Tektronix TDS3AAM User manual

User Manual
TDS3AAM Advanced Analysis Application Module
071-0946-01
*P071094601*
071094601
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your area.

Contents

Safety Summary 2.............................
TDS3AAM Overview 5..........................
Installing the TDS3AAM Application Module 6........
Accessing Advanced Analysis Menus 6............
Measurement Functions 8.......................
DPO Math Functions 12.........................
Advanced Math Functions 14.....................
XY Cursors 21................................
1

Safety Summary

To avoid potential hazards, use this product only as specified. While using this product, you may need to access other parts of the system. Read the General Safety Summary in other system manuals for warnings and cautions related to operating the system.
Preventing Electrostatic Damage
CAUTION. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can
damage components in the oscilloscope and its accessories. To prevent ESD, observe these precautions when directed to do so.
Use a Ground Strap. Wear a grounded antistatic wrist strap
to discharge the static voltage from your body while installing or removing sensitive components.
UseaSafeWorkArea.Do not use any devices capable of
generating or holding a static charge in the work area where you install or remove sensitive components. Avoid handling sensitive components in areas that have a floor or benchtop surface capable of generating a static charge.
2
Handle Components Carefully. Do not slide sensitive
components over any surface. Do not touch exposed connector pins. Handle sensitive components as little as possible.
Transport and Store Carefully. Transport and store sensitive
components in a static-protected bag or container.
Manual Storage
The oscilloscope front cover has a convenient place to store this manual.
3
4

TDS3AAM Overview

This section provides an overview of the TDS3AAM Advanced Analysis application module features and describes how to access the advanced analysis functions.
Y ou can do the following analysis tasks with the TDS3AAM application module:
H DPO Math.
H Arbitrary math expressions. Allow you to create
waveforms using math operations on active and reference waveforms, waveform measurements, up to 2 user-definable variables, and arithmetic expressions.
H Waveform area and cycle area measurements.
H Measurement statistics. Adds min/max or
mean/standard deviation readouts to displayed measurements.
H XY waveform cursors.
5

Installing the TDS3AAM Application Module

Refer to the TDS3000, TDS3000B, and TDS3000C Series Application Module Installation manual for
instructions on installing and testing the application module.

Accessing Advanced Analysis Menus

The TDS3AAM Advanced Analysis module adds Area, Cycle Area, and statistical measurement functions to the Measure menu, and DPO math and Advanced Math functions to the Math menu, and XY cursors to the Cursor menu. To access the Advanced Analysis func­tions, use the following table:
Accessing TDS3AAM Functions
Function
Area, Cycle Area measurement
Measurement Statistics
Push front panel button
MEASURE Select
MEASURE Statistics To select Min/Max or
Push bottom menu button
Measrmnt
Push side menu button
--More-- button until you display Area and Cycle Area buttons. See page 8.
Mean/Standard Devi­ation. See page 9.
6
Accessing TDS3AAM Functions (cont.)
Push bottom menu button
Push side menu button
Function
Push front panel button
DPO Math MATH DPO Math To select waveform
sources and operator. See page 12.
Math waveform expressions
MATH Advanced
Math
To create a math ex­pression, define a variable value, define units, and display the math expression. See page 14.
XY Cursors CURSOR Function To select Waveform
XY cursor (you must be in XY display mode to see this menu). See page 21.
7

