TROXLER 3430 Plus, 3440 Plus User Manual

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Manual of Operation and Instruction

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus

Surface Moisture-Density Gauge

Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc.

3008 Cornwallis Rd. • P.O. Box 12057

Research Triangle Park, NC 27709

Phone: 1.877.TROXLER

Outside the USA: +1.919.549.8661

Fax: +1.919.549.0761

www.troxlerlabs.com

Troxler gauges are protected by U.S. and foreign patents

Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc.

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval systems, for any purpose without the express written permission of Troxler Electronic Laboratories, Inc.

Fantastic is a trademark of Dow Consumer Products, Inc. Federal Express is a registered trademark of the Federal Express

Corporation.

409 is a trademark of the Clorox Company. Magnalube-G is a registered trademark of Carleton-Stuart

Corporation.

Microsoft, Excel, HyperTerminal, Windows, and Word are

registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

WD-40 is a registered trademark of the WD-40 Company.

PN 110890 February 2007 Edition 1.0

TROXLER SERVICE CENTERS

Troxler Corporate Headquarters

3008 Cornwallis Road

P.O. Box 12057

Research Triangle Park, NC 27709

Phone: 1.877.TROXLER (1.877.876.9537)

Outside the U.S.A.: +1.919.549.8661

Fax: +1.919.549.0761

Web: www.troxlerlabs.com

Technical Support

Phone: 1.877.TROXLER (1.877.876.9537)

E-mail: TroxTechSupport@troxlerlabs.com

Midwestern Branch Office

1430 Brook Drive Downers Grove, IL 60515 Fax: 630.261.9341

Western Regional Branch Office

11300 Sanders Drive, Suite 7 Rancho Cordova, CA 95742 Fax: 916.631.0541

Southwestern Branch Office

2016 East Randol Mill Road Suite 406 Arlington, TX 76011 Fax: 817.275.8562

To locate an independent, Troxler-authorized service center near you, call 1.877.TROXLER (1.877.876.9537).

Florida Service Center

2376 Forsyth Road Orlando, FL 32807 Fax: 407.681.3188

Troxler European Subsidiary

Troxler Electronics GmbH Gilchinger Strasse 33 D.82239 Alling nr. Munich, Germany Phone: ++49.8141.71063 Fax: ++49.8141.80731 E-mail: troxler@t-online.de

NOTE

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus iii

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

Congratulations on the purchase of a Troxler Model 3430 Plus or 3440 Plus Surface Moisture-Density Gauge. Troxler continues the

proven technology of its 3400 Series surface moisture-density gauges with the Troxler Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus.

The Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus Manual of Operation and Instruction contains information on safely using this gauge. Also included in this manual are safety warnings, gauge setup, troubleshooting, and general maintenance.

NOTE

Before operating the gauge, read this manual carefully. If you do not completely understand the sections that cover radiation safety, contact your company radiation safety officer (RSO) or the nearest Troxler representative.

CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL

Throughout this manual, symbols and special formatting are used to reveal the purpose of the text as follows:

WARNING

Indicates conditions or procedures that, if not followed correctly, may cause personal injury.

CAUTION

Indicates conditions or procedures that, if not followed correctly, may cause equipment damage.

NOTE

Indicates important information that must be read to ensure proper operation.

〈KEY〉 Angle brackets and a different typestyle indicate a

key or character (number or letter) to press on the gauge keypad. For example, “Press 〈START〉” means to press the key labeled START.

DISPLAY A different typestyle is used in text to indicate

information or messages displayed on the gauge.

DISPLAY - Typestyle and shading used to simulate the gauge display

♦ Diamonds indicate a list of things needed (such as

equipment) or things to know.

 Check marks indicate the performance of an action.

With lists of check marks, follow the instructions in the order of the check marks.

 Triangles indicate that more than one option is

available. Carefully select the option that applies.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus v

NOTES

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION

Introduction................................................................................... 1–2

Gauge Parts and Accessories........................................................1–5

Unpacking and Inspection ............................................................ 1–7

CHAPTER 2. THEORY OF OPERATION

Density..........................................................................................2–2

Moisture........................................................................................ 2–3

Calibration .................................................................................... 2–5

CHAPTER 3. GETTING STARTED

Gauge Illustration ......................................................................... 3–2

Control Panel................................................................................ 3–3

Source Rod Positions.................................................................... 3–5

Daily Inspection............................................................................ 3–6

Turning the Gauge On .................................................................. 3–7

Setup............................................................................................. 3–9

CHAPTER 4. USING THE GAUGE

Taking a Standard Count .............................................................. 4–2

Preparing a Test Site..................................................................... 4–7

Taking Measurements................................................................. 4–10

Recall.......................................................................................... 4–17

CHAPTER 5. SETUP MENU

Setup Menu................................................................................... 5–3

Count Time................................................................................... 5–4

Set Units........................................................................................ 5–4

Depth Mode.................................................................................. 5–4

Stat Test........................................................................................ 5–5

Drift Test....................................................................................... 5–7

Nomograph................................................................................. 5–10

Precision ..................................................................................... 5–15

Options........................................................................................ 5–17

Battery Status.............................................................................. 5–18

Percent Air Voids (Soil Mode)................................................... 5–19

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

CHAPTER 6. TARGET MENU

Target Menu..................................................................................6–2

Target Values ................................................................................ 6–3

CHAPTER 7. CALIBRATION OFFSETS

Offset Menu...................................................................................7–2

Density Offset................................................................................ 7–3

Moisture Offset..............................................................................7–4

Trench Offset.................................................................................7–8

CHAPTER 8. PROJECT DATA

Project Menu .................................................................................8–2

Select.............................................................................................8–3

View ..............................................................................................8–4

Create a Project ............................................................................. 8–5

Erase Projects................................................................................8–6

Output Project................................................................................8–7

Set Output Destination ................................................................8–10

Deactivate....................................................................................8–11

Auto-Store................................................................................... 8–12

Manual Store ...............................................................................8–14

CHAPTER 9. EXTENDED MENU

Extended Menu..............................................................................9–2

Clock/Calendar..............................................................................9–3

User ID..........................................................................................9–3

Customer Name.............................................................................9–3

Language....................................................................................... 9–4

Source Decay.................................................................................9–5

Erase Standard Counts...................................................................9–6

Low Battery Warning....................................................................9–7

Software Reset...............................................................................9–8

Test Menu......................................................................................9–9

APPENDIX A. RADIATION THEORY AND SAFETY

Radiation Theory..........................................................................A–2

Radiation Safety...........................................................................A–5

Regulatory Requirements...........................................................A–14

Gauge Use Precautions...............................................................A–17

Radiation Profile.........................................................................A–18

viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

APPENDIX B. TRANSPORTATION AND SHIPPING

U.S. Shipping Requirements.........................................................B–2

Canadian Shipping Requirements.................................................B–4

APPENDIX C. TROUBLESHOOTING AND SERVICE

Troubleshooting............................................................................C–2

Display Contrast ...........................................................................C–9

Batteries......................................................................................C–10

Mechanical Maintenance............................................................C–15

Replacement Parts ......................................................................C–18

Returning the Gauge for Service ................................................C–30

APPENDIX D. STANDARD COUNT LOG APPENDIX E. UNIT CONVERSION

Measurement Units.......................................................................E–2

Radiological Units ........................................................................E–2

APPENDIX F. GAUGE SPECIFICATIONS

Measurement Specifications......................................................... F–2

Radiological Specifications .......................................................... F–4

Electrical Specifications ...............................................................F–5

Mechanical Specifications............................................................F–7

APPENDIX G. SPECIAL EUROPEAN CONSIDERATIONS

Declaration of Conformity........................................................... G–2

Safety Warnings........................................................................... G–3

APPENDIX H. PRINTING (UPLOADING) PROJECT DATA

Windows Hyperterminal.............................................................. H–2

Viewing Project Data................................................................... H–5

APPENDIX I. GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)

GPS Accuracy................................................................................I–2

INDEX

WARRANTY

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus ix

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure

1–1 Gauge Parts and Accessories.....................................1–5

2–1 Effect of Moisture on Depth of Measurement...........2–4

3–1 Gauge Illustration ......................................................3–2

3–2 Control Panel .............................................................3–3

3–3 Source Rod Positions.................................................3–5

4–1 Standard Count Position ............................................4–3

4–2 Drill Rod Assembly...................................................4–8

4–3 Marking the Test Area...............................................4–8

8–1 Spreadsheet Column Definitions...............................8–9

A–1 Diagram of an Atom.................................................A–2

A–2 Effect of Distance on Exposure ................................A–7

A–3 Cleaning the Tungsten Sliding Block.....................A–12

A–4 Gauge and Transport Case......................................A–18

C–1 Adjusting the Display Contrast.................................C–9

C–2 NiMH Battery Pack and AA Batteries....................C–11

C–3 Final Assembly, Part Numbers 110795_XXXX

(3430 Plus) and 110800_XXXX (3440 Plus).........C–19

C–4 Base Assembly, Part Number 110015_XXXX.......C–21

C–5 Scaler Assembly, Part Numbers 110791

(3430 Plus) and 110876 (3440 Plus).......................C–23

C–6 Baseboard Assembly, Part Numbers 110790

(3430 Plus) and 110877 (3440 Plus).......................C–26

Title Page

LIST OF TABLES

Table

Title Page

3–1 Keypad Functions......................................................3–4

A–1 Radiation Profile for Gauge ................................... A–19

C–1 Error Messages..........................................................C–6

C–2 Typical Battery Operating Life ...............................C–11

I–1 GPS Position Accuracy..............................................I–4

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus xi

NOTES

xii

ATTENTION

MODEL 3430 PLUS OR 3440 PLUS

GAUGE OWNER

This unit contains functions that require an ACCESS CODE. This code must be entered before these functions may be used. For more information on using the access code, refer to Chapter 9.

The ACCESS CODE for this gauge is:

4708

This page should be removed if the access code is not to be distributed to other parties or users of this gauge.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus xiii

NOTES

xiv

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

This chapter provides a brief overview of the Troxler Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus Surface Moisture-Density Gauges, and includes a list of the gauge parts and accessories, as well as instructions for unpacking and inspecting the gauge.

