Vaisala PR-43 User Manual
M212455EN-B
User Guide
Process Refractometer
PR-43 Series
PUBLISHED BY
Vaisala Oyj
Vanha Nurmijärventie 21, FI-01670 Vantaa, Finland
P.O. Box 26, FI-00421 Helsinki, Finland
+358 9 8949 1
Visit our Internet pages at www.vaisala.com.
© Vaisala 2020
No part of this document may be
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photocopying), nor may its contents be
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written permission of the copyright holder.
Translated documents and translated
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based on the original English versions. In
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applicable, not the translations.
The contents of this document are subject
to change without prior notice.
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information contained in this document.
Vaisala makes no representations on this
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This document does not create any legally
binding obligations for Vaisala towards
customers or end users. All legally binding
obligations and agreements are included
exclusively in the applicable supply
contract or the General Conditions of Sale
and General Conditions of Service of
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This product contains software developed
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software (OSS) components. In the event
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or provided to you on any other applicable
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to you.
Table of contents
Table of contents
1. About this document.....................................................................................5
1.1 Version information..........................................................................................5
1.2 Related manuals................................................................................................5
1.3 Documentation conventions........................................................................... 5
1.4 Trademarks........................................................................................................6
2. Product overview............................................................................................ 7
2.1 Safety..................................................................................................................7
3. Refractometer connections........................................................................ 8
3.1 Power supply.....................................................................................................8
3.2 mA output..........................................................................................................8
3.3 Cable connections.............................................................................................8
3.3.1 Split cable connections.............................................................................9
3.4 Ethernet connection.......................................................................................10
3.4.1 IP settings for PR-43................................................................................12
3.4.2 IP settings for stand-alone computer....................................................12
3.4.3 Configuring refractometer network.......................................................13
3.4.4 Testing Ethernet connection...................................................................14
3.4.5 Troubleshooting connection...................................................................14
4. Web interface..................................................................................................16
4.1 Main page......................................................................................................... 16
4.2 Diagnostics.......................................................................................................17
4.2.1 Diagnostic values..................................................................................... 18
4.3 Parameters....................................................................................................... 18
4.3.1 Measuring field samples..........................................................................19
4.3.2 Optical image.......................................................................................... 20
4.4 Verification....................................................................................................... 21
5. Startup...............................................................................................................23
5.1 Startup............................................................................................................. 23
5.1.1 Initial check.............................................................................................. 23
5.1.2 mA check..................................................................................................23
5.1.3 Calibration check.....................................................................................23
5.2 Viewing refractometer status........................................................................23
6. Configuration and calibration................................................................. 24
6.1 Configuring refractometer............................................................................ 24
6.1.1 Signal damping........................................................................................24
6.1.2 Configuring mA output.......................................................................... 26
6.1.3 Ethernet speed setting........................................................................... 27
6.1.4 Skip count................................................................................................ 28
6.2 Calibrating concentration measurement.....................................................29
6.2.1 Chemical curve........................................................................................30
6.2.2 Field calibration.......................................................................................30
1
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
7. Troubleshooting............................................................................................ 32
7.1 Diagnostic message priorities.......................................................................32
7.2 Hardware......................................................................................................... 32
7.3 Measurement.................................................................................................. 33
8. Principle of measurement.........................................................................35
9. Ethernet protocol specification..............................................................37
9.1 Communication protocol............................................................................... 37
9.1.1 Request format........................................................................................37
9.1.2 Response format..................................................................................... 37
9.1.3 Request and response errors.................................................................38
9.2 Request-response pair specification............................................................38
9.3 Error message specification......................................................................... 40
10. Instrument verification...............................................................................42
10.1 Refractometer verification............................................................................ 42
10.1.1 Handling R.I. liquids................................................................................ 43
10.2 Verification procedure...................................................................................43
10.3 Corrective action............................................................................................45
Appendix A:
PR-43 refractometer field calibration form.....................46
