INSTRUCTION
MANUAL
9045
BALBOA
AVENUE
SAN
DIEGO,
.
CALIFORNIA
N
Y
All
Wavetek
of
one
component
Wavetek'sobligation
Wavetek's
to the
to
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Wavetek
This
warranty
Wavetek,
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Wavetek
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Any
recommendations
reliable,
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factory or toanauthorized
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instrument
Wavetek
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warranties,
assume
forth herein
are
warranteed
date
of
manufacture
batteries)
under
proves
by
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chargesorconsequential
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warranty
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Shipment
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any
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Parts
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.
Section1GENERAL
DESCRIPTION
ScopeofManual
ScopeofEquipment
ModesofOperation
Remote
Functional
Specifications.. . . .
Section2OPERATING
Installation
Inspection
Manual
Programming
Section3CIRCUIT
Introduction
Program
Basic
Generator
Low-Frequency
Sine
Conversion
"tone
Burst
Power
Supply
.
Control
Operation
Selection
Operation
Descriptions..
INSTRUCTIONS
.
. .
. ... ...
. . . .
DESCRIPTION
. . . . ... ... . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ... .
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Generator
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Generation
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1-1
1-2
1-2
1-3
2-1
2-1
.
2-4
2-5
3-1
3-1
3-3
3-6
3-7
3-7
3-9
Section4MAINTENANCE
Introduction
Recommended
Checkout
Troubleshooting
ReplacementofCircuit
Replacement
Section5DATAPACKAGE
Introduction
Arrangement
ListofManufacturers
and
. . . . ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... . ... . . . . .
Test
Equipment
Calibration
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . ... .4.4
Boards
Rotary
of
. . . . . . . . . ... . . . ... ... ... . ... ... . ... . .
.
Switches,
. . . . . . . . . . . ... ... . . . . . . . ... ... . .
. . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . .
..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . .
. . . . . ... ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . ... . . ... . . . . ... ... . . . . ... .
Dials,orDecimal
Lamps
.
. ... . . . . . . . ... . . . .
. . .
4-1
4-1
4-1
4-5
4-6
5-1
.
5-1
5-1
1;
~
i
SECTION
I
I
N
SCOPE
This
and
Synthesizer.Sections1through 5
information
Difference
from
SCOPE
The
square,ortriangle
yHz(23
amplitudes
peak-to-peak,
ratesavoltage-controlled
1000:1frequency
for
Four
front-panel
grammable
contact
are
remote
The
19-inch
MODES
Front-panel
operational
OF
MANUAL
manual
maintaining
the
Model
frequency modulationofthe
modes
programmablefrom
instrumentispackaged
provides
for
Data
basic
model,
OF
EQUIPMENT
157isa
/4 hours
are selectable
intoa50-ohm
of
controls.Three
fromaremote
closures.Frequency,
source
.
rackorfor operating
OPERATION
OF
pushbutton
modes
the
the
basic
describe
that
precision
waveforms
per
cycle)to1
ratio
operation
:
instructions
Wavetek
generator
witha0-voltto5-volt
either
operation
Model
from1millivoltto10
load.This
can be
modes
sourcebystatic
amplitude,
for
on a
specific
that
selected
the
for
operating,
Programmable
include
157.Section
differences,ifany,
sourceofselectable
are generated
MHz
in10ranges.Output
instrument
that
maybeswept
output frequency
programmed
of
operation
and
front-panel
mounting
test
bench
.
provides
testing,
Waveform
the necessary
consists
6
from
incorpo-
analog
with
are
logic
levels
function
controlsora
inastandard
the
following
of
sine,
100
volts,
over
input
the
pro-
or
also
2
.
Trigger
3.VCG
VCG
This
calibrating
Model
frequency
Automatic
This
from
frequency output by
Trigger
a
This
.
from
standby
connector on the
and
the
programmed
positive-going
programmed
the time
cycle.Another
cycle
without
accomplished
less
frequency
Search
.
without manual
With
Manual
mode
157
withaVCG
Calibration
mode
the
remote
Mode
mode
the
remote
state untilapositive
triangle
standby
required
of
the
an external
duration
.
Mode
Calibration
is
selectedatthe
the
output frequency.After
may
be swept about
is
selectedatthe
source
closed-loop
is
selectedatthe
source
rear
waveformsis0-voltsdc.
stateisthe
amplitude.A
edgeofthe
frequency,
for
front-panel
programmed
pulse input.The
remotelybyinjectinganinput pulse
thanasingle
calibration
input
Mode
to
to
panel.The
tone-burst
input
for
the generatortocomplete
.
Mode
front
the
.
front
panelorprogrammed
provideanaccurate
operation
front panelorprogrammed
place
the
pulseisapplied
standby
positive
pulse
the
durationofthe
pushbuttom
frequency
cycle
for
panel
calibration,
calibrated
.
Model
state
For
the
square
peak
value
output
and
continues,atthe
permitsasingle
to
be
same
function
of
the
programmed
accurately
center
157
through
for
the
of
starts at
pulse
the
generated
can be
having
the
fixed-
in
sine
wave,
the
the
plus
last
a
a
1.VCG
2.Automatic
3.Trigger
4.Search
Remote
the
1.Automatic
with
.
.
logic-levelorcontact-closure
following
manual
operational
calibration
calibration
calibration
.
modes
.
.
:
programming
provides
This
modeisselectedatthe
entire
selected
In
this
mode,
and
the
VCG
WithoutManual
This
mode
noneofthe
frequency
digital
generator
is
obtainedinremote-control
preceding functions are
front
panel
for
sweeping
rangetofindaspecific
programmingoffrequencyisdisabled
functionsinopen-loop
Calibration
operation
Mode
programmed.In this
frequency
.
operation
the
.
when
mode,
the generatorisin
output
programmed
signalisdc,
digitally-programmed
by
increases
level
ac,
a
band
thatisequaltothe
frequency
frequency
the
generator
the
levelofthe
the generator
decreases the
the
output frequency
thatisproportionaltothe
output frequency
signal
open-loop
the
determined by
is
and a
VCG
output
frequency
input
signal
output
frequency
frequency,
willbefrequency
operation
the
input
signal
.Ifthe
frequency
proportionally
A
positive
.
andanegative
If
the
.
signal
.
input
modulated
amplitudeata
and
the
digitally-
input
willbethe
modified
input
level
signal
over
rate
mode
frequency
control.The
in
tion,
frequency
is
The
kHz.Therefore,
than1kHz, the
between
error-circuit
(represented
range
frequency
search,
trigger,
this
circuit
drift
error-sensing
the
input
by S1in
may
be manually
error-sensing
and
VCG
operatesinclosed
.
circuit
when
divider
output
(represented
operates
the
programmed
circuitisautomatically
of
the
Figure
swept
circuitisdisconnected
modes.In
loop
between
hysteresis
by
S3)-
1-1)
so that
withafront-panel
automatic
and
frequency
switch
corrects
100
is
switched
calibra-
Hz
to
greater
and
the
for
1
the
REMOTE
Transferofcontrol
depressing
rotary
mode,
to
(Refer to
may
50-pin
nizing,
Model
panel
Programming
taneously
isanot-allowed operation
FUNCTIONAL
Programming
Operation
matic
The
coded
range,
selection,
are
to-analog
In
symbols
manded
convertedbythe
whichisappliedtoan
outputsofthese
the
Error
The
CONTROL
the
switches
function,
REMOTE
the
Operations
then
be
REMOTE
trigger,
157
through
for
either
withasynchronizing,
by
data
processing
coding format
program
numerical
and
implementedbyreed-relay
converters
simplified
the
representaswitching
either
voltage-controlled
Loop
Operation
inverter
inputtothe
OPERATIONS
to a
REMOTE
theirRpositions.Control
to
and
each
connector
section.)Anyorallofthese
programmed
connector
and
VCG
separatt
localorremote-program
an automatic
DESCRIPTIONS
contact
(ADP)iscontrolledbybinary
is
modified
controls
amplitude,
generator
(DAC)
block
remotely
frequency
inverter
circuits
generator
remote
closure
mode
diagram of
sourceisaccomplished
pushbuttons
rotary
switch
collectivelyorindependently
in
BCD/binary
on
the
input
signals
BNC
calibration
trigger,orVCG
.
