Studio Technologies 760-03 User Manual V.4.15

for Surround
Model 760-03 Central Controller and
Model 77 Control Console
User Guide
Issue 3, April 2015
This User Guide is applicable for systems consisting of:
software version 4.40 and higher and FPGA version 4.15 and higher;
Model 77: serial number M77-00151 and later with software version 4.40 and higher
with
© 2015 by Studio Technologies, Inc., all rights reserved
www.studio-tech.com
50247-0415, Issue 3
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for Surround

Table of Contents

Revision History ............................................................ 4
Introduction ................................................................... 5
Installation .................................................................... 9
Configuration ................................................................17
Operation ...................................................................... 39
Technical Notes ............................................................46
Specifications ...............................................................50
Appendix A—Connection Pin-Out Charts ....................52
Appendix B—Sync Input Sources ................................54
Appendix C—Downmix Formulas .................................55
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Revision History

Issue 3, April 2015:
1. Revised specifications to reflect final audio performance measurements.
Issue 2, January 2015:
1. Text clarifications.
2. Reflects final product nomenclature (Model 760-03/Model 77).
Issue 1,
1. Initial release (as Model 76DA-110/Model 77).
April 2014:
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Introduction

What This User Guide Covers
This User Guide is designed to assist you when installing and using the Model 760-03 Central Controller and one or more associated Model 77 or Model 71 Control Consoles.
Overview
As creating and distributing multi-channel surround (5.1) and stereo audio material has become a day-to-day reality, the abil­ity to simply and effectively monitor these sources is imperative for recording, post­production, and broadcast facilities. And with audio-with-picture applications becom­ing so prevalent, additional monitoring chal­lenges have arisen. Studio Technologies has addressed these needs with the Studio­Comm for Surround Model 760-03 Central Controller and the Model 77 and Model 71 Control Consoles. With digital audio inputs, digital and analog monitor outputs, support for multiple user control surfaces, and an extensive set of operating resources it’s a simple task to integrate a monitoring system into virtually any facility. The carefully se­lected group of features, including surround and stereo inputs, configurable input-signal time delay, multiple pre- and post-fader out­puts, configurable downmix and mute/solo functions, and bass management, along with a multi-format sync input, make the system powerful yet simple to operate. And by using the best of contemporary technol­ogy, as well as following rigorous design practices, the system’s audio quality is excellent.
A StudioComm for Surround system starts with the Model 77 Control Console. It’s the system’s “command center” and is designed
to reside at a user’s location, allowing fin­gertip selection of all monitoring functions. Numerous LED indicators provide com­plete status information. A 4-digit numeric display indicates the post-fader monitor output level in real time. A major strength of the Model 77 is its ability to configure, under software control, many important operating parameters. Intended for sec­ondary monitoring locations, the Model 71 Control Console is a compact user control surface. It provides three of the most basic functions: a rotary level control, dim on/off button, and reference level on/off button.
Most installations will use only one Model 77 Control Console. However, up to three additional Model 77 or Model 71 Control Consoles can also be connected. This provides multiple users with full control over a facility’s monitor system. And to make installation simple, the Model 760-03 provides power for all connected Model 77 or Model 71 units.
The core of this StudioComm for Surround system is the Model 760-03 Central Con­troller. The one-rack-space unit contains circuitry that supports balanced digital audio inputs, balanced digital and analog monitor outputs, digital audio and control processing, and interfacing for the user control surface(s). The Model 760-03 pro­vides two surround (5.1) and three stereo digital audio inputs. These balanced digital inputs are AES3-compliant; sources of this type are ubiquitous in many post-produc­tion and audio facility environments. The inputs allow a sample rate of up to 192 kHz and a bit depth of up to 24 to be di­rectly supported. Circuitry associated with one of the stereo inputs provides sample rate conversion (SRC) capability, allowing a wide range of digital audio sources to be monitored. Up to 340 milliseconds of input
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delay can be selected to compensate for processing delays in an associated video path. For flexibility, two delay values can be configured, allowing real-time selection as desired. A number of different signals can serve as the Model 760-03’s digital audio timing reference. For synchronization with a master timing reference a dedicated source of word clock, DARS (AES11), bi-level video, or tri-level video can be connected. Alternately, the L/R connection of the ac­tively selected surround or stereo input source can serve as the timing reference.
A range of digital and analog surround (5.1) and stereo monitor outputs are provided. The post-fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor outputs are intended for connection to monitor loudspeaker systems. The pre-fader surround digital monitor out­put can be used with metering systems that require signals that aren’t impacted by level control or other monitoring functions. The stereo input C direct digital monitor output allows an installation to directly access the
SRC capabilities. The digital monitor out­puts are compatible with equipment that re­quires balanced AES3 digital audio signals with an output impedance of 110 ohms and a signal level of 5 volts peak-to-peak (Vpp).
A sophisticated bass management func­tion is integral to the Model 760-03’s design and can be enabled if desired. It can apply to both the surround and stereo digital and analog post-fader monitor output channels. Note however that the bass management function is only supported at sample rates of 44.1, 48, 88.2, and 96 kHz. The overall goal of bass management is very simple: ensure that the entire audio bandwidth of all channels can be accurately monitored. Many loudspeaker systems have inher­ent low-frequency limitations, preventing a true picture of the source material from being presented. To overcome this, the low­frequency energy from the five channels associated with the surround inputs and the two channels associated with the stereo inputs can be separated and routed to the
Figure 1. Model 760-03 Central Controller Front Panel
Control console
status LED
Figure 2. Model 760-03 Central Controller Back Panel
AC mains input
Remote control inputs
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To /from
Models 77 &
71 Control
Consoles
Digital monitor
outputs
Analog monitor
outputs
Sync input
Stereo
input C
Digital surround (5.1) inputs A & B
and digital stereo inputs A & B
Sync status
LED
Mute/ solo
mode
for Surround
Channel mute/ solo
Downmix
Input source
select
Figure 3. Model 77 Control Console Front Panel
subwoofer (SUB) channel of the monitor outputs. Several of the bass management functions can be configured to match the requirements of specific installations.
Great care was taken in designing the sys­tem’s architecture, ensuring that the charac­ter of the audio input signals is preserved. All audio processing, including bass man­agement, is performed in 32-bit logic using a high-speed field-programmable gate array (FPGA) integrated circuit.
The Model 760-03 occupies one space (1U) in a standard 19-inch rack. Digital audio sources are interfaced with the Model 760-03 using one 25-pin female D-subminiature connector and one 3-pin female XLR connector. A BNC connector is used to interface with an external sync source. Digital and analog monitor output signal connections are made using two 25-pin female D-subminiature connectors. One 9-pin female D-subminiature connector is used to connect the Model 760-03 with up to four Model 77 or Model 71 Control Consoles. A second 9-pin female “D-sub”
Monitor output level display
Post-fader surround monitor output
• Surround/ stereo
• Reference level
• Mute all
• Dim
• Rotary level control
connector is used to interface with remote control signals. AC mains power is con­nected directly to the Model 760-03, with an acceptable range of 100 to 240 V, 50/60 Hz.
Additional Details
The Model 77 provides five buttons and as­sociated LEDs for selection of the surround and stereo input sources to be monitored. While in most cases only one input source will be monitored at a time, stereo input C can be selected for simultaneous monitoring with one of the two surround or other two stereo inputs. This allows the two selected inputs to be combined (“summed”).
It’s interesting to note that while each of the two surround inputs has an LFE channel associated with it, the “.1” post-fader digital and analog surround monitor outputs are designated as SUB (subwoofer), rather than LFE. This terminology was carefully select­ed to highlight the fact that this output chan­nel may include more than just LFE content. The bass management function, if enabled, will redirect low-frequency energy from the
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main input channels, combining it with the LFE content before routing the sum to the digital and analog subwoofer outputs.
The post-fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor output levels can be controlled by way of a large, easy-to-use rotary control. The control, actually a digital encoder, allows level selection in precise
0.5-dB steps. The auto mute all function causes the post-fader surround and stereo monitor output channels to automatically mute whenever the output level control reaches maximum attenuation. Using the reference level function, the post-fader sur­round and stereo monitor output levels can be set to a pre-configured value. This is pro­vided for audio-with-picture applications that require a specific monitor output level. The reference level is easily configured by tak­ing an electronic “snapshot” of the desired monitor output level. For user confirmation a 4-digit LED readout can display the level of the post-fader surround and stereo monitor output channels. To match the needs of a facility, it can be configured to display either the attenuation level or the sound pressure level (SPL).
The dim function allows the post-fader sur­round and stereo digital and analog monitor output levels to be reduced by a fixed dB amount. The dim level is configured from among four available values. A mute all function allows the post-fader surround and stereo monitor output channels to be simul­taneously muted. The channel mute/solo section provides post-fader surround and stereo channel monitoring control, allowing a single channel to be muted or monitored. Multiple channels can also be simultane­ously selected for muting or “soloing.”
A special solo mode is also provided, called
channel pop solo, which offers a unique aid when monitoring audio material. Chan
­nel pop solo allows the level of a single post-fader digital and analog monitor out­put channel to be raised while the level of the other channels is reduced. This helps to emphasize the content on one channel without fully muting the others. Broadcast applications can benefit from the channel pop solo mode by allowing, for example, the center channel to be highlighted while still maintaining some level on the other chan­nels. The amount of level increase—the “pop”—as well as the amount of attenua­tion can be configured to meet the needs of specific applications or users.
Two functions allow the input sources to be checked for level or phase inconsistencies. The surround to stereo downmix function is used to create a stereo signal from the se­lected surround (5.1) source. Key operating parameters in the surround to stereo down­mix function can be configured to meet the requirements of an application. This can be especially useful when support for specific international broadcast standards is re­quired. The stereo to mono downmix func­tion allows audio on the left and right input channels to be added (summed) and moni­tored on the center output channel. The two downmix functions can be simultaneously enabled, allowing a surround source to be checked for mono compatibility. The down­mix functions always impact the post-fader surround and stereo monitor outputs. A configuration setting allows the pre-fader surround monitor output to be selected for pre- or post-downmix operation.
For flexibility, the StudioComm for Surround system is designed to easily integrate with equipment such as production intercom systems, on-air or recording tally signals,
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and audio consoles. Two remote-control inputs provide access to the mute all and dim functions. By providing access to these functions, talkback or slate activity from an audio console or other communi­cations system can control the level of the post-fader surround and stereo monitor outputs.

Installation

In this section you will be installing the Model 760-03 Central Controller in an equipment rack. Connections to the digital audio inputs, digital monitor outputs, and analog monitor outputs will be made. A dedicated digital audio timing reference signal can be connected to the sync input. If desired, external equipment will be inter­faced to the remote control inputs. A loca­tion will be selected for the first Model 77 Control Console and it will be connected to the Model 760-03. AC mains power will be connected to the Model 760-03. For advanced applications up to three addi­tional Model 77 or Model 71 Control Console units can be connected to the Model 760-03.
System Components
The main shipping carton contains one each of the following: Model 760-03 Cen­tral Controller, Model 77 Control Console, 9-pin D-sub interconnecting cable, and user guide. Also included in the ship­ping carton is a North-American-standard AC mains cord. Your dealer or distributor should provide an AC mains cord appro­priate for destinations outside of North America. Any additional Model 77 or Model 71 Control Consoles will be shipped in separate cartons.
Mounting the Model 760-03
The Model 760-03 Central Controller re­quires one space (1U) in a standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) equipment rack. Secure the Model 760-03 into the equipment rack using two mounting screws per side. Select a location that is convenient for making connections to the audio signals as well as interfacing with the first (or only) Model 77 Control Console. A cable is supplied to connect the Model 760-03 to the Model 77. If the needs of a specific installation dictate, an alternate­length interconnecting cable can be fabri­cated and used.
Audio Connections
Audio connections are made by way of three 25-pin female D-subminiature connectors and one 3-pin female XLR connector. All the connectors are located on the Model 760-03’s back panel. Refer to Figure 2 for a detailed view of these connectors.
Audio Inputs
Two surround (5.1) and three stereo digi­tal audio sources can be connected. All sources can be monitored using the pre­and post-fader surround and post-fader stereo monitor output channels. A one-to­one relationship is maintained between the input and output channels, i.e., left input to left monitor output, right input to right moni­tor output, center input to center monitor output, etc. (Of course this won’t be true in the case where the user has enabled one or both of the downmix functions.) Stereo input C is also routed to the stereo input C direct monitor output.
