Tektronix WCA11G User Manual
User Manual
WCA11G
IEEE802.11a/b/g Signal Analysis Software
071-1365-00
This document supports firmware version FV:v1.00 and above.
www.tektronix.com
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SOFTWARE WARRANTY SUMMARY
Tektronix warrants that its software products will conform to the specifications in the documentation provided with
the product, when used properly in the specified operating environment, for a period of three (3) months. The warranty
period begins on the date of shipment, except that if the program is installed by Tektronix, the warranty period begins
on the date of installation or one month after the date of shipment, whichever is earlier. If the software product does
not conform as warranted, Tektronix will provide the remedial services as described in the documentation provided
with the product.
For products offered without documentation, Tektronix warrants that the media on which the software product is
furnished and the encoding of the programs on the media will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for
a period of three (3) months from the date of shipment. If any such medium or encoding proves defective during the
warranty period, Tektronix will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective medium. Except as to the media
on which the software product is furnished, the software product is provided ”as is” without warranty of any kind,
either express or implied.
Tektronix does not warrant that the functions contained in any software product will meet Customer’s requirements or
that the operation of the programs will be uninterrupted or error-free.
In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of
the warranty period and, for warranted products, make suitable arrangements for such service in accordance with the
instructions received from Tektronix. If Tektronix is unable, within a reasonable time after receipt of such notice, to
provide remedial service for warranted products or, for ”as is” products, to provide a replacement that is free from
defects in materials and workmanship, Customer may terminate the license for the software product and return the
software product and any associated materials for credit or refund.
The above warranties shall not apply to any software product that has been modified or altered by Customer. Tektronix
shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty with respect to any software product a) that is used in an
operating environment other than that specified or in a manner inconsistent with the User Manual and documentation;
or b) when the software product has been integrated with other software if the result of such integration increases the
time or difficulty of analyzing or servicing the software product or the problems ascribed in the software product.
THE ABOVE WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE LISTED
PRODUCTS IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS
VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX’ RESPONSIBILITY TO PROVIDE REMEDIAL SERVICE
WHEN SPECIFIED, REPLACE DEFECTIVE MEDIA, OR REFUND CUSTOMER’S PAYMENT, AS
APPLICABLE, IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO CUSTOMER FOR BREACH
OF EITHER WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF
WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.
Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Manual Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Related Manual and Online Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Contacting Tektronix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
Glossary of Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Hardware Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
System Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Operating Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Screen Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Graph Window Pane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Modulation Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Modulation Analysis View Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
IEEE802.11a Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
IEEE802.11b Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
IEEE802.11g Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Difference between WCA330 and WCA380 Analyzers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
PC System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Installation Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Created Folders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Sharing the Folders on a PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Setting the Network Parameters of the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Network Setting of Windows 98 PC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
Network Setting of a PC Running Windows 2000 or Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
Registering a User Name for MS Windows 2000 or MS Windows XP. . . . . . . . 1-22
Menu Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Analysis Type buttons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Graph Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Modulation Analysis Setting Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Power Analysis Setting Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
View Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Scale Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
Modulation Analysis Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Power vs. All Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Average Power vs. Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Power Analysis Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Power vs. SC_No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Power vs. Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Flatness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Constellation Analysis Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Constellation/Symbol Constellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual i
Table of Contents
Constellation/Segment Constellation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Average EVM vs. Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
EVM Analysis Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
EVM vs. SC_No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
EVM vs. Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Average MagErr vs Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
MagErr Analysis Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
MagErr vs. SC_No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
MagErr vs. Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
Average PhaseErr vs Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
PhaseErr Analysis Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
PhaseErr vs SC_No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
PhaseErr vs Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
Center Frequency Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
OFDM Linearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Symbol Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
Power Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28
Power Analysis Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28
Power Analysis View Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29
Spectrum Mask (OFDM). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29
Spectrum Mask (DSSS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
Transmit Power On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
Transmit Power Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index-1
ii WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
List of Figures
List of Figures
Figure 1-1: WCA11G signal analysis system hardware configuration . . . . . . . . 1-7
Figure 1-2: ShareFolder Properties dialog box (MS Windows 98) . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
Figure 1-3: ShareFolder Properties dialog box (MS Windows 2000) . . . . . . . . 1-11
Figure 1-4: Network dialog box (Identification tab) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Figure 1-5: TCP/IP Properties dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
Figure 1-6: TCP/IP Properties dialog box for address setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
Figure 1-7: CONFIG:UTILITY submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
Figure 1-8: Util:More: submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
Figure 1-9: [Util H] Remote submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Figure 1-10: [Util H] Remote TCP/IP submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Figure 1-11: Network dialog box showing Identification tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
Figure 1-12: Identification Changes dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
Figure 1-13: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
Figure 1-14: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties for IP Address Assignment . . . .