(local/remote) orbyauto-
BCD,BCD,orbinary.The
numerical frequency,
amplitude
selection
contact
.
function
or
locally.The
DAC
and
establish
(VCG)
VCGisdisconnected
and
maybetransferred
formatatthe
rear
panel.Synchro-
are
connectedtothe
connectors
command
range,
.
Circuit
closures
Figure
1-1,
that
binary
into an
error-sensing
the
analog
operating
.
by
turning
of
on the
applications
input
and
can
circuit.The
in
the
generator
controls
rear
simul-
signal
states
frequency
function
functions
cligital-
switch
all
com-
be
code
voltage
state
for
the
search
The
divider
counters
increased.With
is0.001 of
frequency
band
.
.
High-Frequency
Frequences
conventional
outputisa
.
a
square
The
frequency
the
integrator
for
the
square-wave
throughSZtoenable
The
triangle
converter
sinusoidal
S7(triangle,
.
is
the output
by
attenuation
`The
output
uation
network
selected
the
Low-Frequency
Waveforms
are
synthesized
output by the counter
circuit
counts the
0
.001
of
through SZto
frequency
counter
selection
to
the
waveform
consistsofthree
circuit
that
are
progressively
all
three
the
input
rangeofthe
Range
from
100
function-generator
triangle
wave,
specific
which
waveatits
network
with
the
range
output
circuitS,7.All
wave
each
program
and
selects
frequency
output
square,
level
waveform
from
wave
transforms
or
amplifier
.
program
provide
to
Range
frequencies
from
input
input
enable
when
pulseisapplied
DAC
engagedasthe
circuits
frequency
generatortowithin
being
the
is
coupled
output
sine)isthen
over
frequency.One
pulses
that
engaged,
which
Hz
and
establishes
trigger circuit
the
and
pulsestoproduce
1
MHz
to
techniques.The
hysteresis
the
interdependent
the
proper
range
.
the
hysteresis
through S6to
input
the
The
programmed
.
before
then
selects
the
desired
the
100Hzto1MHz
from
100Hzdownto100
basic
waveform
the
trigger circuitinthe
this
mode
throughSstothe
from
the
transforms
cascaded
the
integrating
In
.
given
being
output amplitude
generator
is
the binary
divide-by-ten
frequency
the
divider
reduces
the
error-circuit
are
produced
switch
with
charging
capacitance
the
trigger
switchiscoupled
waveform
function
the
necessary
applied
the
required
square-wave
DAC.The
square
outputisapplied
selected.Another
counter
are
output
the
top
by
integrator
output
the
other
slope
for
mode,
the
sine
into
at
gain
the
to
atten-
for
range
.
jtHz
counter
waves
at
low-
function-
coupled
bits
into
is
is
.
a
a
a
1-2
LOCAL/
REMOTE
_
triangle
the
For
is
as
Sine
output
waveformat0
rangeof100
frequencies
progressively
described
previously
conversion,
attenuation
described for the
50
OHM
OUT
.001 of
MHzto100Hz.
from
100Hzdown
switched
for
into
the
function
are
executedinthe
high-frequency
the
generator
to
100
the
counter
error-sensing
selection,
range
amplification,
.
Figure
frequency
pHz,
input
through S
circuit
same
1-1.Simplified
over
the
divider
4
.
and
manner
as
Block
Diagram
SPECIFICATIONS
VERSATILITY
Waveforms
Sine
Dynamic
100
pHz
,
square
Frequency
(2
.77
hr)to1
and
triangle
'v
MHz(1psec)in10
ranges
.
Outputs
,
'1,
0
.001 to
3-digit
VCG--Voltage-Controlled
Over
signal
OPERATIONAL
Trigger
Generator
command
cyclesbyapplying
lengthofthe
Input
Plus gate required
10Vp-p
resolution
Output
instrument
1000:1frequency
.
Input
impedanceis10
Mode
may
or
impedanceis10 k
selectable
A,
intoa50-ohm
(0
.002to20Vp-p
may
be
.
MODES
be
triggered
gated
to
a+gate
desired burst
is -+-5
and
NO
TE
shorted
Generator
with
ratio
.
kQ
to
produce
signaltotrigger
.
.
voltsto+50
digitally
loadin4
circuit)
open
without
produce
any
damage
0-voltto5-volt
single
discrete
volts
.
variable
ranges
.
to
cycles
number
input
input
for
from
with
on
the
of
1
digit).Closed-loop
grammed
period
Loop
msec
quency
Manual
Instrument
programmed
ulated
Open-loop
periodatconstant
VCG
1
MHz
Slew
VCG
Frequencyvsinput
±0 .1%
±1%10kHz-100
±3%
frequency
.
will settletowithin the
minimum
and
range
Cal
Mode
can
be
frequency
about
this
stability
Bandwidth
.
rate
100%
of
Linearity
100jHz-10
100 kHz-1
MHz
stabilityiswithin
at
constant
and3sec
.
calibratedtoan
and
accurate
temperature
kHz
center
is
within0.05%
range
per
,usec
voltage--best
kHz
.
.
temperature
accuracy
maximum,
accuracyof-0.02%
triggered
frequency
.
.
straight-line
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±0
for
specified
depending on
or
Frequency
.
setting
of
method
24-hour
a
within
for
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fre-
of
mod-
8-hour
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Cal
Auto
Generator
ouput
Manual
Generator
is
momentary
triggered
Search
Generator frequency
transferred
control
Sync
Within
quency
1Vp-p
The
Sync
A
impedance
HORIZONTAL
Auto
Frequency
selector
Mode
has an automatic
frequency
Cal
Mode
manually
is
returned
then
switchisreleased
.
Mode
from
for
convenient
In
the upper 4
synchronizedtoan
thatiswithin1%of
induced
fixed
sine
Out
amplitude
for
Cal
Mode
accuracy
Fwitchesis±(0
syncing
PRECISION
for
the
distortion
control
high
accuracy
calibrated
to
the open-loop
control
digital
controls to
manual
ranges,
external
will
square
from
scopes
programmed
.01%
wave
or
of
looptomaintain
and
stability
using
so that
within
sweeping
instrument
the
the
less
be
other
programmed
control
the
condition
may
it
selected
the
a
single
the
of
signalofapproximately
free-running
than1%.
is
brought outat1
equipment
inputorfront-panel
frequency,
.
loop
be
swept
range
turn
entire
may
be
frequency
.
the
but
when
or
analog
range
fre-
plus
is
VERTICAL
Amplitude
kHz
Peak-to-Peak
1Vto10V
0.1Vto1Vrange
10
1mVto10mV
Amplitude
.
