Ubiquiti Networks airFibe5X User Manual
LINK
DATA
MGMT
GPS
LINK
GPS
MGMT
DATA
5 GHz Carrier
Backhaul Radio
Model: AF-5X
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Overview ................................................1
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Package Contents ................................................................1
airFiber Configuration Interface SystemRequirements ............................1
Hardware Overview ..............................................................1
Chapter 2: Installation ..............................................3
Installation Requirements ........................................................3
Installation Overview .............................................................3
Connecting Power over Ethernet ..................................................3
airFiber Configuration ............................................................4
Hardware Installation .............................................................5
Alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Installer Compliance Responsibility ..............................................10
airFiber® AF-5X User Guide
Chapter 3: Navigation .............................................11
Accessing the airFiber Configuration Interface ...................................11
Product Verification .............................................................12
Interface Tabs ...................................................................12
Chapter 4: Main Tab ...............................................13
Status ...........................................................................13
Ethernet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Monitor .........................................................................15
Chapter 5: Wireless Tab ............................................16
Basic Wireless Settings ...........................................................16
Frequency Settings ..............................................................17
Wireless Security ................................................................18
Chapter 6: Network Tab ...........................................19
Management Network Settings ..................................................19
Chapter 7: Advanced Tab ..........................................21
Wireless Settings ................................................................21
DATA Port Ethernet Settings .....................................................21
MGMT Port Ethernet Settings ....................................................23
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Chapter 8: Services Tab ...........................................24
Ping Watchdog ..................................................................24
SNMP Agent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Telnet Server ....................................................................26
NTP Client .......................................................................26
Dynamic DNS ...................................................................26
System Log ......................................................................26
Device Discovery ................................................................26
Chapter 9: System Tab ............................................27
Firmware Update ................................................................27
Device ..........................................................................28
Date Settings ....................................................................28
System Accounts ................................................................28
Miscellaneous ...................................................................28
Location ........................................................................29
Device Maintenance .............................................................29
Configuration Management .....................................................29
airFiber® AF-5X User Guide
Chapter 10: Tools ..................................................30
Align Antenna ...................................................................30
Discovery .......................................................................31
Ping .............................................................................31
Traceroute ......................................................................31
airView ..........................................................................31
Appendix A: Specifications ........................................35
Appendix B: Safety Notices ........................................36
Electrical Safety Information .....................................................36
Appendix C: Warranty .............................................37
Limited Warranty ................................................................37
Appendix D: Compliance Information .............................39
Installer Compliance Responsibility ..............................................39
FCC .............................................................................39
Industry Canada .................................................................39
RF Exposure Warning ............................................................40
Australia and New Zealand ......................................................40
CE Marking ......................................................................40
Frequency Ranges and Power Levels per Country/Region ........................41
RoHS/WEEE Compliance Statement ..............................................44
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Appendix E: Declaration of Conformity ............................45
Appendix F: Contact Information ..................................46
Ubiquiti Networks Support ......................................................46
airFiber® AF-5X User Guide
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Chapter 1: OverviewairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
DATA
MGMT
GPS
LINK
Chapter 1: Overview
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing the Ubiquiti Networks®
airFiber® AF-5X 5GHz Carrier Backhaul Radio. This User
Guide is for use with airFiber model AF-5X, and provides
installation instructions, explains how to set up an airFiber
link, and shows how to access and use the airFiber
Configuration Interface.
Package Contents
airFiber AF-5X GPS Antenna
Cable Ties
(Qty. 2)
TERMS OF USE: Ubiquiti radio devices must be professionally installed. Shielded Ethernet cable and
earth grounding must be used as conditions of product warranty. TOUGHCable™ is designed for
outdoor installations. It is the customer’s responsibility to follow local country regulations, including
operation within legal frequency channels, output power, and Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS)
requirements.
