Yamaha O2R User Manual

DIGITAL RECORDING CONSOLE

ADVARSEL! Lithiumbatteri—Eksplosionsfare ved fejlagtig håndtering. Udskiftning må kun ske med batteri af samme fabrikat og type. Levér det brugte batteri tilbage til leverandoren.

VARNING Explosionsfara vid felaktigt batteribyte. Använd samma batterityp eller en ekvivalent typ som rekommenderas av apparattillverkaren. Kassera använt batteri enligt fabrikantens instruktion.

VAROITUS Paristo voi räjähtää, jos se on virheellisesti asennettu. Vaihda paristo ainoastaan laitevalmistajan suosittelemaan tyyppiin. Hävitä käytetty paristo valmistajan ohjeiden mukaisesti.

FCC INFORMATION (U.S.A.)

1. IMPORTANT NOTICE: DO NOT MODIFY THIS UNIT! This product, when installed as indicated in the instructions contained in this manual, meets FCC requirements. Modifications not expressly approved by Yamaha may void your authority, granted by the FCC, to use the product.

2. IMPORTANT: When connecting this product to accessories and/or another product use only high quality shielded cables. Cable/s supplied with this product MUST be used. Follow all installation instructions. Failure to follow instructions could void your FCC authorization to use this product in the USA.

3. NOTE: This product has been tested and found to comply with the requirements listed in FCC Regulations, Part 15 for Class “B” digital devices. Compliance with these requirements provides a reasonable level of assurance that your use of this product in a residential environment will not result in harmful interference with other electronic devices. This equipment generates/uses radio frequencies and, if not installed and used according to the instructions found in the users manual, may cause interference harmful to the operation of other electronic devices. Compliance with FCC regulations does not guarantee that interference will not occur in all installations. If this product is found to be the source of interference, which can be determined by turning the unit “OFF” and “ON”, please try to eliminate the problem by using one of the following measures: Relocate either this product or the device that is being affected by the interference. Utilize power outlets that are on different branch (circuit breaker or fuse) circuits or install AC line filter/s. In the case of radio or TV interference, relocate/reorient the antenna. If the antenna lead-in is 300 ohm ribbon lead, change the lead-in to coaxial type cable. If these corrective measures do not produce satisfactory results, please contact the local retailer authorized to distribute this type of product. If you can not locate the appropriate retailer, please contact Yamaha Corporation of America, Electronic Service Division, 6600 Orangethorpe Ave, Buena Park, CA 90620

* This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA CORPORATION OF AMERICA.

IMPORTANT NOTICE FOR

THE UNITED KINGDOM

Connecting the Plug and Cord

WARNING: THIS APPARATUS MUST BE EARTHED IMPORTANT: The wires in this mains lead are coloured in accordance with

the following code: GREEN-AND-YELLOW : EARTH

BLUE : NEUTRAL BROWN : LIVE

As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this apparatus may not correspond with the coloured markings identifying the terminals in your plug, proceed as follows:

The wire which is coloured GREEN and YELLOW must be connected to the terminal in the plug which is marked by the letter E or by the safety earth symbol or coloured GREEN and YELLOW.

The wire which is coloured BLUE must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured BLACK.

The wire which is coloured BROWN must be connected to the terminal which is marked with the letter L or coloured RED.

* This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA KEMBLE

MUSIC (U.K.) LTD.

NEDERLAND

● Dit apparaat bevat een lithium batterij voor geheugen back-

up.

● Raadpleeg uw leverancier over de verwijdering van de batterij

op het moment dat u het apparaat ann het einde van de levensduur afdankt of de volgende Yamaha Service Afdeiing:

Yamaha Music Nederland Service Afdeiing Kanaalweg 18-G, 3526 KL UTRECHT Tel. 030-2828425

● Gooi de batterij niet weg, maar lever hem in als KCA.

THE NETHERLANDS

● This apparatus contains a lithium battery for memory back-

up.

● For the removal of the battery at the moment of the disposal

at the end of the service life please consult your retailer or Yamaha Service Center as follows:

Yamaha Music Nederland Service Center Address: Kanaalweg 18-G, 3526 KL

UTRECHT

Tel: 030-2828425

● Do not throw away the battery. Instead, hand it in as small

chemical waste.

Important Information

Please read the following before operating your 02R Digital Recording Console.

Precautions

Installing the 02R

• The unit should be connected only to an AC receptacle of the type described in the owner’s manual or as marked on the unit.

• Be careful to prevent the 02R from getting wet; do not allow water to enter the 02R, especially when raining or snowing, or near a body of a water. Otherwise, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• Do not block the ventilation holes on the 02R. The 02R has ventilation holes on the top, rear, front and bottom panel to prevent the inside temperature from rising. If the ventilation holes are blocked, the heat will remain inside, resulting in ﬁre. In particular, avoid the following situations:

Do not orient the 02R upside down, face down, or sideways. Do not place the 02R in a narrow, non-ventilated space, such as in a

bookcase or closet. Use a dedicated rack.

• Do not place a table cloth on top of the 02R; do not place the 02R on a carpet or mattress.

• Do not place heavy objects on the power cord. If the cord is damaged, ﬁre or electrical shock may result. In particular, it is possible that one might accidentally place a heavy object on the carpet that covers the cord, or place the 02R on top of a power cord; avoid these situations.

• To allow for the efﬁcient release of heat, maintain a gap of 10 cm or more between the rear of the 02R and the wall. Locate the 02R away from other equipment. If the release of heat is insufﬁcient, the heat will remain inside the device, and result in a ﬁre.

• Do not install the 02R in a place where it may be exposed to oil, smoke, or steam (for example, near a cooking table or humidiﬁer). Otherwise, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• Do not place the 02R on an unstable surface, such as an unstable bench or slanted surface. Otherwise, the equipment may fall or drop, resulting in injury.

• Do not place the power cord near a heating device. Otherwise, the cord sheath may melt, resulting in ﬁre or electrical shock.

• Do not locate the 02R in a place subject to excessive heat, such as inside a car with all the windows closed, or in direct sunlight. Otherwise, ﬁre may result.

• Do not place the 02R in a place subject to excessive humidity or dust. Otherwise, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

02R Owner’s Manual

Important Information

• Do not handle the power plug with wet hands. Otherwise, you may receive an electrical shock.

• When you remove the power plug, be sure to hold the plug. Never pull on the cord. Otherwise, the power cord will become damaged, resulting in ﬁre or electrical shock.

• When relocating the 02R, since the 02R is heavy, make sure that two or more people carry it.

• When you are moving the 02R to another location, ﬁrst turn off the power switch, remove the power plug from the AC outlet, and remove all cables connected to external devices. Otherwise, the cables may become damaged, resulting in ﬁre or electrical shock.

• The 02R offers superb sonic quality. To ensure the best possible results, you should use the best quality connecting cables that you can afford. Regular maintenance involves keeping all connections clean using a quality contact cleaner.

Using the 02R

Do not touch the 02R under the following circumstances:

• If you hear thunder, turn off the power switch and remove the power plug from the AC outlet as soon as possible.

If you fear a lightning hit, and the 02R has been connected to an AC outlet, do not touch the power plug. Otherwise, you may receive an electrical shock.

• Do not attempt to modify this equipment. Otherwise, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• Do not remove the case of the 02R. Otherwise, electrical shock may result.

If you think the 02R needs to be checked for maintenance or repair, consult your dealer.

• Do not place a container of water, or any small metal object on top of the 02R. If water is spilled or if the metal object falls inside, ﬁre or electrical shock may result. This applies to vases, potted plants, glasses, cosmetic bottles, medicine, etc.

• Do not damage, process, bend, twist, stretch, or heat the power cord. Otherwise, the cord may be damaged, resulting in ﬁre or electrical shock.

• When you are connecting audio devices or speakers to the 02R, make sure that ﬁrst you turn off the power to all devices to be connected. Refer to the user's guide for each device, and use the speciﬁed cable for connection.

02R Owner’s Manual

• Set the volume level on all the devices to the minimum before turning on the power. Otherwise, an extremely loud noise could damage your hearing.

• If you plan not to use the 02R for a long period of time (such as when you are on vacation), remove the power plug from the AC outlet. Otherwise, a ﬁre could possibly result.

Important Information

If an abnormality occurs while operating the 02, remove the plug from the AC outlet

• If you notice any abnormality—such as smoke, odor, noise, etc—turn off the power to the 02R immediately, and remove the power plug from the AC outlet. Conﬁrm that the abnormality is no longer present, then consult your dealer for repair. If you continue using the 02R under abnormal conditions, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• If a foreign object or water enters inside the equipment, turn off the power to the 02R immediately, remove the power plug from the AC outlet, and consult your dealer for repair. If you continue using the 02R under this condition, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• If the power cord is damaged (for example, the it is cut or if the core wire is exposed), ask your dealer for a replacement. If you continue using the 02R under this condition, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

• If the 02R is dropped, or the cabinet is damaged, turn off the power switch, remove the power plug from the AC outlet, and consult your dealer. If you continue using the 02R under this condition, ﬁre or electrical shock may result.

iii

Maintenance

• Before cleaning the 02R, remove the power plug from the AC outlet for safety. Otherwise, an electrical shock may result.

• An authorized dealer should clean the internal parts of the 02R on a regular basis. If you do not clean them for a long period of time, allowing dust to accumulate inside the equipment, ﬁre or malfunction may result.

Consult your dealer about cleaning and its cost. The optimum frequency for cleaning is once a year. It is especially effective to clean before a rainy or humid season starts.

• The performance of contact parts—such as switches, the volume encoder, and connectors—deteriorates with use. The degree of deterioration may differ depending on the environment, but the deterioration itself cannot be avoided. To replace the contact parts, consult your dealer.

• Do not apply oil, grease, or a contact repair agent to the faders. Otherwise, the conductivity of the electrical contact point may be affected.

If you think the faders' movement is awkward, refer to “User’s Guide” on page 215 for calibration information.

Data backup

Data stored inside the equipment may be destroyed by malfunction or incorrect operation of the equipment. Be sure to save important data to an external MIDI device for backup.

02R Owner’s Manual

Important Information

Inﬂuences on other electrical devices

This equipment uses many digital circuits, which may cause noise to occur on nearby radio or TV. In this case, relocate the 02R away from those devices.

02R Exclusion of Certain Responsibility

Manufacturer, importer, or dealer shall not be liable for any incidental damages including injury to the person, and/or any other damages caused by improper use or operation of the 02R. Please, read the instructions in this manual.

No part of the 02R software or its user manuals may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means without the prior written authorization of Yamaha Corporation.

Trademarks

ADAT MultiChannel Optical Digital Interface is a trademark and ADAT and Alesis are registered trademarks of Alesis Corporation. Dolby, AC-3, and Pro-Logic are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation. Copyright 1992 Dolby Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. Pro Tools is a registered trademark of Digidesign or Avid Technology, Inc. Tascam Digital Interface is a trademark and Tascam and TEAC are registered trademarks of TEAC Corporation. All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective holders.

Package Contents

Your 02R package contains the following items. If you do not have them all, please contact your Yamaha dealer.

• 02R Console

• This Owner’s Manual (contains Getting Started Guide and User’s Guide)

Important Note About Project Manager

Version 1 of Project Manager is not compatible with the 02R Version 2 and may cause data loss. To obtain Version 2 of Project Manager, contact Zeep in Canada at <http://www.zeep.com/> or tel: 514-272-2224 or fax: 514272-2888. Alternatively, contact your Yamaha dealer for additional information about archiving 02R Version 2 data.

02R Owner’s Manual

DIGITAL RECORDING CONSOLE

Getting Started Guide

Guide

Getting Started

Contents

1 Introduction to the 02R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

02R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

User Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Top and Rear Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Key Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Basic Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Making the Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Basic Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Power ON/OFF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Setting the Synchronization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3 Introductory Recording Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Setting the Input Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Applying EQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Using the EQ Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Panning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

4 Secondary Recording Tutorial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Aux Sends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Setting the Aux Send Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Creating a Monitor Mix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Applying Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Recalling and Editing Effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Patching in a Dynamics Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Using the Dynamics Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Scene Memories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

02R Getting Started Guide

Contents

5 Mixing and Automix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

What is 02R Automix? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Real-time Automix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Editing Automix Events. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Off-line Automix Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Using the Automix Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

In this chapter...

02R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

User Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Top and Rear Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Key Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

02R

From the company that pioneered digital mixing consoles and leads the industry with its acclaimed DSP technology comes the 02R Digital mixing Console—the most advanced digital mixing console in the world. All of Yamaha’s experience and innovation has been applied to the 02R, to create a perfect mixer for use with the current generation of modular digital multitrack tape and disk recorders.

Inputs and Outputs – I/O Cards and Digital Cascade

With the 02R you can record and mix directly to your modular digital multitrack recorder without ever leaving the sonic purity of the digital domain. It is a 40 input channel mixer, each with full dynamic processing and 4-band parametric EQ, plus two stereo internal effects returns. It comes with 24 analog inputs, featuring 20-bit 64-times oversampling analog-to-digital conversion. By adding one of the optional digital I/O cards, you can also have 8 channels of direct digital input. Depending on conﬁguration, up to four cards can be inserted into the 02R. The cards allow you to select from any of the currently used formats (ADAT®, TDIF™, Yamaha, or AES/EBU). The optional cards allow you to route up to 16 outputs directly to your modular digital multitrack recorder. In addition, you can insert a Digital Cascade card into one of the I/O slots, allowing you to connect multiple 02Rs together to create a larger digital mixing system.

Dynamic Automix with Total and Instant Recall

The 02R is a fully dynamic automated mixing console—all referenced to timecode. Its onboard automix system memorizes not just the faders, but a myriad of parameters. Switch individual channels on or off, adjust the EQ or the pan position, change the auxiliary send, and recall any scene memory—automatically. There are 96 internal scene memories which can store every digital mix parameter in a “snapshot” providing instant recall and reset.