All
range
Trigger
amplitude
.
PURITY
Sine
k
Less
Triangle
Greater
PRECISION
change
and0.5
mV
waveforms
Wave
than
0.5%
1%10kHzto100
3%
99%1Hzto100
95%
to
100
Symmetry
.
start-stop
program
'
Distortion
.
100
100
kHzto1
Linearity
than
100
db to
Voltage
range
mV
range
are
MHzto10
:
kHzto1
with frequencyisless
1
MHz
.
Accuracy%of Prograrn
±(0
+5mV)
.1%
±(1%+1mV)
range
±(1%+0
±(1%+0
symmetrical
point
will
.
kHz
kHz
MHz
kHz
MHz
.
.
mV)
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.1
mV)
.
about
be 0V±0
than0.1dbto
.
ground
±1%offull
.5%
of
100
output
Wave
Square
Less
than
ISOLATION
100
Rise
nsec
and
.
Fall
Time
Configuration
True
Note:-2
False
Note
Logic"1" _
or
volts
or
Logic
Open
:
C
sinks
"0"
circuit
to
-10
--1
volt
volts
.
---2
volts
approximately1.5mA.
= 0
voltage
to
volt
approximately
.
+0.7volts
.
signal
Output
Caution
at
raised
ENVIRONMENTAL
Temperature
Specifications
Operating temperature
REMOTE
ConfigurationA(Standard)
TrueorLogic"1" =0volt
0
Note
:
FalseorLogic
Note:Open
Configuration
TrueorLogic"1"=0
:0volt
Note
FalseorLogic
:
Open
Note
can be
mustbetaken
potential
applyat25°C
CONTROL
volt
sinks
"0"=+2
circuit
B
sinks
"0"=--2
circuit
raised
as
.
range
SPECIFICATIONS
approximately
volts
voltage
volt
approximately
volts
voltage
above
ground up
all
exposed
±5"C
.
0°Cto50°C
±1
volt
.
1.5mA
-
.F
to
10
volts
is
approximately -Q
±1
volt
.
1.5mA
--10
to
approximately-2volts
is
BNC
.
.
volts
connectors
.
.
.
to
volts
250V.
are
.
.
Configuration
TrueorLogic
Note:+2
FalseorLogic
Note:Open
Program
1
MECHANICAL
Weight
24
Power
105
Hz
50
volts
Transition
msec
.
lb,34Ib
Vac
to
.
wattsofpower
Precision
of
selected
D
"'I"
_ +2
sinks
approximately
"0"=0
circuit
voltage
Time
shipping
125
.
Vacor210
required
specifications
range
voltsto+10
volt to +1
approximately-0.7
.
NO
.
volts
1.5mA
volt
Vacto250
TE
over
apply
.
.
.
Vac,50Hz
10%to100%
volts
.
to
400
SECTION
INSTALLATION
Conversion
The
transformer
otherwise
230-volt
conversion
Board)inthe
should
(Refer to
information
Rack Mounting
The
ordered
when
mounting
adapters,
follows
1.Remove
left
respectively
2.Install
Chassis
supplied
previously
3.Secure
standard
INSPECTION
The
the
user
proper operating
checkout
miningifthe
Visual
After
the
external parts
for
230-Volt
Model
157isshipped
connected
specified.To
operation,
switch
230
be replaced
ReplacementofCircuit
on removing the
Model
157isequipped
for
bench
ordered
:
and
following
Inspection
carefully
for
ofabench
Wavetek
the
right
.
one
rack
Assembly
with
occupied
the
Model
rack
procedures
that
the
instructions
instrumentiswithin
unpacking
Line
Power
from
the
factory
for
115-volt
convert
remove
(locatedonthe undersideofthe
position.The
witha1
use
useina
modelisdesired,
partNo.
flathead
six
side
railstothe
mount
with
the
adapters, using
by the
157inthe
mounting
instrument
condition.Complete
are
for
damage
the
the
bottom
/2-ampere
bottom
with four
and
with
standard
210-367,
machine
adapteroneach
the
flathead
hardware
shouldbeperformed
arrived
has
providedinSection4for
the
instrument,
to
line
transformer
cover
1-ampere
fuse
after
BoardsinSection4for
cover
.)
rubber
rail-attaching
19-inch
two
can
screws
left
and
six
roundhead
the
screws
desired
rack
.
at
its
calibration
electrical
knobs,
dials,
with
the
power
power,
fuse
that
right
tapped
.
position
destination
specifications
visually
unless
primary
and
place
Mother
(rear
panel)
conversion
feet
when
hardware
rack.If
rack
mount
be
used
retain
handles,
sideofthe
screws
holes
with
to assure
deter-
inspect
indicators,
rack
and
for
the
the
in
as
surface
the
Operating
The
.
checkoutofinstrument
exist,
following
for
and
y1. .
10.Depress
.
11.Depress
12.Step
areas,
carrier
RefertoInstallation
230-volt
procedural
refertothe
performing
Figure
Name
Oscilloscope
Depress
2.Connect
50Q
3.Depress
4.Depress
5.Set
FREQUENCY
6.Set
TERMINATED
V
.
7.Observe
correctnessofthe
8.Depress
outputis+5
9.Press
put
shouldgoto
to+5Vdc
CAUSEARCH
clockwisetomaximum
should respondtofrequency
100
Hz
indicated
from
100Hzincrements
TI
etc.If
damageisdiscovered,
who
transported
Inspection
line
power
stepsinthis
Warrantyinthe
test
equipment,orequivalent,isrecommended
the
electrical
2-1
for operating
POWER
OUTPUT
AUTOCAL
oscilloscope
the
SINGLE
the
to
the
and ",,in
waveform
the
10 through1.
pushbutton
oscilloscope
connector
pushbutton
'
-
L
signal
TRIG
Vdc
.
CYCLE
---5
each
time the
SEARCH
control
more
than
AUTO
most-significant-decade
INSTRUCTIONS
the
instrument
NOTE
paragraph
instructions
paragraph
operation.If
frontofthe
inspection.(RefertoTable
control
Manufacturer
Tektronix
_m.._
.
through
.
pushbutton
.
dials
for
1000
P-P
AMPLITUDE
displaytodetermine
output
pushbutton
pushbutton
Vdc
for0.5
pushbuttonispressed
pushbutton and
from
clockwise
1
kHz
over
CAL
pushbutton.Depress
.
Output
turn
.
Output
from1kHzto100Hz.
should
.
for
115-volt or
.
electrical
descriptions
50-ohm
.
.00Hz.
for
Steps
and
observe
several
milliseconds
maximum
positions.Output
control
the
control
should
FREQUENCY
change
fileaclaim
provideaquick
manual.The
terminator
dials
8 through 16
rotate
from
respond
frequency
with
deficiencies
2-1
.)
