Yamaha O2R User Manual

DIGITAL RECORDING CONSOLE

ADVARSEL! Lithiumbatteri—Eksplosionsfare ved fejlagtig håndtering. Udskiftning må kun ske med batteri af samme fabrikat og type. Levér det brugte batteri tilbage til leverandoren.

VARNING Explosionsfara vid felaktigt batteribyte. Använd samma batterityp eller en ekvivalent typ som rekommenderas av apparattillverkaren. Kassera använt batteri enligt fabrikantens instruktion.

VAROITUS Paristo voi räjähtää, jos se on virheellisesti asennettu. Vaihda paristo ainoastaan laitevalmistajan suosittelemaan tyyppiin. Hävitä käytetty paristo valmistajan ohjeiden mukaisesti.

FCC INFORMATION (U.S.A.)

1. IMPORTANT NOTICE: DO NOT MODIFY THIS UNIT! This product, when installed as indicated in the instructions contained in this manual, meets FCC requirements. Modifications not expressly approved by Yamaha may void your authority, granted by the FCC, to use the product.

2. IMPORTANT: When connecting this product to accessories and/or another product use only high quality shielded cables. Cable/s supplied with this product MUST be used. Follow all installation instructions. Failure to follow instructions could void your FCC authorization to use this product in the USA.

3. NOTE: This product has been tested and found to comply with the requirements listed in FCC Regulations, Part 15 for Class “B” digital devices. Compliance with these requirements provides a reasonable level of assurance that your use of this product in a residential environment will not result in harmful interference with other electronic devices. This equipment generates/uses radio frequencies and, if not installed and used according to the instructions found in the users manual, may cause interference harmful to the operation of other electronic devices. Compliance with FCC regulations does not guarantee that interference will not occur in all installations. If this product is found to be the source of interference, which can be determined by turning the unit “OFF” and “ON”, please try to eliminate the problem by using one of the following measures: Relocate either this product or the device that is being affected by the interference. Utilize power outlets that are on different branch (circuit breaker or fuse) circuits or install AC line filter/s. In the case of radio or TV interference, relocate/reorient the antenna. If the antenna lead-in is 300 ohm ribbon lead, change the lead-in to coaxial type cable. If these corrective measures do not produce satisfactory results, please contact the local retailer authorized to distribute this type of product. If you can not locate the appropriate retailer, please contact Yamaha Corporation of America, Electronic Service Division, 6600 Orangethorpe Ave, Buena Park, CA 90620

* This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA CORPORATION OF AMERICA.

IMPORTANT NOTICE FOR

THE UNITED KINGDOM

Connecting the Plug and Cord

WARNING: THIS APPARATUS MUST BE EARTHED IMPORTANT: The wires in this mains lead are coloured in accordance with

the following code: GREEN-AND-YELLOW : EARTH

BLUE : NEUTRAL BROWN : LIVE

As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this apparatus may not correspond with the coloured markings identifying the terminals in your plug, proceed as follows:

The wire which is coloured GREEN and YELLOW must be connected to the terminal in the plug which is marked by the letter E or by the safety earth symbol or coloured GREEN and YELLOW.

The wire which is coloured BLUE must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured BLACK.

The wire which is coloured BROWN must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter L or coloured RED.

* This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA KEMBLE

MUSIC (U.K.) LTD.

NEDERLAND

● Dit apparaat bevat een lithium batterij voor geheugen back-

up.

● Raadpleeg uw leverancier over de verwijdering van de batterij

op het moment dat u het apparaat ann het einde van de levensduur afdankt of de volgende Yamaha Service Afdeiing:

Yamaha Music Nederland Service Afdeiing Kanaalweg 18-G, 3526 KL UTRECHT Tel. 030-2828425

● Gooi de batterij niet weg, maar lever hem in als KCA.

THE NETHERLANDS

● This apparatus contains a lithium battery for memory back-

up.

● For the removal of the battery at the moment of the disposal

at the end of the service life please consult your retailer or Yamaha Service Center as follows:

Yamaha Music Nederland Service Center Address: Kanaalweg 18-G, 3526 KL

UTRECHT

Tel: 030-2828425

● Do not throw away the battery. Instead, hand it in as small

chemical waste.

Important Information

Please read the following before operating your 02R Digital Recording Console.

Precautions

Installing the 02R

• The unit should be connected only to an AC receptacle of the type described in the owner’s manual or as marked on the unit.

• Be careful to prevent the 02R from getting wet; do not allow water to enter the 02R, especially when raining or snowing, or near a body of a water. Otherwise, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• Do not block the ventilation holes on the 02R. The 02R has ventilation holes on the top, rear, front and bottom panel to prevent the inside temperature from rising. If the ventilation holes are blocked, the heat will remain inside, resulting in ﬁre. In particular, avoid the following situations:

Do not orient the 02R upside down, face down, or sideways. Do not place the 02R in a narrow, non-ventilated space, such as in a

bookcase or closet. Use a dedicated rack.

