Tait TB9100 User Manual

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TB9100 Base Station P25 CG Console Gateway P25 TAG Trunked Analog Gateway

Installation and Operation Manual

MBA-00002-15 · Issue 15 · March 2014

Contact Information

Tait Communications Corporate Head Office

Tait Limited P.O. Box 1645 Christchurch New Zealand

For the address and telephone number of regional offices, refer to our website: www.taitradio.com

All information contained in this document is the property of Tait Limited. All rights reserved. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, stored, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form, without prior written permission from Tait Limited.

The word TAIT and the TAIT logo are trademarks of Tait Limited.

All trade names referenced are the service mark, trademark or registered trademark of the respective manufacturers.

Disclaimer

There are no warranties extended or granted by this document. Tait Limited accepts no responsibility for damage arising from use of the information contained in the document or of the equipment and software it describes. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that use of such information, equipment and software complies with the laws, rules and regulations of the applicable jurisdictions.

Enquiries and Comments

If you have any enquiries regarding this document, or any comments, suggestions and notifications of errors, please contact your regional Tait office.

Updates of Manual and Equipment

In the interests of improving the performance, reliability or servicing of the equipment, Tait Limited reserves the right to update the equipment or this document or both without prior notice.

Intellectual Property Rights

This product may be protected by one or more patents or designs of Tait Limited together with their international equivalents, pending patent or design applications, and registered trade marks: NZ409837, NZ409838, NZ415277, NZ415278, NZ508806, NZ511155, NZ516280/NZ519742, NZ521450, NZ524369, NZ524378, NZ524509, NZ524537, NZ530819, NZ534475, NZ534692, NZ547713, NZ569985, NZ577009, NZ579051, NZ579364, NZ580361, NZ584534, NZ586889, NZ592624, NZ593887, NZ593888, NZ600346, NZ601933 ,

NZ607046, NZ607046, NZ610426, NZ610563, NZ612027, NZ613565, NZ615898, NZ615954, AU2004216984, AU321864, AU 321868, AU339127, AU339391, CN1031871, CN 1070368, CN200930004199.5, CN200930004200.4, CN200930009301.0, EU000915475-0001, EU000915475-0002, GB2413445, US12/870840, US13/082767, US13/185498, US 13/465664, US 13/ 542062, US13/542147, US13/763531, US 13/896969, US14/032876, US29/401234, US 29/401235, US5745840, US640974, US640977, US7411461, US7758996, US7937661, US8301682.

This product may also be made under license under one or more of the following U.S. Patents: 4,590,473 4,636,791 4,716,407 4,972,460 5,146,497 5,148,482 5,164,986 5,185,795 5,185,796 5,271,017 5,377,229 5,502,767. The IMBE™ voice coding Technology embodied in this product is protected by intellectual property rights including patent rights, copyrights and trade secrets of Digital Voice Systems, Inc. This voice coding Technology is licensed solely for use within this Communications Equipment. The user of this Technology is explicitly prohibited from attempting to decompile, reverse engineer, or disassemble the Object Code, or in any other way convert the Object Code into a human-readable form. Protected by U.S. Patents 5,870,405, 5,826,222, 5,754,974, 5,701,390, 5,715,365, 5,649,050, 5,630,011, 5,581,656, 5,517,511, 5,491,772, 5,247,579, 5,226,084 and 5,195,166.

Environmental Responsibilities

Tait Limited is an environmentally responsible company which supports waste minimization, material recovery and restrictions in the use of hazardous materials.

The European Union’s Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive requires that this product be disposed of separately from the general waste stream when its service life is over. For more information about how to dispose of your unwanted Tait product, visit the Tait WEEE website at www.taitradio.com/

weee. Please be environmentally responsible and dispose

through the original supplier, or contact Tait Limited. Tait Limited also complies with the Restriction of the

Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS) Directive in the European Union.

In China, we comply with the Measures for Administration of the Pollution Control of Electronic Information Products. We will comply with environmental requirements in other markets as they are introduced.

2 TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Scope of Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Associated Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Publication Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

1 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.2 Base Station and Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

1.3 Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Base Station Reciter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Gateway Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Power Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Power Management Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.5 Product Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Base Station/Repeater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

12V DC PA-Only Base Station/Repeater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Receive-only Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Console Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Trunked Analog Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

1.6 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Repeater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Line-Connected Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Channel Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Trunking Control or Traffic Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Simulcast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

P25 Linking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Data Gateway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Console Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Trunked Analog Gateway. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

1.7 Theory of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Signal Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Run and Standby Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Dual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Intermodule Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Power Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual 3 © Tait Limited March 2014

2 General Safety and Regulatory Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.1 Personal Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Unpacking and Moving the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Lethal Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

AC Power Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Explosive Environments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Proximity to RF Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

High Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

LED Safety (EN60825-1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.2 Equipment Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Installation and Servicing Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Preventing Damage to the PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

ESD Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Anti-tampering Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

2.3 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Operating Temperature Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Dust and Dirt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

2.4 Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Distress Frequencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Compliance Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

FCC Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

FCC Narrowbanding Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Unauthorized Modifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

3.1 Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Equipment Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Grounding and Lightning Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Equipment Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Ambient Air Temperature Sensor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Cabinet and Rack Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

3.2 Installing and Setting up the CSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Setting up CSS Access Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

PC Recommendations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

3.3 Unpacking and Moving the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

3.4 Setting Up on the Bench . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Confirming Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Connecting the CSS for the First Time and Setting the IP Address. . . . . . . . . 48

Finding a Lost or Forgotten IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Customizing the Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Recommended CSS Settings for Dual Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Changing the Root Password. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Short Tuning Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Checking the Modulation Fidelity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Other Operational Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

3.5 Installing the Base Station on Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Base Stations for Trunked Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4 TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Equipment Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Mounting the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

3.6 Connecting Up the Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Connection Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Connecting AC Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Connecting DC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Connecting the Auxiliary DC Power Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Connecting RF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Connecting an External Frequency Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Connecting a 1PPS Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Connecting an Antenna Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Connecting the Ethernet Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Connecting the Analog Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

4 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

4.1 Control Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Speaker Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Microphone Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

4.2 Monitoring with the CSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

4.3 Monitoring Front Panel Fan Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

4.4 Module LED Indicators and Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

PMU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

5 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

6 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

7 Replacing Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

7.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

7.2 Preliminary Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

7.3 Replacing the Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Configuring the Control Panel Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

7.4 Replacing a Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

7.5 Replacing a Power Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

7.6 Replacing a Power Management Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

7.7 Replacing the Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

7.8 Replacing the Module Guide Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

7.9 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Configuring the Subrack Interconnect Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

7.10 Final Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Reprogramming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Fitting the Front Panel and Powering Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual 5 © Tait Limited March 2014

8 Technical Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117

8.1 Mechanical Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

8.2 Reciter Module Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

8.3 PA Module Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

8.4 PMU Module Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

PMU Operation on DC Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

8.5 Control Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

8.6 System Control Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Appendix A – Interface Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

D-range Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Analog Interface Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Digital Interface Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

PMU Auxiliary DC Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

DC Input to 12V PA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Microphone Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141

5 or 50W Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

100W Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

12V PA Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Dual Channel 5 or 50W Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Five Reciters and One PMU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Seven Reciters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

P25 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149

6 TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Preface

Scope of Manual

This manual primarily describes the TB9100 base station but also includes the P25 CG console gateway and P25 TAG trunked analog gateway. When “base station” is referred to, this generally applies to the console gateway and trunked analog gateway as well. When “reciter” is referred to, this generally applies also to the gateway module.

This manual is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with installing and operating base station and gateway equipment. It includes a technical description of the equipment, maintenance and troubleshooting information.

Document Conventions

“File > Open” means “click File on the menu bar, then click Open on the list of commands that pops up”. “Monitor > Module Details > Channel Module” means “click the Monitor icon on the toolbar, then in the navigation pane find the Module Details group, and select Channel Module from it”.

Within this manual, four types of alerts may be given to the reader. The following paragraphs illustrate each type of alert and its associated symbol.

Warning This alert is used when there is a hazardous situa-

tion which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

Caution This alert is used when there is a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.

Notice This alert is used to highlight information that is required to ensure procedures are performed correctly. Incorrectly performed procedures could result in equipment damage or malfunction.

This icon is used to draw your attention to information that may improve your understanding of the equipment or procedure.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Preface 7 © Tait Limited March 2014

Associated Documentation

The current set of TB9100 product documentation is provided in PDF format on the product CD. Updates are made available on the Tait support web. Print copies of the documentation are available on request.

■ TB9100 Specifications Manual (MBA-00014-xx).

■ TB9100 Customer Service Software User’s Manual (MBA-00003-xx)

and online Help.

■ TB9100 Calibration Software User’s Manual (MBA-00004-xx) and

online Help.

■ TBA0STU/TBA0STP Calibration and Tes t U ni t O p e r a t i o n M a nu a l

(MBA-00013-xx).

■ TaitNet P25 Conventional Networks System Manual (MBA-00032-xx).

■ TaitNet P25 Trunked Networks System Manual (MBA-00045-xx).

■ TN9400 P25 Trunked Network System Manual (MNC-00001-xx).

■ Safety and Compliance Information (MBA-00012-xx)

The characters xx represent the issue number of the documentation.

Technical notes are published from time to time to describe applications for Tait products, to provide technical details not included in manuals, and to offer solutions for any problems that arise. The product CD includes technical notes that were available at the time of release. Look for new or updated technical notes on Tait’s technical support website.

8Preface TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Publication Record

Issue Publication Date Description

1 July 2004 First release

2 January 2005 General updates; new photographs;

3 March 2005 General updates; Appendix D added

4 August 2005 General updates for version 1.2 release;

5 May 2006 General updates for version 2.1 release

6 August 2006 General updates for version 2.2 release;

7 January 2007 General updates for version 3.0. DFSI

Appendix C added

Appendix D removed

H4 frequency band added; control panel updated; P25 CG console gateway added.

interface, centralized voting, voter and switch redesign. Modulation fidelity test. Recommendations for preventing damage to the PA. Carrying handles.

8 November 2007 Updates for simulcast. Short tuning

procedure.

9 January 2009 General updates. P25 TAG trunked

analog gateway added. Extra information on analog line connections.

10 December 2009 General updates. Analog line connection

information updated. 12V PA startup voltage changed. Subrack dimension drawing added.

11 September 2010 General updates. Data gateway

information added.

12 August 2012 General updates for version 3.9 release.

Information added on compliance standards, PMU fan thresholds, PA power foldback, and reprogramming base stations after replacing modules.

13 November 2012 Information added on FCC

narrowbanding regulations

14 September 2013 Torque setting for SMA connectors

reduced.

15 March 2014 Information added on recommended

CSS settings for dual base stations. PMU fan thresholds updated. Minor additions and corrections.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Preface 9 © Tait Limited March 2014

10 Preface TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

1 Description

The Tait TB9100 base station/repeater is a robust state-of-the-art digital fixed station that combines Tait’s proven strengths in reliability, high performance and modular design with software-based configurability and operation, digital signal processing and voice-over-IP technology. Also available are a standalone P25 CG console gateway and a P25 TAG trunked analog gateway, providing full encryption features, but no RF functionality.

The base station, console gateway and trunked analog gateway are designed for operation in a Project 25 radio network. The base station can be configured as a repeater or as a line-connected base station, for operation in conventional or in trunked networks. The base station and console gateway can also be configured for operation as a data gateway in a conventional network. The console gateway and trunked analog gateway are used where encryption is required on the analog line interface.

The ability of the base station to interoperate in both analog FM and digital P25 modes, to link stations using standard Internet Protocol communications, and to add features through software options ensures that P25 systems designed with the TB9100 are scalable in both size and functionality.

The base station and gateways combine industry-leading digital voice quality with rugged design specifications and intuitive user interfaces. These products have been designed to meet the demanding needs of the public safety and public service sectors.

The base station’s RF interface is dual-mode analog/digital, allowing users of APCO P25 or analog radios to communicate via the network.

Its Ethernet interface provides built-in network connectivity, allowing the TB9100 to join with other TB9100 base stations and console gateways to form a channel group. This network supports voice over IP and remote management of all base stations and gateways.

The analog line allows the direct connection of third party dispatch systems.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 11 © Tait Limited March 2014

1.1 Features

The following are some of the features of the base station:

■ Fully compliant with the Project 25 Common Air Interface. Can

■ Dual mode. Comprehensive analog and digital features ensure

■ Integrated built-in voting facility. No external voter is needed.

■ Can be completely managed remotely from a PC running the Tait

■ An integrated wiring solution is provided for the system control bus and

■ Reciters can be replaced without affecting the operation of other reciters

■ Rugged construction with generous heatsinks and fan-forced cooling for

therefore interoperate with any similarly compliant radios.

interoperability with analog or digital technology. The base station can switch seamlessly between analog FM and digital P25 communications on a per-call basis.

Customer Service Software (CSS): configuration, alarm monitoring, fault diagnosis, feature and firmware upgrades.

DC power connections to each reciter.

in the same subrack.

continuous operation from –30°C to +60°C (– 22°F to +140°F).

The following are some of the features of the gateways:

■ Project 25 standard DES or AES encryption and decryption at the analog

line interface.

■ Support for MDC1200, E&M, and function tone signaling on the analog

line.

1.2 Base Station and Gateway

Like the base station, the console gateway and trunked analog gateway can be unpacked, given an IP address, set up on the bench, and used with a Calibration and Test Unit (CTU). AC and DC power, the analog line, and Ethernet are connected up in the same way for both a base station and a gateway. The gateway has a front panel with fans and a control panel. It can also be monitored and configured by the CSS, much as a base station. Although the gateway module has an RF board (as well as a digital board and a network board), that board has only limited functionality, such as providing clock signals. The gateway subrack can be populated with multiple gateway modules, in the same way that the base station can be populated with multiple reciters. A faulty gateway module or power management unit (PMU) is replaced in the same way.

The control panel in a console gateway operates as for a base station, except that the Carrier button has no effect and the microphone can only transmit via the connected channel group. The speaker can output the channel group’s vote winner (if unencrypted), but the console gateway cannot itself provide any receive audio, as it has no RF capability. The control panel in a

12 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

trunked analog gateway has limited functionality. The Power and Alarm LEDs are used, but none of the other controls are operational.

Any references in this manual to the following do not apply to the gateways:

■ Tran smi tt in g

■ PA

■ Receiving.

The gateway has one capability that the base station does not have. It can serve as an encryption/decryption point. Many references to encryption apply only to the gateway.

When “base station” is referred to, this generally applies to the console gateway and trunked analog gateway as well. When “reciter” is referred to, this generally applies also to the gateway module.

1.3 Modules

The base station or gateway consists of a subrack with one of the following:

■ Up to two transmit/receive channels.