Appendix B: EU declaration of conformity.............................................. 47
Warranty............................................................................................................49
Technical support............................................................................................49
Recycling...........................................................................................................49
2
List of figures
Figure 1 Analogue connection....................................................................................... 8
Figure 2 mA and Ethernet output (with M12 ethernet connector)...................... 9
Figure 3 mA and Ethernet output (with RJ-45 ethernet connector)..................9
Figure 4 RJ45 network connection with Ethernet converter cable
PR-8442............................................................................................................. 10
Figure 5 Three refractometers in the same network............................................... 11
Figure 6 Connecting refractometer(s) via wireless..................................................11
Figure 7 Using fiber link to connect refractometer(s).............................................11
Figure 8 Typical IP configuration for stand-alone laptop
connected to refractometer (laptop WLAN turned o).......................13
Figure 9 Example PR-43 network................................................................................ 13
Figure 10 Pinging address 169.254.43.43; ping returned fully and
connection OK.................................................................................................. 15
Figure 11 Main page...........................................................................................................17
Figure 12 Measurement cycles since last login...........................................................17
Figure 13 Diagnostics page..............................................................................................18
Figure 14 Parameters page..............................................................................................19
Figure 15 Measuring field samples............................................................................... 20
Figure 16 Raw optical image of compact refractometer.........................................21
Figure 17 Raw optical image of probe refractometer.............................................. 21
Figure 18 Verification page.............................................................................................22
Figure 19 Exponential damping.....................................................................................25
Figure 20 Linear damping................................................................................................25
Figure 21 Slew rate damping..........................................................................................26
Figure 22 Default mA output values.............................................................................27
Figure 23 Setting secondary mA default.....................................................................27
Figure 24 Choosing ethernet speed............................................................................. 28
Figure 25 Setting skip count value................................................................................28
Figure 26 Concentration calibration layers.................................................................29
Figure 27 Refractometer principle................................................................................35
Figure 28 Optical images.................................................................................................36
Figure 29 From image detection to concentration...................................................36
Figure 30 Universal sample holder PR-1012................................................................44
List of figures
3
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
List of tables
Table 1 Document versions (English)............................................................................. 5
Table 2 PR-43 manuals........................................................................................................5
Table 3 Hardware messages............................................................................................32
Table 4 Measurement messages.................................................................................... 33
Table 5 Request-response pair specification..............................................................39
4
Chapter 1 – About this document
1. About this document
1.1 Version information
This document provides instructions for installing and using the Vaisala K‑PATENTS® Process
Refractometers in the PR‑43 series.
This product manual is delivered to the end user with a Vaisala K‑PATENTS® product.
Information in this manual is subject to change without notice. When the manual is changed, a
revised copy is published at www.kpatents.com.
Table 1 Document versions (English)
Document code Date Description
M212455EN-B April 2020 Manual updated to new format, template, and document code.
IM-ENPR43GEN v.
2.00
June 2018 First version.
1.2 Related manuals
Table 2 PR-43 manuals
Minor changes to content.
Document Code Name
IM-EN-CI Compact User Interface CI Instruction Manual
IM-EN-MI Multichannel User Interface MI Instruction Manual
M212438EN Sanitary Process Refractometer PR-43-AC/AP User Guide
IM-ENPR43GCGP
IM-ENPR43IAAX
Process Refractometer PR-43-GC/GP Instruction Manual
Process Refractometer PR-43-…-IA/AX/CU Instruction Manual
1.3 Documentation conventions
WARNING!
follow instructions carefully at this point, there is a risk of injury or even death.
Warning alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read and
5
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
CAUTION!
follow instructions carefully at this point, the product could be damaged or
important data could be lost.
Note highlights important information on using the product.
Tip gives information for using the product more eciently.
Lists tools needed to perform the task.
Indicates that you need to take some notes during the task.
Caution warns you of a potential hazard. If you do not read and
1.4 Trademarks
Vaisalaâ and K-PATENTS® are registered trademarks of Vaisala Oyj.
Linuxâ is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.
Windowsâ is either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the
United States and other countries.
All other product or company names that may be mentioned in this publication are trade
names, trademarks, or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
6
Chapter 2 – Product overview
2. Product overview
The Vaisala K-PATENTS® in-line process refractometer is an instrument for measuring liquid
concentration in the process line. The measurement is based on the refraction of light in the
process medium, an accurate and safe way of measuring liquid concentration. See Principle of
measurement (page 35) for more information on the measurement principle.
PR-43 refractometers come in three standard packages: a stand-alone refractometer with Web
user interface WI, a refractometer with Compact user interface CI and 1-4 refractometers with
Multichannel user interface MI.
The web user interface WI is for direct control system integration in applications where no
industrial computer or monitoring display is required. For more information, see Refractometer
connections (page 8), Startup (page 23) and Web interface (page 16). Compact user
interface provides a local or remote display with the same information as WI (see Compact
User Interface CI Instruction Manual). Multichannel user interface provides high performance
industrial computing e.g. for multiple connectivity and wash control (see Multichannel User
Interface MI Instruction Manual).
2.1
Safety
This product has been tested for safety. Note the following precautions:
WARNING!
must adhere to local and state legislation and regulations.
The process medium may be hot or otherwise hazardous. Use shields and protective clothing
adequate for the process medium. Do not rely on avoidance of contact with the process
medium.
Wear protective eyewear.
Wear protective gloves.
