PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
D
Complete PWM Power Control Circuitry
D
Uncommitted Outputs for 200-mA Sink or
Source Current
D
Output Control Selects Single-Ended or
Push-Pull Operation
D
Internal Circuitry Prohibits Double Pulse at
FEEDBACK
Either Output
D
Variable Dead Time Provides Control Over
Total Range
D
Internal Regulator Provides a Stable 5-V
Reference Supply Trimmed to 1%
D
Circuit Architecture Allows Easy
Synchronization
D
Undervoltage Lockout for Low V
CC
Conditions
description
The TL594 incorporates all the functions required in the construction of a pulse-width-modulation control circuit
on a single chip. Designed primarily for power-supply control, these devices offer the systems engineer the
flexibility to tailor the power-supply control circuitry to a specific application.
D OR N PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
1IN+
1
1IN–
2
3
DTC
4
CT
5
RT
6
GND
7
C1
8
2IN+
16
2IN–
15
REF
14
OUTPUT CTRL
13
V
12
CC
C2
11
E2
10
E1
9
TL594
The TL594 contains two error amplifiers, an on-chip adjustable oscillator, a dead-time control (DTC)
comparator, a pulse-steering control flip-flop, a 5-V regulator with a precision of 1%, an undervoltage lockout
control circuit, and output control circuitry.
The error amplifiers exhibit a common-mode voltage range from –0.3 V to VCC –2 V . The DTC comparator has
a fixed offset that provides approximately 5% dead time. The on-chip oscillator can be bypassed by terminating
RT to the reference output and providing a sawtooth input to CT, or it can be used to drive the common circuitry
in synchronous multiple-rail power supplies.
The uncommitted output transistors provide either common-emitter or emitter-follower output capability . Each
device provides for push-pull or single-ended output operation, with selection by means of the output-control
function. The architecture of these devices prohibits the possibility of either output being pulsed twice during
push-pull operation. The undervoltage lockout control circuit locks the outputs off until the internal circuitry is
operational.
The TL594C is characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C. The TL594I is characterized for operation from
–40°C to 85°C.
FUNCTION TABLE
INPUT
OUTPUT
CTRL
VI = –0 Single-ended or parallel output
VI = V
ref
OUTPUT FUNCTION
Normal push-pull operation
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated
1
TL594
CHIP FORM
TL594Y
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGED DEVICES
0°C to 70°C TL594CD TL594CN
–40°C to 85°C TL594ID TL594IN
The D package is available taped and reeled. Add “R” suffix to device type (e.g.,
TL594CDR). Chip forms are tested at 25°C.
functional block diagram
6
RT
CT
DTC
5
≈ 0.1 V
4
Oscillator
T
A
DTC
Comparator
SMALL OUTLINE
(D)
PLASTIC DIP
1D
(N)
OUTPUT CTRL
(see Function Table)
C1
13
(Y)
8
C1
9
E1
IN+
IN–
IN+
IN–
FEEDBACK
Error Amplifier 1
1
+
2
16
15
3
1
–
Error Amplifier 2
+
2
–
PWM
Comparator
0.7 mA
Pulse-Steering
Flip-Flop
Reference
Regulator
Undervoltage
Lockout
Control
11
10
12
14
C2
E2
V
CC
REF
7
GND
2
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TL594
Package thermal impedance, θ
(see Notes 2 and 3)
°C
O erating free-air tem erature, T
A
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
TL594X UNIT
Supply voltage, VCC (see Note 1) 41 V
Amplifier input voltage VCC+0.3 V
Collector output voltage 41 V
Collector output current 250 mA
p
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds 260 °C
Storage temperature range, T
†
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTES: 1. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to the network ground terminal.
2. Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max),
ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) – TA)/
3. The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51, except for through-hole packages, which use a trace
length of zero.
stg
JA
θ
, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable
θ
JA
JA
. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can impact reliability.