■ Up to five receive-only or gateway channels with a PMU.

■ Up to seven receive-only or gateway channels (external power supply

required).

The one PMU supplies and manages power to the whole subrack. One reciter or gateway module is needed for each channel and one PA is needed for each transmit/receive channel. There is also a front panel with fans, and a control panel. The modules are interconnected at the front of the subrack. External connections to the modules are located at the rear.

Modules come in different variants depending for example on the RF band or the supply voltage. The PA and the PMU are common to the TB8100 base station. Receive-only base stations and gateways do not need PAs.

Each module is inserted into the 4U subrack from the front and is secured at the front with a metal clamp. Both clamp and module are easily removed for rapid module replacement. The modules are secured laterally with plastic guides that clip into the top and bottom of the subrack. These guides can be easily repositioned to change the configuration of a subrack. The heavier modules are also secured laterally by metal tabs at the rear of the subrack.

The following provides a brief description of the available modules.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 13 © Tait Limited March 2014

Base Station Reciter

The reciter module comprises the receiver, exciter and digital control circuitry. It also incorporates the network board, which provides the Ethernet interface, the analog line interface, and general purpose digital inputs and outputs.

Reciters are installed in the subrack from right to left (viewed from the front), with the right-hand position corresponding to position 1 on the control panel. Only the reciter in position 1 can communicate with the PMU (if fitted).

It is not possible to convert a reciter to a gateway module.

Gateway Modules

The gateway module of the console gateway and trunked analog gateway appears identical to the reciter of the base station. However, they are electronically distinct. The console gateway and trunked analog gateway have no RF capability. They perform P25 encryption and decryption at the analog line, which the base station is incapable of.

Gateway modules are installed in the subrack from right to left (viewed from the front), with the right-hand position corresponding to position 1 on the control panel. Only the gateway module in position 1 can communicate with the PMU (if fitted).

It is not possible to convert a gateway module into a reciter.

14 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Power Amplifier

The power amplifier amplifies the RF output from the reciter and is available in 5W, 50W and 100W models.

The 5W and 50W models mount vertically in the subrack, while the 100W model mounts horizontally as it has a wider heatsink. The 100W PA is also fitted with an airflow duct.

5/50W PA 100W PA

All three models are designed to operate on the 28VDC output provided by the power management unit. In addition, variants of the 5W and 50W models are available for DC-only operation. These two 12V PAs are fitted with an internal boost regulator board, which converts the 12 V nominal DC input to a 28VDC output to power the PA circuit boards. The boost regulator board also provides a 12VDC output to power the reciter.

The first 5W or 50W PA is installed in position 3 of the subrack. The second 5W or 50 W PA is installed in position 5. The 100W PA occupies positions 3, 4 and 5 and shares a connection with the PMU to position 6 of the subrack. PAs are not required in a gateway or receive-only base station.

Power Management Unit

The PMU provides the 28VDC power supply for the modules in the subrack. The input voltage can be AC, DC or both AC and DC, depending on the model. The PMU also has an auxiliary DC output of 13.65 VDC,

27.3VDC, or 54.6VDC, depending on the model.

The PMU can only be installed in positions 6 and 7 of the subrack. It is connected to position 6.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 15 © Tait Limited March 2014

AC and DC PMU shown

Front Panel

Control Panel

The front panel is mounted onto the subrack with two quick-release fasteners. It incorporates the cooling fans for the PAs and the PMU if these modules are present.

The control panel is mounted onto the subrack and is accessible through an opening in the front panel. The control panel provides some manual control of the channels in the subrack, can display status information for each channel and allows the technician to make and receive calls (refer to

“Control Panel” on page 79).

Subrack

It is a technician tool rather than a user facility.

The 4U subrack is made of passivated steel and is designed to fit into a standard 19 inch rack or cabinet.

It is fitted with a configurable subrack interconnect board that provides switching and control logic. The position of a module in the rack is defined by the socket in the subrack interconnect board to which the module is connected by the system control bus.

16 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands

Much of the circuitry in the base station is common to both frequency bands, and is therefore covered by a single description in this manual. Where the circuitry differs between VHF and UHF, separate descriptions are provided for each frequency band. In some cases the descriptions refer to specific VHF or UHF bands or sub-bands, and these are identified with the letters listed in the following table.

Frequency Identification

B band B1 = 136MHz to 174MHz

VHF

H band H0 = 380MHz to 520MHz

UHF

K band K4 = 762MHz to 870MHz

L band L1 = 852MHz to 854MHz and 928MHz to 930MHz

a. Only PAs with hardware version 00.02 and later can operate from 380MHz to

520MHz. PAs with hardware version 00.01 and earlier can only operate from 400MHz to 520MHz.

b. The actual frequency coverage in this band is:

Transmit: 762 MHz to 776 MHz, and 850 MHz to 870 MHz Receive: 792MHz to 824MHz

c. Only 5 W L-band base stations are available. They currently only have compliance for

sale in Australia, and are unavailable in other markets.

Frequency Band and Sub-band

B2 = 136MHz to 156MHz B3 = 148MHz to 174MHz

H1 = 400MHz to 440MHz H2 = 440MHz to 480MHz H3 = 470MHz to 520MHz H4 = 380MHz to 420MHz

1.5 Product Options

The modular design of the base station means that it is available in many variations. A range of features that can be enabled in software adds another level of configurability. Here are some of the different products that result from different module combinations.

Base Station/Repeater

The standard combination of modules is suitable for use as a line-connected base station and as a repeater. This is the typical base station configuration described in “Theory of Operation” on page 21. Depending on its PMU, it can operate on AC power, DC power, or a combination of both.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 17 © Tait Limited March 2014

12V DC PA-Only Base Station/Repeater

The base station can be provided without a PMU for those who prefer to use an external third party power supply. The 12 V DC input is connected directly to the 12V PA. This is a variant of the PA that includes a boost regulator board. This board converts the 12V nominal DC input to a 28VDC output to power the PA circuit boards. The boost regulator board also provides a 12VDC output to power the reciter. Customers must provide their own power supply. Without a PMU, the base station can only be powered by DC and cannot carry out its power management functions.

Receive-only Base Station

The base station can be provided as a receive-only variant in systems that need sites to enhance the receive coverage. This consists of a single reciter in a subrack, with or without power management. The exciter is present but not licensed to transmit.

Console Gateway

A console gateway consists of a gateway module in a subrack, optionally with a PMU. A subrack can contain several gateway modules. The console gateway’s analog line connects to the dispatch system, and its Ethernet interface connects to the Tait P25 Network. It has no RF functionality.

Encrypted voice quality is indistinguishable from unencrypted.

The console gateway supports Project 25 compliant DES (via the basic encryption license) and AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) with the AES license.

Since the control panel is another analog access point, decryption at the control panel could be a point of insecurity in the system. For this reason, there is no encryption or decryption to the control panel. The control panel speaker plays unencrypted speech (if that is present at the gateway). If the gateway is receiving or transmitting encrypted speech, the speaker simply produces encrypted noise.

Trunked Analog Gateway

A trunked analog gateway consists of a gateway module in a subrack, optionally with a PMU. A subrack can contain several gateway modules. A trunked analog gateway differs from a console gateway only in the software feature licenses it has. The trunked analog gateway’s analog line connects to the dispatch system, and its Ethernet interface connects (via the CSSI protocol) to an RFSS controller in a Tait P25 Trunked Network. It has no RF functionality.

18 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Encrypted voice quality is indistinguishable from unencrypted.

The trunked analog gateway supports Project 25 compliant DES (via the basic encryption license) and AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) with the AES license.

The control panel in a trunked analog gateway has limited functionality. The Power and Alarm LEDs are operational, but the microphone and speaker are not used.

1.6 Applications

TB9100 base stations can be used as repeaters or as base stations. They can be connected together as a channel group, to form a wide area repeater or wide area base station. They can be used in trunking systems and in conventional systems with analog or digital dispatch equipment. For more information, see the appropriate Tait P25 System Manual.

Repeater

The base station can function as a standalone repeater. The analog line is not used and the Ethernet line is only used for CSS access.

Line-Connected Base Station

Analog The base station can function as a line-connected base station. Analog

dispatch equipment is connected to the analog line.

Digital The base station can make available a digital fixed station interface (DFSI)

for connecting to digital dispatch equipment.

Channel Group

Base stations that are interconnected over an IP-based linking infrastructure can be configured as a channel group. Together, they operate as a single logical channel, forming a wide area repeater, wide area base station, wide area trunking control channel or trunking traffic channel.

Trunking Control or Traffic Channel

Base stations can be interfaced to an external trunking site controller. Under instructions from the site controller, they can function as a control channel or a traffic channel.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 19 © Tait Limited March 2014

Simulcast

Base stations can operate as part of a simulcast channel group. The transmitters in the channel group are synchronized and transmit simultaneously on the same frequency. Each transmitter needs a highly accurate 1PPS pulse and an external frequency reference, so that it can time transmissions with the required accuracy.

P25 Linking

A pair of base stations can function as linking transceivers and be used to provide an RF link, for example between a channel group and a base station at a remote site.

Figure 1.1 Base stations as linking transceivers

Base

station

communications

Data Gateway

Linking

transceiver

Channel group

Local site Remote site

Linking

transceiver

Channel group

communications

Base

station

A base station must be appropriately configured using the CSS before it can function as a linking transceiver. As voting information cannot be carried over the RF link, signals that the linking transceiver provides to its channel group must be assigned a source type and given a fixed impairment value. For details, see the appropriate Tait P25 System Manual and the CSS Help or manual.

The data gateway is a function carried out in a Tait P25 base station or P25 console gateway operating in a TaitNet P25 conventional network. It provides a gateway between P25 radios and a data server. The data gateway interfaces to P25 radios using the P25 common air interface (CAI) and to a data server (such as the KMF) using the IP network. The data gateway function requires the Conventional Packet Data Services feature license and is enabled in configuration. For details, see the TaitNet P25 Conventional Networks System Manual and the CSS Help or manual.

20 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Console Gateway

The console gateway interfaces a third party analog dispatch console to a Tait P25 N etwork . It act s as an e ncr yp ti on/decryption point, enabling the analog dispatch console to participate in encrypted calls. A console gateway is a channel group member, connecting the dispatch console to the channel group.

Trunked Analog Gateway

The trunked analog gateway interfaces a third party analog dispatch console to a Tait P25 trunked network. Each trunked analog gateway makes a ‘channel’ available to the dispatcher by providing a connection into the trunked network. The dispatch console can be considered a virtual radio, with the gateway providing the dispatcher with a radio identity on the trunked network. The trunked analog gateway acts as an encryption/ decryption point, enabling the analog dispatch console to participate in encrypted calls.

1.7 Theory of Operation

Figure 1.2 Base station high-level diagram

RF To

Antenna

AC I/P

PMU

DC I/P

28VDC

(high current)

28VDC (low current)

System Control Bus

External Reference Frequency (if used)

RF +

PA Ke y

Control

Panel

Reciter

RF From Antenna

RS-232 + Digital I/O

Analog Line (4-wire E&M)

Ethernet

Interface

Network

Speaker

O/P

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 21 © Tait Limited March 2014

Microphone I/P

The reciter receives RF signals from its RF input and sends RF from its RF output to the PA, along with a PA key signal. The reciter also receives signals from and sends signals to the analog line, the Ethernet interface, and the control panel (see Figure 1.2).

A system control bus interconnects the modules and carries alarm and control signaling between the reciter and the other modules.

The control panel speaker and microphone enable the base station maintainer to communicate with the dispatcher or with subscriber unit radios. The Ethernet interface carries voice over IP as well as communications with the CSS.

The reciter carries out signal processing and has overall control of the base station. It comprises an RF, a digital, and a network board, as shown in

Figure 1.3.

Figure 1.3 Reciter boards

RF I/P

RF O/P

Ethernet Interface

Board

Digital

Board

Control

Panel

Maintainer Access

Network

Board

RS-232 + Digital I/O

Analog Line

The RF board contains the receiver and exciter circuitry.

The digital board converts information between analog and digital and controls the maintainer’s access via the control panel. It also performs the air interface signal processing for both analog FM and digital P25 modes.

The network board acts as the link between the digital circuitry and the Tait P25 Network, and gives the base station an identity as a network element. It also provides the physical connections for the Ethernet, analog and RS-232 serial interfaces.

For more detailed information, see “Technical Description” on page 117.

22 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Signal Paths

Figure 1.4 gives an overview of signal paths within the reciter.

Figure 1.4 Reciter signal paths

Digital Board Network board

Protocol

Main

switch

RF Interface

ADC

demodulator

Modulator/

P25

modem

FM audio

process

ADC

Control panel

G.711

Vocoder

DSP

switch

stack

RTP

UDP

G.711

Vocoder

Analog line

Ethernet Interface

ADC

1. Incoming signals all go to the main switch. a. Digital P25 signals from the RF interface go straight from the

digital board to the main switch.

b. Analog FM signals from the RF interface go from the FM audio

processing circuitry via a G.711 encoder to the DSP switch, which routes them to the main switch.

c. All signals from the channel group go through the protocol stack

straight to the main switch.

d. Signals from the control panel microphone or from the analog line

pass first through an ADC, which converts them from analog to a 128kbit/s digital stream. Then, if they are analog FM, they pass through a G.711 encoder. If they are digital P25, they pass through an IMBE vocoder. The DSP switch then routes them to the main switch.

2. The main switch handles the signals according to the reciter’s configuration and role within the channel group. It may vote between RF-originated signals. If there are multiple signals, it selects or prioritizes them.

3. The main switch routes the signals to the appropriate destinations:

■ RF interface (via the digital board), for transmitting P25 over the

air)

■ Ethernet interface (via the IP protocol stack), for sending to the

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 23 © Tait Limited March 2014

other channel group members

■ DSP switch, for further routing and for converting back to analog

4. The DSP switch coordinates the DSP processing of the signals and routes them to the RF interface, analog line and/or the control panel speaker).

5. Each destination interface makes available the signal with the highest priority for that interface.

Run and Standby Modes

The base station normally operates in Run mode, but you can use the CSS to put it in Standby mode.

Run mode In Run mode, the base station performs its normal functions.

Standby mode When you program the base station or run invasive diagnostic tests, the base

station must be in Standby mode. This takes the base station out of service. However, the control panel is still effective; you can use it to send and receive over the air and across the analog line and to receive from the channel group interface.

Dual Mode

The base station can handle analog FM calls as well as digital P25 calls. It is a dual-mode base station. However, it can be configured to always operate in one mode. For example, if only digital P25 radios use the base station, the base station can ignore analog FM calls. Note that at any one time, the base station can only handle one call, either analog FM or digital P25. It cannot receive a call in one mode and repeat it in the other.

