Tektronix 2100 User manual
tek.com/keithley
Model 2100
6 1/2-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter
Calibration Manual
2100-905-01 Rev. C March 2021
*P2100-905-01C*
2100-905-01C
6½-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter
Calibration Manual
© 2021, Keithley Instruments, LLC
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
All rights reserved.
Any unauthorized reproduction, photocopy, or use of the information herein, in whole or in part,
without the prior written approval of Keithley Instruments, LLC, is strictly prohibited.
These are the original instructions in English.
All Keithley Instruments product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley
Instruments, LLC. Other brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
holders.
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PUC-Rio. You can access terms of license for the Lua software and associated documentation at
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Document number: 2100-905-01 Rev. C March 2021
Safety precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although
some instruments and accessories would normally be used with nonhazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous
conditions may be present.
This product is intended for use by personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required
to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation, operation, and maintenance information carefully before using the
product. Refer to the user documentation for complete product specifications.
If the product is used in a manner not specified, the protection provided by the product warranty may be impaired.
The types of product users are:
Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the
equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.
Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the
instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating properly, for example, setting the line
voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the user documentation. The procedures
explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel.
Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, perform safe installations, and repair products. Only properly trained
service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Keithley products are designed for use with electrical signals that are measurement, control, and data I/O connections, with low
transient overvoltages, and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient
overvoltages. Measurement Category II (as referenced in IEC 60664) connections require protection for high transient
overvoltages often associated with local AC mains connections. Certain Keithley measuring instruments may be connected to
mains. These instruments will be marked as category II or higher.
Unless explicitly allowed in the specifications, operating manual, and instrument labels, do not connect any instrument to mains.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test
fixtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than
30 V RMS, 42.4 V peak, or 60 VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any
unknown circuit before measuring.
Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators
are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, connections must be exposed to potential
human contact. Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If
the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000 V, no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They are intended to be used with impedance-limited
sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective
devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, ensure that the line cord is connected to a properly-grounded power receptacle. Inspect the
connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.
When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input
power disconnect device must be provided in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under
test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting
cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth)
ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the
voltage being measured.
For safety, instruments and accessories must be used in accordance with the operating instructions. If the instruments or
accessories are used in a manner not specified in the operating instructions, the protection provided by the equipment may be
impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories. Maximum signal levels are defined in the
specifications and operating information and shown on the instrument panels, test fixture panels, and switching cards.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with the same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as protective earth (safety ground)
connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use
of a lid interlock.
If a screw is present, connect it to protective earth (safety ground) using the wire recommended in the user documentation.
The symbol on an instrument means caution, risk of hazard. The user must refer to the operating instructions located in the
user documentation in all cases where the symbol is marked on the instrument.
The symbol on an instrument means warning, risk of electric shock. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal
contact with these voltages.
The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to prevent burns.
The symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.
If this symbol is on a product, it indicates that mercury is present in the display lamp. Please note that the lamp must be
properly disposed of according to federal, state, and local laws.
The WARNING heading in the user documentation explains hazards that might result in personal injury or death. Always read
the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading in the user documentation explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may
invalidate the warranty.
The CAUTION heading with the symbol in the user documentation explains hazards that could result in moderate or minor
injury or damage the instrument. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated
procedure. Damage to the instrument may invalidate the warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement components in mains circuits — including the power
transformer, test leads, and input jacks — must be purchased from Keithley. Standard fuses with applicable national safety
approvals may be used if the rating and type are the same. The detachable mains power cord provided with the instrument may
only be replaced with a similarly rated power cord. Other components that are not safety-related may be purchased from other
suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component (note that selected parts should be purchased only through
Keithley to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product). If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement
component, call a Keithley office for information.
Unless otherwise noted in product-specific literature, Keithley instruments are designed to operate indoors only, in the following
environment: Altitude at or below 2,000 m (6,562 ft); temperature 0 °C to 50 °C (32 °F to 122 °F); and pollution degree 1 or 2.
To clean an instrument, use a cloth dampened with deionized water or mild, water-based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the
instrument only. Do not apply cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that
consist of a circuit board with no case or chassis (e.g., a data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never
require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board
should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servicing.
Safety precaution revision as of June 2017.
Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1-1
Contact information .............................................................................................................. 1-1
Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1-1
Control software ................................................................................................................... 1-2
Environmental conditions ..................................................................................................... 1-3
Calibration considerations .................................................................................................... 1-4
Recommended test equipment ............................................................................................ 1-4
Firmware revision ................................................................................................................. 1-5
Calibration code ................................................................................................................... 1-5
Zero calibration front panel ..................................................................................... 2-1
Front-panel calibration ......................................................................................................... 2-1
Zero calibration rear panel ...................................................................................... 3-1
Rear-panel calibration .......................................................................................................... 3-1
Voltage function adjustment (DC and AC) ............................................................. 4-1
Voltage function adjustment ................................................................................................. 4-1
DC voltage range adjustment .................................................................................................... 4-2
AC voltage range adjustment .................................................................................................... 4-4
Ohms function adjustment ...................................................................................... 5-1
Ohms function adjustment ................................................................................................... 5-1
Resistance low-range adjustment (100 Ω - 1 MΩ) .................................................................... 5-1
Resistance high-range adjustment (10 MΩ - 100 MΩ ) ............................................................. 5-4
Current function adjustment (DC and AC) ............................................................. 6-1
Current function adjustment (DC and AC) ........................................................................... 6-1
DC current range adjustment .................................................................................................... 6-1
AC current range adjustment .................................................................................................... 6-3
Calibration date ........................................................................................................ 7-1
Calibration date .................................................................................................................... 7-1
Performance verification ......................................................................................... 8-1
Performance verification ...................................................................................................... 8-1
Table of contents
In this section:
Contact information ...................................................................1-1
Introduction ...............................................................................1-1
Control software ........................................................................1-2
Environmental conditions ..........................................................1-3
Calibration considerations .........................................................1-4
Recommended test equipment .................................................1-4
Firmware revision ......................................................................1-5
Calibration code ........................................................................1-5
Contact information
If you have any questions after you review the information in this documentation, please contact your
local Keithley Instruments office, sales partner, or distributor. You can also call the Tektronix
corporate headquarters (toll-free inside the U.S. and Canada only) at 1-800-833-9200. For worldwide
contact numbers, visit tek.com/contact-us.
Introduction
This manual introduces the calibration procedure for the Keithley Instruments Model 2100 6½-Digit
Resolution Digital Multimeter. The procedures in this manual should be used whenever adjustment
for the following functions is necessary:
• AC / DC voltage
• AC / DC current
• Resistance
These adjustment procedures are performed by remotely sending SCPI commands over the USB
interface using the 2100 KI-TOOL software.
Section 1
Introduction
Section 1: Introduction 6½-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter Calibration Manual
1-2 2100-905-01 Rev. C March 2021
Control software
You must have one of the following items installed on the remote interface in order to obtain the
proper VISA layer:
• Keithley Instruments I/O Layer 5.0 or later.
• NI-VISA 3.1 or later.
• Agilent I/O Library Suite 14.2 or later.
You must also install the Keithley KI-Tool software to control the instrument from your remote
interface. You can download and install the Keithley I/O Layer and the Keithley KI-Tool software from
the Product Support web page (tek.com/product-support).
To locate the Keithley I/O Layer and KI-Tool software:
1. Go to the Product Support web page (tek.com/product-support).
2. Enter 2100, then select Go.
3. Select Software.
4. Select and download the I/O Layer version for your operating system and KI-Tool installers.
5. Run the downloaded files and follow the instructions to install the software.
To verify the installation:
1. Connect the 2100 to the USB port of your computer, then launch the KI-Tool application.
2. Verify that the correct model number is displayed in the upper right-hand corner window. See the
following figure for details.
3. Test the communications link between the 2100 instrument and the control software by selecting
several function buttons and verifying that the DMM responds accordingly. See the following
figure for details.
6½-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter Calibration Manual Section 1: Introduction
2100-905-01 Rev. C March 2021 1-3
Figure 1: Model 2100 KI-TOOL application
The adjustment procedure consists of connecting the Fluke 5700A Calibrator and Fluke 5725A
Amplifier (or equivalent) outputs to the 2100 front panel input, setting up appropriate ranges, and
performing adjustment functions by sending specific SCPI commands. In the following sections, you
will be provided with SCPI commands to be sent to the 2100. These commands should be entered in
the Send String field followed by the Write button. To access the command control window from the
2100 KI-TOOL application, click on Tool > Command Control.
Make sure the correct model number is selected before sending any SCPI commands.
Environmental conditions
Conduct the calibration procedures in a location that has:
• An ambient temperature of 5 °C to 40 °C.
• A relative humidity of less than 80% unless otherwise noted.
Section 1: Introduction 6½-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter Calibration Manual
1-4 2100-905-01 Rev. C March 2021
Calibration considerations
When performing the calibration procedure:
• Make sure the equipment is properly warmed up and connected to the appropriate input jacks.
Also, make sure the correct input jacks are selected with the INPUTS switch.
The specifications are valid after a 2-hour warm up. Refer to Performance verification (on page 8-1)
for more information.
• Make sure the calibrator is in OPERATE mode before you complete each calibration step.
• Do not connect test equipment to the Model 2100 through a scanner or other switching
equipment.
• If an error occurs during calibration, the Model 2100 will generate the appropriate error message.
Please refer to the Model 2100 6½-Digit Resolution Digital Multimeter User’s Manual (document
number 2100-900-01) for error code descriptions. This manual is available online at
tek.com/keithley.
• During the adjustment process, the Model 2100 may not display the correct amplitude of the
applied signal. This condition is normal.
• After the adjustment procedure is completed, complete Performance verification (on page 8-1) to
verify that the 2100 is operating within the manufacturer’s specifications.
Recommended test equipment
Use a Fluke Model 5700A Calibrator and 5725A Amplifier (or the equivalent) to perform the 2100
multimeter adjustments.