Precautions when removing a sensor from the process line :
• Check that the process line is depressurized and drained
• Loosen the flowcell screws cautiously; be prepared to tighten again
• Ensure you are clear of any possible spillage and you have a clear emergency escape path
Only licensed experts may install electrical components. They
7
PR-43 REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A-code, M
non-Ex
max. 200m (656ft)
PR-8680
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Field plug
PR-8432
Power supply and
mA output cable
F
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
3. Refractometer connections
The refractometer has an Ethernet connection for digital data acquisition and configuration.
The standard connection cable is made with an 8-pin industrial M12 connector in the
refractometer end. For more information on the cables, see the manual for your refractometer
model.
3.1 Power supply
The PR-43 refractometer requires a 24 V DC power supply (allowable tolerance is ±10 %). The
current consumption of the refractometer is less than 80 mA. The power supply should be
shielded from external voltage surges.
3.2 mA output
The PR-43 refractometer can be connected with just an mA output. The analogue connection
transmits measurement signal only.
Figure 1 Analogue connection
3.3
Cable connections
If the refractometer is connected with Split cable PR-8431, both mA and Ethernet outputs are
available.
8
10m (33ft)
90m (295ft)
180m (590ft)
PR-43 REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A-code, M
non-Ex
PR-43 REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A-code, M
non-Ex
PR-43 REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A-code, M
non-Ex
max. 90m (295ft) max. 90m (295ft)
max. 90m (295ft)
10m (33ft)
PR-8430
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8430
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8430
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8660
Platform 4 cable extender
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
PR-8431
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (M12-4 pin, D-code,M)
mA, 24V
PR-8431
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (M12-4 pin, D-code,M)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft)
PR-8431
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (M12-4 pin, D-code,M)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft)
M
M M
M MM
F
F
F
F
F F
10m (33ft)
90m (295ft)
180m (590ft)
PR-43
REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A code, M
Unclassified area
max. 90m (295ft) max. 90m (295ft)
max. 90m (295ft)
PR-8430-___
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8430-___
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8430-___
Platform 4 cable
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
Ethernet, mA, 24V
PR-8660
Platform 4 cable extender
M12-8 pin, A-code, F+M
PR-8444-001/010
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (RJ 45)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft) or 10m (33ft)
M
MM
F
F
F
F
PR-8444-001
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (RJ45)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft)
F
PR-8444-001
Split cable M12
M12-8 pin, A-code, F
Ethernet (RJ45)
mA, 24V
1m (3ft)
F
PR-43
REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A code, M
Unclassified area
PR-43
REFRACTOMETER
M-12-8 pin, A code, M
Unclassified area
Chapter 3 – Refractometer connections
Figure 2 mA and Ethernet output (with M12 ethernet connector)
Figure 3 mA and Ethernet output (with RJ-45 ethernet connector)
3.3.1 Split cable connections
In split cables PR-8431 and PR-8444 the power cable and the mA output cable are marked
near the end of the cable.
The power cable includes the following color-coded internal cabling:
9
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
• White: +24 DC
• Brown: GND
The mA output cable includes the following color-coded internal cabling:
• White: mA+
• Brown: mA-
3.4 Ethernet connection
The Ethernet connection enables data download from a refractometer to a computer. Any type
of computer, for example PC, Mac or mainframe, with a compatible network connection can be
configured to view and download data from the refractometer. The refractometer can be
configured and monitored without any special software by using a standard web browser.
Ethernet protocol specification (page 37) provides all the specifications necessary to write a
data acquisition program.
The connection on the Split cable PR-8431 is an industrial M12 connector. If
connection to a device that uses RJ45 is desired, for example, to connect with a
laptop, Split cable PR-8444 is needed. Alternatively, you can use Ethernet
converter cable PR-8442.
Figure 4 RJ45 network connection with Ethernet converter cable PR-8442
Several refractometers can be connected to the same Ethernet network. The refractometer
also has an automatic function (known as Auto MDI/MDIX) to detect the polarityof the
network so that the network may utilize either crossover or straight interconnecting cables.
The following figure shows an example of how to connect three refractometers to an existing
LAN with a switch.
10
Hub/Switch
LAN
Ethernet
Ethernet
cable
24 V
DC
24 V
DC
24 V
DC
mA
out
mA
out
mA
out
WLAN
Access
point
Ethernet
24 VDCmA
out
mA
out
24 V
DC
Fiber
Media
converter
Media
converter
Ethernet
Chapter 3 – Refractometer connections
Figure 5 Three refractometers in the same network
It is possible to use a WLAN access point to decrease the number of cables.
Figure 6 Connecting refractometer(s) via wireless
The maximum distance of a single Ethernet connection is 100 m (including one joint adapter/
coupler), but if longer distances are required, a fiber link may be used to extend the range (see
the following figure). The range may be up to several kilometers with a suitable fiber
connection.
