Trimble AgGPS RTK Base 450, AgGPS RTK Base 900 User Manual

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USER GUIDE

AgGPS® RTK Base 450/900

GPS Receiver

USER GUIDE

AgGPS® RTK Base 450/900 GPS Receiver

Version 3.30 Revision A April 2007 Part Number 62065-00-ENG

*62065-00-ENG*

Corporate Office

Trimble Navigation Limited 935 Stewart Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA

www.trimble.com

Agriculture Business Area

Trimble Navigation Limited 10355 Westmoor Drive Suite #100 Westminster, CO 80021 USA

www.trimble.com

Email: trimble_support@trimble.com

Legal Notices

Trimble, the Globe & Triangle logo, and AgGPS are trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited, registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office and in other countries. AutoBase, CMR, CMR+, Maxwell, MicroCentered, SiteNet, TRIMMARK, VRS, Zephyr, and Zephyr Geodetic are trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited.

The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Trimble Navigation Limited is under license.

Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Release Notice

This is the April 2007 release (Revision A) of the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 GPS Receiver User Guide.

version 3.30 of the receiver firmware.

Product Limited Warranty Information

For applicable product Limited Warranty information, please refer to the Limited Warranty Card included with this Trimble product, or consult your local Trimble authorized dealer.

Notices

Class B Statement – Notice to Users. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules and Part 90. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communication. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

– Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

It applies to

– Increase the separation between the equipment and

the receiver.

– Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit

different from that to which the receiver is connected.

– Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV

technician for help.

Changes and modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer or registrant of this equipment can void your authority to operate this equipment under Federal Communications Commission rules.

Canada

This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada. This apparatus complies with Canadian RSS-GEN, RSS310, RSS-210, and RSS-119. Cet appareil est conforme à la norme CNR-GEN, CNR310, CNR-210, et CNR-119 du Canada.

Europe

This product (the AgGPS RTK Base GPS Receiver) is intended to be used in all EU member countries, Norway, and Switzerland.

This product has been tested and found to comply with the requirements for a Class B device pursuant to European Council Directive 89/336/EEC on EMC, th ereby satisfying the requirements for CE Marking and sale within the European Economic Area (EEA). Contains Bluetooth radio module PBA 31308. These requirements are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a residential or commercial environment. The 450 MHZ (PMR) bands and 2.4 GHz are non-harmonized throughout Europe.

Australia and New Zealand

This product conforms with the regulatory requirements of the Australian Communications Authority (ACA) EMC framework, thus satisfying the requirements for C-Tick Marking and sale within Australia and New Zealand.

Taiwan – Battery Recycling Requirements

The product contains a removable Lithium-ion battery. Taiwanese regulations require that waste batteries are recycled.

廢電池請回收

Notice to Our European Union Customers

Directive 1999/5/EC

Hereby, Trimble Navigation, declares that the AgGPS RTK Base 450 and the AgGPS RTK Base 900 GPS receivers are in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.

2 AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 GPS Receiver User Guide

Restriction of Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS)

The following statement only applies to the AgGPS RTK Base GPS receiver (no internal radio and 450 MHz internal radio models only)

This Trimble product complies in all material respects with DIRECTIVE 2002/95/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 January 2003 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS Directive) and Amendment 2005/618/EC filed under C(2005) 3143, with exemptions for lead in solder pursuant to Paragraph 7 of the Annex to the RoHS Directive applied.

Declaration of Conformity

We, Tri mble Navigat ion Limited,

935 Stewart Drive

PO Box 3642

Sunnyvale, CA 94088-3642

United States

+1-408-481-8000

declare under sole responsibility that the products:

AgGPS RTK Base 450 GPS receiver AgGPS RTK Base 900 GPS receiver

comply with Part 15 of FCC Rules.

Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and

(2) this device must accept any interference received, including

interference that may cause undesired operation.

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)

For product recycling instructions and more information, please go to www.trimble.com/ev.shtml.

Recycling in Europe: To recycle Trimble WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, products that run on electrical power.), Call +31 497 53 24 30, and ask for the "WEEE Associate". Or, mail a request for recycling instructions to: Trimble Europe BV c/o Menlo Worldwide Logistics Meerheide 45 5521 DZ Eersel, NL

GPS RTK Base 450/900 GPS Receiver User Guide 3

4 AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 GPS Receiver User Guide

Safety Information

Before you use your Trimble® RTK Base GPS receiver, make sure that you have read and understood all safety requirements.

Regulations and safety

Safety Information

The receivers contain an internal radio-modem and can send signals through Bluetooth communications radio. Regulations regarding the use of the 450 MHz radio-modems vary greatly from country to country. In some countries, the unit can be used without obtaining an end-user license. Other countries require end-user licensing. For licensing information, consult your local Trimble dealer. Bluetooth, 900 MHz, and 2.4 GHz radiomodems operate in license-free bands.

Before operating an AgGPS RTK Base GPS receiver, determine if authorization or a license to operate the unit is required in your country. It is the responsibility of the end user to obtain an operator’s permit or license for the receiver for the location or country of use.

For FCC regulations, see Notices, page 2.

Type approval

Type approval, or acceptance, covers technical parameters of the equipment related to emissions that can cause interference. Type approval is granted to the manufacturer of the transmission equipment, independent from the operation or licensing of the units. Some countries have unique technical requirements for operation in particular radio-modem frequency bands. To comply with those requirements, Trimble may have modified your equipment to be granted Type approval. Unauthorized modification of the units voids the Type approval, the warranty, and the operational license of the equipment.

wireless technology or through an external data

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 5

Safety Information

Exposure to radio frequency radiation

For 450 MHz radio

Safety. Exposure to RF energy is an important safety consideration. The FCC has adopted a safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by FCC regulated equipment as a result of its actions in General Docket 79-144 on March 13, 1986.

Proper use of this radio modem results in exposure below government limits. The following precautions are recommended:

• DO NOT operate the transmitter when someone is within 20 cm (7.8 inches) of the antenna.

• DO NOT operate the transmitter unless all RF connectors are secure and any open connectors are properly terminated.

• DO NOT operate the equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere.

• All equipment must be properly grounded according to Trimble installation instructions for safe operation.

• All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified technician.

For license-free 900 MHz radio

900 MHz radios are not used in Europe.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CAUTION – For your own safety, and in terms of the RF Exposure

requirements of the FCC, always observe the precautions listed here.

• Always maintain a minimum separation distance of 20 cm (7.8 inches) between yourself and the radiating antenna on the radio-modem.

• Do not co-locate the antenna with any other transmitting device.

For Bluetooth radio

The radiated output power of the internal Bluetooth wireless radio is far below the FCC radio frequency exposure limits. Nevertheless, the wireless radio shall be used in such a manner that the Trimble receiver is 20 cm or further from the human body. The internal wireless radio operates within guidelines found in radio frequency safety standards and recommendations, which reflect the consensus of the scientific community. Trimble therefore believes the internal wireless radio is safe for use by consumers. The level of energy emitted is far less than the electromagnetic energy emitted by wireless devices such as mobile phones. However, the use of wireless radios may be restricted in some situations or environments, such as on aircraft. If you are unsure of restrictions, you are encouraged to ask for authorization before turning on the wireless radio.

Installing antennas

Safety Information

CAUTION – For your own safety, and in terms of the RF Exposure

requirements of the FCC, always observe these precautions: – Always maintain a minimum separation distance of 20 cm (7.8 inches) between yourself and the radiating antenna. – Do not co-locate the antenna with any other transmitting device.

This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed below, and having a maximum gain of 5 dBi. Antennas not included in this list, or having a gain greater than 5 dBi, are strictly prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.

The antennas that can be used (country dependent) with the 450 MHz radio are 0 dBi and 5 dBi whip antennas. The antennas that can be used (country dependent) with the 900 MHz radio are 0 dBi, 3 dBi, and 5 dBi whip antennas.

To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that permitted for successful communication.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 7

Safety Information

Battery safety

WARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A

damaged battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or property damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of damage include, but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking battery fluid. – Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight. – Do not immerse the battery in water. – Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather. – Do not drop or puncture the battery. – Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.

WARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it

appears to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can result in personal injury and/or property damage. To prevent injury or damage: – If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid. – If battery fluid gets into your eyes, immediately rinse your eyes with clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub your eyes! – If battery fluid gets onto your skin or clothing, immediately use clean water to wash off the battery fluid.

WARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in

strict accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or equipment damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking. – Charge the Lithium-ion battery only in a Trimble product that is specified to charge it. Be sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the battery charger. – Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning odor. – Use the battery only in Trimble equipment that is specified to use it. – Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the instructions in the product documentation.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Regulations and safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Type approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Exposure to radio frequency radiation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

For 450 MHz radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

For license-free 900 MHz radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

For Bluetooth radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Installing antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Battery safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

About the AgGPS RTK Base GPS receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Related information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Technical support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Your comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

2 Features and Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

AgGPS RTK Base receiver features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Use and care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

COCOM limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Keypad and display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Rear connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3 Batteries and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

External power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Battery safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Battery performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 9

Contents

Charging the Lithium-ion battery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Storing the Lithium-ion battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Removing the Lithium-ion battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

4 Setup Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Base station operation guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Base station components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Base station setup guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Permanent installation antenna cabling for the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900

GPS receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

5 Setting up the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Common ways to set up a base station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Setting up a base station for permanent installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Setting up a mobile base station: Tripod and fixed height tripod . . . . . 35

Tripod and tribrach setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Fixed height tripod setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

External radio-modems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

6 Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display . . .39

Button functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Power button operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Home screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Status screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Configuring the receiver as a base receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Configuring the receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Configuring system settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

7 Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase

Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

AutoBase Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Working with AutoBase technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Scenario One: First visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned off . . 50

Scenario Two: First visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned on . . 52

Scenario Three: Repeat visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned off 52

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Contents

Scenario Four: Repeat visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned on 53

The AutoBase process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

8 Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Default receiver settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Resetting the receiver to factory defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

9 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

General specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Physical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Communication specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

A Required Radio and GPS Rover Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Radio firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

GPS rover firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

B Upgrading the Receiver Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

The WinFlash utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Installing the WinFlash utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Upgrading the receiver firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Forcing the receiver into Monitor mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

C Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

Receiver issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

D Drawings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Back view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Side view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Bottom view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

E Receiver Connector Pinout Information . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Lemo connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Modem multi-function port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 11

Contents

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER

Introduction 1

Welcome to the AgGPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide. This manual

describes how to set up and use the

AgGPS RTK Base 900 GPS receivers from Trim ble

Even if you have used other Global Positioning System (GPS) products before, Trimble recommends that you spend some time reading this manual to learn about the special features of this product. If you are not familiar with GPS, visit the Trimble website (www.trimble.com) for an interactive look at Trimble and GPS.

RTK Base 450 and the AgGPS

About the AgGPS RTK Base GPS receivers

The AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 receivers are dual frequency GPS receivers with integrated transmit radio. Designed to operate as an RTK base station, they are easy to set up and operate.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 13

1 Introduction

Related information

Sources of related information include the following:

• Trimble training courses – Consider a training course to help you use your GPS

system to its fullest potential. For more information, go to the Trimble website at

www.trimble.com/training.html.

Technical support

If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product documentation, contact your local dealer. Alternatively, go to the Support area of the Trimble website (www.trimble.com/support.shtml). Select the product you need information on. Product updates, documentation, and any support issues are available for download.

If you need to contact Trimble technical support, complete the online inquiry form at

www.trimble.com/support_form.asp.

Your comments

Your feedback about the supporting documentation helps us to improve it with each revision. Email your comments to ReaderFeedback@trimble.com.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER

Features and Functions 2

In this chapter:

Q AgGPS RTK Base receiver

features

Q Use and care

Q COCOM limits

Q Keypad and display

Q Rear connectors

The AgGPS RTK Base GPS receivers are ideal for both fixed and mobile base station applications. The AgGPS RTK Base receiver can be permanently installed infrastructure for individual RTK base station coverage, or it can be part of an RTK network. It is also designed for mobile applications with a quick setup and AutoBase

These receivers feature a keypad and display so you can configure the receiver easily without using a controller or computer. All receivers are capable of transmitting RTK corrections either via an internal transmit radio or connection to an external radio.

™

technology.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 15

2 Features and Functions

AgGPS RTK Base receiver features

The Trimble AgGPS RTK Base 900 and 450 receivers are easy to use RTK base stations for agricultural applications. With many time-saving features, the AgGPS RTK base receiver can be used as a mobile base or as part of a base station network. It uniquely combines a GPS receiver, RTK radio, and 10 hour battery into one small unit.

• Reliable 1 inch year to year repeatability for all your row cropping

activities

• Easy to use menu system for configuration and status checking

• 9 V to 30 V DC input power with over-voltage protection

• Configuring the network receiver and radio network settings can

be done using the display and keypad on the receiver so no office set up or field laptop is required

• GPS receiver, radio, and battery are contained in a robust unit

weighing only 3.64 lbs (1.65 kg) making it a breeze to set up quickly anywhere on your farm

• Long-life integrated battery provides more than 10 hours

operation as a base station – no need to lug around a car battery

Use and care

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

• Automatically sets up on a previously set point with Autobase

technology function – makes for a quick set up time on your preprogrammed locations

This product is designed to withstand the rough treatment and tough environment that typically occurs in construction applications. However, the receiver is a high-precision electronic instrument and should be treated with reasonable care.

CAUTION – Operating or storing the receiver outside the specified temperature range can damage it. For more information, see Chapter 9,

Specifications.

COCOM limits

The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS products contain performance limitations so that they cannot be used in a manner that could threaten the security of the United States. The following limitations are implemented on this product:

• Immediate access to satellite measurements and navigation

results is disabled when the receiver velocity is computed to be greater than 1,000 knots, or its altitude is computed to be above 18,000 meters. The receiver GPS subsystem resets until the COCOM situation clears. As a result, all logging and stream configurations stop until the GPS subsystem is cleared.

Keypad and display

Features and Functions 2

Figure 2.1 Front view of the receiver

Feature Description

1 Power LED Indicates if the receiver is turned on or off.

2 Buttons Used to turn on and configure the receiver (see Button functions,

page 40).

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 17

2 Features and Functions

Feature Description

3 Display The receiver has a Vacuum Fluorescent Display. This display allows

you to see how the receiver is operating and view the configuration settings.

4 Bluetooth antenna Location of the Bluetooth antenna.

Rear connectors

1 2

Figure 2.2 Rear view of the receiver

Connector type Description

1 TNC Connect to the GPS antenna

2 • TNC (450 MHz

Internal radio)

• Reverse polarity TNC (900 MHz internal radio)

• Not installed, system without internal radio

3Vent

plug

Connect to the radio antenna

External venting plug for pressure equalization

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Features and Functions 2

Connector type Description

4High

Density DB26

5 Lemo (7-pin/0-shell) • 3 wire RS-232 serial communications using a 7-pin/ 0

• Ethernet connectivity to a 10/100 Base-T network through an RJ45 jack on a multiport adaptor (P/N

57167)

• 'Slave' USB communications through the USB type B connector on the multiport adaptor (P/N 57167)

• 'Host' USB communications through the USB type A connector on the 26-pin to Hirose adaptor (P/N 56653-

10) and Hirose to USB type A cable (P/N 73841001)

• Primary power from a Trimble AC/DC power supply (P/N 59221-00) using the multiport adaptor (P/N 57167)

• Power input from an SPS700 total station battery cradle system using the adaptor (P/N 56653-10)

• Full 9-wire RS-232 serial communications using the 26-9pin multiport adaptor (P/N 57168) or a 26-pin serial communications cable

• 1PPS, 2 x RS-232 input DC, USB, Ethernet cable (P/N 60789-00)

shell Lemo cable

• Secondary power from a Trimble battery (P/N 32364-00 or 32365-00) or a 12 V battery using the Fused Lemo Power Cable (P/N 46125-20)

•CAN

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 19

2 Features and Functions

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER

Batteries and Power 3

In this chapter:

Q External power

Q Battery safety

Q Battery performance

Q Charging the Lithium-ion

battery

Q Storing the Lithium-ion

battery

Q Removing the Lithium-ion

battery

The AgGPS RTK Base GPS receiver uses an internal rechargeable Lithium-ion battery, which can be replaced only at an Authorized Trimble Service Center.

The receiver can also be powered by an external power source that is connected to the Lemo or modem port.

The operational time provided by the internal battery depends on the type of measurement and operating conditions. Typically, the internal battery provides 10 hours operation as a base station.

Note – All battery operation tests are carried out with new, fully charged batteries at room temperature and full receiver configuration operational. Older batteries, at temperatures significantly higher or lower than room temperature, will have a reduced performance.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 21

3 Batteries and Power

External power

The GPS receiver uses an external power source in preference to its internal batteries. If the receiver is not connected to an external power source, or if the external power supply fails, the internal batteries are used.

Battery safety

The receiver is powered by a rechargeable internal Lithium-ion battery. Charge and use the battery only in strict accordance with the instructions below.

WARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Batteries and Power 3

WARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it

Battery performance

To optimize battery performance and extend battery life:

• Fully charge all new batteries before use.

• Batteries perform best when they are not used at extreme

temperatures. The receiver is designed to operate at –40 °C to +65 °C (–40 °F to +149 °F). However, operation at temperatures of less than 0 °C (32 °F) can cause a rapid drop in battery life.

• Do not allow a battery that is in storage to discharge to below 5 V.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 23

3 Batteries and Power

Charging the Lithium-ion battery

The rechargeable Lithium-ion battery is supplied partially charged. Charge the battery completely before using it for the first time. If the battery has been stored for longer than three months, charge it before use.

The internal battery charges fully in 8 hours when connected to a suitable power source.

WARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in

strict accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or equipment damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking. – Charge the Lithium-ion battery only with a Trimble product that is specified to charge it. Be sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the battery charger. – Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning odor. – Use the battery only in Trimble equipment that is specified to use it. – Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the instructions in the product documentation.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Storing the Lithium-ion battery

If you must store a Lithium-ion battery for long periods, make sure that it is fully charged before it is stored, and that you charge it at least once every three months while it is stored.

Do not allow a battery that is in storage to discharge to below 5 V. A battery that reaches deep discharge level (5 V or less) cannot be recharged and must be replaced. (To protect a battery that is in use from deep discharge, the receiver switches power sources or stops drawing power when the battery pack discharges to 5.9 V.)