Model
454
to
for10.00
the
general
that
the
times.Out-
and back
.
MAN
the
counter-
less
than
range
.
the
with
dial
in
.
2-1
CONT
Table
2-1
Name
CONTROLS
POWER
MAN
AUTO
TRIG
SEARCH
REMOTE
REMOTE
SINGLE
pushbutton
pushbutton
CAL
CAL
pushbutton*
pushbutton*
pushbutton*
pushbutton
'1,
'",,
pushbutton**
r\,
pushbutton
pushbutton
CYCLE
pushbutton
pushbutton
FIR
FOUFNCY
dials
Most-Significant
Next
Four
Decades
Dial
Range
CONDENSED
.
**
**
**
Decade
OPERATING
Description
Applies
depressed
*
Closes frequency-error
that
trol
to
for
engage,
leased)
*
Closes
power
.
CAL/SEARCH
MAN
nullmeter
and
calibrate
VCG
frequency
operation
opens
.
frequency-error
fixed-frequency
frequency-error
Opens
enables
operation
Opens
that
trol
selected
connects
trol
-
I"ransfers
and
connector
Selects
Selects
Selects
Transfers
trigger circuit
.
frequency-error
MAN
CAL/SEARCH
can
be
frequency
digital
.
automatic
trigger
control
.
square-wave
triangle-wave
sine-wave
function
remote connector
Provides
lected
pushbutton
mentary
Programs
selection
Numbered
through 10
one-cycle
output
is
engage)
decimal
.
decimally
with
remote-control
logical
"0"ifnot
grammed
Numbered
through 9
.
decimally
with
remote-control
logical
"0"ifnot
grammed
Lettered
tion),
mHz
.
from
(three
(three positions),
(three
remote
positions,
.
DATA
unit
to
when
loop
can be
output
(momentary
when
loop
loop
operation
.
loop
for
pulsed
loop
to
range
sweep
.
used
frequency
calibration
remote
to
output
.
output
.
output
.
control
.
of
the
when
the
TRIG
depressed
(mo-
.
Frequency
from
R
being
transfer,
or
remotely
from
R
being
transfer,ora
remotely
PHz
(one
posi-
positions),
through
and
R
so
conused
re-
for
and
so
con-
Dis-
con-
to
se-
the
pro-
the
pro-
Hz
kHz
for
Table
Name
TERMINATED
AMPLITUDE
dials
Most-Significant
P-P
Decade
Description
Programs
selection
Numbered
10
-control
if
not
Next
Two
Decades
Numbered
through
remote-control
logical
grammed
Range
Dial
Lettered
tions)
for
INDICATORS
Nullmeter
Operates
MAN
button
Calibration
FREQUENCY
lamps
point
clecimal-
Illuminate
decimal
of
operation--pilot
range
TERMINATED
AMPLITUDE
P-P
Illuminate
of
decimal
tion--pilot
dialisinRposition
CONNECTORS
OUTPUT
502
ANCE
AMPLITUDE
CALIBRATED
5052
LOAD
VCG
IN
IMPED-
INTO
Output
amplitude
Analog
modulationofprogrammed
quency
1
TRIG
IN
Input
burstsofdesired
a
SYNC
IN
Input
frequency
SYNC
0
OUT
REMOTE
Output
device
Input
logic
remote
:
NOTE
Pushbutton
linked.Depressing
depressed
pushbuttoninthe
switches
any oneina
same
marked*or**are
set
set
.
decimal
.
decimally
with
R
transfer,
remotely
9
"0"ifnot
.
from
V
to
.
remote
in
CAL
during
and
.
to
point
dialisin
to
during
for
waveform
input
.
for
pulsetoproduce
for
synchronizing
with
for
sychronizing
with
synthesizer
for
level
source
releases
.
amplitude
1
through
the
a
logical
remote-
being
or
programmed
decimally
with
R
from
being
transfer,
remotely
mV
(three
(one
position)
and
conjunction
and
SEARCH
Checkout
during
light
position
manual
only
position
manual
only
.
position
opera-
if
indicate
R
indicate
light
.
selected
function/
.
for
frequency
duration
.
output
external
signal
external
.
contact-closure
programming
.
mechanically
any
other
previously
"0"
.
the
or
pro-
posi-
with
push-
and
range
fre-
tone
or
from
0
a
R
if
.
2-2
2-1.Operating
View
controls,
View
indicators,
and
connectors
Front
Figure
Rear
.
2-3
INTRODUCTION
This
section
user
Programmable
Section5graphically
the
Model
theoretical
references
schematic
used
complicated
six
discussional
1.Programming
2.The
3.The
4.Sine
5.Tone-burst
6.Power-supply
presents
in
understanding
Waveform
157 and
discussion.In
are
diagramsinSection5and
in
this
100
Hz
100
pHzto100Hzgeneration
conversion
should
made
sectiontosupplement
circuits.The
parts
the
various
1
MHz
to
.
generation
characteristics
theoryofoperationasan
and
maintaining
Synthesizer.The
illustrates
throi--ighout
theoryinSection3is
:
generation
.
the
functional
be referenced
addition to
the
text to
simplified
generator
characteristics
.
.
.
when
the
the
the
block
block
specific
diagrams
text
divided
aidtothe
Model
diagram
features
reading
diagram,
board
for
more
.
157
in
of
the
are
into
MAN
CAI_
switching
across
the
error
VCG
first
may
cll3
:,trc-i
SEARCH
inverter
the
disconnected
enables
singie
SEARCH
TRIG
Board
ofK6closes,
the generator
(Refer
additional
amplifier
be
accurately
priortoanAqg
switching
output and^the
first
VCG
the
frequency
control
switching
which
the
to
details
cul
(momentary)
amplifier
amplifier.Also,
from
VCG
to
range
.
turnsondriverQ8on the VCG/Integrator
energizes
causing
subsequently
descriptionoftone-burst generation
.)
input
set
control
connects
rnanual
the
first
swewp
%vith
relayK6.
emitter
output and
so that
with
the
operation
the
calibration/search
the
VCG
the
one
The
followerQ9to turn
enters
CRIPTI
connects
output
the
the generator
MART
CAL/SEARCH
.
nullmeter
error
amplifier
amplifier
generator
basic
turn of
the
normally-open
the standby
the
frequency
between
input,
MAN
condition
nullmeter
into
the
the
input
to
output
which
over
any
CAL/
contact
off,
and
for
is
.