Figure 7 Using fiber link to connect refractometer(s)
11
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
3.4.1 IP settings for PR-43
All PR-43 refractometers are shipped with the factory default IP address of 169.254.43.43.
This address belongs to the Zeroconf addresses (as defined in IETF standard RFC 3927) so that
it can easily be reached from a stand-alone computer, usually without changing the network
settings of the computer. This address remains in the refractometer even after a dierent IP
address has been set. The refractometer answers in the address that is first called up after
startup.
If there are more than one refractometer in the same network, this address cannot
be used. See Configuring refractometer network (page 13).
The IP address of the refractometer can be changed through the refractometer homepage, see
Web interface (page 16).
3.4.2 IP settings for stand-alone computer
When a computer with automatic IP settings (DHCP enabled) is turned on in a network with
only the refractometer, the computer should automatically obtain an IP address 169.254.x.x. In
this case the factory default address of the refractometer can be used for connecting without
any further changes in settings. If this does not work, make sure that the WLAN (Wireless
network connection) is not active on the computer that is connected to the refractometer. If
the WLAN is active, the computer’s Ethernet connection may not function as expected. Also,
obtaining the 169.254.x.x. address may take up to a minute.
If the connection to the refractometer still cannot be achieved, the computer’s IP address can
be checked by opening the command window (command prompt) and by typingthe
command ipconfigat the command prompt (press ENTER to give the command), see the
figure below (in Mac OS X and Linux the same command is called ifconfig). The
information given includes the computer’s IP address. If the address does not start with
169.254, the IP address of the computer needs to be configured manually to, for example,
169.254.43.44, netmask 255.255.0.0.
For further troubleshooting, see Troubleshooting connection (page 14).
The connection does not work if the computer and the refractometer have exactly
the same IP address.
When the network settings of the refractometer and / or computer have been configured
according to the instructions above, the next step is to test the connection as instructed in
Testing Ethernet connection (page 14).
12
Hub/Switch
IP = 192.168.43.1
IP = 192.168.43.2
IP = 192.168.43.3
IP = 192.168.43.100
netmask = 255.255.255.0
Chapter 3 – Refractometer connections
Figure 8 Typical IP configuration for stand-alone laptop connected to refractometer (laptop WLAN
turned o)
3.4.3 Configuring refractometer network
If there are is than one refractometer in a network, their IP addresses have to be configured
manually as the factory default does not work.
If the refractometer is to be connected to a factory network, consult the network administrator
for the correct settings.
If the network is a stand-alone network with only one refractometer and one or more
computers with no connection to any other network, then the IP addresses can be chosen
rather freely. One possibility is to number the refractometers so that they all have 192.168.43.x
addresses so that every computer and refractometer has a dierent number x between 1 254.
The subnet mask (or netmask) is in this case 255.255.255.0.
Figure 9 Example PR-43 network
There are no settings for subnet mask, default gateway or name servers in the
refractometer, as these settings are not required.
13
PR-43 Series User Guide M212455EN-B
3.4.4 Testing Ethernet connection
When the refractometer is connected to a switch, the corresponding link light illuminates in
the switch.
Once the refractometer is powered up, it should be reachable from any correctly configured
computer. Typing the IP address of the refractometer to the address bar of a web browser
brings up the refractometer homepage, see Web interface (page 16).
The factory-default IP address of the refractometer is 169.254.43.43. This address
always responds, see IP settings for PR-43 (page 12).
3.4.5 Troubleshooting connection
If the refractometer cannot be reached through the network, check the following:
1. The refractometer receives power; the Ethernet switch link light is lit.
2. The network settings of the computer are compatible with those of the refractometer, see
IP settings for stand-alone computer (page 12).
3. If the refractometer should be at IP address 169.254.43.43, but cannot be reached, check
that there is only one refractometer in the same network, as otherwise there is an address
conflict.
4. Check that the software firewall of the computer does not block the connections.
A useful test to determine whether the problem is in network settings is to set up a small
network. Perform the following steps:
1. Set up a network of only one refractometer and one computer.
2. Check that the computer has suitable network settings and that its WLAN connection is
turned o, see IP settings for stand-alone computer (page 12).
3. Use the ping utility of the computer to try and reach the refractometer.
The ping utility is available in Windows systems by using the Command Prompt (usually found
in the Accessories; or open Run, type cmd in the empty line and press ENTER to open
Command Prompt). Go to the command interface, type the name of the command and the IP
address you want to check and press ENTER. If the Ethernet connection is physically working
and the address given to ping is correct, the refractometer answers the ping and return any
data packets sent to it.
14
Chapter 3 – Refractometer connections
Figure 10 Pinging address 169.254.43.43; ping returned fully and connection OK
15
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