Measurement Functions

The TDS3AAM application module adds Area and Cycle Area measurements to the Select Measurement side menu list, and adds a Statistics bottom button to the Measurement menu. To access these measurement menu items, push the MEASURE front-panel button.
Area and Cycle Area Measurements
Bottom
Select Measurmnt
Side Description
Area Voltage over time measurement.
The arithmetic area over the entire waveform or gated region, mea­sured in vertical unit-seconds (for example, volt-seconds or amp-se­conds).
Cycle Area Voltage over time measurement.
The arithmetic area over the first cycle in the waveform, or the first cycle in the gated region, mea­sured in vertical-unit-seconds (for example, volt-seconds or amp-se­conds).
8
Area and Cycle Area Measurements (cont.)
Bottom DescriptionSide
Statistics
OFF Disables displaying statistical
Min/Max Displays minimum and maximum
Mean/ Standard Deviation n
information with active measure­ments.
readouts for each active measure­ment readout.
Displays Mean and Standard Deviation readouts for each active measurement readout.
n is the number of measurement values used to calculate the mean and standard deviation values, and ranges from 2 to 1000. Use the general purpose knob to change the value in increments of 1 (fine) or 10 (coarse). The default value is
32.
Waveform Polarity. For area calculation, the waveform
area above ground is positive; the waveform area below ground is negative.
9
Waveform Clipping. For best results, make sure that all
End
EndCycl
e
input waveforms do not extend beyond the top or bottom graticules of the display (referred to as clipping the waveform). Using clipped waveforms with measure­ment or math functions can result in incorrect values.
Area. The following equation shows the algorithm for
calculating the waveform area for the entire record or gated region.
If Start = End then return the (interpolated) value at Start. Otherwise,
Area=
Cycle Area. The following equation shows the algorithm
for calculating the waveform area for a single cycle in the record or gated region.
If StartCycle = EndCycle then return the (interpolated) value at StartCycle. Otherwise,
Waveform(t)dt
Start
CycleArea=
10
StartCycle
Waveform(t)dt
Min/Max. Min/Max displays a minimum and maximum
measurement readout directly below each active mea­surement. The following is an example of a Min/Max readout.
Ch1 Freq
15.98 MHz Min: 15.81MHz Max: 16.17MHz
Mean/Standard Deviation. Mean/Standard Deviation
displays a mean () and standard deviation (σ) readout directly below each active measurement. The mean and standard deviation values are running calculations, which means that the current calculation incorporates the results of previous calculations. The following is an example of a Mean/Standard Deviation readout.
Ch1 Freq
15.98 MHz
: 15.99MHz σ: 82.92kHz
Screen Readouts. The Min/Max and Mean/Standard
Deviation readouts display directly below the waveform measurements, in an area normally used for measure­ment qualifier text (such as “Low resolution”). If you suspect the measurement, turn off statistics to see if the oscilloscope displays any qualifier text.
11

DPO Math Functions

The TDS3AAM application module adds the ability to perform dual waveform math on DPO waveforms. The resulting DPO math waveform contains intensity or gray scale information that, like an analog oscilloscope, increases waveform intensity where the signal trace occurs most often. This gives you more information about signal behavior. To access the DPO math menu, push the MATH front-panel button, and then push the DPO Math bottom button.
DPO Math Menu
Bottom
DPO Math
Intensity. Use the WAVEFORM INTENSITY front-panel
knob to control the overall waveform intensity as well as how long the waveform data persists on the screen.
Side Description
Set 1st SourcetoSelects the first source wave-
Set OperatortoSelects the math operator:
form.
+, -- ,orX
Set 2nd Source to
Selects the second source waveform.
12
Acquisition Modes. Changes to the acquisition mode
globally affect all input channel sources except for DPO math, thereby modifying any math waveforms using them. For example, with the acquisition mode set to Envelope, a Ch1 + Ch2 math waveform will receive enveloped channel 1 and channel 2 data, which results in an enveloped math waveform.
Clearing Data. Clearing the data in a waveform source
causes a null waveform to be delivered to any math waveform that includes that source, until the source receives new data.
13