• Do not place a table cloth on top of the 02R; do not place the 02R on a carpet or mattress.

• Do not place heavy objects on the power cord. If the cord is damaged, ﬁre or electrical shock may result. In particular, it is possible that one might accidentally place a heavy object on the carpet that covers the cord, or place the 02R on top of a power cord; avoid these situations.

• To allow for the efﬁcient release of heat, maintain a gap of 10 cm or more between the rear of the 02R and the wall. Locate the 02R away from other equipment. If the release of heat is insufﬁcient, the heat will remain inside the device, and result in a ﬁre.

• Do not install the 02R in a place where it may be exposed to oil, smoke, or steam (for example, near a cooking table or humidiﬁer). Otherwise, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• Do not place the 02R on an unstable surface, such as an unstable bench or slanted surface. Otherwise, the equipment may fall or drop, resulting in injury.

• Do not place the power cord near a heating device. Otherwise, the cord sheath may melt, resulting in ﬁre or electrical shock.

• Do not locate the 02R in a place subject to excessive heat, such as inside a car with all the windows closed, or in direct sunlight. Otherwise, ﬁre may result.

• Do not place the 02R in a place subject to excessive humidity or dust. Otherwise, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

02R Owner’s Manual

Important Information

• Do not handle the power plug with wet hands. Otherwise, you may receive an electrical shock.

• When you remove the power plug, be sure to hold the plug. Never pull on the cord. Otherwise, the power cord will become damaged, resulting in ﬁre or electrical shock.

• When relocating the 02R, since the 02R is heavy, make sure that two or more people carry it.

• When you are moving the 02R to another location, ﬁrst turn off the power switch, remove the power plug from the AC outlet, and remove all cables connected to external devices. Otherwise, the cables may become damaged, resulting in ﬁre or electrical shock.

• The 02R offers superb sonic quality. To ensure the best possible results, you should use the best quality connecting cables that you can afford. Regular maintenance involves keeping all connections clean using a quality contact cleaner.

Using the 02R

Do not touch the 02R under the following circumstances:

• If you hear thunder, turn off the power switch and remove the power plug from the AC outlet as soon as possible.

If you fear a lightning hit, and the 02R has been connected to an AC outlet, do not touch the power plug. Otherwise, you may receive an electrical shock.

• Do not attempt to modify this equipment. Otherwise, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• Do not remove the case of the 02R. Otherwise, electrical shock may result.

If you think the 02R needs to be checked for maintenance or repair, consult your dealer.

• Do not place a container of water, or any small metal object on top of the 02R. If water is spilled or if the metal object falls inside, ﬁre or electrical shock may result. This applies to vases, potted plants, glasses, cosmetic bottles, medicine, etc.

• Do not damage, process, bend, twist, stretch, or heat the power cord. Otherwise, the cord may be damaged, resulting in ﬁre or electrical shock.

• When you are connecting audio devices or speakers to the 02R, make sure that ﬁrst you turn off the power to all devices to be connected. Refer to the user's guide for each device, and use the speciﬁed cable for connection.

02R Owner’s Manual

• Set the volume level on all the devices to the minimum before turning on the power. Otherwise, an extremely loud noise could damage your hearing.

• If you plan not to use the 02R for a long period of time (such as when you are on vacation), remove the power plug from the AC outlet. Otherwise, a ﬁre could possibly result.

Important Information

If an abnormality occurs while operating the 02, remove the plug from the AC outlet

• If you notice any abnormality—such as smoke, odor, noise, etc—turn off the power to the 02R immediately, and remove the power plug from the AC outlet. Conﬁrm that the abnormality is no longer present, then consult your dealer for repair. If you continue using the 02R under abnormal conditions, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• If a foreign object or water enters inside the equipment, turn off the power to the 02R immediately, remove the power plug from the AC outlet, and consult your dealer for repair. If you continue using the 02R under this condition, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• If the power cord is damaged (for example, the it is cut or if the core wire is exposed), ask your dealer for a replacement. If you continue using the 02R under this condition, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• If the 02R is dropped, or the cabinet is damaged, turn off the power switch, remove the power plug from the AC outlet, and consult your dealer. If you continue using the 02R under this condition, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

iii

Maintenance

• Before cleaning the 02R, remove the power plug from the AC outlet for safety. Otherwise, an electrical shock may result.

• An authorized dealer should clean the internal parts of the 02R on a regular basis. If you do not clean them for a long period of time, allowing dust to accumulate inside the equipment, ﬁre or malfunction may result.

Consult your dealer about cleaning and its cost. The optimum frequency for cleaning is once a year. It is especially effective to clean before a rainy or humid season starts.

• The performance of contact parts—such as switches, the volume encoder, and connectors—deteriorates with use. The degree of deterioration may differ depending on the environment, but the deterioration itself cannot be avoided. To replace the contact parts, consult your dealer.

