Tait TBCH1B Users Manual
TB9400 Base Station
Installation and Operation Manual
MBC-00001-05 · Issue 5 · November 2013
Contact Information
Tait Communications
Corporate Head Office
Tait Limited
P.O. Box 1645
Christchurch
New Zealand
For the address and telephone number of regional
offices, refer to our website: www.taitradio.com
Copyright and Trademarks
All information contained in this document is the
property of Tait Limited. All rights reserved.
This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied,
photocopied, reproduced, translated, stored, or reduced
to any electronic medium or machine-readable form,
without prior written permission from Tait Limited.
The word TAIT and the TAIT logo are trademarks of
Tait Limited.
All trade names referenced are the service mark,
trademark or registered trademark of the respective
manufacturers.
Disclaimer
There are no warranties extended or granted by this
document. Tait Limited accepts no responsibility for
damage arising from use of the information contained
in the document or of the equipment and software it
describes. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure
that use of such information, equipment and software
complies with the laws, rules and regulations of the
applicable jurisdictions.
Enquiries and Comments
If you have any enquiries regarding this document, or
any comments, suggestions and notifications of errors,
please contact your regional Tait office.
Updates of Manual and Equipment
In the interests of improving the performance,
reliability or servicing of the equipment, Tait Limited
reserves the right to update the equipment or this
document or both without prior notice.
US7,649,893, US7,758,996, US7,937,661,
US8,301,682, US10/597339, US 29/401234, US 29/
401235, US61/218015, US61/236663, US61/323437.
This product may also be made under license under one
or more of the following U.S. Patents: 5,146,497,
5,148,482, 5,164,986, 5,185,795, 5,185,796,
5,271,017, 5,377,229 and 5,502,767.
The AMBE+2™ voice coding Technology embodied
in this product is protected by intellectual property
rights including patent rights, copyrights and trade
secrets of Digital Voice Systems, Inc. This voice
coding Technology is licensed solely for use within this
Communications Equipment. The user of this
Technology is explicitly prohibited from attempting to
decompile, reverse engineer, or disassemble the Object
Code, or in any other way convert the Object Code into
a human-readable form. Protected by U.S. Patents
5,870,405, 5,826,222, 5,754,974, 5,701,390,
5,715,365, 5,649,050, 5,630,011, 5,581,656, 5,517,511,
5,491,772, 5,247,579, 5,226,084 and 5,195,166.
Environmental Responsibilities
Tait Limited is an environmentally
responsible company which supports
waste minimization, material recovery and
restrictions in the use of hazardous
materials.
The European Union’s Waste Electrical and Electronic
Equipment (WEEE) Directive requires that this
product be disposed of separately from the general
waste stream when its service life is over. For more
information about how to dispose of your unwanted
Tait product, visit the Tait WEEE website at
www.taitradio.com/weee. Please be environmentally
responsible and dispose through the original supplier,
or contact Tait Limited.
Tait Limited also complies with the Restriction of the
Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and
Electronic Equipment (RoHS) Directive in the
European Union.
In China, we comply with the Measures for
Administration of the Pollution Control of Electronic
Information Products. We will comply with
environmental requirements in other markets as they
are introduced.