Crystal Clarity and Unsurpassed Audio Quality

The 02R features Yamaha’s latest generation 32-bit proprietary audio DSP. All of your mix data is processed internally with 32-bit precision. Using the power of the latest generation effects processor chip, it also has a startling range of effects available: shimmering reverbs, clean, precise delays, ﬂanging and chorus, and other effects are built into this mixer. It also features dynamics processors on all the inputs, allowing you to compress, limit, or gate the signals, giving you unparalleled sonic quality and ﬂexibility. The 02R samples audio at 44.1 kHz or 48 kHz using its internal clock, and can sample at any frequency from 28 kHz to 53 kHz when an external word clock is applied.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

RISC Technology

To provide powerful system control and full dynamic automix, the 02R is driven by a RISC technology CPU. With all this power and sonic quality, the 02R will become the heart of your digital recording studio.

User Guides

The 02R is supplied with an Owner’s Manual that consists of two guides—a

Getting Started Guide and a User’s Guide . You should keep this manual

handy for future reference.

Getting Started Guide

The Getting Started Guide contains a simple description and a couple of tutorials about digital recording with the 02R to get you started. It also has a tutorial on the automix system.

User’s Guide

The User’s Guide explains each 02R function in full detail. Use its table of contents to search for general topics and the index to search for speciﬁcs. A glossary of related terms is also provided.

Where to Start

If you are unfamiliar with the 02R, you should start with the Getting Started

Guide . Read through the section and follow the steps outlined in the

tutorials. Refer to the User’s Guide when you are more familiar with the 02R and just need the details of how a particular function works. You may also want to refer to the User’s Guide for more detailed information while using the Getting Started Guide .

Automix System

Regardless of your level of experience, you should read through the section “Mixing and Automix” on page 67 of the Getting Started Guide . The automix system built into the 02R is unique to this product. Even experienced recording engineers will want to refer to this section to discover how to record and playback entire mixing sessions. You should also refer to the section entitled “Automix” on page 137 of the User’s Guide .

Installation

You should locate the 02R on a stable surface. It should be sited so that the display can be easily read from a comfortable position. Leave plenty of access space at the back of the 02R to make the required connections to the other equipment in your digital recording studio.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

Top and Rear Panels

+48V

+4 -40

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

SEL

TAPE

SEL

OFF

20dB

GAIN

SCENE MEMORY

FADER STATUS

1234 5678

SELECTED CHANNEL

MIC/LINE

TAPE/RTN

OUTPUT

+48V

OFF

20dB

PEAK

SIGNAL

+4 -40

-16 -60

20dB

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

+4 -40

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

20dB

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

17/18

+4 -40

GAIN

PEAK

SIGNAL

19/20

21/22

23/24

010

STUDIO LEVEL

010

T/B LEVEL

010

PHONES

LEVEL

DIGITAL RECORDING CONSOLE

60 70

∞

STEREO

ROUTING

EQ ON

SEL

SELECTED CHANNEL

DIRECTST

RL/MONO

PAN

EQUALIZER

AUX 2

AUX 1

AUX 3

AUX 5

AUX 7

EFF1

SEND LEVEL

ODD

HIGH/LPFH-MIDL-MIDLOW/HPF

AUX

EVEN

Hz kHz

AUX 4

AUX 6

AUX 8 EFF2

STORE

SCENE MEMORY

C-R

AUX 5STAUX 6

2TR-D1 2TR-A1

2TR-D2 2TR-A2

2TR-D3 ST

AUX 5

MONO

CONTROL ROOM

SLATE T/B

TALKBACK

SOLO

RECALL

STUDIO

AUX 6

DIM

010

C-R

LEVEL

CURSOR

ENTER

CLIP

-2

-4

-6

-12

INPUT

AUX

SEL

TAPE

SEL

∞

TAPE

SEL

∞

TAPE

SEL

∞

-15

-24

-35

-48

-60

-72

L STEREO R

CONTRAST

SEL

TAPE

SEL

40 50

∞

EFF2

EFF1

RTN

FLIP

SELONSELONSELONSEL

40 50

∞

17/18

∞

19/20

21/22

23/24

OFF

20dB

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

DISPLAY ACCESS

DIGITAL

SCENE

I/O

MEMORY

MIDI

AUTOMIX GROUP

CONFIGURATION

Ø/ATT DELAY

VIEW

METER

MIXING

AUX 1 AUX 2 AUX 3 AUX 4

AUX 5 AUX 6

AUX

SEL

TAPE

SEL

∞

+4 -40

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

SETUP

PAN ROUTING

AUX 7

EFF1

SEL

TAPE

SEL

OFF

SIGNAL

20dB

+4 -40

-16 -60

PEAK

20dB

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

PEAK

SIGNAL

20dB

GAIN

UTILITY

PAIR

DYNAMICS

AUX 8 EFF2

SEL

TAPE

SEL

40 50

∞

AUX SEND

LRL

C- R

STUDIO

MONITOR

OUT

+4dB +4dB

OUT

02R Getting Started Guide

+4dB

-10dBV

STEREO OUT ANALOG

POWER

ON/ OFF

TIME

+4dB

SMPTE

METER

CODE INPUT

+4dB

-10dBV

2TR IN

ANALOG

MTC

INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT

2224

COAXIAL

AES/EBU

STEREO OUT

DIGITAL

THRU OUT

MIDI

1718192021

75Ω

ON OFF

WORD CLOCK

INOUT

TO HOST

COAXIAL

2TR IN DIGITAL

INPUT AINPUT A

INPUT A

INPUT A INPUT A INPUT A

INPUT A

INPUT

INSERT

INPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUTINPUT

AES/EBU

INSERT

I/O

8910111213141516

SLOT 4

INPUT

INSERT I/O

INPUT

INSERT

I/O

SLOT 2

INPUT A

INPUT

INSERT

I/O

1234567

0dB0dB0dB0dB0dB0dB0dB0dB

SLOT 3

SLOT 1

Introduction to the 02R

Features

Sonic Specifications

• Linear 20-bit 64-times oversampling A/D convertors

• Linear 20-bit 8-times oversampling D/A convertors

• 105 dB dynamic range (typical)

• 32-bit precision internal processing with a dynamic range of over 190 dB using Yamaha’s 32-bit proprietary audio DSP

General Features

• 40 input channel mixer, with full dynamic processing and 4-band parametric equalization

• Dynamic automix—all referenced to timecode

• 96 internal scene memories for storing all digital mixer settings

• 4-band Parametric EQ with sweepable center-frequency from 20 Hz to 20kHz and adjustable bandwidth (Q)

• Extensive EQ library

• Comprehensive dynamics processors on each input channel, tape return, and buss and stereo output:

• Compressor

• Expander

• Gate/Ducking

• Soft and Hard Compander

• Dynamics library

• Fully programmable channel settings: phase and attenuation, delay, pan, routing, meters, EQ, and dynamics

• Channel library

• Two internal stereo effects using proprietary processor chip

• Effects library

• 8 output busses, 8 auxiliary send busses, and main stereo mix buss

• 24 balanced analog inputs (8 channels with either XLR-type or phone connectors)

• Continuously variable gain control

• 20 dB input pad

• 8 XLR-type inputs with 48V phantom power for condenser microphones

• 8 analog insert input/output connections

• 2 analog 2TR IN inputs

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

• 2 analog stereo outputs

• 6 analog auxiliary send outputs

• Stereo studio and control room outputs

• 3 digital 2TR IN inputs

• 2 digital stereo outputs

• Industry standard AES/EBU or IEC958 Part2 (Consumer) digital

• 100 mm motorized faders

• Fader and mute groups for single fader or button control over several

• Adjacent channel pair function for stereo operation on inputs, tape

• Dedicated buttons and controls of the Selected Channel module

• Large 320

• RISC technology CPU

• SMPTE and MTC synchronization plus full MIDI implementation

inputs and outputs

faders or channel ON buttons

returns, and auxiliary channels

240 pixel, FL-backlit, user-friendly graphical display

Options

• Digital I/O cards:

• ADAT (CD8-AT)

• TASCAM (CD8-TDII)

• Yamaha (CD8-Y)

• AES/EBU double slot card (CD8-AE)

• AES/EBU single slot card (CD8-AE-S)

• Cascade Kit (CD8-CS)

• Analog I/O cards

• Analog I/O double slot card (CD8-AD)

• Analog input single slot card (CD8-AD-S)

• Automix 1 MB memory expansion (ME4M)

• Meter bridge (MB02)

• Wooden side panels (W02SP)

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

Key Features

This section looks at some of the key features of the 02R, what they mean to you, and some hints about how you can use them.

Dynamic Automix

One of the most demanding jobs of the recording engineer is taking all the raw material produced during a multitrack recording session and mixing it all together into an artistically satisfying master recording. The ability to setup portions of the mix and then have them playback automatically as you work on other portions is probably the most important feature of the 02R.

It has an on-board automix system that memorizes fader positions, switches individual channels on or off, adjusts the EQ or pan positions, and changes the auxiliary sends—all referenced to timecode. It can also record and execute scene memory changes, also referenced to timecode. This allows you to perform an entire mixing session, and then edit individual channel settings until you have achieved the perfect mix.

The 02R allows you to record a mixdown in real-time and then edit the results, either in real-time or by using one of the event editors. You can select single parameters of the mixer to edit—for example, just enable the faders for one pass as you create your mixdown.

Scene Memories

The 02R has 96 internal scene memories each of which is a snapshot of all the digital settings of the mixer (a mix scene). Each can be named for easy identiﬁcation. They can be stored and later recalled instantly.

If you work on several projects at one time, you can store the current mixer settings in a scene memory so when you return to that project, you can start immediately from where you left off. When you are working on a mixdown, the ability to recall mixer scenes can speed the process and allows for accurate repetition of the various parts of the mix. When you use the 02R for sound reinforcement applications, the ability to recall mix scenes can make light work of night-after-night sound checks.

Storing the mixer settings to a scene memory is a simple matter of pressing the [STORE] button and conﬁrming the request.

Note: You can customize your 02R to perform the storage operation without

conﬁrmation. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more details.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

Recalling the scene is even easier—just press the [RECALL] button. You should be careful that your scene memories ﬂow into each other smoothly. The instant recall means that you can have very abrupt level changes or the unexpected intrusion of a very loud channel.

Note: The 02R allows you to have programmable fades between scene memories.

The only thing you need to watch is the sudden sound of a channel being switched on. Even then, if the original channel level was set to – problems. See “Fade Time” on page 136 of the User’s Guide.

dB, you should have no

∞

Large Graphical Display

The heart of the 02R user interface is the large graphical display located in the center of the console. Using the Display Access controls, you can gain immediate access to the features of the mixer—clearly displayed on the 320

240 pixel, FL-backlit, user-friendly graphical display. Virtual control modules are shown on the display, allowing you to adjust almost any digital parameter anywhere in the system.

As well as displaying parameter values numerically, faders, rotary controls, and push buttons are represented graphically, so you can actually see button status, pan positions, and fader levels.

In addition the EQ curves are displayed graphically as are the dynamics processor parameters.

User Interface

The 02R user interface is powerful but very intuitive. There are two main methods of working with the 02R:

• Use the DISPLAY ACCESS controls to modify one parameter at a time

across the entire recording console.

• Use the SELECTED CHANNEL controls to modify all of the

parameters of the currently selected channel.

The DISPLAY ACCESS controls consist of a block of 24 function buttons divided into three groups—CONFIGURATION, MIXING, and AUX—plus the large backlit graphical display, four cursor buttons, a detented encoder wheel, and the [ENTER] button. There is also a related block of four SCENE MEMORY buttons—to increment, decrement, store, and recall the scene memories.

The SELECTED CHANNEL controls consist of four main blocks of controls—each block was designed to be as familiar as the equivalent controls on a regular analog mixer, but with the power of digital precision and instant recall. The ROUTING block selects the bus onto which to route the current channel signal. The AUX block selects the auxiliary buss to send the channel signal to and sets the send level. The PAN block sets the pan position of the channel signal. The EQ block sets the EQ curve for the

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

current channel. You can customize your 02R to automatically select the corresponding display pages when you adjust a control in these blocks.

Motorized Faders

In addition to the DISPLAY ACCESS and SELECTED CHANNEL controls, each input channel and the stereo master channel utilizes a 100 mm motorized fader. When a scene memory is recalled, the faders position themselves automatically to the levels stored. Fader movements are replayed automatically in synchronization with timecode automix during playback.

The faders allow you to quickly and accurately set the levels for the selected channels. By pressing the [FLIP] button, you can transfer fader control over your tape returns as well. Faders can be grouped into one of four fader groups for control of multiple faders from a single control. (There are also four mute groups which allow you to toggle a group of channels on or off.) You can also control two adjacent channels in stereo with the pair operation using only one fader.

Internal Stereo Effects

The 02R features eight aux sends, two of which are routed to the internal multi-effects stereo processors: Effect 1 and Effect 2. Using the power of Yamaha’s proprietary effects processor chip, the 02R has a startling range of special effects available to apply to your mix. Shimmering reverbs, clean and precise delays, ﬂanging and chorus, and a myriad of other effects are available built right into this mixer. The effects are processed entirely within the digital domain, ensuring the signal quality is the ﬁnest that a digital system can provide.

External effects processors can be patched into the system using the 02R’s analog AUX send outputs, which feature 18-bit linear, 8-times oversampling D/A converters.

Effects can be applied to input channels or the tape return channels, and the auxiliary sends can be conﬁgured pre-fader or post-fader. There are 40 preset effects programs and 88 user effects programs for you to store your own settings.

Dynamics Processors

Dynamics processors are generally used to correct or control signal levels. However, you can also use them creatively to shape the volume envelope of a sound. The 02R features comprehensive dynamics processors for all the input, return, bus, and stereo output channels—a total of 50 processors. These processors allow you to compress, expand, limit, gate, or duck the signals passing through the mixer, giving you unparalleled sonic quality and ﬂexibility.