The audio inputs support digital audio sig­nals with a sampling rate of up to 192 kHz and a word length (depth) of up to 24 bits. It’s best if the connected signal sources
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maintain a common sample rate and tim­ing reference. Having all signals “locked” together helps to ensure proper handling by the Model 760-03’s all-digital signal control path.
There is, however, an exception worth not­ing. Circuitry associated with stereo input C has sample rate conversion (SRC) ca­pability, allowing virtually any digital audio signal to be connected. A signal connected to stereo input C can have an independent sample rate and timing reference and still be monitored correctly. Refer to the Techni­cal Notes section of this user guide for a detailed review of the SRC capability.
The Model 760-03’s digital audio inputs are intended for connection with balanced digital audio sources that are compatible with the AES3 standard. This signal type has a nominal impedance of 110 ohms and a nominal signal level of 5 Vpp.
One 25-pin female D-subminiature con­nector (DB-25F) is used to interface with the 16 channels associated with surround input A, surround input B, stereo input A, and stereo input B. Each of the eight physi­cal connections supports two audio chan­nels. Often a wiring assembly prepared for these digital audio inputs would typically be identical to that of a TASCAM®-type (AES59-compliant) input assembly. An as­sembly of this type would have eight 3-pin female XLR connectors on one end and a 25-pin male D-subminiature connector (DB-25M) on the other. Refer to Figure 4 for details on connecting with the 25-pin female D-subminiature connector.
On the Model 760-03 stereo input C uses a 3-pin female XLR connector for interfac­ing with a digital audio signal source. The mating cable should have a 3-pin XLR
Signal Signal Connections Channel High (+) Low (–) Shield
Surround Input A L/R 1 24 12 25
Surround Input A C/LFE 2 10 23 11
Surround Input A LS/RS 3 21 9 22
Stereo Input A 4 7 20 8
Surround Input B L/R 5 18 6 19
Surround Input B C/LFE 6 4 17 5
Surround Input B LS/RS 7 15 3 16
Stereo Input B 8 1 14 2
Notes: 1) All signals transformer-coupled digital audio; balanced AES3 (110 ohms, 5 Vpp) compatible.
2) Connector type on Model 760-03 is 25-pin female D-subminiature (DB-25F). Installer must provide male (DB-25M). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
3) Wiring scheme follows AES59-2012 convention. Standard TASCAM-type wiring harnesses are directly compatible, with the possible exception of 4-40 screw threads being required.
Figure 4. Connections for Surround A, Surround B, Stereo A, and Stereo B Digital Inputs
connector wired such that signal + goes to pin 2, the – signal to pin 3, and shield to pin 1.
Unbalanced AES3 digital audio signals can also be used with the Model 760-03’s inputs if external coupling transformers (“baluns”) are utilized. These impedance­matching (75 ohms to 110 ohms) and level step-up transformer assemblies typically provide a BNC connector on their input and a 3-pin male XLR connector on their output.
Digital Monitor Outputs
The 25-pin female D-subminiature connector labeled Digital Monitor Outputs provides access to the Model 760-03’s 16 channels of digital audio monitor output: pre-fader surround, post-fader surround, post-fader stereo, and stereo input C direct. The pre-fader surround digital monitor output channels are intended
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for connection to metering or monitoring equipment that requires uninterrupted full-level signals.
The post-fader surround digital monitor output channels are intended to connect to a 5.1 loudspeaker system. The post-fader stereo digital monitor output is provided to support a separate set of stereo monitor loudspeakers.
The stereo input C direct digital monitor output is essentially a unity gain copy of the signal connected to stereo input C. However, the signal does pass through the sample rate conversion (SRC) and input delay circuitry. The impact made by these functions will depend on the specific input signal and the Model 760-03’s configura­tion settings.
The digital monitor outputs are balanced AES3 digital audio sources with a nominal impedance of 110 ohms and a nominal lev­el of 5 Vpp. Signals of this type are normal­ly interconnected to destination equipment using shielded twisted-pair cable terminat­ed with 3-pin male XLR connectors.
A cable assembly with a 25-pin male D­sub connector (DB-25M) on one end and the desired connectors on the other end will be used for connecting to the digital monitor outputs. The D-subminiature con
­nector follows the TASCAM-type wiring convention, organizing the 25 pins into eight groups of three pins each; one pin remains unused. Each set of three pins provides an independent interface. In the analog world this would allow eight audio signals to be transported. But with AES3 digital audio signals this allows support for 16 audio channels; eight interfaces each supplying two audio channels.
A wiring assembly prepared for the Model 760-03’s monitor outputs would typically be identical to that of a TASCAM-type output assembly. An assembly of this type would have a 25-pin male D-subminiature connec
­tor (DB-25M) on one end and eight 3-pin male XLR connectors on the other.
For compatibility with balanced AES3 digital audio signals connect the D-sub’s + ter­minal as signal high and the – terminal as signal low. In most applications a 3-pin male XLR connector will be used. In this case the + terminal would go to pin 2 of the XLR, the – terminal to XLR pin 3, and the shield terminal to XLR pin 1. Refer to Figure 5 or Appendix A for the exact connection details. Note that unlike a TASCAM-type assembly, the two threaded fasteners associated with the Model 760-03’s D-sub connectors use 4-40 threads. This complies with the original design standard for D-subminiature connectors.
Signal Signal Connections Channel High (+) Low (–) Shield
Pre-Fader L/R 1 24 12 25
Pre-Fader C/SUB 2 10 23 11
Pre-Fader LS/RS 3 21 9 22
Stereo Input C Direct 4 7 20 8
Post-Fader L/R 5 18 6 19
Post-Fader C/SUB 6 4 17 5
Post-Fader LS/RS 7 15 3 16
Post-Fader
Notes: 1) All signals transformer-coupled digital audio; balanced AES3 (110 ohms, 5 Vpp) compatible.
2) Connector type on Model 760-03 is 25-pin female D-subminiature (DB-25F). Installer must provide male (DB-25M). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
3) Wiring scheme follows AES59-2012 convention. Standard TASCAM-type wiring harnesses are directly compatible, with the possible exception of 4-40 screw threads being required.
Figure 5. Connections for Digital Monitor Outputs
Stereo 8 1 14 2
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Pre-Fader Surround Digital Monitor Output
The pre-fader surround digital monitor output channels are intended to connect to metering, measurement, or other signal monitoring equipment that requires uninterrupted, full-level digital audio signal sources.
Stereo Input C Direct Digital Monitor Output
The stereo input C direct digital monitor output is intended for use in site-specific applications. It provides an uninterrupted, full-level digital audio signal source that is post-SRC and input delay in the signal chain.
Post-Fader Surround Digital Monitor Output
The post-fader surround digital monitor out­put channels are designed for connection to digital inputs on audio amplifiers associated with monitor loudspeakers. Alternately, they could be connected to the inputs of loud­speakers that contain integrated amplifiers with digital audio input capability.
Post-Fader Stereo Digital Monitor Output
The post-fader stereo digital monitor output channels are intended to support a stereo loudspeaker system, either by connecting to the digital input of an amplifier associ
­ated with a set of loudspeakers or directly to a set of amplified speakers that provide digital inputs.
Analog Monitor Outputs
The connector labeled Analog Monitor Outputs provides access to the Model 760-03’s 6-channel (5.1) surround and 2-channel stereo analog monitor outputs.
The surround analog monitor output chan­nels are intended to connect to analog inputs associated with the surround loud­speaker system incorporated in a facility. The stereo analog monitor output allows support for a secondary set of stereo monitor loudspeakers.
The analog monitor output channels are designed for connection to audio amplifiers associated with monitor loudspeakers or to the inputs of loudspeakers that contain integrated amplifiers. The analog monitor outputs are electronically balanced and will perform optimally when driving loads of 2000 (2 k) ohms or greater. In most appli­cations 3-pin male XLR connectors will be used to interface with the inputs on the as­sociated amplifiers or amplified speakers. In this case the + terminal would go to pin 2 of the XLR, the – terminal to XLR pin 3, and the shield terminal to XLR pin 1.
Balanced operation of the analog monitor outputs is the preferred connection method but unbalanced operation does not pose a problem. To connect to an unbalanced load connect the + terminal as signal high, and only the Model 760-03’s shield terminal as the signal low/shield. Leave the – terminal unconnected. For correct unbalanced op
­eration, it is important not to connect – and shield together.
The wiring scheme used by the D-submin­iature connector complies with AES59­2012, as made popular by TASCAM. A wiring assembly prepared for the Model 760-03’s analog monitor outputs is identi
­cal to that of a TASCAM-type output as­sembly. Please refer to Figure 6 for the exact connection details. Again note that unlike a TASCAM-type assembly, the Model 760-03’s D-sub connectors use 4-40 threads.
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Signal Signal Connections Channel High (+) Low (–) Shield
Surround L 1 24 12 25
Surround R 2 10 23 11
Surround C 3 21 9 22
Surround SUB 4 7 20 8
Surround LS 5 18 6 19
Surround RS 6 4 17 5
Stereo L 7 15 3 16
Stereo R 8 1 14 2
Notes: 1) Connector type on Model 760-03 is 25-pin female D-subminiature (DB-25M). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
2) Wiring scheme follows AES59-2012 convention. Standard TASCAM-type wiring harnesses are directly compatible, with the possible exception of 4-40 screw threads being required.
Figure 6. Connections for Analog Monitor Outputs
(DB-25F). Installer must provide male
Sync Input
The Model 760-03 requires a timing refer­ence (sync) signal so that the digital audio input and digital monitor output signals will be handled correctly. A configuration set­ting allows the source of sync to be the L/R input of the currently selected surround or stereo digital audio input. While this is acceptable, audio artifacts (clicks or noise) can occur when switching between inputs. A better method is to connect a dedicated timing reference signal to the Model 760­03’s sync input connector. The connected sync signal must maintain a stable rela­tionship between itself and the digital audio inputs. The actual sync source can be in one of several formats: word clock, DARS (AES11), bi-level video, or tri-level video.
An overview of the various compatible timing reference signals might prove worthwhile. Word clock is a digital signal that is locked in phase and frequency to the sample rate of the associated digital
audio sources. DARS (digital audio refer­ence source) is a timing signal compliant with the AES11 standard. It’s sometimes referred to as “AES3-black.” Technically it is similar to an AES3 signal but is generated specifically as a timing reference signal. Bi-level video sync signals were originally provided to support NTSC and PAL broad­cast applications, although they continue to be used by contemporary equipment. Tri-level sync signals were primarily asso­ciated with facilities that supported high­definition (HD) video equipment, however the importance of this type of sync seems to be waning. Both bi-level and tri-level signals can be found at numerous rate combinations, configured to allow for com­patibility with the various video formats.
With the wide range of allowable sync sources proper Model 760-03 operation should be easy to obtain. Extensive testing has been done using many different sync source types and rates. Interested users can refer to Appendix B of this user guide for details.
The external sync reference source is con­nected to the sync input BNC connector located on the Model 760-03’s back panel. For flexibility this input can be configured to be high-impedance (“floating”) or ter­minated with an impedance of 75 ohms. A sync source that is dedicated for use by the Model 760-03’s sync input will typically have input termination enabled. If the sync signal connected to the Model 760-03 is being connected (“multed”) to other inputs it may be desirable for the termination to be disabled. A general “rule of thumb” is that termination should be applied only at the location of the last physical device using a sync signal.
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Remote Control Inputs
Support is provided for two remote con­trol input functions: remote mute all and remote dim. These functions only impact the post-fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor outputs. The Model 760-03’s inputs use logic gates, “pulled up” to 3.3 Vdc by way of resistors, which are active whenever they are brought to their logic low state. Inputs of this type are com­monly referred to as GPI inputs. While the input circuitry is protected from over-current and static discharge (ESD), care should be taken to prevent nasty signals from reach­ing them. The inputs are active only when held in the low state; they can’t be config­ured to change state (“latch”) in response to a logic pulse.
A 9-pin female D-subminiature connector is used for the remote control inputs. Re­fer to Figure 7 or Appendix A for the exact connection details. Note that pin 4 (remote common) connects to the Model 760-03’s internal circuit common connection as well as to the Model 760-03’s chassis and mains earth connections. Figure 7 also shows two spare remote control inputs (pins 8 and 9). These are provided for future applications and should remain unconnected.