PROGRAM
Generator
The
generator-mode
the
block
Assembly
Board
the generator
functions occur
REMOTE
voltage inputtothe
controloferror
connector
canbeprogrammed
AUTO
voltage
error
generator
SELECTION
Mode
Selection
diagram
schematic
schematic
switching
pin
CAL
input
amplifier
operatesinclosed-loop
and
diagram.When
mode
.
amplifier
so that
.
switching
to the
outputtothis
selection
diagram
rowisdepressed,
either
first
circuitisgraphically
detailedonsheet1of
and
also
one
of the pushbuttons
disables
first
disconnects
the
MAN
VCG
amplifier
output
closed-looporopen-loop
VCG
relayK5toaremote
the
amplifier
amplifier
.
shown
the
Chassis
the VCG/Integrator
the
MAN
and
so that
following
CAL/SEARCH
CAL/SEARCH
and
transfers
connects
the
circuit
mode
basic
the
in
in
Function
The
the
Assembly
schematic
is
depressed,
REMOTE
pushbuttons
nectortothe
Function
`Lswitching
to
Board
^
vswitching
to
Board
ti
to
Board
Selection
function-mode
block
diagram
diagram.Whenaspecific
switching
Board
provide
.
provide
.
switching
provide
.
selection
and
schematic
the following
disconnects
and
connects
sine,
square,
.
energizes
the square
energizes
the
triangle
energizes
the
sine
circuitisgraphically
detailedonsheet1of
diagram
waveform
waveformtothe
waveform
and
the
pushbutton
circuit
functions
the
front-panel
the
pins
on the
and
triangle
relay
K3 on
relay
K2 on
relayK1on the Function Board
to
to
relay
the
the
the
the
the
Function
occur
remote
driversonthe
Function
Output
Function
Output
Output
shown
Chassis
Board
this
row
in
:
function
con-
Board
Amplifier
Board
Amplifier
Amplifier
in
Frequency
The
diagram
fifth-decade
switch,
shown
diagram;the
digital-to-analog
Board
the
Selection
frequency-selection
as
the
driver/ladder,
and
the
range
on
sheet1of
first
converter
schematic
frequency
diagram;the
DAC
matic diagram;the
the
VCG/Integrator
diagram
number
from
diode
binary
frequency-range
schematic
Frequency
converted
proportionaltothe
shown
The
a
simplified
decades..
on
the
BCD
code,
binary
weightof2°.
DACs
have an unmodified
diagramofa
-all
Error
in
others
Driver01isbiased
circuitisshown
first-decade
driver/ladder
the
range
matrix.The
the
Chassis
Assembly
and second decade
(DAC)
third
in
the
Crystal
range
capacitor/relay
Board
schematic
matrixonthe
.
of
selection
logic
BCD
Amplifier
this
case,ismodifiedbya
the
to an
coding by the
Board schematic diagram
Allofthe
BCD
single
binary
function
off by
similarly
the
+6-voltdoconnection
in
capacitors,
digital
switch
Board
of the frequency
in
the
Error
through
fifth
One-Shot
switching
diagram;and
Matrix
Range
first
decade
analog
voltage
first
"1
frequency decade
other
input.Figure
for
input
.
the
block
through the
the
range
details
are
schematic
Amplifier
of
decade
Board
sche-
circuit
the
Board
switch
that
*"
that
3-1
DAC
has
is
decade
oneofthe
and
in
is
is
K1isinits
relay
across
the
summing
Whenalogical
driveristurnedonand
12
volts
the
summing
network
R6represent
DAC.Similarly,
circuits
tionofresistance
provide
proportionaltothe
'The
frequency
binary
showninthe
BCD
coding
.
or
remote
shown
shows
the
a
the
resulting
RelaysK4through
fast-slow
the
Range
normally-open
R1andRz
acrossR1
associated
with
and
zero
nodes
"1"
nodes
all
relays
the
of
appears
the
R3and
and
ResistancesR1
.
with
the01
the
other
of
KZandK3
relayisenergized.This
driver/relay stages.Thus
can be
an
analog
current
selected
range
selector
logictorelay-closure
Range
Matrix
from
programming,
at
the
correlation
relay
switching
Matrix
right
FREQUENCY
the
is
of
the
between
closures
K6 on
.
the
function.Relays
Board
are
state,
resultinginzero
contributiontothe
inverter
at
and
error
the
binary
input
the
correct contribution
andR3
driver,
butR2,R4,
resistanceinthe
represent
achieved
input
frequency
output
functions
schematic
decoded
schematic
these
Function
their
any
parallel
programming
by
to
the
.
is
converted
by
the
diagram.The
range
selector
into
decimal
diagram.Table
decimal
Board
K5, K6,
paralled
by
relays
current
amplifiers
to
Q1,
connects
represent
R5,
frequency
associated
combina-
VCG
diode
numbers
perform
K7,
andK8on
K4, K3, K2,
volts
in
the
to
the
and
to
that
is
from
matrix
8421
switch,
format
3-1
and
the
.
3-2
BINARY
-24V
INPUT
Figure
3-1.Frequency
Selection,
Simplified
Diagram
Table
3-1.FREQUENCY
RANGE
CODING
Table
3-2.ATTENUATOR
RANGE
CODING
Board
Desig
A11
A11
A11
A11
A11
A11
A11
A11
A10
A10
A10
A10
A9
and
switch
range.(Refertodescription
tional
provide
connect
frequency
(Josed-loop
generator for
The
the
proper
shown
diagram
Amplitude
The
diagramasthe
The
Chassis
the amplitude
schematic
on
sheet2of
The
frequency-number
The
Output
anda40-db
switched
binary
code
Relay
Desig
K1
K2
K3
K4
K5
K6
K7
K8
K4
K3
K2
K1 0 0
K4-6 0
K1
on the VCG/Integrator
the
in
details.)The
circuit
to
the
generator.(Refertothe
additional
frequency
decimal-place
on
sheet1of
.
Selection
amplitude-selection
digital
amplitude-number
amplitude-range
expandedtolist
switch
Assembly
diagram;and
the
Attenuator
into
program.Table
1
0
0 0
0
1
0 0
0 0
0 0
1
0 0
0 0
correct
relays
switching for the
crystal
basic
generator
range
selector
signal
attenuator
details
schematic
attenuationonthe
Chassis
DAC
selection
Board,
attenuator,
the
pathofthe output
associated
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
0 0
1 1
1 1
0 0 0
capacitance
on the
one-shot
details
indication
the
circuitisshown
the range/attenuation
Assembly
selection circuitryissimilartothe
circuit
3-2isa
Digital
.-.. .
0 0
1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
of
.)
(SW6)
Chassis
are
shown
diagram;the
previously
circuit,
consistsofa 20-db
eitherorboth
circuit
Program
.3
.-4
._-5
0
0 0
0 0
1
1
1
Board,
and
and
truth
0 0
1 1
0
0
1
0 0
0
1
0 0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0 0
0 0
respectively,
for
the
basic
generator
Range
Matrix
divider
circuit
Output
andtothe
descriptions of
the
also
applies
lamp
(L1,
Assembly
the
range
on
sheet1of the
three
Amplifier
schematic
described
contained
waveform
tableofthe binary
functions
0
0
0
0
0
flip-flops
low-frequency
diagram
of
67
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0 0
1 1
programmed
for
Board
power
L2,orL3)
schematic
in
the
attenuator
decades of
circuit
.
on the
attenuator
which
by
.
.8_
. .._.