Similar to the internal stereo effects, the dynamics processors are patched directly into the signal path while the audio data remains in the digital

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

domain. The dynamics program settings are stored in the dynamics library. There are 40 preset programs for you to recall and 88 user programs for you to store your own dynamics programs

Parametric EQ with Library

The 02R contains a high-performance four-band, fully parametric EQ. Each input channel, tape and effect return, and the stereo output channel features an EQ. You can tailor the EQ curve with a high degree of precision, covering the entire dynamic spectrum from 21 Hz to 20.1 kHz. Select the center-frequency (F) and adjust the bandwidth (Q) and the gain (G) until you have achieved the perfect sound.

EQ settings can be stored and recalled using scene memories, and can be adjusted in real-time with the dynamic automix system. The 02R also has an extensive EQ library which allows you to store frequently used EQ settings for instant recall. An EQ program stored in the EQ library is a good starting point and reference when making adjustments to the EQ.

Digital Benefits

You’re probably already familiar with the many beneﬁts of digital audio, but what exactly are the beneﬁts for digital audio mixing?

An audio mixer has the job of combining audio signals from various sources, at differing levels and impedances, usually into a stereo signal. It must do this without introducing any new distortions and noise. Most analog mixers do a pretty good job, but even with the best designs, nonlinear effects caused by circuit components are unavoidable.

In the digital realm, audio mixing consists of adding and multiplying the binary numbers that represent audio signals. The 02R uses a 32-bit DSP (Digital Signal Processor) chip for these calculations, ensuring a very high degree of precision. Once past the analog-to-digital conversion, audio signals are essentially immune from standard signal degradation. With the 02R, noise, distortion, and crosstalk are virtually eliminated. You’ll hear a new clarity in your mixes.

Once in the digital realm, there’s little point converting back to analog. The 02R features stereo digital outputs for direct mixdown to DAT and other digital recorders. It uses the industry standards AES/EBU or IEC958 Part 2 (Consumer) for its digital inputs and outputs. With one of the optional digital I/O cards installed in your 02R, you can record direct-to-digital to your modular digital multitrack recorder.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

02R Sonic Performance

The 02R uses linear 20-bit 64-times oversampling analog-to-digital converters to provide a typical dynamic range of 105 dB. This means that an audio program’s dynamic range, from low to high levels, is processed intact. The 02R samples audio at 44.1 kHz or 48 kHz. It provides a full spectrum frequency response from 20 Hz to 20 kHz, +1, –3 dB.

For digital-to-analog conversion, the 02R features 20-bit 8-times oversampling for its main stereo outputs, including the control room monitor outputs, and 18-bit 8-times oversampling for the studio and aux send outputs. Oversampling and bitstream techniques effectively increase the internal sampling rate, so side effects caused by steep low-pass ﬁlters, which are used to ﬁlter out undesirable sampling frequency components during conversion, are virtually eliminated. Consequently, audio signal integrity is maintained from input through to output.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introduction to the 02R

02R Getting Started Guide

Getting Started

In this chapter...

Basic Assumptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Making the Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Basic Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Power ON/OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Setting the Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Recall Scene Memory 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

02R Getting Started Guide

14 Getting Started

WARNING! Bef

WARNING! The 02R

Basic Assumptions

The 02R was designed to be the perfect digital mixing console for a studio using the current generation of modular digital multitrack tape and disk recorders. Although the 02R can also be used as a sound-reinforcement mixer, the typical user will own a project recording or post-production studio with some form of multitrack recorder. Therefore, your 02R will probably be equipped with one or more of the optional input/output cards. For the purposes of these tutorials, it does not matter if you are working with an analog or digital multitrack.

What You Will Need

To perform the following tutorials, you will need:

• The 02R.

• A sound source: CD player, drum machine, synthesizer/sequencer

with demo song.

• Ampliﬁers and speakers, or headphones.

ore making any connections, make sure that all your equipment is turned OFF.

• A multitrack recorder and a stereo master recorder.

• Audio connecting cables.

Making the Connections

1. Connect your sound source to input channel 1.

If you are using a stereo sound source, connect it to input channel 2 as well. A stereo source is not essential, and for most of the tutorials it will probably be easier to work with just one channel. If your sound source has XLR-type connectors, connect it to the XLR-type connectors on the 02R. Otherwise, use the phone jacks and select INPUT B with the [A/B] switch.

2. Connect the C-R MONITOR OUT connectors to the inputs on your power ampliﬁer.

If you are using headphones, connect them to the PHONES jack.

3. Connect your multitrack recorder to the appropriate optional input/output card.

should be connected only to an AC receptacle of the voltage type marked on its rear panel.

02R Getting Started Guide

You can also connect your stereo master recorder to either the digital or analog STEREO OUT connectors.

4. Plug the 02R into a suitable AC receptacle.

Getting Started 15

Basic Setup

The following illustration shows how to set up a minimal system that will allow you to perform the following tutorials.

Ampliﬁer

Sound Source Multitrack recorder

02R Getting Started Guide

16 Getting Started

Power ON/OFF

This section explains how to power the 02R on and off.

Power ON

It is always important to observe the correct order for powering up equipment in a studio. Always start with the multitrack and mastering recorders and the signal processors, then the 02R, and ﬁnally the monitoring ampliﬁers and other downstream gear.

POWER

ON/ OFF

1. Turn ON the power to the 02R by pressing the POWER switch on the rear panel.

The 02R start-up screen appears for a few seconds, the faders return to their previous positions, then the page that was used when the 02R was last powered off appears.

Power OFF

It is always important to observe the correct order for powering off equipment in a studio. Always start with the monitoring ampliﬁers and other downstream gear, then the 02R, and ﬁnally the multitrack and mastering recorders and the signal processors.

1. Turn OFF the power to the 02R by pressing the POWER switch on the rear panel.

All mix settings, mix scenes, and other data are stored when the 02R is powered off.

Setting the Synchronization

02R Getting Started Guide

Before you use the 02R with a modular digital multitrack recorder or DAT master recorder, be sure to correctly set the synchronization. The 02R must be slaved to an external wordclock in order to process the input digital signals without drop-out or distortion. Refer to the section “Word Clock Select” on page 188 of the User’s Guide.

Look in the chapter “Installing Options” on page 217 of the User’s Guide. There is a section for each of the optional digital I/O cards that the 02R supports. Refer to the appropriate section for the card installed in your 02R.

Getting Started 17

Recall Scene Memory 0

Before you start the tutorials, you should set the 02R to its initial mixer settings.

1. Use the SCENE MEMORY increment or decrement buttons to select scene memory 0 “0 Initial Data”.

2. Press the [RECALL] button.

STORE

SCENE MEMORY

RECALL

This is a read-only scene memory that contains the default settings for the system. The 02R will be reset to its initial settings.

Note: It is best to start at the beginning of each tutorial and work your way through, taking breaks as required. If you deviate too far from the tutorial, or jump into a tutorial halfway through, you may ﬁnd that subsequent tutorial steps do not work as expected. Also note that the tutorials do not explain all 02R functions, nor do they serve as a substitute for the User’s Guide explanations. For full details on all 02R functions, refer to the User’s Guide.

02R Getting Started Guide

18 Getting Started

02R Getting Started Guide

Introductory Recording Tutorial 19

Introductory Recording Tutorial

In this chapter...

Setting the Input Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Applying EQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Using the EQ Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Panning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

02R Getting Started Guide

20 Introductory Recording Tutorial

Setting the Input Level

Assuming that the 02R is powered ON and your music source is playing, the very ﬁrst thing you need to do is set up a basic control room monitor mix. When you recall Scene Memory 0 “0 Initial Data”, all the channel faders are set to the 0 dB mark.

Setting Fader Levels

40 50

∞

60 70

∞

STEREO

If the faders are not set to 0 dB, you should perform the following steps to optimize the input signal level for the best performance:

1. Set the fader for MIC/LINE 1 to the 0 dB mark.

The 0 dB fader position is a good place to start when setting fader levels. It is a good setting with regard to signal level and noise performance and it leaves room for you to raise the level later, if necessary.

2. Set the STEREO fader to the 0 dB mark.

The stereo output meters are indicating the stereo output level. The stereo mix signal is now being output to the digital and analog STEREO OUT connectors.

2TR-D2 2TR-A2

2TR-D3 ST

AUX 5

MONO

CONTROL ROOM

AUX 6

DIM

010

C-R

LEVEL

Selecting a Monitor Source

Before you can hear anything through your monitor ampliﬁer and speakers, you have to select a Control Room source:

1. Press the [ST] button of the CONTROL ROOM buttons group.

This selects the stereo bus for monitoring in the control room.

2. Adjust the volume with the C-R LEVEL control.

You should be able to hear the sound source through your monitor speakers. If you are using stereo headphones, you will need to adjust the PHONES LEVEL control to set a comfortable listening level.

Note: Be very careful with the level settings, especially if you are using stereo headphones. When you are adjusting a unit as complex as the 02R, it is possible for you to inadvertently switch on a very loud signal source. Damaged loudspeakers or ampliﬁers can be very expensive. Damage to your hearing can be much worse. Your ears are for life!

02R Getting Started Guide

Introductory Recording Tutorial 21

Setting the GAIN

1. Use the [METER] button to locate the METER 1/3 page.

METER

20dB

The MIC/LINE 1 signal is metered.

2. If the sound is distorted, the PEAK indicator is illuminated, or the level is going up to CLIP, press the 20 dB (pad) switch to attenuate the input signal for MIC/LINE 1.

You usually need to pad (attenuate) the input signal when you connect a line level device, such as a synthesizer or an effects unit to the channel. If you connect a microphone, you should not need to pad the signal.

+4 -40

GAIN

-16 -60

If you want to use a high impedance device, such as a guitar or bass guitar, you should insert a direct box or effects processor between the guitar and the 02R—or you should mike the guitar ampliﬁer.

Note: The stereo input channels (LINE 17 through 24) accept line level signals only.

3. Use the GAIN control for MIC/LINE 1 to optimize the signal level.

Ideally the level should be set relatively high to obtain the best signal-to-noise performance. It is acceptable for the PEAK indicator to occasionally illuminate but the signal levels should not reach CLIP. If the PEAK indicator illuminates constantly, the signal is overloading the input preampliﬁer and you may be able to hear analog clipping distortion. When CLIP is reached, you will experience digital clipping distortion, which is usually very unpleasant sounding.

02R Getting Started Guide

22 Introductory Recording Tutorial

Back off the GAIN control a little until the PEAK indicator illuminates very occasionally. The GAIN control should be set with some care. If it is set too low, the signal-to-noise performance will suffer, and if it is set too high, signal clipping and distortion may occur.

∅/ATT Display Function

If a lot of EQ boost is applied, the signal level may reach CLIP on the METER page but the PEAK LED may not light up. Instead of lowering the GAIN control, which would reduce A/D converter efﬁciency, you can use the Attenuator function to attenuate the level.

1. Press the [∅/ATT] button.

Ø/ATT

SEL

The ∅/ATT 1/1 page shown below appears.

2. Press the [SEL] button for MIC/LINE 1.

3. Use the encoder wheel to attenuate the signal.

On the ∅/ATT page you can attenuate signals and reverse the phase, all in the digital domain.

Note: You should rarely ﬁnd it necessary to use the ∅/ATT function on an input signal after the gain level has been correctly set, but you may need to attenuate after you apply EQ, effects, or dynamics to the signal.

METER

02R Getting Started Guide

Peak Hold

1. Use the [METER] button to locate the METER 1/3 page.

2. You may ﬁnd the Peak Hold function useful at this point. To turn it on, use the CURSOR buttons to select the PEAK HOLD icon and press [ENTER]. When the Peak Hold function is on, its icon is highlighted.

Introductory Recording Tutorial 23

The peak level is indicated by an empty square box. Peak Hold is very useful for level checking before recording. You can leave a mix to play through unattended while Peak Hold watches out for signal peaks. If any levels reach CLIP, back off the relevant GAIN control or use the ∅/ATT display function to attenuate the signal and run through the mix again.

Note: The Peak Hold function also works on the stereo output meters and controls the optional meter bridge (MB02).

3. To clear the Peak Hold levels, select the PEAK HOLD icon with the CURSOR buttons and press [ENTER].

When you clear the Peak Hold levels, it also clears the peaks from the stereo output meters.

Typically, you will be using more than just one input channel, so you will need to set the input signal level for each channel individually. Since it is relatively easy to set them at this point, take time and care. If you have to adjust them later in the mixing process, you may need to adjust the faders, auxiliary sends, and other levels, as well.

SCENE MEMORY

Edit Indicator

Channel ON/OFF

The channel [ON] buttons are used to turn channels ON or OFF. This function is sometimes called MUTE. When you recall Scene Memory 0 “0 Initial Data”, all the channels are turned ON.

1. Press the channel [ON] button for MIC/LINE 1.

The sound is cut and the LED inset in the [ON] button switches off.

Note: Even though you can no longer hear the sound source, the meter for MIC/LINE 1 continues to be displayed. This is because the meter signal is sourced before the [ON] button.

2. Press the [ON] button again to turn the channel back ON.

The LED inset in the [ON] button illuminates again and you will be able to hear the sound source again.

SCENE MEMORY LED

The 2-digit (7-segment) LED shows the currently selected scene memory. It also contains the Edit Indicator, which will start ﬂashing when you adjust the ﬁrst digital parameter of the current scene memory. See “Scene Memories” on page 62 of the Getting Started Guide.

02R Getting Started Guide

24 Introductory Recording Tutorial

Applying EQ

The next step is to apply EQ to MIC/LINE 1.

Each 02R channel features a four-band fully parametric EQ, with variable bandwidth (Q), frequency (F), and gain (G). The power of the 02R user interface means that there are two ways of adjusting the EQ for MIC/LINE 1.

One method is to use the EQ 1/2 page.

The more convenient method is to use the buttons and controls of the EQUALIZER block of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls.