1-21
Figure 2-1: Screen elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Figure 2-2: Ethernet Setup dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Figure 2-3: Folder Setup dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Figure 2-4: Read From WCA dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Figure 2-5: Read From WCA dialog box (IQT file) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Figure 2-6: Display Modulation Type dialog box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Figure 2-7: 1 * 1 screen display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Figure 2-8: 2 * 2 screen display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Figure 2-9: View format pull-down list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Figure 2-10: Scale input box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
Figure 3-1: Power vs. All Time display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Figure 3-2: Average Power vs. Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Figure 3-3: Power vs. SC_No display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Figure 3-4: Power vs. Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Figure 3-5: Flatness measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Figure 3-6: Constellation display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Figure 3-7: Symbol Constellation display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Figure 3-8: Pop-up View menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Figure 3-9: Segment Constellation display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Figure 3-10: Average EVM vs. Time display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Figure 3-11: EVM vs. SC_No display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Figure 3-12: EVM vs. Time display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Figure 3-13: Average MagErr vs. Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Figure 3-14: MagErr vs. SC_No display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Figure 3-15: MagErr vs. Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
Figure 3-16: Average PhaseErr vs. Time display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Figure 3-17: PhaseErr vs. SC_No display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Figure 3-18: PhaseErr vs. Time display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
Figure 3-19: Center frequency error display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
Figure 3-20: OFDM Linearity display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Figure 3-21: Symbol table (Hex) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual iii
List of Figures
Figure 3-22: Symbol table (Bin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
Figure 3-23: Spectrum mask (OFDM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29
Figure 3-24: IEEE802.11a spectrum mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-30
Figure 3-25: Spectrum mask (DSSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
Figure 3-26: IEEE802.11b spectrum mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
Figure 3-27: Transmit Power On display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
Figure 3-28: IEEE802.11b Transmit power-on ramp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
Figure 3-29: Transmit Power Off display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Figure 3-30: IEEE802.11b Transmit power-down ramp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
iv WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1-1: WCA11G measurement items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Table 1-2: Measurements for IEEE802.11a signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Table 1-3: Measurements for IEEE802.11b signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Table 1-4: Measurements for IEEE802.11g signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Table 1-5: Equipment used in the WCA11G signal analysis system . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
Table 2-1: Menu Bar Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Table 2-2: Modulation Analysis SETUP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Table 2-3: Modulation types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Table 2-4: Read From WCA dialog box parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Table 2-5: Channel list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Table 2-6: Read From WCA dialog box (IQT) parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Table 2-7: Modulation Analysis VIEW Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Table 2-8: Power Analysis SETUP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Table 2-9: Power Analysis Test Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Table 2-10: View format - IEEE802.11a signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Table 2-11: View format - IEEE802.11b signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Table 2-12: View format - IEEE802.11g signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Table 3-1: Power vs. All Time parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Table 3-2: Average Power vs. Time setup parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Table 3-3: Average Power vs. Time measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Table 3-4: Power vs. SC_No parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Table 3-5: Setup parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Table 3-6: View menu setup parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Table 3-7: Segment Constellation setup parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Table 3-8: Average EVM vs. Time setup parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Table 3-9: Average EVM vs. Time measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Table 3-10: EVM vs. SC_No measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Table 3-11: EVM allowable value for IEEE802.11a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Table 3-12: Average MagErr vs. Time setup parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Table 3-13: Average MagErr vs. Time measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
Table 3-14: Average PhaseErr vs. Time setup parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Table 3-15: Average PhaseErr vs. Time measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
Table 3-16: Center frequency error measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
Table 3-17: Symbol Table parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
Table 3-18: Menu bar setup parameters for Symbol Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual v
List of Tables
vi WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Preface
Manual Structure
This manual provides user information about the WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g
Signal Analysis Software.