All batteries discharge over time when not in use, and they discharge faster in colder temperatures. Do not store the receiver at temperatures outside the range –40 °C to +70 °C (–40 °F to +158 °F).

The receiver has an internal Lithium-ion battery. The internal battery will only charge from an external power source that delivers more than 15 volts, for example, an AC power adaptor. The receiver is supplied with a mains power supply unit that recharges the battery inside the receiver when it is connected through the adaptor to the modem port or the Lemo port. When you use the receiver as a fixed or permanent base station, Trimble recommends that you use this power supply at all times to keep the internal battery charged. This provides an uninterrupted power supply and will keep the site operational for more than 10 hours after a power failure.

Batteries and Power 3

Keep all batteries on continuous charge when not in use. You can keep batteries on charge indefinitely without damage to the receiver or to the batteries.

Removing the Lithium-ion battery

The internal Lithium-ion battery should be removed only at an authorized Trimble Service Center. If the battery is removed at an unauthorized service center, the remaining warranty on the product will be void.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 25

3 Batteries and Power

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER

Setup Guidelines 4

In this chapter:

Q Base station operation

guidelines

GPS Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) operation provides centimeter-level accuracy by eliminating errors that are present in the GPS system. For all RTK operations, you require both a base station and a rover receiver.

This chapter introduces the concepts of base station and rover operation, provides information to help you identify good setup locations, describes best practices for setting up the equipment, and outlines the precautions that you need to take to protect the equipment.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 27

4 Setup Guidelines

Base station operation guidelines

A base station consists of a receiver that is placed at a known (and fixed) position. The receiver tracks the same satellites that are being tracked by the rover receiver, at the same time that the rover is tracking them. Errors in the GPS system are monitored at the fixed (and known) base station, and a series of position corrections are computed. The corrections are sent through a radio link to the rover receiver, where they are used to correct the real time positions of the rover.

Base station components

The base station has the following components:

• GPS receiver

• GPS antenna

• Base station radio

• Power supply

GPS receiver and GPS antenna

A GPS receiver, such as the AgGPS RTK Base 450 or 900 receiver, incorporates a GPS receiver, power supply, and base station radio in a single unit. The GPS antenna and the base station radio antenna are separate from the receiver. Because the GPS antenna is separate, you can use the following optimized components:

– a geodetic antenna with large ground plane, to eliminate

multipath (the major source of GPS errors) at the base station

– a high-gain or directional radio antenna, to increase

broadcast range and to provide maximum coverage

You can also place the GPS receiver in an easily accessible and secure location, safe from theft and the weather, while the antennas are placed high on a tower or building, clear of obstructions, and able to deliver maximum performance.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Setup Guidelines 4

The GPS antenna included with the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 receiver is a Trimble Zephyr Geodetic

™

Model 2 antenna. The Zephyr Geodetic Model 2 antenna has a large ground plane to eliminate multipath and can be used in both fixed (permanent) installations and mobile base station applications.

Base station setup guidelines

For good performance, observe the following base station setup guidelines:

• Place the GPS antenna in a location that has a clear line of sight

to the sky in all directions. Do not place the GPS antenna near vertical obstructions such as buildings, deep cuttings, fences, towers, or tree canopy.

• Mount the GPS antenna securely to minimize movement of the

antenna. Any movement of the base station GPS antenna will cause corresponding movement in the rover.

• Place the GPS and radio antennas as high as practical. Radio

antenna height is a significant factor in the broadcast range of the radio.

Note – The GPS antenna must have a clear line of sight to the sky at all times during operation.

• Choose the most appropriate radio antenna for the desired

coverage area. The higher the gain on the antenna, the longer the range. If there is more focus on the transmission signal, there is a reduced coverage area. A 3 dB or 5 dB gain antenna provides a mix of good range and reasonable directional coverage.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 29

4 Setup Guidelines

• Make sure that the GPS receiver does not lose power. The GPS

receiver has an integrated battery, which has to be charged. To operate for the full day without loss of power at the base station, provide external power. Sources of external power include:

– AC power

– 12 V car or truck battery

– Generator power

– Solar panel

When you use an external power supply, the integrated battery provides a backup power supply, enabling you to maintain continuous operation through a mains power failure.

When the GPS receiver is connected to a power source greater than 15 V, the integrated battery is continuously charged from the connected power source. This helps to ensure that the battery stays charged.

• Do not locate a GPS receiver, GPS antenna, or radio antenna

within 400 meters (about 1,300 feet) of:

– a powerful radar, television, or cellular communications

tower

– another transmitter

– another GPS antenna

Cell phone towers can interfere with the base station radio broadcast and can stop corrections from reaching the rover receiver. High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can overwhelm the receiver circuits. This does not harm the receiver, but can prevent the receiver electronics from functioning correctly.

Low-power transmitters, such as those in cell phones and twoway radios, do not interfere with receiver operations.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Setup Guidelines 4

• Do not set up the base station directly beneath or close to

overhead power lines or electrical generation facilities. The electromagnetic fields associated with these utilities can interfere with GPS receiver operation. Other sources of electromagnetic interference include:

– Gasoline engines (spark plugs)

– Televisions and computer monitors

– Alternators and generators

– Electric motors

– Equipment with DC-to-AC converters

– Fluorescent lights

– Switching power supplies

• Place the GPS receiver in a protected and secure location.

• If you place the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 receiver in a lock box or

other enclosure to protect the receiver from theft or from the weather, shield the lock box from direct sunlight and provide ventilation for the receiver through an inlet and extractor fan. A receiver that has a broadcast radio generates significant heat. Do not allow the temperature in the box to exceed 50 ºC (122 ºF).

• If working in a cold climate, you may need to provide heat to the

receiver. Do not operate the receiver below –40 ºC (–40 ºF).

• Trimble recommends that, wherever possible, you keep GPS

receiver equipment dry. The receivers are designed to withstand wet weather, but keeping them dry prolongs their life and reduces the effects of corrosion on ports and connectors. If the equipment gets wet, use a clean dry cloth to dry the equipment and then leave the equipment open to the air to dry. Do not lock wet equipment in a transport case for prolonged periods. Avoid exposing the GPS receiver to corrosive liquids and salt water wherever possible.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 31

4 Setup Guidelines

Permanent installation antenna cabling for the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 GPS receiver

Many permanent base station installations have unique cabling requirements. Depending on the available infrastructure, you may need to mount the antenna a considerable distance from the receiver.

The AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 receiver can withstand a loss of 12 dB between the GPS antenna and the receiver. The degree of loss in a coaxial cable depends on the frequency of the signal passing through it. This table lists some common cable types and the maximum length you can use before an inline amplifier for GPS frequencies is required.

• Trimble recommends that you install lightning protection

equipment at permanent base station locations. Equipment should include a gas capsule lightning protector in the GPS and radio antenna feed line and appropriate safety grounding. A static dissipater near the antennas can reduce the likelihood of a direct lightning strike. Also protect any communications and power lines at building entry points. For more information, contact your local Trimble dealer, or go to the Huber and Suhner website (www.hubersuhnerinc.com).

• Trimble recommends that you use surge protection equipment

on all permanently installed equipment.

Cable type Maximum length (for use without an inline amplifier)

RG-214 30 m (100 ft)

LMR-400 70 m (230 ft)

LMR-500 85 m (280 ft)

LMR-600 106 m (350 ft)

Heliax LDF4/50 165 m (540 ft)

Heliax LDF4.5/40 225 m (740 ft)

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER

Setting up the Receiver 5

In this chapter:

Q Common ways to set up a

base station

This chapter provides guidelines for setting up the AgGPSRTK Base 450/900 receiver as a base station.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 33

5 Setting up the Receiver

Common ways to set up a base station

You can set up a base station in different ways depending on the application, coverage area, degree of permanence versus mobility, and available infrastructure. Before you set up a base station, please read

Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines.

Setting up a base station for permanent installation

A permanent base station helps to eliminate the types of error that can result from repeated daily setups, and ensures that you always use the GPS antenna at the exact original location. The requirement for a permanent base station setup increases as more receivers that use the base station as a source of corrections, increases the cost of any base station downtime.

An AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 GPS receiver is used as the base station, located where it is secure from theft and the weather. The GPS antenna are mounted on a permanent structure, such as on the roof of the building, concrete post, or other sturdy mounting point, where it is clear from obstructions. The radio antenna is mounted as high as possible, on a pole, tower or other high structure that can provide the maximum range of operation.

The GPS antenna supplied with the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 is the Trimble Zephyr Geodetic Model 2. This antenna has a large ground plane that eliminates multipath, providing the best GPS performance at the base location. The antennas are connected to the receiver by high quality RF cables.

The receiver is connected to a permanent power supply (mains or generator power).

The internal battery of the receiver is always being charged, and acts as an uninterruptible power supply if there is a power failure.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Setting up the Receiver 5

Setting up a mobile base station: Tripod and fixed height tripod

If you are repeatedly moving between fields, Trimble recommends that you use either a tripod and tribrach setup, or a fixed height tripod.

The fixed height tripod is quicker and easier to set up over a control point. Take great care to ensure that the GPS antenna is set up accurately over the control point, and that the GPS antenna height is measured accurately, in the right way (vertical or slope height) to the right location on the antenna (base of antenna or to a specified location on the antenna). When you start the rover receiver, it is extremely important to check in, at one or more known locations, to check for possible position or height errors.

Checking in at a known location is good practice and can avoid costly errors caused by a bad setup.