SEL

HIGH/LPFH-MIDL-MIDLOW/HPF

Hz kHz

EQ ON

EQUALIZER

Note: You can customize your 02R so that when you adjust a control of the EQ block of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls, the EQ 1/2 page automatically appears. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more information. The default setting is to automatically display the EQ page.

The rest of this tutorial describes the operation of the EQ 1/2 page.

Turning the EQ ON/OFF

1. Press the [SEL] button for MIC/LINE 1.

When you press the [SEL] button for a channel, the LED and numeric indicators of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls change to reﬂect the status of the channel you selected.

02R Getting Started Guide

2. Press the [EQ] button.

Introductory Recording Tutorial 25

The EQ 1/2 page appears, showing the EQ curve and settings for MIC/LINE 1.

3. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the EQ ON icon.

If the EQ is ON, the icon will be highlighted. The LED inset in the [EQ ON] button of the SELECTED CHANNEL—EQUALIZER block controls will also be illuminated.

4. To turn the EQ either on or off, press the [ENTER] button or the [EQ ON] button.

The ON icon will change to OFF. The LED inset in the [EQ ON] button will no longer be illuminated.

Turn the EQ on for the remainder of this tutorial.

Setting the Gain

1. Select the gain (G) icon for the LOW band using the CURSOR buttons.

Alternatively, press the [LOW/HPF] button of the SELECTED CHANNEL—EQUALIZER controls.

2. Rotate the encoder wheel clockwise to boost the gain.

Alternatively, you could use the EQUALIZER G control.

02R Getting Started Guide

26 Introductory Recording Tutorial

The gain increases in 0.5 dB steps and the EQ curve on the EQ page changes to reﬂect this.

3. Rotate the encoder wheel counterclockwise to reduce the gain.

The gain decreases in 0.5 dB steps.

Alternatively, you could use the EQUALIZER G control.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the gain (G) icon for the L-MID band and adjust its level with the encoder wheel. Select the other bands as well.

You can also select the EQ bands using the [LOW/HPF], [L-MID], [H-MID], and [HIGH/LPF] buttons of the SELECTED CHANNEL—EQUALIZER controls.

Note: Applying a lot of EQ boost may increase the signal level sufﬁciently to cause distortion. If this does occur, reduce the amount of EQ boost or adjust the attenuation level to compensate (the ATT icon). You can switch back to the METER 1/3 page and select POST EQ to monitor the signal levels.

Note: You can reset the gain of each band to 0.0 dB by double-clicking the corresponding [LOW/HPF], [L-MID], [H-MID], or [HIGH/LPF] buttons of the SELECTED CHANNEL—EQUALIZER controls.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introductory Recording Tutorial 27

Setting the Frequency

1. Select the frequency (F) icon for the LOW band using the CURSOR buttons.

2. Use the encoder wheel to sweep through the frequency range.

Alternatively, you could use the EQUALIZER F control.

All four bands of the 02R parametric EQ cover virtually the entire audio spectrum, from 21 Hz to 20.1 kHz. Although they are labelled LOW, L-MID, H-MID, and HIGH, the frequency of the bands can actually be in any order.

Note: If your 02R is busy processing some complex data, it may take a little time to update the EQ curve. However, the internal EQ circuits reﬂect your adjustments immediately.

Note: As well as the frequency value in Hz displayed under the icon and on the numeric LED in the SELECTED CHANNEL—EQUALIZER controls, the dotted vertical line on the EQ graph indicates the current frequency position.

3. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the frequency (F) icon for the L-MID band and adjust its position with the encoder wheel. Select the other bands and adjust their frequency.

You can also select the EQ bands using the [LOW/HPF], [L-MID], [H-MID], and [HIGH/LPF] buttons of the SELECTED CHANNEL—EQUALIZER controls. Adjust the EQUALIZER F control for each band.

02R Getting Started Guide

28 Introductory Recording Tutorial

Setting the Bandwidth

The L-MID and H-MID bands are peaking type EQs. The LOW and HIGH bands are initially conﬁgured as shelving type EQs, however, they can also be conﬁgured as peaking type EQs. The LOW band can also be conﬁgured as a HPF (high-pass ﬁlter) and the HIGH band as a LPF (low-pass ﬁlter).

1. Select the bandwidth (Q) icon for the LOW band using the CURSOR buttons.

2. Use the encoder wheel to sweep through the bandwidth.

Alternatively, you could use the EQUALIZER Q control.

The LOW band changes from low-shelving to peaking to high-pass ﬁlter as you continue to rotate the encoder wheel.

3. As you rotate the encoder wheel counterclockwise, it effectively increases the Q—narrowing the bandwidth, as shown on the EQ graph.

02R Getting Started Guide

A narrow curve is useful for boosting or cutting speciﬁc frequencies.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the bandwidth (Q) icon for the L-MID band and adjust its position with the encoder wheel. Select and adjust the bandwidth of the other bands.

You can also select the different bands using the [LOW/HPF], [L-MID], [H-MID], and [HIGH/LPF] buttons of the SELECTED CHANNEL—EQUALIZER controls. Adjust the EQUALIZER Q control for each band.

The HIGH band changes from high-shelving to peaking to low-pass ﬁlter as you adjust its value.

Introductory Recording Tutorial 29

Resetting the EQ

1. Press and hold the [LOW/HPF] button and then press the [HIGH/LPF] button of the SELECTED CHANNEL—EQUALIZER controls.

All EQ values will be reset to their initial values.

LOW/HPF L-MID H-MID HIGH/LPF

Q LOW SHELF Peak – 0.7 Peak – 0.7 HIGH SHELF F 125 Hz 1.00 kHz 4.00 kHz 10.0 kHz G 0 dB 0 dB 0 dB 0 dB

02R Getting Started Guide

30 Introductory Recording Tutorial

Using the EQ Library

The EQ Library is used to access and store EQ settings—stored as programs. There are 32 preset programs (1 to 32) for you to recall and 96 user programs (33 to 128 plus UNDO) for you to store your own EQ settings. First you need to know how to recall EQ programs, then how to store your own.

Note: The programs 33 to 40 contain preset programs and are listed in the “EQ Programs” on page 54 of the User’s Guide. However, you can store your own settings to these programs.

Recalling an EQ Program

1. Use the [EQ] button to locate the EQ 2/2 page shown below.

02R Getting Started Guide

The top of the page shows the EQ curve for the selected channel and a level meter for the channel and its adjacent pair.

2. Press the [SEL] button for MIC/LINE 1.

This step is required only if you have selected another channel.

3. Select the RECALL icon with the CURSOR buttons.

In order to scroll through the list of EQ programs, the cursor must be on the STORE, RECALL, CLEAR, COPY, or PASTE icons.

4. Use the encoder wheel to select an EQ program.

As you scroll through the EQ programs, the EQ curve for each program is displayed to the left of the list.

5. Press the [ENTER] button.

Introductory Recording Tutorial 31

The EQ program is recalled. The EQ curve for MIC/LINE 1 is set accordingly. The EQ curve at the top of the display is updated.

Your sound source is modiﬁed by the program you recalled. If the sound doesn’t change, check if you have left the EQ ON switch turned OFF on the EQ 1/2 page. You can also quickly check if the LED inset in the EQ ON button of the SELECTED CHANNEL—EQUALIZER controls is illuminated or not.

6. Use the [EQ] button to locate the EQ 1/2 page.

The EQ 1/2 page shows the updated EQ curve and exact settings of the EQ program recalled.

Undoing a Recall

You can undo EQ program recalls by recalling the “U” EQ program, which contains the previous EQ settings.

1. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the RECALL icon and rotate the encoder wheel until program “U” is highlighted.

2. Press the [ENTER] button.

The previous EQ settings are recalled.

02R Getting Started Guide

32 Introductory Recording Tutorial

Storing an EQ Program

1. Use the [EQ] button to locate the EQ 2/2 page shown below.

2. Select the STORE icon with the CURSOR buttons.

In order to scroll through the list of EQ programs, the cursor must be on the STORE, RECALL, CLEAR, COPY, or PASTE icons.

3. Use the encoder wheel to select an EQ program.

If you select one of the preset programs (1 to 32), an error message appears when you attempt to store your program. Select a program from the 96 user programs (33 to 128). You cannot store your settings to the “U” program either.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the TITLE EDIT box.

02R Getting Started Guide

Introductory Recording Tutorial 33

5. Select the individual character positions with the CURSOR buttons and rotate the encoder wheel to select the characters.

You can create a name of up to 16 characters long. It can contain any of the following characters:

!“#$%&'()*+,-./

0123456789: ;<=>?

@ABCDEFGH I JKLMNO

PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_

`abcdefghi j k lmno

pq r s t uvwxyz{ | }~

You can select the “INS.” icon to insert a space (blank) at the current cursor position. Select the icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button. The “DEL.” icon is used to delete the character at the cursor position.

Note: The “COPY” and “PASTE” icons allow you to select the title from another EQ program and paste it into your program. These icons only copy the title, not the actual EQ settings. See “Icons” on page 55 of the User’s Guide.

6. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the STORE icon and press the [ENTER] button.

The 02R displays a conﬁrmation dialog box asking if you want to store your settings in the selected EQ program. The dialog box has two icons: “CANCEL” and “EXECUTE”.

Note: You can customize your 02R to prevent the dialog box appearing during STORE operations. In this case, the program is stored without conﬁrmation. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more information.

02R Getting Started Guide

34 Introductory Recording Tutorial

CANCEL is the default. To cancel the STORE operation, either press the [ENTER] button or wait about 10 seconds—the STORE operation will be automatically cancelled.

To store your settings, use the CURSOR buttons to select the “EXECUTE” icon and press the [ENTER] button. The EQ program is stored.

Note: If you decide you don’t like an EQ program after you have stored it, it is very easy to overwrite it by creating new settings and storing them to the same location. Conversely, it is also very easy to accidentally overwrite a valued EQ program.

YOU SHOULD ALWAYS BE CAREFUL WHEN THE 02R DISPLAYS A CONFIRMATION DIALOG BOX!

02R Getting Started Guide

Introductory Recording Tutorial 35

Routing

This tutorial assumes you have a multitrack recorder and you have connected it to your 02R—after having one or more of the optional input/output cards installed:

• Alesis ADAT (CD8-AT)—This single slot card supports an 8-channel ADAT compatible modular digital multitrack recorder. It provides eight input channels and eight output channels. You can insert up to four of these cards in the 02R.

• TASCAM TDIF-1 (CD8-TDII)—This single slot card supports an 8-channel TASCAM modular digital multitrack recorder. It provides eight input channels and eight output channels. You can insert up to four of these cards in the 02R.

• YAMAHA (CD8-Y)—This single slot card supports an 8-channel YAMAHA modular digital multitrack recorder. It provides eight input channels and eight output channels. You can insert up to four of these cards in the 02R.

• AES/EBU (CD8-AE double slot card, CD8-AE-S single slot card)—These cards support an 8-channel AES/EBU compatible modular digital multitrack recorder (such as the Akai DD1500 series). They provide eight input channels and eight output channels.

• Analog AD/DA (CD8-AD)—This double slot card supports any 8-channel analog multitrack recorder. It provides eight input channels and eight output channels. You can insert only two of these cards in the 02R.

The 02R allows you to route the ﬁrst 16 MIC/LINE channels directly to an output. If you have the correct conﬁguration, this means you can send direct outputs to a 16-track recorder (for example, two paired ADAT compatible modular digital multitrack recorders).

You can route any channel to one of the eight output buses. The buses feed to each of the four 8-track I/O slots in the back of the 02R. You can also route any channel to the stereo bus.

When you recall Scene Memory 0 “0 Initial Data”, all the channels are routed to the stereo bus.

02R Getting Started Guide

36 Introductory Recording Tutorial

Using the ROUTING Display Function

There are two ways to operate the Routing function.

One method is to use the ROUTING 1/2 page.

The more convenient method is to use the buttons of the ROUTING block of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls.

DIRECTST

ROUTING

Note: You can customize the 02R so that when you press a button in the ROUTING block of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls, the ROUTING 1/2 page automatically appears. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more information.

02R Getting Started Guide

ROUTING

Introductory Recording Tutorial 37

Selecting the Routing

1. Use the [ROUTING] button to locate the ROUTING 1/2 page shown below.

2. Use the ROUTING buttons of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls to route the MIC/LINE 1 channel.

As you press the ROUTING buttons, the LED inset in the button illuminates and the corresponding icon on the ROUTING page appears highlighted.

You can also operate the routing using the CURSOR buttons to move to the desired routing icon and pressing the [ENTER] button.

Note: When you select a route, the signal from the channel will be routed to the selected bus. The output from that bus will appear at the corresponding outputs of all the I/O cards installed in the 02R. The only exception is when you are using I/O cards in slots 1 and 2 for direct output. See “Routing” on page 39 of the User’s Guide for further details.

02R Getting Started Guide

38 Introductory Recording Tutorial

Panning

There are two ways to use the Pan function.

One method is to use the PAN 1/1 page.

The more convenient method is to use the buttons and controls of the PAN block of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls.

PAN

R/EVENL/ODD

PAN

ODD

EVEN

Note: You can customize your 02R so that when you adjust a control of the PAN block of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls, the PAN 1/1 page automatically appears. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more information.

Adjusting the Pan

1. Press the [PAN] button.

The PAN 1/1 page shown below appears.

02R Getting Started Guide

2. Press the [SEL] button for MIC/LINE 1 and rotate the PAN control.

The LED inset in the [L/ODD] button will be illuminated. The current pan position is indicated on the adjacent LED bargraph. As an alternative, you can use the CURSOR buttons to select the PAN icon for MIC/LINE 1 and rotate the encoder wheel.

You can adjust the pan position from extreme right/even (R16) through the center (C) to extreme left/odd (L16). There are 33 pan positions to choose from.