Intellectual Property Rights
This product may be protected by one or more patents
or designs of Tait Limited together with their
international equivalents, pending patent or design
applications, and registered trade marks: NZ409837,
NZ409838, NZ415277, NZ415278, NZ508806,
NZ508807, NZ511155, NZ516280/NZ519742,
NZ520650/NZ537902, NZ521450, NZ524369,
NZ524378, NZ524509, NZ524537, NZ530819,
NZ534475, NZ534692, NZ537434, NZ547713,
NZ569985, NZ577009, NZ579051, NZ579364,
NZ580361/NZ601933, NZ584534, NZ586889,
AU2003281447, AU2004216984, AU2010212364,
AU11677/2008, AU13745/2008, CN 200930004199.5,
CN1031871, CN1070368, CN200930004200.4,
CN200930009301.0, CN201110141630,
CN201110253742.1, EU 000915475-0001,
EU000915475-0002, GB2413249, US5,745,840,
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© Tait Limited November 2013
Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Scope of Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Associated Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Publication Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.2 Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.3 Mechanical Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.5 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.6 Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.7 Theory of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.7.1 Signal Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.7.2 Online and Offline Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.7.3 Intermodule Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.7.4 Power Management and Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
1.7.5 PMU Operation on DC Input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.7.6 Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2 General Safety and Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.1 Personal Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.1.2 Lethal Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.1.3 AC Power Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.1.4 Explosive Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.1.5 Proximity to RF Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.1.6 High Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.1.7 LED Safety (EN60825-1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.2 Equipment Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.2.1 Installation and Servicing Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.2.2 Preventing Damage to the PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.2.3 ESD Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.2.4 Anti-tampering Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.3 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.3.1 Operating Temperature Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.3.2 Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.3.3 Dust and Dirt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.4 Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.4.1 Distress Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
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© Tait Limited November 2013
2.4.2 Compliance Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.4.3 FCC Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.4.4 Unauthorized Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.1 Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.2 Module Indicator LEDs and Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.2.1 Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3.2.2 PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
3.2.3 PMU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4 Working with Base Stations from Your PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.1 PC Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.2 Connecting Your PC to the Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.2.1 Logging In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.2.2 Setting the IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.2.3 Responding to Security Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.2.4 Connecting a Networked PC to a Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.2.5 Troubleshooting Connection Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.2.6 Finding a Lost or Forgotten IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.3 Working with the Web Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.3.1 Monitoring Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.3.2 Viewing Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.3.3 Viewing the Base Station and Network Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.4 Basic Tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.4.1 User Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.4.2 Taking the Base Station Offline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.4.3 Troubleshooting Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
4.4.4 Working with Configuration Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.4.5 Configuring Single Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
4.4.6 Configuring Base Stations in a Channel Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.4.7 Setting Up Custom Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.4.8 Disabling the Front Panel Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.4.9 Preparing to Download Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
5 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
5.1 Before You Begin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.1.1 Equipment Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.1.2 Grounding and Lightning Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.1.3 Equipment Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.1.4 Ambient Temperature Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5.1.5 Cabinet and Rack Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.2 Unpacking and Moving the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
5.3 Identifying the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
5.4 Initial Setting Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
5.4.1 Confirming Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
5.4.2 Customizing the Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
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5.4.3 Recommended Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
5.4.4 Restricted Port Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
5.4.5 Changing the Root Password. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
5.4.6 Tuning the Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
5.5 Installing the Base Station on Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
5.5.1 Base Stations for Trunked Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
5.5.2 Equipment Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
5.5.3 Mounting the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
5.6 Connecting Up the Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
5.6.1 Connection Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
5.6.2 Connecting AC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
5.6.3 Connecting DC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
5.6.4 Connecting the Auxiliary DC Power Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
5.6.5 Connecting RF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
5.6.6 Connecting an External Frequency Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
5.6.7 Connecting a 1PPS Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5.6.8 Ethernet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5.6.9 Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
6 Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
7 Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
8 Replacing Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
8.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
8.2 Preliminary Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
8.3 Replacing a Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
8.4 Replacing a Power Amplifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
8.5 Replacing a Power Management Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
8.6 Replacing the Module Guide Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
8.7 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
8.8 Final Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
System Interface Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Ethernet Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
PMU Auxiliary DC Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Dual 50W Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Single 50W Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
100W Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Receive-only Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
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Appendix C – Identifying Front Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Tait Software License Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Directive 1999/5/EC Declaration of Conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
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Preface
Scope of Manual
This manual provides information on installing and operating the TB9400
base station. It is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with
installing and operating base station equipment. It also includes
configuration, maintenance and troubleshooting information.
Except where stated otherwise, the information in this manual generally
applies to both standard and receive-only base stations and reciters. References to power amplifiers (PAs) and transmitting obviously do not
apply to receive-only equipment.
Document Conventions
The TB9400 base station has a web interface with an accordion menu on
the left side of the screen. “Configure > Base Station > Channels” means
click Configure in the top-level menu, then in the expanded Configure
menu click Base Station, and finally click on the Channels tab on that page.
