TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TPS5102 Technical data

G

TPS5102

DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

INV1

FB1

C
R

GND

REF
STBY1
STBY2

V

CC

COMP

FB2

INV2

DBT PACKAGE

(TOP VIEW)

1

30

2

29

3

28

4

27
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

26

25

24

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

16

T
T

LH1
OUT1_u
LL1
OUT1_d
OUTGND1
TRIP1
VCC_CNTP
TRIP2
VREF5
REG5V_IN
OUTGND2
OUT2_d
LL2
OUT2_u
LH2

D

Dual, Step-Down for Notebook System
Power

D

4.5 V to 25 V Input Voltage Range

D

Adjustable Output Voltage

D

95% Efficiency Achievable

D

PWM/Skip Mode Control Maintains High
Efficiency Under Light Load Conditions

D

Fixed-Frequency Operation

D

Resistorless Current Protection

D

Fixed High-Side Driver Voltage

D

Low Quiescent Current (0.6 mA, <1 µA for
Standby)

D

Small 30-Pin TSSOP

D

EVM Available (TPS5102EVM-135)

description

SOFTSTART1

PWM_SKIP

SOFTSTART2

The TPS5102 is a dual, high efficiency controller designed for notebook system power requirements. Under light
load conditions, high efficiency is maintained as the controller switches from the PWM mode to the lower
frequency Skip mode.

These two operating modes, along with the synchronous-rectifier drivers, dead-time, and very low quiescent
current, allow power to be conserved and the battery life extended, under all load conditions.

The resistor-less current protection and fixed high-side driver voltage simplify the system design and reduce
the external parts count. The wide input voltage range and adjustable output voltages allow flexibility for using
the TPS5102 in notebook power supply applications.

5 V

+

C1

ND

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

C2

R2

C4

C5

R3

R1

C8

R4

C3

C6

R5

C7

C9

R7

TPS5102DBT

R6

U1

C10

C11

D1

D2

R8

R11

R9

R10

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

L1

Vo1

+

C12

C13

+

Vo2

L2

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

Copyright  1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated

1

TPS5102
DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

functional block diagram

V

CC

To Channel 2

STNBY2
STNBY1

VREF5

REF

COMP

PWM/SKIP

SOFTSTART

1.185 V

+
_

3.8 V

+
_

1.1 V

_
+

UVLO

SOFTSTART

Skip Comp

REF

To
Channel 2

Channel 2

To
Channel 2

VREF5

_
+

4.5 V

OSC

To Channel 2

To

1 Shot

Sync.

Signal

To

Channel 2

REG5V_IN

RT
CT

LH
OUT_U
LL

OUT_D
OUTGND

VCC_CNTP

_

_

INV

FB

2

+
+

1.185 V

Error Amp

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

+

PWM Comp

+
_

TRIP

I/O

DESCRIPTION

TPS5102

DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

AVAILABLE OPTIONS

T

A

–40°C to 85°C TPS5102IDBT TPS5102EVM-135

TERMINAL

NAME NO.

COMP 12 I/O Voltage monitor comparator input
C

T

FB1 2 O CH1 error amp output
FB2 14 O CH2 error amp output
GND 7 Control GND
INV1 1 I CH1 inverting input
INV2 15 I CH2 inverting input
LH1 30 I/O CH1 boost capacitor connection
LH2 16 I/O CH2 boost capacitor connection
LL1 28 I/O CH1 boost circuit connection
LL2 18 I/O CH2 boost circuit connection
OUT1_d 27 I/O CH1 low-side gate-drive output
OUT2_d 19 O CH2 low-side gate-drive output
OUT1_u 29 O CH1 high-side drive output
OUT2_u 17 O CH2 high-side drive output
OUTGND1 26 Output GND 1
OUTGND2 20 Output GND 2
PWM_SKIP 4 I PWM/SKIP mode select