Mount
airFiber PoE Adapter
with Mounting Bracket
(24V, 1A)
External GPS Antenna Metal Strap
LINK
GPS
MGMT
DATA
5 GHz Carrier
Backhaul Radio
Model: AF-5X
Power Cord Quick Start Guide
Hardware Overview
Connects to
External GPS
Chain 0:
Connects to
+45° on
airFiber Antenna
LED
Panel
Antenna
Chain 1:
Connects to
-45° on
airFiber Antenna
airFiber Configuration Interface
SystemRequirements
• Microsoft Windows 7, Windows 8; Linux; or Mac OS X
• Java Runtime Environment 1.6 (or above)
• Web Browser: Mozilla Firefox, Apple Safari, Google
Chrome, or Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 (or above)
Port Cover
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Chapter 1: OverviewairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
Ports
Management
Port
Management Port 10/100 Mbps, secured Ethernet
port for configuration. In-Band Management is enabled
by default in the airFiber Configuration Interface. When
In-Band Management is disabled, the MGMT port is the
only port that can monitor, configure, and/or update
firmware.
Reset Button To reset to factory defaults, press and hold
the Reset button for more than 10 seconds while the
device is already poweredon.
Data Port Gigabit PoE port for handling all user traffic
and powering the device.
Reset
Button
Data
Port
LEDs
Signal LEDs
Signal Level Once fully booted, the Signal 1-4 LEDs act
as a bar graph showing how close the AF-5X is to ideal
aiming. This is auto-scaled based on the link range, the
antenna gains, and the configured TX power of the
remote AF-5X. Each Signal LED has three possible states:
On, Flashing, and Off. All Signal LEDs would be solidly on in
an ideal link. If the link has a 1 dB loss, the Signal4 LED will
flash; a 2 dB loss and the Signal 4 LED will turn off. The full
bar graph LED states are shown below.
dB
0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13
loss
1 F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 F F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 F F F 0
0 = Off, 1 = On, F = Flashing
Additional LEDs
LED State Status
Off RF Off
Short Flash* Syncing
LINK
GPS
Normal Flash* Beaconing
Long Flash* Registering
On Operational
Off No GPS Synchronization
Normal Flash* Non-Operational (Weak Signal)
On Operational (Strong Signal)
Off No Ethernet Link
Signal 4 LED will light blue when on.
Signal 3 LED will light green when on.
Signal 2 LED will light yellow when on.
Signal 1 LED will light red when on.
Bootup to airOS When powering on, the Power, GPS,
LINK, and Signal 1-4 LEDs light on. Once the CPU code
takes over, the GPS, LINK, and Signal 1-3 LEDs turn off.
Signal 4 LED remains on to indicate the boot sequence is
underway.
Initializing airFiber Software When the airFiber
application begins to boot under airOS, the Signal 4 LED
goes from solidly on to a 2.5 Hz flash. This continues until
the AF-5X is fully booted.
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MGMT
DATA
On Ethernet Link Established
Random Flashing Ethernet Activity
Off No Ethernet Link
On Ethernet Link Established
Random Flashing Ethernet Activity
Off No Power
On Powered On
* Short Flash (1:3 on/off cycle)
Normal Flash (1:1 on/off cycle)
Long Flash (3:1 on/off cycle)
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Chapter 1: InstallationairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
Chapter 1: Installation
Installation Requirements
The airFiber AF‑5X radio operates only with an airFiberX
antenna or a converted RocketDish™ antenna.
airFiberX antenna models:
• AF-5G23-S45
• AF-5G30-S45
• AF-5G34-S45
Conversion Kit for RocketDish (RD-5G30/RD-5G34):
• AF-5G-OMT-S45
See the antenna’s Quick Start Guide for antenna
installation instructions.
Other Requirements
• Clear line of sight between airFiber radios
• Clear view of the sky for proper GPS operation
• Vertical mounting orientation
• Mounting point:
• At least 1 m below the highest point on the structure
• For tower installations, at least 3 m below the top of
thetower
• Ground wires – min. 10 AWG (5 mm2) and max. length:
1m. Asa safety precaution, ground the airFiber radio to
grounded masts, poles, towers, or grounding bars.
WARNING: Failure to properly ground your
airFiber radio will void your warranty.
• (Recommended) 2 Outdoor Gigabit PoE surge protectors
Note: For guidelines about grounding and
lightning protection, follow your local electrical
regulatory codes.