Connecting the Model 760-03 to the Model 77
A 9-pin female D-subminiature connec­tor, labeled To/From Control Consoles, is provided on the back panel of the Model 760-03 Central Controller. This is used to interface the unit with Model 77 Control Consoles. Refer to Figure 8 or Appendix A for details. A 9-pin female D-sub connec­tor, labeled To/From Central Controller, is provided on the back panel of each Model 77 Control Console. A cable with 9-pin male D-sub (DE-9M) connectors on each end is used to interconnect the Model 760-03 with the Model 77 units. A cable is included in the shipping carton. The cable implements all nine connector pins in a one-to-one manner.
Should an interconnecting cable of a differ­ent length be required there’s no problem for one to be fabricated and used. While it can be wired in a one-to-one fashion supporting all nine pins, only four con­nections are required: pin 1 (data +), pin 6 (data –), pin 4 (DC +), and pin 9 (DC –). The Model 760-03’s connector pin-out scheme was designed to allow creation of an interconnecting cable which uses
Signal Pin Direction
Signal Pin Direction
Data Shield 1 Shield
Remote Mute All 5 Input
Remote Dim 6 Input
Remote Spare 1 8 In
Remote Spare 2 9 Input
Remote Common 4 Common
Note: Connector type on Model 760-03 is 9-pin female D-subminiature (DE-9F). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
Figure 7. Connections for Remote Control Inputs
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Data + (RS-485) 1 To/From Models 77/71
Data – (RS-485) 6 To/From Models 77/71
Data Shield 2 To/From Models 77/71
DC + (12 V) 4 To Models 77/71
DC – (12 V Return) 9 To Models 77/71
DC Power Shield 5 To/From Models 77/71
Note: Connector type on Model 760-03 is 9-pin female D-subminiature (DE-9F). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
Figure 8. Connections between Model 760-03 and Model 77 and Model 71
for Surround
commonly available 2-pair audio cable. This cable, consisting of two twisted pairs each with an individual shield, is typically sleek, flexible, and available in many colors. One pair and shield can be used for the data connections while the other pair and shield can be used for the DC connections. This implementation has the advantages of pro­viding a shield for the data path and a more robust common connection (two conduc­tors including the shield) for the DC power circuit.
A few simple calculations are required to determine the maximum cable length when connecting a Model 760-03 to a Model 77. The differential transmission scheme used by the system’s RS-485 interface makes an interconnection in excess of 1000 feet (>300 meters) easily possible. The limiting factor is typically the ability of the wiring to pass the DC power supplied by the Model 760-03 to a Model 77. The Model 760-03 supplies 12 Vdc with a maximum current of 500 milliamperes (mA).
The Model 77 requires a minimum of 9 Vdc, 100 mA, for correct operation. (The voltage must be measured directly at the Model 77’s 9-pin connector.) So the maximum interconnecting cable length is directly re
­lated to the resistive voltage losses associ­ated with the two DC-carrying conductors. As the Model 760-03 supplies 12 V and the Model 77 requires 9 V minimum, this di­rectly leads to a 3 Vdc maximum drop due to the interconnecting cable. Using Ohm’s law it’s quite easy to determine whether the selected cable will support the desired interconnection length. Calculate the volt­age drop by multiplying the total resistance (in ohms) of the proposed cable by 0.1 (the Model 77’s required current in amperes). Remember to include the resistance in both
the DC + and DC – wires when calculating the voltage drop. If it’s greater than 3 V your cable is too long or the wire gauge is too small.
Additional Control Consoles
Some installations may benefit from the Model 760-03’s ability to be controlled by additional control consoles. At least one Model 77 Control Console must be con­nected to the Model 760-03 Central Con­troller. After this requirement has been met up to three additional Model 77 or Model 71 Control Consoles can also be connect­ed and to powered by the Model 760-03.
When connecting multiple control consoles to a Model 760-03 all nine pins of each interconnecting cable can be connected in parallel (“multed”). Using this arrangement the data and 12 Vdc power signals be tween all the units will be multed. A custom cable implementation requires just four pins to be connected: pin 1 (data +), pin 6 (data –), pin 4 (DC +), and pin 9 (DC –).
To make installation simple, a “bus” cable assembly can be created using a short length of ribbon cable with one male and multiple 9-pin female D-subminiature insu­lation-displacement connectors attached. Then standard 9-pin cables can link the control consoles with the connectors on the bus cable.
Refer to the previous paragraphs of this user guide where the issues involving Model 760-03 to Model 77 cable length are discussed. Note the required current for a Model 77 is 100 mA while a Model 71 requires only 35 mA. It’s important to review this information prior to creating the interconnection scheme to be used for installing multiple Model 77 units.
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AC Mains Power
The Model 760-03 operates directly from AC mains power of 100 to 240 V, 50/60 Hz. Being a “universal input” device, there are no switches to set or jumpers to install to match a location’s mains voltage. The unit uses a 3-pin IEC 320 C14-type inlet con­nector to mate with a detachable mains cord. All units are supplied with a mains cord that has a North-American-standard plug (NEMA 5-15L) on one end and an IEC 320 C13 socket on the other. Units bound for other destinations require that the appro priate cord be used. The wire colors in the mains cord must conform to the internation­ally recognized color code and should be terminated accordingly:
Connection Wire Color Neutral (N) Light Blue Line (L) Brown Protective Earth (E) Green/Yellow
Safety Warning: The Model 760-03 does not contain an AC mains discon nect switch; the AC mains cord plug serves as the disconnection device. Safety considerations require that the plug and associated outlet be easily accessible to allow rapid disconnec­tion of AC mains power should it prove necessary.
As soon as mains power is applied the Model 760-03 will perform a power-up sequence. The two LEDs on the right side of the front panel will individually light in a rapid right-to-left test sequence. Then the LEDs will flash in cadence while the firm ware loads into the Model 760-03’s main logic device. After just a few seconds initial
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system operation will commence and the two LEDs will perform their intended func tions. Once operating data is being inter­changed with the one or more connected Model 77 or Model 71 Control Consoles the control console status LED will also light. The sync status LED will light if a valid sync source has been recognized. The sync status LED will flash if a valid sync source is not recognized.
Also upon application of mains power, all connected Model 77 units will go through
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a power-up sequence, lighting each of its LEDs in succession. Using its 4-digit dis play, each Model 77 will then momentarily display its address, its software version, and the main and logic device software versions of the associated Model 760-03.
All connected Model 71 units will also go through a power-up sequence after mains power is applied to the Model 760-03. Each of the Model 71’s three LEDs will light momentarily. After these LEDs have been lit, the device address will be shown briefly using the dim and reference level LEDs, as shown in Figure 9 in the Configuration section. When this is complete the Model 71 will begin normal operation and its status LED will light if communication is estab­lished with the Model 760-03. If the Model 71’s status LED does not light check to see if there is a device address conflict among all connected control consoles and that all cables are connected properly.
Should an error be detected during the start-up process the two LEDs on the Model 760-03’s front panel will continue to flash in cadence indefinitely. On the Model 77 units a diagnostic code may be displayed. Refer to the Technical Notes section of this user guide for details.
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Only after the Model 760-03 and all con­nected Model 77 and Model 71 units have correctly powered up will full system oper­ation begin. It’s possible that audio signals will first be present on the digital monitor outputs. The analog monitor outputs will only become active after a protection inter­val has elapsed. These outputs are muted using electro-mechanical relays that oper­ate under software control.
Configuration
After the physical installation has been completed it’s important that the system’s configuration options be carefully reviewed. In most cases one or more of the operating parameters will need to be revised to meet the needs of the specific installation. Many of the configuration parameters will impact the signal flow in to and out of the Model 760-03 Central Controller. Other param­eters affect how the one or more Model 77 Control Consoles will display status conditions and respond to user commands. Most of the configuration choices will be made using a Model 77 Control Console. However, two configuration choices are available for each of the connected Model 71 Control Consoles.
Configurable Parameters
• Post-Fader Stereo Digital and Analog Monitor Output
• Bass Management
• Mute/Solo Bass Management Mode
• Sync Source
• Sync Input Termination
• Audio-Synced-to-Video Sample Rate
• Reference Level
• Overall Display Mode
• Reference Level in dB SPL
• Auto Reference Level Off
• Dim Level
• Remote Inputs
• Surround to Stereo Downmix Levels
• Pre-Fader Surround Digital Monitor Output Mode
• Channel Pop Solo Mode Offset Levels
• Input Delay A and B
• Post-Fader Digital and Analog Monitor Output Channel Level Offsets
The configuration diagrams, located later in this section, give details on setting each parameter. An overview of each configu rable parameter is provided in the following paragraphs.
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Many StudioComm functions can be con­figured to meet the exact needs of an installation. A Model 77 Control Console is used to display and select the desired system configuration. Here’s an overview of what can be configured:
• Model 77 Device Address (must be unique for each unit!)
• Stereo Input C Sample Rate Converter
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Entering and Exiting the Configuration Mode
A small button is located on the back of each Model 77 Control Console, adjacent to its 9-pin female D-sub connector. On any connected Model 77 pressing and holding this button for two seconds places both this specific unit and the Model 760-03 into their configuration modes. Other con­nected Model 77 and Model 71 units will
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enter a standby mode. When the Model 760-03 enters its configuration mode it will immediately mute the monitor outputs as a speaker protection measure. When a Model 77 enters the configuration mode its array of buttons and LEDs no longer perform their normal functions, instead they are used to display the operating parameters and reflect configuration changes as they are made.
As a user aid, a Model 77 that has entered the configuration mode will have its mute and solo LEDs (associated with the chan­nel mute/solo section) light in an alternating manner. Other connected Model 77 units will indicate that they have entered the standby mode by simultaneously flashing their mute and solo LEDs.
To leave the configuration mode and return the system to normal operation requires one last action to be made on the Model 77 unit that’s in its configuration mode; press and hold its configure the button for two seconds. Note that configuration changes are stored in nonvolatile memory only after the configuration mode has been exited.
Our apologies to those of you who find the configuration button a pain to use, but it’s supposed to be that way! Seriously, the top of the button is slightly recessed from the back panel, making it harder to accidentally activate. We didn’t want normal operation to cease because someone pushed a Model 77 into a “rats nest” of schedules, memos from management, and empty coffee cups! But a firm press with the fleshy part of an index finger should do the trick.
There is no problem frequently “tweak ing” the system’s operating parameters to achieve the desired performance. The configuration data is stored in nonvolatile memory, which is rated for thousands of
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read and write cycles and a retention time in tens of years. Note that memory integrat ed circuits are located in the Model 760-03 Central Controller as well as the Model 77 and Model 71 Control Consoles. The in­dividual device address is stored in each Model 77. The device address and button configuration parameters are stored in the Model 71. All other configuration param­eters are stored in the Model 760-03.
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Model 77 Device Address
A unique device address must be assigned to each Model 77 that is connected to a Model 760-03. The choices are A1, A2, A3, or A4, with the default address being A1. As most installations will find only one Model 77 utilized, its default setting is appropri­ate. For installations that use a second, third, or fourth Model 77 each unit must be configured with a unique device address. Problems will occur if more than one unit has the same address! It’s important to highlight the fact that the device address is the only setting that must be done on each individual Model 77 unit. All other settings can be made on any one of the connected Model 77 units. Be sure that any selected address does not conflict with addresses to be assigned to Model 71 units.
Stereo Input C Sample Rate Converter
Circuitry associated with stereo input C can provide sample rate conversion (SRC) for digital audio signals connected to that input. The acceptable input range for sample rate conversion is very wide, but is dependent upon the output sample rate. With an out­put sample rate of 48 kHz any signal with a sample rate over a range of 8 to 216 kHz can be properly monitored by the system. This capability can be especially useful with
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signals that are not synchronized with re­spect to the others connected to the Model 760-03, even if the sample rate is identical. The only compromise is that the SRC pro­cess adds a fixed input-to-output (group) delay of approximately 1 millisecond, a value that shouldn’t impact most installa­tions. As such, it’s recommended that the sample rate converter remain enabled. However there might be special cases where this resource isn’t desired and it can be disabled.
Post-Fader Stereo Digital and Analog Monitor Outputs
In addition to the post-fader surround digi­tal and analog monitor outputs, separate post-fader stereo digital and analog moni tor outputs are also provided. By default the stereo outputs can be enabled by a user. In applications where stereo monitor loudspeakers are not connected to either of the post-fader stereo monitor outputs, the outputs can be disabled. This can minimize confusion, preventing a user from attempting to select the post-fader stereo digital and analog monitor outputs.