The manual contains the following sections:
Getting Started describes the product overview, system configuration, and
installation procedures of the WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g Signal Analysis
Software.
Operating Basics describes the software screen elements and provides basic
operating information about the WCA11G software interface.
Reference provides in-depth descriptions of the WCA11G view formats for the
following two analyses:
Modulation Analysis such as Spectral Power, Constellation, EVM, Symbol
Table, and Center Frequency Error.
Power Analysis such as Spectrum Mask and Transmit Power On/Off.
Related Manual and Online Document
The following additional manuals are available for the WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g
Signal Analysis Software:
The WCA330 & WCA380 Wireless Communication Analyzer User Manual
(Tektronix part number 070-A792-XX) describes how to use the WCA330 and
WCA380.
The WCA330 & WCA380 Wireless Communication Analyzer Programmer Manual
(Tektronix part number 070-A794-XX) provides complete information on
programming and remote control of the instrument through the GPIB/Ethernet
interfaces.
The WCA11G Help system provides online user manual. The online user manual
is integrated with the user interface application. The online user manual is
preconfigured in the WCA11G software.
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual vii
Preface
Contacting Tektronix
Phone 1-800-833-9200*
Address Tektronix, Inc.
Web site www.tektronix.com
Sales support 1-800-833-9200, select option 1*
Service support 1-800-833-9200, select option 2*
Technical support E-mail: techsupport@tektronix.com
Department or name (if known)
14200 SW Karl Braun Drive
P.O. Box 500
Beaverton, OR 97077
USA
1-800-833-9200, select option 3*
6:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. Pacific time
*
This phone number is toll free in North America. After office hours, please leave a voice
mail message.
Outside North America, contact a Tektronix sales office or distributor; see the Tektronix web
site for a list of offices.
viii WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Glossary of Acronyms
8PSK
8 Phase Shift Keying
16QAM
16 Quardrature Amplitude Modulation
64QAM
64 Quardrature Amplitude Modulation
AP
Access Point
BPSK
Binary Phase Shift Keying
CCK
Complementary Code Keying
Preface
DSSS
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
EVM
Error Vector Magnitude
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
LAN
Local Area Network
MT
Mobile Terminal
OFDM
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
PBCC
Packet Binary Convolutional Coding
PLCP
Physical Layer Convergence Protocol
QPSK
Quardrature Phase Shift Keying
WCA
Wireless Communication Analyzer
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual ix
Preface
x WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Getting Started
This section provides the following information:
Product overview
Hardware configuration
Accessories
Installation
System settings
Product Overview
The WCA11G is an IEEE802.11a/b/g signal analysis software that performs a
signal analysis of 5 GHz band high-speed wireless LAN transmitters (IEEE802.11a
standard) and 2.4 GHz band high-speed wireless LAN transmitters (IEEE802.11b
and IEEE802.11g standards).
You can configure an analysis system for the IEEE802.11a/b/g LAN transmitters
by using the WCA11G software in combination with the WCA330/WCA380
Wireless Communication Analyzers. This system provides OFDM/DSSS
modulation signal spectrum power analysis, constellation display, modulation
accuracy measurement (EVM), a symbol table, center frequency deviation
measurement, and spectrum mask.
Table 1-1 shows all the measurement items available in the WCA11G
IEEE802.11a/b/g Signal Analysis Software and the supported standards.