• Outdoor, shielded Category 6 (or above) cabling and
shielded RJ-45 connectors are required for all wired
Ethernet connections.
Installation Overview
We recommend that you configure your paired AF‑5X
radios before site installation. Below is an overview of
the installation with specific details in the following
instructions:
• Connect the airFiber PoE Adapter to the DATA port, and
connect your computer and the MGMTport.
• Configure the AF-5X.
• Install a ground wire and mount the AF‑5X on an
airFiberX antenna.
• At the installation site, install the airFiberX antenna with
the mounted AF‑5X radio (see the antenna’s Quick Start
Guide for installation instructions).
• Secure the ground wire and mount the GPS antenna.
• Establish and optimize the RF link.
Connecting Power over Ethernet
1. Lift the release latch on the bottom of the AF‑5X and
slide the Port Cover off.
2. Connect an Ethernet cable to the DATA port.
3. Connect the Ethernet cable from the DATA port to the
Ethernet port labeled POE on the airFiber PoE Adapter.
WARNING: Use only the included airFiber PoE
adapter, Model: GP-H240-100G-4. Failure to do
so can damage the unit and void the product
warranty.
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Chapter 1: InstallationairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
4. Connect the Power Cord to the power port on the
airFiber PoE Adapter. Connect the other end of the
Power Cord to a powersource.
airFiber Configuration
The instructions in this section explain how to access
the airFiber Configuration Interface and configure the
following settings:
• Wireless Mode Configure one AF-5X as the Master and
the other as the Slave.
• Frequency Setting The operating Frequency must be
the same on both the Master and the Slave.
1. Connect an Ethernet cable from your computer to the
MGMT port on the AF-5X.
4. The login screen will appear. Enter ubnt in the
Username and Password fields. Select your Country and
Language. You must agree to the Terms of Use to use
the product. Click Login.
Note: U.S. product versions are locked to the U.S.
Country Code to ensure compliance with FCC
regulations.
5. The Main tab will appear. Click the Tools drop-down
and select Link Calculator. This tool will guide you
on how to best minimize bandwidth and power/
interference issues.
6. Enter the requirements of your link, and then click
Calculate. Adjust the values as needed to get the
optimal result, and then write down the settings
needed for your configuration.
7. Click the Wireless tab.
2. Configure the Ethernet adapter on your computer with
a static IP address on the 192.168.1.x subnet.
3. Launch your web browser. Type http://192.168.1.20 in
the address field and press enter (PC) or return (Mac).
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8. Configure the Basic Wireless Settings:
a. For one AF-5X, select Master as the Wireless Mode. For
the other AF‑5X, keep the default,Slave.
b. Enter a name in the Link Name field. This should be the
same on both the Master and the Slave.
c. If needed, change the Channel Bandwidth, (Master) Duty
Cycle, Output Power and/or Maximum Modulation Rate
settings.
9. Configure the Frequency Settings. The selected
Frequency must be the same on both airFiber radios.
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Chapter 1: InstallationairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
10. Configure the Wireless Security:
a. Select the AES Key Type, HEX or ASCII.
b. For the Key field:
- HEX Enter 16 bytes (eight, 16‑bit HEX values: 0‑9, A‑F,
or a‑f). You can omit zeroes and use colons, similar to
the IPv6 format.
Note: The airFiber Configuration Interface
supports IPv6 formats excluding dotted quad
and "::" (double-colon) notation.
- ASCII Enter a combination of alphanumeric
characters (0‑9, A‑Z, or a‑z).
11. Click Change and then click Apply.
12. In-Band Management is enabled by default, so each
airFiber radio must have a unique IP Address. (If the
airFiber radios use the same IP Address, you may lose
access to the airFiber radios via the DATA ports.) Click
the Network tab.
Hardware Installation
Install a Ground Wire
1. Remove the nut from the Ground Bonding Point located
on the back of the AF-5X.
Ground
Bonding
Point
2. Attach a ground wire (min. 10 AWG or 5 mm2) to the
lug and replace the nut to secure the wire.
a. For the Management IP Address option:
- DHCP Keep the default, DHCP, to use DHCP
reservation on your router to assign a unique IP
Address.