REF 8 O 1.185-V reference voltage output
REG5V_IN 21 I External 5-V input
R

T

SOFTSTAR T1 3 I/O External capacitor connection for CH1soft start timing.
SOFTSTART2 13 I/O External capacitor connection for CH2 soft start timing.
STBY1 9 I CH1 stand-by control
STBY2 10 I CH2 stand-by control
TRIP2 23 I External resistor connection for CH2 over current protection.
TRIP1 25 I External resistor connection for CH1 over current protection.
V

CC

V

5 22 O 5-V internal regulator output

ref

VCC_CNTP 24 I Supply voltage sense input

5 I/O External capacitor connection for switching frequency adjustment

L:PWM mode H:SKIP mode

6 I/O External resistor connection for switching frequency adjustment

11 Supply voltage input

PACKAGE EVM

TSSOP(DBT)

TPS5102IDBTR

Terminal Functions

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

3

TPS5102
DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

detailed description

Vref (1.185 V)

The reference voltage is used to set the output voltage and the overvoltage protection (COMP).

Vref5 (5 V)

The internal linear voltage regulator is used for the high-side driver bootstrap voltage. Since the input voltage
range is from 4.5 V to 25 V, this feature offers a fixed voltage for the bootstrap voltage greatly simplifying the
drive design. It is also used for powering the low side driver. The tolerance is 6%.

5-V Switch

If the internal 5 V switch senses a 5-V input from REG5V_IN pin, the internal 5-V linear regulator will be
disconnected from the MOSFET drivers. The external 5 V will be used for both the low-side driver and the high
side bootstrap, thus increasing the efficiency.

PWM/SKIP

This pin is used to change between PWM and Skip mode. If the pin is lower than 0.5-V , the IC is in regular PWM
mode; if a minimum 2-V is applied to this pin, the IC works in Skip mode. In light load condition (<0.2 A), the
skip mode gives a short pulse to the low-side FET instead of a full pulse. By this control, switching frequency
is lowered, reducing switching loss; also the output capacitor energy discharging through the output inductor
and the low-side FET is prevented. Therefore, the IC can achieve high efficiency at light load conditions
(< 0.2 A).

err-amp

Each channel has its own error amplifier to regulate the output voltage of the synchronous-buck converter. It
is used in the PWM mode for the high output current condition (>0.2A). Voltage mode control is applied.

skip comparator

In Skip mode, each channel has its own hysteretic comparator to regulate the output voltage of the
synchronous-buck converter. The hysteresis is set internally and typically at 8.5 mV. The delay from the
comparator input to the driver output is typically 1.2 µs.

low-side driver

The low-side driver is designed to drive low-Rds(on) n-channel MOSFETs. The maximum drive voltage is 5 V
from Vref5. The current rating of the driver is typically 1 A, source and sink.

high-side driver

The high side driver is designed to drive low-Rds(on) n-channel MOSFETs. The current rating of the driver is
1 A, source and sink. When configured as a floating driver, the bias voltage to the driver is developed from V ref5,
limiting the maximum drive voltage between OUT_u and LL to 5 V. The maximum voltage that can be applied
between LHx and OUTGND is 30 V.

deadtime control

Deadtime prevents shoot–through current from flowing through the main power FETs during switching
transitions by actively controlling the turn-on time of the MOSFETs drivers. The typical deadtime from
low-side-driver-off to high-side-driver-on is 70 ns, and 85 ns from high-side-driver-off to low-side-driver-on.

4

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

detailed description (continued)

current protection

Current protection is achieved by sensing the high-side power MOSFET drain-to-source voltage drop during
on-time at VCC_CNTP and LL. An external resistor between Vin and TRIP pin in serial with the internal current
source adjusts the current limit. When the voltage drop during the on-time is high enough, the current
comparator triggers the current protection and the circuit is reset. The reset repeats until the over-current
condition is removed.

COMP

COMP is an internal comparator used for any voltage protection such as the output under-voltage protection
for notebook power applications. If the core voltage is lower than the setpoint, the comparator turns off both
channels to prevent the notebook from damage.

SOFT1, SOFT2

Separate softstart terminals make it possible to set the start-up time of each output for any possibility.

STBY1, STBY2

Both channels can be switched into standby mode separately by grounding the STBY pin. The standby current
is as low as 1 µA.