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Bass Management
The Model 760-03 incorporates flexible and sonically excellent bass management capabilities which can impact both the digi­tal and analog post-fader monitor outputs. It is, however, limited to functioning only at sample rates of 44.1, 48, 88.2, and 96 kHz. Five configuration parameters are used to enable or disable bass management as well as to select the characteristics of the associated audio filters. While the settings are simple to make, great care must be taken in first reviewing the entire monitor system. Only after a full understanding of
the performance of the associated sur round and, if present, stereo loudspeaker systems are determined can a plan for bass management be established.
Bass management can be enabled so that the function is active when the surround post-fader monitor outputs are enabled. It can also be independently enabled so that it can be active when the stereo post-fader monitor outputs are enabled. By default bass management for both outputs is disabled. The crossover point of the bass management filters can be selected from among four choices: 40, 50, 60, or 80 Hz. The slope of the low-pass and high-pass filters associated with bass management can be independently selected. The choic­es are 12 dB-per-octave or 24 dB-per­octave with the latter being the default.
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Mute/Solo Bass Management Mode
The Model 760-03’s mute/solo function can be configured for how it performs in appli­cations where bass management has been enabled. This is a somewhat-esoteric topic but can be important in certain situations. The default setting for the mute/solo bass management mode is for pre-bass man­agement. This means that if a channel has been selected for, as an example, soloing then the bass management filters will send any applicable low-frequency content to the post-fader digital and analog subwoof­er outputs. So in this case the solo function is really an “input channel” solo since the actual acoustical energy associated with that channel will be reproduced by both the main channel and subwoofer loudspeak­ers. So while one is “soloing” a channel (or set of channels) two or more loudspeakers may be reproducing the signals.
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The mute/solos bass management mode can also be set for post-bass manage­ment. When this mode is enabled a chan­nel selected for soloing will cause only its associated post-fader digital and analog monitor output channels to remain ac­tive. So if, for example, one of the main surround input channels (one of the “5.” channels) is selected for soloing then all post-fader output channels except that one will mute. The bass management filters will remain enabled, thus sending only the high-passed audio energy from the soloed input channel to the soloed output channel. Only if the LFE channel has been selected for soloing will the subwoofer output re­main active. Typically the only reason why the post-bass management mode would be selected is when troubleshooting issues with the loudspeaker system.
Sync Source
The Model 760-03 requires that the desig­nated external timing reference (sync) be defined. Three of the choices—word clock, DARS, and video—are associated with a signal that is connected to the sync input BNC connector. The fourth choice allows the L/R input of the currently selected sur­round or stereo digital audio input to serve as the system’s sync source.
Sync Input Termination
The sync input circuitry can be configured to terminate the signal connected to the back-panel sync input BNC connector. When termination is selected a 75 ohm load is applied to the signal. When the sync input is not terminated the input im­pedance is very high, essentially applying no load to the source. If the sync source is connected only to the Model 760-03
then enabling termination is typically appropriate. However, if the sync source is being “shared” by multiple inputs then care must be taken so that the signal is only ter­minated by one device.
Audio-Synced-to-Video Sample Rate
If a video sync signal is being used as the Model 760-03’s timing reference the sample rate of the connected digital audio signals must be specified. In most cases the de­fault value of 48 kHz will be appropriate, but rates from 32 to 192 kHz are available.
Reference Level
For audio-with-picture applications it’s often beneficial for monitoring to be done in refer­ence to a known loudspeaker level. This is often referred to as “mixing to 85 dB” on the monitors. The StudioComm for Surround system allows a precise post-fader surround digital and analog monitor output level to be stored, and then enabled by pressing the Model 77 button labeled Reference Level. Setting the reference level is very simple but care is required. Typically this will be done in reference to the surround monitor output, rather than the stereo monitor output:
1. Set up a precision sound pressure level (SPL) measuring device at the desired listening location.
2. Place the StudioComm system in the normal operating mode, not the con­figuration mode. Be certain that the dim, mute all, reference level, and downmix functions are not active. The remote mute all and remote dim functions must also not be active.
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3. Use the Model 77 Control Console to select the input source that contains the desired reference signal source, e.g., pink noise.
4. Observing the SPL meter, adjust the Model 77’s rotary level control until the desired loudspeaker system reference level has been reached.
5. Being careful not to disturb the position of the rotary level control, enter the con­figuration mode by pressing and holding the configuration button located on the Model 77’s back panel.
6. Once the configuration mode has been entered, all the monitor outputs (digital and analog) will mute. Press and hold the reference level button; its associ­ated LED will begin to flash. After five seconds the LED will light steadily to indicate that a “snapshot” of the new ref­erence level has been taken. The Model 77’s numeric display will then show the value of the new reference level. The value shown will always be a negative number as it’s always a value less than the maximum output level. The refer­ence level button can now be released.
7. To complete the process the configura­tion mode must be exited. This is per­formed by again pressing and holding the configuration button for two seconds. The new reference level is now stored in the Model 760-03’s nonvolatile memory. Only by repeating the entire procedure can the value be changed.
Once the configuration mode has been ex­ited, the digital and analog monitor outputs will again become active. Confirm that the correct level has been stored by pressing the reference level button. The SPL meter
should display the desired level. If not, repeat the calibration procedure to achieve the desired goal.
You might wonder why you have to press and hold the reference level button for five seconds before the selected value is recognized. This is provided specifically so that unauthorized users won’t accidentally change the reference level while they ex­periment with the configuration mode. Only if you know the “secret” will you be able to store a new value.
Overall Display Mode
The Model 77’s 4-digit numeric display can be configured to display the post-fader digital and analog monitor output levels in either an attenuation mode or an SPL mode. In the attenuation mode the output level is shown as a reduction in level, in dB, relative to the maximum output level. When the rotary control is used to set the output level to its maximum the display will show 0.0. As the rotary control is turned in the counterclockwise direction the display will show negative values, reaching –70.0 before the full mute function automatically mutes the monitor outputs.
In the SPL mode the display can be con figured to allow the output level to be presented to users in terms of the actual sound pressure level (SPL). It is used in conjunction with the reference level in dB SPL configuration and the stored reference level. The SPL mode allows a user to see a visual representation of the SPL level that is present in the listening environment. While it takes a little more care to correctly implement the SPL display mode, it can offer an enhanced experience for Studio­Comm users.
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Reference Level in dB SPL
The reference level in dB SPL configu­ration allows a specific SPL value to be associated with the stored reference level value. In this way whenever the post-fader digital and analog monitor outputs are at their reference level, either through activat­ing the reference level function or manu­ally adjusting the rotary level control, the Model 77’s display will show the configured SPL level. Whenever the monitor output is not at the reference value the display will show the current value, in dB, relative to the reference level. The reference level in dB SPL can be configured over a range of
70.0 to 100.0 dB in 1.0-dB steps. In many applications selecting a value of 85 would be appropriate, reflecting the widely used audio-for-picture 85 dB monitoring refer­ence level. (Typically this 85 dB is really 85 dBC, indicating that a C-weighting filter has been applied to the measurement.) Other common reference SPL values, such as 82 dB and 87 dB, are well within the al­lowable range.
Auto Reference Level Off
When auto reference level off is enabled, the function automatically turns the refer­ence level function off if a change is made to the rotary level control while the refer­ence level function is active.
Dim Level
The dim function is used to reduce the post-fader digital and analog monitor output levels by a preset amount. The reduction is in dB relative to the post-fader monitor outputs’ current level. There are four dim level values available: –10.0, –15.0, –20.0, and –25.0 dB.
Remote Mute All
Two configuration choices are associated with the remote mute all function: disabled and enabled. To utilize the remote mute all function simply requires you to select the enabled setting.
Remote Dim
Two configuration choices are associated with the remote dim function: disabled and enabled. To utilize the remote dim function simply configure it for enabled.
Input Delay
A time delay can be added to the input signals, allowing compensation for delays that may be present on associated video signals. The time delay applies to all input signals and cannot be applied selectively. A configured delay time is referenced to a sample rate of 48 kHz. In the case of input signals with a sample rate of 48 kHz the delay range is 0 to 340 milliseconds in 1-millisecond steps. For other sample rates the time must be linearly scaled. For exam­ple, for a sample rate of 96 kHz the actual time range is 0 to 170 milliseconds. In this case selecting a delay of 120 on the Model 77 will result in an actual time delay of 60 milliseconds.
For operating flexibility two different input delay values can be selected and stored during the configuration process. These can then be enabled as required by the user during normal system operation. The default value for both Delay A and Delay B is 0 milliseconds. Typical applications would require only one input delay to be config­ured. But in other cases two different, both non-zero, input delay values will be se­lected. This could be appropriate in applica­tions where multiple video display systems
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are being used in the same control room or monitoring facility. Each video display may exhibit its own processing latency and audio would need to be “lined up” accord­ingly. During normal StudioComm opera­tion a user can select the appropriate input delay for the display system currently being utilized.
Surround to Stereo Downmix Levels
The surround to stereo downmix function is a useful tool for checking the compatibility of surround (5.1) input signals with stereo and monaural playback environments. The exact technical formula for how the Model 760-03 handles the surround to stereo downmix function can be selected by way of four configurable parameters. The default settings create a good general-purpose function that’s effectively used by numerous users of Studio Technologies’ StudioComm for Surround products. But there are ap­plication-specific situations where modify­ing one or more of the parameters will be appropriate. This can be in response to a personal choice in monitoring methods or, more frequently, to meet the requirements of international broadcast standards.
When the surround to stereo downmix function is active the path from the left (L) input channel to the left post-fader output channel and the right (R) input channel to the right post-fader output channel is main­tained. A configuration choice allows the level of the L and R inputs routed to the L and R outputs to be selected. By default, when the surround to stereo downmix func­tion is active the level of the L and R inputs remain at unity, with no gain or loss applied. An alternate setting allows the level of L and R input channels to be reduced
(attenuated) by 3 dB. (The available chang es in signal level can also be notated as 0 dB or –3 dB.)
When the surround to stereo downmix function is active the left surround (LS) in­put is routed to the left (L) post-fader moni­tor outputs; the right surround (RS) input is routed to the right (R) post-fader moni­tor outputs. By default the level of the LS and RS signals routed to L and R will be reduced (attenuated) by 3 dB. An alternate setting allows the levels to be reduced by 6 dB. (These settings can also be notated as –3 dB and –6 dB.)
When the surround to stereo downmix function is active the center (C) input is routed to both the left (L) and right (R) post-fader monitor outputs. By default the level of the C signal routed to L and R will be reduced (attenuated) by 6 dB. An alter­nate setting allows the attenuation level to be 3 dB. (These levels can also be notated as –3 dB and –6 dB.)
By default, when the surround to stereo downmix function is active the LFE chan­nel associated with a surround input is fully attenuated (muted). This removes LFE content from the “downmixed” signal. In most applications this is appropriate. However, for special situations a configura­tion mode allows the LFE channel to be reduced by 6 dB and routed to both the left (L) and right (R) post-fader monitor outputs.
A last word on configuring the surround to stereo downmix function: no matter what choices are made when the function is ac­tive the center (C), left surround (LS), right surround (RS), and subwoofer (SUB) post­fader monitor outputs will fully mute.
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Pre-Fader Surround Digital Monitor Output Mode
The pre-fader surround digital monitor output can be configured as to its place in the Model 760-03’s signal flow. The choices are pre- or post-downmix. In the pre-downmix mode the digital monitor output channels will not be impacted by the state of the downmix functions. This setting would be appropriate if the pre­fader surround digital monitor outputs were being routed to a storage system, routed to another facility, etc. In this case the action of a user enabling or disabling the down­mix functions won’t impact the pre-fader surround digital monitor output signals. If the post-downmix mode is selected the pre-fader surround digital monitor outputs will reflect the actions of the downmix func­tions. This choice would be correct if, for example, level meters were connected to the pre-fader surround digital monitor out­puts. In this scenario a user would want to visually observe the actions that the down­mix functions impart on the signals.
Channel Pop Solo Mode Offset Levels
Two parameters can be configured that de­termine how the channel pop solo function will impact the output levels of the post­fader digital and analog monitor outputs. The up offset level sets the amount of increase (gain) that a channel will experi­ence when it is soloed in the channel pop solo mode. The down offset level sets the amount of decrease (attenuation) that the non-soloed channels will experience when a channel is active in the channel pop solo mode. Refer to Figure 11 for details.
