setup Screen
Use this screen to edit your ZyXEL Device's RIP, multicast and Windows Networking settings. Click
the Advanced Setup button in the LAN IP screen. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 37 Network > LAN > IP: Advanced Setup
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 22 Network > LAN > IP: Advanced Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast Setup
RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.
RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
Back Click this to return to the previous screen without saving.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports IGMP-
v1, IGMP-v2 and IGMP-v3. Select None to disable it.
7.3 The DHCP Setup Screen
Use this screen to configure the DNS server information that the ZyXEL Device sends to the DHCP
client devices on the LAN. Click Network > DHCP Setup to open this screen.
Figure 38 Network > LAN > DHCP Setup
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 23 Network > LAN > DHCP Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
DHCP Setup
DHCP If set to Server, your ZyXEL Device can assign IP addresses, an IP default
IP Pool Starting
Address
Pool Size This field specifies the size, or count of the IP address pool.
Remote DHCP
Server
DNS Server
DNS Servers
Assigned by DHCP
Server
Primary /Secondary
DNS Server
PORT Filter
PORT Filter by DHCP
Server
Physical Port Select the physical ports on which the ZyXEL Device should act as a DHCP
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
gateway and DNS servers to Windows 95, Windows NT and other systems that
support the DHCP client.
If set to None, the DHCP server will be disabled.
If set to Relay, the ZyXEL Device acts as a surrogate DHCP server and relays
DHCP requests and responses between the remote server and the clients.
Enter the IP address of the actual, remote DHCP server in the Remote DHCP
Server field in this case.
When DHCP is used, the following items need to be set:
This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.
If Relay is selected in the DHCP field above then enter the IP address of the
actual remote DHCP server here.
The ZyXEL Device passes a DNS (Domain Name System) server IP address to
the DHCP clients.
Enter the IP address of your primary/secondary DNS server.
The ZyXEL Device can act as a DHCP server for DHCP clients on specific
physical ports that you can select in this section. If ports are unselected, you
must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computers must be
manually configured.
server.
7.4 The Client List Screen
This table allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on
their MAC Addresses.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is
assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
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Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s static DHCP settings. Click Network > LAN >
Client List to open the following screen.
Figure 39 Network > LAN > Client List
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 24 Network > LAN > Client List
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address Enter the IP address that you want to assign to the computer on your LAN with
MAC Address Enter the MAC address of a computer on your LAN.
Add Click this to add a static DHCP entry.
# This is the index number of the static IP table entry (row).
Status This field displays whether the client is connected to the ZyXEL Device.
Host Name This field displays the computer host name.
IP Address This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
MAC Address The MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address on a LAN (Local Area
Reserve Select the check box in the heading row to automatically select all check boxes
Modify Click the modify icon to have the IP address field editable and change it.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
Refresh Click this to reload the DHCP table.
the MAC address that you will also specify.
Network) is unique to your computer (six pairs of hexadecimal notation).
A network interface card such as an Ethernet adapter has a hardwired address
that is assigned at the factory. This address follows an industry standard that
ensures no other adapter has a similar address.
or select the check box(es) in each entry to have the ZyXEL Device always
assign the selected entry(ies)’s IP address(es) to the corresponding MAC
address(es) (and host name(s)). You can select up to 10 entries in this table.
7.5 The IP Alias Screen
IP alias allows you to partition a physical network into different logical networks over the same
Ethernet interface. The ZyXEL Device supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single physical
Ethernet interface with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN network.
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When you use IP alias, you can also configure firewall rules to control access between the LAN's
logical networks (subnets).
Note: Make sure that the subnets of the logical networks do not overlap.
The following figure shows a LAN divided into subnets A, B, and C.
Figure 40 Physical Network & Partitioned Logical Networks
A: 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.24
Ethernet
B: 192.168.2.1 - 192.168.2.24
Interface
C: 192.168.3.1 - 192.168.3.24
7.5.1 Configuring the LAN IP Alias Screen
Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s IP alias settings. Click Network > LAN > IP Alias
to open the following screen.
Figure 41 Network > LAN > IP Alias
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 25 Network > LAN > IP Alias
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Alias 1 Select the check box to configure another LAN network for the ZyXEL Device.
IP Address Enter the IP address of your ZyXEL Device in dotted decimal notation.
IP Subnet Mask Your ZyXEL Device will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP
AMG1202-T10A User’s Guide
Alternatively, click the right mouse button to copy and/or paste the IP address.
address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the
subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device.
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Table 25 Network > LAN > IP Alias
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP Direction RIP (Routing Information Protocol, RFC 1058 and RFC 1389) allows a router to
RIP Version The RIP Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
exchange routing information with other routers. The RIP Direction field
controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets. Select the RIP direction from
Both/In Only/Out Only/None. When set to Both or Out Only, the ZyXEL
Device will broadcast its routing table periodically. When set to Both or In Only,
it will incorporate the RIP information that it receives; when set to None, it will
not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.