Table 1-1: WCA11G measurement items
Items Page 802.11a 802.11b 802.11g
Modulation Analysis (OFDM)
Power vs. All Time 3-2 x
Average Power vs. Time 3-3 x x
Power Analysis Display 3-4 x
Power vs. SC_No 3-5 x
Flatness 3-7 x x
Constellation Analysis Display 3-7 x
Constellation/Symbol Constellation 3-8 x
Average EVM vs. Time 3-12 x x
EVM Analysis Display 3-13 x
EVM vs. SC_No 3-13 x
Average MagErr vs. Time 3-16 x x
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual 1-1
Getting Started
Table 1-1: WCA11G measurement items (cont.)
Items Page 802.11a 802.11b 802.11g
MagErr Analysis Display 3-17 x
MagErr vs. SC_No 3-18 x
Average PhaseErr vs. Time 3-20 x x
PhaseErr Analysis Display 3-21 x
PhaseErr vs. SC_No 3-22 x
Center Frequency Error 3-24 x x
OFDM Linearity 3-25 x x
Symbol Table 3-26 x x
Modulation Analysis (DSSS/CCK/PBCC)
Power vs. All Time 3-2 x x
Average Power vs. Time 3-3 x x
Power Analysis Display 3-4 x
Power vs. Time 3-6 x
Constellation Analysis Display 3-7 x
Constellation/Segment Constellation 3-11 x
Average EVM vs. Time 3-12 x x
EVM Analysis Display 3-13 x
EVM vs. Time 3-15 x
Average MagErr vs. Time 3-16 x x
MagErr Analysis Display 3-17 x
MagErr vs. Time 3-19 x
Average PhaseErr vs. Time 3-20 x x
PhaseErr Analysis Display 3-21 x
PhaseErr vs. Time 3-23 x
Center Frequency Error 3-24 x x
Symbol Table 3-26 x x
Power Analysis
Spectrum Mask (OFDM) 3-29 x x
Spectrum Mask (DSSS) 3-31 x x
Transmit Power On 3-32 x x
Transmit Power Off 3-33 x x
1-2 WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Getting Started
IEEE802.11a
Measurements
Table 1-2 shows the measurement items that are required for the IEEE802.11a
standard.
Table 1-2: Measurements for IEEE802.11a signals
Item Description Page
Power vs. All Time Displays power in a line graph. The vertical axis
represents power [dBm], and the horizontal axis
represents time [ms]. This graph is displayed only in Main
View. The analysis of the area between D_Marker 1 and
D_Marker 2 is interlocked with other Views [View 1, View
2, or View 3]. The Main View always displays Power vs. All
Time.
Average Power vs. Time Displays power of one or all subcarriers in a line graph.
The vertical axis represents power [dBm], and the
horizontal axis represents time [ms].
Power vs. SC_No Displays each subcarrier wave power as a symbol in a bar
graph. The vertical axis represents power [dBm], and the
horizontal axis represents subcarrier wave number [-26 to
+26]
.
Flatness Displays each subcarrier wave flatness in a bar graph.
The vertical axis represents average energy deviation
power [dB], and the horizontal axis represents subcarrier
wave number [-26 to +26]
Constellation Displays constellation of one or all subcarriers in a
rectangular coordinates graph. The vertical axis
represents Q, and the horizontal axis represents I.
Symbol Constellation Displays constellation as a symbol in a rectangular
coordinates graph. The vertical axis represents Q, and the
horizontal axis represents I.
Average EVM vs. Time Displays EVM of one or all subcarriers in a line graph. The
vertical axis represents EVM [%], and the horizontal axis
represents time [ms].
EVM vs. SC_No Displays EVM as a symbol in a bar graph. The vertical axis
represents EVM [%], and the horizontal axis represents
subcarrier wave number [-26 to +26]
Average MagErr vs. Time Displays magnitude error of one or all subcarriers in a line
graph. The vertical axis represents magnitude error [%],
and the horizontal axis represents time [ms].
MagErr vs. SC_No Displays magnitude error as a symbol in a bar graph. The
vertical axis represents magnitude error [%], and the
horizontal axis represents subcarrier number [-26 to +26]
Average PhaseErr vs. Time Displays phase error of one or all subcarriers in a line
graph. The vertical axis represents phase error [Degree],
and the horizontal axis represents time [ms].