CONTENTS

Introduction................................................................................... 1–2

Gauge Parts and Accessories........................................................ 1–5

Unpacking and Inspection ............................................................ 1–7

1. INTRODUCTION

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 1–1

INTRODUCTION

Since 1958, Troxler has been the worldwide leader in precision quality control and measurement equipment for the highway and construction industry. Troxler’s Model 3430 and 3440 Surface Moisture-Density Gauges have become the industry standard for measuring the moisture content and density of construction materials. With the Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus gauges, Troxler has added a number of new features to the proven technology of the company’s earlier products to provide increased performance, flexibility, ease of use, and operator safety.

Using the Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus gauges, the operator can quickly and precisely measure the moisture content and density of construction materials. Both gauges feature:

♦ Two measurement modes (Soil and Asphalt) for precise

compaction control readings in most construction materials: Soil Mode: For moisture/density determinations in soil and soil-

stone materials in layers of 4 inches or greater.

Asphalt Mode: For density determinations in asphalt or

hardened concrete layers of 4 inches or greater.

♦ A Nomograph function for density determinations in asphalt

layers of less than 4 inches.

♦ Calibration offsets (density, moisture, and trench) to expand

measurement possibilities, and to enhance gauge readings on materials that may fall outside the range of factory calibration.

♦ Over 30 functions to facilitate all phases of testing compaction

on construction materials.

♦ A backlit liquid crystal display (LCD) to help the operator read

the display during night construction.

♦ Easy-to-use keypad and user-friendly menus to reduce training

time to increase productivity.

♦ An internally mounted beeper, which emits a short tone in

response to a valid keystroke on the keypad. The beeper sounds a longer tone if the operator presses an invalid key, if the gauge displays an error message, or to signal the conclusion of a measurement.

1–2

♦ A serial port used to connect the gauge to an RS-232 device,

such as a computer or printer.

In addition to the items listed above, the Model 3440 Plus gauge includes the following features:

♦ A backlit keypad for greater ease of use in low-light conditions. ♦ A remote keypad, including a 〈START〉 and 〈ESC〉 key, at the

top of its source rod housing. The remote keypad reduces the amount of bending and stooping the operator must do while operating the gauge.

♦ A USB port, which can be used to output data to a USB printer

or flash drive. A list of compatible USB devices is available at: www.troxlerlabs.com/PRODUCTS/PRODLIT/otherlit.shtml

♦ In addition to its internal beeper, a louder, external beeper is

included on the Model 3440 Plus. The external beeper performs the same functions as the internal one, and can be enabled or disabled as desired by the operator.

The Model 3440 Plus can also be equipped with an optional global positioning system (GPS) receiver. The GPS receiver enables the gauge to store precise GPS coordinates, along with the standard date and time stamp, for each measurement. For more information on the GPS option, refer to Appendix I.

The Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus gauges meet or exceed all applicable American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards (or corresponding equivalent), including:

♦ ASTM D-2950: Standard Test Method for Density of

Bituminous Concrete in Place by Nuclear Method.

♦ ASTM D-6938-06: Standard Test Methods for In-Place Density

and Water Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)

NOTE

As of November 2006, ASTM D-6938-06 replaces ASTM D-2922: Standard Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth) and ASTM D-3017: Standard Test Method for Water Content of Soil and Rock in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).

1. INTRODUCTION

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 1–3

Any licensing issues discussed in this manual are for the United States. To purchase a Model 3430 Plus or 3440 Plus in Canada, owners must obtain a radioisotope license from the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC). The owner should obtain copies of the CNSC Regulations and the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulations (TDG). For other countries, please consult your local regulatory agency.

Owners are encouraged to require study of this manual before allowing anyone to use the gauge. A potential hazard does exist if improperly used. Appendices A and B, which cover radiological safety and transportation requirements, should be required reading for all users and potential users. If these appendices are not

completely understood, users should seek assistance from Troxler, an appointed Troxler representative, or others designated within the user's organization.

Additional radiation safety information is available by attending a Troxler Nuclear Gauge Safety Training Course. For pricing and availability of these courses, visit the Troxler website at www.troxlerlabs.com/TRAINING/training.shtml Troxler representative.

Before operating the gauge, users in European countries must refer to Appendix G for special considerations, additional safety warnings, and the Declaration of Conformity.

Since changes are made to local, state, and federal regulations on a continuing basis, the owner/operator must maintain awareness of current requirements. The responsibility for compliance ultimately falls on the owner. An owner in the United States may also wish to purchase and subscribe to Titles 10 and 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) in addition to applicable local/state regulations.

or contact your

1–4

GAUGE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES

1. INTRODUCTION

Figure 1–1. Gauge Parts and Accessories

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 1–5

1. The Gauge is the portable instrument containing all electronic

modules, the rechargeable battery pack, detectors, and the radioactive sources.

2. The Reference Standard Block provides a measurement

standard for standard counts. It is also used during stability and drift tests.

3. The Drill Rod is used to drill holes for direct transmission measurements. Do not use the source rod of the gauge to drill holes.

4. The Scraper Plate/Drill Rod Guide is used to prepare the test site and to guide the drill rod when preparing the source rod hole for direct transmission measurements.

5. The Extraction Tool provides leverage to remove the drill rod from soil materials.

6. The AC Charger and DC Adapter are used to charge the gauge batteries. The ac charger accepts 90 – 220 V ac, 50/60 Hz and supplies 12 V dc. The dc adapter allows recharging from an automobile cigarette lighter.

7. The Transport Case provided with the gauge has been approved as a Type A package. Always use this transport case when transporting or shipping the gauge.

8. The Manual details how to use the gauge. Both the manual and the Transportation Guide discuss radiation safety and gauge shipping concerns.

9. A Printer (optional, not shown) connects to the gauge for printing data.

10. A Printer Cable (optional, not shown) is used to connect the gauge to a serial printer or computer.

1–6

UNPACKING AND INSPECTION

Troxler recommends that the operator wear a dosimeter while working with the gauge. Upon receipt of the gauge from the factory, perform a complete inspection and inventory. If the shipping case and/or any other part or accessory appears damaged, notify the carrier and your Troxler Representative immediately.

For shipping to another location or back to the factory, save the box and any packing material. For shipping instructions and regulations, please see Appendix B.

Check the shipping case for the following:

♦ Gauge ♦ Reference Standard Block ♦ Drill Rod ♦ Scraper Plate/Drill Rod Guide ♦ Extraction Tool ♦ AC Charger ♦ DC Adapter (for a vehicle cigarette lighter) ♦ Manual of Operation and Instruction ♦ Gauge Warranty ♦ Source Certificate ♦ Transportation Guide (This guide refers to U.S. standards. All

other countries please refer to local regulations. In the absence of local regulations, please use this guide as a reference only)

1. INTRODUCTION

WARNING

The source rod should always be in the SAFE position when the gauge is not in use.

NOTE

Charge the batteries for four hours prior to initial use.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 1–7

Lift the gauge from the transport case and inspect the outside surface for damage. Check the lock on the source rod handle and make sure the keys fit. Remove the lock, release the trigger, and check the source rod operation. It should move up and down with little effort. Return the gauge to the transport case.

1–8

CHAPTER 2

THEORY OF OPERATION

This chapter provides a brief description of the theory of operation of the Troxler Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus Surface MoistureDensity Gauges. The direct transmission and backscatter modes of operation are illustrated, along with an explanation of the cesium-137 source, americium-241:beryllium source, and detector geometry.

CONTENTS

Density.......................................................................................... 2–2

Moisture........................................................................................ 2–3

Calibration .................................................................................... 2–5

Offsets .................................................................................... 2–5

2. OPERATION THEORY

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 2–1

DENSITY

The Troxler Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus Surface MoistureDensity Gauges use two modes of operation: direct transmission mode (with the source rod extended into the material to be measured) and backscatter mode (with the source rod in the backscatter position, just above the surface of the material). Source rod positions are described in Chapter 3.

WARNING

The source rod should always be in the SAFE position when the gauge is not in use.

In the direct transmission position, the source rod extends through the base of the gauge into a pre-drilled hole to a desired depth. Photons from the cesium-137 (Cs-137) source in the source rod pass through the test material. While passing through the test material, the photons collide with electrons and lose energy. A high material density increases the probability of these photon collisions. This decreases the number of photons that reach the Geiger-Mueller (G-M) detectors in the base of the gauge. Thus, the number of photons reaching the detectors is inversely related to the density of the material: the higher the density of the material, the fewer the photons that reach the detectors. Using the gauge calibration, the gauge software converts the G-M detector counts to a density value.

In the backscatter position, the source rod is lowered to the first notch below the SAFE (shielded) position. This places the source and the detectors in the same plane, with the source just above the surface of the material. Shielding between the source and detectors greatly reduces the number of photons reaching the detectors in a direct path from the source. Thus, the photons from the Cs-137 source must travel into the test material and scatter (or reflect) at least once to reach the G-M detectors. The detectors in the gauge base count these scattered photons.

2–2

MOISTURE

The gauge uses the principle of neutron thermalization to monitor the moisture content of a material. The gauge includes an americium-241:beryllium (Am-241:Be) source that is fixed in the gauge’s base. Fast neutrons emitted by the Am-241:Be source pass into the test material. Multiple collisions between the fast neutrons and a similarly sized mass (such as the nuclei of hydrogen atoms) cause the neutrons to slow to the point where further collisions with hydrogen or other materials will not continue to reduce the neutron energy further. These neutrons are said to have been thermalized.

The gauge contains a helium-3 detector that is sensitive only to thermalized, or “slow,” neutrons. As a result, the moisture counts relate directly to the amount of hydrogen in the material. Using the gauge calibration, the gauge software converts the helium-3 detector counts to a moisture content. (Note that the helium-3 detector is in the same plane as the Am-241:Be source. Therefore, moisture measurement is similar to a density measurement taken in backscatter mode, as described earlier in this chapter.)

The depth of measurement is defined in terms of a maximum depth beneath the surface of the material being measured. Of the neutrons counted by the gauge, 98 percent will penetrate no deeper than the depth of measurement. The depth of measurement is a function of moisture content. The following equations can be used to determine the approximate depth of measurement.

Depth (inches) = 11 – (0.17

Depth (mm) = 280 – (0.27

The normalized curve set shown in Figure 2–1 illustrates the effects of moisture content on the depth of measurement.

M), where: M = moisture in pcf

M), where: M = moisture in kg/m3

2. OPERATION THEORY

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 2–3

Depth = 11 - (0.17 X M)

32.3 pcf

20.8 pcf

336 kg/m

5.95 pcf

96 kg/m

Gauge Measured Moisture Content (pcf)

)

640

560

480

400

320

240

160

Gauge Measured Moisture Content (kg/m

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

6810

Depth (in)

Depth = 280 - (0.27 X M)

521 kg/m

Depth (mm)

The dotted lines indicate the maximum depth of gauge measurement at a given soil moisture content.