D package 73
N package 88
–65 to 150 °C
°
recommended operating conditions
MIN MAX UNIT
Supply voltage, V
Amplifier input voltage, V
Collector output voltage, V
Collector output current (each transistor) 200 mA
Current into feedback terminal 0.3 mA
Timing capacitor , C
Timing resistor , R
Oscillator frequency, f
p
CC
T
I
O
T
osc
p
TL594C 0 70 °C
TL594I –40 85 °C
7 40 V
–0.3 VCC–2 V
40 V
0.47 10000 nF
1.8 500 kΩ
1 300 kHz
†
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
3
TL594
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
†
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
†
UNIT
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, VCC = 15 V,
(unless otherwise noted)
reference section
TL594C, TL594I
MIN TYP‡MAX
Output voltage (REF) IO = 1 mA, TA = 25°C 4.95 5 5.05 V
Input regulation VCC = 7 V to 40 V, TA = 25°C 2 25 mV
Output regulation IO = 1 to 10 mA, TA = 25°C 14 35 mV
Output-voltage change with temperature ∆TA = MIN to MAX 2 10 mV/V
Short-circuit output current
†
For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions.
‡
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25°C.
§
Duration of the short circuit should not exceed one second.
amplifier section (see Figure 1)
Input offset voltage, error amplifier FEEDBACK = 2.5 V 2 10 mV
Input offset current FEEDBACK = 2.5 V 25 250 nA
Input bias current FEEDBACK = 2.5 V 0.2 1 µA
Common-mode input voltage range,
error amplifier
Open-loop voltage amplification, error
amplifier
Unity-gain bandwidth VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V, RL = 2 kΩ 800 kHz
Common-mode rejection ratio, error
amplifier
Output sink current, FEEDBACK VID = –15 mV to –5 V, FEEDBACK = 0.5 V 0.3 0.7 mA
Output source current, FEEDBACK VID = 15 mV to 5 V, FEEDBACK = 3.5 V –2 mA
‡
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25°C.
§
VCC = 7 V to 40 V
∆VO = 3 V, RL = 2 kΩ, VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V 70 95 dB
VCC = 40 V, TA = 25°C 65 80 dB
V
= 0 10 35 50 mA
ref
TL594C, TL594I
MIN TYP‡MAX
0.3
to
VCC–2
V
oscillator section, CT = 0.01 µF, RT = 12 kΩ (see Figure 2)
†
‡
¶
#
4
TL594C, TL594I
MIN TYP‡MAX
Frequency 10 kHz
Standard deviation of frequency
Frequency change with voltage VCC = 7 V to 40 V, TA = 25°C 1 Hz/kHz
Frequency change with temperature
For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions.
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25°C.
Standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula:
N
ȍ
n+1
(xn*
N*1
Ǹ
s
+
Temperature coefficient of timing capacitor and timing resistor not taken into account.
¶
#
2
)
X
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
All values of VCC, CT, RT, and TA constant 100 Hz/kHz
∆TA = MIN to MAX 50 Hz/kHz
TL594
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
Input threshold voltage
V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
Collector-emitter saturation voltage
V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
‡
UNIT
Threshold voltage
V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
Standby supply current
ref
,
mA
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 15 V,
(unless otherwise noted)
dead-time control section (see Figure 2)
TL594C, TL594I
MIN TYP†MAX
Input bias current VI = 0 to 5.25 V –2 –10 µA
Maximum duty cycle, each output DTC = 0 V 0.45
p
†
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25°C.
output section
VC = 40 V, VE = 0 V, VCC = 40 V 2 100
Collector off-state current
Emitter off-state current VCC = VC = 40 V, VE = 0 –100 µA
Common emitter VE = 0, IC = 200 mA 1.1 1.3
Emitter follower VC = 15 V, IE = –200 mA 1.5 2.5
Output control input current VI = V
†
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25°C.