• Do not apply oil, grease, or a contact repair agent to the faders. Otherwise, the conductivity of the electrical contact point may be affected.

If you think the faders' movement is awkward, refer to “User’s Guide” on page 215 for calibration information.

Data backup

Data stored inside the equipment may be destroyed by malfunction or incorrect operation of the equipment. Be sure to save important data to an external MIDI device for backup.

02R Owner’s Manual

Important Information

Inﬂuences on other electrical devices

This equipment uses many digital circuits, which may cause noise to occur on nearby radio or TV. In this case, relocate the 02R away from those devices.

02R Exclusion of Certain Responsibility

Manufacturer, importer, or dealer shall not be liable for any incidental damages including injury to the person, and/or any other damages caused by improper use or operation of the 02R. Please, read the instructions in this manual.

No part of the 02R software or its user manuals may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means without the prior written authorization of Yamaha Corporation.

Trademarks

ADAT MultiChannel Optical Digital Interface is a trademark and ADAT and Alesis are registered trademarks of Alesis Corporation. Dolby, AC-3, and Pro-Logic are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. Copyright 1992 Dolby Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. Pro Tools is a registered trademark of Digidesign or Avid Technology, Inc. Tascam Digital Interface is a trademark and Tascam and TEAC are registered trademarks of TEAC Corporation. All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective holders.

Package Contents

Your 02R package contains the following items. If you do not have them all, please contact your Yamaha dealer.

• 02R Console

• This Owner’s Manual (contains Getting Started Guide and User’s Guide)

Important Note About Project Manager

Version 1 of Project Manager is not compatible with the 02R Version 2 and may cause data loss. To obtain Version 2 of Project Manager, contact Zeep in Canada at <http://www.zeep.com/> or tel: 514-272-2224 or fax: 514272-2888. Alternatively, contact your Yamaha dealer for additional information about archiving 02R Version 2 data.

02R Owner’s Manual

DIGITAL RECORDING CONSOLE

Getting Started Guide

Guide

Getting Started

Contents

1 Introduction to the 02R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

02R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

User Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Top and Rear Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Key Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Basic Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Making the Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Basic Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Power ON/OFF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Setting the Synchronization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3 Introductory Recording Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Setting the Input Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Applying EQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Using the EQ Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Panning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

4 Secondary Recording Tutorial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Aux Sends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Setting the Aux Send Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Creating a Monitor Mix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Applying Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Recalling and Editing Effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Patching in a Dynamics Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Using the Dynamics Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Scene Memories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

02R Getting Started Guide

Contents

5 Mixing and Automix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

What is 02R Automix? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Real-time Automix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Editing Automix Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Off-line Automix Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Using the Automix Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

In this chapter...

02R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

User Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Top and Rear Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Key Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

02R

From the company that pioneered digital mixing consoles and leads the industry with its acclaimed DSP technology comes the 02R Digital mixing Console—the most advanced digital mixing console in the world. All of Yamaha’s experience and innovation has been applied to the 02R, to create a perfect mixer for use with the current generation of modular digital multitrack tape and disk recorders.

Inputs and Outputs – I/O Cards and Digital Cascade

With the 02R you can record and mix directly to your modular digital multitrack recorder without ever leaving the sonic purity of the digital domain. It is a 40 input channel mixer, each with full dynamic processing and 4-band parametric EQ, plus two stereo internal effects returns. It comes with 24 analog inputs, featuring 20-bit 64-times oversampling analog-to-digital conversion. By adding one of the optional digital I/O cards, you can also have 8 channels of direct digital input. Depending on conﬁguration, up to four cards can be inserted into the 02R. The cards allow you to select from any of the currently used formats (ADAT®, TDIF™, Yamaha, or AES/EBU). The optional cards allow you to route up to 16 outputs directly to your modular digital multitrack recorder. In addition, you can insert a Digital Cascade card into one of the I/O slots, allowing you to connect multiple 02Rs together to create a larger digital mixing system.

Dynamic Automix with Total and Instant Recall

The 02R is a fully dynamic automated mixing console—all referenced to timecode. Its onboard automix system memorizes not just the faders, but a myriad of parameters. Switch individual channels on or off, adjust the EQ or the pan position, change the auxiliary send, and recall any scene memory—automatically. There are 96 internal scene memories which can store every digital mix parameter in a “snapshot” providing instant recall and reset.

Crystal Clarity and Unsurpassed Audio Quality

The 02R features Yamaha’s latest generation 32-bit proprietary audio DSP. All of your mix data is processed internally with 32-bit precision. Using the power of the latest generation effects processor chip, it also has a startling range of effects available: shimmering reverbs, clean, precise delays, ﬂanging and chorus, and other effects are built into this mixer. It also features dynamics processors on all the inputs, allowing you to compress, limit, or gate the signals, giving you unparalleled sonic quality and ﬂexibility. The 02R samples audio at 44.1 kHz or 48 kHz using its internal clock, and can sample at any frequency from 28 kHz to 53 kHz when an external word clock is applied.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

RISC Technology

To provide powerful system control and full dynamic automix, the 02R is driven by a RISC technology CPU. With all this power and sonic quality, the 02R will become the heart of your digital recording studio.