Introductory Recording Tutorial 39

Ganging Pans

You can gang the pan controls of two adjacent channels for simultaneous pan adjustment

1. Press the [SEL] button for MIC/LINE 1.

You can also select the MIC/LINE 1 icon using the CURSOR buttons.

2. Press the [ENTER] button to connect the channels together.

You can also gang channels together by simultaneously pressing the [L/ODD] and [R/EVEN] buttons of the PAN block of the SELECTED CHANNEL group.

Ganged pan is indicated by a pair of dotted lines between the pan controls, as shown below.

When you adjust one channel, the ganged channel also moves by a corresponding amount. For further details, see “Pan Gang” on page 37 of the User’s Guide.

02R Getting Started Guide

40 Introductory Recording Tutorial

02R Getting Started Guide

Secondary Recording Tutorial 41

Secondary Recording Tutorial

In this chapter...

Aux Sends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Setting the Aux Send Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Creating a Monitor Mix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Applying Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Recalling and Editing Effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Patching in a Dynamics Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Using the Dynamics Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Scene Memories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

02R Getting Started Guide

42 Secondary Recording Tutorial

Aux Sends

The 02R has eight aux sends.

AUX 7 and AUX 8 are used to feed the internal effects processors, with the signal remaining entirely in the digital domain.

The other auxiliary sends—AUX 1 through AUX 6—can be used to feed external signal processors and effects units, foldback ampliﬁers, or multitrack recording equipment. AUX 5 and AUX 6 can also be used to construct a monitor mix, and routed directly to either the studio or control room monitors. When a send is used to feed an external effects processor, the processed signal can be returned via one of the stereo input channels or an unused input channel.

There are two different ways to access the auxiliary send channels:

DISPLAY ACCESS—AUX buttons

AUX 1 AUX 2 AUX 3 AUX 4

AUX 7

AUX 5 AUX 6

AUX

EFF1

AUX 8

EFF2

• The [AUX 1] to [AUX 6] buttons access the AUX 1 to 6 pages, which display the aux send level controls and pre/post icons.

• The [AUX 7] and [AUX 8] buttons access the AUX 7 and 8 pages, which are used with the internal effects processors: Effect 1 and Effect 2.

AUX 1

AUX 3

AUX 5

AUX 7

EFF1

SEND LEVEL

AUX

AUX 2

AUX 4

AUX 6

AUX 8

EFF2

When an AUX button is pressed, the faders and rotary encoders control aux send levels, not channel levels.

SELECTED CHANNEL—AUX controls

These buttons and controls set the aux send levels for the selected channel.

• The [AUX 1] to [AUX 8] buttons allow you to select the aux buses you want to send the selected channel signal to.

• The SEND LEVEL rotary encoder is used to set the level—indicated by the adjacent LED bargraph.

• The [ON] button is used to turn the send on or off.

02R Getting Started Guide

Secondary Recording Tutorial 43

Setting the Aux Send Level

In this tutorial, MIC/LINE 1 channel is sent to AUX 1.

1. Press the [AUX 1] button.

FADER STATUS

INPUT

AUX

1234 5678

AUX 1

The AUX 1 1/1 page shown below appears.

The faders change from channel level controls to aux send level controls. To indicate the change, the AUX LED of the FADER STATUS indicator illuminates. The number indicator corresponding to the current AUX button (in this case, AUX 1) is also illuminated. The faders automatically move from their channel level positions to the aux send level positions.

Note: Avoid blocking the fader movements when the faders move to their aux send positions by placing objects on the 02R. It is possible to damage the faders.

Although the faders have moved to the auxiliary send level positions, the 02R remembers the channel signal levels.

2. Select MIC/LINE 1 using the [SEL] buttons or the CURSOR buttons.

Turn the aux send on by pressing the [AUX 1] button and then the [ON] button in the AUX group of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls. The default is for the send to be ON, therefore this step is not usually required.

Note: In order to change the aux send status from on to off, you must ﬁrst select the send channel with the corresponding button of the SELECTED CHANNEL—AUX controls

3. To change the aux send from post to pre fader, press the [ENTER] button.

The PRE icon becomes the POST icon and is highlighted when the signal is pre-fader.

02R Getting Started Guide

44 Secondary Recording Tutorial

4. To change the signal level, adjust the fader for MIC/LINE 1 until the desired value is obtained.

You can use the rotary encoders for the tape returns or press the [FLIP] button. Then the tape return channels can be operated by the faders. The effect returns can only be adjusted with the rotary encoders.

You can also use the SEND LEVEL encoder in the AUX group of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls. You must press the corresponding [AUX 1] button to make certain you are adjusting the signal level for the correct aux send.

SEND LEVEL

Note: In order to adjust the aux send level with the SEND LEVEL encoder, you must ﬁrst select the send channel with the corresponding button of the SELECTED CHANNEL—AUX controls

02R Getting Started Guide

C-R

AUX 5STAUX 6

STUDIO

Secondary Recording Tutorial 45

Creating a Monitor Mix

The 02R has two different monitoring outputs—the control room outputs and the studio outputs—plus, of course, the PHONES output (which is a duplicate of the control room output).

During a multitrack recording session, what you want to listen to in the control room is often very different from what the musicians need in the studio. For example, while recording a rhythm section, the bass player and the drummer may want to hear the kick drum at a much higher volume than you need in the control room.

2TR-D1 2TR-A1

2TR-D2 2TR-A2

2TR-D3 ST

AUX 5

MONO

CONTROL ROOM

AUX 6

DIM

To cater to this requirement, the 02R allows you to create a mono monitor mix using either AUX 5 or AUX 6 or a stereo mix using both AUX 5 and AUX 6.

Monitor Mix Process

The process for creating the monitor mix is similar to the steps detailed in “Setting the Aux Send Level” on page 43 of the Getting Started Guide

1. Press the [AUX 5] button.

2. Select MIC/LINE 1 using the [SEL] buttons or the CURSOR buttons.

Turn the aux send on by pressing the [AUX 5] button and then the [ON] button in the AUX group of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls.

You should leave the send pre-fader. This will allow the musicians to continue to hear each other independently of anything you may be doing in the control room.

3. Press the [AUX 5] button of the STUDIO buttons group.

You should also press the [AUX 5] button of the CONTROL ROOM buttons group so you can hear the results of adjusting the levels.

4. Adjust the fader for MIC/LINE 1 until the desired signal level is obtained.

Use the Talkback system to check with your musicians, to see if they are content with the signal levels you have set. When you ﬁnish setting the studio monitor levels, press the [ST] button of the CONTROL ROOM buttons group for monitoring in the control room.

02R Getting Started Guide

46 Secondary Recording Tutorial

Applying Effects

The 02R features two internal multi-effects stereo processors: Effect 1 and Effect 2. These are fed by AUX 7 and AUX 8, and the processed signals are returned via EFF 1 RTN and EFF 2 RTN, respectively. When you use the internal effects, the signal gets processed without ever leaving the digital domain.

Effects can be applied to input channels or the tape return channels. Effects are organized into programs. There are 40 preset effects programs (1 through 40) and 88 user effects programs (41 through 128 plus an UNDO buffer) for you to store your own settings.

Setting the Send Levels

The process for applying effects is similar to the steps as detailed in “Setting the Aux Send Level” on page 43 of the Getting Started Guide. The following example shows applying effects to MIC/LINE 1 using AUX 7.

1. Use the [AUX 7] button to locate the AUX 7 1/3 page shown

AUX 7

EFF1

below.

02R Getting Started Guide

The faders automatically move from the channel level positions to the aux send level positions. Even though the fader has changed positions, the 02R remembers the channel signal levels.

Note: Avoid blocking the fader movements when the faders move to their aux send positions by placing objects on the 02R. It is possible to damage the faders.

2. Select MIC/LINE 1 using the [SEL] buttons or the CURSOR buttons.

Turn the aux send on by pressing the [AUX 7] button and then the [ON] button in the AUX group of the SELECTED CHANNEL controls.

3. Press the [ENTER] button to change the aux send from pre to post fader.

VIEW

Secondary Recording Tutorial 47

Sends to the effects are usually post fader. This means the signal level feed into the effects processor follows the “dry” channel level.

4. Adjust the fader for MIC/LINE 1 until the desired signal level is obtained.

Adjusting the Effect Return

The effect return channel is similar to one of the input channels except that it has no analog input, and therefore no gain or input pad need to be applied. Otherwise the steps are similar to those starting with “Setting the GAIN” on page 21 of the Getting Started Guide.

The easiest way of applying all the required adjustments is to select the View 1/2 page. This allows you to see all the parameters of the channel on one page, while you can still use the dedicated buttons and controls of the SELECTED CHANNEL group.

1. Use the [VIEW] button to locate the VIEW 1/2 page shown below, and press the [SEL] button for EFF 1 RTN.

2. If the sound is distorted or the level is constantly going up to CLIP, use the CURSOR buttons to select the ∅/ATT icon. Adjust the level with the encoder wheel.

Note: In many cases, clipping in the effect return channel is caused by the send level being too high. You may need to adjust the send levels as well as the attenuation if you experience clipping.

3. Select the PAN icon with the CURSOR buttons and set the pan position using the encoder wheel.

Note: Setting the pan position, routing, and EQ can all be done quickly and easily with the dedicated controls of the SELECTED CHANNEL block.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the ROUTING icons. Press the [ENTER] button to select routes for the effect return signal.

02R Getting Started Guide

48 Secondary Recording Tutorial

By default (assuming you are still working with Scene Memory 0 “0 Initial Data”) the effect return channel is routed to the stereo bus.

Note: Although you cannot route the effect return channel to the direct outputs, you can route it to the same bus that the input channel is routed to, allowing you to record the effect together with the input signal.

Many engineers prefer to add effects only during the ﬁnal mix. It is very easy to apply effects, but difﬁcult to remove it once it has been recorded. You may want to send the effect to the monitor mix, however, especially when recording a vocalist—many vocalists dislike hearing their voice “dry” in the monitors.

5. Select the EQ graph with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button.

The 02R will automatically switch to the EQ 1/2 page. Follow the steps detailed in “Applying EQ” on page 24 of the Getting Started Guide to set the EQ for the effect return channel EFF 1 RTN.

Note: Many engineers prefer to hold off applying EQ to a recording until they are ready to mixdown. Again, it is much easier to apply EQ than to subsequently remove it.

02R Getting Started Guide

AUX 7

EFF1

Secondary Recording Tutorial 49

Recalling and Editing Effects

Once you have applied effects to MIC/LINE 1, you need to know how to recall effects programs from the effects library and to adjust their parameters in order to create your own effect programs.

Recalling Effects Programs

1. Use the [AUX 7] button to locate the AUX 7 2/3 page shown below.

The parameters of the currently selected effects program are displayed on this page. You will see the library (LIB) icon, an effects curve or icon (depending on the selected effect), and a level meter for the effects return stereo pair, as well as icons for adjusting the parameters.

2. Use the [AUX 7] button to locate the AUX 7 3/3 page shown below.

Alternatively, you could select the LIB icon and press the [ENTER] button to go to the AUX 7 3/3 page.

02R Getting Started Guide

50 Secondary Recording Tutorial

3. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the RECALL icon. Rotate the encoder wheel to select an effects program.

The 02R will scroll through the available effects programs. The program that is highlighted is the program that will be recalled when you press the [ENTER] button.

4. Press the [ENTER] button.

The effects program is recalled.

If you attempt to recall a user program that is empty, the 02R displays an error message, indicating that the selected memory location is not available for recall.

Editing Effects

You can edit the preset effects programs and then store them as user effects programs. The 02R has 40 preset programs (1 through 40). Some are simple variations of a basic effect, for example, different types of reverb and delay (echo) are available.

Select the preset effects program that is closest to the effect you are trying to achieve and edit its parameters.

1. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the LIB icon and press the [ENTER] button.

The AUX 7 2/3 page appears.

You can also press the [AUX 7] button to get to this page. This button allows you to access the aux send levels, the effects editing, and the effects library pages.

02R Getting Started Guide

Secondary Recording Tutorial 51

2. Select the various parameters with the CURSOR buttons, and adjust the value with the encoder wheel.

As you adjust the parameters, you should listen carefully to the results. Some of the parameters of some of the effects are very subtle in their effect, others are quite obvious.

After you have modiﬁed the effects program to your satisfaction, you are ready to store it.

Storing a User Effect

The 02R has 88 user effects program locations (41 through 128) for you to store your own settings. You can store your effects program in the Effect Library, or you can just rely on the 02R scene memory to recall your settings. The following instructions show you how to store your program in the library.

1. Select the LIB icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button.

The AUX 7 3/3 page appears.

02R Getting Started Guide

52 Secondary Recording Tutorial

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the TITLE EDIT box, as shown below.

3. Select the individual character positions with the CURSOR buttons. Use the encoder wheel to select the characters.

You can create a name of up to 16 characters long. It can contain any of the following characters:

!“#$%&'()*+,-./

0123456789: ;<=>?

@ABCDEFGH I JKLMNO

PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_

`abcdefghi j k lmno

pq r s t uvwxyz{ | }~

02R Getting Started Guide

Secondary Recording Tutorial 53

You can select the “INS.” icon to insert a space (blank) at the cursor position in the TITLE EDIT box. Select the icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button. The “DEL.” icon is used to delete the character at the cursor position.

Note: The “COPY” and “PASTE” icons allow you to select the title from another effects program and paste it into your program for subsequent editing. These icons only copy the title, not the effects settings. See “Icons” on page 110 of the User’s Guide.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the STORE icon. Rotate the encoder wheel to select an effects program.

If you select one of the preset programs (1 to 40), the message “Preset is read only!” appears when you attempt to store your program. Select a program from the 88 user programs (41 to 128).

You cannot store your settings to program “U” (the UNDO buffer) either.

5. Press the [ENTER] button.

The 02R displays a conﬁrmation dialog box asking if you want to store your settings in the selected effects program. The dialog box has two icons: “CANCEL” and “EXECUTE”.