PhaseErr vs. SC_No Displays phase error as a symbol in a bar graph. The
vertical axis represents phase error [Degree], and the
horizontal axis represents subcarrier number [-26 to +26].
Center Frequency Error Displays carrier wave frequency deviation as a symbol in
a line graph. The vertical axis represents deviation [kHz],
and the horizontal axis represents time [ms].
.
.
3-2
3-3
3-5
3-7
3-8
3-12
3-13
3-16
3-18
.
3-20
3-22
3-24
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual 1-3
Getting Started
Table 1-2: Measurements for IEEE802.11a signals (cont.)
Item Description Page
OFDM Linearity Displays linearity of OFDM modulation in a line graph. The
vertical axis represents actual measurement values [mW],
and the horizontal axis represents ideal values [mW].
Symbol Table Displays a table of symbol values (hexadecimal and
binary).
Spectrum Mask Displays spectrum waveform and mask in a line graph
under PeakHold condition. The vertical axis represents
power [dBm], and the horizontal axis represents frequency
[Hz].
3-25
3-26
3-29
IEEE802.11b
Measurements
Table 1-3 shows the measurement items that are required for IEEE802.11b
standard.
Table 1-3: Measurements for IEEE802.11b signals
Item Description Page
Power vs. All Time Refer to Table 1-2 on page 1-3. 3-2
Average Power vs. Time Displays power of carriers in a line graph. The vertical axis
represents power [dBm], and the horizontal axis
represents time [ms].
Power vs. Time Displays power of carriers by segment in a bar graph. The
vertical axis represents power [dBm], and the horizontal
axis represents time [ms].
Constellation Displays constellation of carriers in a rectangular
coordinates graph. The vertical axis represents Q, and the
horizontal axis represents I.
Segment Constellation Displays constellation of carriers by segment in a
rectangular coordinates graph. The vertical axis
represents Q, and the horizontal axis represents I.
Average EVM vs. Time Displays EVM of carriers in a line graph. The vertical axis
represents EVM [%], and the horizontal axis represents
time [ms].
EVM vs. Time Displays EVM of carriers by segment in a bar graph. The
vertical axis represents EVM [%], and the horizontal axis
represents time [ms].
Average MagErr vs. Time Displays magnitude error of carriers in a line graph. The
vertical axis represents magnitude error [%], and the
horizontal axis represents time [ms].
MagErr vs. Time Displays magnitude error of carriers by segment in a bar
graph. The vertical axis represents magnitude error [%],
and the horizontal axis represents time [ms].
Average PhaseErr vs. Time Displays phase error of carriers in a line graph. The
vertical axis represents phase error [Degree], and the
horizontal axis represents time [ms].
PhaseErr vs. Time Displays phase error of carriers by segment in a bar graph.
The vertical axis represents phase error [Degree], and the
horizontal axis represents time [ms].
3-3
3-6
3-11
3-12
3-15
3-16
3-19
3-20
3-23
1-4 WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Getting Started
Table 1-3: Measurements for IEEE802.11b signals (cont.)
Item Description Page
Center Frequency Error Displays carrier wave frequency deviation in a line graph.
The vertical axis represents deviation [kHz], and the
horizontal axis represents time [ms].
Symbol Table Displays a table of symbol values (hexadecimal and
binary).
Spectrum Mask Displays spectrum waveform and mask in a line graph
under PeakHold condition. The vertical axis represents
power [dBm], and the horizontal axis represents frequency
[Hz].
Transmit Power On Displays the transmit power on ramp in a line graph. The
vertical axis represents power [W], and the horizontal axis
represents time [s].
Transmit Power Off Displays the transmit power down ramp in a line graph.
The vertical axis represents power [W], and the horizontal
axis represents time [s].
3-24
3-26
3-31
3-32
3-33
IEEE802.11g
Measurements
Table 1-4 shows the measurement items that are required for IEEE802.11g
standard.
Table 1-4: Measurements for IEEE802.11g signals
Item Description Page
Power vs. All Time Refer to Table 1-2 on page 1-3. 3-2
Average Power vs. Time Displays power of carriers, or one or all subcarriers in a
line graph. The vertical axis represents power [dBm], and
the horizontal axis represents time [ms].