Analog FM mode In Analog FM mode, the base station can receive and transmit over the RF

interface using analog FM modulation. Analog FM speech is sent and received over the channel group interface using the G.711 format.

Digital P25 mode In digital P25 mode, the base station can receive and transmit over the RF

interface using digital P25 modulation. Digital speech is in the IMBE (Improved Multi-Band Excitation) format.

Dual mode configuration

Dual mode is configured not for the base station as a whole, but for the inputs at a particular interface. The mode of outputs is not configurable; it can always be either analog FM or digital P25, depending on the input. When the base station receives an input on an interface, it operates in the mode of that input.

24 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Dual mode is configured or selected at the different inputs in the following way:

Input interface Description

RF The RF interface can be configured in channel profiles

to receive analog FM speech, digital P25 speech or both (dual mode). In dual mode, the receiver listens for digital P25 signals. If they are detected, the base station operates in digital P25 mode, otherwise in analog FM mode.

Analog Line The analog line receives analog speech signals from

the dispatch console. The current calling profile defines whether the signal is to be handled as digital P25 or analog FM. Different calling profiles can select different modes.

Digital fixed station interface The DFSI receives speech signals whose mode has

already been defined by the FSH. The FSI is always capable of receiving calls in either mode.

Channel group interface The channel group interface receives speech signals

whose mode has already been defined by the channel group member that is the source of the call. The channel group interface is always capable of receiving calls in either mode.

Control Panel The control panel receives speech from the

connected microphone. The user selects digital P25 or analog FM mode using the microphone button. Refer to “Microphone Operation” on page 82 for further details. The destination of the signal is configured by the CSS.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 25 © Tait Limited March 2014

Intermodule Communications

A system control bus and a subrack interconnect board interconnect the modules in the subrack and carry alarm and control signaling between the reciter and the other modules, as shown in Figure 1.5.

Figure 1.5 Intermodule communication paths

Microphone

Control Panel

Speaker

User

Controls

I C

μP

I C

PMU

I C Current

Source

Reciter

μP

I C

Mic

Speaker

μP

Fan Fan

Subrack Interconnect Board

Fan

PMU

Fan

26 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Power Management

Base stations with a PMU manage the supply of power to ensure uninterrupted operation of the base station. A range of parameters is monitored and can trigger alarms that are sent via the reciter to the CSS and a syslog collector.

AC to DC Changeover

When the PMU has an AC and a DC module, the base station can be powered by either the AC (mains) or the DC (battery) supply. The base station will default to the AC supply if both supplies are provided. If the AC supply becomes unavailable, a seamless changeover from the AC to DC supply takes place, providing that the battery voltage is above the configured minimum. You can use the CSS to monitor whether the base station is running on battery or mains power.

DC Operation When the base station is running off the DC supply and the battery voltage

falls below the configured minimum, the base station will enter PMU Shutdown mode to protect the battery and base station equipment. The standby power supply card maintains the power to the PMU microprocessor, while the rest of the PMU is shut down. When the battery voltage rises to the configured startup setting, power is resumed to the DC supply. Refer to

“PMU Operation on DC Input” on page 129 for more detailed

information.

Auxiliary Power Control

The output from the auxiliary power supply board can be used to power other site equipment. The maximum output is 40W.

Power Distribution

Subracks with a PMU

Figure 1.6 shows how power is distributed to modules in the subrack. One

method is used if there is a PMU, another if there is a 12V PA and yet another if there is neither PMU nor PA.

The subrack can receive input power from either the AC or DC input. The PMU provides a 28 V output to the PA and to the reciters. Internal seamless switching between the AC or DC input ensures there are no power interruptions should a changeover occur between the two inputs. The base station will default to the AC input if both AC and DC inputs are provided.

The AC converter has a series switch which isolates the mains input from the converter. The DC input, however, has much higher current ratings, and supports an on/off switch on the converter only.

The outputs from both the AC and DC high power converters are added together and fed to the PA via the PA1 and PA2 outputs. The auxiliary output is also tapped off this summed output.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 27 © Tait Limited March 2014

12V DC PA-only subracks

In 12V DC PA-only base stations, the DC power input is connected directly to the PA, where it is fed to the internal boost regulator board. This board provides a 12VDC output for the reciter and a 28VDC output for the PA circuit boards.

Subracks with no PA and no PMU

Distribution from the reciter

When the subrack has neither PMU or PA, reciters or gateway modules obtain their power from a DC terminal block at the rear of the subrack.

The reciter input power feed is distributed to all internal reciter boards. Local regulation ensures that noise and common mode interface signals are kept to a minimum between sub-assemblies. Various power supplies in the reciter further power and isolate critical sub-sections.

The reciter also powers the control panel, via a backpower protection diode. The system control bus is used to route power from the reciter to the control panel. When a reciter is powered and plugged into the control bus, if a control panel is connected there will always be a reciter present to drive the control bus functions.

Figure 1.6 Subrack power distribution

Subrack with PMU

PMU

28V

Aux. DC

Reciter

28V

Control Panel

12 V DC

PA-only subrack

12V

Boost Regulator

28V

12V

Reciter

12V

Control Panel

Subrack with no

PA and no PMU

10.8 - 32V

DC terminal at rear of subrack

J17 connector on subrack interconnect board

Reciter

10.8

- 32V

Control Panel

28 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Front Panel Fans

The front panel can be equipped with up to two fans. One fan is for the PMU and the other is for the PAs. (Reciters also have fans, see “Reciter Fan

Operation” on page 121.)

Front panel fans do not operate continuously but are switched on and off as needed by the reciter firmware.

When the base station powers up, the fans turn on: the PMU fan runs first, followed by the PA fan (the reciter fans will also power up, after the PA fan). Each fan will run for about 5 seconds before switching off.

Front panel fans must have the correct wiring: power and ground (2-wire fans), or power, ground, and rotation detect (3-wire fans). Both fans in a subrack must be of the same type. If 3-wire fans are fitted, the reciter can monitor whether the fans are rotating and generate an alarm if the fan fails.

The control and monitoring of the fans is performed by the reciter selected at the control panel. We recommend that you enable the fan alarms for reciter 1 and disable the fan alarms for the other reciters.

Configuring Fan Control

The operation of the PA fan is configurable via the CSS; you can specify the threshold temperature at which the fan will be turned on, and set the fan to operate only when the PA is transmitting.

The PMU fan has fixed on/off thresholds and a defined set of duty cycles based on the PMU temperature and load current, as described in the following table.

PMU Temperature Current Fan Duty Cycle

<149°F (65°C) <4A

4A–6A 6A–8A 8A–12A 12A–14A ≥15A

>149°F (65°C) –– always on

always off 2 minutes on, 8 minutes off 2 minutes on, 5 minutes off 3 minutes on, 3 minutes off 4 minutes on, 1 minute off always on

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Description 29 © Tait Limited March 2014

30 Description TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

2 General Safety and Regulatory

Information

This chapter provides general information on safety precautions for operating the base station.

2.1 Personal Safety

Unpacking and Moving the Equipment

To prevent personal injury and equipment damage, we recommend that two people unpack and move the equipment.

Lethal Voltages

Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 62lb

(28kg), or up to 66lb (30kg) complete with packaging. We recommend that you have another person help you unpack and move the equipment. The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to move the equipment once it has been unpacked. If necessary, remove the modules from the subrack before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 95). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.

Warning The PMU contains voltages that may be lethal.

Refer to the ratings label on the rear of the module.

The equipment must be installed so that the rear of the PMU is located in a service access area which is accessible only by qualified personnel. The PMU must be connected to the mains supply source by qualified personnel in accordance with local and national regulations.

Disconnect the mains IEC connector and wait for five minutes for the internal voltages to self-discharge before dismantling. The AC power on/off switch does not isolate the PMU from the mains. It breaks only the phase circuit, not the neutral.

The PMU should be serviced only by qualified technicians. There are no user-replaceable parts inside. If the PMU is damaged and does not function properly, stop the module safely and contact your regional Tait office immediately.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 31 © Tait Limited March 2014

All servicing should be carried out only when the PMU is powered through a mains isolating transformer of sufficient rating.

AC Power Connection

English (en) The PMU must be connected to a grounded mains

Norsk (no) Apparatet må tilkoples jordet stikkontakt.

Suomi (fi) Laite on liitettävä suojamaadoitus-koskettimilla

Svenska (sv) Apparaten skall anslutas till jordat uttag.

Explosive Environments

socket-outlet.

varustettuun pistorasiaan.

Warning

ing caps or in an explosive atmosphere. Operating the equipment in these environments is a definite safety hazard.

Proximity to RF Transmissions

Do not operate the transmitter when someone is standing within 3ft. (90cm) of the antenna. Do not operate the transmitter unless you have checked that all RF connectors are secure.

High Temperatures

Take care when handling a PMU or PA which has been operating recently. Under extreme operating conditions (+140°F [+60°C] ambient air temperature) or high duty cycles, the external surfaces of the PMU and PA can reach temperatures of up to +176°F (+80°C).

LED Safety (EN60825-1)

This equipment contains Class 1 LED Products.

Do not operate the equipment near electrical blast-

32 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

2.2 Equipment Safety

Installation and Servicing Personnel

The equipment should be installed and serviced only by qualified personnel.

Preventing Damage to the PA

The base station has been designed to operate safely under a wide range of antenna loading conditions. Transmitting into a low VSWR will maximise the power delivered to the antenna.

Notice Do not remove the load from the PA while it is transmitting.

Load transients (switching or removing the load) or atmospheric disturbances (for example rain static and electrical storms) can damage the PA output stage. See “Protecting the PA” on page 69 for recommendations.

ESD Precautions

Notice This equipment contains devices which are susceptible to

damage from static charges. You must handle these devices carefully and according to the procedures described in the manufacturers’ data books.

We recommend you purchase an antistatic bench kit from a reputable manufacturer and install and test it according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Figure 2.1 shows a typical antistatic bench set-up.

You can obtain further information on antistatic precautions and the dangers of electrostatic discharge (ESD) from standards such as ANSI/ESD S20.20-1999 or BS EN 100015-4 1994.

Figure 2.1 Typical antistatic bench set-up

common point ground (building ground or mains ground)

dissipative rubber bench mat

conductive wrist strap

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 33 © Tait Limited March 2014

Anti-tampering Devices

All network elements should be physically secured, where possible. This includes the use of locked cabinets and the use of seals on connectors.

All network and audio connectors should be sealed with the stick on type of seal. The purpose of the seals is to detect unauthorized tampering. The seal should reveal if any of the connectors have been unplugged or if any unauthorized equipment has been plugged in.

The seals must be difficult to remove without breaking, and must bridge between the cable and equipment side (plug and socket) of the connection.

Seals must cover any unused network or audio sockets. This includes the Ethernet connector on the front panel, any spare switch ports, and the console port on the router and switch.

The seals must be difficult to reproduce. A sticker initialed or signed by the technician should satisfy this.

Seals must be replaced if they need to be disturbed during maintenance.

2.3 Environmental Conditions

Operating Temperature Range

The operating temperature range of the equipment is –22°F to +140°F (–30°C to +60°C) ambient temperature. Ambient temperature is defined as the temperature of the air at the intake to the cooling fans.

Humidity

The humidity should not exceed 95% relative humidity through the specified operating temperature range.

Dust and Dirt

For uncontrolled environments, the level of airborne particulates must not exceed 100µg/m

34 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

2.4 Regulatory Information

Distress Frequencies

The 406 to 406.1MHz frequency range is reserved worldwide for use by Distress Beacons. Do not program transmitters to operate in this frequency range.

Compliance Standards

This equipment has been tested and approved to various national and international standards. Refer to the latest issue of the Specifications Manual for a complete list of these standards.

FCC Compliance

This equipment complies with:

■ CFR Title 47 Part 15 Class B (except PMU):

Radiated and conducted emissions, and electromagnetic susceptibility specifications of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules for the United States. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

a. This device may not cause harmful interference, and b. This device must accept any interference received, including

interference that may cause undesired operation.

■ CFR Title 47 Part 15 Class A (PMU only):

a. This device may not cause harmful interference, and b. This device must accept any interference received, including

interference that may cause undesired operation.

■ CFR Title 47 Part 90R:

The use of frequencies in the 764 to 776MHz and 794 to 806MHz bands. The equipment can be set up to comply with the requirement of

§90.553 (a) of 47 CFR. This states that: a. Encryption is not permitted on the nationwide Interoperability

calling channels. These channels are defined in §90.531 (b) (1) (ii).

b. Encryption can be disabled by the user, if required.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 35 © Tait Limited March 2014

FCC Narrowbanding Regulations

The following information applies to all base stations, not just to those sold in countries where FCC regulations apply.

From 1 January 2013 it is an FCC requirement that land mobile radio systems must not operate channels with a bandwidth greater than 12.5kHz in the 150–174MHz and 421–470MHz frequency bands. From this date all base stations will be supplied with firmware that requires a software feature license to operate a mid-bandwidth or wide bandwidth channel in these frequency bands.

The TBAS083 20/25kHz Unrestricted Wideband feature license is available to any customer who is not subject to the relevant FCC regulations, or who has an FCC waiver. Note that this feature license is also required to operate a mid-bandwidth or wide bandwidth channel on the spot frequencies which are exempt from the FCC requirement. To obtain the feature license, or for more information about it, contact your regional Tait office.

Unauthorized Modifications

Any modifications you make to this equipment which are not authorized by Tait may invalidate your compliance authority’s approval to operate the equipment.

Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe

In the European Community, radio and telecommunications equipment is regulated by Directive 1999/5/EC, also known as Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) directive. The requirements of this directive include protection of health and safety of users, as well as electromagnetic compatibility.

Intended Purpose of Product

All base stations. This product is an FM radio transceiver. It is intended for radio communications in the Private Mobile Radio (PMR) or Public Access Mobile Radio (PAMR) services, to be used in all member states of the European Union (EU) and states within the European Economic Area (EEA). not harmonized throughout the EU/EEA, and will require a licence to operate in each member state.

This product can be programmed to transmit on frequencies that are

All gateways. This product is intended for radio-communication in the Private Mobile Radio (PMR) or Public Access Mobile Radio (PAMR) services, to be used in all member states of the European Union (EU) and states within the European Economic Area (EEA).

36 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Declaration of Conformity

You can download the formal Declaration of Conformity from

www.taitradio.com/eudoc.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 37 © Tait Limited March 2014

38 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

3 Installation

This chapter provides information on the site requirements for your TB9100 equipment and also describes how to install the base station in a standard 19inch rack or cabinet.