Figure 2–1. Effect of Moisture on Depth of Measurement

2–4

CALIBRATION

Troxler calibrates the gauge at the factory and recommends that it always be calibrated by an authorized Troxler service center. For a list of Troxler and authorized Troxler service centers, refer to page iii of this manual or visit the Troxler website at www.troxlerlabs.com/SERVICES/services.shtml

The operating range of the gauge is from 1100 to 2700 kg/m (approximately 70 to 170 pcf).

OFFSETS

The factory calibration provides accurate results for the majority of materials encountered in construction. If the gauge is to be used to test materials not covered by the factory calibration, the readings can be adjusted using an offset.

Perform a density offset if the test material is outside the density range for average soil or if the material composition varies from average soil/asphalt. Perform a moisture offset if the test material contains hydrogenous materials (other than water) or materials that absorb neutrons. Materials such as cement, gypsum, coal, mica, and lime all contain chemically bound hydrogen that will cause the gauge to display a moisture content that is higher than actual. Material such as boron and cadmium are neutron absorbers and will cause the gauge to display a moisture count that is lower than actual.

Vertical structures scatter neutrons and gamma photons back to the gauge. This could result in inaccurate moisture and density readings. To take readings in a trench or within 0.6 m (2 ft) of a large vertical structure, perform a trench offset.

2. OPERATION THEORY

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 2–5

NOTES

2–6

CHAPTER 3

GETTING STARTED

This chapter provides details on getting started with the Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus Surface Moisture-Density Gauges. It describes the gauge keypad, and provides instructions for conducting daily gauge inspections, turning the gauge on, and setting up the gauge.

CONTENTS

Gauge Illustration ......................................................................... 3–2

Control Panel................................................................................ 3–3

Source Rod Positions.................................................................... 3–5

Daily Inspection............................................................................ 3–6

Turning the Gauge On .................................................................. 3–7

Setup............................................................................................. 3–9

Setup Menu ............................................................................ 3–9

Extended Menu .................................................................... 3–11

Measurement Mode.............................................................. 3–15

Project Function ................................................................... 3–16

Display Backlight................................................................. 3–16

3. GETTING STARTED

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 3–1

GAUGE ILLUSTRATION

Figure 3–1 illustrates various components of the gauge referred to throughout this chapter and the remainder of the manual.

3–2

Figure 3–1. Gauge Illustration

CONTROL PANEL

The gauge control panel (see Figure 3–2) contains the power switch, display, USB port (only on the Model 3440 Plus), battery charging indicator, charger connector, RS-232 port, and keypad.

The keypad allows the operator to access the gauge software. Troxler designed the keypad for ease of use, with large keys and an anti-glare coating. Pressing a function key activates the function only when the Ready screen is displayed. Table 3–1 describes the function of each key.

POWER SWITCH

-Ready04-08-2007 10:39 AM Prj: TROXLER Press <START>

3. GETTING STARTED

USB PORT*

BATTERY CHARGING INDICATOR

CHARGER

CONNECTOR

RS-232 PORT

* The USB port is included only on the Model 3440 Plus.

Figure 3–2. Control Panel

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 3–3

Table 3–1. Keypad Functions

KEY FUNCTION PAGE

〈STORE〉

〈RECALL〉

〈PROJ〉

〈STATUS〉

〈SETUP〉

〈OFFSET〉

Store the most recent data in the current project file.

Display the most recent data. 4–17 Select or create a project file and view,

output, or erase project data file. Displays gauge status information. 3–9 Displays the gauge Setup menu. Enable, disable, or change a density,

moisture, or trench offset. Select, enter, or disable a Gmb

〈TARGET〉

(Marshall), Proctor, or Gmm (Voidless density) value.

〈MODE〉

〈STD〉

〈SPACE〉

〈LIGHT〉

〈YES〉

〈NO〉

〈ESC〉

〈0〉 .. 〈9〉

〈.〉 〈ALPHA LOCK〉 〈BACK SPACE〉

〈↑〉, 〈↓〉

〈ENTER/START〉

〈A〉 .. 〈Z〉

Select the measurement mode, Asphalt or Soil.

Take a standard count. 4–2 Enter a space. Manually toggle the LCD and keypad

backlights on and off. Respond yes to yes/no questions. Respond no to yes/no questions. Return the display to the Ready screen

without storing or updating the data. Enter numbers and access menu

options. Enter a decimal point. Access the letters. Moves cursor back one space. Scroll through menu options or view

screens. Accept data entry or begin a

measurement. Enter letters. Access these keys by

first pressing 〈ALP HA LOCK〉.

4–13, 4–16,

8–14

8–2

5–3 7–2

6–2

3–15

3–16

3–4

SOURCE ROD POSITIONS

As shown in Figure 3–3, the source rod can be placed in the SAFE, backscatter, or direct transmission positions. When not taking measurements, keep the source rod in the SAFE position. When measuring thin layer or other materials through which you cannot drill a hole, use the backscatter position. In the direct transmission positions, the source rod extends into a pre-drilled hole.

WARNING

The source rod should always be in the SAFE position when the gauge is not in use.

50mm

75mm

100mm

125mm

150mm

175mm

200mm

225mm

10"

250mm

11"

275mm

12"

300mm

Figure 3–3. Source Rod Positions

(Maximum Depth of 300 mm in Increments of 50 mm)

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 3–5

3. GETTING STARTED

DAILY INSPECTION

The gauge should be inspected daily before use to ensure proper operation of all safety features. Refer to page A–10 for the daily inspection procedure.

3–6

TURNING THE GAUGE ON

To turn on the gauge, press the power switch. Upon power-up, the gauge briefly displays the model number, software version, and serial number as shown below.

-Model 3440 Plus-

Vx.xx SN: xxx

The software then performs a brief self-test, followed by a display test to ensure that the gauge is working properly. Following the two tests, the gauge enters a 300-second warmup period.

NOTE

To bypass the warmup period, press 〈ESC〉.

Following the warmup period, the gauge displays the Ready screen:

3. GETTING STARTED

-READY- g 04-08-2007 12:21 PM Prj: TROXLER Press <START>

NOTE

The symbol g in the upper right of the display indicates that the GPS option (see page 5–17) is installed, the option is enabled, and the gauge is receiving GPS satellite signals. This option is available only on the Model 3440 Plus.

The operator can access any gauge function from the Ready screen. The Ready screen displays the current date and time, as well as the current project (see Chapter 8), if any.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 3–7

NOTE

If the gauge display is difficult to read in bright light, adjust the contrast as described in the Display Contrast section on page C–9.

After 5 hours of no activity, the gauge automatically performs a total power shutdown.

NOTE

If the charge calibration (see page C–11) is BAD, the gauge will not perform an automatic shutdown.

3–8

SETUP

After turning the gauge on for the first time, set up the software parameters described in the following sections. Several of these parameters accessed from the gauge’s Setup and Extended menus. Other parameters are accessed via dedicated function keys. The gauge stores the software setup, so the operator does not need to enter a new setup each time the gauge is turned on. The setup may be changed at any time, however.

The gauge offers a Status function that enables the operator to view selected information concerning the current gauge status and setup. To access the Status function, press the 〈STATUS〉 key. The gauge displays two screens of information, including the measurement units, count time, measurement mode, battery status, Gmb (Marshall) value, Proctor value, Gmm (Voidless density) value, and measurement depth. Use the arrow keys to scroll between the two screens.

SETUP MENU

The gauge provides three different count times to be used in taking measurements. The gauge can also display measurement results in either U.S. units (pcf) or metric (SI) units (kg/m Model 3440 Plus gauge offers two depth modes: automatic and manual. These settings are accessed from the gauge’s Setup menu. To display this menu, press the 〈SETUP〉 key. For information on all of the functions available from the Setup menu, see Chapter 5.

Count Time

The count time defines how long the gauge reads (15 seconds, 1 minute, or 4 minutes). Longer count times produce better measurement precision. Troxler recommends a count time of 1 minute for most sample measurements.

or g/cm3). The

3. GETTING STARTED

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 3–9

To change the count time, press 〈1〉 at the Setup menu. The gauge displays:

Time: 1 m

1. 15 sec

2. 1 min

3. 4 min

The gauge displays the current count time on the first line and options on subsequent lines. To select the desired count time, press the corresponding number key. The gauge sets the new count time, then returns to the Setup menu.

Set Units

The gauge can display measurement results in either U.S. units (pcf) or metric (SI) units (kg/m the Setup menu. The gauge displays:

or g/cm3). To select the units, press 〈2〉 at

-Units-

1. pcf

2. kg/m3

3. g/cm3

Select the new units using the corresponding number key. The gauge displays the new units, then returns to the Setup menu.

Depth Mode

The Model 3440 Plus gauge offers two depth modes: Automatic and Manual. In the Automatic mode, the gauge software determines the

source rod depth automatically. In the Manual mode, the operator must enter the source rod depth at a gauge prompt whenever taking a measurement.

NOTE

The Automatic depth mode is not available on the Model 3430 Plus gauge.

3–10

The Depth Mode function allows the operator to set the depth mode. To access this function, press 〈2〉 at the Setup menu shown on page 5–3. The gauge displays:

Mode: Manual

1. Manual

2. Auto Press # to Select

Select the desired depth mode using the corresponding number key. After the depth mode is selected, the gauge sets the mode and returns to the Setup menu.

EXTENDED MENU

The gauge is shipped with the current date and time (Eastern Standard Time) stored in its memory. In addition, the gauge can store a user ID and customer name. These settings are accessed from the Extended menu. This menu includes functions that are intended for use by authorized personnel only, and requires the use of the access code shown on page xiii.

To access the Extended menu, press 〈.〉 〈9〉 at the Setup menu. The gauge requests an access code:

3. GETTING STARTED

Input Access Code _

Press <ENTER>

Enter the access code shown on page xiii and press the 〈ENTER/START〉 key. The gauge displays the Extended menu.

After setting the date and time, user ID, and/or customer name as described in the following sections, press 〈ESC〉 to return to the Setup menu.

For information on all of the functions available from the Extended menu, refer to Chapter 9.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 3–11

Clock/Calendar

The Clock/Calendar function allows the operator to change the date and time, and to select the display format for each. To access the Clock/Calendar menu, press 〈1〉 at the Extended menu. The gauge displays the Clock/Calendar menu:

-Clock/Calendar- 

1. Change Time

2. Change Date

3. Time Format

-Clock/Calendar- 

4. Date Format

Use the up and down arrows to scroll between the menu options. To select a menu option, press the corresponding numeric key. To return to the Extended menu, press the 〈ESC〉 key.