- Static Change the IP Address, Netmask, and other
settings to make them compatible with your network.
b. Click Change and then click Apply.
Repeat the instructions in the airFiber Configuration
section on your other AF-5X. After you have configured
the airFiber radios, disconnect them and move them to
your installation site.
3. At the installation site, secure the other end of the
ground wire to a grounded mast, pole, tower, or
grounding bar.
WARNING: Failure to properly ground your
airFiber radio will void your warranty.
Note: The ground wire should be as short as
possible and no longer than one meter in
length.
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Chapter 1: InstallationairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
Mount to an Antenna
The AF‑5X can be mounted to an airFiberX antenna or an
airFiberX converted RocketDish. The airFiberX Antenna
(AF-5G30-S45) is shown in the following steps:
1. Attach the AF‑5X to the mounting bracket.
a. Align the mounting tabs on the back of the AF‑5X
with the mounting bracket.
b. Slide the AF-5X down to lock it into place.
3. Attach the External GPS Antenna to the RF connector
labeled GPS. Then, place the magnetic External GPS
Antenna on the bracket (this is temporary; you will
mount the External GPS Antenna on the GPS Antenna
Mount at the site).
2. Attach the RF cables from the antenna feed to the RF
connectors on the AF‑5X in this combination: +45°to
Chain 0 and -45° to Chain 1.
4. Attach the protective shroud.
a. Align the hash mark on the top of the shroud with the
notch on the dish antenna.
b. Rotate the shroud clockwise until it locks into place.
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Chapter 1: InstallationairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
Mount the External GPS Antenna
Locate a mounting point that has a clear view to the sky,
and is above and as far away as possible from the AF‑5X.
1. Attach the GPS Antenna Mount to the pole using the
metal strap, or attach it to a wall using the appropriate
fasteners (notincluded).
2. Place the External GPS Antenna on the mount.
Connecting Power over Ethernet
1. Lift the release latch on the bottom of the AF‑5X and
slide the Port Cover off.
2. Connect an outdoor, shielded Ethernet cable to the
DATA port.
3. Secure the cable of the External GPS Antenna to the
mount with a Cable Tie.
3. Connect the other end of the cable from the DATA port
to the Ethernet port labeled POE on the airFiber PoE
Adapter.
WARNING: Use only the included airFiber PoE
adapter, Model: GP-H240-100G-4. Failure to do
so can damage the unit and void the product
warranty.
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Chapter 1: InstallationairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
4. Connect an Ethernet cable from your network to the
Ethernet port labeled LAN on the airFiber PoE Adapter.
5. Connect the Power Cord to the power port on the
airFiber PoE Adapter. Connect the other end of the
Power Cord to a power source.
Mount the PoE Adapter (Optional)
1. Remove the Mounting Bracket from the adapter by
sliding the bracket downward.
2. Place the Mounting Bracket at the desired location and
mark the holes for the fasteners. Pre‑drill the holes if
necessary, then secure the bracket to wall using two
fasteners (not included).
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3. Attach the airFiber PoE Adapter to the bracket by
aligning the four slots and tabs, and then slide the
adapter downward.
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Chapter 1: InstallationairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
Surge Protection
For added protection, install two surge suppressors, such
as the Ubiquiti Ethernet Surge Protector, model ETH‑SP,
at the end of each link. Install the first surge protector
within one meter of the airFiber DATA port, and install the
second surge protector at the ingress point of the location
housing the wired network equipment.
GPS Antenna
AF-5X
Mounted on
AF-5G30-S45
Max. 1 m
ETH-SP
Ground to Pole, Tower,
or Grounding Block:
Max. 1 m from AF-5X
1. Master Visually aim the Master at the Slave. To adjust
the Master’s position:
a. Loosen the four pole clamp nuts, and rotate the
airFiber antenna on the pole to align the azimuth.
b. Loosen the six elevation bolts, and use the hex nut on
the elevation rod to adjust the elevation.