TPS5102

ULVO

When the input voltage goes up to about 4 V, the IC is turned on, ready to function. When the input voltage is
lower than the turn-on value, the IC is turned off. The typical hysteresis is 40 mV.

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

5

TPS5102

Input voltage, V

V

DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted)

†

Supply voltage, Vcc (see Note 1) -0.3 V to 27 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Input voltage, INV -0.3 V to 7 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SOFTSTART -0.3 V to 7 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COMP -0.3 V to 6 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

REG5_IN -0.3 V to 6 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

STBY -0.3 V to 15 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Driver current 3 A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TRIP -0.3 V to 27 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C

-0.3 V to 7 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

T

RT -0.3 V to 7 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LL -0.3 V to 27 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LH -0.3 V to 32 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

OUT_u -0.3 V to 32 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

OUT_d -0.3 V to 7 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PWM/SKIP -0.3 V to 7 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

VCC_Sense -0.3 V to 27V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power dissipation (T

= 25°C) 874 mW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A

Operating temperature (TA) -40°C to 85°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operating temperature (TJ) -40°C to 125°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Storage temperature (T

†

Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

NOTES: 1. All voltage values are with respect to the network ground terminal.

2. This rating is specified at duty ≤10% on output rise and fall each pulse. Each pulse width (rise and fall) for the peak current should
not exceed 2 µs.

3. See Dissipation Rating Table for free-air temperature range above 25°C.

-55°C to 150°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

STG)

DISSIPATION RATING TABLE

PACKAGE

DBT 874 mW 6.993 mW/°C 454 mW

TA ≤ 25°C

POWER RATING

DERATING FACTOR

ABOVE TA = 25°C

TA = 85°C

POWER RATING

recommended operating conditions

PARAMETERS MIN NOM MAX UNIT

Supply voltage, Vcc 4.5 25 V

INV1/2 CT RT, PWM/SKIP, SOFTSTART 6

p

Oscillator frequency

Operation temperature range, T

I

A

5 V_IN -0.1 5.5
STBY1, STBY2 12
TRIP1/2 VCC_SENSE -0.1 25

C

T

R

T

f

PWM 200 KHz

osc

100 pF

82 kΩ

-40 85 °C

6

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

Vref

Reference voltage

V

fosc change

V

H-level output voltage

V

V

L-level output voltage

V

TPS5102

DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 7 V
(unless otherwise noted)

reference voltage

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

TA = 25°C, I
I

= 50 µA 1.155 1.215

vref

Regin Line regulation Vcc = 4.5, 25V, I = 50 µA 0.2 12 mV
Regl Load regulation I = 0.1 µA to 1 mA 0.5 10 mV

quiescent current

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Icc Operating current without switching
Iccs Stand-by current Both STBY < 0.5 V, Vin = 4.5 – 25 V 1 1000 nA

Both STBY > 2.5 V,
No switching, Vin = 4.5 – 25 V

oscillator

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

fosc Frequency PWM operation 500 kHz
R
fdv
fdt

oscH

oscL

T

Timing resistor 56 kΩ

Vcc = 4.5 V to 25 V 0.1%
TA = -40°C to 85°C 2%

p

p

DC, includes internal comparator error 1 1.1 1.2
Fosc = 200 kHz, Includes internal comparator error 1.17
Includes internal comparator error 0.4 0.5 0.6
Fosc = 200 kHz, Includes internal comparator error 0.43

= 50 µA 1.167 1.185 1.203

vref

0.6 1.5 mA

error amp

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Vio Input offset voltage TA = 25°C ±2 ±10 mV
Av Open-loop voltage gain 50 dB
GB Unity-gain bandwidth 0.8 MHz
Isnk Output sink current Vo = 0.4 V 30 45 µA
Isrc Output source current Vo = 1 V 300 µA

skip comparator

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

†

Vhys
Vhoff Offset voltage 2 mV
Ihbias Bias current 10 pA
T

LHT

T

LH

†

Vhys is assured by design.

‡

The total delay in the table includes the driver delay.