DTC and OUTPUT CTRL = 0 V,
VC = 15 V, VE = 0 V, VCC = 1 to 3 V
ref
Zero duty cycle 3 3.3
Maximum duty cycle 0
TL594C, TL594I
MIN TYP†MAX
4 200
3.5 mA
µA
pwm comparator section (see Figure 2)
TL594C, TL594I
MIN TYP†MAX
Input threshold voltage, FEEDBACK Zero duty cycle 4 4.5 V
Input sink current, FEEDBACK FEEDBACK = 0.5 V 0.3 0.7 mA
†
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25°C.
undervoltage lockout section (see Figure 2)
TL594C, TL594I
MIN MAX
TA = 25°C 6
∆TA = MIN to MAX 3.5 6.9
Hysteresis
‡
For conditions shown as MIN or MAX, use the appropriate value specified under recommended operating conditions.
§
Hysteresis is the difference between the positive-going input threshold voltage and the negative-going input threshold voltage.
Average supply current DTC = 2 V, See Figure 2 12.4 mA
†
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25°C.
§
pp
RT at V
All other inputs and outputs open
,
VCC = 15 V 9 15
VCC = 40 V 11 18
100 mV
TL594C, TL594I
MIN TYP†MAX
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
5
TL594
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
Common-emitter configuration (see Figure 3
Emitter-follower configuration (see Figure 4)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 15 V,
(unless otherwise noted) (continued)
switching characteristics, T
Output-voltage rise time
Output-voltage fall time
Output-voltage rise time
Output-voltage fall time
†
All typical values except for parameter changes with temperature are at TA = 25°C.
= 25°C
A
TL594C, TL594I
MIN TYP†MAX
100 200 ns
30 100 ns
200 400 ns
45 100 ns
electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, VCC = 15 V, TA = 25°C
(unless otherwise noted)
reference section
TL594Y
MIN TYP MAX
Output voltage (REF) IO = 1 mA 5 V
Input regulation VCC = 7 V to 40 V 2 mV
Output regulation IO = 1 to 10 mA 14 mV
(xn*
N*1
‡
§
2
X
)
All values of VCC, CT, RT, and TA constant 100 Hz/kHz
V
= 0 35 mA
ref
TL594Y
MIN TYP MAX
Short-circuit output current
‡
Duration of the short circuit should not exceed one second.
oscillator section, CT = 0.01 µF, RT = 12 kΩ (see Figure 2)
Frequency 10 kHz
Standard deviation of frequency
Frequency change with voltage VCC = 7 V to 40 V 1 Hz/kHz
§
Standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula:
N
ȍ
Ǹ
s
+
n+1
amplifier section (see Figure 1)
Input offset voltage, error amplifier FEEDBACK = 2.5 V 2 mV
Input offset current FEEDBACK = 2.5 V 25 nA
Input bias current FEEDBACK = 2.5 V 0.2 µA
Open-loop voltage amplification, error
amplifier
Unity-gain bandwidth VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V, RL = 2 kΩ 800 kHz
Common-mode rejection ratio, error
amplifier
Output sink current, FEEDBACK VID = –15 mV to –5 V, FEEDBACK = 0.5 V 0.7 mA
6
TL594Y
MIN TYP MAX
∆VO = 3 V, RL = 2 kΩ, VO = 0.5 V to 3.5 V 95 dB
VCC = 40 V, TA = 25°C 80 dB
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TL594
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
Collector-emitter saturation voltage
V
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
UNIT
Common-emitter configuration (see Figure 3)
Emitter-follower configuration (see Figure 4)
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
electrical characteristics over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VCC = 15 V,
T
= 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
A
dead-time control section (see Figure 2)
TL594Y
MIN TYP MAX
Input bias current VI = 0 to 5.25 V –2 µA
Input threshold voltage Zero duty cycle 3 V
output section
TL594Y
MIN TYP†MAX
VC = 40 V, VE = 0 V, VCC = 40 V 2
Collector off-state current
Emitter off-state current VCC = VC = 40 V, VE = 0 µA
Common emitter VE = 0, IC = 200 mA 1.1
Emitter follower VC = 15 V, IE = –200 mA 1.5
DTC and OUTPUT CTRL = 0 V,
VC = 15 V, VE = 0 V, VCC = 1 to 3 V
4
pwm comparator section (see Figure 2)
TL594Y
MIN TYP MAX
Input threshold voltage, FEEDBACK Zero duty cycle 4 V
Input sink current, FEEDBACK FEEDBACK = 0.5 V 0.7 mA
µA
total device (see Figure 2)
TL594Y
MIN TYP MAX
Standby supply current All other inputs and outputs open, RT at V