CHANGE TIME. To change the time, press 〈1〉 at the Clock/Calendar menu. The gauge displays:

hh:mm AM Arrows toggle AM/PM Input Time and Press <ENTER>

(Note that in this example, the time is displayed in AM/PM format. To change the format, see the Time Format section on the following page.) To accept the displayed time, press 〈ENTER/START〉. To change the time, use the numeric keys to enter the new time, and the arrow keys to toggle between AM and PM. Press

〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge sets the time and returns to the Clock/Calendar menu.

3–12

CHANGE DATE. To change the date, press 〈2〉 at the Clock/Calendar menu. The gauge displays:

04/08/2006 mm/dd/yyyy Input Date and Press <ENTER>

(Note that in this example, the time is displayed in mm/dd/yyyy format. To change the date format, refer to the Date Format section below.) To accept the displayed date, press 〈ENTER/START〉. To change the date, use the numeric keys to enter the new date. When finished, press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge sets the date and returns to the Clock/Calendar menu.

TIME FORMAT. The gauge can display the time in either AM/PM or 24-hour format. To select the desired time format, press 〈3〉 at the Clock/Calendar menu. The gauge displays:

-Time Format-

1. AM/PM

2. 24-Hour

Use the numeric keys to select the desired time format. The gauge sets the time format and returns to the Clock/Calendar menu.

DATE FORMAT. The gauge can display the date in either mm/dd/yyyy or dd/mm/yyyy format, where mm = month, dd = day, and yyyy = year. To select the desired date format, press 〈4〉 at the Clock/Calendar menu. The gauge displays:

-Date Format-

1. mm/dd/yyyy

2. dd/mm/yyyy

Use the numeric keys to select the desired format. The gauge sets the date format and returns to the Clock/Calendar menu.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 3–13

3. GETTING STARTED

User ID

The gauge can store a three-character alphanumeric user ID with each measurement. To enter or change the user ID, press 〈2〉 at the Extended menu. The gauge displays:

User ID is: XXX Change ID? <YES> or <NO>

To change the user ID, press 〈YES〉. The gauge displays:

User ID: A

Input ID and Press <ENTER>

Press the 〈ALPHA LOCK〉 key to enable the alphabetic keys on the gauge. When the alphabetic keys are enabled, the symbol A appears in the upper right of the display, as shown above.

Enter the new user ID and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge stores the new user ID and returns to the Extended menu.

Customer Name

The gauge can store a customer name of up to 12 alphanumeric characters. To enter a customer name, press 〈3〉 at the Extended menu. The gauge displays the current customer name on the second line.

3–14

Customer Name is: CUSTOMER Change Name? <YES> or <NO>

To change the customer name, press 〈YES〉. The gauge displays:

Customer Name: A

Input Name and Press <ENTER>

Press the 〈ALPHA LOCK〉 key to enable the alphabetic keys on the gauge. When the alphabetic keys are enabled, the symbol A appears in the upper right of the display, as shown above.

Enter the new name and press the 〈ENTER/START〉 key. The gauge stores the new customer name, then returns to the Extended menu.

Press 〈ESC〉 twice to return to the Ready screen.

MEASUREMENT MODE

The gauge provides two measurement modes (Soil and Asphalt) for precise readings on base asphalt, concrete, soil, soil-stone aggregate, and similar materials. The gauge can also be used to determine the density of thin-layer overlays using the Nomograph function described on page 5–10.

Before taking a measurement, select the appropriate measurement mode.

To select the measurement mode, press the 〈MODE〉 key. The gauge displays:

3. GETTING STARTED

Mode: Asphalt

1. Asphalt

2. Soil Press # to Select

NOTE

The 〈MODE〉 key is active only when the Ready screen is displayed.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 3–15

The current mode (Asphalt, Soil, or Nomograph) is displayed on the top line of the display. Use the Soil mode when measuring soil or a soil-stone aggregate. Use Asphalt mode when measuring concrete or asphalt layers of 4 inches or greater. Use the number keys to select either Asphalt or Soil mode, or refer to page 5–10 for instructions on enabling the Nomograph function for taking thin-layer measurements. The gauge enables the selected measurement mode and returns to the Ready display.

PROJECT FUNCTION

The gauge allows unique project names to be entered into the gauge memory. Subsequent measurements can then be stored under these project names. To access the Project function, press the 〈PROJ〉 key.

NOTE

The 〈PROJ〉 key is active only when the Ready screen is displayed.

Chapter 8 provides detailed instructions on the Project function.

DISPLAY BACKLIGHT

Both the Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus gauges provide a backlight for the liquid crystal display (LCD). The backlight can help the operator read the display at night. The Model 3440 Plus also features a backlit keypad; this feature is not available on the Model 3430 Plus gauge. To activate the backlight, press the 〈LIGHT〉 key.

NOTE

Using the display backlight reduces the battery life. To conserve battery life, turn the backlight off when it is not needed. Also note that the backlight turns off automatically after 3 minutes to conserve power.

3–16

NOTE

The gauge also features a hardware adjustment for the display contrast. If the gauge display is difficult to read in bright light, adjust the contrast as described in the Display Contrast section on page C–9.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 3–17

3. GETTING STARTED

NOTES

3–18

CHAPTER 4

USING THE GAUGE

This chapter explains the basic use of the Troxler Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus Surface Moisture-Density Gauges. Basic use includes taking the daily standard count, preparing measurement sites, setting the measurement mode, and taking measurements.

CONTENTS

Taking a Standard Count .............................................................. 4–2

New Standard Count .............................................................. 4–3

View Standard Counts............................................................ 4–6

Preparing a Test Site..................................................................... 4–7

Soil Site.................................................................................. 4–7

Asphalt Site............................................................................ 4–9

Taking Measurements................................................................. 4–10

Soil Mode............................................................................. 4–11

Asphalt Mode....................................................................... 4–14

Recall.......................................................................................... 4–17

4. USING THE GAUGE

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 4–1

TAKING A STANDARD COUNT

To adjust readings for source decay (see Appendix A) and natural background radiation, take a daily standard count. A four-minute daily standard count helps ensure the highest measurement accuracy.

Locate the reference standard block shipped with the gauge.

NOTE

Always take standard counts using the reference standard block provided with the gauge.

Before taking a standard count, ensure that the gauge base and reference standard block are dry and free of debris.

Choose a standard count site that meets the following criteria: ♦ A smooth surface such that the reference standard block does

not rock

♦ At least 3 meters (10 ft) from any large vertical surface ♦ At least 10 meters (33 ft) from any other radioactive source ♦ On asphalt, concrete, or compacted soil at least 10 centimeters

(4 in.) thick

Turn the gauge on. At the Ready display, press the 〈STD〉 key. The gauge displays the last standard counts for density (DS) and moisture (MS).

Standard Count DS= #### MS= #### Take New Count?

NOTE

The 〈STD〉 key is active only when the Ready screen is displayed.

 To take a new standard count, press 〈YES〉 and follow the

instructions in the New Standard Count section that follows.

 To view the last four standard counts, press 〈NO〉 and follow the

instructions in the View Standard Counts section on page 4–6.

4–2

NEW STANDARD COUNT

When taking a new standard count, the gauge displays:

Place Gauge on Std. Block & Source Rod in SAFE Pos. Press <ENTER>

Place the reference standard block on the standard count site. As shown in Figure 4–1, place the gauge on the reference standard block, with the right side (keypad side) of the gauge against the metal butt plate.

NOTE

Ensure that the source rod is in the standard (SAFE) position and is securely seated by firmly tapping down on the handle of the source rod.

Figure 4–1. Standard Count Position

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 4–3

4. USING THE GAUGE

Begin the standard count by pressing the 〈ENTER/START〉 key. The gauge displays:

Taking Standard Count ### s Remaining

After taking the standard count, the gauge displays the results:

DS= #### ##.#% P MS= #### ##.#% P Do You Want to Use the New Std.?

Troxler recommends that the operator keep a daily log of the moisture and density standard counts (see Appendix D). To verify gauge stability, compare the daily standard count to a reliable reference as follows:

♦ During the first four days of operation of a new or recalibrated

gauge, compare the daily standard count to the factorycalibrated values (which are shown on the calibration report sent with the gauge).

♦ After the first four days of operation (or after taking four

standard counts), compare the daily standard count to the average of the last four counts. Acceptable standard count limits are:

±1.0% for DS (density standard) and ±2.0% for MS (moisture standard).

If the standard count passes, record the standard counts, then press the 〈YES〉 key. The gauge returns to the Ready screen.

NOTE

The factory standard count values should be used as a reference if the daily standard counts are ever in question. Be sure to refer to the most recent calibration report for the gauge in question.

4–4

 If the standard count fails and it has been more than a month

since the last standard count, then accept the standard count by pressing the 〈YES〉 key. At the Do You Want To Erase Last Four Standard Counts? prompt, press the 〈YES〉 key. The gauge displays:

Depth Calibration Set Rod To BS.

And Press ENTER

Follow the displayed instructions, and take four additional standard counts. The last of these counts will be compared to the previous four, and the standard counts should pass. If not, repeat the procedure. If it still fails, perform a stat test (see page 5–5) and a drift test (see page 5–7), then contact your Troxler representative.

 If the standard count fails and it has been less than a month

since the last standard count, but the count was performed correctly and the failure is less than 5%, press the 〈YES〉 key. If the failure is more than 5%, press the 〈NO〉 key. Ensure that the gauge is properly positioned on the reference standard block (Figure 4–1). Verify that the standard count site meets the criteria listed on page 4–2. Take another standard count and accept it if it fails by less than 5%. If the standard count fails four times, perform a stat test (see page 5–5) and a drift test (see page 5–7), then contact your Troxler representative.

After the standard count passes, the operator can take measurements with the gauge. When not taking readings, always keep the source rod in the SAFE position. For added user safety, the source rod automatically retracts to the SAFE position when the gauge is lifted using the handle.

4. USING THE GAUGE

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 4–5

VIEW STANDARD COUNTS

To view the last four standard counts, press 〈NO〉 at the display shown at the bottom of page 4–2. The gauge displays:

Standard Count Want to View Last Four Counts? <YES> or <NO>

 Press 〈YES〉 to view the last four standard counts. The gauge

displays the last four density standard counts. Press 〈YES〉 to view the last four moisture standard counts. Press 〈ENTER/START〉 to return to the Ready screen.