User Guides

The 02R is supplied with an Owner’s Manual that consists of two guides—a

Getting Started Guide and a User’s Guide . You should keep this manual

handy for future reference.

Getting Started Guide

The Getting Started Guide contains a simple description and a couple of tutorials about digital recording with the 02R to get you started. It also has a tutorial on the automix system.

User’s Guide

The User’s Guide explains each 02R function in full detail. Use its table of contents to search for general topics and the index to search for speciﬁcs. A glossary of related terms is also provided.

Where to Start

If you are unfamiliar with the 02R, you should start with the Getting Started

Guide . Read through the section and follow the steps outlined in the

tutorials. Refer to the User’s Guide when you are more familiar with the 02R and just need the details of how a particular function works. You may also want to refer to the User’s Guide for more detailed information while using the Getting Started Guide .

Automix System

Regardless of your level of experience, you should read through the section “Mixing and Automix” on page 67 of the Getting Started Guide . The automix system built into the 02R is unique to this product. Even experienced recording engineers will want to refer to this section to discover how to record and playback entire mixing sessions. You should also refer to the section entitled “Automix” on page 137 of the User’s Guide .

Installation

You should locate the 02R on a stable surface. It should be sited so that the display can be easily read from a comfortable position. Leave plenty of access space at the back of the 02R to make the required connections to the other equipment in your digital recording studio.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