Within this manual, four types of alerts may be given to the reader. The
following paragraphs illustrate each type of alert and its associated symbol.
Warning This alert is used when there is a hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
Caution This alert is used when there is a hazardous situation which,
if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Notice This alert is used to highlight information that is required to
ensure procedures are performed correctly. Incorrectly performed procedures could result in equipment damage or malfunction.
This icon is used to draw your attention to information that may
improve your understanding of the equipment or procedure.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Preface 7
© Tait Limited November 2013
Associated Documentation
The current set of TB9400 product documentation is provided in PDF
format on the product CD. Updates are made available on the Tait support
website. Printed copies of the documentation are available on request.
■ TB9400 Specifications Manual (MBC-00002-xx).
■ TaitNet P25 Trunked (TB9400) System Manual (MBA-00064-xx).
The characters xx represent the issue number of the documentation.
Technical notes are published from time to time to describe applications for
Tait products, to provide technical details not included in manuals, and to
offer solutions for any problems that arise. The product CD includes
technical notes that were available at the time of release. Look for new or
updated technical notes on the Tait support website.
Publication Record
Issue Publication Date Description
1 May 2012 First release
2 November 2012 General updates for version 1.15 release.
Information added on compliance standards,
marshalling duration, firmware download
procedure, and restricted port numbers.
3 May 2013 General updates for version 1.20 release
and the B3-band base station.
Front end tuning procedure added.
4 August 2013 General updates for version 1.25 release
and the H-band base station.
Information added for dual 50W and receiveonly base stations.
5 November 2013 General updates for version 1.30 release.
Minor updates for receive-only base station.
Directive 1999/5/EC Declaration of
Conformity added.
8 Preface TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
1 Description
The Tait TB9400 base station is a robust state-of-the-art digital fixed
station that combines Tait’s proven strengths in reliability, high
performance and modular design with software-based configurability and
operation, digital signal processing and voice-over-IP technology.
The base station is designed for operation in a Project 25 trunked or trunked
simulcast radio network. The ability of the base station to link stations
using standard Internet Protocol communications, and to add features
through software options ensures that P25 systems designed with the
TB9400 are scalable in both size and functionality.
The base station combines industry-leading digital voice quality with
rugged design specifications and intuitive user interfaces. These products
have been designed to meet the demanding needs of the public safety and
public service sectors.
Its Ethernet interface provides built-in network connectivity, allowing the
TB9400 to join with other TB9400 base stations to form a channel group.
This network supports voice over IP and remote management of all base
stations via a web browser.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 9
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.1 Features
The following are some of the features of the base station:
■ Fully compliant with the Project 25 Common Air Interface. Can
■ Linear power amplifier allows operation with Linear Simulcast
■ Integrated built-in voting facility. No external voter is needed.
■ Can be completely managed remotely from a PC running a web
■ An integrated wiring solution is provided for the system control bus and
■ Reciters (receiver/exciter modules) can be replaced without affecting
■ Rugged construction with generous heatsinks and fan-forced cooling
therefore interoperate with any similarly compliant radios.
Modulation (LSM). Future software upgrades will also allow
P25 Phase 2 operation (H-DQPSK modulation).
browser: configuration, alarm monitoring, fault diagnosis, feature and
firmware upgrades. Alarms can also be reported via SNMP traps,
allowing integration with an SNMP-based network management
system.
DC power connections to each module in the subrack.
the operation of other reciters in the same subrack.
for continuous operation from –30°C to +60° C (–22°F to + 140°F).
10 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.2 Modules
The base station consists of a subrack with up to two transmit/receive
channels, or up to four receive-only channels.
Receive-only base stations are currently available for operation only on
B3 band (148MHz to 174MHz
The single PMU (power management unit) supplies and manages power to
the whole subrack (refer to “Theory of Operation” on page 19). One reciter
and one PA (power amplifier) are needed for each transmit/receive channel.