Post-Fader Digital and Analog Monitor Output Level Offsets
To provide assistance during room cali­bration, the relative output levels of the post-fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor output channels can be ad­justed over a limited range. The eight chan­nels can be adjusted in 0.5-dB steps over a ±12-dB range. During configuration the displayed value represents the dB level dif­ference as compared to the nominal output level. In most cases one surround and one stereo channel should serve as the overall reference level and not be changed. This is typically the center channel for surround and the left channel for stereo. The con­figured output level offset values apply to both the digital and analog surround stereo monitor outputs. It is not possible to config­ure a specific channel’s digital and analog monitor output level offsets to independent values.
This feature is provided primarily for use when the post-fader monitor output chan­nels are connected to loudspeaker sys­tems that don’t offer a means of “trimming” the input sensitivity of individual channels. Without this capability, minor adjustments to the output level of specific loudspeakers to account for room acoustics wouldn’t be possible.
It’s also possible to use the StudioComm’s output level offset capability to adjust the overall post-fader monitor output levels to allow matching to the input sensitivity of loudspeaker systems. In this case all the channels (six for surround, two for stereo) would be configured to have the same output level offset setting. For example, the six surround channels could all be config­ured to have a –3.5 dB output level offset. However, great care must be taken when
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configuring a system in this manner. The dynamic range or noise floor of the audio signals will be impacted and extreme set­tings could lead to poor monitor system performance.
Restore Factory Defaults
The restore factory defaults function is pro­vided primarily for factory use. In this way a system can be shipped with the default settings selected. While you are welcome to use this function, be careful so that your configuration efforts aren’t wasted. Spe­cifically, be aware that the reference level is reset to minimum level. All the other parameters are fairly easy to set up, but resetting the reference level would require getting out an SPL meter and a calibrated signal source. This is a hassle you may not need!
Model 71 Control Console Configuration
Two configuration choices are available on each Model 71. One is its device address, the other is the button disable mode. A small button is located on the back of each Model 71 Control Console, adjacent to the 9-pin female D-sub connector. Pressing and holding this button for two seconds places this specific unit in its configura tion mode; normal operation of the Model 760-03 and other connected Model 71 and Model 77 units will continue. When a Model 71 enters its configuration mode its three LEDs will no longer perform their usual functions. Instead the status LED will blink to indicate that configuration mode is active. Refer to Figure 9 for details.
Device Address
The dim and reference level LEDs will display the Model 71’s current device
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Figure 9. Model 71 Control Console Front and Back Panels
address. The rotary level control is used to select the desired device address; the LEDs will respond accordingly. The device address must be selected so as not to con­flict with the device address of any other connected Model 71 or Model 77 Control Console. The choices are A1, A2, A3, and A4. All Model 71 units have a default device address of A4; Model 77’s units have a default device address of A1. This ensures that, in most cases, no change will have to be made. Refer to Figure 10 for details.
Button Disable
To disable the Model 71’s buttons, simulta neously press and hold both the dim and reference buttons for two seconds. When the disable request has been recognized the LEDs above both buttons will flash rapidly. Release the buttons and they will no longer enable or disable their normal
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Address Dim LED Reference Level LED
A1 OFF OFF
A2 OFF ON
A3 ON OFF
A4 ON ON
Figure 10. Model 71 Device Address Chart
functions. To return the buttons to normal operation simultaneously press and hold both buttons for two seconds at which time the two LEDs will flash rapidly.
To leave the configuration mode and return a Model 71 to normal operation requires one last action: again press and hold its configuration button for two seconds. The selected configuration parameters will be stored in a nonvolatile memory device that is located inside this specific Model 71.
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Configuration—Entering and Exiting Configuration Mode
Press and hold the configuration
button for 2 seconds to enter or exit the configuration mode.
These LEDs will light alternately when configuration mode is active.
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Configuration—Model 77 Device Address, Stereo Input C Sample Rate Converter, and Post-Fader Stereo Monitor Output
Press and hold the Mute/Solo button to display and configure the
Model 77’s device address, stereo input C sample rate converter, and post-fader stereo monitor output.
This LED displays the configuration of the
stereo input C sample rate converter
(SRC). LED not lit means SRC is disabled; LED lit means SRC enabled. Use the button to change the configuration.
These LEDs display the status of the post-fader stereo monitor output function. When LED Surround is lit the function cannot be enabled. When LED Stereo is lit the function can be enabled. Use the button to change the configuration.
Default: Device address A1. Stereo input C sample rate converter enabled. Post-fader stereo monitor output can be enabled.
Note: The Model 77’s device address is the only parameter stored in the Model 77. All other parameters are stored in the Model 760-03
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Use the Level control to change this specific Model 77’s device address. Address can be either A1, A2, A3, or A4. See Note below.
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Configuration—Bass Management and Mute/Solo Bass Management Mode
Use these buttons to select
bass manage ment low-pass filter slope.
LED Surround A lit means 24 dB-per-octave; LED Surround B lit means 12 dB-per-octave.
Use these buttons to select
bass manage­ment high-pass filter slope.
LED Stereo A lit means 24 dB-per-octave; LED Stereo B lit means 12 dB-per-octave.
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This LED displays the configuration of the surround output bass management. LED lit means surround output bass management enabled; LED not lit means surround output bass management disabled. Use the button to change the configuration. See Note below.
This LED displays the configuration of the stereo output bass management. LED lit means stereo output bass management enabled; LED not lit means stereo output bass management disabled. Use the button to change the configuration. See Note below.
This LED displays the configuration of the mute/solo
bass manage­ment mode. LED
lit means mute/ solo functions occur post-bass management; LED not lit means mute/solo func­tions occur pre­bass management. Use the button to change the configuration.
Press and hold the Stereo C button to display and configure the bass
management and mute/solo bass management mode settings.
Default: Surround output bass management disabled. Stereo output bass management disabled. Bass management low-pass filter slope 24 dB-per-octave. Bass management high-pass filter slope 24 dB-per-octave.
Bass management crossover frequency 80 Hz. Mute/solo pre-bass management mode.
Note: Bass management capability only available at sample rates of 44.1, 48, 88.2, and 96 kHz.
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Use the Level control to select the
bass management crossover frequency. Choices are 40, 50,
60, or 80 Hz.
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Configuration—Sync Source, Sync Input Termination, and Audio-Synced-to-Video Sample Rate
This LED displays the configuration of the sync input termination. LED not lit means sync input is not terminated; LED lit means termi­nated with 75 ohms. Use the button to change the configuration.
Press and hold
Use these buttons to select the sync source. LED Surround B lit means sync input, video; LED Stereo A lit means sync input, DARS; LED Stereo B lit means sync input, word clock; LED Stereo C lit means L/R of currently selected input.
the Stereo to Mono but ton to display and select the sync source, sync input termination, and audio-synced­to-video-sample rate.
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Use the level control to adjust the audio- synced-to-video sample rate. Available sample rates are 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96,
176.4, and 192 kHz.
Default: Sync source is L/R of currently selected input. Sync input terminated. Audio-synced-to-video sample rate 48 kHz.
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Configuration—Reference Level
Press and hold the Reference Level button for 5 seconds to take a “snapshot”
of the level control’s setting at the time configuration mode was entered. The Reference Level LED will flash when the button is initially pressed and then light steadily when the “snapshot” has been taken. See Note below.
Default: Reference level set for –60.0 dB post-fader monitor output level.
Note: The 5-second button-press delay is a safety feature ensuring that the reference level will not be accidently
changed. To permanently store the new value, you must still exit the configuration mode.
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Configuration—Overall Display Mode, Reference Level in dB SPL, and Auto Reference Level Off
When the Mute All button is pressed, use the Channel Mute/Solo L and R buttons to select the overall display mode. LED L lit means attenuation mode is selected; LED R lit means SPL mode is selected. Use the buttons to change the configuration.
When the Mute All button is pressed, use the Reference Level button to enable or disable
reference level off. When the
Reference Level LED is lit auto reference level off is enabled.
auto
Press and hold the Mute All button to
display and set the overall display mode, the reference level in dB SPL, and auto reference level off.
Default: Attenuation display mode selected.
85.0 dB SPL reference level. Auto ref level off disabled.
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When the Mute All button is pressed, use the Level control to adjust the
reference level in dB SPL
.
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Configuration—Dim Level, Remote Mute All, and Remote Dim
This LED displays the configuration of remote mute all. LED not lit means remote mute all is disabled; LED lit means enabled. Use the button to change the configuration.
Use these buttons to select dim level. LED Surround B lit means –10 dB; LED Stereo A lit means –15 dB; LED Stereo B lit means –20 dB; LED Stereo C lit means –25 dB.
This LED displays the configuration of remote dim. LED not lit means remote dim is disabled; LED lit means enabled. Use the button to change the configuration.
Press and hold the Dim button to
display and select the dim level, remote mute all, and remote dim.
Default: –20 dB dim level. Remote mute all enabled. Remote dim enabled.
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Configuration—Surround to Stereo Downmix Levels and Pre-Fader Surround Monitor Output Mode
These LEDs display the configuration of the pre-fader surround monitor output mode. LED L lit means output channels are pre-downmix; LED R lit means output channels are post-downmix. Use the buttons to change the configuration.
Use these buttons to select the level change for the left and right channels when the surround
to stereo downmix function is active.
LED Surround A lit means 0 dB; LED Surround B lit means –3 dB.
Use these buttons to select the level change for the left surround and right surround channels when the surround
to stereo downmix function is active.
LED Stereo A lit means –3 dB; LED Stereo B lit means –6 dB.
Use this button to select the level change for the LFE channel when the surround to stereo downmix function is active. LED not lit means full attenuation; LED lit means –6 dB.
Use these buttons to select the level change for the center channel when the
surround to stereo down­mix function is active.
LED LS lit means –3 dB; LED RS lit means –6 dB.
Press and hold the Surround to Stereo button to display and confirm the surround to stereo downmix levels and pre­fader surround monitor output mode.
Default: L and R channel level change 0 dB when surround to stereo downmix function active. LS and RS channel level change –3 dB when surround to stereo downmix function active. C channel level change –6 dB when surround to stereo downmix function active. LFE level change full attenuation when surround to stereo downmix function active. Pre-fader surround monitor outputs pre-downmix.
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Configuration—Channel Pop Solo Mode Offset Levels
Press and hold the Surround A button to display and select the channel pop solo up offset level.
Press and hold the Surround B button to display and select the channel pop solo down offset level.
Default: 6.0 dB channel pop solo up offset level. –6.0 dB channel pop solo down offset level.
When the Surround A button is pressed, use the level control to adjust the channel pop solo up offset level. The range is 0.0 to 12.0 in 0.5-dB steps.
When the Surround B button is pressed, use the level control to adjust the channel pop solo down offset level. The range is –0.0 to –12.0 in 0.5-dB steps and full mute. Full mute is selected by adjusting the level control past –12.0, at which point the display will show – – – –.
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Configuration—Input Delay Settings
Press and hold the Stereo A button to display and select input delay A.
Press and hold the Stereo B button to display and select input delay B.
Default: Input delay 0 ms for both A and B.
Use the level control to adjust the input delay. Range is from 0 to 340. The display shows delay in milliseconds at 48 kHz sampling rate. The value is scaled up or down for other sample rates.
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Configuration—Post-Fader Monitor Output Level Offsets
Press and hold the L button to configure the surround L level offset.
Press and hold both the L and Surround/ Stereo buttons to configure the stereo L level offset. Press and hold both the R and Surround/Stereo buttons to configure the stereo R level offset.
Press and hold the R button to configure the surround R level offset.
Press and hold the C button to configure the surround C level offset.
Press and hold the LFE button to configure the surround SUB level offset.
Press and hold the LS button to configure the surround LS level offset.
Press and hold the RS button to configure the surround RS level offset.
Use the level control to adjust the post-fader monitor output level offsets. The range is –12.0 to 12.0 in 0.5-dB steps.
Default: 0.0 dB post-fader surround monitor output level offsets.
0.0 dB post-fader stereo monitor output level offsets.
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Configuration—Restore Factory Defaults
Press and hold both the Surround/Stereo and Dim buttons for 5 seconds
to restore Model 77 factory defaults. Once defaults have been restored, the associated LEDs will light. After the buttons are released, configuration mode will be exited and normal operation will resume. See Note below.
Factory Defaults: Device address A1. Stereo input C sample rate converter enabled. Post-fader stereo monitor outputs can be enabled. Surround output bass management disabled. Stereo output bass management disabled. Bass management low-pass filter slope 24 dB-per-octave. Bass management high-pass filter slope 24 dB-per-octave. Bass management crossover frequency 80 Hz. Mute/solo pre-bass management mode. Sync source is L/R of currently selected input. Sync input terminated. Audio-synced-to-video sample rate 48 kHz. Reference level set for –60.0 dB post-fader monitor output level. Attenuation display mode selected.