If this is your first time installing a TB9100 base station, we recommend that you read the entire chapter before beginning the actual installation.

3.1 Before You Begin

Equipment Security

The security of your base station equipment is a high priority. If the site is not fully secure, the base station should at least be locked in a secure cabinet to prevent unauthorized access.

The base station control panel provides access to the speaker, microphone input and alarm status display. It is important that control panel access is restricted to authorized maintainers only in order to ensure the confidentiality of voice communications and alarm status information.

Grounding and Lightning Protection

Electrical Ground The base station modules are grounded by physical contact between the

module case and the subrack. To ensure a good ground connection you must tighten each module retaining clamp securely (refer to “Final Reassembly”

on page 115 for the correct torque).

A threaded grounding connector is provided on the rear of the subrack for connection to the site ground point (refer to “Connecting Up the Base

Station” on page 64 for more details).

Lightning Ground It is extremely important for the security of the site and its equipment that

you take adequate precautions against lightning strike. Because it is outside the scope of this manual to provide comprehensive information on this subject, we recommend that you conform to your country’s standards organization or regulatory body.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 39 © Tait Limited March 2014

Equipment Ventilation

Always ensure there is adequate ventilation around the base station.

Notice Do not operate it in a sealed cabinet. You must keep the ambient temperature within the specified range, and we strongly recommended that you ensure that the cooling airflow is not restricted.

Notice The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel and will only operate when the panel is fitted correctly to the front of the subrack. To ensure adequate airflow through the base station, do not operate it for more than a few minutes with the front panel removed (e.g. for servicing purposes).

Ambient Air Temperature Sensor

The ambient air temperature reading for the base station is provided by the ambient air temperature sensor board

b fitted to the PA control board.

The sensor board is inserted through slots in the control board and heatsink to be positioned between the heatsink fins.

Notice If the sensor board is to provide accurate ambient temperature readings, it must have forced airflow and must not come into contact with the metal of the heatsink fins. Do not stack PAs with the fins together. It is possible for the fins on one heatsink to slide between the fins on the other heatsink. This can damage the sensor board, and possibly result in the heatsink fins becoming locked together.

Cabinet and Rack Ventilation

The cooling airflow for the base station enters through the front panel and exits at the rear of the subrack. For optimum thermal performance, the heated air that has passed through a base station must not be allowed to reenter the air intakes on the front panel. Any space at the front of the cabinet not occupied by equipment should be covered by a blanking panel. Refer to Figure 3.1 on page 42.

40 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

To allow enough cooling airflow through a cabinet-mounted base station, we recommend the following:

■ an area of at least 23in

in front of the air intakes for the fans for each subrack; for example, thirty

0.25x3.3in (6x85mm) slots will allow the recommended airflow

■ a vent in the top of the cabinet with an area of approximately 23in

(150cm

) per subrack, or a similar area of ventilation per subrack at the

rear of the cabinet behind each subrack

■ a 2U gap at the top of the cabinet.

Notice The ventilation opening must be unrestricted. If the slots or holes are covered with a filter, mesh or grille, the open area must be increased to allow the same airflow as an unrestricted opening.

The maximum ambient temperature entering the cabinet must not exceed +140°F (+60°C).

If you are installing multiple subracks in a cabinet, ensure that there will be enough cooling airflow through the cabinet after the equipment has been installed. For example, the recommended maximum number of subracks in a 38U cabinet is five, as shown in Figure 3.1 on page 42.

(150cm2) of unrestricted ventilation slots or holes

Auxiliary Extractor Fans

If the base station is installed in a rack or cabinet with other equipment with different ventilation requirements, we recommend that the base station be positioned below this equipment.

The base station does not require auxiliary extractor fans mounted in the top of the cabinet. If your cabinet is already fitted with fans, the following procedures apply:

■ if there are six or more 4.75 in (12cm) fans, each capable of extracting

■ if there are fewer than six fans, you must remove them and ensure the

94.2 ft

per minute (160m3 per hour), they must run continuously

vent in the top of the cabinet has an area of approximately 23in

(150cm

) per subrack.

If you have any other configuration, the performance of your system will depend on how closely you comply with the base station airflow requirements described above.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 41 © Tait Limited March 2014

Figure 3.1 Typical cabinet ventilation requirements

8in (20cm)

top view

side view

≥7in (≥17.5cm)

front view

ventilation slots

blanking panels

42 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

airflow entry

airflow exit

3.2 Installing and Setting up the CSS

To monitor and configure the base station, and to carry diagnostic tests on it, you need the CSS. Follow the instructions on the product CD and install the CSS on a PC.

To install the CSS, you need a registration key. You can obtain a key from Tait. Please contact your technical support representative. If you have previously installed a CSS, you can use the same key.

You also need to set up the PC so that it can handle network communications with base stations. When the base station is on the bench, the PC must use an IP address and subnet mask that is compatible with the base station.

If the PC is a laptop that can be taken on-site, it can be set up so that it can access any base station on the subnet. Maintenance staff use the CSS on their laptops during visits to base stations so that they can adjust the configuration of the base stations they are working on. So that technicians do not need to change the IP address of their laptop every time they visit a different site, a laptop subnet is allocated.

This subnet exists on all site LANs in the network but cannot be routed across the WAN. All routers (unless there are multiple routers on a site LAN) have the same address in the laptop subnet. This will be a secondary address on the routers’ LAN connection.

Each laptop can be set up with an address in the laptop subnet and their default gateway equal to the router address in that subnet.

Each router will redirect traffic originating on its local LAN and addressed to the laptop network back to the LAN. New base stations and spare base stations will also be allocated addresses in this subnet to facilitate their setup.

You need to tell the CSS which base stations it can connect to. This is done by editing the host information file. Open conncfg.dat in a text editor or select “Tools > Connections” and add names and IP addresses for each base station.

Setting up CSS Access Codes

The CSS has three different privilege levels: Guest, Maintainer, and Administrator. Access codes can be defined for the Maintainer and Administrator privileges. This is done during the CSS installation process.

When you use the CSS, you automatically have the Guest privilege. If you try to carry out an operation requiring the Maintainer or the Administrator privilege, you are asked for the corresponding access code, if one has been defined.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 43 © Tait Limited March 2014

PC Recommendations

We recommend the following PC hardware and software for connecting to a TB9100 base station:

■ SVGA Monitor (1024 x 768 minimum)

■ Available Serial Port

■ Network connection

■ Microsoft Windows 7, Windows Vista, or Windows XP

Windows 7 and Vista

Use the following procedure when installing the CSS on a PC running Windows 7 or Vista.

1. Install the CSS as an Administrator.

2. Right-click on the CSS icon on the desktop and select Run as Administrator.

3.3 Unpacking and Moving the Subrack

The subrack is packed in a strong corrugated cardboard carton with top and bottom foam cushions. To prevent personal injury and damage to the equipment, we recommend that two people unpack and move the subrack. To remove the subrack from the carton, follow the procedure illustrated in

Figure 3.2.

Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 62lb (28kg), or up to 66lb (30kg) complete with packaging. We recommend that you have another person help you unpack and move the subrack. The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to move the subrack once it has been unpacked. If necessary, remove the modules from the subrack before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 95). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.

44 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 3.2 Unpacking the subrack

1. Cut the tape securing the flaps at the top of the carton and fold them

flat against the sides

2. Rotate the carton carefully onto its side

ensuring that none of the flaps is trapped underneath.

c and then onto its top d,

3. Slide the carton upwards over the foam cushions and lift it away

Remove the cushion from the bottom of the subrack

4. Rotate the subrack and cushion carefully over the rear of the subrack

g so that it is the right way up with the cushion on top h. Remove

the cushion from the top of the subrack

Disposal of Packaging

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 45 © Tait Limited March 2014

If you do not need to keep the packaging, we recommend that you recycle it according to your local recycling methods. The foam cushions are CFCand HCFC-free and may be burnt in a suitable waste-to-energy combustion facility, or compacted in landfill.

3.4 Setting Up on the Bench

Before installing the base station in the on-site cabinets or racks, it is a good idea to set it up on the bench. You can then verify that it is operating correctly, and tune it if necessary. You can also customize its configuration for the installation it is destined for and verify that the configuration is correct. An important aspect of that configuration is the base station’s IP address. The base station comes with a default IP address but needs to be given the IP address required for its position in the Tait P25 Network.

Using a Calibration and Test Unit

A Calibration and Test Unit (CTU) can be of great assistance when confirming operation and when tuning and calibrating the base station.

Connect the CTU to the base station or gateway as shown in Figure 3.3.

Figure 3.3 Base station to CTU connections

CSS

Hub

10-32 VDC

Power

Supply

e d c

CTU

Reciter rear

9-way digital I/O / serial connector

Ethernet RJ-45

Analog RJ-45 (audio)

46 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

DC input connector

RJ-45

9-way port (male)

3-wire cable (TXD,RXD,GRND)

Notice The connections shown in Figure 3.3 assume the reciter is

powered via the subrack. If the reciter has been removed from the subrack, you must supply power to it (and the CTU) separately.

Notice The CTU is common to TB9100 and TB8100 base stations: some of its connectors and controls are not used with a TB9100. Refer to the Calibration and Test Unit Operation Manual for detailed information about connecting and operating the CTU.

Confirming Operation

To ensure that the base station is working correctly before site installation, you may want to apply power to check for proper operation.

Notice Make sure that the RF output is connected to a suitable attenuator or dummy load. Do not remove the load while the PA is transmitting.

Applying Power 1. Before turning the base station on, carry out the following tasks:

■ check that the PMU is turned off – ensure that the AC and DC

module power switches are both set to ‘Off ’ (refer to Figure 4.5

on page 87)

■ 12V PA only: check that the battery supply lead is disconnected

(refer to “Replacing a Power Amplifier” on page 103)

■ remove the front panel (refer to “Preliminary Disassembly” on

page 96)

■ check that all looms and cables at the front and rear of the base

station are fitted correctly

■ check that all connectors are secure

■ refit the front panel – ensure that it is fitted correctly so that the

fans will operate if needed (refer to “Final Reassembly” on

page 115)

2. Apply power by turning on the PMU, or by connecting the battery

supply lead to the 12V PA.

3. Check that the base station powers up correctly:

■ check that the cooling fans in the front panel turn on in the

correct order after power-up: the PMU fan will run first, followed by the PA fan and then the reciter fan; each fan will run for about five seconds and then switch off (note that the PMU fan is not fitted to a 12V PA base station)

■ check that the LEDs on the control panel come on after about five

seconds, and then go off (refer to “Control Panel” on page 79)

■ at this point you can safely press the speaker and microphone

button and check that they are operating correctly

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 47 © Tait Limited March 2014

Making Test Transmissions

You can verify that the base station is operating correctly by making some test transmissions. (If testing a console gateway, audio quality can be tested through the CTU.)

1. Ensure that the base station is correctly connected to an appropriate load and that all RF connectors are secure.

2. Plug the Tait TMAA02-01 microphone supplied with the base station into the RJ-45 socket on the control panel (for a list of the microphone pin allocations refer to “Microphone Connection” on

page 140).

3. Use the microphone button to select the speech mode for the transmission. Check that the microphone LED behaves correctly. Refer to “Microphone Operation” on page 82.

4. Turn on the speaker audio by pressing the speaker button.

5. Press the PTT switch on the microphone and make your transmission. Check that:

■ the red transmit LED turns on

■ there are no alarms generated

■ the audio quality on the receiving SU (if testing a base station), or

CTU (if testing a console gateway) is good

6. When the receiving SU answers your transmission, check that:

■ the green receive LED turns on

■ the audio quality from the speaker in the control panel is good

(adjust the speaker volume as required)

Connecting the CSS for the First Time and Setting the IP Address

Before the base station is installed on site, you need to provide it with a name and its proper IP address. Make sure that you do not lose this address. You must also add the same name and IP address to the CSS connections list, so that you can select the base station when you want to re-connect to it.

1. Run the CSS.

2. Configure the CSS PC so that it has an IP address and subnet mask that is compatible with the base station, For example: IP address =

192.168.1.1, subnet mask = 255.255.255.0. For more information, see the Basic Tasks section of the CSS Help or manual.

3. Connect to the base station by selecting from the connection list the default entry with the IP address 192.168.1.2. If you have trouble connecting, see the CSS Help or manual for more information and for troubleshooting assistance.

4. You are asked to enter the base station password. Don’t enter anything; just click OK. (New base stations have a null password.)

48 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

5. Read the base station’s configuration.

6. Select Configure > Channel Group > Network.

7. Enter the subnet and the IP address specified for this base station by

the IP addressing plan for the network. Also enter a suitable name for the base station.

Notice Be careful to enter the correct address and subnet, and to keep a written record of them. If you give the base station an unknown IP address or subnet, the CSS will be unable to connect to it.

8. Click OK to confirm your entry and exit the configuration form.

9. Click “Tools > Connections” and add an entry to the connections

list, consisting of the name and IP address you have entered.

10. Make any other configuration changes that are required (see

“Customizing the Configuration” below, and click Save to save them

to file.

11. On the toolbar, click Program to program the information into the

base station.

12. Click Overwrite to confirm that you really do want to change the

IP address.

13. Reset the base station so that the new IP address and name take effect.

This disconnects the CSS.

14. Make sure that the CSS PC’s IP address and subnet allow it to connect

to the base station’s new IP address.

15. If necessary, wait for the base station to power up, then on the toolbar,

click the Connect icon.

16. Select the entry you added to the connection list and click Connect.

17. In the status bar, verify that you are actually connected to the base

station.

Finding a Lost or Forgotten IP Address

Use the following procedure if an IP address has been lost or forgotten.

1. Connect your PC to the 9-pin serial connector on the back of the

reciter.

2. Run a program such as HyperTerminal, Teraterm or minicom.

3. Select the following port settings: 57600 baud, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop

bit, no flow control.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 49 © Tait Limited March 2014

4. Press the ‘Enter’ key. A login prompt will appear displaying the base station’s IP address.

Customizing the Configuration

While the base station is still on the bench, you can configure the settings it requires. The CTU can help you test its operation. The following steps provide an overview of the process. For detailed information and assistance, refer to the CSS Help or manual.

1. Run the CSS software.

2. Check that the CSS PC is connected to the base station via an Ethernet cable and a hub.

3. On the toolbar, click Connect. The Connections dialog box appears.

4. Click on the appropriate entry in the base station list, and then click Connect.

5. On the toolbar, click Read to read in the configuration settings on the connected base station.

6. On the toolbar, click Configure. The navigation tree now gives you access to the available configuration screens.

7. Make the changes needed.

8. Click “File > Save” to save your changes, and then click Program on the toolbar to program these changes into the base station.