Note: You can customize your 02R to prevent the dialog box appearing during STORE operations. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more information.

CANCEL is the default. To cancel the STORE operation, either press the [ENTER] button or wait about 10 seconds—the STORE operation will be automatically cancelled.

To store your settings, use the CURSOR buttons to select the “EXECUTE” icon and press the [ENTER] button. The effects program is stored.

Note: If you decide you do not like an effects program after you have stored it, it is very easy to overwrite it by creating new settings and storing them to the same location. Conversely, it is also very easy to accidentally overwrite a valued effects program.

YOU SHOULD ALWAYS BE CAREFUL WHEN THE 02R DISPLAYS A CONFIRMATION DIALOG BOX!

02R Getting Started Guide

54 Secondary Recording Tutorial

Patching in a Dynamics Processor

The 02R features comprehensive dynamics processors for all the channel inputs, tape returns, and stereo and bus outputs. These processors allow you to compress, expand, compress/expand (compand), gate, or duck the signals passing through the mixer.

The dynamics processors are generally used to correct or control signal levels, giving you unparalleled sonic quality and ﬂexibility. You can also use them creatively to shape the volume envelope of a sound.

Compressor

A compressor provides a form of automatic level control. It attenuates high levels, thus effectively reducing the dynamic range, making it much easier to control signals and set appropriate fader levels. Reducing the dynamic range also means that recording levels can be set higher, thereby improving the signal-to-noise performance.

Limiting is an extreme form of compression, where the output signal is sharply attenuated so that it cannot exceed a particular level.

Expander

An expander is another form of automatic level control. By attenuating the signal below the threshold, the expander reduces low-level noise or expands the dynamic range of the recorded material.

Compander

A compander is a compressor/expander—a combination of signal compression and expansion. The compander attenuates the input signal above the threshold as well as the level below the width. For very dynamic material, this program allows you to retain the dynamic range without having to be concerned with excessive output signal levels and clipping.

Gate and Ducking

A gate, or noise gate is an audio switch used to mute signals below a set threshold level. It can be used to suppress background noise and hiss from valve (tube) amps, effects pedals, and microphones.

Ducking is used to automatically reduce signal levels when the level of a source signal exceeds a speciﬁed threshold. It is used for voice-over applications where, for example, the level of background music is automatically reduced, allowing an announcer to be heard clearly.

02R Getting Started Guide

DYNAMICS

Secondary Recording Tutorial 55

Compressing the Stereo Output

You can apply dynamics to the input channels, for example, the channel you have used throughout these tutorials—MIC/LINE 1. The selection of dynamics program would depend on the input material: a gate for a noisy guitar amp, a compressor for an unpredictable vocalist, and so on.

In this case, apply a compressor to the stereo bus to add punch to the output signal. You can hear the effect by monitoring the stereo bus with the control room buttons.

1. Use the [DYNAMICS] button to locate the DYNAMICS 1/2 page shown below.

2. Press the [SEL] button for STEREO.

Note: If one of the icons B1 through B8 in the KEY IN section of the display is highlighted, it means the corresponding output bus is selected. To select the stereo bus, move the cursor to the STEREO icon using the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button.

By default (assuming you are still working with Scene Memory 0 “0 Initial Data”) the dynamics processor is set to a compression program with all parameters set to the default value as shown in the table below:

Threshold 0 dB Knee hard Ratio 1:1 Attack 0 ms Out Gain 0 dB Release 5 ms *1

*1 This value is obtained when the sampling frequency is 48 kHz.

The processor is OFF.

02R Getting Started Guide

56 Secondary Recording Tutorial

3. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the DYNAMICS OFF icon and press the [ENTER] button to turn the processor on.

The icon is highlighted with the text changed to ON. Being able to easily turn the dynamics processor on and off allows you to perform quick A-B listening tests.

4. Select the KEY IN parameter with the CURSOR buttons. Rotate the encoder wheel or press the [ENTER] button to select the trigger source for the processor.

By default, the STEREO channel is triggered by itself, pre-EQ (SELF – PRE-EQ). You can select post-EQ or the signal on the aux buses, AUX 1 or AUX 2.

Note: As you change the KEY IN parameter, the icons in the KEY IN block on the display also change.

You should select either SELF – PRE-EQ or SELF – POST-EQ.

5. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the compressor parameters.

6. Adjust the value of each parameter by rotating the encoder wheel.

To compress the stereo output signal, try settings similar to those in the following table:

Threshold –10 dB Knee 2 Ratio 2:1 Attack 60 ms Out Gain 0 dB Release 1.02 sec *1

*1 This value is obtained when the sampling frequency is 44.1 kHz or 48 kHz.

The above settings provide a 2:1 compression above –10 dB. This means for every 1 dB change in input signal level above –10 dB there will be a 0.5 dB change in the output level. You can increase the output level without as much risk of clipping. The overall effect is the output signal sounds louder, essentially because you have limited—or compressed—the dynamic range.

Experiment with the settings until you get an effect that you like.

02R Getting Started Guide

DYNAMICS

Secondary Recording Tutorial 57

Using the Dynamics Library

Once you have applied a dynamics processor to the stereo bus, you need to know how to recall dynamics programs from the library and to adjust the parameters to create your own dynamics programs.

Recalling Dynamics Programs

1. Use the [DYNAMICS] button to locate the DYNAMICS 2/2 page shown below.

Alternatively, you could use the LIB icon on the DYNAMICS 1/2 page to go to the DYNAMICS 2/2 page.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the RECALL icon. Rotate the encoder wheel to select a dynamics program.

The 02R will scroll through the available dynamics programs. The program that is highlighted is the program that will be recalled when you press the [ENTER] button.

3. Press the [ENTER] button.

The dynamics program is recalled.

If you attempt to recall a user program that is empty, the 02R displays an error message, indicating that the selected memory location is not available for recall.

Note: Unlike EQ and effects, it is sometimes necessary to apply a dynamics processor to an input signal as you are recording multitrack sources. Some signals are too unpredictable or noisy to record without some form of compression or gating. However, you should be very selective about the dynamics you apply, as the same rule holds: it is easy to add the effect, but very difﬁcult to remove it afterwards.

02R Getting Started Guide

58 Secondary Recording Tutorial

Editing Dynamics Programs

You can edit the preset dynamics programs and then store them as user programs. The 02R has 40 preset programs (1 through 40). Each program is a variation on the six basic dynamics processors available:

• Compressor (CMP)

• Gate (GAT)

• Expander (EXP)

• Compander – Hard (CPH)

• Compander – Soft (CPS)

• Ducking (DUK)

Select the preset dynamics program that is closest to the effect you are trying to achieve and edit its parameters. For a list of the preset programs, see “Preset Dynamics Programs” on page 76 of the User’s Guide.

Note: The program name of each preset dynamics program contains a three letter code indicating the type of dynamics processor it is.

1. Use the [DYNAMICS] button to locate the DYNAMICS 1/2 page shown below.

Alternatively, you could use the LIB icon on the DYNAMICS 2/2 page to go to the DYNAMICS 1/2 page.

2. Select the various parameters with the CURSOR buttons, and adjust the values with the encoder wheel.

After you have modiﬁed the dynamics program to your satisfaction, you are ready to store it.

02R Getting Started Guide

Secondary Recording Tutorial 59

Storing a User Dynamics Program

The 02R has 88 user dynamics program locations (41 through 128) for you to store your own settings. You can store your dynamics program in the Dynamics Library, or you can just rely on the 02R scene memory to recall your settings. The following instructions show you how to store your program in the library.

1. Use the [DYNAMICS] button to locate the DYNAMICS 2/2 page shown below.

Alternatively, you could use the LIB icon on the DYNAMICS 1/2 page to go to the DYNAMICS 2/2 page.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the TITLE EDIT box.

3. Select the individual character positions with the CURSOR buttons. Use the encoder wheel to select the characters.

You can create a name of up to 16 characters long. It can contain any of the following characters:

!“#$%&'()*+,-./

0123456789: ;<=>?

@ABCDEFGH I JKLMNO

PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_

`abcdefghi j k lmno

pq r s t uvwxyz{ | }~

02R Getting Started Guide

60 Secondary Recording Tutorial

You can select the “INS.” icon to insert a space (blank) at the current cursor position in the TITLE EDIT box. Select the icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button. The “DEL.” icon is used to delete the character at the cursor position.

Note: The “COPY” and “PASTE” icons allow you to select the title from another dynamics program and paste it into your program for subsequent editing. These icons only copy the title, not the dynamics settings. See “Icons” on page 88 of the User’s Guide.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the STORE icon. Rotate the encoder wheel to select a dynamics program.

If you select one of the preset programs (1 to 40), the message “Preset is read only!”, appears when you attempt to store your program. Select a program from the 88 user programs (41 to 128). You cannot store your settings to program “U” (the UNDO buffer) either.

5. Press the [ENTER] button.

The 02R will display a conﬁrmation dialog box asking if you want to store your settings in the selected dynamics program. The dialog box has two icons: “CANCEL” and “EXECUTE”.

Note: You can customize your 02R to prevent the conﬁrmation dialog box appearing during STORE operations. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more information.

02R Getting Started Guide

Secondary Recording Tutorial 61

CANCEL is the default. To cancel the STORE operation, either press the [ENTER] button or wait about 10 seconds—the STORE operation will be automatically cancelled.

To store your settings, use the CURSOR buttons to select the “EXECUTE” icon and press the [ENTER] button. The dynamics program is stored.

Note: If you decide you do not like a dynamics program after you have stored it, it is very easy to overwrite it by creating new settings and storing them to the same location. Conversely, it is also very easy to accidentally overwrite a valued dynamics program.

YOU SHOULD ALWAYS BE CAREFUL WHEN THE 02R DISPLAYS A CONFIRMATION DIALOG BOX!

02R Getting Started Guide

62 Secondary Recording Tutorial

Scene Memories

The 02R scene memories are a snapshot of all the digital parameters of the mixer. The 02R has 96 mix scene memory locations. Each can be named for easy identiﬁcation.

There are two special scene memories. “0 Initial Data” is a read-only scene memory that resets the 02R to its default settings. The other is an undo buffer entitled “U”. Recalling the undo buffer restores the last state of the 02R.

Scene memories can be stored and recalled using the [STORE] and [RECALL] buttons. Scene memories are selected using the SCENE

STORE

SCENE MEMORY

RECALL

MEMORY increment or decrement buttons.

They can also be recalled using automix or by using MIDI Program Changes from a computer, MIDI sequencer, or MIDI footswitch. You can save scene memories to a MIDI data ﬁler.

Storing a Scene Memory

SCENE MEMORY

When you store a scene memory, you should check that all the mixer settings in the Edit Buffer are correct. Some settings may have been adjusted accidentally, or by someone else. If you are not sure about the exact contents of the mixer and do not want to laboriously check each setting, recall the initial mixer settings (Scene Memory 0 “0 Initial Data”), make the adjustments that you really want, and then store.

Note: You may want to store the current mix settings to an unused scene memory, just in case.

1. Use the SCENE MEMORY increment or decrement buttons to select a scene memory.

You cannot store your settings to either of the special scene memories: “U” (the UNDO buffer) or “0 Initial Data”. If you select these scene memories, an error message appears when you attempt to store your scene memory.

When you select a new scene memory, the number displayed in the SCENE MEMORY LED indicator ﬂashes.

2. Press the [STORE] button.

The 02R displays a conﬁrmation dialog box asking if you want to store your settings in the selected scene memory. The dialog box has two icons: “CANCEL” and “EXECUTE”.

02R Getting Started Guide

Note: You can customize your 02R to prevent the conﬁrmation dialog box appearing during STORE operations. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more information.

Secondary Recording Tutorial 63

CANCEL is the default. To cancel the STORE operation, either press the [ENTER] button or wait about 10 seconds—the STORE operation will be automatically cancelled.

To store your settings, use the CURSOR buttons to select the “EXECUTE” icon and press the [ENTER] button.

The scene memory is stored.

Note: If you decide you do not like a scene memory after you have stored it, it is very easy to overwrite it by adjusting the mixer settings and storing them to the same location. Conversely, it is also very easy to accidentally overwrite a valued scene memory. The 02R has a “Memory Protect” feature to help prevent this, but this feature can interfere with your work, plus it is very easy to turn off the protection. See “Protecting Scene Memories” on page 134 of the User’s Guide

YOU SHOULD ALWAYS BE CAREFUL WHEN THE 02R DISPLAYS A CONFIRMATION DIALOG BOX!

Naming a Scene Memory

SCENE

MEMORY

Scene memories can be named before being stored or after. In the latter case, you must ﬁrst recall the scene memory, name it, and then store it. In this tutorial, a scene memory that has already been stored is named.

1. Use the [SCENE MEMORY] button to locate the SCENE 1/5 page shown below.

2. Use the SCENE MEMORY increment or decrement buttons, or encoder wheel, to select the scene memory.

When you select a different scene memory, the number displayed in the SCENE MEMORY LED indicator ﬂashes.

3. Press the [RECALL] button to recall the scene memory.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the TITLE EDIT box.

02R Getting Started Guide

64 Secondary Recording Tutorial

5. Select the individual character positions with the CURSOR buttons. Use the encoder wheel to select the characters.

You can create a name of up to 16 characters long. It can contain any of the following characters:

!“#$%&'()*+,-./

0123456789: ;<=>?

@ABCDEFGH I JKLMNO

PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_

`abcdefghi j k lmno

pq r s t uvwxyz{ | }~

02R Getting Started Guide

You can select the “INSERT” icon to insert a space (blank) at the cursor position in the title edit box. Select the icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button. The “DELETE” icon is used to delete the character at the cursor position.

Note: The “COPY” and “PASTE” icons allow you to copy the title from another scene memory and paste it into the title edit box for subsequent editing. If you use the Copy function, be sure to select the scene memory whose name you are editing before storing. Otherwise, you’ll overwrite the scene whose name you copied.