RIP packets that the ZyXEL Device sends (it recognizes both formats when
receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported but RIP-2 carries more information.
RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you have an unusual
network topology. Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2
format; the difference being that RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-
2M uses multicasting. Multicasting can reduce the load on non-router machines
since they generally do not listen to the RIP multicast address and so will not
receive the RIP packets. However, if one router uses multicasting, then all
routers on your network must use multicasting, also. By default, RIP direction is
set to Both and the Version set to RIP-1.
7.6 LAN Technical Reference
This section provides some technical background information about the topics covered in this
chapter.
7.6.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device
The actual physical connection determines whether the ZyXEL Device ports are LAN or WAN ports.
There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other outside the WAN
network as shown next.
Figure 42 LAN and WAN IP Addresses
LAN
WAN
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7.6.2 DHCP Setup
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to
obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the ZyXEL Device as a
DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the ZyXEL Device provides the TCP/IP
configuration for the clients. If you turn DHCP service off, you must have another DHCP server on
your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.
IP Pool Setup
The ZyXEL Device is pre-configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients (DHCP Pool).
See the product specifications in the appendices. Do not assign static IP addresses from the DHCP
pool to your LAN computers.
7.6.3 DNS Server Addresses
DNS (Domain Name System) maps a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa.
The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a
computer before you can access it. The DNS server addresses you enter when you set up DHCP are
passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and subnet mask.
Chapter 7 LAN Setup
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses.
• The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when
you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server fields in
the DHCP Setup screen.
• Some ISPs choose to disseminate the DNS server addresses using the DNS server extensions of
IPCP (IP Control Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS
servers, chances are the DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The ZyXEL Device
supports the IPCP DNS server extensions through the DNS proxy feature.
Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It
does not mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances. If
your ISP gives you explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the
DHCP Setup screen.
7.6.4 LAN TCP/IP
The ZyXEL Device has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers to
systems that support DHCP client capability.
IP Address and Subnet Mask
Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a LAN
share one common network number.
Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your
network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in
selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.
If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user
account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. If this
is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from 192.168.0.0 to
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192.168.255.0 and you must enable the Network Address Translation (NAT) feature of the ZyXEL
Device. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses
specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. Let's
say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254 individual addresses, from
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other words, the first three numbers
specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual computer on that
network.
Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember, for
instance, 192.168.1.1, for your ZyXEL Device, but make sure that no other device on your network
is using that IP address.
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your ZyXEL Device will
compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don't need
to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are instructed to do
otherwise.
Private IP Addresses
Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from the
Internet, for example, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP addresses to
the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has
reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks:
• 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255
• 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255
• 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255
You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or it can be assigned from a private
network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP, the ISP
can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other hand, if you are
part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network administrator for the
appropriate IP addresses.
Note: Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;
always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment,
please refer to RFC 1597, “Address Allocation for Private Internets” and RFC 1466,
“Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space”.
7.6.5 RIP Setup
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other
routers. The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets. When set to:
• Both - the ZyXEL Device will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate the RIP
information that it receives.
• In Only - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets but will accept all RIP packets
received.
• Out Only - the ZyXEL Device will send out RIP packets but will not accept any RIP packets
received.
• None - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.
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The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the
ZyXEL Device sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported;
but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you have
an unusual network topology.
Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that RIP-2B
uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting.
7.6.6 Multicast
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient)
or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of
hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1.
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership
in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an
improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. IGMP version 3
supports source filtering, reporting or ignoring traffic from specific source address to a particular
host on the network. If you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability
between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP
address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The
address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address
224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts
(including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP. The
address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.
Chapter 7 LAN Setup
The ZyXEL Device supports IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1), IGMP version 2 (IGMP-v2) and IGMP
version 3 (IGMP-v3). At start up, the ZyXEL Device queries all directly connected networks to
gather group membership. After that, the ZyXEL Device periodically updates this information. IP
multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the ZyXEL Device LAN and/or WAN interfaces in the web
configurator (LAN; WAN). Select None to disable IP multicasting on these interfaces.
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8.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to perform tasks related to setting up and optimizing your wireless
network, including the following.
• Turning the wireless connection on or off.
• Configuring a name, wireless channel and security for the network.
• Using WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) to configure your wireless network.
• Setting up multiple wireless networks.
• Using a MAC (Media Access Control) address filter to restrict access to the wireless network.
• Setting up a Wireless Distribution System (WDS).
• Performing other performance-related wireless tasks.
CHAPTER 8
Wireless LAN
8.1.1 What You Can Do in the Wireless LAN Screens
This section describes the ZyXEL Device’s Network > Wireless LAN screens. Use these screens to
set up your ZyXEL Device’s wireless connection.
•Use the AP screen (see Section 8.2 on page 99) to turn the wireless connection on or off, set up
wireless security, configure the MAC filter, and make other basic configuration changes.