Typically, the tripod and fixed height tripod methods do not give significant height clearance above the ground, and can reduce the range of operation caused by radio limitations.

Tripod and tribrach setup

In the tripod setup, the tripod is located over the control point, and the tribrach and tribrach adaptor is mounted on the tripod and centered over the point.

1. Place the external antenna bracket on the tribrach adapter and mount the GPS antenna on the tribrach adaptor sandwiching the external antenna bracket to hold it in place.

2. Clip the GPS receiver to the tripod if desired. Alternatively, the GPS receiver can remain in the carrying case.

3. Connect the GPS antenna to the receiver using the cable provided.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 35

5 Setting up the Receiver

4. If necessary, connect the GPS receiver to an external 12 V power

5. Mount the external radio antenna to the bracket and connect the

Fixed height tripod setup

A fixed height tripod setup is similar to a tripod setup, but is simplified by the central leg of the tripod, that is placed directly on the control point. If the central leg is leveled accurately, the fixed height tripod is quick and easy to set up, and provides an accurate way to measure the true antenna height.

1. Set up the tripod over the control point.

2. Attach the GPS antenna to the head of the tripod.

3. If using an external high-gain radio antenna, mount the radio

4. Hook the receiver to the center leg of the tripod, using the tripod

supply using the crocodile clip cable.

antenna to the receiver using the cable provided.

antenna to the radio antenna bracket that is attached to the head of the tripod (beneath the GPS antenna).

clip. Alternatively, the GPS receiver can remain in the carrying case.

External radio-modems

The most common data link for Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) operation is a radio. The AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 receiver is available with the following internal radios:

• 410–430 MHz (Tx/Rx, Rx only, or Tx only)

• 430–450 MHz (Tx/Rx, Rx only, or Tx only)

• 450–470 MHz (Tx/Rx, Rx only, or Tx only)

• 900 MHz (Tx/Rx, Rx only, or Tx only)

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Setting up the Receiver 5

Note – "Tx" indicates that the radio transmits corrections. "Rx" indicates that the receiver receives corrections. "Tx/Rx" indicates that the radio both transmits and receives corrections.

If the AgGPS RTK Base receiver does not have an internal transmit radio, or you want to connect to higher power or to a secondary external transmit radio or cellular modem, use the 26-pin port, the Lemo port, or Bluetooth wireless technology.

The AgGPS RTK Base receiver supports the following Trimble base radios:

• TRIMMARK

• Trimble SNB900 radio

• Trimble PDL450 radio

• Trimble HPB450 radio

™

3 radio

When used with an AgGPS RTK Base receiver, most external radios require an external power source. Only the Trimble SNB900 radiomodem has an internal battery and does not require external power.

Configure the external radio separately, using either the configuration program for the external radio or the radio display and keypad.

To configure the AgGPS RTK Base for RTK operation, follow the base setup procedure to set the following parameters:

• Set the base station coordinates

• Enable the CMR+

™

corrections stream on the selected serial port.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 37

5 Setting up the Receiver

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER

Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display

In this chapter:

Q Button functions

Q Power button operations

Q Home screen

Q Status screens

Q Configuring the receiver as

a base receiver

Q Configuring system

settings

The receiver features a keypad and display (see Keypad and display, page 17) so that you can configure the receiver without using a computer.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 39

6 Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display

Button functions

The AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 receiver has seven buttons on the front panel to control the receiver. Use the buttons to turn the receiver on and off and to check or change the receiver settings.

Button Name Function

Power Turns the receiver on and off. To turn the receiver off, hold the Power

Escape Returns to the previous screen or cancels changes being made on a screen.

Enter Advances to the next screen or accepts changes made on a screen.

Up Moves the cursor between multiple fields on a screen or makes changes to

Down Moves the cursor between multiple fields on a screen or makes changes to

Left Moves the cursor between characters in a field that can be changed.

Right Moves the cursor between characters in a field that can be changed. Press

button for two seconds

an editable field.

this button to enter Edit mode.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display 6

Power button operations

Press the Power button

to turn the receiver on and off. In addition,

you can tap the Power button to return to the Home screen, or hold down the Power button to perform the following operations:

To … Hold the

button for …

turn off the receiver two seconds The display shows a countdown timer. When the

clear the almanac, ephemeris, and SV information

reset the receiver to its factory defaults and the default application file

force the receiver to power down

15 seconds The display show a countdown timer. When the

35 seconds The display show a countdown timer. When the

at least 60 seconds

Notes

display goes blank, release the

display goes blank, continue to hold the button. The display shows a countdown time to clear the almanac and ephemeris. When the counter reaches 0, release the

display goes blank, continue to hold the button. The display show a countdown to clear the almanac and ephemeris. When the counter reaches 0, continue to hold the indicates a countdown to resetting the receiver. When the counter reaches 0, release the button.

If the reset method above does not work, use this method to force the receiver to turn off. When the Power LED goes off, release the Power button.

Power button. The display

Power button.

Power

Power button.

Power

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 41

6 Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display

Home screen

The Home screen is the main screen displayed on the receiver. If the receiver is displaying another screen and is left idle for 60 seconds, you are returned to the Home screen. It shows the following information:

• Number of satellites being tracked

• Internal battery power remaining

• Current mode configuration

• Internal radio activity

• Internal radio channel or network

Status screens

The receiver has several view-only status screens that allow you to review the current settings of the receiver. The status screens provide the following information:

• Position solution and precisions

• CMR

™

IDs

• Base name and code

• Latitude, longitude, and height

• Antenna height

• Horizontal and vertical precision

• Receiver firmware version

• Receiver serial number

To access these screens from the Home screen, press

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

J or K .

Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display 6

Configuring the receiver as a base receiver

To set up the AgGPS RTK Base receiver as a base receiver, use AutoBase technology or the receiver keypad.

The AutoBase feature automatically configures the receiver settings for you: there is no need to use the keypad. The receiver obtains a position and outputs RTK corrections on the internal radio. See Chapter 7,

Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase Te ch n ol o gy .

The receiver is configured step-by-step to ensure that all appropriate settings are configured. To move between steps in the configuration process, press

Configuring the receiver

1. In the Home screen, press L . Use the Operation Mode screen to

configure system settings, mode settings, or to view the SV (satellite) status. Mode Settings is the default setting.

L .

2. Press

3. Press

L . Base is the default setting and cannot be changed. L . Use the Base Station screen to select whether the

receiver is going to use a “Here” position or if the current coordinates in the receiver will be changed.

4. Press

G . When Edit Current begins to flash, the receiver is in

Edit mode and you can change the current setting.

5. Press

6. Press

7. Press

K . The setting changes to New Base (Here). L to accept the change. L again. The Base Name screen appears. See next.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 43

6 Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display

Changing the name and description of the base station

In the Base Name screen:

1. Press

G . When the first character of the base name begins to

flash, the receiver is in Edit mode and you can change the current setting.

2. Press

3. Press

J or K  to change the value of the character. G to move the cursor to the next character.

4. Repeat Step 2 through Step 3 to enter the name of the base station. The name can be up to 16 characters. Press

L to accept

the change.

5. Press

L again. Use the Base Code screen to change the code

(description) for the base station. Entering a base code is optional and is not required to operate a base station.

6. Press

G . When the first character of the base code begins to

flash, the receiver is in Edit mode and you can change the current setting.

7. Press

8. Press

J or K  to change the value of the character. G to move the cursor to the next character.

9. Repeat Step 7 through Step 8 to enter the code of the base station. The code can be up to 16 characters.

10. Press

L to accept the change.

11. Press

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

L again. The Base Latitude screen appears. See next.

Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display 6

Setting the reference latitude, longitude, and height of the base station

In the Base Latitude screen:

1. If the base station was set with a “Here” position, press continue. To edit the Base Latitude setting, press editing and then use the

K and K arrows to change the value of

L to

G to start

the character to edit.

2. The Base Longitude screen is used to change the reference longitude of the base station. The base was set up with a “Here” position, so press

L .

3. The Point Height screen is used to change the reference height of the base station. The base was set up with a “Here” position, so

L .

press

4. Use the Antenna Type screen to select the type of antenna used with the receiver. Press

G . When the antenna name begins to

flash, the receiver is in Edit mode and you can select an antenna.

5. Press

K  to scroll through the antenna models until Zephyr

Geodetic Model 2 appears.

6. Press

7. Press

L to accept the change. L again. The Measured To screen appears. See next.

Measuring and changing the antenna height

In the Measured To screen:

1. Press

G . When the antenna measurement method begins to

flash, the receiver is in Edit mode and you can select an antenna measurement method.

2. Press

3. Press

K  to scroll through the measurement methods until APC

appears. Press

L .

L to accept the change.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 45

6 Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display

4. Use the Antenna Height screen to change the height of the antenna. Press

L . When the first character of the antenna

height begins to flash, the receiver is in Edit mode and you can change the antenna height. The antenna height should be set to

0.00 for most applications.

5. Press

6. Press

J or K  to change the value of the character. G to move the cursor to the next character.

7. Repeat Step 5 through Step 6 to enter the height of the antenna.

8. Press

9. Press

L to accept the change. L again. The Output screen appears. See next.

Outputting corrections

In the Output screen:

1. Press

2. Press

G to enter Edit mode for the port. J or K  to change which port will be used to output

corrections. Select Radio to use the internal radio, or Lemo to use an external radio connected via the Lemo connector.

3. Press

4. Press

L to accept the change. K  to move the cursor to the Format field. The default

format is RTK CMR+, which cannot be changed.