 Press 〈NO〉 to return to the Ready screen.

4–6

PREPARING A TEST SITE

To ensure measurement accuracy, properly prepare the test site before taking gauge measurements. This section describes how to prepare test sites properly for soil and asphalt measurements.

SOIL SITE

 Locate a smooth site on the soil that is free from any large

holes, cracks, or debris.

 If necessary, smooth the surface by moving the scraper plate in

a back and forth motion.

 Fill any voids or depressions with fine sand or soil particles.

Strike off any excess fill.

 Place the scraper plate back on the surface and press down

slightly to level the surface.

WARNING

Under no circumstances should the source rod of the gauge be used to drill holes.

 For direct transmission measurements:

 Put the drill rod through the extraction tool and then through

one of the guides on the scraper plate (Figure 4–2).

 Wear safety glasses and a radiation dosimeter.  Place the drill rod assembly on the test site.  Step on the scraper plate.  Hammer the drill rod at least 50 mm (2 in.) deeper than the

desired test depth. The drill rod increments include the additional depth.

 Before removing the drill rod, mark the outline of the scraper

plate as shown in Figure 4–3 to ensure the gauge is placed over the same area as the scraper plate.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 4–7

4. USING THE GAUGE

Figure 4–2. Drill Rod Assembly

 Remove the drill rod by pulling straight up and twisting the

extraction tool. Do not loosen the drill rod by tapping from side to side with a hammer. Also, do not rock the extraction tool from side to side. This will distort the hole or cause loose material to fall into the hole.

 Carefully pick up the scraper plate.

EDGE

PLATE CENTER

MARKSMARK FOR SCRAPER

4–8

SCRAPER

PLATE

METHOD 1

SCRAPER

MARK FOR DRILL ROD CENTER

PLATE

METHOD 2

Figure 4–3. Marking the Test Area

ASPHALT SITE

This also applies to hardened concrete sites and soil.

NOTE

These directions also apply to taking a backscatter measurement on soil.

 Locate a smooth site on the asphalt.

 Fill the voids on open mixes with sand or cement. The gauge

base must rest on the asphalt, not the fill material!

 Ensure that the gauge does not rock. To ensure accurate

readings, the gauge base must be completely in contact with the test material. If the gauge rocks, then find a more suitable test site. If taking a measurement around a core, the gauge may be moved a few inches away from the core to level it.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 4–9

4. USING THE GAUGE

TAKING MEASUREMENTS

WARNING

When not taking readings, always keep the source rod in the SAFE (shielded) position. For added user safety, the source rod automatically retracts to the SAFE position when the gauge is lifted by the handle.

If you do not hear a click when the gauge is raised to the SAFE position, look at the bottom of the gauge to verify that the tungsten sliding block is completely closed. If the gauge base opening is not completely closed by the sliding block, the block may require cleaning. Refer to page A–11 for cleaning instructions.

WARNING

Do not store or transport the gauge unless the sliding block is completely closed. Increased radiation levels may cause excessive personnel radiation exposure and may violate transportation regulations.

The Status function (see page 3–9) allows the operator to view selected information concerning the current gauge status and setup. To access the Status function, press the 〈STATUS〉 key. Check the gauge’s current status before taking measurements.

Remember to take a standard count at least once each day the gauge is to be used (see page 4–2). Note that some states may require that a standard count be taken more frequently than once per day.

The gauge can store measurement results in files (memory locations) called projects. For information on creating and activating project files, refer to Chapter 8. Upon completion of a measurement, the results can be stored either automatically by enabling the Auto-Store function (see page 8–12) or manually by using the Store function (see page 8–14).

4–10

SOIL MODE

To measure the moisture and density of soil, soil-stone aggregate, and similar materials, follow the steps below:

 Select the Soil mode (see page 3–15).

 If desired, enter, change, or enable the Proctor value as

described in Chapter 6.

 Prepare the test site as described on page 4–7.

 Place the gauge on the test area.

 Insert the source rod into the hole made by the drill rod. Use

care when inserting the source rod. Try not to disturb the soil around the hole.

 Lower the source rod to the measurement depth. Release the

trigger. Gently push the handle down to lock the source rod into position. You should hear a click when the source rod locks into position.

 Gently slide the gauge to the right (towards the keypad) so the

source rod makes contact with the wall of the hole.

 Press the 〈ENTER/START〉 key.

 In the Manual depth mode (see page 5–4), the gauge

prompts for the source rod depth. Enter the source rod depth using the number keys. For example, with the source rod in the backscatter position, press 〈0〉. Then press 〈ENTER/START〉.

 In the Automatic depth mode (available only on the Model

3440 Plus), the gauge software determines the source rod depth automatically.

 Note that the Proctor value is based on soil particles 3/8

inches or less in diameter (or those passing a #4 sieve). If an unusual reading is obtained and oversize particles are suspected, rotate the gauge 90°. Use the same drill hole to take a second reading.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 4–11

4. USING THE GAUGE

 The gauge displays the time remaining while taking a

measurement.

 After the count time, the gauge displays the measurement

results:

%PR= ###.#  DD= ##.# WD= ###.# M= ##.# %M= ##.#

Lat: +hh mm ss.ss  Lng: -hh mm ss.ss

where: %PR = percent Proctor %M = percent moisture

DD = dry density Lat = latitude WD = wet density Lng = longitude M = moisture

NOTE

The latitude and longitude display, showing the location of the measurement, is available only on Model 3440 Plus gauges equipped with the GPS option and is shown only when this option is enabled.

The latitude and longitude values denote the quality of the location fix. If WAAS information is available during a gauge measurement, the latitude and longitude will be displayed to the nearest hundredth (1/100) of a second. If a GPS location is determined, but the WAAS information is unavailable, the latitude and longitude will be displayed to the nearest tenth (1/10) of a second. If the GPS receiver cannot determine a location, the latitude and longitude will be denoted as 0. For more information on GPS accuracy, see Appendix I.

4–12

 If a project is active (see Chapter 8) and the Auto-Store

 If a project is active but the Auto-Store function is not

enabled:  Press 〈STORE〉

to enter location information and/or notes. For more information on storing results manually, see page 8–14.

 Press 〈ESC〉 to return to the Ready screen without

storing the results. Note that, until another measurement has been taken, the results can be recalled as described on page 4–17 and stored later.

 Lift the gauge from the test site by the source rod handle. This

returns the source rod to the SAFE position. When not taking readings, always keep the source rod in the SAFE position.

to store the results. Follow the prompts

4. USING THE GAUGE

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 4–13

ASPHALT MODE

To measure the density of asphalt (and hardened concrete of 4 inches or more) follow the steps below:

 Select the Asphalt mode (see page 3–15).

 If desired, enter or enable the Marshall value and/or voidless

density value as described in Chapter 6.

 Prepare the test site as described on page 4–9.

 Place the gauge on the test area.

 Lower the source rod to the backscatter position (just below the

SAFE position). Release the trigger. Gently push the handle down to lock the source rod into position. You should hear a click when the source rod locks into position.

 Press the 〈START〉 key.

 In the Manual depth mode (see page 5–4), the gauge

prompts for the source rod depth. Enter the source rod depth using the number keys. For example, with the source rod in the backscatter position, press 〈0〉. Then, press 〈ENTER/START〉.

 In the Automatic depth mode (available only on the Model

3440 Plus), the gauge software determines the source rod depth automatically.

 The gauge displays the time remaining while taking a

measurement.

4–14

 After the count time, the gauge displays the measurement

results:

%Gmb= ###.#  WD= ###.# M= ##.# %M= ##.# %Voids= ###.#

Lat: +hh mm ss.ss  Lng: -hh mm ss.ss

where:

%Gmb = percent of laboratory bulk density WD = wet density M = moisture value %M = percent moisture

−×=

1100%Voids

Voidless

⎛ ⎜

⎝

(displayed only when enabled)

⎞ ⎟

⎠

Lat = latitude Lng = longitude

NOTE

The latitude and longitude display, showing the location of the measurement, is available only on Model 3440 Plus gauges equipped with the GPS option and is shown only when this option is enabled.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 4–15

4. USING THE GAUGE

 If a project is active (see Chapter 8) and the Auto-Store

function (see page 8–12) is enabled, press 〈ESC〉 or 〈ENTER/START〉 to continue. For each measurement, the gauge can store a location description of up to 12 characters, as well as a note of up to 15 characters. For an Asphalt mode measurement, the gauge can also store location with respect to the centerline (left, right, or neither), and the distance from the centerline. Follow the prompts to enter location information and/or a note.

 If a project is active but the Auto-Store function is not

enabled:  Press 〈STORE〉

to enter location information and/or notes. For more information on storing results manually, see page 8–14.

 Press 〈ESC〉 to return to the Ready screen without

storing the results. Note that, until another measurement has been taken, the results can be recalled as described on page 4–17.

 Lift the gauge from the test site using the source rod handle.

This returns the source rod to the SAFE position. When not taking readings, always keep the source rod in the SAFE position.

to store the results. Follow the prompts

4–16

RECALL

To view the results of the most recent measurement, press the 〈RECALL〉 key from the Ready screen. To return to the Ready screen, press the 〈ENTER/START〉 key.

NOTE

The 〈RECALL〉 key is active only when the Ready screen is displayed.

NOTE

The Recall function can also be used to view the gauge counts from the most recent measurement.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 4–17

4. USING THE GAUGE

NOTES

4–18

CHAPTER 5

SETUP MENU

The gauge software includes a Setup menu that allows the operator to manually set or change operating parameters of the gauge. This chapter describes these parameters.