85.0 dB SPL reference level. Auto reference level off disabled. –20 dB dim level.
Warning: Each Model 77 unit must have a unique address. Restoring factory defaults will reset only this specific Model 77 to device address A1. If another connected unit is already configured for address A1, normal system operation will stop. Note: The 5-second button-press delay is a safety feature ensuring that the factory defaults will not be accidently restored.
Remote mute all enabled. Remote dim enabled. L and R channel level change 0 dB when surround to stereo downmix function active. LS and RS channel level change –3 dB when surround to stereo downmix function active. C channel level change –6 dB when surround to stereo downmix function active. LFE level change full attenuation when surround to stereo downmix function active. Pre-fader surround monitor outputs pre-downmix.
6.0 dB channel pop solo up offset level. –6.0 dB channel pop solo down offset level. Input delay 0 ms for both A and B.
0.0 dB post-fader surround monitor output level offsets.
0.0 dB post-fader stereo monitor output level offsets.
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Operation

Now that you’ve installed and configured the system, you’re ready to go. You should find operation very easy. However, taking time to study this section of the user guide may prove valuable.
Upon AC mains power up the system will return to the last operating condition, including the selected source, downmix modes, etc. As a precaution, however, the post-fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor output levels will always return to their minimum value. The rotary level control or the reference level button must then be used to return the system to the desired monitor output level.
Model 760-03 Central
or Model 71 Control Consoles that have been connected. Two system functions can also be controlled by means of the remote control inputs.
Model 77 Control Console
To make things easy to describe, the Mod­el 77’s operator functions are divided into six main groups: input source selection, downmix, monitor output general functions, channel mute/solo, display and display mode, and remote control inputs.
Any change made to any one Model 77 unit will be reflected in the LEDs and dis­plays on all the connected units. Note that all control consoles function simultane­ously—there is no priority of one unit over the others.
Controller
The Model 760-03’s front panel contains two LEDs. The control console status LED will light whenever the Model 760-03 is communicating with the one or more connected Model 77 or Model 71 units. A flashing control console status LED will in­dicate that the DC power output supporting the control consoles is in a short circuit or over-current condition. The control console status LED will not light when a Model 77 is in the configuration mode or when the Model 77 is going through its power-up sequence.
The sync status LED will light whenever a valid timing reference signal is being received by the Model 760-03. A flashing sync status LED indicates that a valid sync signal is not being received.
Control Consoles
StudioComm for Surround operation is controlled using the up to four Model 77
Input Source Selection
To select an input source press one of the five input source buttons. The correspond­ing LED will light to indicate that the input has been selected. Typically, only one source will be selected for monitoring at any one time. However, input stereo C can be selected by itself, or mixed (summed) with one of the other four inputs. To accom­plish this is easy: simply press and hold input stereo C then press the button asso ciated with the other desired input source. The two corresponding LEDs will light. Alternately, press and hold the first desired input (other than input stereo C) and then press the input stereo C button.
It’s possible (although unlikely) that se­lecting an input will result in the mute all function being enabled and an Err3 mes­sage being displayed. This would indicate a conflict between the sample rate of the selected input source and the bass man­agement function. (Operation of the bass
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management function requires the source to have a sample rate of 44.1, 48, 88.2, or 96 kHz.) Selecting a source with a sample rate of 44.1, 48, 88.2, or 96 kHz will re­solve the issue and normal operation will resume. Refer to the Technical Notes sec­tion of this user guide for additional details.
Downmix
Two downmix functions allow users to per­form “real-world” audio format compatibility checks. One function allows a surround (5.1) signal to be “folded down” (mixed) to stereo. The other allows a stereo signal to be converted to mono. Using the downmix functions simply requires pressing the de­sired button. The buttons are set to always “latch” the functions on and off. An LED is located adjacent to each button and lights whenever its respective function is active. The downmix functions always impact the post-fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor outputs. And, depending on the selected configuration, they may also impact the pre-fader surround digital moni­tor output.
exact actions performed by the downmix functions refer to Appendix C at the end of this user guide.
Surround to Stereo
When the surround to stereo downmix function is enabled the LS, RS, and C channels associated with a surround source are combined (“folded down”) with the L and R signals to create a 2-channel stereo (left and right) signal. And, depend­ing on the system’s configuration, the LFE channel may also be combined with the L and R signals. The resulting stereo sig­nal, sometimes known as LtRt, is routed to the L and R post-fader surround digi­tal and analog monitor output channels. Also, whenever the surround to stereo downmix function is enabled the C, LS, RS, and SUB digital and analog monitor output channels are muted. By utilizing this downmix function phase relationships and inter-channel level issues can be quickly observed.
Stereo to Mono
A specific downmix function can only be enabled when it is applicable for the cur­rently selected input source. This means that the surround to stereo downmix func­tion can only be enabled when surround input A or B is selected.
The Model 77 associates the state of the downmix functions with the currently se­lected input. For example, if surround input A is the selected input source and the sur­round to stereo downmix function is en­abled, this condition will be “remembered” when switching to one of the stereo input sources. Upon returning to surround input A, the surround to stereo downmix function will again become active. For details on the
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The stereo to mono downmix function combines the L and R audio channels to create a single-channel monaural signal. This signal is sent out the C surround digital and analog monitor output channels while the L, R, LS, RS, and SUB digital and analog monitor output channels are muted.
When a surround source has been select­ed for monitoring, the surround to stereo downmix function will automatically enable whenever the stereo to mono downmix function is enabled. This ensures that a user will hear a mono signal created by folding down all channels associated with the selected surround input.
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Monitor Output General Functions
Four buttons and one rotary control are associated with the post-fader digital and analog surround and stereo monitor output functions. The buttons control operation of the surround and stereo outputs, reference level, mute all, and dim functions. The rota­ry level control is used to manually set the post-fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor output levels. These but­tons and the rotary control do not impact the pre-fader surround and stereo input C direct digital monitor outputs.
Surround and Stereo Digital and Analog Outputs
The surround/stereo function allows se­lection between two different loudspeaker systems. When the surround output is selected the six post-fader surround chan­nels associated with both the digital and analog monitor outputs are active. The channels associated with the post-fader digital and analog stereo monitor outputs are muted. When the stereo output is selected the left (L) and right (R) channels associated with both the post-fader digital and analog stereo monitor outputs become active; the six channels associated with the post-fader surround digital and analog monitor outputs mute.
Remember that the Model 77 Control Console can be configured to disable the surround/stereo button. If the button is pressed and the post-fader stereo monitor outputs are not selected, this must be the case!
Display Current Sample Rate
The surround/stereo monitor output select button is also used to display the system’s
current sample rate value. Pressing and holding the surround/stereo button will cause the current sample rate value to be displayed: 32.0, 44.1, 48.0, 88.2, 96.0,
176.4, or 192.0. This can be useful during troubleshooting or just for general interest. Once the button is released normal display operation will resume.
Reference Level
The reference level button sets the post­fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor output levels to a preset value. Technical personnel, using a sound­pressure-level (SPL) meter and precision signal source, should have set this level to meet the requirements of the specific monitoring environment. The LED associ
­ated with the reference level button will light whenever the function is active. The 4-digit display will indicate the reference output level. Note that the system’s default reference level is –60.0 dB so “out of the box” the Model 77 will display –60.0 when reference level mode is enabled.
How the rotary level control functions whenever the reference level mode is ac­tive depends on a configuration setting. If the auto reference level off function is disabled turning the rotary level control will have no impact on the reference level func­tion; it will remain active. If the auto refer­ence level off function has been enabled turning the rotary level control will cause the reference level function to automati­cally turn off.
The LED associated with the reference level button can also serve as a calibra­tion aid. If the reference level mode is not active, whenever the post-fader surround or stereo digital and analog monitor out­put levels are precisely the same as that
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stored for the reference value the reference level LED will flash. This exact level can be reached through the use of the rotary level control, either by itself or through the setting of the rotary level control in conjunction with the dim function. Whatever path the post­fader surround and stereo monitor outputs take to reach the reference level value, it will cause the reference level LED to flash!
Mute All
Pressing the mute all button causes the out­put channels associated with the post-fader surround and stereo monitor outputs to mute. The 4-digit display indicates the mute condition by showing four dashes (– – – –). The mute all button is always set to “latch” the function on and off. The LED associated with the mute all button will light whenever mute all is active. Note that if mute all is en­abled via the remote mute all function, the mute all LED will flash.
Dim
The dim function is provided for user con­venience, allowing the post-fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor output levels to be reduced by a fixed amount. The Model 77’s configuration mode allows the dim level to be selected from among four choices: –10.0, –15.0, –20.0, or –25.0 dB. Pressing the dim button will enable the func­tion. The dim button is always set to “latch” the function on and off. The 4-digit display, when selected for output level mode, will indicate the revised post-fader monitor out­put level. If the requested “dimmed” output level is equal to or less than –96.0 dB, the monitor outputs will go into full mute and the display will show four dashes (– – – –). When dim is active the post-fader monitor output level reduction will apply no matter whether the level is being set by the rotary level control or by the reference level button.
The LED associated with the dim button will light whenever dim is active. If dim mode is enabled via the remote dim function the dim LED will flash.
It’s worth using a few sentences to dis
­cuss the auto dim off function. Whenever dim is enabled due to the dim button be­ing pressed, and the rotary level control is active (reference level mode is not active), changing the setting of the rotary level control will automatically turn off dim. The auto dim off function is a unique attempt at protecting the aural health of users. No longer will there be a heart-stopping blast of audio when the dim button is pressed, sup­posedly to enable dim, but actually turning dim off because it was already enabled. It’s hard to explain unless you’ve experienced this in person—trust us, this situation can and does happen!
Note that the auto dim off function is not active whenever dim is enabled due to the remote dim function being active. This al­lows remote control equipment, such as a talkback system, to reliably dim the monitor outputs.
Rotary Level Control
The rotary level control is used to manually adjust the post-fader surround and stereo monitor output levels. The level control pro
­vides the ability to adjust the post-fader sur­round and stereo digital and analog monitor output levels over a 70-dB range. Technical­ly the rotary level control is a 24-step-per­revolution mechanical encoder. The amount of level change in dB per step (“click”) will depend on how quickly the control is turned. When rotated slowly, each step represents a 0.5-dB change in level. In this case, to traverse the entire level range would require rotating the control more than five full turns. But the Model 77’s software detects when
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the control is rotated more quickly and increases the amount of level change in dB per step. A little experimentation will allow the user to acquire a good “feel” for how best to use the control.
The reference level LED will flash when the rotary level control sets the post-fader moni­tor output level to be the same as the stored reference level. Whenever the rotary level control attempts to set the output level for less than –70.0 dB, the post-fader surround and stereo monitor output channels will au­tomatically mute. As previously discussed, the 4-digit display indicates the mute condi
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tion by showing four dashes (– – – –).
If the mute all function is active the rotary level control won’t have an impact on the post-fader surround and stereo output lev­els. It’s also not active whenever the refer­ence level function is active, except if the auto reference level off function has been enabled.
Channel Mute/Solo
The channel mute/solo functions allow spe­cific channels to be selected for individual or group mute or “solo” monitoring. The functions impact the post-fader surround and stereo monitor outputs, taking place electrically “after” the input source selection, input delay, downmix, and level control func­tions. The relationship between the mute/ solo function and the bass management resources will depend on how the system has been configured.
The mute/solo mode button and the six channel mute/solo buttons, along with as­sociated LEDs, work together to provide excellent operating flexibility. The channel mute/solo mode button allows the user to select between the mute and solo functions. Going from mute mode to solo mode, or
vice-versa, clears all active mutes or solos. Pressing the mode button twice is a legitimate means of quickly clearing muted or soloed channels. To mute or solo a channel simply requires pressing one of the channel mute/solo buttons. The buttons function in a press-to-enable/press-to-dis
­able “latching” mode. Multiple channels can be muted or soloed at the same time. The LED associated with any muted or soloed channels is used to indicate that the func­tion is active.
In most cases the mute/solo function will be configured to act in a pre-bass manage­ment signal flow, creating an “input” mute/ solo function. In this case soloing one chan­nel when bass management is enabled will result in audio content being reproduced in both the soloed channel as well as the subwoofer post-fader monitor output chan­nels. Should the function be configured for post-bass management mode soloing a channel will result in only that specific moni­tor output channel reproducing the audio content.