5. Press

L .

6. Use the NMEA screen to set up NMEA outputs from the receiver. Press

L to accept the default of no NMEA messages.

7. Use the GSOF screen to set up GSOF outputs from the receiver.

L to accept the default of no GSOF messages.

Press

8. Use the RT17 screen to set up RT17 outputs from the receiver. Press

L to accept the default of no RT17 messages.

The Home screen appears and the base setup is complete.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display 6

Configuring system settings

You can use the keypad and display of the receiver to configure the following settings:

• Display language

• Display and input units

• Baud rate, parity, data bits, and stop bits for serial ports

• Display power saver

• AutoBase warning

To access the system settings:

1. In the Home screen, press

L . Use the Operation Mode screen to

configure system settings or mode settings, and to view the SV (satellite) status. Mode Settings is the default setting.

2. Press

G . When the operation mode begins to flash, the receiver

is in Edit mode and you can change this setting.

3. Press

4. Press

5. Press

K  to change to System Setup. L to accept the change. L again.

6. Use the Display Language screen, if necessary, to change the language. Choose English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Spanish, or Swedish. Press

7. Press

L again. Use the Display and Input Units screen, if

L to accept the change.

necessary, to change the units to Meters or US Feet.

8. Press

9. Press

L to accept the change. L again. Use the Port Settings screen, if necessary, to

change the port.

10. Press

11. Press

L to accept the change. L again. Use the Screen Pwr Savr screen to choose On, Off,

or Auto. If you use the Auto setting, the screen turns off after 60 seconds of inactivity. The Power LED remains lit so that you

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 47

6 Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display

can tell if the receiver is on or off. If an error message appears, the screen comes back on. Press

L again to move to the next screen.

press

12. The Autobase warning screen appears. See Chapter 7,

Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase Te ch n ol o gy .

L to accept the change and then

13. Press

14. Press

L to accept the change. L again. When the Home screen appears, the system

setup is complete.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER

Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using

AutoBase Technology

In this chapter:

Q AutoBase Warning

Q Working with AutoBase

technology

Q Scenario One: First visit to a

site with AutoBase Warning turned off

Q Scenario Two: First visit to a

site with AutoBase Warning turned on

Q Scenario Three: Repeat visit

to a site with AutoBase Warning turned off

Q Scenario Four: Repeat visit to

a site with AutoBase Warning turned on

Q The AutoBase process

The AutoBase technology is a feature of the Trimble AgGPS RTK Base receiver that enables you to reduce daily setup time for mobile base stations and to reduce the likelihood of using incorrect base station coordinates during setup.

The AutoBase feature allows you to set up a receiver as a base station receiver and save you time so you do not need to reconfigure the receiver at the start of each day. It also allows you to set up the base station on a new site without needing to configure the settings in the receiver.

Even if you have used the AutoBase feature in other Trimble receivers, Trimble recommends that you read this chapter carefully because new functions in this feature provide greater benefit to you.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 49

7 Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase Technology

AutoBase Warning

The AutoBase Warning, when enabled, prevents the receiver from creating a new base station position and beginning operating as an RTK base station when no previous base station position exists that corresponds to the current position of the receiver.

When the AutoBase Warning is on, the receiver will not begin transmitting RTK corrections from a base position (latitude, longitude, and height) that is not a part of the GPS site calibration. When the AutoBase Warning is off, the receiver begins transmitting RTK corrections from a new base position. You need only turn on the receiver the first time on a point, and you do not need to manually configure the base station settings.

By default, the receiver has the AutoBase Warning turned on. The receiver uses the AutoBase Warning setting to control how the receiver performs when different criteria are met. You can turn the AutoBase Warning on or off using the keypad and display. For more information, see Configuring system settings, page 47.

Working with AutoBase technology

This section contains some example scenarios. In each section, there is a step-by-step process that explains what you will experience in each scenario.

Scenario One: First visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned off

The following actions occur when you set up the base station for the first time on a new point and the AutoBase Warning is turned off:

1. You turn on the receiver.

2. The receiver begins tracking satellites.

3. The receiver determines the current position.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase Technology 7

4. The receiver reviews the previous base station positions stored in the receiver.

5. The receiver does not find any base station that corresponds to the current position.

6. The receiver creates a new base station location for the current location.

7. The receiver sets the antenna height to 0. The antenna height is measured to the antenna phase center.

CAUTION – On each reoccupation of the point, you must ensure that the receiver antenna is set up in exactly the same location and at exactly the same height. Trimble also recommends that you use a T-bar or Fixed height tripod so that the position is easy to re-establish. Failure to achieve the same height position for the antenna results in errors in heights in subsequent measurements.

Where you set up each time with potentially different antenna heights, Trimble recommends that on the first setup after AutoBase has completed its process, that you edit the antenna height (using the receiver keypad and display). The updated antenna height changes the AutoBase setup, so that on subsequent setups, when you again change the antenna height, you will get correct height information during measurement. At the first setup, Trimble recommends that you change the AutoBase setup and antenna height before you carry out a site calibration.

8. The receiver begins generating RTK CMR+ corrections.

9. The RTK corrections begin streaming over the internal radio. If there is no internal radio, the receiver defaults to streaming the corrections on the Lemo port.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 51

7 Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase Technology

Scenario Two: First visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned on

The following actions occur when you set up the base station for the first time on a point, and the AutoBase Warning is turned on:

1. You turn on the receiver.

2. The receiver begins tracking satellites.

3. The receiver determines the current position.

4. The receiver reviews the base positions stored in the receiver.

5. The receiver does not find any base station that corresponds to the current position.

6. The receiver displays a warning that AutoBase has failed.

7. No RTK corrections are streamed until the base station is set up using the keypad and display.

Scenario Three: Repeat visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned off

The following actions occur when you repeat a base station setup on a point, and the AutoBase Warning is turned off:

1. You turn on the receiver.

2. The receiver begins tracking satellites.

3. The receiver determines the current position.

4. The receiver reviews the base station positions stored in the receiver.

5. The receiver finds a base station position that corresponds to the current position.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CAUTION – If there are two or more base positions within a 50 meter radius of your current position, the receiver will make the most recently used base position file active.

Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase Technology 7

6. The antenna type, antenna height, and measurement method used in the previous setup of this base station are applied.

CAUTION – If the antenna height is different to the previous setup, then you must enter the corrected height for the antenna (using the keypad and display) before starting measurements. Failure to achieve the correct antenna height position for the antenna results in errors in heights in subsequent measurements.

7. The receiver begins generating RTK CMR+ messages.

8. The RTK corrections begin streaming on the radio or Lemo port defined in the application file.

Scenario Four: Repeat visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned on

The following actions occur when you repeat a base station setup on a point, and the AutoBase Warning is turned on:

1. You turn on the receiver.

2. The receiver begins tracking satellites.

3. The receiver determines the current position.

4. The receiver reviews the base station positions stored in the receiver.

5. The receiver finds a base station position that corresponds to the current position.

CAUTION – If there are two or more base positions within a 50 meter radius of your current position, the receiver will make the most recently created base position file active.

6. Since a base station position is found, the AutoBase warning does not appear.

7. The receiver loads the previous base information.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 53

7 Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase Technology

8. The antenna type, antenna height, and measurement method used in the previous setup of this base station are applied.

CAUTION – If the antenna height is different from the previous setup, then you must enter the corrected height for the antenna (using the keypad and display) before starting measurements. Failure to achieve the correct antenna height position for the antenna results in errors in heights in subsequent measurements.

9. The receiver begins generating RTK CMR+ corrections.

10. The RTK corrections begin streaming on the radio or port defined in the previous setup of this base station.

Note – AutoBase recalls base station positions that are stored in the receiver. If the receiver has been previously set up on a control point but the stored base station position is not found in the receiver, it is possible that the information may have accidentally been deleted. In this case, use the display and keypad to manually set up the base station. Make sure that you use the same base station latitude, longitude, and height as in the previous setup otherwise you will experience position or height errors in all subsequent measurements. Trimble recommends that after any new base station setup, or at the start of each measurement session, you measure a known point to verify that position and height errors are within tolerance. This is good practice and it takes just a few seconds to eliminate potentially gross errors typically associated with repeated daily base station setups.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase Technology 7

The AutoBase process

Figure 7.1 shows the AutoBase process:

Power On

Receiver

looks for

application

files

Do application files exist?

AutoBase

Warning

On or Off?

Display

AutoBase

Warning

Off

Create new

application

file

Save new

application

file with

“Auto” base

name

Make new

“Auto”

application

file active

Figure 7.1 Autobase process flowchart

Ye s

Any

application

file that

corresponds

with the current

position?

Make

corresponding

application

file active

Ye s

Is there more

than one acceptable application

file?

Ye s

Make most

recently created

application

active

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 55

7 Automatically Setting up a Mobile Base Station Using AutoBase Technology

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER

Default Settings 8

In this chapter:

Q Default receiver settings

Q Resetting the receiver to

factory defaults

All settings are stored in application files. The default application file, Default.cfg, is stored permanently in the receiver, and contains the factory default settings for the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 receiver. Whenever the receiver is reset to its factory defaults, the current settings (stored in the current application file, Current.cfg) are reset to the values in the default application file.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 57

8 Default Settings

Default receiver settings

These settings are defined in the default application file.