Notice Make sure that you save the configuration to a file. This provides a backup in case the configuration information becomes lost or corrupted.

Recommended CSS Settings for Dual Base Stations

In a dual base station the second base station’s reciter and PA are isolated from the first base station’s reciter, PA, and PMU. Solid state relays and control logic on the subrack interconnect board isolate the two base station communication channels from each other. All other signals remain in parallel. The relays are controlled by a key press of the base station select buttons on the control panel.

Note that the fans have power supplied from the relevant PA or PMU module, with the rotation sensor alarm signal interfaced into the control panel. This signal is processed via the reciter associated with the PA or PMU.

50 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Notice The subrack interconnect board has a set of switches which must be set according to the type of base station in the subrack. Refer to

“Switch Settings” on page 112 for details of the switch settings.

The dual base station has a number of operational constraints. Many of these are because the second base station does not communicate with the PMU. This can cause base station 2 to raise false alarms when it does not detect a PMU or PMU fan rotation.

The constraints and recommended CSS settings are listed below.

Subrack ■ The front panel LEDs and switches are controlled by the currently

selected base station.

■ The second base station does not communicate with the PMU, but the

PMU does provide power to it.

CSS ■ As there is no PMU on base station 2, no PMU settings for this base

station will function. This includes the PMU battery voltage display, monitoring, diagnostics, and power management display. Also, the output power set in the Battery Power (W) column in the channel table will not take effect (refer to “Operation on Battery Back-up

Power” on page 52).

■ All PMU alarm LEDs on the Alarm screen of base station 2 will be grey.

■ If you read a configuration from base station 2 and then go to Configure

> Alarms > Element Thresholds, the PMU battery voltages will be at zero. If you want to click OK to confirm any changes to the screen, you need to re-enter the PMU voltages. If not, just click Cancel.

Recommended CSS Settings

■ In the Configure > Network Element > Miscellaneous form for base

station 2, the Power configuration areas will display voltages of zero. If you want to click OK to confirm any changes to the screen, you need to re-enter these voltages. If not, just click Cancel.

■ All fan faults will not be displayed or acted on if the failure occurs on the

base station that is not currently selected.

■ The display of fan states in Diagnostic forms may be incorrect.

The following CSS settings are recommended for dual base station operation:

■ Disable the “No PMU detected” alarm on base station 2 (Configure >

Alarms > Control). Also on this screen disable the “Fan failed” alarm for the PMU on base station 2.

■ On base station 2 disable any Task Manager statements that use the “No

PMU detected” or “Fan failed” alarm inputs (Configure > Task Manager > Task List).

■ We also recommend that you disable any Task Manager statements on

base station 1 that use the “Fan failed” alarm input. This will prevent false fan alarms if a dual base station is operated with base station 2 selected on the control panel.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 51 © Tait Limited March 2014

Notice We recommend that you select base station 1 on the control panel when you have finished monitoring or configuring a dual base station. This will prevent false fan failure alarms being raised for the PA and PMU.

12V PA Base Station The operation of a dual 12V PA base station is subject to the same

constraints as those described in “CSS” on page 51, except that those which refer to the PMU do not apply.

In addition, because there is no PMU fitted, we recommend the following CSS settings for 12V PA base station operation:

■ Disable the “No PMU detected” alarm on base stations 1 and 2.

Operation on Battery Back-up Power

Since base station 2 does not have a connection to the PMU, it does not know when the base station is running on battery power. After the changeover to battery power, base station 1 will transmit at the power level set in the Battery Power (W) column in the channel table, but base station 2 will continue to transmit at the Mains Power (W) power level.

A possible workaround is to use Task Manager to enable a digital output on base station 1 which is connected to a digital input on base station 2. Configure a second channel in base station 2 with the transmitter power output set to the required level for operation on battery power. When the digital input is activated, base station 2 will change to the channel with the lower power setting.

Changing the Root Password

The root password to the Linux operating system of the network board is a possible security risk. The equipment is delivered with a default password that is well known. Knowledge of the password could be used to render the equipment inoperable, for example by deleting files. If you are concerned about the security risk that this poses, change the password. The password does not give access to encryption keys, as logging in as a root user causes these keys to be zeroized. If Tait provides support services, it may need to know the password.

Notice If you change the password and then lose it, the equipment must be returned to Tait. Make sure that you store the password securely and do not lose it. Password access is required for TFTP firmware upgrades.

To change the root password, follow these steps.

1. Log in from your PC to the base station or gateway using SSH client software such as PuTTY. The user name is ‘root’ and the default password is ‘k1w1.’

2. At the # prompt, enter the command ‘passwd.’

52 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

3. Follow the on-screen instructions.

4. Record the password in a secure location.

Short Tuning Procedure

This section is for base stations only, and does not apply to gateways.

Before the base station is installed on site, you may need to adjust the switching range of the reciter and/or tune the receiver front end. The following instructions do not use a CTU; if you have one, you may prefer to follow the instructions in the Calibration Software Help or manual.

Before You Begin 1. Using the CSS, determine the base station’s current switching range

(Diagnose > RF Interface > Synthesizers).

2. Define a channel with the desired frequency pair and use Task

Manager to select it.

3. Program the base station with this configuration.

Setup 1. Remove the reciter from the subrack.

2. Reconnect power to the reciter.

Adjusting Switching Ranges

Adjusting the switching ranges is only needed if the desired operating frequencies lie outside the current switching ranges. Follow these steps.

1. Connect your PC to the serial port on the rear of the reciter.

2. Run the Calibration Software and establish a software connection to

the reciter, as follows. a. Click Connect to start the connection process. b. When you see the “Waiting for logon prompt from Reciter”

screen, power up the reciter. If it is already on, turn it off, and then on.

c. When the program has successfully connected to the reciter, the

Calibration Wizards are displayed in the main window.

Setting the Receiver Switching Range

1. In the Calibration Software, select the Frequency Setup tab and dou-

ble-click Set Receiver VCO.

2. Enter the Center Frequency (which must be a multiple of 500kHz)

of the lock band that you want to use, and click Next.

3. Insert the Murata tuning tool into the correct receiver VCO tuning

hole for the reciter type (see below) and then click Next.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 53 © Tait Limited March 2014

4. Adjust the receiver VCO trimmer until the actual band matches the desired band. The bands turn green.

5. Click Finish. This stores the lock band in the reciter.

Receiver VCO tuning hole for B band (136-174 MHz) and C band (174 - 225 MHz)

Setting the Exciter VCO

Receiver VCO tuning hole for H band (380 - 520 MHz) and K band (792 - 824 MHz) L band (852 - 930 MHz)

1. Select the Frequency Setup tab, and double-click Set Exciter VCO. The Set Exciter VCO Wizard appears.

2. Enter the center frequency (which must be a multiple of 500kHz) of the lock band that you want to use, and click Next.

3. Insert the Murata tuning tool into the correct exciter VCO tuning hole (see below) and adjust the trimmer until the actual band matches the desired band. The bands turn green. Click Finish.

K-band and L-band exciters do not need their VCO to be set. They have two VCOs and you simply choose which one to display on the CSS.

Tuning the Receiver Front End

4. Disconnect the Calibration Software, to return the base station to normal operation.

The following procedure is suitable if the base station will operate on a single frequency. If it will operate on different frequencies across the switching range, follow the instructions in the Calibration Software Help or manual instead.

You do not need to tune the receiver front end in an L-band reciter.

You can tune the receiver front end by measuring either SINAD or RSSI, and both these methods are described below. We suggest you tune via RSSI first, and then use the SINAD method for subsequent repetitions to refine the response.

1. Using a test set, feed a signal at the receive frequency into the reciter’s RF input. The signal should have a level that gives around 12 dB SINAD (start at around -80dBm and adjust as needed).

54 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

If you don’t have a test set, use a signal generator, and monitor the RSSI voltage on the rear D-range (pin 9: the output must be configured to provide the RSSI).

2. Fully unmute the front panel speaker (two presses of the speaker

button).

3. Connect a SINAD meter (audio frequency input on the test set) to

the analog line output.

4. If the receiver is UHF, adjust the front-end helical filters.

a. Insert the Johanson tuning tool into the first hole of the first

(horizontal) set. You can start with the hole on the left side and proceed along to the hole on the right, or vice versa. On K-band reciters, the third hole tends to tune with the slug well out of the filter body. Be careful not to unscrew the slug completely.

b. Tune each of the resonators in the first set once to give the best

signal (by ear using the speaker audio and/or by the SINAD meter), reducing the RF input as required to give about a 12dB SINAD. If RSSI is used, tune for maximum RSSI.

c. Insert the Johanson tuning tool into the first hole of the second

(vertical) set. You can start with the top hole and proceed down to the bottom hole, or vice versa. (For digital board hardware version 00.04 or earlier H-band reciters, use the Murata tuning tool on this set instead.)

d. Tune each of the resonators in the second set once to give the best

response, reducing the RF level as above.

e. Repeat this procedure as necessary to refine the response.

Helical filters:

Second set

First set

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 55 © Tait Limited March 2014

5. If the receiver is VHF, adjust the four front-end trimmers. You can do

this in any order.

Trimmer holes for receiver front-end tuning (B band 136 - 174 MHz and C band 174 - 225 MHz)

6. While the equipment is still set up, you can check the accuracy of the internal RSSI measurement using the CSS, if desired.

Calibrating the RSSI Tait advise that the RSSI may need recalibrating if the front end tuning was

adjusted. Re-calibrate if the RSSI needs to be accurate to within 1dB, following the instructions in the Calibration Software Help or manual.

Checking the Modulation Fidelity

This section is for base stations only, and does not apply to gateways.

Before installation, you may want to carry out a modulation fidelity test. If a P25-capable test set is not available, you can use an FM test set to measure the analog FM deviation instead. Test using the frequency that the base station will transmit on, because changing operating frequency slightly alters the modulation fidelity. If the base station is set up to operate on several channels, test each one.

To carry out a modulation fidelity test using an IFR2975 test set

1. Run the CSS and connect the CSS PC to the base station.

2. Using an RF cable, connect the PA RF output to the T/R input of the test set.

3. On the test set, set up a modulation fidelity test, as follows. a. Select the test ‘Receiver (Tx test).’ b. Click the Options menu button, and make sure that the modula-

tion meter is selected for display.

c. Enter the frequency of the transmitter and make sure that the

transmit power setting is low enough not to overload the test set. d. Change the input path to ‘T/R’ and demodulation to ‘P25.’ e. Expand the Modulation fidelity display.

56 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

4. Using the CSS, instruct the base station to send the P25

Conformance 1011Hz test pattern, as follows. a. Put the base station in Standby mode. b. Select Diagnose > RF Interface > Transmission Tests. c. Check that the displayed transmitter frequency is the same as the

frequency entered into the IFR2975 and that the transmit power

is low enough not to overload the test set. d. Under Carrier, click Start Test. e. Under C4FM, select the test pattern P25_Conformance1011Hz.

(Do not use the C4FM_ModulationFidelity pattern; it is designed

for use with a spectrum analyser.) f. Click Start Test.

5. Check the display in the test set. If the modulation fidelity is > 3.5%, the symbol deviation is outside the range 1620–1980Hz, or the symbol frequency error is >±0.5ppm, the base station has failed the test. Use the Calibration Software to carry out an FCL and a VCO calibration. If the base station still fails the test, return it to a Tait service center.

To test the analog FM transmission using an Agilent 8920 test set

1. Run the CSS and connect the CSS PC to the base station.

2. Using an RF cable, connect the PA RF output to the test set.

3. On the test set, select Tx test. Select the low pass filter ‘<20Hz’ and the high pass filter ‘15kHz.’

4. Using the CSS, instruct the base station to transmit analog FM at a defined deviation using two different test tones, as follows.

a. Put the base station in Standby mode. b. Select Diagnose > RF Interface > Transmission Tests. c. Check that the displayed transmitter frequency is the one you

want and that the transmit power setting is low enough not to

overload the test set. d. Under Carrier, click Start Test. e. Under FM, set the deviation to 2.5kHz and the modulation level

to 100%. f. Set the modulation frequency to 1kHz, and then click Start Test. g. Measure the deviation with the test set. h. Change the modulation frequency to 30Hz, and measure the

deviation again. In both cases, the deviation should be ±150Hz or

6% of 2.5kHz.

If the base station passes this test, its modulation fidelity in digital P25 mode is very likely to be within specification. If it fails the test, use the Calibration Software to carry out an FCL and a VCO calibration. If it still fails the test, return it to a Tait service center.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 57 © Tait Limited March 2014

Other Operational Tests

The CTU can assist you to carry out the following additional tasks to exercise the base station on the bench.

Task Instructions

Listen to the analog line output Turn the switch to 'BALANCED' and adjust the speaker volume.

Monitor the analog line output Connect test equipment to the LINE OUTPUT.

Provide test inputs on the analog line Connect test equipment to the LINE INPUT.

Key the transmitter via the E-line Turn the TX KEY switch to ON. Alternatively, connect a cable to the

TX KEY and GND banana sockets and short the cable. (The E-line must be configured to key the transmitter using the CSS).

Check the status of the M-line View the RX GATE LED. When it is lit, the M-line is low (active).

Monitor the digital output Connect test equipment to the RSSI.

Turn digital inputs on and off Switch the DIGITAL INPUTS* 1-4 between OFF and ON. If you have

set up Task Manager actions with the digital input value as the input, you can check that the base station responds as expected.

Note: The digital inputs 0-3 are numbered 1-4 on the CTU, and for the base station digital input 4, short the TX RELAY to GND.

Test receiver operation in analog mode Connect NOISE to the reciter's RF input. Turn the NOISE switch to

ON. Alternatively, connect RF test equipment and use it.

58 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

3.5 Installing the Base Station on Site

Base Stations for Trunked Systems

When installing base stations that are part of a trunked system, it is very important to observe good site engineering rules. This is especially true when the channels are combined into a single antenna, particularly if the receivers and transmitters also share the antenna, as in a duplexed system.

If at all possible, the RF planner should avoid frequency plans in which the Rx to Tx spacing is an exact multiple of the trunked channel spacing, thus forcing Tx intermodulation products to fall outside the Rx channels.

Cables and antennas should be of high quality construction. Solid shield heliax type cables are best, but if braided shield cables must be used for short distances, their braids must be silver-plated. Isolators should be used at all transmitter outputs.