Top and Rear Panels

+48V

+4 -40

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

SEL

TAPE

SEL

OFF

20dB

GAIN

SCENE MEMORY

FADER STATUS

1234 5678

SELECTED CHANNEL

MIC/LINE

TAPE/RTN

OUTPUT

+48V

OFF

20dB

PEAK

SIGNAL

+4 -40

-16 -60

20dB

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

+4 -40

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

20dB

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

17/18

+4 -40

GAIN

PEAK

SIGNAL

19/20

21/22

23/24

010

STUDIO LEVEL

010

T/B LEVEL

010

PHONES

LEVEL

DIGITAL RECORDING CONSOLE

60 70

∞

STEREO

ROUTING

EQ ON

SEL

SELECTED CHANNEL

DIRECTST

RL/MONO

PAN

EQUALIZER

AUX 2

AUX 1

AUX 3

AUX 5

AUX 7

EFF1

SEND LEVEL

ODD

HIGH/LPFH-MIDL-MIDLOW/HPF

AUX

EVEN

Hz kHz

AUX 4

AUX 6

AUX 8 EFF2

STORE

SCENE MEMORY

C-R

AUX 5STAUX 6

2TR-D1 2TR-A1

2TR-D2 2TR-A2

2TR-D3 ST

AUX 5

MONO

CONTROL ROOM

SLATE T/B

TALKBACK

SOLO

RECALL

STUDIO

AUX 6

DIM

010

C-R

LEVEL

CURSOR

ENTER

CLIP

-2

-4

-6

-12

INPUT

AUX

SEL

TAPE

SEL

∞

TAPE

SEL

∞

TAPE

SEL

∞

-15

-24

-35

-48

-60

-72

L STEREO R

CONTRAST

SEL

TAPE

SEL

40 50

∞

EFF2

EFF1

RTN

FLIP

SELONSELONSELONSEL

40 50

∞

17/18

∞

19/20

21/22

23/24

OFF

20dB

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

DISPLAY ACCESS

DIGITAL

SCENE

I/O

MEMORY

MIDI

AUTOMIX GROUP

CONFIGURATION

Ø/ATT DELAY

VIEW

METER

MIXING

AUX 1 AUX 2 AUX 3 AUX 4

AUX 5 AUX 6

AUX

SEL

TAPE

SEL

∞

+4 -40

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

SETUP

PAN ROUTING

AUX 7

EFF1

SEL

TAPE

SEL

OFF

SIGNAL

20dB

+4 -40

-16 -60

PEAK

20dB

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

20dB

GAIN

UTILITY

PAIR

DYNAMICS

AUX 8 EFF2

SEL

TAPE

SEL

40 50

∞

AUX SEND

LRL

C- R

STUDIO

MONITOR

OUT

+4dB +4dB

OUT

02R Getting Started Guide

+4dB

-10dBV

STEREO OUT ANALOG

POWER

ON/ OFF

TIME

+4dB

SMPTE

METER

CODE INPUT

+4dB

-10dBV

2TR IN

ANALOG

MTC

INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT

2224

COAXIAL

AES/EBU

STEREO OUT

DIGITAL

THRU OUT

MIDI

1718192021

75Ω

ON OFF

WORD CLOCK

INOUT

TO HOST

COAXIAL

2TR IN DIGITAL

INPUT AINPUT A

INPUT A

INPUT A INPUT A INPUT A

INPUT A

INPUT

INSERT

INPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUT

AES/EBU

INSERT

I/O

8910111213141516

SLOT 4

INPUT

INSERT I/O

INPUT

INSERT

I/O

SLOT 2

INPUT A

INPUT

INSERT

I/O

1234567

0dB0dB0dB0dB0dB0dB0dB0dB

SLOT 3

SLOT 1

Introduction to the 02R

Features

Sonic Specifications

• Linear 20-bit 64-times oversampling A/D convertors

• Linear 20-bit 8-times oversampling D/A convertors

• 105 dB dynamic range (typical)

• 32-bit precision internal processing with a dynamic range of over 190 dB using Yamaha’s 32-bit proprietary audio DSP

General Features

• 40 input channel mixer, with full dynamic processing and 4-band parametric equalization

• Dynamic automix—all referenced to timecode

• 96 internal scene memories for storing all digital mixer settings

• 4-band Parametric EQ with sweepable center-frequency from 20 Hz to 20kHz and adjustable bandwidth (Q)

• Extensive EQ library

• Comprehensive dynamics processors on each input channel, tape return, and buss and stereo output:

• Compressor

• Expander

• Gate/Ducking

• Soft and Hard Compander

• Dynamics library

• Fully programmable channel settings: phase and attenuation, delay, pan, routing, meters, EQ, and dynamics

• Channel library

• Two internal stereo effects using proprietary processor chip

• Effects library

• 8 output busses, 8 auxiliary send busses, and main stereo mix buss

• 24 balanced analog inputs (8 channels with either XLR-type or phone connectors)

• Continuously variable gain control

• 20 dB input pad

• 8 XLR-type inputs with 48V phantom power for condenser microphones

• 8 analog insert input/output connections

• 2 analog 2TR IN inputs

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

• 2 analog stereo outputs

• 6 analog auxiliary send outputs

• Stereo studio and control room outputs

• 3 digital 2TR IN inputs

• 2 digital stereo outputs

• Industry standard AES/EBU or IEC958 Part2 (Consumer) digital

• 100 mm motorized faders

• Fader and mute groups for single fader or button control over several

• Adjacent channel pair function for stereo operation on inputs, tape

• Dedicated buttons and controls of the Selected Channel module

• Large 320

• RISC technology CPU

• SMPTE and MTC synchronization plus full MIDI implementation

inputs and outputs

faders or channel ON buttons

returns, and auxiliary channels

240 pixel, FL-backlit, user-friendly graphical display

Options

• Digital I/O cards:

• ADAT (CD8-AT)

• TASCAM (CD8-TDII)

• Yamaha (CD8-Y)

• AES/EBU double slot card (CD8-AE)

• AES/EBU single slot card (CD8-AE-S)

• Cascade Kit (CD8-CS)

• Analog I/O cards

• Analog I/O double slot card (CD8-AD)

• Analog input single slot card (CD8-AD-S)

• Automix 1 MB memory expansion (ME4M)

• Meter bridge (MB02)

• Wooden side panels (W02SP)

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

Key Features

This section looks at some of the key features of the 02R, what they mean to you, and some hints about how you can use them.

Dynamic Automix

One of the most demanding jobs of the recording engineer is taking all the raw material produced during a multitrack recording session and mixing it all together into an artistically satisfying master recording. The ability to setup portions of the mix and then have them playback automatically as you work on other portions is probably the most important feature of the 02R.

It has an on-board automix system that memorizes fader positions, switches individual channels on or off, adjusts the EQ or pan positions, and changes the auxiliary sends—all referenced to timecode. It can also record and execute scene memory changes, also referenced to timecode. This allows you to perform an entire mixing session, and then edit individual channel settings until you have achieved the perfect mix.

The 02R allows you to record a mixdown in real-time and then edit the results, either in real-time or by using one of the event editors. You can select single parameters of the mixer to edit—for example, just enable the faders for one pass as you create your mixdown.

Scene Memories

The 02R has 96 internal scene memories each of which is a snapshot of all the digital settings of the mixer (a mix scene). Each can be named for easy identiﬁcation. They can be stored and later recalled instantly.

If you work on several projects at one time, you can store the current mixer settings in a scene memory so when you return to that project, you can start immediately from where you left off. When you are working on a mixdown, the ability to recall mixer scenes can speed the process and allows for accurate repetition of the various parts of the mix. When you use the 02R for sound reinforcement applications, the ability to recall mix scenes can make light work of night-after-night sound checks.

Storing the mixer settings to a scene memory is a simple matter of pressing the [STORE] button and conﬁrming the request.