Function Factory default

SV Enable All SVs enabled

General Controls: Elevation mask 10°

PDOP mask 7

RTK positioning mode Low Latency

Motion Kinematic

Lemo Port: Baud rate 38,400

Format 8-None-1

Flow control None

Modem Port: Baud rate 38,400

Format 8-None-1

Flow control None

Input Setup: Station Any

NMEA/ASCII (all supported messages) All ports Off

Streamed output All types Off

Offset = 00

RT17/Binary All ports Off

Reference position: Latitude 0°

Longitude 0°

Altitude 0.00 m HAE (Height above ellipsoid)

Antenna: Type Zephyr Geodetic Model 2

Height (true vertical) 0.00 m

Measurement method True vertical

Resetting the receiver to factory defaults

To reset the receiver to its factory defaults, press E for 35 seconds.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

CHAPTER

Specifications 9

In this chapter:

Q General specifications

Q Physical specifications

Q Electrical specifications

Q Communication

specifications

This chapter details the specifications for the AgGPS RTK Base receiver.

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 59

9 Specifications

General specifications

Feature Specification

Keyboard and display VFD display 16 characters by 2 rows

On/Off key for one button startup using AutoBase technology Escape and Enter key for menu navigation

Receiver type Modular GPS receiver

Antenna type Zephyr Geodetic Model 2

Also supports legacy Trimble antennas Zephyr Micro-Centered

™

, Z+ Choke Ring, Rugged Micro-Centered.

™

, Zephyr Geodetic,

Physical specifications

Feature Specification

Dimensions (L x W x H) 24 cm (9.4 in) x 12 cm (4.7 in) x 5 cm (1.9 in) including connectors

Weight 1.65 kg (3.64 lbs) receiver with internal battery and radio

1.55 kg (3.42 lbs) receiver with internal battery and no radio

Temperature

Operating Storage

Humidity 100%, condensing

Waterproof IP67 for submersion to depth of 1 m (3.28 ft)

Shock and vibration

Shock, non operating

Shock, operating Vibration

Measurements Advanced Trimble Maxwell

–40 °C to +65 °C (–40 °F to +149 °F) –40 °C to +80 °C (–40 °F to +176 °F)

Tested and meets the following environmental standards: Designed to survive a 2 m (6.6 ft) pole drop onto concrete

MIL-STD-810F, Fig. 514.5C-17 To 40 g, 10 ms, saw-tooth MIL-STD-810F, Fig 514.5C-17

™

Custom GPS chip

Proven Trimble low elevation tracking technology

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Electrical specifications

Feature Specification

Power

Internal

Integrated internal battery 7.4 V, 7800 mA-hr, Lithium-ion Internal battery operates as a UPS in the event of external power source outage

Internal battery will charge from external power source when input voltage is >15 V

Integrated charging circuitry

Specifications 9

External

Power consumption <8 W in RTK Base mode with internal transmit radio

Base station operation times on internal battery

Certification Part 15.247 and Part 90 FCC certifications

Power input on Lemo 7-P0S is optimized for lead acid batteries with a cut-off threshold of 10.5 V

Power source supply (Internal / External) is hot-swap capable in the event of power source removal or cut off

9 V to 30 V DC external power input with over-voltage protection

Receiver will automatically turn on when connected to external power source of 15 V or greater

Typically 8–10 hours based on transmitter power, types of messages transmitted, and temperature

Class B Device FCC Part 15 and ICES-003 certifications RSS-310, RSS-210 and RSS-119 Industry Canada certifications ACMA AS/NZS 4295 approval CE mark compliance C-tick mark compliance UN ST/SG/AC 10.11/Rev. 3 Amend. 1 (Li-ion Battery) UN ST/SG/AC 10/27/Add. 2 (Li-ion Battery) WEEE

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 61

9 Specifications

Communication specifications

Feature Specification

Communications

Port 1 (7-pin 0S Lemo) Port 2 (D-sub 26-pin)

Bluetooth

Integrated radios (optional)

3-wire RS-232/CAN Full RS-232 (through multi-port adaptor) 3-wire RS-232 USB (On the Go) Ethernet Fully-integrated, fully-sealed 2.4 GHz Bluetooth

Fully-integrated, fully-sealed internal 450 MHz, Tx, Rx, or Tx/Rx

Fully-integrated, fully-sealed internal 900 MHz, Tx, Rx, or Tx/Rx

Channel spacing (450 MHz)

Frequency approvals (900 MHz)

450 MHz transmitter radio power output

900 MHz transmitter radio power output

Data output Proprietary Trimble Ag CMR+

Bluetooth type approvals are country specific. For more information, contact your local Trimble office

or representative.

12.5 KHz or 25 KHz spacing available

USA (-10), Australia (-30), New Zealand (-20)

0.5 W / 2.0 W

1.0 W

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

APPENDIX

Required Radio and GPS Rover Firmware

In this appendix:

Q Radio firmware

This appendix describes the radios and radio firmware versions that are compatible with the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 GPS receiver.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 63

A Required Radio and GPS Rover Firmware

Radio firmware

The following table shows the compatible firmware versions for 900 MHz rover and repeater radios:

Table A.1 Compatible radio firmware versions

The AgGPS RTK Base 450 is compatible with the:

• SiteNet

• PDLFix 450

• PDL 450 radio

• AgGPS 450 radio

™

450 radio

The AgGPS RTK Base 900 is compatible with the SNB900 version 1.20 or higher.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Required Radio and GPS Rover Firmware A

GPS rover firmware

Version 3.1 or greater firmware is required on the AgGPS 252 and AgGPS 332 receivers. Version 3.3 or greater is required on the AgGPS 442 GNSS receiver.

The AgGPS 214 will not accept corrections from the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 receiver.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 65

A Required Radio and GPS Rover Firmware

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Upgrading the Receiver

APPENDIX

Firmware

In this appendix:

Q The WinFlash utility

Q Upgrading the receiver

firmware

Q Forcing the receiver into

Monitor mode

The GPS receiver is supplied with the latest version of the receiver firmware already installed. If a later version of the firmware becomes available, use the WinFlash utility to upgrade the firmware on your receiver.

Firmware updates are available to download from the Trimble website. Go to www.trimble.com/support.shtml and select the link to the receiver that you need updates for and then click Downloads.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 67

B Upgrading the Receiver Firmware

The WinFlash utility

The WinFlash utility communicates with Trimble products to perform various functions including:

• installing software, firmware, and option upgrades

• running diagnostics (for example, retrieving configuration information)

•configuring radios

For more information, online help is also available when using the WinFlash utility.

Note – The WinFlash utility runs on Microsoft Windows 95, 98, Windows NT

, 2000, Me, or XP operating systems.

Installing the WinFlash utility

The WinFlash utility guides you through the firmware upgrade process, as described below. For more information, refer to the WinFlash Help.

You can install the WinFlash utility from the Trimble website.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Upgrading the receiver firmware

1. Start the WinFlash utility. The Device Configuration screen appears.

2. From the Device type list, select Trimble AgGPS Receiver.

3. From the PC serial port field, select the serial (COM) port on the computer that the receiver is connected to.

Upgrading the Receiver Firmware B

4. Click

Next.

The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations list shows all of the supported operations for the selected device. A description of the selected operation is shown in the Description field.

5. Select Load GPS software and then click

Next.

The GPS Software Selection window appears. This screen prompts you to select the software that you want to install on the receiver.

6. From the Available Software list, select the latest version and then click

Next.

The Settings Review window appears. This screen prompts you to connect the receiver, suggests a connection method, and then lists the receiver configuration and selected operation.

7. If all is correct, click

Finish.

Based on the selections shown above, the Software Upgrade window appears and shows the status of the operation ( for example,

Please wait

8. Click

Establishing communication with <your receiver>.

.).

OK.

The Software Upgrade window appears again and states that the operation was completed successfully.

9. To select another operation, click

If you click

10. Click

Exit, the system prompts you to confirm.

OK.

Menu; to quit, click Exit.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 69

B Upgrading the Receiver Firmware

Forcing the receiver into Monitor mode

If the receiver will not go into Monitor mode to load new firmware, complete the following steps:

1. Turn off the receiver.

2. Press and hold

3. Continue to hold the

F while turning on the receiver.

F button as the display shows the

countdown timer.

4. Once the display shows

Remote Monitor Active:1, release the F

button.

The receiver is forced into Monitor mode and you can load the new firmware.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

APPENDIX

Troubleshooting C

In this appendix:

Q Receiver issues

Use this appendix to identify and solve common problems that may occur with the receiver.

Please read this section before you contact Technical Support.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 71

C Troubleshooting

Receiver issues

This section describes some possible receiver issues, possible causes, and how to solve them

Issue Possible cause Solution

The receiver does not turn on.

The receiver is not responding.

External power is too low. Check the charge on the external battery and, if

Internal power is too low. Check the charge on the internal battery.

External power is not properly connected.

Faulty power cable. Check that you are using the correct cable for the

Receiver needs a soft reset.

Receiver needs a full reset.

applicable, check the fuse.

Check that the Lemo connector or 26-pin adaptor is seated correctly, and that the cable is secured to the receiver.

Check for broken or bent pins in the connector.

port/battery.

Check that the correct battery is connected to a particular port.

The ports on the GPS receiver are optimized for use with different types of battery. The Lemo port is optimized for external 12 V batteries such as car, motorcycle, or truck batteries.

Turn off the receiver and then turn it back on again.