When the outputs of more than one transmitter are combined, their voltages add, and the resulting peak envelope power is not simply the sum of their powers, but is equal to the power of one of them multiplied by the square of the number of sources. Cables, components, and hardware must be rated to withstand the peak envelope power.

During the commissioning process, all transmitters should be activated together using a diagnostic test tone, while the receiver RSSI is monitored. There should be no perceptible increase in RSSI while the transmitters are active.

Equipment Required

It is beyond the scope of this manual to list every piece of equipment that an installation technician should carry. However, the following tools are specifically required for installing the base station:

■ Pozidriv PZ3 screwdriver for the M6 screws used in the DC input

■ Pozidriv PZ2 screwdriver for the M4 screws used to secure the module

■ 0.25in or 6mm flat blade screwdriver for the fasteners used to secure the

■ 8mm AF spanner for the SMA connectors, and the subrack ground

You can also obtain the TBA0ST2 tool kit from your nearest regional Tait office. It contains the basic tools needed to install, tune, and service the base station.

terminals on the PMU; M6 (0.25in) screws are also used to secure the subrack to the cabinet in factory-assembled systems

retaining clamps

front panel to the subrack

connector.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 59 © Tait Limited March 2014

Mounting the Subrack

Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to 62lb

(28kg), or up to 66lb (30kg) complete with packaging. We recommend that you have another person help you unpack and move the subrack. The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to move the subrack once it has been unpacked. If necessary, remove the modules from the subrack before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 95). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.

Figure 3.4 Subrack mounting points

front view

rear view

main mounting holes - front

1. Remove the front panel, as described in “Preliminary Disassembly”

on page 96.

2. Fit the subrack into the cabinet or rack and secure it firmly with an M6 (0.25in) screw, flat and spring washer in each of the four main mounting holes

b, as shown in Figure 3.4.

auxiliary mounting holes - rear

If you need extra mounting security, additional mounting holes provided at the rear of the subrack for auxiliary support brackets.

60 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

c are

Figure 3.5 below gives the dimensions of the subrack and its mounting

holes.

Figure 3.5 Subrack dimensions

14.8 in

(375.5 mm)

17 in (432 mm)

6.96 in

(176.8 mm)

4 in

(101.6 mm)

19 in (482.6 mm)

18.3 in (465.1 mm)

0.42 in (10.6 mm)

0.26 in

(6.6 mm)

14.7 in (373.5 mm)

14.37 in (365 mm)

5.25 in

(133.4 mm)

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 61 © Tait Limited March 2014

Auxiliary Support Bracket

TBAA03-13 auxiliary support brackets can be fitted to the rear of the subrack to provide additional mounting security. Figure 3.6 shows a standard TBAA03-13 bracket the Tait cabinet, you may have to make your own brackets to suit your installation.

Figure 3.6 Auxiliary support bracket

b fitted in a typical Tait cabinet c. If you are not using

Notice You must fit the auxiliary support brackets if you intend to transport a cabinet fitted with a fully built-up base station.

We also recommend that you fit the brackets under the following conditions:

■ when the installation is in an area prone to earthquakes

■ when third party equipment is installed hard up underneath the base

station subrack.

General Cabling We recommend that you try to route all cables to and from the base station

along the side of the cabinet so the cooling airflow is not restricted.

62 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

DC Power Cabling

DC power cables should be well supported so that the terminals on the PMU and on the ends of the cables do not have to support the full weight of the cables.

Figure 3.7 shows two recommended methods of securing these cables to

prevent straining either set of terminals.

We recommend that you fit the supplied covers to the DC terminals to protect against accidental shorts.

Figure 3.7 DC power cabling

secure the cables to the cabinet to support their weight

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3.6 Connecting Up the Base Station

This section provides information relevant to the task of connecting up the various inputs and outputs of the base station.

Connection Overview

The connections at the rear of a single-channel base station with 5W or 50W PA are identified in Figure 3.8. External connections are all located at the rear of the subrack.

Figure 3.8 5W or 50 W base station inputs and outputs

b analog line connector h auxiliary 12VDC output c 1PPS input i AC mains input d external reference frequency input j RF input e RF output 1) Ethernet interface connector f -VDC input 1! subrack ground connector g +VDC input 1@ serial RS-232 connector

reciter

PMU

a. Later subracks have an M5 nut on the ground connector.

64 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

The connections at the rear of a 12V DC PA-only base station with a 5W or 50W PA are identified in Figure 3.9.

Figure 3.9 5W or 50 W 12 V DC PA-only base station inputs and outputs

reciter

b analog line connector g RF input c 1PPS input h Ethernet interface connector d external reference frequency input i subrack ground connector e +12VDC input j serial RS-232 connector f RF output

Connecting AC Power

The PMU is designed to accept a mains input of 88 to 264VAC at 45 to 65Hz. A standard 3-wire grounded socket outlet must be used to supply the AC power. The socket outlet must be installed near the equipment and must be easily accessible. This outlet should be connected to an AC power supply capable of providing at least 600 W. The requirements of two typical AC supplies are given in the following table.

Circuit Breaker/Fuse

Nominal Supply Current Requirement

115VAC 8A 10A

230VAC 4A 6A

a. The actual current consumption of the base station will be lower than these require-

ments (refer to the Specifications Manual for more information).

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 65 © Tait Limited March 2014

Rating

Your base station should come supplied with a power supply cord to connect the male IEC connector on the PMU to the local AC supply. The pins of the IEC connector on the PMU are identified at right.

Connecting DC Power

The way you connect DC power varies, depending on the type of base station.

phase

ground

neutral

rear view

Base Station with PMU

The PMU is designed to accept a nominal 12VDC, 24VDC or 48VDC input (depending on the model) with negative or positive ground. There is a minimum DC startup threshold to prevent damaging a battery which has little capacity left.

You must connect the DC supply from the battery to the PMU via a fuse or DC-rated circuit breaker with a contact separation of 3mm, and with the appropriate rating, as shown in the table below. The DC input leads should be of a suitable gauge to ensure less than 0.2V drop at maximum load over the required length of lead.

Nominal Supply Voltag e

12VDC 10VDC to 16.8VDC 60A 2AWG / 35mm

24VDC 20VDC to 33.6VDC 30A 5AWG / 16mm

48VDC 40VDC to 60VDC 15A 8AWG / 8mm

a. The actual current consumption of the base station will be lower than these require-

ments (refer to the Specifications Manual for more information).

b. For a length of 5ft to 6.5 ft (1.5 m to 2 m) (typical).

Input Voltage Range

Circuit Breaker/ Fuse Rating

Recommended Wire Gauge

Terminate and insulate the DC input leads to protect them from accidentally shorting to the subrack if the PMU is removed before the leads are disconnected. Protective covers for the DC terminals are supplied with each PMU.

66 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 3.10 Recommended DC power connection

12V DC PA-only Base Station

Circuit Breaker or Fuse

Battery

PMU

We recommend a screw torque of 18– 20lbf·in (2 –2.25N·m).

12V DC PA-only base stations have a 12V PA. This is designed to accept a nominal 12V DC input with negative ground. There is a minimum DC startup threshold to prevent damaging a battery which has little capacity left.

You must connect the DC supply from the battery to the PA via a fuse or DC-rated circuit breaker with a contact separation of 3 mm, and with the appropriate rating, as shown in the table below. The DC input leads should be of a suitable gauge to ensure less than 0.2V drop at maximum load over the required length of lead.

Nominal Supply Voltage

Input Voltage Range

Circuit Breaker/ Fuse Rating

Recommended Wire Gauge

Base Station with no PMU or 12V PA

12VDC 10 VDC to 16.8 VDC 15 A to 18 A 8AWG / 8mm

a. The actual current consumption of the base station will be lower than these require-

ments (refer to the Specifications Manual for more information).

b. For a length of 5ft to 6.5 ft (1.5 m to 2 m) (typical).

We recommend a screw torque of 4.5lbf·in (0.5N ·m).

Base stations with no 12V PA or PMU are designed to accept a DC input of 10.8VDC to 32VDC with negative ground. The DC input terminal block is mounted on the rear of the subrack.

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual Installation 67 © Tait Limited March 2014

Figure 3.11 DC power supply connection

Refer to Figure 3.10 for recommended DC power connection

subrack DC input terminal block

Connecting the Auxiliary DC Power Output

The PMU can provide an auxiliary DC output from the auxiliary power supply board. This board is available with an output of 13.65VDC,

27.3VDC, or 54.6VDC (depending on the model), and is current limited

to 3A, 1.5A or 750mA respectively. This power supply is available on the auxiliary output connector on the rear panel.

The auxiliary power supply is configured by the CSS. Refer to the CSS Help or manual for more details.

You can connect multiple auxiliary power supply boards in parallel for redundancy purposes, or to provide an output greater than 40W. Although no active current sharing is used, auxiliary boards connected in parallel will current-share before reaching their power limit. The failure (or switching off) of one auxiliary board will not load any other paralleled auxiliary boards in the circuit.

Auxiliary DC Power Output Cabling

Network elements are supplied with a connector, as shown in Figure 3.12. You can use this to connect the PMU’s auxiliary DC power output to another device.

Contact your nearest regional Tait office for details on the full range of wiring kits available.

68 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Connecting RF

Figure 3.12 Auxiliary DC power connector

Phoenix MVSTBR2.5HC/2-ST/5.08 female

Notice Do not remove the load from the PA while it is transmitting.

The RF input to the base station is via the lower BNC/TNC connector on the rear panel of the reciter. The RF output is via the N-type connector on the rear panel of the PA (refer to Figure 3.8 on page 64).

We recommend that you use dual-screened coaxial cable such as RG223 for the BNC/TNC connections, and RG214 for the N-type connections.

Protecting the PA While the PA is protected against damage if it is keyed while connected to

a mismatched load, it is not protected against load transients (switching or removing the load) while transmitting or atmospheric disturbances (for example, electrical storms). We recommend the following installation procedures, which should protect the PA from damage under all but the most extreme operating conditions.

1. Do not connect the PA directly to the antenna. Fit an isolator or cav-

ity filter (for example, a duplexer) between the PA and the load. Fit the isolator as close as possible to the RF output connector on the PA. Do not connect any switching equipment between the isolator and the PA, unless the switch cannot operate while there is RF pres- ent (i.e. the base station is transmitting).

2. Fit a surge suppressor to the antenna cabling where it enters the

building.

3. Inspect all cables and equipment connected to the base station for

defects.

Ice on the antenna, or a broken antenna, is unlikely to cause damage to the PA.

Explanation Most base station manufacturers have adopted 28V LDMOS technology to

benefit from its superb wide-band performance and high efficiency. Accordingly, the 50 W and 100W PAs use an LDMOS FET as the final power device. The circuit design of these PAs protects the FET from high VSWR. This makes it difficult to damage the device by keying the PA into a mismatched load, or if the load deteriorates over even a short period of time (milliseconds).

However, it is possible to damage the device if all the following conditions happen at the same time:

■ there is a step change in the PA load (for example, the load is removed)

■ the PA is transmitting

■ the feed line loss between the PA and the mismatch is <1dB.

The effect of such conditions is variable: some devices will not be destroyed, and some may fail after repeated load interruptions.

Connecting an External Frequency Reference

For K4 Band, the internal frequency reference accuracy is inadequate, and an external reference must be used. An external reference is also required for simulcast. The external reference frequency can be 10MHz or

12.8MHz, with an input level of 300mV

reference should be better than 50 parts per billion (for non-simulcast) or ≤1 part per billion (for simulcast).

to 5Vpp. The stability of this

If an external reference is required, use the CSS to program the base station for 10MHz or 12.8MHz (“Configure > Network Element > Miscellaneous”), and to enable the external reference “Absent” and “Invalid” alarms (“Configure > Alarms > Control”).

Use a 50Ω coaxial cable (RG58 or RG223) to connect the external reference to the base station’s external reference frequency input. You can daisy-chain up to eight base stations using T-junctions. The maximum overall cable length is 30m. Terminate the last connection with a 50 Ω load.

70 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 3.13 Daisy-chaining an external frequency reference input

maximum overall cable length is 30m

maximum of eight base station loads on one frequency reference output

Connecting a 1PPS Source

A 1PPS signal is required for simulcast base stations. Use a 50Ω coaxial cable (RG58 or RG223) to connect the source to the base station’s 1 PPS input. You can daisy-chain up to six base stations using T-junctions. We recommend that the cable length between the first and last load is kept to a minimum. This will reduce any propagation variation between base stations. The maximum overall cable length is 30m. Terminate the last connection with a 50Ω resistor, otherwise reflections of the 1PPS pulse may occur.

50Ω termination

Figure 3.14 Daisy-chaining a 1PPS input

The longest length of cable must be between the source and the first base station

use short lengths of cable between each base station

maximum of six base station loads on one 1PPS output

50 Ω termination

Connecting an Antenna Relay

You can connect a base station that will operate in Simplex mode to an coaxial antenna relay. This makes it possible to receive and transmit using the same antenna. A pin in the 9-way D-range needs to be configured as the relay driver.

Notice The the isolation of this relay must be > 40dB. The relay closing time must be <20ms.

Tait offers an Antenna Relay Kit which comes complete with installation instructions (402-00041-01).

Connecting the Ethernet Line

The RJ-45 socket labeled ETH provides the 10BASE-T or 100BASE-T Ethernet connection to the other devices in the network. Use Cat-5 cable to connect the ETH RJ-45 socket to the Tait P25 Network via a hub, router, or switch.

If necessary, refer to “Digital Interface Connection” on page 139 for a list of Ethernet connection pin allocations.

72 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Connecting the Analog Line

The RJ-45 socket labeled AUD can provide a direct audio connection to a local or remote dispatcher. It also provides a basic E&M signaling interface. Refer to “Analog Interface Connection” on page 139 for a list of the analog connection pin allocations.

Notice The analog RJ-45 socket is keyed to ensure that the correct cable (one with a keyed plug) is connected. If the analog cable were to be connected to the digital RJ-45 socket, the potentially high voltages on the E&M lines would damage the Ethernet interface.

Refer to the CSS Help or manual for information on setting the analog line level.

Ordering a US Telco Line

Local Connection to the Console System

When ordering a Telco line in the US, specify the following:

■ USOC:RJ1CX. (If connecting to a wall jack socket, you must connect

the analog line using a Tait cable with an RJ1CX adapter.)

■ Facility Interface Code 04N02 (for a 4-wire line), or TL31E (for a

4-wire E&M line)

■ Service Order Code:7.0Y.

Refer to “Circuit Protection” on page 76 for information on protecting the analog line.