Power Analysis Display Displays each subcarrier wave power as an OFDM
symbol, or power by segment in a bar graph. The vertical
axis represents power [dBm], and the horizontal axis
represents subcarrier wave number [-26 to +26] or time
[ms]
.
Flatness Displays each subcarrier wave flatness in a bar graph.
The vertical axis represents average energy deviation
power [dB], and the horizontal axis represents subcarrier
wave number [-26 to +26]
Constellation Analysis
Display
Constellation Displays constellation in a rectangular coordinates graph.
Average EVM vs. Time Displays EVM of carriers, or one or all subcarriers in a line
Displays constellation of each subcarrier as an OFDM
symbol, or constellation by segment in a rectangular
coordinates graph. The vertical axis represents Q, and the
horizontal axis represents I.
The vertical axis represents Q, and the horizontal axis
represents I.
graph. The vertical axis represents EVM [%], and the
horizontal axis represents time [ms].
.
3-3
3-4
3-7
3-7
3-8,
3-11
3-12
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual 1-5
Getting Started
Table 1-4: Measurements for IEEE802.11g signals (cont.)
Item Description Page
EVM Analysis Display Displays EVM as an OFDM symbol, or EVM by segment
in a bar graph. The vertical axis represents EVM [%], and
the horizontal axis represents subcarrier wave number
[-26 to +26] or time [ms]
Average MagErr vs. Time Displays magnitude error of carriers, or one or all
subcarriers in a line graph. The vertical axis represents
magnitude error [%], and the horizontal axis represents
time [ms].
MagErr Analysis Display Displays magnitude error as an OFDM symbol, or
magnitude error by segment in a bar graph. The vertical
axis represents magnitude error [%], and the horizontal
axis represents subcarrier number [-26 to +26] or time
[ms]
.
Average PhaseErr vs. Time Displays phase error of carriers, or one or all subcarriers
in a line graph. The vertical axis represents phase error
[Degree], and the horizontal axis represents time [ms].
PhaseErr Analysis Display Displays phase error as an OFDM symbol, or phase error
by segment in a bar graph. The vertical axis represents
phase error [Degree], and the horizontal axis represents
subcarrier number [-26 to +26] or time [ms]
Center Frequency Error Displays carrier wave frequency deviation as an OFDM
symbol in a line graph. The vertical axis represents
deviation [kHz], and the horizontal axis represents time
[ms].
Symbol Table Displays a table of symbol values (hexadecimal and
binary).
OFDM Linearity Displays linearity of OFDM modulation in a line graph. The
vertical axis represents actual measurement values [mW],
and the horizontal axis represents ideal values [mW].
Spectrum Mask Displays spectrum waveform and mask in a line graph
under PeakHold condition. The vertical axis represents
power [dBm], and the horizontal axis represents frequency
[Hz].
Transmit Power On Displays the transmit power on ramp in a line graph. The
vertical axis represents power [W], and the horizontal axis
represents time [s].
Transmit Power Off Displays the transmit power down ramp in a line graph.
The vertical axis represents power [W], and the horizontal
axis represents time [s].
.
.
3-13
3-16
3-17
3-20
3-21
3-24
3-26
3-25
3-29,
3-31
3-32
3-33
1-6 WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Hardware Configuration
Figure 1-1 shows the hardware configuration of an IEEE802.11a/b/g signal
analysis system with the combination of the WCA11G software and the
WCA330/WCA380 Wireless Communication Analyzer. Table 1-5 lists the
equipment used in the system
High-speed wireless LAN
Getting Started
.
Mobile terminal
WCA330/WCA380
Access point
LAN cross cable
Electric circuit
PC
Figure 1-1: WCA11G signal analysis system hardware configuration
Table 1-5: Equipment used in the WCA11G signal analysis system
Items Type Quantity Note
Wireless Communication Analyzer WCA330/
WCA380
LAN cross cable 1
2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz Bandwidth Antenna 1 Prepare separately
1
Difference between
WCA330 and WCA380
The WCA330 and WCA380 Wireless Communication Analyzers have the same
functions except for their measurement frequency ranges:
Analyzers
WCA330: DC to 3 GHz
WCA380: DC to 8 GHz
The descriptions in this manual apply to both the WCA330 and the WCA380
analyzers, unless otherwise noted. The word "analyzer" refers to both products.