Note: You can customize your 02R to perform the storage operation without

conﬁrmation. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more details.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

Recalling the scene is even easier—just press the [RECALL] button. You should be careful that your scene memories ﬂow into each other smoothly. The instant recall means that you can have very abrupt level changes or the unexpected intrusion of a very loud channel.

Note: The 02R allows you to have programmable fades between scene memories.

The only thing you need to watch is the sudden sound of a channel being switched on. Even then, if the original channel level was set to – problems. See “Fade Time” on page 136 of the User’s Guide.

dB, you should have no

∞

Large Graphical Display

The heart of the 02R user interface is the large graphical display located in the center of the console. Using the Display Access controls, you can gain immediate access to the features of the mixer—clearly displayed on the 320

240 pixel, FL-backlit, user-friendly graphical display. Virtual control modules are shown on the display, allowing you to adjust almost any digital parameter anywhere in the system.

As well as displaying parameter values numerically, faders, rotary controls, and push buttons are represented graphically, so you can actually see button status, pan positions, and fader levels.

In addition the EQ curves are displayed graphically as are the dynamics processor parameters.

User Interface

The 02R user interface is powerful but very intuitive. There are two main methods of working with the 02R:

• Use the DISPLAY ACCESS controls to modify one parameter at a time

across the entire recording console.

• Use the SELECTED CHANNEL controls to modify all of the

parameters of the currently selected channel.

The DISPLAY ACCESS controls consist of a block of 24 function buttons divided into three groups—CONFIGURATION, MIXING, and AUX—plus the large backlit graphical display, four cursor buttons, a detented encoder wheel, and the [ENTER] button. There is also a related block of four SCENE MEMORY buttons—to increment, decrement, store, and recall the scene memories.

The SELECTED CHANNEL controls consist of four main blocks of controls—each block was designed to be as familiar as the equivalent controls on a regular analog mixer, but with the power of digital precision and instant recall. The ROUTING block selects the bus onto which to route the current channel signal. The AUX block selects the auxiliary buss to send the channel signal to and sets the send level. The PAN block sets the pan position of the channel signal. The EQ block sets the EQ curve for the

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

current channel. You can customize your 02R to automatically select the corresponding display pages when you adjust a control in these blocks.

Motorized Faders

In addition to the DISPLAY ACCESS and SELECTED CHANNEL controls, each input channel and the stereo master channel utilizes a 100 mm motorized fader. When a scene memory is recalled, the faders position themselves automatically to the levels stored. Fader movements are replayed automatically in synchronization with timecode automix during playback.

The faders allow you to quickly and accurately set the levels for the selected channels. By pressing the [FLIP] button, you can transfer fader control over your tape returns as well. Faders can be grouped into one of four fader groups for control of multiple faders from a single control. (There are also four mute groups which allow you to toggle a group of channels on or off.) You can also control two adjacent channels in stereo with the pair operation using only one fader.

Internal Stereo Effects

The 02R features eight aux sends, two of which are routed to the internal multi-effects stereo processors: Effect 1 and Effect 2. Using the power of Yamaha’s proprietary effects processor chip, the 02R has a startling range of special effects available to apply to your mix. Shimmering reverbs, clean and precise delays, ﬂanging and chorus, and a myriad of other effects are available built right into this mixer. The effects are processed entirely within the digital domain, ensuring the signal quality is the ﬁnest that a digital system can provide.

External effects processors can be patched into the system using the 02R’s analog AUX send outputs, which feature 18-bit linear, 8-times oversampling D/A converters.

Effects can be applied to input channels or the tape return channels, and the auxiliary sends can be conﬁgured pre-fader or post-fader. There are 40 preset effects programs and 88 user effects programs for you to store your own settings.

Dynamics Processors

Dynamics processors are generally used to correct or control signal levels. However, you can also use them creatively to shape the volume envelope of a sound. The 02R features comprehensive dynamics processors for all the input, return, bus, and stereo output channels—a total of 50 processors. These processors allow you to compress, expand, limit, gate, or duck the signals passing through the mixer, giving you unparalleled sonic quality and ﬂexibility.

Similar to the internal stereo effects, the dynamics processors are patched directly into the signal path while the audio data remains in the digital

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

domain. The dynamics program settings are stored in the dynamics library. There are 40 preset programs for you to recall and 88 user programs for you to store your own dynamics programs

Parametric EQ with Library

The 02R contains a high-performance four-band, fully parametric EQ. Each input channel, tape and effect return, and the stereo output channel features an EQ. You can tailor the EQ curve with a high degree of precision, covering the entire dynamic spectrum from 21 Hz to 20.1 kHz. Select the center-frequency (F) and adjust the bandwidth (Q) and the gain (G) until you have achieved the perfect sound.

EQ settings can be stored and recalled using scene memories, and can be adjusted in real-time with the dynamic automix system. The 02R also has an extensive EQ library which allows you to store frequently used EQ settings for instant recall. An EQ program stored in the EQ library is a good starting point and reference when making adjustments to the EQ.