When the analog line is locally connected to a console system, you can use E&M keying. The E&M input provides the capability to request the base station to key the RF transmitter. The E&M output may be used to indicate that audio is present on the receiver output.

The E&M circuits are implemented as solid state relay equivalents. The E&M connections are voltage free and require an external power supply if they are used.

The E&M input is used by the base station or gateway as an input to the voting process.

base station/gateway

base station/gateway console system

Tx Key relay

From RF Rx

To RF Tx

Rx gate contact

internal current limiting circuitry

<35 internal

resistance

input for PTT (±10-50V)

line out (-20 to +10dBm)

line in (-20 to +10dBm)

Rx Gate output (<35 resistance

when gate active)

current-limiting

resistor

(if required)

PTT relay

±10-50V

Rx call

relay

When the console system wishes to turn on the transmitter, it closes the Press to Talk (PTT) Relay. The corresponding Tx Key Relay in the base station or gateway closes and transmission commences. Transformer isolated audio is modulated onto the transmitter carrier. When the PTT relay is released, the transmission will cease. (Note: The base station or gateway uses solid state relay equivalents). When the receiver detects a call, the Rx Call relay closes, indicating to the console system that receive audio is available on the console system’s transformer-coupled input.

The Tx Key input to the base station or gateway is current-limited internally and does not require a current-limiting resistor in series. However, the Rx Gate output has no current-limiting circuitry, so a series resistor may be required to limit the current to less than ±120 mA to prevent damage. The value of this resistor is dependent on the battery voltage (normally between 10V and 50V), the internal resistance of the Rx call contact, and any resistance of the Rx call relay.

This current limiting resistance may be integral to the external equipment. Refer to the manufacturer’s documentation for details.

74 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Remote Connection to the Console System

base station/gateway

TB9100/P25 CG

analog line connection

From RF Rx

To RF Tx

When the console system is located at a distance from the base station or gateway it may be inconvenient to use E&M signaling for the Tx Key and Rx Call functions. In this case a 4-wire audio-only connection may be used; the E&M connections are replaced by tone signaling.

Console system

The console system indicates Tx Key to the base station or gateway by using a low level tone: typically 2175 Hz at 20 dB below the speech level. The console system indicates Rx Call to the operators using a voice operated switch.

MUX Connection to the Console System

base station/gateway

TB9100/P25 CG

analog line connection

Tx key relay

From RF Rx

To RF Tx

Rx gate

contact

If the remote connection uses MUXes, the E&M signaling lines can be used to control the operation of the MUXes.

MUX MUX

±10-50V

current-

limiting

resistor

4WR

4WS

±10-50V

4WS

4WR

Console system

PTT relay

Audio to

dispatcher

Audio from

dispatcher

±10-50V

Rx call relay

Cross-Mode Connection

Analog line connections of

running in digital P25 mode

Tx key relay

From RF Rx

The analog line of a TB9100 base station can be connected to an analog FM base station to form a cross-mode repeater. The following circuit shows how this can be done using two TB9100 base stations. Vary this as needed to reflect the pinouts of the third-party base station.

TB9100 base station

To RF Tx

Rx gate

contact

+ 12 V

0 V

Analog line connections of

TB9100 base station

running in analog FM mode

Tx key relay

From RF Rx

To RF Tx

Rx gate

contact

The 12 V supply can be provided by the auxiliary power output of the PMU.

Circuit Protection It is extremely important that the analog line is adequately protected against

lightning strike and other adverse events. In this respect, it is incumbent on the installer to comply with the standards organization or regulatory body of the country of installation. While it is outside the scope of this manual to provide comprehensive information on this subject, the following advice is offered. It may or may not be compliant.

E&M Circuit

The external circuit resistance in both the E&M input and the E&M output must be such that the maximum DC current flow does not exceed 120mA under any conditions. Failure to observe this limit might mean that the protection devices on these leads do not unlatch after a transient event. Connecting the E&M input or E&M output to a power supply capable of supplying more than 1A may cause severe damage, due to overheating of EMC filter components in these circuits, should the protection devices trigger.

76 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Where the E&M output circuit is used to switch power to an inductive device, such as a relay, that device must have efficient suppression to absorb the inductive spike that occurs when the current is switched off. If the peak spike voltage exceeds latch on. Where the relay is powered from 48V or more, only a silicon diode in parallel with the relay coil will provide a sufficiently tight clamping voltage. For lower switched voltages a Zener diode or MOV may be used provided its worst case clamping voltage does not exceed 58 V. RC transient suppression circuits should be used with caution: these require careful design to meet the suppression objectives.

4-Wire Audio Line Interface

If DC is applied to the 4-wire audio lines, the nominal voltage should not exceed 48V. Under no circumstances should the peak voltage exceed 58V otherwise the protection devices may be triggered.

As for the E&M leads, any DC applied to the 4-wire lines should be cur rent limited to no more than 120 mA, so as to allow the protection devices to unlatch after a transient event.

± 58V the circuit protection devices might trigger and

The on-board protection devices are to be regarded as ‘secondary protection’ only. Generally they are only suitable for relatively benign environments such as internal building wiring or short run underground wiring. If more severe conditions are expected it is advisable to fit external primary protection devices.

Where there is a possibility of ‘power-cross’ conditions occurring, externally fitted fuses or PTC resistors are required to prevent any long-duration high currents burning out components on the audio line interface. Such currentlimiting protection is mandatory for telco administrations requiring compliance to BellCore standard GR1089 or the power cross tests of UL60950 or ITU K.21.

External Fuses or PTC resistors are also required if the equipment is required to be compliant with the current-limiting conditions specified for protecting external telco and customer premise wiring as per GR1089 and UL60950.

Tait have used the Krone Comprotect 2/1-CP BOD190A1 product, part number 5909 1 078-40.

Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs

The base station has a number of configurable general purpose inputs and outputs. These are connected via the 9-way D-range. Pin 1 and Pin 9 can have different functions: select the function you want using the CSS. Digital inputs and outputs require Task Manager programming before they are operational. Refer to the CSS Help or manual for further information.

The D-range is used for general purpose inputs and outputs and also as an RS-232 serial port, for example during tuning and calibration. Each pin has only one function, so using the D-range as a serial port does not interfere with the digital inputs and outputs.

The pin allocations for the D-range connector are given in the following table.

Pin Description

1 digital output 1/

digital input 4/

front view

a. Pin 9 can function as digital output 0 or as an RSSI output (selected using the CSS). If

it provides an RSSI output, the range of received signal is configurable between 130dBm and -60dBm. The DC output characteristic lies between the fixed points of

0.5V and 4.5 V.

antenna relay

2 transmit data output

3 receive data input

4 digital input 0

5ground

6 digital input 1

7 digital input 2

8 digital input 3

9 digital output 0/

RSSI

78 Installation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

4 Operation

This section describes the control panel and shows how to operate its microphone and speaker. It also indicates how to check that the fans are operational and how to interpret indicator LEDs on modules.

4.1 Control Panel

The operating buttons and indicator LEDs on the control panel are shown in Figure 4.1. They allow some manual control over the base station and monitoring of its operational status. The microphone and speaker allow the maintainer to:

■ monitor voice traffic

■ communicate with the dispatcher and with SU users

Only the power and alarm LEDs are used in a gateway.

Figure 4.1 Operating controls on the control panel

b channel button and LEDs g alarm LED c speaker button and LED h microphone button and LED d receive LED i power LED e speaker j speaker volume f carrier button and transmit LED

Channel Button and LEDs

The channel button selects which reciter is connected to the control panel. Repeatedly pressing this button cycles through positions 1 to 7 in the subrack, regardless of whether the position is occupied. The selection defaults to position 1 on power-up.

Notice We recommend that you select reciter 1 on the control panel when you have finished monitoring or configuring a module. This will prevent false fan failure alarms being raised for the PA and PMU, and will also allow the remote fan diagnostic test to work.

The channel LEDs have the following states (default settings):

red indicates which is the currently selected reciter

green indicates that the reciter is receiving a valid signal

orange indicates that the selected reciter is currently receiving a valid

signal

These LEDs can display alarm status instead of the state of the Rx gate. For more information, see “Control Panel” on page 132.

Speaker Button and LED

The speaker button selects the type of speaker output for the currently selected reciter. The green speaker LED indicates the type of speaker output. Refer to “Speaker Operation” on page 82.

Speaker Volume Button

Controls the volume of the speaker mounted behind the control panel. Rotate clockwise to increase the volume, and anticlockwise to decrease the volume.

Speaker The control panel is fitted with a 0.5W speaker. Audio from the base station

can be connected to this speaker.

Receive LED The green receive LED indicates whether the base station is receiving a valid

RF signal.

LED Description

On (steady) The base station is receiving a valid signal that has won the vote.

Flashing The base station is receiving a valid signal that has lost the vote.

Off The base station is not receiving a valid RF signals.

If the base station is part of a channel group with central voting, the channel group members must be configured with unique receiver numbers for the LED to correctly indicate whether the base station won the vote.

80 Operation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Power LED

The green power LED is lit when the PMU is turned on and supplying power to the subrack.

Carrier Button and Transmit LED

The carrier button is a momentary press switch. When held down, it keys the transmitter of the selected channel. The transmitted signal is unmodulated, i.e. carrier only.

The red transmit LED is lit while the transmitter is transmitting.

Alarm LED The red alarm LED will flash at a rate of 2 to 5Hz when an alarm has been

generated by any of the base station modules. It will continue to flash until the alarm is canceled, the fault is fixed, or the base station is in Standby mode. Note that only those alarms which are enabled using the CSS will cause this LED to flash.

The alarm LED also indicates when the base station is in Standby mode, as described in the following table:

LED Description

Microphone Button and LED

On (steady) The base station is in Standby mode (regardless of the presence of

any fault).

Flash The base station is in Run mode, and one or more faults are

present.

Off The base station is in Run mode, and no faults are present.

The microphone button selects the speech mode for the microphone transmission. The associated microphone LED indicates the type of speech mode. Refer to “Microphone Operation” on page 82 for more information.

Speaker Operation

The speaker can monitor the switch output or the RF signal received by the base station. Listening to the switch output lets you have a conversation with the dispatcher or with SU users at other base stations in the channel group. The speaker output is controlled using the speaker button.

To set the speaker output:

1. Use the CH button to select the channel you want

power on

speaker off

press

to listen to.

2. Press the speaker button once to turn the speaker on and play the switch output (the signal with the highest

speaker on, receiver signal

press

speaker on, switch output

priority).

The green speaker LED flashes. The speaker produces audible speech from digital P25 or analog FM signals.

3. Press the speaker button a second time to play the receiver input. The green speaker LED is lit.

4. Press the speaker button a third time to turn the speaker off.

Under particular receiver settings, the speaker only monitors the receiver audio, and not the switch output. If you need to talk to people at other base stations, use an SU, or configure the base station for another mode of operation (such as P25).

Gating and squelch mechanisms are carried out as normal on the switch output.

When the receiver input is monitored, the speaker audio is ungated but the base station still carries out gating and squelch mechanisms on the receiver input to the switch.

To maintain security, the speaker never decrypts encrypted calls. If a call is encrypted, the speaker produces squalks and squeaks. However, if the console gateway has an encryption license, the speaker remains silent.

Microphone Operation

The control panel microphone allows the maintainer to talk to the dispatcher and to SU users on the network. This can be done in digital P25 or analog FM mode. This section describes how to set the speech mode for the call. For detailed information about making a control panel call, refer to

“Making Test Transmissions” on page 48.

82 Operation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

To set the mode for the control panel microphone:

1. Use the CH button to select the channel you want to use.

2. Press the microphone button once to set the mode to analog FM. The

green microphone LED is lit.

3. Press the microphone button a second time to set the mode to

digital P25. The green microphone LED flashes.

When the mode is digital P25, microphone calls use the NAC (network access code) in the current signaling profile. The call destination is to all units in the channel group.

When the mode is analog FM, calls use the sub-audible signaling in the current signaling profile.

Control panel calls can be made when the base station is in either Standby or Run mode.

Transmissions from the microphone override any other calls. Before using the microphone, make sure that the channel is clear. Otherwise, any calls in progress on that channel, including emergency calls, will be terminated.

4.2 Monitoring with the CSS

You can monitor the performance of your base station remotely with the CSS. Use the monitoring forms to view information about the current state of the base station. These forms provide details about the PMU, PA and reciter modules. They also display operational information, such as whether the base station is currently operating in digital P25 or analog FM mode, the status of the network link, and the status of voting.

4.3 Monitoring Front Panel Fan Operation

When you turn the base station on, the PA and PMU fans should turn on and then off. Check that this happens, to make sure that the fans are working.

In an operational base station, you can test that the PA and PMU fans are working by requesting the base station to turn them on. This is done using CSS diagnostic forms and is recommended after fixing a fault or replacing a fan. When you fit a fan, use this test to check that the fan is correctly connected to the appropriate PA or PMU. The CSS will toggle the fan on for a set number of seconds, then the test will end and control of the fan will revert back to the base station.

4.4 Module LED Indicators and Switches

Additional status information is displayed by LEDs in individual modules. The PMU has switches that let you turn the AC and DC modules off.

Reciter

The reciter indicator LEDs are located on the front and on the rear.

Front View The indicator LEDs on the front are visible through a slot in the front panel.

Figure 4.2 Indicator LEDs on the front of the reciter

indicator LEDs

hex switch

These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the reciter:

■ steady green - the reciter is powered up

■ flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the

CSS to find out more details about the alarms.

The alarm LED will flash whenever an alarm is generated, whether or not this alarm has been disabled in the CSS.

The rotary hex switch mounted on the front panel is not used and has no effect on the operation of the reciter.

84 Operation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Rear View

The indicator LEDs on the rear are visible through small holes in the rear panel.

Figure 4.3 Indicator LEDs on the rear of the reciter

network transmit LED

network board PowerPC LED

Network Transmit LED

Network Activity LED

Network Board PowerPC LED

Network Board DSP LED

network activity LED

network board DSP LED

The amber network transmit LED will flash for 1 second when data is transmitted across the Ethernet interface.

The green network activity LED is lit when the Ethernet interface is connected. When network activity is detected, the LED will flash on for 1 second and off for 1 second.

The green network board PowerPC LED will flash continuously when the PowerPC is functioning normally.

The amber network board DSP LED will flash continuously when the DSP is functioning normally.

The indicator LEDs on the PA are visible through a slot in the front panel.

Figure 4.4 Indicator LEDs on the PA

5/50W PA

100W PA

indicator LEDs

Indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the PA:

■ steady green - the PA is powered up

■ flashing green - the PA has no application firmware loaded; you can use

the CSS to download the firmware

■ flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the

CSS to find out more details about the alarms.