The PA is not required for a receive-only base station. There is also a front
panel with user controls and fans. The modules are interconnected at the
front of the subrack. External connections to the modules are located at the
rear.
Modules come in different variants depending, for example, on the RF
band or the supply voltage.
Each module is inserted into the 4U subrack from the front and is secured
at the front with a metal clamp. Both clamp and module are easily removed
for rapid module replacement. The modules are secured laterally with
plastic guides that clip into the top and bottom of the subrack. These guides
can be easily repositioned to change the configuration of a subrack. The
heavier modules are also secured laterally by metal tabs at the rear of the
subrack.
The following provides a brief description of the available modules.
1
).
Reciter The reciter module comprises the
receiver, exciter and digital control
circuitry. The reciter provides the
Ethernet interface and system inputs
and outputs.
Receive-only reciters are not fitted
with the transmit circuitry or front
panel SMA connectors, and are
physically unable to transmit.
1. Refer to “Frequency Bands and Sub-bands” on page 17.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 11
© Tait Limited November 2013
Power Amplifier
The PA amplifies the RF output from the reciter and is available in 50W
and 100W models.
The 50W model mounts vertically in the subrack, while the 100W model
mounts horizontally as it has a wider heatsink. The 100W PA is also fitted
with an airflow duct.
50W PA 100W PA
Both models are designed to operate on the 28VDC output provided by the
PMU. PAs are not required in a receive-only base station.
Power Management
Unit
The PMU provides the 28VDC
power supply for the modules in the
subrack. It can operate on
120/230VAC 50/60Hz nominal, and
12, 24 or 48VDC nominal. The input
voltage can be AC, DC, or both AC
and DC, depending on the model. The
PMU also has an auxiliary DC output
of 13.65VDC, 27.3VDC, or
54.6VDC, depending on the model.
AC and DC PMU shown
12 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
Front Panel
The front panel is mounted onto the subrack with two quick-release
fasteners. It incorporates the indicator LEDs, four-line LCD display, user
controls, ambient temperature sensor and cooling fans.
The indicator LEDS allow some monitoring of the operational status of the
base station. The user controls and display allow the technician to
configure the IP address of each module. Refer to “Front Panel” on page 36
for more information.
The microphone input and speaker are not used in this release of the
TB9400.
Subrack The 4U subrack is made of passivated steel and is designed to fit into a
standard 19 inch rack or cabinet. The subrack is fitted with an interconnect
board that connects the system control bus and power to the modules and
front panel. The position of a module in the subrack is defined by the socket
on the subrack interconnect board to which the module is connected by the
system control bus.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 13
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.3 Mechanical Assembly
This section illustrates the main mechanical components of the base
station.
Figure 1.1 below shows the configuration for a typical dual 50W base
station. The subrack has six slots, numbered from right to left as viewed
from the front of the subrack. The PMU occupies slots 5 and 6, with the
reciter and PA pairs to the right of it in slots 1 to 4. Each PA is mounted
vertically with its heatsink facing its associated reciter. The PMU and each
reciter/PA pair have their own cooling fans.
The front panel can be easily removed from the subrack by undoing two
quick-release fasteners. Refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 99 for more
details.
Figure 1.1 Mechanical assembly - dual 50 W base station with front panel
b
c
.
g
d
e
f
1@
1!
1#
front panel
b
subrack
c
PMU
d
PA 2
e
reciter 2
f
cable retaining clip
g
PA 1
h
reciter 1
i
module retaining clamp
j
subrack interconnect board
1)
plastic guide rail
1!
subrack interconnect board retaining clamp
1@
front panel fastener
1#
h
i
j
1)
14 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
Figure 1.2 below shows the configuration for a typical single 50W base
station. The PMU again occupies slots 5 and 6, with the reciter in slot 1 and
PA in slot 2. The PA is mounted vertically with its heatsink facing the
reciter. The PMU and the reciter/PA pair have their own cooling fans.