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1
0
0 0
0
1
1
which
addi-
also
that
low-
the
block
Board
(A5)
.
are
the
to
as
9
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
A5-6 A5-7
0
1
0
1 1
NOTE:X
------
BASIC
The
and
integrator,
duces both
MHz
1
operation,
frequency-converter
connected
the
input
Open-Loop
When
integrator
thatisequaltooneofthe threshold
switch.The
regeneration
If
the
the diode
integrator(DZinFigure
connecting
switch(D3).
the
frequency
nodetothe
.
the
output
reverses
diodeD3topermit
amplifier
precisely
first
equalinvalue,
produced by the
I"he
negative
integrator
again
The
equal
0
0
1
denotes
-----------
GENERATOR
basic
generatorisshowninblock
second
and
triangle
range
the
between
of
power
causes
bistable
connecting
triangleisformedatthe
level
statetoprovideapositive
into
twice
VCG
amplifier
net
current
slopeofthe
output
reverses
output
in
value,
attenuatorincircuit
voltage-controlled
hysteresis
the
and
in
open-loop
divide-by-ten
circuit,
the
first
the
Operation
switch
proceedsinthe following
the
first
voltagesofthe
VCG
applied,
is
this
devicetoproduce
assumes
output of the
second
this
With
program
VCG
reaches+2.5
currenttoflow
the
integrator
the
valueofthe
;
therefore,
butinthe
negative
causes
reaches
states
and
but
oppositeinpolarity,
Range
(max) 20-db 40-db
10
mV
100
mV
1000
mV
10V
generator
switch.This
square
waveforms
operation.For
stages,
and
outputofthe
.
high-gain
the
one
hysteresis
the second
3-2)iszero biasedbythe
VCG
amplifiertothe
condition,
flows
from
amplifier
opposite
triangleatits
---2
the
and
integrator
volts,
summing
current
a
outputofthe
the
integrator
.5 volts,
cycleisrepeated
two
VCG
X X
X
.
diagramasthe
amplifiers,
generator
over
the
one-shot
the
error
hysteresis
characteristicofthe
an output
levels
of the
of
its
binary
manner
switch
VCG
amplifier
current
the
output.This
net
direction,
proportional
integrator
the
positive
output.When
the
hysteresis
from
the
node.This
flowing
current
hysteresis
to produce
output.When
the
hysteresis
.
amplifiers
a
100Hzto
closed-loop
stage,
amplifier
switch
voltage
hysteresis
states
.
negative,
is
to
hysteresis
summing
slope
switch
zero
second
current
into
flows
that
the
current
to
switch
switch
are
always
and
directly
X
first
the
pro-
the
are
and
and
the
diode
to
of
the
biases
VCG
is
the
is
.
the
the
3-3
Figure
3-2
.
Open-Loop
Operation,
Simplified
Diagram
the
proportional
Ifanexternal
voltage
the
change
cation or
On
the VCG/Integrator
levelsatthe
proportionally,
modulation
amplifieristhe
the
Q3/IC3
integrator,
Function
mentary
022/Q23/Q24
stage
028/029
the
the
Board
Schmitt
Q25/Q26/Q27
are
other
square-wave
switching
voltage
Closed-Loop
Frequency
accuracyof0
frequency
to
voltageisappliedtothe
thereby
.
Q1/IC1
the
;
Q14/IC4
diode
stage
schematic
trigger
form
one
form
one
halfofthe
.
The
half
outputofthe
.
Operation
nectinganerror-sensing
the
basic
generator.With
CAL
pushbutton
depressed,
amplifierisconnected
amplifier
diagram
The
divide-by-ten
through
.
error-sensing
stages;the
the
circuit
program
.
VCG
the
outputs
providing
schematic
stage;the
switch,
stage.The
diagram,
coupledtoa
halfofthe
the
bistable
VCG
of
diagram,
second
the
hysteresis
consists
bistable
Schmitt
other
switch
frequency
IC2
half.Similarly,
single-ended1volt
bistable
.01
circuit
either
to
relay
switchisthe
percentisobtainedbycon-
a
feedback
into
AUTO
the
the
output
the
inputofthe
closure
shown
consistsofthe
the
one-shot
stage
pulse-repetition
;
IN
connector,
amplifiers
modifi-
first
the
VCG
VCG
amplifier,
stage;and
switch,onthe
a
comple-
of
switch.Stage
trigger,
and
Q30/Q31
peak-to-peak
VCG
diode
loop
around
CAL
or
MAN
of
the
error
first
VCG
in
the
block
three
cascaded
will
the
and
frequency
(PRF)
switching
common-collector/common-base
.
one-shot
between
for
(previously
are
course,
1
MHztothe
schematic
and
will
be
generator
stages
the output
matrix);the
circuit
Hz.The
hysteresis
the
range
the
discussed).Since
cascaded,atotal
is
sufficienttoreduce
one-shot
divide-by-ten
diagram,iscoupled
to
the
limited
to the
willbediscussed
IC1/IC2, IC3/IC4,
that
so
output.When
to
basic
generator;closure
contacts,
resistor
error
The
range
are
one-shot
range
switching
amplifier
crystal
from1kHzto100
switched
input
matrix
by-ten
stages
which, of
top
range
of
outputofeach
The
Matrix
sensing
Board
circuit
discussion
low-frequency
Dual
flip-flop
logically
connected
providesadivide-by-ten
programmed,
frequencyofthe
F;closureofK7
0
.1
contacts,0.001F.
crystal
schematic
one-shot
The
that
crystal-controlled
4
MHz
sinusoidal
circuitryisshown
diagram
in
oscillator
output
Potentiometric
.
circuit
(consisting
stage
+6-volt
operates
offset
overa10
frequency
switch
from1kHz
0
of
the
rangeof1
top
stage,
shown
low-frequency
error-sensing
each
paired
relayK5is
the
one-shot
0
.01F;
in
Section
(Y1/01)
5.A
producesanaccurate
the
and
source;and
frequency
:1
dividing
output
1
MHz
to
the
three
.001Fis
basic
available
generator
kHz
the
in
the
to
generator.This
circuit
later
.
IC5/IC6
or
dual
circuit
of
K6
contacts,
and
closureofK8
the
upper
free-running
amplifier
the
of
diode-
the
stages
and
the
by
the
divide-
.
Range
error-
;the
are
flip-flop
digitally
is
the
half
of
Q2-Q4
3-4
provides
buffering
appliedtothe
configured
produce
400
microseconds
from
The
Q5/06
logically
an
accurate
the
divide-by-ten
input
differentiator
this
flip-flop
flip-flop
with
the upper
of
begins
microseconds
(see
Figure
3-3 for
IC7Bisreset,
to
IC1A
.
cyclingisrepeated
This
the output
form,
of
havingaduty
reoccurrence
generator
The
.
offset
+6-volt
for
the
trigger
inputofa
with
400-microsecond
afterasquare-wave
circuits
stage
couples
(C8/R12).The
(IC7A)
enables
first
PRF
sets
oscillator
timing)
the
.
IC7Bisset,
which
for
the
one-shot
cycle
and,
hence, the
time
regulator
oscillator.The
JKT
thirteen
other
rectangular
.
the incoming
differentiated
in
the
the IC7
IC1A
stage.The
flip-flop.The
cycle
a
After
.
high
producing
IC7Atodisable
each
square-wave
is
a
circuit
proportionaltothe
frequencyofthe
(IC2),
the
buffered
output
flip-flop
flip-flops
input
is
signal
pulse
set
after
and,
stateatpin
400
microseconds
the
trigger
input
rectangular
PRF
switching
which
output
received
into
presets
output
count
400
input
.