CONTENTS

Setup Menu................................................................................... 5–3

Count Time................................................................................... 5–4

Set Units........................................................................................ 5–4

Depth Mode.................................................................................. 5–4

Stat Test........................................................................................ 5–5

Taking a Stat Test................................................................... 5–5

Reviewing the Stat Test.......................................................... 5–6

Printing the Stat Test.............................................................. 5–6

Drift Test....................................................................................... 5–7

Taking a Drift Test................................................................. 5–8

Reviewing the Drift Test........................................................ 5–9

Printing the Drift Test ............................................................ 5–9

Nomograph................................................................................. 5–10

Enable Nomograph............................................................... 5–11

Disable Nomograph.............................................................. 5–11

Change/View Nomograph Data ........................................... 5–11

Taking Nomograph Measurements...................................... 5–14

5. SETUP MENU

Model 3450 5–1

CONTENTS (Continued)

Precision......................................................................................5–15

Options........................................................................................5–17

External Beeper.....................................................................5–17

GPS Option...........................................................................5–17

Battery Status ..............................................................................5–18

Percent Air Voids (Soil Mode)....................................................5–19

5–2

SETUP MENU

The gauge software groups most of the setup features into one menu. To access the Setup menu, press the 〈SETUP〉 key. The gauge displays:

-Setup- 

1. Count Time

2. Set Units

3. Depth Mode

-Setup- 

4. Stat Test

5. Drift Test

6. Nomograph

-Setup- 

7. Precision

8. Options

9. Battery Status

5. SETUP MENU

-Setup-  .0-% Voids (soil)

NOTE

The 〈SETUP〉 key is active only when the Ready screen is displayed.

Use the arrows keys to scroll through the menu screens. To select a menu option, use the number key that corresponds to that option. The remainder of this section provides details on the functions available from the Setup menu.

Model 3450 5–3

COUNT TIME

The gauge provides three different count times for taking measurements. The Count Time function is described on page 3–9.

SET UNITS

The gauge can display measurement results in either U.S. units (pcf) or metric (SI) units (kg/m described on page 3–10.

or g/cm3). The Set Units function is

DEPTH MODE

The Model 3440 Plus gauge offers two depth modes: Automatic and Manual. The Depth Mode function allows the operator to set the

depth mode, as described on page 3–10.

5–4

STAT TEST

Erratic readings, or readings that seem to fluctuate, may indicate a problem with the gauge. If the readings are suspect, perform a stat test, or statistical stability test, to validate the normal operation of the gauge.

A stat test consists of twenty 1-minute counts. From the twenty counts, the gauge calculates the standard deviation. This standard deviation is compared to a theoretical standard deviation value. Ideally, this ratio should be 0.25, with acceptable limits from 0.17 to

0.33. The gauge is considered unstable if the ratio is outside these limits and the stat test will fail. If the stat test fails, ensure that the gauge setup and testing was conducted correctly, and take an additional test. If the second test fails, contact the nearest Troxler service center for assistance. For a list of Troxler and authorized Troxler service centers, refer to page iii of this manual or visit the Troxler website at www.troxlerlabs.com/SERVICES/services.shtml

To access the Stat Test function, press 〈4〉 at the Setup menu. The gauge displays the Stat Test menu:

5. SETUP MENU

1. Take STAT Test

2. Review STAT Test

3. Print STAT Test <ESC> to Exit

To select a menu option, press the corresponding numeric key or press 〈ESC〉 to return to the Setup menu.

TAKING A STAT TEST

Choose an area free of other nuclear gauges or radioactive sources. Place the gauge on the reference standard block as shown in Figure 4–1 on page 4–3.

To take a new stat test, press 〈1〉 at the Stat Test menu shown above. The gauge prompts the operator to place the gauge on the reference standard block with the source rod in the SAFE (shielded) position. Ensure that the gauge is properly positioned and press the 〈ENTER/START〉 key.

Model 3450 5–5

The gauge displays the progress of the stat test (twenty 1-minute counts). Upon completion of the counts, the gauge displays the results of the density stat test, including an indication of whether the test passed or failed:

Density Stat Test Avg. Counts: #### R: #.### (PASS) <ENTER> for Moist.

Press 〈ENTER/START〉 to view the results of the moisture stat test. Follow the prompts to scroll through the results.

REVIEWING THE STAT TEST

To review the results of the last stat test, press 〈2〉 at the Stat Test menu shown on page 5–5. The gauge displays the results of the density stat test as shown above. Press 〈ENTER/START〉 to view the results of the moisture stat test. Follow the prompts to scroll through the results.

PRINTING THE STAT TEST

To print the results of the last stat test to a serial printer or computer via the gauge’s 9-pin serial port, press 〈3〉 at the Stat Test menu shown on page 5–5. The gauge prompts the operator to connect the printer to the gauge.

Connect a serial cable to the gauge’s serial port. Ensure that the serial cable meets the pinout shown on page F–6. An optional serial cable, PN 113128, is available from Troxler. Connect the serial cable to the printer or computer serial port.

Press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge prints or uploads the stat test data and returns to the Stat Test menu.

5–6

DRIFT TEST

If the gauge passes the stat test, but shows long-term drift between measurements, perform a drift test to check the long-term drift of the gauge. A drift test consists of five counts taken three to eight hours after a stat test with no movement of the gauge between tests. The gauge sets the pass/fail limits based on the percent difference between the average of the stat test and drift test results. If the percent difference exceeds 0.5 percent for density counts or 1 percent for moisture counts, then the drift test fails. If the drift test fails, ensure that the gauge setup and testing were conducted correctly, and take an additional test. If the second test fails, contact the nearest Troxler service center for assistance. For a list of Troxler and authorized Troxler service centers, refer to page iii of this manual or visit the Troxler website at www.troxlerlabs.com/SERVICES/services.shtml

NOTE

The drift test consists of five 4-minute counts, whereas the stat test consists of twenty 1-minute counts. Therefore, each test takes approximately 20 minutes to conduct.

DO NOT turn the gauge off between a stat test and a drift test.

DO NOT move the gauge between the stat and drift tests to eliminate possible failure due to positioning changes.

To access the Drift Test function, press 〈5〉 at the Setup menu. The gauge displays the Drift Test menu:

5. SETUP MENU

1. Take Drift Test

2. Review Drift Test

3. Print Drift Test <ESC> to Exit

To select a menu option, press the corresponding numeric key or press 〈ESC〉 to return to the Setup menu.

Model 3450 5–7

TAKING A DRIFT TEST

To take a new drift test, press 〈1〉 at the Drift Test menu shown on page 5–7. The gauge prompts the operator to place the gauge on the reference standard block with the source rod in the SAFE (shielded) position. Ensure that the gauge is properly positioned and press the

〈ENTER/START〉 key.

NOTE

If it has been less than three hours or more than eight hours since the last stat test, the gauge displays an error message. Press 〈ENTER/START〉 to return to the Setup menu.

The gauge displays the progress of the drift test (five 4-minute counts). Upon completion of the counts, the gauge displays the results of the density drift test, including an indication of whether the test passed or failed:

Density Drift Test Avg. Counts: #### R: #.### (PASS) <ENTER> for Moist.

Press 〈ENTER/START〉 to view the results of the moisture drift test. Follow the prompts to scroll through the results.

5–8

REVIEWING THE DRIFT TEST

To review the results of the drift stat test, press 〈2〉 at the Drift Test menu shown on page 5–7. The gauge displays the results of the density drift test as shown on page 5–8. Press 〈ENTER/START〉 to view the results of the moisture drift test. Follow the prompts to scroll through the results.

PRINTING THE DRIFT TEST

To print the results of the last drift test to a serial printer or computer via the gauge’s 9-pin serial port, press 〈3〉 at the Drift Test menu shown on page 5–7. The gauge prompts the operator to connect the printer to the gauge.

Press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge prints or uploads the drift test data and returns to the Drift Test menu.

5. SETUP MENU

Model 3450 5–9

NOMOGRAPH

In some cases, the gauge may be used to determine the density of thin asphalt overlays. This measurement may be performed with the gauge in backscatter mode and using the Nomograph method of density measurement. It should be noted that this method is not as accurate as a true thin-layer gauge. However, this method may produce satisfactory results under many conditions.

When a nuclear gauge is used in backscatter mode on overlays under 3 in. (7.5 cm), several effects must be overcome to produce an accurate reading. With most gauges, the primary problem is the result of photons from the source penetrating deeper than 3 in. (7.5 cm) and scattering back to the gauge. These backscattered photons from the underlying material will adversely influence the reading.

Obtaining an accurate overlay density with the Nomograph method requires that the density of the bottom layer and the thickness of the top layer be determined. The simplest method of determining the density of the bottom layer is to take a nuclear gauge measurement prior to applying the top layer or overlay. With the overlay applied and compacted, the depth of the layer should be determined. At this time, the gauge may be used to calculate the overlay layer density.

To access the Nomograph function, press 〈6〉 at the Setup menu shown on page 5–3. The gauge displays:

Nomograph: OFF

1. Enable

2. Disable

3. Chg/View Data

From this menu, the operator may enable, disable, or change the Nomograph function, as described in the following sections.

5–10

ENABLE NOMOGRAPH

To enable the Nomograph function, press 〈1〉 at the Nomograph menu shown on page 5–10. The gauge enables the function, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the Setup menu.

DISABLE NOMOGRAPH

To disable the Nomograph function, press 〈2〉 at the Nomograph menu shown on page 5–10. The gauge disables the function, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the Setup menu.

CHANGE/VIEW NOMOGRAPH DATA

To change or view the Nomograph data, press 〈3〉 at the Nomograph menu shown on page 5–10. The gauge displays:

5. SETUP MENU

Thickness: #.## in Density: ##.# pcf Do You Want to Change?

To return to the Setup menu without changing the Nomograph data, press 〈NO〉.

To change the Nomograph data, press 〈YES〉. The gauge displays:

Select Method of Entering Density

1. Keypad

2. Measure

The wet density of the underlying or base material may be entered either manually using the keypad or by using the gauge to record actual measurements.

Model 3450 5–11

Entering Density Using the Keypad

To enter the density using the keypad, press 〈1〉 at the Select Method of Entering Density display shown on page 5–11. The

gauge displays:

Overlay Thickness #.## in

Input and <ENTER>

Enter the thickness of the overlay (from 0 to 10 in.) and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge displays:

Bottom Density #.# pcf

Input and <ENTER>

Enter the wet density of the bottom layer. The gauge enables the Nomograph function using the entered values, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the Setup menu.

Entering Density Using Gauge Measurements

Bottom density values may be obtained by using the gauge to record up to 20 actual measurements. To enter the density using this method, press 〈2〉 at the Select Method of Entering Density menu shown on page 5–11. The gauge displays:

# of Readings to Average (1-20)? # Input and <ENTER>

5–12

Enter the number of readings to be taken and averaged, then press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge displays:

Readings: # Time: # m Place Rod to BS & Press <START>

Prepare the site for measurement as described on page 4–9. Position the gauge and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge displays:

Nomograph Reading: 1 Depth: BS Time: ## s

After counting down to zero, the gauge displays:

5. SETUP MENU

Reading: 1 WD= ### pcf Move Gauge and Press <START>

If more than one reading is to be taken, move the gauge to the next location and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge will repeat the above sequence for each reading. When all the readings are completed, the display will be:

Average of # Readings ### pcf Press <ENTER>

Press 〈ENTER/START〉 to continue. The gauge enables the Nomograph function, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the Setup menu.