Digital Benefits

You’re probably already familiar with the many beneﬁts of digital audio, but what exactly are the beneﬁts for digital audio mixing?

An audio mixer has the job of combining audio signals from various sources, at differing levels and impedances, usually into a stereo signal. It must do this without introducing any new distortions and noise. Most analog mixers do a pretty good job, but even with the best designs, nonlinear effects caused by circuit components are unavoidable.

In the digital realm, audio mixing consists of adding and multiplying the binary numbers that represent audio signals. The 02R uses a 32-bit DSP (Digital Signal Processor) chip for these calculations, ensuring a very high degree of precision. Once past the analog-to-digital conversion, audio signals are essentially immune from standard signal degradation. With the 02R, noise, distortion, and crosstalk are virtually eliminated. You’ll hear a new clarity in your mixes.

Once in the digital realm, there’s little point converting back to analog. The 02R features stereo digital outputs for direct mixdown to DAT and other digital recorders. It uses the industry standards AES/EBU or IEC958 Part 2 (Consumer) for its digital inputs and outputs. With one of the optional digital I/O cards installed in your 02R, you can record direct-to-digital to your modular digital multitrack recorder.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

02R Sonic Performance

The 02R uses linear 20-bit 64-times oversampling analog-to-digital converters to provide a typical dynamic range of 105 dB. This means that an audio program’s dynamic range, from low to high levels, is processed intact. The 02R samples audio at 44.1 kHz or 48 kHz. It provides a full spectrum frequency response from 20 Hz to 20 kHz, +1, –3 dB.

For digital-to-analog conversion, the 02R features 20-bit 8-times oversampling for its main stereo outputs, including the control room monitor outputs, and 18-bit 8-times oversampling for the studio and aux send outputs. Oversampling and bitstream techniques effectively increase the internal sampling rate, so side effects caused by steep low-pass ﬁlters, which are used to ﬁlter out undesirable sampling frequency components during conversion, are virtually eliminated. Consequently, audio signal integrity is maintained from input through to output.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

02R Getting Started Guide

Getting Started

In this chapter...

Basic Assumptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Making the Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Basic Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Power ON/OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Setting the Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Recall Scene Memory 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

02R Getting Started Guide

14 Getting Started

WARNING! Bef

WARNING! The 02R

Basic Assumptions

The 02R was designed to be the perfect digital mixing console for a studio using the current generation of modular digital multitrack tape and disk recorders. Although the 02R can also be used as a sound-reinforcement mixer, the typical user will own a project recording or post-production studio with some form of multitrack recorder. Therefore, your 02R will probably be equipped with one or more of the optional input/output cards. For the purposes of these tutorials, it does not matter if you are working with an analog or digital multitrack.

What You Will Need

To perform the following tutorials, you will need:

• The 02R.

• A sound source: CD player, drum machine, synthesizer/sequencer

with demo song.

• Ampliﬁers and speakers, or headphones.

ore making any connections, make sure that all your equipment is turned OFF.

• A multitrack recorder and a stereo master recorder.

• Audio connecting cables.

Making the Connections

1. Connect your sound source to input channel 1.

If you are using a stereo sound source, connect it to input channel 2 as well. A stereo source is not essential, and for most of the tutorials it will probably be easier to work with just one channel. If your sound source has XLR-type connectors, connect it to the XLR-type connectors on the 02R. Otherwise, use the phone jacks and select INPUT B with the [A/B] switch.

2. Connect the C-R MONITOR OUT connectors to the inputs on your power ampliﬁer.

If you are using headphones, connect them to the PHONES jack.

3. Connect your multitrack recorder to the appropriate optional input/output card.

should be connected only to an AC receptacle of the voltage type marked on its rear panel.

02R Getting Started Guide

You can also connect your stereo master recorder to either the digital or analog STEREO OUT connectors.

4. Plug the 02R into a suitable AC receptacle.

Getting Started 15

Basic Setup

The following illustration shows how to set up a minimal system that will allow you to perform the following tutorials.

Ampliﬁer

Sound Source Multitrack recorder

02R Getting Started Guide

16 Getting Started

Power ON/OFF

This section explains how to power the 02R on and off.

Power ON

It is always important to observe the correct order for powering up equipment in a studio. Always start with the multitrack and mastering recorders and the signal processors, then the 02R, and ﬁnally the monitoring ampliﬁers and other downstream gear.

POWER

ON/ OFF

1. Turn ON the power to the 02R by pressing the POWER switch on the rear panel.

The 02R start-up screen appears for a few seconds, the faders return to their previous positions, then the page that was used when the 02R was last powered off appears.

Power OFF

It is always important to observe the correct order for powering off equipment in a studio. Always start with the monitoring ampliﬁers and other downstream gear, then the 02R, and ﬁnally the multitrack and mastering recorders and the signal processors.