Figure 1.2 Mechanical assembly - single 50W base station
b
c
PMU
50W PA
b
c
d
e
e
d
reciter
subrack
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 15
© Tait Limited November 2013
Figure 1.3 below shows the configuration for a typical 100 W base station.
The PMU occupies slots 5 and 6, with the PA directly beside it in slots 3
and 4. The reciter occupies slot 1. Unlike the 50W PAs, the 100 W PA is
mounted horizontally with the heatsink facing upwards. It is also fitted with
an airflow duct to channel the airflow from the cooling fan through the
heatsink fins.
Figure 1.3 Mechanical assembly - single 100W base station
g
f
PMU
b
PA
c
airflow duct
d
b
c
d
e
reciter
e
subrack
f
cable retaining clip
g
16 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands
Much of the circuitry in the base station is common to all frequency bands,
and is therefore covered by a single description in this manual. In some
cases the descriptions refer to specific bands or sub-bands, and these are
identified with the letters listed in the following table.
Frequency Identification Frequency Band and Sub-band
B band B3 = 148MHz to 174MHz
H band H1 = 400MHz to 440 MHz
H2 = 440MHz to 480MHz
K band K4 = 762MHz to 870MHz
a. The actual frequency coverage in this band is:
Transmit: 762MHz to 776 MHz, and 850 MHz to 870 MHz
Receive: 792MHz to 824MHz
1.5 Applications
The TB9400 is designed for operation in a Tait P25 trunked radio network.
It can operate as a single base station or as part of a simulcast channel
group, and as a traffic channel or control channel.
In a trunked simulcast network, the transmitters in the channel group are
synchronized and transmit simultaneously on the same frequency. Each
transmitter needs a highly accurate 1PPS pulse and an external frequency
reference, so that it can time transmissions with the required accuracy. We
also recommend using an NTP server at each site, as this will ensure a
common timestamp in logs across all units in the system.
The base station can be provided as a receive-only variant in systems that
need sites to enhance the receive coverage. The reciter in a receive-only
base station is physically unable to transmit.
a
For more information, refer to the appropriate Tait P25 System Manual.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 17
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.6 Licenses
Some operational functions of the base station are controlled by licenses.
These functions will not work unless you purchase the appropriate feature
license and enable the feature set controlled by that license. The feature sets
currently available are listed below.
P25 Common Air
Interface
P25 Trunking
Operation
Networking with
Centralized Voter
Simulcast
Transmitter
Linear Simulcast
Modulation
Failsoft for P25
Trunking
Allows the base station to go into Online mode. Base stations are always
provided with this license.
Allows the base station to participate in a trunking system. Without this
feature, the base station cannot provide a control or a status connection to
a trunking site controller and it cannot function as a control or traffic
channel.
This feature is required in any base station that is used in a voted
configuration, such as simulcast. It also allows a base station to act as a
central voter.
This feature is required in base stations that have transmitters and belong
to a simulcast network.
Allows the base station to transmit using the LSM modulation scheme.
This scheme allows increased site separation in simulcast networks.
Allows trunked channels that become isolated from a site controller to
perform simple conventional operation and to interface to a digital dispatch
system. If a trunked channel consists of several base stations in a channel
group, only the central voter (normally the master) needs this license. It is
then able to become the failsoft repeater for that channel group.
P25 Phase 2
Operation
(not yet available)
18 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
This feature will allow the base station to operate in trunking mode using
two-slot TDMA as defined by the P25 Phase 2 standard.
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.7 Theory of Operation
The reciter receives RF signals from its RF input and sends RF from its RF
output to the PA, along with a PA key signal. The PA sends an RF feedback
signal to the reciter for linearization and power control purposes. The
reciter also receives signals from, and sends signals to, the system
interface, the Ethernet interface, and the front panel (see Figure 1.4).
A system control bus interconnects the modules and carries alarm and
control signaling between the reciter and the other modules.
The Ethernet interface carries voice over IP and also allows maintainer
access via a web browser.