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual 1-7
Getting Started
Accessories
Installation
The following accessories are shipped with the WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g Signal
Analysis Software:
User manual, Tektronix part number 071-1365-XX
LAN cross cable (3 m), 012-A228-00
This subsection contains instructions for installing the WCA11G software on your
PC and provides information about the created folders.
PC System Requirements
Installation Instructions
Your PC requires the following minimum system requirements to install and
operate the WCA11G software:
OS: Microsoft Windows 98SE / Windows 2000 / Windows XP
CPU: Pentium III Processor, at least 866 MHz
RAM: At least 512 MB
HDD: At least 100 MB available memory
Display resolution: At least 1280 x 1024
Network card: Ethernet card of 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T
The following installation instructions require that you are familiar with the basics
of using the MS Windows operating system. If necessary, read your MS Windows
user documentation before installing the WCA11G software.
Perform the following procedure to install the WCA11G software:
1. Be sure that your PC meets the requirements listed under PC System
Requirements on page 1-8 before proceeding with the installation.
2. Insert the WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g Signal Analysis Software CD-ROM
into a CD-ROM drive on your PC.
3. Double-click the My computer icon.
4. Double-click the D: drive icon (substitute your CD-ROM drive letter if it is
different from D). The PC will display the contents of the WCA11G Signal
Analysis Software CD-ROM.
5. Open the DISK1 folder.
1-8 WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Getting Started
6. Double-click Setup.exe in the folder.
This copies initial files of the WCA11G software. For a while, the Welcome
window appears on the PC desktop. Follow the on-screen instructions.
7. If the installation completes successfully, the Setup Complete window appears.
Click the Finish button.
Created Folders
When the installation completes properly, the following folders are created:
C:\Program Files\Tektronix\WCA11g. This folder contains the WCA11g.exe
program and other related files. The related files include the parameters required
for communication and analysis. Do not delete or change the files.
C:\Program Files\Tektronix\WCA11g\CWX. This folder contains the graphic display
formats. Do not delete or change the files.
C:\Program Files\Tektronix\WCA11g\ShareFolder\CFG. This folder contains the
WCA330/WCA380 configuration files and trigger files. The analyzer refers to
these setting files. Since the remote controlled analyzer directly accesses these
files, the CFG folder must be shared.
C:\Program Files\Tektronix\WCA11g\ShareFolder\Data. This folder contains the
measurement result files of the WCA11G software.
C:\Program Files\Tektronix\WCA11g\SystemDefault. This folder is used to recall the
factory default settings of the WCA330/WCA380 instruments.
The path names listed above are the examples when you install the WCA11G
software into the C drive.
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual 1-9
Getting Started
System Settings
This subsection describes the initial settings of your analyzer and your PC. It is
divided into the following three steps:
Share the folders on your PC, page 1-10
Configure the network settings of the analyzer, page 1-12
Configure the network settings of your PC
MS Windows 98, page 1-17
MS Windows 2000 or MS Windows XP, page 1-19
NOTE. The following procedure requires that you are familiar with the basics of
using the MS Windows 98/MS Windows 2000/MS Windows XP operating systems.
If necessary, consult the MS Windows documentation.
Sharing the Folders on a
PC
Since the analyzer accesses the setting file in the PC through a network, you must
share the setting files of the PC. Otherwise, an access error will appear on the
analyzer display upon execution. Allow full access to ShareFolder. See Figure 1-2
and Figure 1-3.
1-10 WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Getting Started
For a PC running MS Windows 98. In the ShareFolder Properties dialog box, click
Shared As and Full. See Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-2: ShareFolder Properties dialog box (MS Windows 98)
For a PC running MS Windows 2000 or MS Windows XP. In the SharedFolder
Properties dialog box, click Share this folder and Maximum allowed.