The alarm LED will flash whenever an alarm is generated, whether or not this alarm has been disabled in the CSS.

86 Operation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

PMU

The only controls on the PMU are the on/off switches on the rear panel for the AC and DC modules, and the indicator LEDs visible through a slot in the front panel.

Figure 4.5 Operating controls on the PMU

rear view

AC module on/off switch

DC module on/off switch

AC Module On/Off Switch

front view

indicator LEDs

Warning The AC and DC module on/off switches do not

totally isolate the internal circuitry of the PMU from the AC or DC power supplies. You must disconnect the AC and DC supplies from the PMU before dismantling or carrying out any maintenance. Refer to the service manual for the correct servicing procedures.

This switch turns the AC input to the PMU on and off. Note that this switch breaks only the phase circuit, not the neutral.

On switches fitted to PMUs up to November 2008, the red button is “in” when on, and “out” when off. On switches fitted from November 2008 onwards, the red button remains “out” whether on or off.

DC Module On/Off Switch

This switch turns the DC output from the PMU on and off. Note that this switch does not disconnect power from the DC converter itself. It disables the converter by switching off its control circuitry. Even when the DC converter is off, the DC input is still connected to its power circuitry.

The switch is recessed to prevent the DC module being accidentally switched off.

Indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the PMU:

■ steady green - the PMU is powered up

■ flashing green - the PMU has no application firmware loaded; you can

use the CSS to download the firmware

■ flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the

CSS to find out more details about the alarms

■ flashing red and green - the PMU is in battery protection mode; check

that the battery voltage is above the configured minimum startup voltage; also check that the minimum startup voltage is configured correctly.

The alarm LED will flash whenever an alarm is generated, whether or not this alarm has been disabled in the CSS.

88 Operation TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

5 Maintenance

The base station is designed to be very reliable and should require little maintenance. However, performing regular checks will prolong the life of the equipment and prevent problems from happening.

It is beyond the scope of this manual to list every check that you should perform on your base station. The type and frequency of maintenance checks will depend on the location and type of your system. The checks and procedures listed below can be used as a starting point for your maintenance schedule.

Performance Checks We suggest you monitor the following operational parameters using the

CSS:

■ VSWR

■ DC input voltage, especially on transmit

■ receiver sensitivity

■ the setting of the receiver gate opening

■ any temperature alarms.

These basic checks will provide an overview of how well your base station is operating.

Reciter Check UHF reciters for frequency drift after 3 months service and annually

thereafter. If the drift is > 0.5ppm, adjust the carrier frequency offset. For details, see the Calibration Software Help or manual.

Check the modulation fidelity from time to time or if you suspect a degradation in sensitivity on the downlink. For instructions, see “Short

Tuning Procedure” on page 53.

PA There are no special maintenance requirements for the PA.

PMU There are no special maintenance requirements for the PMU. However, we

suggest that you periodically check that the screws on the DC input terminals are tight. They may work loose with thermal cycling. Also, if you are using battery back-up, you should check the batteries regularly in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Ventilation The base station has been designed to have a front-to-back cooling airflow.

We strongly recommend that you periodically check and maintain the ventilation requirements described in “Equipment Ventilation” on page 40 to ensure a long life and trouble-free operation for your base station.

Cooling Fans

The cooling fans have a long service life and have no special maintenance requirements. You can use the CSS to configure the base station to generate an alarm if either of the front panel cooling fans fail. Refer to the CSS Help or manual for more details.

90 Maintenance TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

6 Troubleshooting

Check that all front and rear connectors and cables are in place, and that power switches are on. If problems persist, contact your nearest regional Tait office.

Symptom Possible Cause Action

Alarm LED red and steady (not flashing)

All reciter LEDs on Digital board not

Desired feature is not operating

Front panel speaker transmits unintelligible sounds

Front panel speaker is silent although calls are being transmitted

Clear warning on transmit This means that the base

The base station is in Standby mode

communicating with Network board

Feature license missing

Feature license present but feature is not enabled

An encrypted P25 call is being monitored/received

station/console gateway transmitted a clear and not encrypted call

Use CSS to put

Replace reciter module and send faulty module for servicing

a) Check that you have the necessary feature

licenses (see the CSS Help or manual).

b) Check the system log for messages indicating a

missing feature license

Use the CSS to enable the feature.

Turn speaker off or take no action: only other radios with encryption decoder can decrypt encrypted calls

If the console gateway has an encryption license, the speaker remains silent when encrypted calls are transmitted

You have a non-encryption system and the clear warning hasn't been turned off in the configuration

You are transmitting clear when you should be transmitting encryption. This could be because: a) your calling profile specifies an encryption key

but you don't have a basic encryption license

b) your calling profile specifies an encryption key.

That key is filled with AES key information but you don't have an AES encryption license.

base station in Run mode

Mismatch warning on transmit

Mismatch warning on receive

Tx stuck on Tx and Rx frequencies are

The base station doesn't transmit/ the console gateway doesn't pass signal on to the network

The base station doesn't receive/ the console gateway doesn't pass signal on to the network

the same

The calling profile specifies an encryption key, but that key is not loaded

Use the CSS to monitor calls and check that there is no mismatch between the received call and the current calling profile

Reconfigure Tx and Rx with different frequencies

Symptom Possible Cause Action

Power LED on control panel is on, but nothing else works

No power or LEDs on control panel

Can’t send microphone audio

Control panel behavior is random, as if buttons are being pressed

The base station appears to make random transmissions

Panel is disabled Check that the control panel is enabled on the CSS

(Configure > Network Element > Miscellaneous)

System control bus not connected to control panel

Pins bent on 15-pin Drange plug on subrack

Correct buttons have not been pressed on the control panel to select either P25 or Analog mode for the microphone

P25 call being made, but feature not enabled

C cable is not connected

to PMU

CWID feature enabled No action: CWID transmissions are made according

Check I

Replace or repair D-range plug

Check that correct mode is selected

Check using the CSS that there is a feature license for the P25 common air interface.

Check the I2C cable connection to the PMU - if the

I control bus is not properly terminated and will account for any strange behavior

to configuration settings

C cable connections

C cable is not connected to the PMU, the system

Supplementary services don’t work

PA has low power Channel is configured to

Channel group interface not working

Features and permissions have not been enabled correctly

low power

PA may have suffered partial damage

The base station does not have a voice networking feature license

Multicast address incorrect Check that the CSS still connects to the base

a) keyed connectors were not used b) the analog line was connected by mistake to the Ethernet interface c) E&M connection has non-current limiting power supply

Check service profiles. The service profile attached to the channel enables supplementary services on the RF receiver. The service profile attached to the calling profile enables supplementary services on the analog line in.

Use the CSS to check the power settings

Replace module and send faulty module for servicing

Obtain the required license and enable the feature.

station, and that the multicast address is correct

Replace module and send faulty module for servicing

Test tones can’t be heard IMBE does not pass on

tones higher than 400Hz

92 Troubleshooting TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Ensure test tones are less than 400Hz

Symptom Possible Cause Action

Static on analog Rx P25 call is being made on

an analog channel

The base station performs Task Manager actions unexpectedly when going into Run mode

The base station performs Task Manager actions unexpectedly and no longer responds to digital inputs

Lost or forgotten base station IP address

Encryption/decryption over the analog line is not working

Digital input cable is not attached, the inputs are active low: thus if no cable is attached the base station reads them as all on.

No key Key empty Wrong key Network element is not crypto-capable

Check configuration on CSS

1. Check the cable carrying digital inputs

2. Try to avoid Task Manager tasks that trigger when digital inputs float high

1. Connect your PC to the 9-pin serial connector on the back of the reciter.

2. Run a program such as HyperTerminal, Teraterm or minicom.

3. Select the following port settings: 57600 baud, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control.

4. Press the ‘Enter’ key. A login prompt will appear displaying the base station’s IP address.

Select Monitor > Interfaces > Analog Line to diagnose the cause.

Crypto-module failed its integrity test

1. Look for the warning-level syslog message “<Timestamp..> Crypto Module Self Test Result: Failed-Restart initiated(2)”

2. If the message is found, return the channel module to Tait for repair.

94 Troubleshooting TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

7 Replacing Modules

Caution The PA and PMU weigh between 10.1lb (4.6kg) and 15.4lb

(7kg) each. Take care when handling these modules to avoid personal injury.

7.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration

Before replacing a module in the base station, you should decide whether you need to save its configuration data. If you are unsure whether you have a record of the configuration, use the CSS to read the base station and save the configuration file before removing any modules. Once you have replaced the module, you will be able to restore the original configuration by programming the saved configuration back into the base station.

If one or more of the modules is faulty, you may be unable to read the base station. In this case, you will have to restore the configuration from a back-up file. Refer to the CSS Help or manual for more information.

7.2 Preliminary Disassembly

Hot-pluggable Modules

Disconnecting the Power

The reciter, PA and control panel are hot-pluggable and can be removed without powering down the whole base station. These modules can also be removed without disrupting the system control bus communications with the other modules in the subrack.

Notice The PMU must be connected to the system control bus at all times. The terminating circuitry for the bus is located in the PMU, and if the PMU is disconnected, the state of much of the bus will be undefined. This may cause corrupted data to be present on the bus when the reciter reads the states of the switches on the control panel. This in turn may result in random actuations of microphone PTT, carrier, or speaker key, causing the base station to transmit or the speaker to be actuated incorrectly.

Notice Before removing a PA, disconnect the DC input and RF input first, followed by the RF output (and DC output on the 12 V PA). After refitting the PA, reconnect the RF output (and DC output on the 12V PA) first, followed by the RF input, and then the DC input.

If you want to disconnect the power before working on the base station, follow these steps.

Caution Before disconnecting the battery supply leads from the PMU, open the circuit breaker or disconnect the supply leads from the battery.

1. Turn off the AC

2. Also at the rear of the PMU disconnect the mains supply leads, and the auxiliary DC supply lead

b and DC c switches at the rear of the PMU.

d and battery e

f (if fitted).

96 Replacing Modules TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

3. If the base station is using a 12V PA, disconnect the battery supply

lead g.

Remove the Front Panel

PMU

bcdef

1. Undo the fastener at each end of the front panel b with a quarter

turn anti-clockwise.

12V PA

lockedunlocked

2. While supporting the left end of the front panel, place your fingers in

the recess provided on the left side of the control panel opening and pull the right end of the front panel away from the subrack. You will need to overcome the resistance of the spring clip securing the front panel to the control panel.

7.3 Replacing the Control Panel

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-

liminary Disassembly” on page 96.

2. Undo the retaining screw control panel.

3. Pull the bottom of the control panel away from the subrack disconnect the D-range socket on the back of the panel from the plug

d on the subrack.

4. Pull the control panel down the subrack.

b. Note that the screw stays attached to the

e to disengage the center tab f from

c to

Refitting Before fitting the new control, make sure that it has been configured

according to your requirements. See “Configuring the Control Panel

Board” on page 99.

1. Fit the top of the control panel to the subrack so that the center tab is behind the lip of the subrack and between the two locating tabs formed in the lip. Push the control panel firmly upwards

2. Align the D-range socket on the back of the control panel with the plug on the subrack. Gently push the bottom of the panel home against the subrack

h to engage the plug into the socket.

98 Replacing Modules TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

3. Insert the securing screw into the floating nut i in the subrack and

tighten. Note that you may have to push the screw in and down to pick up the floating nut.

4. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 115.

Configuring the Control Panel Board

A link (J300) is provided on the control panel board which allows you to select the color displayed by the seven channel LEDs (refer to the examples below). This link selects the color for all the channel LEDs.

Note The following diagram shows the bottom side of the board (as

seen with the board mounted in the control panel chassis). J300 is mounted on the top side of the board, and is accessible from the top of the control panel assembly.

pin 1

J300

Examples of LED Colors

Example 1

With the following link settings:

■ Subrack interconnect board links set for Rx gate status signal (see

“Configuring the Subrack Interconnect Board” on page 112)

■ control panel board link across pins 1 and 2

the channel LEDs will have the following states:

■ red indicates which is the currently selected reciter (channel)

■ green indicates that the reciter is receiving a valid signal

■ orange indicates that the currently selected reciter is receiving a valid

signal

The link settings described above are the factory default settings.

Example 2

With the following link settings:

■ subrack interconnect board links set for alarm status signal (see

“Configuring the Subrack Interconnect Board” on page 112)

■ control panel board link across pins 2 and 3

the channel LEDs will have the following states:

■ green indicates which is the currently selected

reciter (channel)

■ red indicates that the reciter is generating an alarm

■ green, flashing orange indicates that the currently selected reciter is

generating an alarm

100 Replacing Modules TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual

Tait TB9100 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Installation and Operation Manual

Contents

Preface

Scope of Manual

Document Conventions

Associated Documentation

Publication Record

1 Description

1.1 Features

1.2 Base Station and Gateway

1.3 Modules

Base Station Reciter

Gateway Modules

Power Amplifier

Power Management Unit

Front Panel

Control Panel

Subrack

1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands

1.5 Product Options

Base Station/Repeater

12V DC PA-Only Base Station/Repeater

Receive-only Base Station

Console Gateway

Trunked Analog Gateway

1.6 Applications

Repeater

Line-Connected Base Station

Channel Group

Trunking Control or Traffic Channel

Simulcast

P25 Linking

Data Gateway

Console Gateway

Trunked Analog Gateway

1.7 Theory of Operation

Signal Paths

Run and Standby Modes

Dual Mode

Intermodule Communications

Power Management

Power Distribution

Front Panel Fans

2.1 Personal Safety

Unpacking and Moving the Equipment

Lethal Voltages

TB9100/P25 CG/P25 TAG Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 31 © Tait Limited March 2014

AC Power Connection

Explosive Environments

Proximity to RF Transmissions

High Temperatures

LED Safety (EN60825-1)

2.2 Equipment Safety

Installation and Servicing Personnel

Preventing Damage to the PA

ESD Precautions

Anti-tampering Devices

2.3 Environmental Conditions

Operating Temperature Range

Humidity

Dust and Dirt

2.4 Regulatory Information

Distress Frequencies

Compliance Standards

FCC Compliance

FCC Narrowbanding Regulations

Unauthorized Modifications

Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe

3 Installation

3.1 Before You Begin

Equipment Security

Grounding and Lightning Protection

Equipment Ventilation

Ambient Air Temperature Sensor

Cabinet and Rack Ventilation

3.2 Installing and Setting up the CSS