Thus,
wave-
pulse
basic
to
is
circuit
is
are
shown
schematic
same
circuit
The
one-shot
pulse
turned
a
mately
ground.Thus, theDz
do
that
(loff)
9
V
source
Conversely,
collectorofQ2isapproximately
the
theDZ
positive
which
the
error amplifier
Comparison
circuit
DACismadeatthe
(01/02/IC3),
in
the
upper
diagram.Figure 3-4
.
output
period
that
the
off.This
causes
---1.4voltsdodue
forward
then
flows
biasesD3
from
throughR18
high
the
cathode
potential
causes the
being
zero
+6-volt
summing
the
average current
of
and
the
current
summing
and
error amplifier
the
halfofthe
a
simplified
is
appearsatthe
baseislow,
the
cathode
Q1isturned
collectorofQ2tobe
the
to
approximately
is
and
the
+6-volt
and
nonetothe
state
turnsQ1off
Error
baseofQ1.During the
D1/D2
zero
offset
summing
zero
subassembly
Amplifier
diagramofthis
on and02is
connection
biasesD4.Current
sourcetothe
andQ2on
volts,
approximately+0.7-voltsdc.
biasesD3
offset
from
node
node
and forward
current
.
from
the
programmed
of the
(Ion)
the
error
to flow
PRF
Board
approxi-
of
--0.7volts
-12
node
.
so that
resulting
in
This
biasesD4
into
switching
frequency
amplifier.If
,
100Hz
INPUT
ONE
OUTPUT
(^
1/25)
1
kHz
INPUT
ONE
OUTPUT
(-2/5)
SHOT
SHOT
Figure
3-3.One-Shot
Pulse
Period
10
mSEC
Ratios
for
Minimum
and
Maximum
Frequencies
3-5
FROM
FREQUENCY
DAC
1-O
ERROR
AMPLIFIER
SUMMINGNODE
the
magnitudes and
equal
and
opposite,
to
cause
The
ac anddc.
capacitor
fier
the
to
schematic
shown
two-pole
error
provide
The
causes
modifies
direction
the
equalinamplitude
current
this
frequency
programmedinspiteofcomponent
error-voltage
an
error amplifier
Since
provides
C8
saturation.The
MAN
diagram)
on
the
filter
pathtofurther
signal
proper
error
signal
a changeinthe
the output
(either
error
currentatthe
from
the
manner,
of
polaritiesofthese
an
error
current
output
has
considerable
the
PRF
current
negative
outputofthe
CAL
switch
and
latter
(R5,
loop
damping
thatisappliedtothe
frequency
and
digitally-programmed
the
error-sensing
the
basic
(sheet
the VCG/Integrator
to
schematic
R6, R7, C28,
reduce
.
VCG
output
frequency
increaseordecrease)tocause
error
amplifier
opposite
generator
Figure
3-4.PRF
currents
will
result
at
from
the
forward
largeaccomponent,
has
a
feedback
error
1ofChassis
diagram,
C25)isinsertedinthe
ripple
the
VCG
voltage
the
basic
of
summing
polaritytothe
in
circuit
to
value
amplifier
error
gain
to
prevent
amplifier
an
voltage
summing
that,inturn,
generatorinthe
frequency
holds
the output
the
value
drifts
.
Switching
are
not
the
node
.
for
both
ampli-
applied
is
Assembly
Board.As
additional
and
to
node
node
to be
analog
DAC.In
that
Circuit,
LOW-FREQUENCY
Triangle
frequency
Hz.'This
counter,
Slow
The
to
506 and
square-wave
frequency
states
basic
the
may
range
same
frequency
The
Section5.
not
other
which
is
output.Whenatrue
Simplified
and
circuitry
and
Square-Wave
cyclic
are
generator
low-frequency
be
of
as
simplified
shown,
inputstothe
require
Diagram
square
ranges
triangle
counter
then
outputs
from
progressively
and
extended
the
instrument.This
previously
inputtothe
logic
The
parallel
but
all
GENERATOR
waveforms
covering
consists
Generation
the
enter
of
DAC
showninthe
is
logically
back
that
basic
switched
the
inputtothe
range
(100
down
described for
error-sensing
diagram
trigger
directly
flip-flops
inputs to
output
are
the
band from
the
divide-by-ten
configured
down
are0.001
generator
between
Hz)ofthe
to
the
operation
for
inputs to
without
are
be
from
digitally
100
block
to count
againtoproduce
to
6
F
The
.
the outputofthe
cyclic
MHz
100
is
providing the
circuit
.
counter
the
each
being
controlled
false
to
NOR
a
gate
in
generated
pHz
stages,
diagram
of
divide-by-ten
countersothat
basic
low-frequency
essentially
flip-flop
by
produceatrue
occurs,
the
to
100
cyclic
.
from
the
input
generator
the
correct
appears
gated.All
NOR
gates
both
are
6
in
3-6
the
set
and
change
terminal
When
clock-pulse
pulse inputtobegin
starting
the
the
Two
counter
boards
on
tone-burst
to
As
slow
provides
Q5/06
drivingacompound
supply
output.Stages
equivalent of
negative-excursionofthe
Slow
state
.
the
with
counter
is
cycle
binary
as
The
.
the
VCG/Integrator
the
square-wave
shown
I
the
and
for
Triangle
last
generator
inputs
reset
with
the
flip-flopinthe
input,
the
the
highest
output
repeated
(square-wave)
square
No
in
is
5-volt
the
steps
.
waveforms and
256
.
theory),
amplifier/clamponthe Function Board
the Function
appliedtothe
peak-to-peak
Q9/Q10
configurationtoprovide
positive
Q7/Q8
the
circuitry
Wave
Generation
are
enabled
next
clock pulse
counterissetattheNo.
logic
gating
sequentially
flip-flop
order
down
outputs
count
and
coupledtothe
is
Board
and
Board
amplifier/clamp
consistofa
excursion
Q11/Q12
just
square-wave
and
into
causes
resetting
.
Thus
until
No
.
are
taken
connected
(described
theNo.
square-wave
described
506
schematic
differential
of
the
are
the
output
the
flip-flop
its
trigger
input
the
next
clock-
flip-flops,
the
afterNo.
6isreached
from
trigger
output.Stages
complementary
and
.
cyclic
the
to
other
circuit
laterinthe
countissent
diagram,
circuit
amplifier
the
collector
square-wave
provide
will
506
506,
and
the
that
the
SINE
CONVERSION
The
selected,
intoasine
block
diagram
this
circuitry
network
(IC2/Q1-04).Figure 3-6
The
forms
the top
adjust
Conversionofthe
accomplished by
.
resistor
the diode
simplified
parallel-connected
of
wave
waveisobtained
Duetothe
amplitudeofthe
before
IC2/Q1-Q4
the
(IC3
triangle
the
and bottom
the
networks
both
positive
so that
applicationtothe
required
sloworfast,
waveform
.Inthe
is
shownasa
through
inputisappliedtoclipper
triangle intoatrapezoidal
positive
curve.Only
diagram
and
four
which
and
and
shape and amplitude
.
losses
inherentinthe
shaped
formapotentiometric
gain
.