EdgeRouter
ETH-SP
airFiber
PoE Adapter
Power Source
™
Alignment
Tips
• To accurately align the airFiber radios for best
performance, you MUST align only one end of the link at
a time.
• You may need to use additional hardware to
compensate for issues such as the improper orientation
of a mounting pole or significant elevation differences
between airFiber radios.
Establishing a Link
Adjust the positions of the Master and the Slave to
establish a link. The following guide features the airFiber
antenna, AF-5G30-S45:
Note: The Master must be aimed first at the Slave
because the Slave does not transmit any RF signal
until it detects transmissions from the Master.
Note: Do NOT make simultaneous adjustments on
the Master and Slave.
2. Slave Visually aim the Slave at the Master. To adjust the
Slave’s position:
a. Loosen the four pole clamp nuts, and rotate the
airFiber antenna on the pole to align the azimuth.
b. Loosen the six elevation bolts, and use the hex nut on
the elevation rod to adjust the elevation.
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Chapter 1: InstallationairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
3. Check to see if a link is established. Ensure that the LINK
LED is solidly lit green and the Signal LEDs of the Slave
are displaying signal levels.
4. Slave Aim the Slave at the Master to achieve the
strongest signal level on the Master.
Note: Refer to “Signal LEDs” on page 2 for
details on the signal values.
Note: Maximum signal strength can best be
achieved by iteratively sweeping through both
azimuth and elevation.
5. Master Aim the Master at the Slave to achieve the
strongest signal level on the Slave.
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until you achieve an optimal link,
with all four Signal LEDs solidly lit. This ensures the best
possible data rate between the airFiber radios.
7. Lock the alignment on both airFiber antennas by
tightening all the nuts and bolts.
8. Observe the Signal LEDs of each airFiber radio
to ensure that the values remain constant while
tightening the nuts and bolts. If any LED value changes
during the locking process, loosen the nuts and bolts,
finalize the alignment of each airFiber antenna again,
and retighten the nuts and bolts.
Refer to the following chapters of this User Guide for
details on the airFiber Configuration Interface:
• “Main Tab” on page 13
• “Wireless Tab” on page 16
• “Network Tab” on page 19
• “Advanced Tab” on page 21
• “Services Tab” on page 24
• “System Tab” on page 27
• “Tools” on page 30
Installer Compliance Responsibility
Devices must be professionally installed and it is the
professional installer’s responsibility to make sure the
device is operated within local country regulatory
requirements.
The Output Power, Antenna Gain, Cable Loss, and Frequency
fields are provided to the professional installer to assist in
meeting regulatory requirements.
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Chapter 1: NavigationairFiber® AF-5X User Guide
Chapter 1: Navigation
The airFiber Configuration Interface is an advanced
operating system capable of powerful wireless and
routing features, built upon a simple and intuitive user
interface foundation.
The AF-5X uses the airFiber Configuration Interface for
easy configuration and management via a web browser.
There are two ways to access the airFiber Configuration
Interface:
• Management Port Enabled by default. Use a direct
connection to the Management port for out-of-band
management.
• In-Band Management Enabled by default. In-band
management is available through the local Data port
or the Data port at the other end of the link. You can
disable it on the Network tab. (See “Management
Network Settings” on page 19 for more details.)
Accessing the airFiber Configuration Interface
Connect to the airFiber Configuration Interface.
1. Make sure that your host machine is connected to the
LAN that is connected to the Management port on
theAF‑5X.
2. Configure the Ethernet adapter on your host system
with a static IP address on the 192.168.1.x subnet (for
example, 192.168.1.100).
3. Launch your web browser. Type http://192.168.1.20 in
the address field and press enter (PC) or return (Mac).
4. Upon initial login, the Terms of Use appear on the login
screen. Enter ubnt in the Username and Password fields,
and select the appropriate choices from the Country
and Language drop-down lists. Check the box next to
Iagree to these terms of use, and click Login.
Note: U.S. product versions are locked to the U.S.
Country Code to ensure compliance with FCC
regulations.
5. The airFiber Configuration Interface will appear,
allowing you to customize your settings as needed.
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