Average supply current DTC = 2 V, See Figure 2 12.4 mA
ref
9 mA
switching characteristics, TA = 25°C
TL594Y
MIN TYP MAX
Output-voltage rise time
Output-voltage fall time
Output-voltage rise time
Output-voltage fall time
100 ns
30 ns
200 ns
45 ns
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
7
TL594
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
Amplifier Under Test
+
V
I
–
+
FEEDBACK
V
ref
–
Other Amplifier
Figure 1. Amplifier-Characteristics T est Circuit
8
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
VCC = 15 V
TL594
Voltage
at C1
Voltage
at C2
Test
Inputs
50 kΩ
12 kΩ
0.01 µF
4
DTC
3
FEEDBACK
6
RT
5
CT
1
IN+
2
IN–
16
IN+
15
IN–
13
OUTPUT
CTRL
12
V
CC
TL594
Error
Amplifiers
REF
GND
7
TEST CIRCUIT
C1
E1
C2
E2
11
10
14
150
Ω
2 W
8
9
150
Ω
2 W
Output 1
Output 2
V
0 V
V
0 V
CC
CC
Voltage
at CT
DTC Input
0 V
Feedback
Input
0.7 V
Duty Cycle
Threshold Voltage
Threshold Voltage
MAX
0%
VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS
Figure 2. Operational Test Circuit and Waveforms
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
0%
9
TL594
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
15 V
Each Output
Circuit
Each Output
Circuit
CL = 15 pF
(includes probe and
jig capacitance)
t
68 Ω
2 W
Output
CL = 15 pF
(includes probe and
jig capacitance)
TEST CIRCUIT OUTPUT-VOLTAGE W AVEFORM
90%
10%
f
10%
Figure 3. Common-Emitter Configuration
15 V
90%
10%
68 Ω
2 W
Output
10%
90%
t
r
90%
t
f
t
r
TEST CIRCUIT OUTPUT-VOLTAGE WAVEFORM
Figure 4. Emitter-Follower Configuration
10
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROL CIRCUITS
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TL594
SLVS052C – APRIL 1988 – REVISED JULY 1999
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY AND
FREQUENCY VARIATION
†
vs
TIMING RESISTANCE
100 k
40 k
–2%
10 k
4 k
1 k
400
100
Oscillator Frequency – Hz
40
10
1 k 4 k 10 k 40 k 100 k 400 k 1 M
†
Frequency variation (∆f) is the change in oscillator frequency that occurs over the full temperature range.
–1%
0%
0.1 µF
CT = 1 µF
RT – Timing Resistance – Ω
0.01 µF
VCC = 15 V
TA = 25°C
0.001 µF
†
∆f = 1%
Figure 5
AMPLIFIER VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION
vs
FREQUENCY
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
Voltage Amplification – dB
20
10
0
1 10 100 1 M
1 k
10 k
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 6
VCC = 15 V
∆VO = 3 V
TA = 25°C
100 k
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
11
IMPORTANT NOTICE
T exas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue
any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information
to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold
subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgement, including those
pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability.
TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in
accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent
TI deems necessary to support this warranty . Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily
performed, except those mandated by government requirements.
CERTAIN APPLICATIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MAY INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF
DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (“CRITICAL
APPLICATIONS”). TI SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED, OR
WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE-SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS OR OTHER
CRITICAL APPLICA TIONS. INCLUSION OF TI PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERST OOD TO
BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.
In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating
safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent
that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other
intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such
semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third
party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof.
Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Loading...