Selecting the Solo Mode
As previously discussed in this user guide, solo operation can be selected between normal and channel pop. When the nor­mal solo mode has been enabled the solo LED will light steadily. When the channel pop solo mode is enabled the solo LED will flash. It’s easy to change from normal to pop solo, and vice-versa. Simply press and hold the mode button and use the surround to stereo button to select the desired solo mode. The LED associated with the sur­round to stereo button displays the active mode. Refer to Figure 11 for details. The selected mode will be stored in non-volatile memory so a power-down/power-up cycle will not change the selection.
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During normal operation, press and hold the Mute/Solo button to view and change the solo mode and input delay settings.
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This LED displays the current setting of the solo mode. LED not lit means normal; LED lit means channel pop. Press the button to change the mode.
This LED displays the current setting of the input delay. LED not lit means input delay A is selected; LED lit means input delay B is selected. Press the button to change the setting.
Figure 11. Solo mode and input delay settings
Input Delay
Two input delay settings, A and B, can be selected and saved during system configu­ration. These are provided for aligning the audio input signals with latencies associ­ated with video processing and display systems. During normal operation of the StudioComm system the active input de­lay, A or B, can be selected. The channel mute/solo button, stereo to mono button, and 4-digit display are used to display and select the input delay. When the mute/solo button is pressed and held the LED associ­ated with the stereo to mono button indi­cates whether input delay A or input delay B is active. The 4-digit display will show the active delay time in milliseconds. While pressing and holding the mute/solo button the stereo to mono button can be pressed to change the selected input delay. Refer to Figure 11 for details. The selected input
The display shows the currently selected input delay in milliseconds.
delay will be stored in non-volatile memory so a power-down/power-up cycle will not change the selection.
Display and Display Mode
The Model 77’s 4-digit LED display shows the post-fader surround and stereo digital and analog monitor output levels as either the amount of attenuation or the sound pressure level (SPL). Both will indicate level in dB. What the digits actually repre­sent will depend upon how the Model 77 has been configured.
Display in dB of Attenuation
If configured for the attenuation mode the display will show the post-fader moni tor output level as an attenuation value in reference to the maximum output. This is in the form of 0.5-dB steps less than the maximum of 0.0 dB. So a display of –40.5
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would indicate that the surround or stereo monitor output is set to be 40.5 dB below the maximum level. As the rotary level con­trol is moved counterclockwise the output level will go down and the indicated value will get more negative.
Display in dB SPL
If the Model 77 is configured to display the post-fader digital and analog monitor out
­put level in dB SPL, the 4-digit display will always show the output level in positive numbers. These numbers are intended to represent the sound pressure level in dB SPL, a figure that should directly relate to the actual sound pressure level that the sur­round or stereo loudspeaker system is pre­senting to users. (Typically, the level value would actually be in dBC, the C-weighted sound pressure level.) When the reference level button is enabled, or the rotary level control is set so that the reference level has been reached, the display will typically show something in the range of 82 to 87 dB. Assuming that the monitoring environment has been correctly calibrated, this would indicate that an average listening level of 85 dB, for example, had been achieved.
Channel Pop Solo Display
As has been previously discussed, the channel pop solo mode offers a unique way of sonically highlighting an individual chan­nel. A channel selected for soloing in this mode will have its level increased while the other non-soloed channels will be reduced in level. To highlight this condition the let­ters POP will appear in the 4-digit display whenever a channel is actively being soloed in the channel pop solo mode. This ensures that a user will understand that the post-fad­er monitor outputs no longer represent the true inter-channel level relationships.
Remote Control Inputs
As previously discussed in the Installa­tion section of this user guide, two remote control signals can be connected to the Model 760-03 and then configured for operation. The functions are remote mute all and remote dim. When an external signal activates remote mute all the LED on the Model 77 associated with the mute all button will flash. If mute all was already active when the remote mute all function is activated, the LED will change from being steadily lit to flashing.
When an external signal activates remote dim the LED on the Model 77 associated with the dim button will flash. If dim was al­ready active when remote dim is activated, the LED will change from being steadily lit to flashing.
Model 71 Control Console
The Model 71 Control Console provides a rotary level control and a limited number of pushbutton switches and LEDs for control and status display. The rotary level control allows adjustment of the post-fader sur­round and stereo monitor output levels. Two buttons, along with associated LEDs, provide access to the dim and reference level functions. A status LED lights steadily whenever normal Model 71 operation is taking place.
Any changes made using the Model 71’s rotary level control and buttons will be reflected in the appropriate LEDs and dis plays on all the connected Model 77 and Model 71 units. And, as expected, changes made using a Model 77 will be reflected in the Model 71’s LEDs.
In some applications it may be desirable to disable operation of a Model 71’s dim and
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reference buttons. An example could be where non-technical personnel are allowed only to use the rotary level control. A con­figuration parameter, previously described in the Model 71 Control Console Configu­ration section, allows button operation to be disabled.
Rotary Level Control
The rotary level control is used to manually adjust the post-fader surround and stereo monitor output levels. Its operating charac teristics are identical to those of the Model 77 Control Console, discussed earlier in this section.
Dim
The dim function allows the post-fader sur­round and stereo monitor output levels to be reduced by a fixed amount. Its operat­ing characteristics are identical to those of the Model 77 Control Console, discussed earlier in this section.
An indication is provided should the dim button be pressed when button operation has been disabled. Its associated LED will flash briefly but no operating change will occur. The LED will continue to display the status of the dim function as selected by other Model 77 and Model 71 units.
Reference Level
The reference level button sets the post­fader surround and stereo monitor output levels to their preset values. The operat ing characteristics are identical to those of the Model 77 Control Console, discussed earlier in this section.
An indication is provided should the ref­erence button be pressed when button operation has been disabled. The associ ated LED will flash briefly but no operating
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change will occur. The LED will continue to display the status of the reference level function as selected by other Model 77 and Model 71 units.

Technical Notes

Loss of Sync
The Model 760-03 relies on an external tim­ing reference (sync) source for proper op­eration. This can be in the form of an AES3, word clock, DARS (AES11), bi-level video, or tri-level video reference signal. In most cases the sync signal will be connected to the sync input BNC connector located on the Model 760-03’s back panel. Alternately, a configuration choice allows the L/R input of the AES3 source currently selected for monitoring to also serve as the system’s timing reference. Whenever a valid sync signal has been connected to the Model 760-03 the sync status LED, located on the unit’s front panel, will light. The sample rate of the monitor output channels will reflect the rate of the sync input and, if a video sync source is utilized, the configured rate.
If a valid sync signal is not present several visual indications are provided. On the Mod­el 760-03 the sync status LED will flash. On all connected Model 77 Control Consoles the 4-digit LED display will cease normal operation, instead alternating between the words no and sync. When a valid sync signal is again connected the Model 760­03’s sync status LED will light steadily. On the Model 77 units the word sync will mo­mentarily be displayed followed by a brief display of the monitor output sample rate. The sample rate will display as 32.0, 44.1,
48.0, 88.2, 96.0, 176.4, or 192.0, reflecting the impact of the sync source rate and the Model 760-03’s configuration.
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If during normal operation the sync source changes from one valid rate to another a visual indication is provided. On the Model 77 units the new sample rate—32.0, 44.1,
48.0, 88.2, 96.0, 176.4, or 192.0—will mo­mentarily be displayed.
Any time that a valid sync signal is not connected to the Model 760-03 the digital monitor output will automatically revert to an internally generated sample rate of 48 kHz with no digital audio content pres­ent. This audio “black” signal will allow most connected equipment to continue to func­tion correctly, of course with no meaningful audio signal present. As soon as a valid sync signal is again connected to the Model 760-03 the monitor outputs will automati­cally switch to their correct sample rate and audio signals will again be present.
Power Down
Great care was taken in the Model 760-03’s design to minimize the chance that clicks, pops, or other objectionable audio signals will be present on the post-fader digital and analog monitor outputs. A power-down circuit supplies the main microcontroller integrated circuit with an indication that a power loss is imminent. When this condi­tion is detected the digital monitor outputs will switch to silence (digital audio “black”) in preparation for a complete loss of signal. Electromechanical relays associated with the analog monitor outputs will change to their mute state to minimize the chance of signal transients reaching the connected loudspeaker inputs.
Power-Up Messages
Upon mains power being applied to the Model 760-03 all connected Model 77 units will go through a power-up sequence.
The sequence starts by each of the indi vidual LEDs lighting in a “walk-through” sequence. Then the 4-digit display tests all its LED segments. Finally, a set of mes­sages provide details on the specific Model 77 and connected Model 760-03 software versions:
1. Displays 77
2. Displays Model 77’s software version
3. Displays Model 77’s unit address (A1, A2, A3, or A4)
4. Displays 760
5. Displays Model 760-03’s main software version
6. Displays FPgA
7. Displays Model 760-03’s logic device (FPGA) software version
After a successful system power-up sequence normal operation will then commence.
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Error Codes Err1 and Err2
Should a problem be encountered during power up one of two error codes may show on the Model 77’s 4-digit display. If Err1 displays it indicates that communication is not taking place with the Model 760-03. The most likely cause would be incor­rect wiring of the data pair linking the two units. Err2 indicates that the Model 760-03 is having problems with its internal logic device. (A high-speed field-programmable gate array (FPGA) serves as the digital “heart” of the Model 760-03 and without it no audio activity can occur.) The only way to remedy this condition is to first try removing and reconnecting mains power. (And that’s a long-shot as to whether it would accomplish anything.) If the error
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code continues to be displayed the Model 760-03 must be returned to the factory for service. Note that for the vast majority of StudioComm systems neither of these error codes, especially Err2, will ever appear.
Error Code Err3
As previously discussed in this user guide, the bass management function only sup­ports input signals whose sample rate is
44.1, 48, 88.2, or 96 kHz. If during normal operation this condition is not met, it’s pos­sible that Err3 will display and the mute all function will be automatically enabled. This will occur if the bass management func­tion is configured to be enabled for either or both the surround and stereo post-fader monitor outputs and an input with a non­compatible sample rate has been selected. In this scenario, selecting a different input with a sample rate of 44.1, 48, 88.2, or 96 kHz will return the system to normal operation.
Sample Rate Conversion (SRC)
Circuitry associated with stereo input C can provide sample rate conversion (SRC) capability. A digital audio signal connected to that input can have its sample rate and timing re-synchronized to match the Model 760-03’s internal timing. While it would be nice to proclaim that the engineers at Studio Technologies came up with a unique and exotic circuit to perform this function it’s really not the case. Several semiconductor companies provide “single-chip” SRC solu­tions and an excellent one from AKM was selected for the Model 760-03. The techni­cal capabilities of the Model 760-03’s SRC function is stated in this way: the sample rate of an input signal can range from 1/6 to six times the Model 760-03’s output
sample rate, with the additional restriction that it must be no less than 8 kHz and no more than 216 kHz. The Model 760-03’s output sample rate is determined by the selected timing reference (sync) signal and, if required, a configured value. If a word clock, DARS (AES11), or AES3 signal is the designated sync source its rate will be the Model 760-03’s output sample rate. If a video sync signal is connected, the Model 760-03’s sample rate is selected as part of the configuration process.
So in practice what can the SRC function accomplish? If the output sample rate is 48 kHz then a signal connected to stereo input C can have a sample rate from 8 to 216 kHz. Or, as another example, if the Model 760-03’s output sample rate is 96 kHz a signal connected to stereo input C can have its sample rate range from 16 to 216 kHz.
As useful as allowing one disparate sample rate to be converted to another, it may be the ability of the Model 760-03’s SRC func­tion to re-synchronize a signal that proves most valuable. For example, in typical post­production and broadcast applications all signals will have a sample rate of 48 kHz. A Model 760-03 and all of its normally con­nected input signals will be “locked” to the main timing reference signal that supports the 48 kHz sampling rate. But, as an exam­ple, a signal associated with a portable de­vice, while at a 48 kHz sampling rate, may not be synchronized (“genlocked”) to the “house” reference. Connecting this signal to stereo input C will cause the SRC func­tion to “lock” it to the Model 760-03’s rate, thus allowing it to be monitored over a loudspeaker system. In addition, the ste­reo input C direct monitor output can be connected to other devices that find need for the now-synchronized signal. In
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some cases it may be useful to connect the stereo input C direct monitor output to the input of a signal router, allowing an entire facility to access the signal.