Model 3450 5–13

TAKING NOMOGRAPH MEASUREMENTS

When the Nomograph function is enabled, the gauge can be used to take thin-layer overlay measurements. Press 〈ENTER/START〉 to begin the test. The gauge displays:

Depth: BS in

( Nomograph ) Time: xx s

After counting down to zero, the display is:

%Gmb= #### WD= ## ( Nomograph )

This test may be stored as any other test measurement. The recall function and/or printout will show that the Nomograph function was used.

NOTE

The Nomograph function should be disabled before taking any measurements not requiring this function.

5–14

PRECISION

The gauge can produce test results with precision limits as low as

0.1 pcf (1.6 kg/m is used to determine the count time required to achieve the precision entered by the operator. If the precision requested is within range and the time required to calculate the required result does not exceed 60 minutes, the following procedure can usually produce the required results.

To execute the Precision function, first ensure that the gauge is in the correct mode: Soil or Asphalt. Press 〈7〉 from the Setup menu shown on page 5–3. The gauge displays:

Enter the desired precision and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge displays:

) under certain conditions. The Precision function

Precision #.# pcf

<ENTER> to Continue

5. SETUP MENU

Index: 0 in

<ENTER> to Select <0> for BS

If the gauge is in the correct position, press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge displays:

Depth: # in 1 min. count

<ENTER> to Continue

Model 3450 5–15

Press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge displays:

Precision Mode Depth: # in Time: ## s # min. count

After counting down to zero, the display will be:

## min. to reach precision. <ESC> to Abort <ENTER> to Continue

To abort this operation and return to the Setup menu, press 〈ESC〉. To continue with the Precision function, press 〈ENTER/START〉. After counting down, the display will be:

(For Soil mode)

%PR= ###.# DD= ###.# WD= ###.# M= ##.# %M= ##.#

(For Asphalt mode)

%Gmb= ###.# WD= ###.# M= ##.# %M= ##.# %Voids= ###.#

NOTE

If the required precision cannot be reached in 60 minutes, the gauge halts the count and displays a warning message.

5–16

OPTIONS

The Model 3440 Plus gauge offers an external beeper and an optional global positioning system (GPS) unit. These features can be toggled on and off from the Options menu. To access this menu, press 〈8〉 from the Setup menu (see page 5–3). The gauge displays:

-Options-

1. Ext. Beeper - OFF

2. GPS - OFF

EXTERNAL BEEPER

The Model 3440 Plus gauge is equipped with an external beeper. The external beeper can be enabled or disabled as desired. To toggle the external beeper on or off, press 〈1〉 on the Options menu shown above.

GPS OPTION

The Model 3440 Plus gauge can also be equipped with an optional global positioning system (GPS) receiver. The GPS receiver enables the gauge to store precise GPS coordinates, along with the standard date and time stamp, for each measurement.

To toggle the GPS function on or off, press 〈2〉 on the Options menu shown above.

NOTE

When the GPS option is installed and enabled, the symbol g appears in the upper right of the Ready screen (see page 3–7) when the gauge is receiving GPS satellite signals.

5. SETUP MENU

Model 3450 5–17

BATTERY STATUS

The Battery Status function displays the voltage of the NiMH batteries, the charge percentage, and the status of the charge calibration. To access this function, press 〈9〉 at the Setup menu shown on page 5–3.

For more information, see the Battery Status section on page C–10. For more information on the charge calibration, see page C–12.

5–18

PERCENT AIR VOIDS (SOIL MODE)

The gauge uses the specific gravity function to calculate percent air voids and void ratio in Soil mode only. The % Voids function allows the operator to enter the specific gravity of a material and disable or enable the percent air voids display.

NOTE

To display percent air voids in Asphalt mode, enter a voidless density target value (see the Target Values section that begins on page 6–3.

To access the % Voids function, press 〈.〉 〈0〉 at the Setup menu shown on page 5–3. The gauge displays:

% Voids (soil): OFF SG: #.##

1. Enable 2. Disable

3. Change Target

5. SETUP MENU

The current specific gravity (default 2.70) is shown on the second line of the display. For optimum results, use a specific gravity value that is appropriate for the material being measured.

 To enable the current specific gravity value, press 〈1〉. The

gauge enables the value, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the Setup menu.

 To disable the current specific gravity, press 〈2〉. The gauge

disables the value, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the Setup menu.

 To enter a new specific gravity value, press 〈3〉. The gauge

prompts the operator for a new specific gravity. If the displayed specific gravity is acceptable, press the 〈ENTER/START〉 key. To change the value, use the numeric keys to do so, then press the 〈ENTER/START〉 key. In either case, the gauge enables the value, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the Setup menu.

Model 3450 5–19

NOTES

5–20

CHAPTER 6

TARGET MENU

The Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus Surface Moisture-Density Gauges can store up to four Marshall values, four different Proctor values, and four voidless density target values. The gauge uses the target values to determine the percent compaction after it has determined the density of the test material.

CONTENTS

Target Menu.................................................................................. 6–2

Target Values................................................................................ 6–3

Enable a Target Value............................................................ 6–3

Store a New Target Value......................................................6–4

Disable the Target Value........................................................6–4

6. TARGET MENU

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 6–1

TARGET MENU

The gauge uses operator-specified target values to determine the percent compaction after it has determined the density of the test material. Target values include Gmb (Marshal)l, Proctor, and Gmm (Voidless density) values.

The gauge uses the Marshall and/or voidless density values to calculate the compaction level in the Asphalt mode. The voidless density is the maximum theoretical density for the test material as obtained in laboratory tests. When enabled, the voidless density is used to determine the percent air voids.

The gauge uses the Proctor value to calculate the compaction level when taking measurements in the Soil mode.

The Target function enables the operator to enter and store a new target value, as well as to enable or disable a target value stored in memory. To access the Target menu, press the 〈TARGET〉 key. The gauge displays:

-Target-

1. Gmb(Marshall)

2. Proctor

3. Gmm(Voidless)

NOTE

The 〈TARGET〉 key is active only when the Ready screen is displayed.

To edit a Marshall, Proctor, or voidless density value, press the number key that corresponds to that target value. For example, to edit the Gmb (Marshall) value, press 〈1〉.

6–2

TARGET VALUES

NOTE

Because the menus for managing the Gmb (Marshall), Proctor, and Gmm (Voidless density) values are essentially the same, the following sections describe only the Gmb (Marshall) menu.

To edit a Marshall, Proctor, or voidless density value, press the number key that corresponds to that target value, as shown on the Target menu (see page 6–2). For example, to edit the Gmb (Marshall) value, press 〈1〉.

The gauge displays the selected Target Value menu. The menu for the Gmb (Marshall) value is:

Gmb: ##.# pcf 1: ##.# 2: ##.# 3: ##.# 4: ##.# 5: New 6: Disable

6. TARGET MENU

The Target Value menu shows the target values stored in memory (if any) and the New and Disable options.

ENABLE A TARGET VALUE

To enable a target value displayed on the Target Value menu, press the corresponding number key. The gauge enables the target value and returns to the Ready screen.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 6–3

STORE A NEW TARGET VALUE

To store a new target value, press 〈5〉 at the Target Value menu. At the prompt, use the number keys to enter the target value (between

20.0 and 200.0). Press the 〈ENTER/START〉 key. The gauge displays:

Gmb: ##.# pcf Save This Value for Later Use?

 To enable and use this value without storing it for later use,

press 〈NO〉 key. The gauge enables the value and returns to the Ready screen.

 To enable the value and store it for later use, press the 〈YES〉

key. The gauge displays:

Select Memory Cell: 1: ##.# 2: ##.# 3: ##.# 4: ##.# Press # to Select

The gauge can store the value in one of four memory cells. Storing a new value in a cell erases the old value. Use the number keys to store the value. This will replace any stored values that were previously associated with the memory cell. The gauge stores the target value, enables it for use, and returns to the Ready screen.

DISABLE THE TARGET VALUE

To disable the target value, press 〈6〉 at the Target Value menu. The gauge disables the target value and returns to the Ready screen.

NOTE

The gauge can be used with the target value disabled. In this case, no percent compaction value will be displayed.

6–4

CHAPTER 7

CALIBRATION OFFSETS

Troxler calibrates the Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus Surface Moisture-Density Gauges for use on soils, asphalt, and concrete. If the gauge is to be used on materials outside of the typical operating range, the operator can adjust the gauge using an offset. This chapter explains how to adjust gauge readings using offsets.

CONTENTS

Offset Menu.................................................................................. 7–2

Density Offset............................................................................... 7–3

Moisture Offset............................................................................. 7–4

Enable a Stored Moisture Offset............................................ 7–4

Enter a New Moisture Offset ................................................. 7–4

Disable the Moisture Offset ................................................... 7–7

Trench Offset................................................................................ 7–8

7. CALIBRATION OFFSETS

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 7–1

OFFSET MENU

Troxler calibrates each gauge at the factory for use on soils, asphalt, and concrete. The operating range of the gauge is 1100 to 2700

kg/m

(approximately 70 to 170 pcf). If the gauge is to be used on materials outside of this range, the operator can adjust the gauge using an offset.

The gauge provides three offsets: density, moisture, and trench.

Use a density offset if the test material is outside the range of material composition and/or texture used during factory calibration.

Use a moisture offset if the test material contains hydrogen in forms other than water, or is high in neutron absorbers. Examples of hydrogen-rich materials are cement, gypsum, coal, mica, and lime. The moisture offset for soils containing these materials is a negative value. If the material is high in neutron-absorbing material, such as boron, cadmium, or chlorine, the offset must be a positive value.

Perform a trench offset before taking measurements inside a trench or close vertical structures. Vertical structures scatter neutrons and gamma photons back to the gauge. This scattering could result in inaccurate moisture and density readings.

NOTE

When the gauge is turned off, all offsets are disabled.

To access the Offset menu, press 〈OFFSET〉. The gauge displays:

-Offset-

1. Density OFF

2. Moisture OFF

3. Trench OFF

NOTE

The 〈OFFSET〉 key is active only when the Ready screen is displayed.

To select a menu option, press the corresponding number key. The remainder of this chapter details the functions available from the Offset menu.