Advanced Math Functions

The TDS3AAM application module lets you create a custom math waveform expression that can incorporate active and reference waveforms, measurements, and/or numeric constants. To access the Advanced Math menu, push the MATH front-panel button, and then push the Advanced Math bottom button.
Advanced Math Menu
Bottom
Advanced Math
Side Description
Edit Expression
VAR1, VAR2 n.nnnn Enn
Define Units Displays a screen in which you
Displays a screen in which you can create or edit the expres­sion that defines the math waveform. See page 15.
Assigns numeric values to two variables. You can use these variables as part of an expres­sion. Push the side menu button to select between the base (n.nnn) and the exponent (nn) field. Use the general purpose knob to enter values.
can enter user-defined unit labels. These labels replace the unknown “?” readout value.
14
Advanced Math Menu (cont.)
Bottom DescriptionSide
Advanced Math (cont.)
Display Expression
Displays the current advanced math expression on the grati­cule.
Edit Expression Screen. The Edit Expression screen lets
you create arbitrary math expressions. Refer to page 16 for a description of the Edit Expression controls.
Expression
cursor
Expression
field
Expression
list
15
Edit Expression Screen
Menu item
Expression cursor
Expression field
Expression list The list of available elements. Use the general
Description
Location in expression field where the next expression element is entered.
Area that displays the entered expression elements, up to a maximum of 127 characters.
purpose knob to select an element. You can only select elements that are syntactically correct for the current math expression. Non-selectable elements are grayed out. Refer to page 17 for more expression element information.
Edit Expression Controls. The Edit Expression screen
provides controls and menu items to create math expres­sions. The following table describes the Edit Expression controls.
Edit Expression Controls
Control
General pur­pose knob
Enter Selec­tion button
Description
Selects (highlights) an element in the expres­sion list.
Adds the selected element to the expression field. You can also use the front panel SELECT button.
16
Edit Expression Controls (cont.)
Control Description
Back Space button
Clear button Clears (erases) the entire expression field.
OK Accept button
MENU OFF button
Erases the last-entered element from the expression field.
Closes the Edit Expression screen and displays the math expression waveform.
Closes the Edit Expression screen and returns to the previous menu without changing the math expression.
Expression List. The following gives more information on
the expression list items.
Expression List
Menu item
Ch1-Ch4 Ref1-Ref4
FFT(, Intg(, Diff(
Description
Specifies a waveform data source.
Executes a Fast Fourier Transform, integra­tion, or differentiation operation on the expression that follows. The FFT operator must be the first (left-most) operator in an expression. All these operations must end with a right parenthesis.
17
Expression List (cont.)
Menu item Description
Period(
­CycleArea(
Var1, Var2 Adds the user-defined variable to the expres-
+, --, ¢, Executes an addition, subtraction, multiplica-
(), Parentheses provide a way to control
1-0, ., E Specifies a numeric value in (optional)
Executes the selected measurement operation on the waveform (active or reference) that follows. All these operations must end with a right parenthesis.
sion.
tion, or division operation on the following expression. + and -- are also unary; use -- to negate the expression that follows.
evaluation order in an expression. The comma is used to separate the “from” and “to” waveforms in Delay and Phase measurement operations.
scientific notation.
User-Defined Variables. This feature lets you define two
variables, such as math constants, that you can then use as part of a math expression. The side menu button toggles between selecting the numeric field and selecting the scientific notation field (E). Use the general purpose knob to enter values in either field. Push the COARSE front panel button to quickly enter larger numbers in the numeric field.
18
Edit Math Units Controls. The Edit Math Units screen
provides controls and menu items to create custom units for math waveforms. Whenever the oscilloscope cannot determine the horizontal or vertical units for a measure­ment, it displays the undefined unit character (?). The user-defined units function replaces the undefined horizontal or vertical unit character with the user-defined vertical or horizontal unit for math waveforms only.
The following table describes the Edit Math Units controls.
Edit Math Units Controls
Control
General pur­pose knob
Up Arrow, Down Arrow
OK Accept button
Enter Charac­ter button
Left Arrow, Right Arrow
Description
Selects (highlights) a character in the label list.
Selects the Vertical or Horizontal label in the unit label field.
Closes the Edit Math Units screen and displays the math menu.
Adds the selected character at the cursor position in the unit field.
Moves the unit label field cursor to the left or right.
19
Edit Math Units Controls (cont.)
Control Description
Back Space button
Delete button Deletes the character at the cursor position in
Clear button Clears (erases) all characters in the current
MENU OFF button
Erases the character to the left of the cursor position.
the unit label field.
unit field (Horizontal or Vertical).
Closes the Edit Math Units screen and returns to the previous menu without applying the user-defined units.
Math Expression Example.
The following expression calculates the energy in a waveform, where Ch1 is in volts and Ch2 is in amps:
Intg (Ch1×Ch2)
Taking an Area measurement on the resulting waveform displays the waveform power value.
20