Figure 1.4 Base station high-level diagram
AC Input
DC Input
PMU
28VDC
RF To
Antenna
PA
System Control Bus
RF+PAKey
RF Feedback
RF From
Antenna
1PPS
Reciter
Front
Panel
External
Reference
Frequency
System Input
and Output
Ethernet Interface
to Network
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 19
© Tait Limited November 2013
The reciter carries out signal processing and has overall control of the base
station. Its circuit boards are shown in Figure 1.5.
Figure 1.5 Reciter boards
RF Input
RF Output
RF Input
(feedback
from PA)
Receiver
Board
Transmit
Forward
Board
Transmit
Reverse
Board
Reciter
Control
Board
Front
Panel
System Input
and Output
Ethernet Interface
to Network
Maintainer Access
The receiver board contains all the receiver circuitry, while the exciter
circuitry is located on the transmit forward board.
The reciter control board converts information between analog and digital
and controls the maintainer’s access via the front panel. It performs the air
interface signal processing for digital P25 mode, gives the base station an
identity as a network element, and provides the physical connections for
the Ethernet and system interfaces.
20 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.7.1 Signal Paths
Figure 1.6 gives an overview of signal paths within the reciter.
Figure 1.6 Reciter signal paths
Receive
RF Interface
ADC
DDC
Demodulator
Transmit
RF Interface
Transmit
RF Interface
(feedback
from PA)
DAC
ADC
Cartesian
Loop
P25
Modem
Modulator
Protocol
Reciter Control Board
Stack
Control
RTP
UDP
IP
Ethernet
Interface
Digital P25 signals from the receive RF interface pass through the digital
receiver and P25 modem to the control software in the RISC processor. The
control software passes the signal through the Ethernet interface to the site
controller, or to the central voter in a simulcast system.
Input to the Ethernet interface can be from the site controller, or from the
central voter in a simulcast system. These inputs are processed by the RISC
and passed through the P25 modem to the transmitter. If the base station is
itself a central voter, this input can also be a received signal, which is voted
on and sent back through the Ethernet interface to the site controller.
1.7.2 Online and Offline Modes
The base station normally operates in Online mode, but you can put it into
Offline mode via its web interface.
Online Mode In Online mode, the base station performs its normal functions.
Offline Mode Some procedures, such as activating firmware or running certain diagnostic
tests, require the base station to be in Offline mode. This takes the base
station out of service. However, the front panel is still operational and can
be used in the normal way.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 21
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.7.3 Intermodule Communications
A system control bus and a subrack interconnect board link the modules in
the subrack and carry alarm and control signaling between the reciter and
the other modules, as shown in Figure 1.7.
Specific configuration settings for dual base stations are described in
“Recommended Configuration Settings” on page 75.
Figure 1.7 Intermodule communication paths
Fan 3:
PMU
Fan 1:
Reciter 1/
PA 1
User
Controls
Fan 2:
Reciter 2/
PA 2
Front Panel
PMU
2
I C Current
Source
mP
2
Subrack Interconnect Board
2
IC
Reciter 1
mP
RS-485
PA 1
mP
RS-485IC
Fan
FanFan
RS-485RS-485 Fan
mP
Reciter 2
mP
PA 2
22 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.7.4 Power Management and Distribution
The PMU manages the supply of power to ensure uninterrupted operation
of the base station. A range of parameters is monitored and these can
trigger alarms that are sent to the reciter. Alarms can be monitored via the
web interface and reported via SNMP traps; they are also recorded in the
reciter’s internal log file.
AC to DC
Changeover
When the PMU has an AC and a DC module, the base station can be
powered by either the AC (mains) or the DC (battery) supply. The base
station will default to the AC supply if both supplies are provided. If the
AC supply becomes unavailable, a seamless changeover from the AC to
DC supply takes place, providing that the battery voltage is above the
configured minimum startup voltage. You can use a web browser to check
whether the base station is running on battery or mains power.