6. Press the [STORE] button.

If you respond to the conﬁrmation dialog box by selecting “EXECUTE” and pressing the [ENTER] button, the scene memory is stored with its new name.

STORE

SCENE MEMORY

Secondary Recording Tutorial 65

Recalling a Scene Memory

Scene memories are recalled using the [RECALL] button. They can also be recalled using the automix or by using MIDI Program Change Messages.

1. Use the SCENE MEMORY increment or decrement buttons to select the desired scene memory.

RECALL

When you select a different scene memory, the number displayed in the SCENE MEMORY LED indicator ﬂashes.

2. Press the [RECALL] button.

The selected scene memory is recalled.

Note: When recalling mix scenes, be aware that volume levels may change suddenly as channels are switched ON and faders moved. The 02R has a feature that allows you to fade the levels as a scene memory is loaded, but it cannot compensate for the sudden burst of a channel suddenly being switched on. See “Fade Time” on page 136 of the User’s Guide for further information.

When the scene memory is recalled, the number displayed in the SCENE MEMORY LED indicator stops ﬂashing.

If you attempt to recall a scene memory that is empty, the 02R displays an error message, indicating that the selected memory location is not available for recall.

02R Getting Started Guide

66 Secondary Recording Tutorial

02R Getting Started Guide

Mixing and Automix 67

Mixing and Automix

In this chapter...

What is 02R Automix?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Real-time Automix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Editing Automix Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Off-line Automix Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Using the Automix Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

02R Getting Started Guide

68 Mixing and Automix

What is 02R Automix?

There are three basic steps to making a multitrack recording:

• Setup and initial tracks

• Overdubbing

• Mixdown

Each step is vital in order to produce a satisfactory recording, but the most difﬁcult one for most engineers is the mixdown. The musicians have ﬁnished their work. They have played their instruments and sung their vocals. All that raw material is stored on your multitrack recorder, waiting to be turned into a perfect ﬁnal mix.

To assist you with this difﬁcult task, the 02R has a fully-featured on-board automix system. It memorizes fader position changes, switches individual channels on or off, adjusts the EQ or pan positions, and changes the auxiliary sends—all based on timecode. It can also recall scene memories and programs from the EQ library, effects library, dynamics library, and channel library.

This allows you to record an entire mixing session, and then edit the individual channel settings in multiple passes until you have achieved perfection. You can punch-in to ﬁne tune a speciﬁc parameter or you can use one of the event editors to adjust the timecode position of a channel setting or scene change. You can easily create a mix that would be virtually impossible to achieve on a standard analog mixer.

Automix Memory

02R Getting Started Guide

The 02R has a current automix buffer and 16 automix memories. There is also an undo buffer. Only the current mix can be played back and recorded. You can store the current mix in any of the 16 automix memories.

Mixing and Automix 69

Real-time Automix

These tutorials have assumed you are using your 02R with one or more of the optional I/O cards installed and a multitrack recorder connected. In this section, you will be synchronizing your multitrack recorder to the 02R. There are three basic ways of doing this:

• If your multitrack recorder is equipped with a SMPTE timecode output connector, you use an audio cable to connect it to the SMPTE TIME CODE INPUT jack on the rear panel of the 02R.

• Use an external SMPTE timecode generator if your multitrack recorder cannot output SMPTE time. You need to record timecode onto one of the tracks of your multitrack recorder and connect the output from that track directly to the SMPTE TIME CODE INPUT jack on the rear panel of the 02R.

• Use a MIDI sequencer to send MTC (MIDI timecode) or MIDI Clocks to the 02R as well as your multitrack recorder. Connect a MIDI cable to the MTC TIME CODE INPUT jack on the rear panel of the 02R.

There is an additional option—you can automate the 02R using its internal timecode generator. However, you cannot synchronize with an external device as the 02R has no timecode output connectors. This mode is effective for learning how to use the automix system.

AUTOMIX

Basic Connections and Setup

1. Connect your timecode source to the 02R.

2. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 1/7 page.

3. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the desired “Frames” rate and press the [ENTER] button.

The 02R supports the following frame rates:

• 30—30 frames per second.

02R Getting Started Guide

70 Mixing and Automix

• 30D—29.97 frames per second (30 drop frame).

• 25—25 frames per second.

• 24—24 frames per second.

These frame rates apply to the SMPTE, MTC, and INT time references.

4. Select the “Time Reference” with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button.

Select the time reference from the four options:

• SMPTE timecode (the motion picture standard)

• MTC (MIDI timecode)

• INT (internal)

• MIDI (MIDI Clock)

5. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the “Automix” ENABLE and press the [ENTER] button to switch it on.

The automix system will not function unless this check box is enabled.

6. Select the desired “Overwrite” items with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button.

This ﬁeld allows you to select the types of events that will be recorded. Only the items selected will be recorded. Choose from the following:

• FADER—channel level operations (fader or encoder) including auxiliary send levels.

• CH ON—[ON] button selections for each channel.

• PAN—pan position for each channel.

• EQ—EQ selections for each channel.

• SURROUND—surround pan events

Note: Scene memories and all library recall operations will be recorded regardless of the settings of the “Overwrite” options.

The other options on this page are also important, but not for the purposes of this tutorial. See “Automix Main” on page 144 of the User’s Guide for more details.

02R Getting Started Guide

Creating a New Automix

To record an entire mixing session with the 02R automix system, you must ﬁrst create a new automix. When a new automix is created, the contents of the current automix (referred to as “events”) are deleted and the current automix is returned to its default settings.

STORE

SCENE MEMORY

AUTOMIX

RECALL

Mixing and Automix 71

If you want to keep the contents of the current automix, store them into an available memory location before proceeding.

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 2/7 page.

2. Use the SCENE MEMORY increment or decrement buttons to select your starting scene memory and press the [RECALL] button.

The selected scene memory is recalled.

Your mixdown scene memory should be stored with the [FLIP] button pressed so that the faders operate the tape returns rather than the input channels.

Note: You can customize your 02R so that the [FLIP] button status is ignored during scene memory recalls. In this case, you may need to press the [FLIP] button before you start recording your automix. See “Preferences” on page 198 of the User’s Guide for more information.

3. Set your starting levels for the mixdown and press the [STORE] button to update the scene memory.

The 02R will display a popup conﬁrmation request message. Select the “EXECUTE” icon and press the [ENTER] button.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the “NEW” icon and press the [ENTER] button.

The 02R will display a popup conﬁrmation request message asking if you want to make a new automix. The popup has two icons: “CANCEL” and “EXECUTE”:

02R Getting Started Guide

72 Mixing and Automix

CANCEL is the default. To cancel the NEW operation, either press the [ENTER] button or wait about 10 seconds—the NEW operation will be automatically cancelled.

To create the new automix, use the CURSOR buttons to select the “EXECUTE” icon and press the [ENTER] button. The last scene memory that was stored or recalled will be inserted at timecode location 00:00:00.00.

02R Getting Started Guide

AUTOMIX

Mixing and Automix 73

Recording the First Session

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 1/7 page.

2. Select the “REC” (record) icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button.

The “REC” icon will ﬂash, indicating AUTOMIX RECORD READY status:

3. Press the [SEL] buttons for the tape return channels you want to record.

The LED inset in the selected channel [SEL] buttons ﬂash indicating that they are armed for recording.

Note: Remember the scene memory you recalled has the [FLIP] function engaged. Therefore you should be selecting the [SEL] buttons in the row above the faders.

4. Start the device that is providing the timecode.

It should start from a location before the music starts.

Note: The 02R automix function will not respond correctly in cases where the source timecode starts at “23:59:30.00” and rolls over to “00:00:00.00”. The timecode must be continuous.

When timecode is received when the 02R is in AUTOMIX RECORD READY status, the “REC” icon is highlighted and automix recording will

02R Getting Started Guide

74 Mixing and Automix

begin. The timecode will be displayed in real-time in the “Time Code” ﬁeld of the “Automix Main” page.

Note: If the timecode is not being displayed correctly in the “Time Code” ﬁeld, check the following:

• Are your cables connected between the timecode source device and the 02R correctly?

• Is the timecode source device setup correctly to output timecode?

5. While monitoring the recording, operate the faders and other controls for the selected channels.

When you are recording the automix events, you can only operate the controls, speciﬁcally the faders, of the selected channels.

Note: The 02R tries to prevent accidental level changes by “freezing” the faders that have not been selected. To avoid damaging the unit, do not attempt to operate the faders of channels that have not been selected.

Automix Recording Notes

• When you are recording pan or EQ changes you may ﬁnd it more convenient to use the buttons and controls of the SELECTED CHANNEL block.

• If you have selected more than one channel with the [SEL] buttons, the SELECTED CHANNEL controls can only adjust the channel that was selected last. The same applies for EQ and dynamics processor operations. Because of these restrictions, you may ﬁnd it more convenient to work on your automix recording one channel at a time when editing EQ and pan data.

• While you are recording automix events, you can select other 02R display functions, allowing you to adjust the parameters for multiple channels.

• To record a recall operation from EQ, dynamics, or channel libraries, press the [SEL] button for the channel to be changed, then use the corresponding display function to perform the recall operation. To record a recall operation from the effect libraries, use the [AUX 7] or [AUX 8] button to access the effect libraries.

02R Getting Started Guide

Mixing and Automix 75

6. When you have completed recording the automix session, use the CURSOR buttons to select the “STOP” icon and press the [ENTER] button.

You may ﬁnd it faster and more convenient to stop the automix recording session by stopping the device that is providing the timecode. In this case, the effect is the same as if you selected the STOP function on the 02R:

The “REC” icon will change to normal and the “STOP” icon is highlighted. The events recorded during the automix session will be written to the current automix memory.

You can also discard the events recorded during the automix session by selecting the “UNDO” icon with the CURSOR buttons and pressing the [ENTER] button.

You can stop the automix recording session by selecting the “ABORT” icon with the CURSOR buttons and pressing the [ENTER] button. However, the events recorded during the automix session will be discarded.

Note: The ABORT function must be used before an automix recording has stopped. Once the recording has stopped, the automix data will be updated and a new current mix is created. At this point after stopping an automix recording, the UNDO function can be used to retrieve the previous automix data.

In most cases, punch-in edits or using the event editors can correct minor errors.

7. Stop the device that is providing the timecode.

02R Getting Started Guide

76 Mixing and Automix

WARNING! B

AUTOMIX

Editing Automix Events

Overwriting Events

You can overwrite the events that have been recorded into the current automix. You can alter events on an already recorded channel or you can record new events onto another channel. For example, you may ﬁrst record the faders for the rhythm section to the automix and then overwrite the fader operations for the lead parts and vocals.

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 1/7 page.

e careful that previously recorded events are not accidentally overwritten when you make these selections.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the desired “Overwrite” items and press the [ENTER] button.

Note: If you double-click the [ENTER] button on a selected “Overwrite” item, only that item will be selected and the other items will be switched off.

3. Select the “REC” icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button.

The “REC” icon will ﬂash.

4. Press the [SEL] buttons for the tape return channels you want to overwrite.

It is very important that you be careful when you select the type of events and channels that will be overwritten. If you select the same channel and the same type of event as the last session, the previously recorded events will be deleted the moment the automix recording begins.

5. Start the device that is providing the timecode.

It should have been rewound and again start from a location before the music starts. The previously recorded automix will playback.

02R Getting Started Guide

Mixing and Automix 77

6. While monitoring the recording, adjust the parameters you want to overwrite.

7. When you have completed the automix overwriting session, use the CURSOR buttons to select the “STOP” icon and press the [ENTER] button.

You may ﬁnd it faster and more convenient to stop the automix recording session by stopping the device that is providing the timecode. The effect is the same as if you selected the STOP function on the 02R.

The “REC” icon will change to normal and the “STOP” icon is highlighted. The events recorded during the overwriting session will be added to the current automix memory.

8. Stop the device that is providing the timecode.

Punch-in Automix Data

If you made a mistake in just one portion of the automix, you can replace the erroneous data with a punch-in.

AUTOMIX

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 1/7 page.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the desired “Overwrite” items and press the [ENTER] button.

3. Select the “REC” icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button.

The “REC” icon will ﬂash.

4. Start the device that is providing the timecode.

It should have been rewound and again start from a location before the music starts. The previously recorded automix will playback, however, because you have not selected any channels, the 02R will remain in AUTOMIX RECORD READY status.

02R Getting Started Guide

78 Mixing and Automix

5. Monitor the recording. At the punch-in location, press the [SEL] buttons for the tape return channels you want to ﬁx.

Recording will begin from the location where you pressed the [SEL] button.

Note: From this point, new events will be recorded and previously existing events will be deleted.

6. While monitoring the recording, adjust the parameters you want to ﬁx.

7. When you have ﬁnished adjusting the parameters, press the [SEL] buttons again.

The 02R will return to AUTOMIX RECORD READY status.

Note: If you do not adjust any parameters between the punch-in and punch-out points, any events of the selected type that were previously recorded there will have been deleted.

AUTOMIX

8. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the “STOP” icon and press the [ENTER] button.

The “REC” icon will change to normal and the “STOP” icon is highlighted.

9. Stop the device that is providing the timecode.

Editing Fader/Encoder Movements

If you are replacing erroneous fader/encoder data using a punch-in, the 02R allows you to monitor the differences on the Fader Edit page.

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 1/7 page.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the “FADER—Overwrite” item and press the [ENTER] button.

02R Getting Started Guide

Mixing and Automix 79

3. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 3/7 page.

This display allows you to watch the fader movements as dynamic bargraphs. Several features make this display convenient to use while you perform detailed fader/encoder edits.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select “Fader Edit Out—RET” and press [ENTER] to change its value.

If the RET check box is not selected, you may want to move the fader back to its previously recorded level before you punch-out. If the RET check box is selected, the fader will automatically return to the previously recorded level when you punch out. The time it takes to return to the previous level is controlled by the “Time” ﬁeld.