XY Cursors

The TDS3AAM application module adds XY and XYZ waveform measurement cursors. These cursor functions are part of the Cursor menu. You must display an XY waveform (DISPLAY > XY Display > Triggered XY (or Gated XYZ)) in order to access the XY cursor menu items.
The following figure shows XY cursors in Waveform mode with polar readouts.
21
XY Cursor Menu
Functio
n
LECT
SELECTbuttontoselectwhich
Mod
e
Bottom
Function
Mode
Readout
Side Description
Off Turns XY cursors off. Waveform
Turns waveform or graticule cursor modes on. Use the front-panel SE
button to select which
Graticule
cursor to move (the active cursor). Use the general purpose knob to move the active cursor.
Independent Sets cursors to move independently. Tracking Sets cursors to move together when
the reference cursor is selected.
Rectangular Displays values at and between the
cursor positions as X and Y read­outs.
Polar Displays values at and between the
cursor positions as radius and angle readouts.
Product Displays product values of the active
cursor and the difference vector of the two cursors.
Ratio Displays ratio values of the active
cursor and the difference vector of the two cursors.
22
0, 0 Origin. The XY waveform origin is the 0 volt point of
each source waveform. Positioning both source wave­form 0 volt points on the vertical center graticule places the origin in the center of the screen. All actual (@) measurements are referenced to the XY waveform’s 0, 0 origin, and show the value of the active cursor.
Waveform Mode. The Waveform mode uses cursors to
measure the actual waveform data to determine X and Y values and units. While in Waveform mode, the XY cursors always lock onto the XY waveform, and cannot be positioned off the XY waveform.
Graticule Mode. The Graticule function does not connect
screen cursor position to waveform data. Instead, the display is like a piece of graph paper, where the values of the divisions are set by each channel’s vertical scale. The graticule cursor readouts display the XY value of the screen, not the waveform data. Because graticule cursors are not associated with waveform data, the cursors are not locked to the XY waveform and can be positioned anywhere on the graticule.
All readout types (Polar, Rectangular, Product, and Ratio) are available in both Waveform and Graticule cursor modes. However, no time readouts are displayed in Graticule mode because the cursors are not measuring the waveform record.
23
Turning XY Cursors Off. To turn off the XY cursors, push
the front panel CURSOR button, and then push the Cursor Function Off side menu button.
Reference and Delta Cursors. Both Waveform and Grati-
cule modes use two XY cursors: a reference cursor ( and a delta cursor (). All difference () measurements are measured from the reference cursor to the delta cursor.
Switching Between XY and YT Display. You can switch
between XY and YT display mode to see the location of the Waveform cursors in the YT waveform. The wave­form record icon at the top of the graticule also shows the relative cursor positions of the Waveform cursors in the waveform record.
Waveform Sources. You can use XY cursors on active
acquisitions, single sequence acquisitions, and reference waveforms. You must store both XY source waveforms in order to recreate an XY waveform. The X axis wave­form must be stored in Ref1.
),
24
Rectangular Readouts. The Rectangular readouts display
the following information:
X, Y
@X, @Y The actual X and Y values of the active (selected)
t
(Waveform Mode)
@t (Waveform Mode)
The X and Y difference from the reference cursor to the delta cursor. A negative X value means that the delta cursor is to the left of the reference cursor on the X axis. A negative Y value means that the delta cursor is below the reference cursor on the Y axis
cursor.
The time from the reference cursor to the delta cursor. A negative value means that the delta cursor is earlier in the waveform record than the reference cursor.
The time from the trigger point to the active cursor. A negative value means that the active cursor is earlier in the waveform record than the trigger point.
The following is an example of Rectangular readouts in Waveform mode:
X:1.43V @X:-140mVY:2.14V @Y:480mVt:-660ns @t:1.61s
25
Polar Readouts. The Polar readout displays the following
information:
r, θ
@r, @θ
t
(Waveform Mode)
@t (Waveform Mode)
The radius and angle from the reference cursor to the delta cursor.
The radius and angle from the XY waveform origin to the active (selected) cursor.
The time from the reference cursor to the delta cursor. A negative value means that the delta cursor is earlier in the waveform record than the reference cursor.
The time from the trigger point to the active cursor. A negative value means that the active cursor is earlier in the waveform record than the trigger point.
The following is an example of Polar readouts in Wave­form mode:
r:2.90V @r:1.27Vθ:32.6° @θ:179°t:-4.20s @t:8.36s
26
The following figure shows an example of how the oscilloscope calculates the difference vector from the radius and angle values of the two cursors.
@r
= 3.17V
@ θ
= 45.0°
nr= 3.47V
θ
n
=--111°
(0,0)
@r
= 1.41V
@ θ
The following figure shows how the oscilloscope determines polar angle values.
XY origin (or reference cursor
for
n measurements)
°
180
--180
°
°
0
= --45.0
°
27
Product Readouts. The Product readouts displays the
following information:
X¢Y
@X¢@Y
t
(Waveform Mode)
@t (Waveform Mode)
The product of the difference vector’s X component multiplied by the difference vector’s Y component.
The product of the active cursor’s X value multiplied by the active cursor’s Y value.
The time from the reference cursor to the delta cursor. A negative value means that the delta cursor is earlier in the waveform record than the reference cursor.
The time from the trigger point to the active cursor. A negative value means that the active cursor is earlier in the waveform record than the trigger point.
The following is an example of Product readouts in Waveform mode:
X¢Y: 7.16VV @X¢@Y: 1.72VV t:-4.68s @t:8.84s
28
Ratio Readouts. The Ratio readouts displays the follow-
ing information:
X÷Y
@X÷@Y
t
(Waveform Mode)
@t (Waveform Mode)
The ratio of the difference vector’s Y component divided by the difference vector’s X component.
The ratio of the active cursor’s Y value divided by the active cursor’s X value.
The time from the reference cursor to the delta cursor. A negative value means that the delta cursor is earlier in the waveform record than the reference cursor.
The time from the trigger point to the active cursor. A negative value means that the active cursor is earlier in the waveform record than the trigger point.
The following is an example of Ratio readouts in Wave­form mode:
÷X:1.22VV
Y
÷@X:1.10VV
@Y t:-4.68ms @t:8.84ms
29
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