DC Operation When the base station is running off the DC supply and the battery voltage
falls below the configured minimum, the base station will enter battery
protection mode to protect the battery and base station equipment. The
standby power supply card maintains the power to the PMU
microprocessor, while the rest of the PMU is shut down. When the battery
voltage rises to the configured startup setting, power is resumed to the DC
supply. Refer to “PMU Operation on DC Input” on page 25 for more
detailed information.
Auxiliary Power
Control
Distribution Figure 1.8 shows how power is distributed to modules in the subrack. The
The output from the auxiliary power supply board can be used to power
other site equipment. The maximum output is 40W.
28VDC output from the PMU is fed directly to the PA in a single base
station, or directly to PA 1 in a dual base station, and to the other modules
via the subrack interconnect board. Power to the reciters and front panel is
current-limited by self-resetting fuses on the subrack board.
The AC converter has a series switch which breaks the phase input to the
converter. The DC input, however, has much higher current ratings. Its
switch does not disconnect power from the DC converter itself, but disables
the converter by switching off its control circuitry.
The outputs from both the AC and DC high power converters are added
together and fed to the modules via the high-current outputs. The auxiliary
output is also tapped off this summed output.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 23
© Tait Limited November 2013
Figure 1.8 Subrack power distribution
Single
Dual
DC AC
Aux. DC 28V
Aux. DC 28V
PMU
28V
PA Reciter
DC AC
PMU
28V
Subrack
Board
Front
Panel
Subrack
Board
PA 1 PA 2 Reciter 1
Reciter 2
Front
Panel
24 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.7.5 PMU Operation on DC Input
The operation of the PMU on DC input is controlled by three sets of
parameters:
■ user-programmable alarms
■ user-programmable startup and shutdown limits
■ battery protection limits
The voltage range for each of these parameters is provided in Table 1.1 on
page 26. Figure 1.9 on page 27 illustrates how these parameters interact,
and how they control the operation of the PMU over a range of DC input
voltages.
Alarms User-programmable alarms can be set for low or high battery voltage
(Configure > Alarms > Thresholds). The alarms will be triggered when the
set voltage levels are reached. These limits are subject to the tolerances of
the battery protection circuitry, as stated in “Battery Protection (Fail-safe)
Limits” in Table 1.1.
Startup and
Shutdown Limits
Battery Protection
Limits
The user-programmable startup and shutdown limits allow for adjustable
startup and shutdown voltages (Configure > Base Station >
Miscellaneous). These limits can be adjusted for different numbers of
battery cells, or for the particular requirements of the base station
operation. Once the limits are reached, the PMU will shut down. These
limits are subject to the tolerances of the battery protection circuitry, as
stated in “Battery Protection (Fail-safe) Limits” in Table 1.1.
Notice It is possible to set the startup voltage of the base station
below the nominal voltage of the battery. Continuing to use a battery for
extended periods when it is below its nominal voltage will severely
shorten its service life. For more information on battery management,
we recommend that you consult the battery manufacturer.
The battery protection limits are set in hardware at the factory, and cannot
be adjusted by the user. These limits will not be reached under normal
operation conditions, but are provided as “fail-safe” measures to protect the
battery from deep discharge. They also remove the need for low-voltage
disconnect modules.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 25
© Tait Limited November 2013
Table 1.1 PMU DC voltage limits
Parameter
User-programmable Alarms
Low Battery Voltage
High Battery Voltage
User-programmable Limits
Startup Voltage (after shutdown)
Shutdown Voltage
Battery Protection (Fail-safe) Limits
Startup Voltage
Undervoltage Shutdown
Overvoltage Shutdown
Overvoltage Shutdown Reset
a. The information in this table is extracted from the Specifications Manual. Refer to the latest issue of this manual
for the most up-to-date and complete PMU specifications.
b. Using the base station’s web interface.