5. Select the “REC” icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button.

The “REC” icon will ﬂash.

6. Start the device that is providing the timecode.

The 02R will remain in AUTOMIX RECORD READY status.

7. Monitor the recording. At the punch-in location, press the [SEL] button for the tape return channel you want to edit.

Recording will begin from where you pressed the [SEL] button.

8. While monitoring the recording, adjust the fader you want to edit.

As you operate the fader, the display shows the previously recorded position as well as the new position. An arrow in the display indicates the

02R Getting Started Guide

80 Mixing and Automix

direction the fader has to be moved to return to the previously recorded position:

If the fader is moved to a position lower than the previously recorded position

If the fader is moved to a position higher than the previously recorded position

9. When you have ﬁnished adjusting the fader, press the [SEL] button again.

The 02R will return to AUTOMIX RECORD READY status.

10. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the “STOP” icon and press the [ENTER] button.

11. Stop the device that is providing the timecode.

02R Getting Started Guide

AUTOMIX

Mixing and Automix 81

Off-line Automix Editing

Editing Scene and Library Recall Events

The Event Edit (Scene/Lib.) page, shown below, allows you to duplicate and delete mix scene and library recall events, and insert new events. Timecode addresses can be captured on-the-ﬂy, and new events inserted at the captured points. The Locate function provides a speedy way to locate events in a complex automix.

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 5/7 page.

Mix scene recall events and library program recall events are listed in the Time Code, Memory, and Channel columns. Events can be moved by editing the timecode addresses, and events are resorted automatically. In the Memory column, event type and memory number can be edited. In the Channel column, the channel number for EQ, dynamics, effects, and channel library events can be edited. Mix scene events do not have a Channel value.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to move up or down the event list, and the encoder wheel to edit values.

You can edit the following data:

• Time Code—the location of the event as a timecode value. The 02R sorts events by their timecode value.

• Memory—the type of the event. You can select from the following events:

• SCENE—scene memory recall. The number indicates the scene

number (from 0 to 96).

• EQ.Lib.—EQ library recall. The number indicates the EQ library

number (from 1 to 128).

• DY.Lib.—dynamics library recall. The number indicates the

dynamics library number (from 1 to 128).

02R Getting Started Guide

82 Mixing and Automix

• EF.Lib.—effect library recall. The number indicates the effect

library number (from 1 to 128).

• CH.Lib.—channel library recall. The number indicates the

channel library number (from 1 to 64).

• Channel—the channel that the recall applies to. For scene memory recall, this ﬁeld is blank.

For timecode, you can independently adjust the hours, minutes, seconds, and frames values.

3. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the DUPLICATE icon and press the [ENTER] button to duplicate the selected event.

The selected event can be duplicated or deleted using the DUPLICATE and DELETE icons. When the Selected CH parameter is checked, only events corresponding to the selected channel are listed, useful for editing an automix consisting of many events.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the DELETE icon and press [ENTER] to delete the selected event.

When the SYNC icon is pressed, events occurring around the current timecode address are displayed. The timecode counter below the SYNC icon displays the incoming timecode. When the CAPTURE icon below that is pressed, the current timecode address is captured and displayed in the window below. Up to eight timecode addresses can be captured, and they are stored when the 02R is turned off. The parameter next to the CAPTURE icon is used to select the addresses. When the LOCATE icon is pressed, events occurring about the captured timecode address are displayed. When the INSERT icon is pressed, a new scene recall event is inserted at the captured timecode address. The new event can be edited as required.

02R Getting Started Guide

AUTOMIX

Mixing and Automix 83

Editing Channel On, Pan, & Fader events

The Event Edit (CH ON, PAN, FADER) page, shown below, allows you edit channel on/off, pan, and fader events, and duplicate, delete, and insert new events. Timecode addresses can be captured on-the-ﬂy, and new events inserted at the captured points. The Locate function provides a speedy way to locate events in a complex automix.

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 6/7 page.

Channel on/off, pan, and fader events are listed in the Time Code, and Channel columns. Events can be moved by editing the timecode addresses, and events are resorted automatically. In the Channel column, the channel number can be edited. The value in the third column depends on the event type selected using the CH ON (ON/OFF), PAN (L-C-R), and FADER (dB/SEC) check boxes.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to move up or down the event list, and the encoder wheel to edit values.

3. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the DUPLICATE icon and press the [ENTER] button to duplicate an event.

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the DELETE icon and press [ENTER] to delete the current event.

When the SYNC icon is pressed, events occurring around the current timecode address are displayed. The timecode counter below the SYNC icon displays the incoming timecode. When the CAPTURE icon below that is pressed, the current timecode addresses is captured and displayed in the window below. Up to eight timecode addresses can be captured, and they are stored when the 02R is turned off. The parameter next to the CAPTURE icon is used to select the addresses. When the LOCATE icon is pressed, events occurring around the captured timecode address are displayed.

02R Getting Started Guide

84 Mixing and Automix

When the INSERT icon is pressed, a new event is inserted at the captured timecode address. The type of event depends on which of the CH ON, PAN, FADER check boxes is checked. The new event can be edited as required.

02R Getting Started Guide

AUTOMIX

Mixing and Automix 85

Erasing Events

The Event Copy page, shown below, allows you to copy, move, erase and trim the level of automix events. In this tutorial just the Erase function is used. See “Event Copy” on page 153 of the User’s Guide for information about the other functions.

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 4/7 page.

The channel icons are used to select the channels whose automix data is to be edited.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the channel check boxes, and press the [ENTER] button to check them.

The Parameter check boxes are used to select parameters for editing, and multiple parameters can be selected. The parameters are:

• FADER—Channel input and output level events (faders/rotary encoders)

• CH ON—Channel on/off (mute) events

• PAN—pan events

• EQ—EQ events

• SCENE—Scene memory recall events

• AUX 1–8—Channel aux send events (faders/rotary encoders)

• REMOTE 1–4—MIDI Remote events

• SURR—Surround pan events

• EQLIB—EQ library program recall events

• CHLIB—Channel library program recall events

• DYLIB—Dynamics library program recall events

• EFLIB—Effects library program recall events

3. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the parameter check boxes, and press the [ENTER] button to check them.

02R Getting Started Guide

86 Mixing and Automix

4. Use the CURSOR buttons and encoder wheel to set the In Time.

5. Use the CURSOR buttons and encoder wheel to set the Out Time.

The Extract function allows you to delete the selected parameters from the selected channels between the In Time and Out Time points.

6. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the “ERASE” icon and press the [ENTER] button.

A conﬁrmation dialog box appears.

7. Select EXECUTE and press the (ENTER) button.

The events are deleted. If you change your mind, you can restore the deleted events using the Undo function. You can undo only the last operation.

02R Getting Started Guide

AUTOMIX

Mixing and Automix 87

Using the Automix Library

Storing an Automix

An automix can be stored in one of the 16 automix memories available on the Memory Management page shown below.

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 2/7 page.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the TITLE EDIT box.

3. Use the CURSOR buttons to move the cursor within the title, and the encoder wheel to select the characters.

Automix titles can be up to 16 characters long, and the following characters are available.

!“#$%&'()*+,-./

0123456789: ;<=>?

@ABCDEFGH I JKLMNO

PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_

`abcdefghi j k lmno

pq r s t uvwxyz{ | }~

You can select the “INS.” icon to insert a space at the cursor position in the TITLE EDIT box. Select the icon with the CURSOR buttons and press the [ENTER] button. The “DEL.” icon is used to delete the character at the cursor position in the TITLE EDIT box.

Note: The “COPY” and “PASTE” icons allow you to select the title from another automix program and paste it into your program for subsequent editing. These icons only copy the title. See “AUTOMIX Name Edit Functions” on page 149 of the User’s Guide.

02R Getting Started Guide

88 Mixing and Automix

4. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the STORE icon. Use the encoder wheel to select an automix and press the [ENTER] button.

The 02R will display a popup conﬁrmation request message asking if you want to store your settings in the selected automix program. The popup has two icons: “CANCEL” and “EXECUTE”.

CANCEL is the default. To cancel the STORE operation, either press the [ENTER] button or wait about 10 seconds—the STORE operation will be automatically cancelled.

To store your settings, use the CURSOR buttons to select the “EXECUTE” icon and press the [ENTER] button. The automix is stored.

Automix Memory

Automix memory is shared between the current automix and the stored automixes. This means that a “Memory Full” error message could appear even though there are empty automix locations. A complex automix, containing many events, may exceed the memory capacity. If this occurs, backup and delete any unused automixes and attempt the STORE operation again.

The default capacity of the 02R automix memory is 480K. You can expand this to 1.5 MB or 2.5 MB by installing the optional ME4M memory expansion kits.

02R Getting Started Guide

AUTOMIX

Mixing and Automix 89

Recalling an Automix

1. Use the [AUTOMIX] button to locate the AUTOMIX 2/7 page.

2. Use the CURSOR buttons to select the RECALL icon. Use the encoder wheel to select an automix.

The 02R will scroll through the available automixes. The program that is highlighted will be recalled when you press the [ENTER] button.

3. Press the [ENTER] button.

The 02R will display a popup conﬁrmation request message asking if you want to recall selected automix program. The popup has two icons: “CANCEL” and “EXECUTE”.

CANCEL is the default. To cancel the RECALL operation, either press the [ENTER] button or wait about 10 seconds—the RECALL operation will be automatically cancelled.

To recall the automix, use the CURSOR buttons to select the “EXECUTE” icon and press the [ENTER] button. The automix program is recalled.

Note: When you recall an automix program, you are overwriting the current automix. Make sure that you have backed up or stored the current automix just in case.

YOU SHOULD ALWAYS BE CAREFUL WHEN THE 02R DISPLAYS ITS CONFIRMATION POPUP MESSAGE!

02R Getting Started Guide

90 Index

Index

Attenuation 22 Audio quality 2 Automix

about 7 editing 76 editing faders and encoders 78 editing scene and library recalls

81 extracting events 85 frame rate 69 making new automixes 70 memories 68 memory expansion 88 off-line editing 81 overwriting 76 punch-in 77 real-time operation 69 recalling automixes 89 recording 73 recording notes 74 setup 69 storing automixes 87 time reference 69 titling 87 what is it? 68

Aux sends

about 42 AUX buttons 42 selected channel AUX controls

42 setting send levels 43

Basic setup 15

Compander 54 Compressor 54 Converters 11 Crystal clarity 2

Deleting events 85 Digital audio, benefits 10 Display 8 DSP 2 Ducking 54 Dynamics

about 9 compander 54 compressor 54 ducking 54 editing programs 58 expander 54 gate 54 library 57 recalling programs 57 stereo output 55 storing programs 59 titling programs 59

Editing

automix events 76 dynamics programs 58 effects 50 faders and encoders 78 on/off, pan, and fader events 83 scene and library recalls 81

Effects

about 9 editing 50 recalling programs 49 returns 47 send levels 46 storing user programs 51 titling 51 using 46

about 10 applying 24 bandwidth 28 frequency 27 gain 25 library 30 on/off 24 Q 28 recalling programs 30

resetting 29 storing programs 32 titling programs 32

undo 31 Erasing events 85 Expander 54

Faders 9

editing events 83

level setting 20 Features 5 Frame rate, automix 69 Frequency, EQ 27

Gain control, setting 21 Ganging pans 39 Gate 54

Initial data 62 Input level, setting 20 Installation 3 Interface, about 8 Internal effects, about 9 I/O cards 2

LCD 8 Library

dynamics 57

effects 49

EQ 30

Memory expansion kit 88 MIDI Clock 69 Monitoring 45 Monitor source, setting 20 Motorized faders 9 MTC 69 Muting channels 23

02R Getting Started Guide

Index 91

Naming See Titling. Noise gate 54

Off-line editing 81 ON buttons 23 On/off event editing 83 Options 6 Overwriting automix events 76

Pad 21 Pan

about 38 editing events 83 ganging 39

setting 38 Parametric EQ, about 10 Peak hold 22 Phase 22 Powering on/off 16 Programs

dynamics 57

effects 49

EQ 30 Punch-in, automix 77

Q, EQ 28

selecting 37 using 36

Scene memories

about 7 editing recall events 81 indicator 23 recalling 65 recalling scene 0 17 storing 62

titling 63 Scene memory buttons 62 Scene 0 17 Setting

aux send levels 43

effects send levels 46

EQ 24

fader levels 20

gain controls 21

input levels 20

monitor source 20

pan 38 SMPTE 69 Snapshots 62 Sonic performance 2 Storing

automixes 87

dynamics programs 59

effects programs 51

EQ programs 32

scene memories 62 Switching the 02R on/off 16

Undo

EQ recall 31 User guides, about 3 User interface, about 8

Wordclock 16

02R

features 5

installation 3

options 6

rear panel 4

top panel 4

Rear panel 4 Recalling

automixes 89 dynamics programs 57 effects programs 49 EQ programs 30

scene memories 65 Resetting the EQ 29 Returns, effects 47 RISC technology 3 Routing

about 35

Time reference, automix 69 Titling

automixes 87 dynamics programs 59 effects programs 51 EQ programs 32

scene memories 63 Top panel 4 turning channels on/off 23 Turning the 02R on/off 16

02R Getting Started Guide

Yamaha O2R User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Getting Started Guide

Contents

User Guides

Installation

Features

Key Features

Getting Started

Basic Assumptions

Making the Connections

Basic Setup

Power ON/OFF

Setting the Synchronization

Recall Scene Memory 0

Setting the Input Level

Applying EQ

Using the EQ Library

Routing

Panning

Secondary Recording Tutorial

Aux Sends

Setting the Aux Send Level

Creating a Monitor Mix

Applying Effects

Recalling and Editing Effects

Patching in a Dynamics Processor

Using the Dynamics Library

Scene Memories

Mixing and Automix

What is 02R Automix?

Real-time Automix

Editing Automix Events

Off-line Automix Editing

Using the Automix Library

Index