Press

for 35 seconds.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Issue Possible cause Solution

The base station receiver is not broadcasting.

Corrections are routed to a port rather than to the internal radio modem.

Poor radio antenna connections

You are using AutoBase and the AutoBase Warning function is enabled.

Faulty cable between receiver and radio.

No power to external radio.

Check that corrections are routed correctly using the receiver keypad and display.

Check that the antenna connections are made correctly. Ensure that the connectors are seated tightly and that there are no signs of damage to the cables.

If you set up on a new point on a site that has not been occupied previously, the AutoBase Warning will prohibit the base station from broadcasting.

Try a different cable.

Examine the ports for missing pins.

Use a multimeter to check pinouts.

If the radio has its own power supply, check the charge and connections.

If power is routed through the receiver, ensure that the receiver’s external power source if charged and that power output on Port 3 is enabled.

Troubleshooting C

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 73

C Troubleshooting

Issue Possible cause Solution

The receiver is not receiving satellite signals

The GPS antenna is connected to the wrong antenna connector.

The GPS antenna cable is loose.

The cable is damaged. Check the cable for any signs of damage. A

The GPS antenna is not in clear line of sight to the sky.

Make sure that the GPS antenna cable is tightly seated in the GPS antenna connection on the receiver and not connected to the wrong / radio antenna connector.

Make sure that the GPS antenna cable is tightly seated in the GPS antenna connection on the GPS antenna.

damaged cable can inhibit signal detection from the antenna at the receiver.

• Make sure that the GPS antenna is located with a clear view of the sky.

• Restart the receiver as a last resort (turn it off and then turn it on again).

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

APPENDIX

Drawings D

In this appendix:

Q Back view

Q Side view

Q Bottom view

The drawings in this appendix show the dimensions of the receiver. Refer to these drawings if you need to build mounting brackets and housings for the receiver.

The dimensions shown in these drawings are inches, with millimeters shown in brackets.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 75

D Drawings

Back view

Side view

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Bottom view

Drawings D

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 77

D Drawings

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

APPENDIX

Receiver Connector Pinout

Information

In this appendix:

Q Lemo connector

Q Modem multi-function

port

The receivers have a wide range of interfacing options. There are a large number adaptors and cables available from Trimble that provide most of the common interfacing combinations.

The receiver has two connectors:

• a zero shell 7-pin lemo connector

• a high-density 26-pin D-sub connector

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 79

E Receiver Connector Pinout Information

Lemo connector

The lemo connector is a 7-pin zero shell lemo connector.

Pin Usage

1 RS-232 Signal GND

2GND

3 RS-232 TX data out

4 CAN-

5 CAN+

6 DC Power In (+) 10.5-28 V DC

7 RS-232 Serial data in

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Modem multi-function port

Receiver Connector Pinout Information E

Pin 1 is top left

Pin 10 is middle left

Pin 19 is bottom left

Pin Usage

1 RS-232 Modem port data terminal ready (DTR)

2 RS-232 Modem port clear to send (CTS)

3 RS-232 Modem port Data Set Ready (DSR)

4 RS-232 Modem port Data Carrier Detect (DCD)

5 RS-232 Modem port Ring Indicator (RI)

6GND

7 RS-232 Modem port 2 Transmit Data (TX)

8 RS-232 Modem port 2 Receive Data (RX)

9USB+

10 Ethernet Ground (ET_GND RJ45 Pin 4)

11 RS-232 Modem port Ready to Send (TX)

12 RS-232 Modem port Transmit Data (TX)

13 Ethernet Ground (GND RJ45 Pin 5)

14 Ethernet Ground (GND RJ45 Pin 8)

15 USB ID

16 Ethernet Receive Data+ (RD-RJ45 Pin 6)

17 Ethernet Transmit Data+ (RD-RJ45 Pin 2)

18 USB-

19 USB Power

20 Not Used (60062-xx)

1PPS (62062-xx)

21 RS-232 Modem Port Receive Data (RX)

22 Ethernet Ground (GND RJ45 Pin 7)

Pin 9 is top right

Pin 18 is middle right

Pin 26 is bottom right

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 81

E Receiver Connector Pinout Information

Pin Usage

23 GND

24 DC Power In 9–28 V DC

25 Ethernet Receive Data+ (RD+, RJ45 Pin 3)

26 Ethernet Transmit Data+ (TD+, RJ45 Pin 1)

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Glossary

1PPS Pulse-per-second. Used in hardware timing. A pulse is generated in

conjunction with a time stamp. This defines the instant when the time stamp is applicable.

almanac A file that contains orbit information on all the satellites, clock corrections,

and atmospheric delay parameters. The almanac is transmitted by a GPS satellite to a GPS receiver, where it facilitates rapid acquisition of GPS signals when you start collecting data, or when you have lost track of satellites and are trying to regain GPS signals.

The orbit information is a subset of the emphemeris / ephemerides data.

AutoBase AutoBase technology uses the position of the receiver to automatically select

the correct base station; allowing for one button press operation of a base station. It shortens setup time associated with repeated daily base station setups at the same location on jobsites.

base station Also called reference station. A base station in construction, is a receiver

placed at a known point on a jobsite that tracks the same satellites as an RTK rover, and provides a real-time differential correction message stream through radio to the rover, to obtain centimeter level positions on a continuous real-time basis. A base station can also be a part of a virtual reference station network, or a location at which GPS observations are collected over a period of time, for subsequent postprocessing to obtain the most accurate position for the location.

BINEX BInary EXchange format. BINEX is an operational binary format standard

for GPS/GLONASS/SBAS research purposes. It has been designed to grow and allow encapsulation of all (or most) of the information currently allowed for in a range of other formats.

broadcast server

An Internet server that manages authentication and password control for a network of VRS servers, and relays VRS that you select.

™

corrections from the VRS server

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 83

Glossary

carrier A radio wave having at least one characteristic (such as frequency,

amplitude, or phase) that can be varied from a known reference value by modulation.

carrier frequency

The frequency of the unmodulated fundamental output of a radio transmitter. The GPS L1 carrier frequency is 1575.42 MHz.

carrier phase Is the cumulative phase count of the GPS or GLONASS carrier signal at a

given time.

cellular modems

A wireless adaptor that connects a laptop computer to a cellular phone system for data transfer. Cellular modems, which contain their own antennas, plug into a PC Card slot or into the USB port of the computer and are available for a variety of wireless data services such as GPRS.

CMR

CMR+

Compact Measurement Record. A real-time message format developed by Trimble for broadcasting corrections to other Trimble receivers. CMR is a more efficient alternative to RTCM.

covariance A statistical measure of the variance of two random variables that are

observed or measured in the same mean time period. This measure is equal to the product of the deviations of corresponding values of the two variables from their respective means.

datum Also called geodetic datum. A mathematical model designed to best fit the

geoid, defined by the relationship between an ellipsoid and, a point on the topographic surface, established as the origin of the datum. World geodetic datums are typically defined by the size and shape of an ellipsoid and the relationship between the center of the ellipsoid and the center of the earth.

Because the earth is not a perfect ellipsoid, any single datum will provide a better model in some locations than in others. Therefore, various datums have been established to suit particular regions.

For example, maps in Europe are often based on the European datum of 1950 (ED-50). Maps in the United States are often based on the North American datum of 1927 (NAD-27) or 1983 (NAD-83).

All GPS coordinates are based on the WGS-84 datum surface.

deep discharge Withdrawal of all electrical energy to the end-point voltage before the cell or

battery is recharged.

DGPS See real-time differential GPS.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Glossary

differential correction

Differential correction is the process of correcting GPS data collected on a rover with data collected simultaneously at a base station. Because the base station is on a known location, any errors in data collected at the base station can be measured, and the necessary corrections applied to the rover data.

Differential correction can be done in real-time, or after the data has been collected by postprocessing.

differential GPS See real-time differential GPS.

DOP Dilution of Precision. A measure of the quality of GPS positions, based on the

geometry of the satellites used to compute the positions. When satellites are widely spaced relative to each other, the DOP value is lower, and position accuracy is greater. When satellites are close together in the sky, the DOP is higher and GPS positions may contain a greater level of error.

PDOP (Position DOP) indicates the three-dimensional geometry of the satellites. Other DOP values include HDOP (Horizontal DOP) and VDOP (Vertical DOP), which indicate the accuracy of horizontal measurements (latitude and longitude) and vertical measurements respectively. PDOP is related to HDOP and VDOP as follows: PDOP = HDOP + VDOP

dual-frequency GPS

A type of receiver that uses both L1 and L2 signals from GPS satellites. A dual-frequency receiver can compute more precise position fixes over longer distances and under more adverse conditions because it compensates for ionospheric delays.

EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service. A satellite-based

augmentation system (SBAS) that provides a free-to-air differential correction service for GPS. EGNOS is the European equivalent of WAAS, which is available in the United States.

elevation mask The angle below which the receiver will not track satellites. Normally set to

10 degrees to avoid interference problems caused by buildings and trees, atmospheric issues, and multipath errors.

ellipsoid An ellipsoid is the three-dimensional shape that is used as the basis for

mathematically modeling the earth’s surface. The ellipsoid is defined by the lengths of the minor and major axes. The earth’s minor axis is the polar axis and the major axis is the equatorial axis.

emphemeris / ephemerides

A list of predicted (accurate) positions or locations of satellites as a function of time. A set of numerical parameters that can be used to determine a satellite’s position. Available as broadcast ephemeris or as postprocessed precise ephemeris.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 85

Glossary

epoch The measurement interval of a GPS receiver. The epoch varies according to

the measurement type: for real-time measurement it is set at one second; for postprocessed measurement it can be set to a rate of between one second and one minute. For example, if data is measured every 15 seconds, loading data using 30-second epochs means loading every alternate measurement.

feature A feature is a physical object or event that has a location in the real world,

which you want to collect position and/or descriptive information (attributes) about. Features can be classified as surface or non-surface features, and again as points, lines/breaklines, or boundaries/areas.

firmware The program inside the receiver that controls receiver operations and

hardware.

GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System. GLONASS is a Soviet space-

based navigation system comparable to the American GPS system. The operational system consists of 21 operational and 3 non-operational satellites in 3 orbit planes.

GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System.

GSOF General Serial Output Format. A Trimble proprietary message format.

HDOP Horizontal Dilution of Precision. HDOP is a DOP value that indicates the

accuracy of horizontal measurements. Other DOP values include VDOP (vertical DOP) and PDOP (Position DOP).

Using a maximum HDOP is ideal for situations where vertical precision is not particularly important, and your position yield would be decreased by the vertical component of the PDOP ( for example, if you are collecting data under canopy).

L1 The primary L-band carrier used by GPS and GLONASS satellites to

transmit satellite data.

L2 The secondary L-band carrier used by GPS and GLONASS satellites to

transmit satellite data.

L2C A modernized code that allows significantly better ability to track the L2

frequency.

L5 The third L-band carrier used by GPS satellites to transmit satellite data. L5

will provide a higher power level than the other carriers. As a result, acquiring and tracking weak signals will be easier.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Glossary

Moving Base Moving Base is an RTK positioning technique in which both reference and

rover receivers are mobile. Corrections are sent from a “base” receiver to a “rover” receiver and the resultant baseline (vector) has centimeter-level accuracy.

MSAS MTSAT Satellite-Based Augmentation System. A satellite-based

augmentation system (SBAS) that provides a free-to-air differential correction service for GPS. MSAS is the Japanese equivalent of WAAS, which is available in the United States.

multipath Interference, similar to ghosts on an analog television screen, that occurs

when GPS signals arrive at an antenna having traversed different paths. The signal traversing the longer path yields a larger pseudorange estimate and increases the error. Multiple paths can arise from reflections off the ground or off structures near the antenna.

NMEA National Marine Electronics Association. NMEA 0183 defines the standard

for interfacing marine electronic navigational devices. This standard defines a number of 'strings' referred to as NMEA strings that contain navigational details such as positions. Most Trimble GPS receivers can output positions as NMEA strings.

OmniSTAR The OmniSTAR HP/XP service allows the use of new generation dual-

frequency receivers with the OmniSTAR service. The HP/XP service does not rely on local reference stations for its signal, but utilizes a global satellite monitoring network. Additionally, while most current dual-frequency GPS systems are accurate to within a meter or so, OmniSTAR with XP is accurate in 3D to better than 30 cm.

PDOP Position Dilution of Precision. PDOP is a DOP value that indicates the

accuracy of three-dimensional measurements. Other DOP values include VDOP (vertical DOP) and HDOP (Horizontal Dilution of Precision).

Using a maximum PDOP value is ideal for situations where both vertical and horizontal precision are important.

postprocessing Postprocessing is the processing of satellite data after it has been collected,

in order to eliminate error. This involves using computer software to compare data from the rover with data collected at the base station.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 87

Glossary

real-time differential GPS

Also known as real-time differential correction or DGPS. Real-time differential GPS is the process of correcting GPS data as you collect it. Corrections are calculated at a base station and then sent to the receiver through a radio link. As the rover receives the position it applies the corrections to give you a very accurate position in the field.

Most real-time differential correction methods apply corrections to code phase positions.

While DGPS is a generic term, its common interpretation is that it entails the use of single-frequency code phase data sent from a GPS base station to a rover GPS receiver to provide sub-meter position accuracy. The rover receiver can be at a long range (greater than 100 kms (62 miles)) from the base station.

rover A rover is any mobile GPS receiver that is used to collect or update data in

the field, typically at an unknown location.

Roving mode Roving mode applies to the use of a rover receiver to collect data, stakeout,

or control earthmoving machinery in real time using RTK techniques.

RTCM Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services. A commission

established to define a differential data link for the real-time differential correction of roving GPS receivers. There are three versions of RTCM correction messages. All Trimble GPS receivers use Version 2 protocol for single-frequency DGPS type corrections. Carrier phase corrections are available on Version 2, or on the newer Version 3 RTCM protocol, which is available on certain Trimble dual-frequency receivers. The Version 3 RTCM protocol is more compact but is not as widely supported as Version 2.

RTK real-time kinematic. A real-time differential GPS method that uses carrier

phase measurements for greater accuracy.

SBAS Satellite-Based Augmentation System. SBAS is based on differential GPS, but

applies to wide area (WAAS/EGNOS and MSAS) networks of reference stations. Corrections and additional information are broadcast via geostationary satellites.

signal-to-noise ratio

SNR. The signal strength of a satellite is a measure of the information content of the signal, relative to the signal’s noise. The typical SNR of a satellite at 30° elevation is between 47 and 50 dBHz.

skyplot The satellite skyplot confirms reception of a differentially corrected GPS

signal and displays the number of satellites tracked by the GPS receiver, as well as their relative positions.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

Glossary

SNR See signal-to-noise ratio.

triple frequency GPS

A type of receiver that uses three carrier phase measurements (L1, L2, and L5).

UTC Universal Time Coordinated. A time standard based on local solar mean

time at the Greenwich meridian.

VRS Virtual Reference Station. A VRS system consists of GPS hardware, software,

and communication links. It uses data from a network of base stations to provide corrections to each rover that are more accurate than corrections from a single base station.

To start using VRS corrections, the rover sends its position to the VRS server. The VRS server uses the base station data to model systematic errors (such as ionospheric noise) at the rover position. It then sends RTCM correction messages back to the rover.

WAA S Wide Area Augmentation System. WAAS was established by the Federal

Aviation Administration (FAA) for flight and approach navigation for civil aviation. WAAS improves the accuracy and availability of the basic GPS signals over its coverage area, which includes the continental United States and outlying parts of Canada and Mexico.

The WAAS system provides correction data for visible satellites. Corrections are computed from ground station observations and then uploaded to two geostationary satellites. This data is then broadcast on the L1 frequency, and is tracked using a channel on the GPS receiver, exactly like a GPS satellite.

Use WAAS when other correction sources are unavailable, to obtain greater accuracy than autonomous positions. For more information on WAAS, refer to the FAA website at http://gps.faa.gov.

The EGNOS service is the European equivalent and MSAS is the Japanese equivalent of WAAS.

WGS-84 World Geodetic System 1984. Since January 1987, WGS-84 has superseded

WGS-72 as the datum used by GPS. The WGS-84 datum is based on the ellipsoid of the same name.

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide 89

Glossary

GPS RTK Base GPS Receiver User Guide

NORTH & SOUTH AMERICA

Trimble Agriculture Division

10355 Westmoor Drive, Suite

#100

Westminster, CO 80021

USA

EUROPE

Trimble GmbH

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65479 Raunheim

GERMANY

ASIA-PACIFIC

Trimble Navigation Australia PTY

Limited

Level 1/120 Wickham Street

Fortitude Valley, QLD 4006

AUSTRALIA

www.trimble .com

Trimble AgGPS RTK Base 450, AgGPS RTK Base 900 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Legal Notices

Safety Information

Regulations and safety

Type approval

Exposure to radio frequency radiation

For 450 MHz radio

For license-free 900 MHz radio

For Bluetooth radio

Installing antennas

Battery safety

Contents

Introduction 1

About the AgGPS RTK Base GPS receivers

Related information

Technical support

Your comments

Features and Functions 2

AgGPS RTK Base receiver features

Use and care

COCOM limits

Keypad and display

Rear connectors

Batteries and Power 3

External power

Battery safety

Battery performance

Charging the Lithium-ion battery

Storing the Lithium-ion battery

Removing the Lithium-ion battery

Setup Guidelines 4

Base station operation guidelines

Base station components

Base station setup guidelines

Permanent installation antenna cabling for the AgGPS RTK Base 450/900 GPS receiver

Setting up the Receiver 5

Common ways to set up a base station

Setting up a base station for permanent installation

Setting up a mobile base station: Tripod and fixed height tripod

Tripod and tribrach setup

Fixed height tripod setup

External radio-modems

Configuring the Receiver Using the Keypad and Display

Button functions

Power button operations

Home screen

Status screens

Configuring the receiver as a base receiver

Configuring the receiver

Configuring system settings

AutoBase Warning

Working with AutoBase technology

Scenario One: First visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned off

Scenario Two: First visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned on

Scenario Three: Repeat visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned off

Scenario Four: Repeat visit to a site with AutoBase Warning turned on

The AutoBase process

Default Settings 8

Default receiver settings

Resetting the receiver to factory defaults

specifications

General specifications

Physical specifications

Electrical specifications

Communication specifications

Required Radio and GPS Rover Firmware

Radio firmware

GPS rover firmware

The WinFlash utility

Installing the WinFlash utility

Upgrading the receiver firmware

Forcing the receiver into Monitor mode

Troubleshooting C

Receiver issues

Drawings D

Back view

Side view