Model 760-03 to Control Console Connections
Figure 8 gives a detailed description of the signals that connect the Model 760­03 Central Controller to the one or more Model 77 or Model 71 Control Consoles. The Model 760-03 provides 12 Vdc for use by the control console’s circuitry. The DC output is current-limited to minimize the chance that a short-circuit condition will damage the Model 760-03’s circuitry. An asynchronous, bi-directional data interface links the connected units. The RS-485 hardware connection scheme operates at a rate of 115.2 kbit/s and uses an 8-N-1 data format. The Model 760-03 communi­cates with each Model 77 and Model 71 unit 20 times per second, receiving button and rotary level control information and sending LED and 4-digit display status data.
again connected. The control consoles will go through their standard power-up sequence and then normal operation will resume.
Channel Status, User, and Validity Bits
The non-audio bits that are part of the AES3 digital audio monitor output channel data are actively controlled by the Model 760-03’s software. The Channel Status bits use the Professional Use of Channel Status block. They indicate a word length of 24 and the current sample rate. The cor­rect CRC is also calculated and inserted. The User bits are always set to 0. When a valid timing reference (sync) source is recognized by the system the Validity bits will be set to 1.
The Model 760-03’s hardware is capable of routing the C/U/V bit information from any of the L/R inputs, as well as the sync input, to the main logic device (FPGA) and then on to the digital audio transmitter (DIT) integrated circuits. This is provided for future use and is not active at this time.
“Hot” Disconnection of Control Consoles
There’s no problem relocating one or more Model 77 or Model 71 Control Consoles while the StudioComm system is operat­ing. You can disconnect the 9-pin intercon­necting cable, move the unit (or units), and then reconnect without issue. Upon discon­nection of all control consoles the Model 760-03 Central Controller will mute the internal digital audio channels as well as saving the current operating parameters. No clicks, pops, or other noises will occur when the Model 77 or Model 71 units are
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Specifications
Model 760-03 Central Controller
General Audio: Supported Sample Rates: 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96,
176.4, and 192 kHz
Word Length: 24 bits maximum
Internal Processing: 32 bits
Input-to-Output Latency: two samples (e.g., 0.042
milliseconds @ 48 kHz sample rate)
Digital Audio Inputs: 5 (18 audio channels) Configuration: two surround (5.1) and three stereo
Type: balanced AES3 (110 ohms, 5 Vpp)
Connector—Surround Inputs and Stereo Inputs A & B: 25-pin female D-subminiature (DB-25F),
AES59-2012-compliant
Connector—Stereo Input C: 3-pin female XLR
Sample Rate Conversion (SRC): Application: available on Stereo Input C
Input Sample Rate Range: 8 to 216 kHz, limited to
1/6 to 6 times the output sample rate
Latency: 1 millisecond, nominal
Sync Source: configured to follow L/R of currently
selected input or signal connected to sync input
Sync Input: Compatible Sources: word clock, DARS (AES11),
bi-level video, tri-level video
Jitter: 4 ns pp maximum
Connector: BNC (per IEC 60169-8 Amendment 2)
Termination: 75 ohms, selectable on/off
Digital Monitor Outputs: 16 channels (8 pairs) Configuration: organized as two surround (5.1)
and two stereo
Dynamic Range: >135 dB
Type: balanced AES3 (110 ohms, 5 Vpp)
Connector: 25-pin female D-subminiature
(DB-25F), AES59-2012-compliant
Analog Monitor Outputs: 8 Configuration: organized as one surround (5.1)
and one stereo (2-channel)
Type: electronically balanced, source impedance 200 ohms
Nominal Level: +4 dBu @ –20 dBFS input source and level control at maximum setting
Maximum Level: +24 dBu into 2000 (2 k) ohms or greater
Frequency Response, Digital Inputs to Analog Monitor Outputs: 10 Hz-20 kHz +0.0/–0.3 dB @
48 kHz sample rate; –3 dB @ 64 kHz
Distortion (THD+N): 0.004%, ref 1 kHz, +4 dBu output
S/N Ratio: 89 dB, ref +4 dBu output
Dynamic Range: >109 dB
Crosstalk: –98 dB at 1 kHz; –97 dB at 16 kHz,
ref –1 dBFS input
Connector: 25-pin female D-subminiature (DB-25F), AES59-2012-compliant
Configurable Input Delay: 0 to 340 milliseconds @ 48 kHz sample rate (scales up or down depending on actual sample rate)
Post-Fader Monitor Output Level Offsets: each surround and stereo channel independently adjustable in 0.5-dB steps over a ±12-dB range. (Digital and analog outputs associated with a specific channel share the same setting.)
Bass Management: Supported Sample Rates: 44.1, 48, 88.2, and
96 kHz only
Crossover Frequency and Type:
60, or 80 Hz, symmetrical for low-pass and high­pass filters, maximally flat
Filter Slope: 12-per-octave or 24 dB-per-octave
Overall Operation: independent on/off selectable
for surround and stereo post-fader monitor outputs
–6 dB @ 40, 50,
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Downmix: Surround to Stereo and Stereo to Mono
Control Console Interface: Type: RS-485, 115.2 kbit/s, 8-1-N
Polling Interval: 80 milliseconds, nominal
Power: 12 Vdc, 500 mA maximum
Connector: 9-pin female D-subminiature (DE-9F)
Remote Control Inputs:
2
Functions: remote mute all, remote dim
Type: 3.3 Vdc logic, activates on closure to system
common
Connector: 9-pin female D-subminiature (DE-9F)
AC Mains: Requirement: 100 to 240 V, +10/–15%, 50/60 Hz,
15 W maximum
Connector: 3-blade, IEC 320 C14-compatible (mates with IEC 320 C13)
Dimensions:
19.00 inches wide (48.3 cm)
1.72 inches high (4.4 cm)
7.00 inches deep (17.8 cm)
Model 71 Control Console
Application: up to three Model 71 Control Con-
soles can be connected to a Model 760-03 Central Controller
Power: 12 Vdc nominal (9 Vdc minimum), maxi­mum current 35 mA, provided by Model 760-03 Central Controller
Control Data: Type: RS-485
Data Rate/Format: 115.2 kbit/s, 8-N-1
Connector: 9-pin female D-subminiature (DE-9F)
Dimensions (Overall):
3.20 inches wide (8.1 cm)
2.20 inches high (5.6 cm)
4.10 inches deep (10.4 cm)
Weight: 0.8 pounds (0.4 kg)
Specifications and information contained in this User Guide subject to change without notice.
Mounting: one space (1U) in a standard 19-inch rack
Weight:
3.6 pounds (1.6 kg)
Model 77 Control Console
Application: up to four Model 77 Control Con-
soles can be connected to a Model 760-03 Central Controller
Power: 12 Vdc nominal (9 Vdc minimum), maxi­mum current 100 mA, provided by Model 760-03 Central Controller
Control Data: Type: RS-485
Data Rate/Format: 115.2 kbit/s, 8-N-1
Connector: 9-pin female D-subminiature (DE-9F)
Dimensions (Overall):
7.20 inches wide (18.3 cm)
2.20 inches high (5.6 cm)
5.40 inches deep (13.7 cm)
Weight: 1.7 pounds (0.8 kg)
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Appendix A—Connection Pin-Out Charts

Signal Signal Connections Channel High (+) Low (–) Shield
Surround Input A L/R 1 24 12 25
Surround Input A C/LFE 2 10 23 11
Surround Input A LS/RS 3 21 9 22
Stereo Input A 4 7 20 8
Surround Input B L/R 5 18 6 19
Surround Input B C/LFE 6 4 17 5
Surround Input B LS/RS 7 15 3 16
Stereo Input B 8 1 14 2
Notes: 1) All signals transformer-coupled digital audio; balanced AES3 (110 ohm
2) Connector type on Model 760-03 is 25-pin female D-subminiature (DB-25F). Installer must provide male (DB-25M). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
3) Wiring scheme follows AES59-2012 convention. Standard TASCAM-type wiring harnesses are directly compatible, with the possible exception of 4-40 screw threads being required.
s, 5 Vpp) compatible.
Connections for Surround A, Surround B, Stereo A, and Stereo B Digital Inputs
Signal Pin Direction
Data Shield 1 Shield
Remote Mute All 5 Input
Remote Dim 6 Input
Remote Spare 1 8 In
Remote Spare 2 9 Input
Remote Input Common 4 Common
Note: Connector type on Model 760-03 is 9-pin female D-subminiature (DE-9F). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
put
Connections for Remote Control Inputs
Signal Signal Connections Channel High (+) Low (–) Shield
Pre-Fader L/R 1 24 12 25
Pre-Fader C/SUB 2 10 23 11
Pre-Fader LS/RS 3 21 9 22
Stereo Input C Direct 4 7 20 8
Post-Fader L/R 5 18 6 19
Post-Fader C/SUB 6 4 17 5
Post-Fader LS/RS 7 15 3 16
Post-Fader
Notes: 1) All signals transformer-coupled digital audio; balanced AES3 (110 ohms, 5 Vpp) compatible.
2) Connector type on Model 760-03 is 25-pin female D-subminiature (DB-25F). Installer must provide male (DB-25M). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
3) Wiring scheme follows AES59-2012 convention. Standard TASCAM-type wiring harnesses are directly compatible, with the possible exception of 4-40 screw threads being required.
Stereo 8 1 14 2
Connections for Digital Monitor Outputs
Signal Signal Connections Channel High (+) Low (–) Shield
Surround L 1 24 12 25
Surround R 2 10 23 11
Surround C 3 21 9 22
Surround SUB 4 7 20 8
Surround LS 5 18 6 19
Surround RS 6 4 17 5
Stereo L 7 15 3 16
Stereo R 8 1 14 2
Notes: 1) Connector type on Model 760-03 is 25-pin female D-subminiature (DB-25M). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
2) Wiring scheme follows AES59-2012 convention. Standard TASCAM-type wiring harnesses are directly compatible, with the possible exception of 4-40 screw threads being required.
(DB-25F). Installer must provide male
Connections for Analog Monitor Outputs
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Signal Pin Direction
Data + (RS-485) 1 To/From Models 77/71
Data – (RS-485) 6 To/From Models 77/71
Data Shield 2 To/From Models 77/71
DC + (12 V) 4 To Models 77/71
DC – (12 V Return) 9 To Models 77/71
DC Power Shield 5 To/From Models 77/71
Note: Connector type on Model 760-03 is 9-pin female D-subminiature (DE-9F). Connector uses 4-40 threaded inserts for locking with mating plug.
Connections between Model 760-03 and Model 77 and Model 71
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Appendix B—Sync Input Sources

The Model 760-03’s sync input has been tested and confirmed for correct operation with the following sync signals:
Word Clock: Square wave signal with rate of 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, or 192 kHz.
DARS (AES11) or AES3: Signal with sample rate of 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, or
192 kHz.
Bi-Level and Tri-Level Video: See table below.
Video Format Video Format, continued
NTSC (“Black Burst”) 1035i/59.98 Hz
PAL (“Black Burst”) 1035i/60 Hz
525i/59.94 Hz 1080i/50 Hz
525p/59.94 Hz 1080i/59.94 Hz
625i/50 Hz 1080i/60 Hz
625p/50 Hz 1080p/23.98 Hz
720p/23.98 Hz 1080p/24 Hz
720p/24 Hz 1080p/25 Hz
720p/25 Hz 1080p/29.97 Hz
720p/29.97 Hz 1080p/30 Hz
720p/30 Hz 1080psf/24 Hz
720p/50 Hz 1080psf/23.98 Hz
720p/59.94 Hz
720p/60 Hz
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Appendix C—Downmix Formulas

The following provides a summary of the action performed when the downmix modes are active. Signals at unity gain unless noted. 1 = 0 dB; 0.707 = –3 dB; 0.5 = –6 dB;
0.35 = –9 dB; 0 = full attenuation.
Surround to Stereo L = (1 or 0.707)L + (0.707 or 0.5)C + (0.707 or 0.5)LS +(0 or 0.5)LFE R = (1 or 0.707)R + (0.707 or 0.5)C + (0.707 or 0.5)RS + (0 or 0.5)LFE C, LFE, LS, and RS monitor outputs mute
Stereo to Mono With a stereo input selected the result is: C = 0.707L + 0.707R L, R, LS, RS, and LFE monitor outputs mute With a surround input selected the surround to stereo downmix function automatically enables resulting in: C = (0.707 or 0.5)L + (0.707 or 0.5)R + (0.707 or 0.5)C + (0.5 or 0.35)LS + (0.5 or 0.35)RS + (0 or 0.5)LFE
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