Hysteresis window 6 9.5 13 mV

Propagation delay‡ from INV to OUTxU TTL input signal 0.7 µs

10 mV overdrive on hysteresis band signal 1.2 µs

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

7

TPS5102

STBY1, STBY2

V

STBY to driver output

s

Threshold voltage

Threshold voltage

Internal current source

A

Vo

V

A

Vo

V

A

DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 7 V
(unless otherwise noted) (continued)

driver deadtime

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

T

DRVLH

T

DRVHL

standby

V

IH

V

IL

T

turnon

T

turnoff

5V regulator

V

O

Regin Line regulation Vcc = 5.5 V, 25 V, I = 10 mA 20 mV
Regl Load regulation I = 1 V, 10 mA, Vcc = 5.5 V 40 mV
Ios Short-circuit output current Vref = 0 V 80 mA

Low side to high side 70 nS
High side to low side 85 nS

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

H-level input voltage
L-level input voltage
Propagation delay
Propagation delay

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Output voltage I = 10 mA 4.7 5.3 V

p

2.5

0.5

1.5

1.8

µ

5-V internal switch

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

V

TLH

V

THL

V

hys

Hysteresis 30 150 mV

UVLO

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

V

TLH

V

THL

V

hys

Hysteresis 10 40 150 mV

current limit

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Input offset voltage 2.5 mV

driver output

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

OUT_u sink current
OUT_d sink current
OUT_u source current
OUT_d source current

4.2 4.8 V

4.1 4.7 V

3.7 4.2 V

3.6 4.1 V

PWM mode 10 15 20
Skip mode 3 5 7

= 3

= 3

0.5 1.2

0.5 1.2
–1 –1.7
–1 –1.5

µ

8

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

Threshold voltage (skip mode)

V

Threshold

V

Dela

ns

TPS5102

DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 7 V
(unless otherwise noted) (continued)

softstart

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

I

CTRL

V

TLH

V

THL

output voltage protection (COMP)

†

The delay time in the table includes the driver delay.

PWM/SKIP

Soft-start current 1.8 2.5 3 µA
Maximum discharge current 0.92 mA

p

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Threshold voltage 0.9 1.1 1.3 V
Progagation delay†, 50% duty cycle,

No capacitor on COMP or OUT_u pin,
Frequency = 200 kHz

PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

y

Turnon 900 ns

Turnoff (with channel on) 400 ns

High to low 0.5
Low to high 2
High to low 550
Low to high 400

3.4 3.9 4.7

1.8 2.6 3.4

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265

9

TPS5102
DUAL, HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONTROLLER FOR NOTEBOOK PC POWER

SLVS239 - SEPTEMBER 1999

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS

QUIESCENT CURRENT (BOTH CHANNELS ON)

vs

INPUT VOLTAGE

800

700

Aµ

600

500

400

300

200

IQ – Quiescent Current –

100

0

010

TJ = 125°C

TJ = 25°C

VCC - Supply Voltage - V

TJ = -40°C

20 30

Figure 1

DRIVE CURRENT (SOURCE)

vs

DRIVE VOLTAGE

6

QUIESCENT CURRENT (BOTH CHANNELS STANDBY)

vs

INPUT VOLTAGE

160

140

120

100

80

60

– Quiescent Current – nA

40

Off

I

20

0

4.5 7 10 15

TJ = 125°C

TJ = -40°C

TJ = 25°C

20 25

VCC - Supply Voltage - V

Figure 2

DRIVE CURRENT (SINK)

vs

DRIVE VOLTAGE

3.5

5

4

3

2

– Driver Output Voltage – V

(src)

V

1

0

TJ = 25°C

0.1 0.5
I

- Driver Source Current - A

(src)

Figure 3

TJ = -40°C

TJ = 125°C

3

2.5

2

1.5

– Driver Output Voltage – V

1

(snk)

V

0.5

1

0

0.1 0.5
I

(snk)

TJ = 125°C

TJ = 25°C

TJ = -40°C

1

- Driver Sink Current - A

Figure 4

10

POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265