triangle
by
the
Function
IC6),
simplifies
peaks.Potentiometers
negative
trapezoidal
temperature-compensated,
are
one
of
Figure 3-6;the
biased
negative
sine
Output
waveformistransformed
sine
Board
clipper
andapotentiometric
this
amplitudes
wave
biased to
such
networkisshowninthe
operateatdifferent
to
excursionsofthe
sine-shaping
wave
Amplifier
convertor
(IC1),
waveform
into
operateatthe knee
symmetry
requires
amplifier
showninthe
schematic
diode-shaping
the
circuitry
IC1
which
R6
.
the
sine
other three
process,
amplification
Board.Stages
that
amplifier
for
by
and
trapezoidal
of
diagram,
clarity
trans-
clipping
R15
wave
diode-
of
are
levels
the
sine
the
provides
.
is
The
triangle
digital-to-analog
slow
frequency
"The
switching
tor
(IC22),
amplifier
schematic diagram.The
binary
configuratedtoprovideacountof500
Figure
binary
to
switchonin
these bridges
from
the
Fofthe
'The
slow
switching
(discussed
circuits
DAC,
triangle
ranges of
triangle
circuits
the
(IC24/Q3/Q4)
outputs
3-5isa
inputs
from
are
summing
basic
generator
triangle
circuit
later)
(discussed
showninthe
converter,
waveform
the
instrument
DAC
consistsofthe
(IC25 through
---6-volt
simplified
their
and
regulator
counter
up
to29
diagramofthe
the
counter
logical
connectedinparallel,
amplifierisa
frequency
outputisconnectedtothe
for
application
the
function-selection
previously)
block diagramasthe
produces
over
the
IC33), the
(IC23),
shown
on the
and
(51210),
cause
binary
triangle
.
.
the
digitally-generated
pHz
100
.
nine
diode-bridge
+6-volt
and
the
Counter
DAC
are
but
are
.
triangle
the
nine
diode-bridges
sequence.Since
the
resulting
waveformat0
slow/fast
to the
sine
relay-switching
100
to
regula-
summing
Board
capable
logically
DAC.The
all
output
relay
converter
9-bit
Hz
of
of
.001
TONE
BURST
When
the
programmed
VCG/Integrator
relay
K6,
close
(Figure
Priortothe
is
turned
associated
statebyapproximately+3voltsatthe
stateofIC6
provides
Turn
offofQ9,
the
flip-flop,
the
flip-floptoassume
is
nowapositive
base
amplifier
011.The
short
circuit
through
"standby
GENERATION
TRIG
pushbuttonisdepressed,ora
during
causing
3-7)
closingoftheK6contact,
on
resistors,
disables
its
programmed
and
feedback
the
Q13/Q11
state"---no
remote
Board draws
the
normally-open
.
by
the
and
the standby
however,
the
voltage
Q12
which,inturn,
path
around
output
operation,
+12-volt
flip-flop
output
removes
next
square-wave clock
the
reset state.The
sufficienttoturnongrounded-
around
the
programmed
path
and
.
current
path
IC6isclampedinthe
circuit
.
the
enables emitter
the
the
logical
driverQSon the
through
contactofthis
emitter
through
preset
set
integratorisnow
integratorisin
and
state
set
range
the
follower
input.The
the
integrator
clamp
input
output,
capacitance
"1"
coil
relay
CR5
from
causes
"Q",
follower
is
of
to
Q9
and
set
set
a
the
3-7
BINARY
COUNTER
TO
EACH
INPUT
(ONE
BRIDGE)
FROM
INPUT
+12V
IC24/Q3/Q4
SUMMING
AMPLIFIER
-12V
OUTPUTTO
SWITCHING
FUNCTION
Figure 3-5.Slow-Triangle
SLOW/FAST
CIRCUIT
BOARD
RELAY-
ON
Digital-to-Analog
Converter,
Simplified
Diagram
3-
8
M
INTRODUCTION
-
This
section
calibrating,
instructions
electronics
a
factory-repair
possessing
maintain
the
problem
time
RECOMMENDED
the
factory
should
.
The
Model
stabilization
within
advance of
troubleshooting
checks,
errorinload
errorinthe output
provides
and
troubleshooting
are
concise
technician or
department
the necessary
instrument.If
for
repair,adetailed
be
attachedtofacilitate
157
requires
before
specified
useaprecise
tolerances.Prepare
any
planned
resistance
TEST
instructions
and
field
personnelortest
the
NOTE'
output
checkout,
programs.For amplitude
50-ohm
will
voltage
EQUIPMENT
for
testing,
the
Model
directed to
engineer.Wavetek
for
instrumentisreturned
descriptionofthe
one-hour
load.A
causea0
level
the
those
customers not
the
warmup
parameters
for
calibration,
0
.1-percent
.05-percent
.
experienced
equipment
turnaround
this
157.The
adjusting,
maintains
to
to
specific
for
are
in
or
calibration
checkout
following the
instrument
parameters
Electrical
point
layout
Preliminary
1.Set
2.Press
3.Wait
procedures
Specifications
and
diagramsinSection5.
The
entire
firsttodetermine
equipment
checkout
generator
the
1
hour
Setting
as
settingitto 0
procedures
procedure
can be
and
adjustment
Procedure
POWER
any
performedbyobserving
applying
calibration
connections
.
mode
for
warmup
rotary
.
for the
are
indicated
title.A
the
of
Section1.
locations
NO
procedure
initial
control
for
REMOTE
pushbutton
.
NOTE
digital
switch to
Model
tolerance factors giveninthe
are
7"E
before
.
157.Instrument
by a
quick
checkout
Circuit
shown
must
settings
attempting
.
R
is
the
checkmark-1/,
of
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these indicated
board
test-
on the
be
and
board-
read
test
same
The
following
equipment.Any
maybesubstituted
Name
Oscilloscope
Plug-In
Electronic
Dialamatic
Extender
Distortion
*For
CHECKOUT
The
Unit
troubleshooting
following
table
Counter
Voltmeter
Board*
AnalyzerHewlett-Packard
AND
subparagraphs
containsalistofrecommended
test
equipment
for
those
Manufacturer
Tektronix
"Tektronix
Computer
Wavetek
Wavetek
.
CALIBRATION
having
listed
.
Measurements
provide
equal
complete
test
accuracies
Model
543B
Wor1A7
727D
201
157-111
332A
sequential
Power
Supply
1 .
Connect
inputtoTP1onthe
+12
2.Move
voltsdo±10mV.
3.Move
for+2.8
4.Move
common
5.Connect
inputtoTP6
6.Move
voltsdo±200
Square
Wave
1.Connect
to the
Regulation
the
voltsdo±10
voltmeter
voltmeter
volts
voltmeter
for
the
voltmeter
Offset
the
50S2
OUTPUT
voltmeter
do200mV.
---0.7voltsdo±100
voltmeter
.
Adjust
mV
and
voltmeter
high
power
mV
.
high
inputtoTP3
high
inputtoTP4
high
inputtoTP5
high
R50
for
connectiontoTP8
.
Amplitude
with
connector
inputtoTP2
supply
board.AdjustR7for
and
and
check
and
mV
.
inputtoTP7
--24
voltsdo±50
and
precise
on
50-ohm
rear
panel
and
check
check
and
check
terminator
.
the
for
logic
the
mV
for
low
-12
V
logic
low
.
+6
cc