7–2

DENSITY OFFSET

The density offset is the difference between the gauge reading and the density as measured by an alternate method. Wet density values should always be used for this comparison.

To access the Density Offset menu, press 〈1〉 at the Offset menu shown above. The gauge displays:

Density Offset #.# pcf

1. Enable 2. Disable

3. Change Offset

The gauge displays the current density offset on the second line.

 To enable the displayed density offset, press 〈1〉. The gauge

enables the offset, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the Ready screen.

 To disable the density offset, press 〈2〉. The gauge disables the

offset, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the

Ready screen.

NOTE

The density offset is also disabled when the gauge is turned off.

 To enter a new density offset, press 〈3〉. The gauge prompts for

the density offset as shown:

7. CALIBRATION OFFSETS

Density Offset #.# pcf Select (+/-) Input and <ENTER>

To change the offset, select the offset sign (positive or negative), enter the density offset, and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge enables the new density offset and returns to the Ready screen.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 7–3

MOISTURE OFFSET

The moisture offset (k) is determined by comparing the moisture of a laboratory sample with the gauge moisture reading. The gauge allows the operator to enter the moisture offset manually, or to have the gauge derive the moisture offset. The gauge can store up to four moisture offsets.

To access the Moisture Offset menu, press 〈2〉 at the Offset menu shown on page 7–2. The gauge displays:

Moisture Offset 1: #.## 2: #.## 3: #.## 4: #.## 5: New 6: Disable

The Moisture Offset menu shows the moisture offset values stored in memory (if any) and the New and Disable options.

ENABLE A STORED MOISTURE OFFSET

To enable a moisture offset value displayed on the Moisture Offset menu, press the number key that corresponds to that value.

The gauge enables the moisture offset value and returns to the

Ready screen.

ENTER A NEW MOISTURE OFFSET

A new moisture offset may be entered either manually using the keypad or by using the gauge to record actual measurements, then entering the true moisture value as determined by an alternate method. To enter and enable a new moisture offset value, press 〈5〉 at the Moisture Offset menu shown above. The gauge displays:

7–4

Select Offset Source

1. Manual Entry

2. Gauge Derived

Enter Moisture Offset (Manual Entry)

To enter a new moisture value manually via the keypad, first determine the true moisture content of a sample taken at the measurement site using standard laboratory methods (for example, oven drying, and so on).

Take multiple readings at or near the location where the sample was removed and record the moisture measurements. Calculate the average moisture of the readings to determine the gauge moisture content.

To enter the moisture offset manually, press 〈1〉 at the Select Offset Source menu shown on page 7–4. The gauge request the true moisture value as shown:

True Moisture % #.##

Press <ENTER>

Enter the true moisture value and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge requests the gauge moisture value as shown:

7. CALIBRATION OFFSETS

Gauge Moisture % #.##

Press <ENTER>

Enter the gauge moisture value and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge calculates and displays the moisture offset (K) as shown:

K: #.## Save This Value for Later Use?

 To enable and use this moisture offset without storing it for later

use, press 〈NO〉. The gauge enables the offset and returns to the Ready screen.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 7–5

 To enable the moisture offset and store it for later use, press

〈YES〉. The gauge displays:

Select Memory Cell: 1: ##.# 2: ##.# 3: ##.# 4: ##.# Press # to Select

The gauge can store the value in one of four memory cells. Storing a new value in a cell erases the old value. Use the number keys to store the value. This will replace any stored values that were previously associated with the memory cell. The gauge stores the moisture offset, enables it for use, and returns to the Ready screen.

Gauge-Derived Moisture Offset

To allow the gauge to derive the moisture offset, the operator must determine the true moisture content of a sample taken at the measurement site using standard laboratory methods (for example, oven drying, and so on), then take readings with the gauge.

To use this method of determining the moisture offset, press 〈2〉 at the Select Offset Source menu shown on page 7–4. The gauge request the true moisture value as shown:

True Moisture % #.##

Press <ENTER>

Enter the true moisture value and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge displays:

Place gauge on soil, lower rod and press any key

7–6

As prompted, place the gauge on the measurement site and press any key. The gauge takes a 240-second count, during which it displays the progress of the count. Upon completion, the gauge calculates and displays the moisture offset (K) as shown:

K: ##.## Save This Value for Later Use?

 To enable and use this moisture offset without storing it for later

use, press 〈NO〉. The gauge enables the offset and returns to the Ready screen.

 To enable the moisture offset and store it for later use, press

〈YES〉. The gauge displays:

Select Memory Cell: 1: ##.# 2: ##.# 3: ##.# 4: ##.# Press # to Select

7. CALIBRATION OFFSETS

The gauge can store the value in one of four memory cells. Storing a new value in a cell erases the old value. Use the number keys to store the value. This will replace any stored values that were previously associated with the memory cell. The gauge stores the moisture offset, enables it for use, and returns to the Ready screen.

DISABLE THE MOISTURE OFFSET

To disable the moisture offset value, press 〈6〉 at the Moisture Offset menu shown on page 7–4. The gauge disables the moisture offset and returns to the Ready screen.

NOTE

The mositure offset is also disabled when the gauge is turned off.

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 7–7

TRENCH OFFSET

To use the gauge in a trench or within 0.6 m (2 ft) of a large vertical surface, first perform a trench offset. The trench offset adjusts all moisture measurements and density measurements from backscatter to 4 inches. For direct transmission measurements over 4 inches deep, the gauge will only adjust the moisture measurements. In the displays shown below, M refers to trench moisture offset; D refers to trench density offset values.

NOTE

Before determining a new trench offset, ensure that a standard count has been performed recently outside the trench.

To access the Trench Offset menu, press 〈3〉 at the Offset menu shown on page 7–2. The gauge displays:

Trench Offset M: # D: #

1. Enable 2. Disable

3. Change Offset

The gauge displays the current offset values on the second line.

 To enable the displayed trench offset, press 〈1〉. The gauge

enables the offset, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the Ready screen.

 To disable the trench offset, press 〈2〉. The gauge disables the

offset, displays a brief confirmation message, and returns to the

Ready screen.

NOTE

The trench offset is also disabled when the gauge is turned off.

7–8

 To enter a new trench offset, press 〈3〉. The gauge displays:

Place Gauge in trench on Std. block in SAFE Pos. Press <START>

Select a position inside the trench and the same distance from the wall as the test measurements. Place the gauge on the standard block in this position, set the source rod to the SAFE position, and press 〈ENTER/START〉. The gauge performs a trench count, calculates the trench moisture and density offset values, enables the trench offset, and returns to the Ready screen.

7. CALIBRATION OFFSETS

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 7–9

NOTES

7–10

CHAPTER 8

PROJECT DATA

The Model 3430 Plus and 3440 Plus Surface Moisture-Density Gauges allow unique project names to be entered into the gauge memory. Subsequent measurements can then be stored under these project names. This chapter describes how to handle project data.

CONTENTS

Project Menu................................................................................. 8–2

Select............................................................................................. 8–3

View.............................................................................................. 8–4

Create a Project............................................................................. 8–5

Erase Projects................................................................................ 8–6

Output Project............................................................................... 8–7

Set Output Destination................................................................ 8–10

Deactivate................................................................................... 8–11

Auto-Store................................................................................... 8–12

Active Project Selected ........................................................ 8–12

No Project Data.................................................................... 8–13

No Project Selected.............................................................. 8–13

Manual Store............................................................................... 8–14

8. PROJECT DATA

Model 3430 Plus & 3440 Plus 8–1

PROJECT MENU

The gauge can store approximately 750 readings. The Project and Store functions allow handling of measurement data. Measurement

results are stored in files (memory locations) called projects, which are named by the operator. Projects are managed using the Projects menu. From this menu, the operator can select a project (make an existing project active so that additional data may be added to it), view project data, create a new project, erase projects, output project data to the selected destination (via the serial or USB port), deactivate a project, and enable the Auto-Store function.

To access the Projects menu, press 〈PROJ〉. The gauge displays:

-Projects- 

1. Select

2. View

3. Create

-Projects- 

4. Erase

5. Output Project

6. Set Output Dest.

-Projects- 

7. Deactivate

8. Auto-Store

NOTE

The 〈PROJ〉 key is active only when the Ready screen is displayed.

Use the arrow keys to scroll through the menu options. Use the numeric keys to select a menu option. Press 〈ESC〉 to return to the Ready screen.

8–2

TROXLER 3430 Plus, 3440 Plus User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

TROXLER SERVICE CENTERS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

INTRODUCTION

GAUGE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES

UNPACKING AND INSPECTION

DENSITY

MOISTURE

CALIBRATION

OFFSETS

GAUGE ILLUSTRATION

CONTROL PANEL

SOURCE ROD POSITIONS

DAILY INSPECTION

TURNING THE GAUGE ON

SETUP

SETUP MENU

Count Time

Set Units

Depth Mode

EXTENDED MENU

Clock/Calendar

User ID

Customer Name

MEASUREMENT MODE

PROJECT FUNCTION

DISPLAY BACKLIGHT

TAKING A STANDARD COUNT

NEW STANDARD COUNT

VIEW STANDARD COUNTS

PREPARING A TEST SITE

SOIL SITE

ASPHALT SITE

TAKING MEASUREMENTS

SOIL MODE

ASPHALT MODE

RECALL

SETUP MENU

COUNT TIME

SET UNITS

DEPTH MODE

STAT TEST

TAKING A STAT TEST

REVIEWING THE STAT TEST

PRINTING THE STAT TEST

DRIFT TEST

TAKING A DRIFT TEST

REVIEWING THE DRIFT TEST

PRINTING THE DRIFT TEST

NOMOGRAPH

ENABLE NOMOGRAPH

DISABLE NOMOGRAPH

CHANGE/VIEW NOMOGRAPH DATA

Entering Density Using the Keypad

Entering Density Using Gauge Measurements

TAKING NOMOGRAPH MEASUREMENTS

PRECISION

OPTIONS

EXTERNAL BEEPER

GPS OPTION

BATTERY STATUS

PERCENT AIR VOIDS (SOIL MODE)

TARGET MENU

TARGET VALUES

ENABLE A TARGET VALUE

STORE A NEW TARGET VALUE

DISABLE THE TARGET VALUE

OFFSET MENU

DENSITY OFFSET

MOISTURE OFFSET

ENABLE A STORED MOISTURE OFFSET

ENTER A NEW MOISTURE OFFSET

Enter Moisture Offset (Manual Entry)

Gauge-Derived Moisture Offset

DISABLE THE MOISTURE OFFSET