b
b
a
Vol tage Range
12V PMU 24V PMU 48 V PMU
10V to 14V
14V to 17.5V
10.9V to 15V ±0.3V
10V to 13.5V ±0.3V
10.8V +0.2V
9.5V +0.3V
18.1V +
17.1V +
0.3V
0.3V
20V to 28V
28V to 35V
21.8V to 30V ±0.5V
20V to 27V ±0.5V
21.6V +
19V +0.5V
36.2V +
34.2V +
0.5V
0.5V
0.5V
40V to 56V
56V to 70V
43.6V to 60V ±1 V
40V to 54V ±1V
43.2V +
38V +1V
72.4V +
68.4V +
1V
1V
1V
26 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
Figure 1.9 PMU alarm thresholds and voltage limits when operating on DC
Time
DC Input Voltage
Overvoltage Shutdown (HW)
Overvoltage Shutdown Reset (HW)
High Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)
Startup Voltage (SW)
Startup Voltage (HW)
Shutdown Voltage (SW)
Undervoltage Shutdown (HW)
Low Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)
30s delay 30s delay 30s delay
Run
0V
Hardware Behaviour
Stop
Run
Software Control &
Hardware Combined
Stop
Software Alarm
Off
Active
Software Alarm
(Low Battery Voltage)
Off
Active
(High Battery Voltage)
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 27
© Tait Limited November 2013
1.7.6 Front Panel Fans
The front panel is equipped with three fans. One fan is for the PMU and the
other two are for the reciter/PA pairs in a 50W base station, or for the PA
and reciter in a 100W base station. Front panel fans do not operate
continuously, but are switched on and off as needed. The PMU and PA
control their own fan. Reciters request the front panel to turn on their fan.
The reciter in slot 1can also carry out a fan test on all three fans.
Front panel fans are 3-wire fans (power, ground, and rotation detect). The
reciter can monitor whether the fans are rotating and generate an alarm if
the fan fails.
The fans turn on for a few seconds when the base station is powered up, and
also after the front panel is refitted to a base station which is powered up.
Configuring Fan
Control
The operation of the PA fan is configurable via the web interface; you can
specify the threshold temperature at which the fan will be turned on, and
set the fan to operate only when the PA is transmitting.
The PMU fan has fixed on/off thresholds and a defined set of duty cycles
based on the PMU temperature and load current, as described in the
following table.
PMU Temperature Current Fan Duty Cycle
<149°F (65°C) <4A
4A–6A
6A–8A
8A–12A
12A –14A
≥15A
149–167°F (65 – 75 °C) –– two minutes on, one minute off
>167°F (75°C) –– always on
always off
2 minutes on, 8 minutes off
2 minutes on, 5 minutes off
3 minutes on, 3 minutes off
4 minutes on, 1 minute off
always on
28 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
2 General Safety and Regulatory
Information
This chapter provides general information on safety precautions for
operating the base station.
TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 29 © Tait Limited November 2013
2.1 Personal Safety
2.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the Equipment
To prevent personal injury and equipment damage, we recommend that two
people unpack and move the equipment.
Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 55lb
(25kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with packaging. We recommend
that you have another person help you unpack and move the equipment.
The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to move the
equipment once it has been unpacked. If necessary, remove the modules
from the subrack before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on
page 99). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.
2.1.2 Lethal Voltages
Warning The PMU contains voltages that may be lethal. Refer
to the ratings label on the rear of the module.
The equipment must be installed so that the rear of the PMU is located in a
service access area which is accessible only by qualified personnel. The
PMU must be connected to the mains supply source by qualified personnel
in accordance with local and national regulations.
Disconnect the mains IEC connector and wait for five minutes for the
internal voltages to self-discharge before dismantling. The AC power
on/off switch does not isolate the PMU from the mains. It breaks only
the phase circuit, not the neutral.
The PMU should be serviced only by qualified technicians. There are no
user-replaceable parts inside. If the PMU is damaged and does not function
properly, stop the module safely and contact your regional Tait office
immediately.
All servicing should be carried out only when the PMU is powered through
a mains isolating transformer of sufficient rating.
30 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual
© Tait Limited November 2013
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