•Use the More AP screen (see Section 8.3 on page 107) to set up multiple wireless networks on
your ZyXEL Device.
•Use the WPS screen (see Section 8.4 on page 108) to enable or disable WPS, generate a security
PIN (Personal Identification Number) and see information about the ZyXEL Device’s WPS status.
•Use the WPS Station (see Section 8.5 on page 110) screen to set up WPS by pressing a button
or using a PIN.
•Use the WDS screen (see Section 8.6 on page 110) to set up a Wireless Distribution System, in
which the ZyXEL Device acts as a bridge with other ZyXEL access points.
•Use the Scheduling screen (see Section 8.7 on page 112) to configure the dates/times to enable
or disable the wireless LAN.
You don’t necessarily need to use all these screens to set up your wireless connection. For example,
you may just want to set up a network name, a wireless radio channel and security in the AP
screen.
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8.1.2 What You Need to Know About Wireless
Wireless Basics
“Wireless” is essentially radio communication. In the same way that walkie-talkie radios send and
receive information over the airwaves, wireless networking devices exchange information with one
another. A wireless networking device is just like a radio that lets your computer exchange
information with radios attached to other computers. Like walkie-talkies, most wireless networking
devices operate at radio frequency bands that are open to the public and do not require a license to
use. However, wireless networking is different from that of most traditional radio communications in
that there a number of wireless networking standards available with different methods of data
encryption.
SSID
Each network must have a name, referred to as the SSID - “Service Set IDentifier”. The “service
set” is the network, so the “service set identifier” is the network’s name. This helps you identify
your wireless network when wireless networks’ coverage areas overlap and you have a variety of
networks to choose from.
MAC Address Filter
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address consists
of twelve hexadecimal characters (0-9, and A to F), and it is usually written in the following format:
“0A:A0:00:BB:CC:DD”.
The MAC address filter controls access to the wireless network. You can use the MAC address of
each wireless client to allow or deny access to the wireless network.
Finding Out More
See Section 8.8 on page 112 for advanced technical information on wireless networks.
8.1.3 Before You Start
Before you start using these screens, ask yourself the following questions. See Section 8.1.2 on
page 98 if some of the terms used here are not familiar to you.
• What wireless standards do the other wireless devices in your network support (IEEE 802.11g,
for example)? What is the most appropriate standard to use?
• What security options do the other wireless devices in your network support (WPA-PSK, for
example)? What is the strongest security option supported by all the devices in your network?
• Do the other wireless devices in your network support WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup)? If so, you
can set up a well-secured network very easily.
Even if some of your devices support WPS and some do not, you can use WPS to set up your
network and then add the non-WPS devices manually, although this is somewhat more
complicated to do.
• What advanced options do you want to configure, if any? If you want to configure advanced
options such as Quality of Service, ensure that you know precisely what you want to do. If you do
not want to configure advanced options, leave them as they are.
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8.2 The AP Screen
Use this screen to configure the wireless settings of your ZyXEL Device. Click Network > Wireless
LAN to open the AP screen.
Figure 43 Network > Wireless LAN > AP
Chapter 8 Wireless LAN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 26 Network > Wireless LAN > AP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Wireless Setup
Enable
Wireless LAN
Channel
Selection
Common Setup
Enable SSID
Autogeneration
Name (SSID) The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the service set with which a wireless
Click the check box to activate wireless LAN.
Set the operating frequency/channel.
Click the check box to have the ZyXEL Device generate an SSID.
device is associated. Wireless devices associating to the access point (AP) must
have the same SSID. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII
characters) for the wireless LAN.
Note: If you are configuring the ZyXEL Device from a computer connected to the
wireless LAN and you change the ZyXEL Device’s SSID or WEP settings, you
will lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must
then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the ZyXEL
Device’s new settings.
Hide SSID Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station
cannot obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Security Mode See the following sections for more details about this field.
MAC Filter This shows whether the wireless devices with the MAC addresses listed are allowed
or denied to access the ZyXEL Device using this SSID.
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Chapter 8 Wireless LAN
Table 26 Network > Wireless LAN > AP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Edit Click this to go to the MAC Filter screen to configure MAC filter settings. See
QoS Select this check box to activate Quality of Service (QoS).
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
Advanced
Setup
8.2.1 No Security
In the Network > Wireless LAN > AP screen, select No Security from the Security Mode list to
allow wireless devices to communicate with the ZyXEL Device without any data encryption or
authentication.
Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your ZyXEL Device, your network is
accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.
Figure 44 Network > Wireless LAN > AP: No Security
Section 8.2.6 on page 106 for more details.
Click this to display the Wireless Advanced Setup screen and edit more details of
your WLAN setup. See Section 8.2.5 on page 104 for more details.
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 27 Network > Wireless LAN > AP: No Security
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Security Mode Choose No Security from the drop-down list box.
8.2.2 WEP Encryption
Use this screen to configure and enable WEP encryption. Click Network > Wireless LAN to display
the AP screen. Select Static WEP from the Security Mode list.
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