See Figure 1-3.
Figure 1-3: ShareFolder Properties dialog box (MS Windows 2000)
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual 1-11
Getting Started
Setting the Network
Parameters of the Analyzer
Perform the following procedure to set the network parameters of your analyzer:
1. Confirm that your analyzer is not powered on.
2. Connect the keyboard and mouse provided with the analyzer to the keyboard
and mouse connectors on the rear panel of the analyzer.
3. Use a LAN cable to connect the analyzer and a hub.
4. Power on the analyzer.
5. Move the pointer to the bottom of the screen. The Windows 98 taskbar appears.
6. Select Settings > Control Panel from the Start menu. The Control Panel
window appears.
7. Double-click the Network icon in the window. The Network dialog box
appears as shown in Figure 1-4.
Figure 1-4: Network dialog box (Identification tab)
8. Click the Identification tab.
9. Check that WCA380_J300XXX or WCA330_J300XXX (XXX is the specific
serial number of the analyzer) is displayed in the Computer name text box. This
is the default computer name for the analyzer.
10. Check that WORKGROUP is displayed in the Workgroup text box.
1-12 WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Getting Started
To Automatically Acquire an IP Address. Do the following steps to connect the
analyzer to a LAN. An IP address must be assigned by the name server. You need
to use the same settings parameters between the analyzer and your PC.
1. Click the Configuration tab in the Network window.
2. In the network component field, click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
3. Click the Properties button. The TCP/IP Properties dialog box appears as
shown in Figure 1-5.
Figure 1-5: TCP/IP Properties dialog box
4. Click the IP Address tab, and then select Obtain an IP address
automatically.
5. Click the DNS Configuration tab, and then select Disable DNS.
6. Click the OK button.
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual 1-13
Getting Started
To Assign IP Address. When the name server is not in the network, perform the
following procedure to set the network parameters:
Figure 1-6: TCP/IP Properties dialog box for address setting
1. If you connect the analyzer directly to a single PC:
a. In the TCP/IP Properties dialog box, select Specify an IP address.
b. Set the IP Address parameter to the same IP address as the PC's address
except for the last number. The last number must be different from the last
number in the PC's IP address.
c. Set the Subnet Mask parameter to the same subnet mask used by the PC.
Do not enter a number if the PC does not have a net mask.
2. If you connect the analyzer to your network:
a. In the TCP/IP Properties dialog box, select Specify an IP address.
b. Ask your local network administrator and enter the appropriate addresses.
CAUTION. To prevent communication conflicts on your network, ask your local
network administrator for the correct numbers to enter in the dialog box.
3. In the TCP/IP Properties dialog box, click the DNS Configuration tab and
then select Disable DNS.
4. Click the OK button.
1-14 WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
Getting Started
I/O Port and Line Code Settings of the Analyzer. Set the command input/output port
for TCP/IP and new line code for reply message returned via the TCP/IP network.
Do the following steps to set the TCP/IP parameters of the analyzer:
1. Push the WCA330/WCA380 front panel CONFIG: UTILITY button to
display the Utility submenu as shown in Figure 1-7.
2. Click More....
Click
Figure 1-7: CONFIG:UTILITY submenu
3. The Util:More submenu appears as shown in Figure 1-8.
Click Util H [Remote].
Click
Figure 1-8: Util:More: submenu
WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual 1-15
Getting Started
4. Another submenu appears as shown in Figure 1-9. Click TCP/IP....
Click
Figure 1-9: [Util H] Remote submenu
5. The Remote TCP/IP submenu appears as shown in Figure 1-10. Click the
Command Port to set the number to 3066, then click the Event Port to set the
number to 3067, and then click the New Line to set a new line code to CRLF.
Set parameters
as shown.
Figure 1-10: [Util H] Remote TCP/IP submenu
6. Use a LAN cable to connect the analyzer and a hub.
7. When the dialog box displays: "Do you want to reboot?", click Ye s.
8. Push the STANDBY switch to reboot the analyzer.
1-16 WCA11G IEEE802.11a/b/g User Manual
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