1. Turn OFF the power to the 02R by pressing the POWER switch on the rear panel.

All mix settings, mix scenes, and other data are stored when the 02R is powered off.

Setting the Synchronization

02R Getting Started Guide

Before you use the 02R with a modular digital multitrack recorder or DAT master recorder, be sure to correctly set the synchronization. The 02R must be slaved to an external wordclock in order to process the input digital signals without drop-out or distortion. Refer to the section “Word Clock Select” on page 188 of the User’s Guide.

Look in the chapter “Installing Options” on page 217 of the User’s Guide. There is a section for each of the optional digital I/O cards that the 02R supports. Refer to the appropriate section for the card installed in your 02R.

Getting Started 17

Recall Scene Memory 0

Before you start the tutorials, you should set the 02R to its initial mixer settings.

1. Use the SCENE MEMORY increment or decrement buttons to select scene memory 0 “0 Initial Data”.

2. Press the [RECALL] button.

STORE

SCENE MEMORY

RECALL

This is a read-only scene memory that contains the default settings for the system. The 02R will be reset to its initial settings.

Note: It is best to start at the beginning of each tutorial and work your way through, taking breaks as required. If you deviate too far from the tutorial, or jump into a tutorial halfway through, you may ﬁnd that subsequent tutorial steps do not work as expected. Also note that the tutorials do not explain all 02R functions, nor do they serve as a substitute for the User’s Guide explanations. For full details on all 02R functions, refer to the User’s Guide.

02R Getting Started Guide

18 Getting Started

02R Getting Started Guide

Introductory Recording Tutorial 19

Introductory Recording Tutorial

In this chapter...

Setting the Input Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Applying EQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Using the EQ Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Panning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

02R Getting Started Guide

20 Introductory Recording Tutorial

Setting the Input Level

Assuming that the 02R is powered ON and your music source is playing, the very ﬁrst thing you need to do is set up a basic control room monitor mix. When you recall Scene Memory 0 “0 Initial Data”, all the channel faders are set to the 0 dB mark.

Setting Fader Levels

40 50

∞

60 70

∞

STEREO

If the faders are not set to 0 dB, you should perform the following steps to optimize the input signal level for the best performance:

1. Set the fader for MIC/LINE 1 to the 0 dB mark.

The 0 dB fader position is a good place to start when setting fader levels. It is a good setting with regard to signal level and noise performance and it leaves room for you to raise the level later, if necessary.

2. Set the STEREO fader to the 0 dB mark.

The stereo output meters are indicating the stereo output level. The stereo mix signal is now being output to the digital and analog STEREO OUT connectors.

2TR-D2 2TR-A2

2TR-D3 ST

AUX 5

MONO

CONTROL ROOM

AUX 6

DIM

010

C-R

LEVEL

Selecting a Monitor Source

Before you can hear anything through your monitor ampliﬁer and speakers, you have to select a Control Room source:

1. Press the [ST] button of the CONTROL ROOM buttons group.

This selects the stereo bus for monitoring in the control room.

2. Adjust the volume with the C-R LEVEL control.

You should be able to hear the sound source through your monitor speakers. If you are using stereo headphones, you will need to adjust the PHONES LEVEL control to set a comfortable listening level.

Note: Be very careful with the level settings, especially if you are using stereo headphones. When you are adjusting a unit as complex as the 02R, it is possible for you to inadvertently switch on a very loud signal source. Damaged loudspeakers or ampliﬁers can be very expensive. Damage to your hearing can be much worse. Your ears are for life!

02R Getting Started Guide

Introductory Recording Tutorial 21

Setting the GAIN

1. Use the [METER] button to locate the METER 1/3 page.

METER

20dB

The MIC/LINE 1 signal is metered.

2. If the sound is distorted, the PEAK indicator is illuminated, or the level is going up to CLIP, press the 20 dB (pad) switch to attenuate the input signal for MIC/LINE 1.

You usually need to pad (attenuate) the input signal when you connect a line level device, such as a synthesizer or an effects unit to the channel. If you connect a microphone, you should not need to pad the signal.

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

If you want to use a high impedance device, such as a guitar or bass guitar, you should insert a direct box or effects processor between the guitar and the 02R—or you should mike the guitar ampliﬁer.

Note: The stereo input channels (LINE 17 through 24) accept line level signals only.

3. Use the GAIN control for MIC/LINE 1 to optimize the signal level.

Ideally the level should be set relatively high to obtain the best signal-to-noise performance. It is acceptable for the PEAK indicator to occasionally illuminate but the signal levels should not reach CLIP. If the PEAK indicator illuminates constantly, the signal is overloading the input preampliﬁer and you may be able to hear analog clipping distortion. When CLIP is reached, you will experience digital clipping distortion, which is usually very unpleasant sounding.

02R Getting Started Guide

+ 384 hidden pages