Spectra preciSion
Epoch™ 25 L1/L2 GpS SyStEm
®
USER GUIDE
Epoch™ 25 L1/L2 GPS System
USER GUIDE
Version 2.31
Revision B
Part number 58808-10
February 2007
Contact details
Spectra Precision
10355 Westmoor Drive
Suite #100
Westminster, CO 80021
+1-720-587-4700
888-477-7516 (Toll free in USA)
www.spectraprecision.com
Legal notices
© 2006, Spectra Precision. All rights reserved.
Recon is a registered trademark of Tripod Data Systems Inc.
The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth
SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks is under license.
Microsoft, ActiveSync, Windows, and Windows NT are either
registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in
the United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks are
the property of their respective owners.
Release notice
This is the February 2007 release (Revision B) of the Epoch 25 L1/L2
GPS System User Guide. It a pplie s to ve rsion 2.31 of the Epoc h 25 GP S
receiver.
Product Warranty Information
For applicable product warranty information, please refer to the
Warranty Card included with this Spectra Precision product, or
consult your Spectra Precision dealer.
Features Disclaimer
Not all features are available in the Static Only variant of the Epoch
25 receiver.
Registration
To receive information regarding updates and new products, please
contact your local dealer or go to
www.spectraprecision.com/register. Upon registration you may
select the newsletter, upgrade or new product information you
require.
Notices
Taiwan – Battery recycling requirements
The product contains a removable Lithium Polymer battery.
Taiwanese regulations require that waste batteries are
recycled.
廢電池請回收
Notice to our European Union customers
For product recycling instructions and more information, please go
to www.spectraprecision.com/ev.shtml.
Recycling in Europe: To recycle Spectra Precision WEEE
(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, products that
run on electrical power.), Call +31 497 53 24 30, and ask for
the "WEEE Associate". Or, mail a request for recycling
instructions to:
Spectra Precision
c/o Menlo Worldwide Logistics
Meerheide 45
5521 DZ Eersel, NL
Safety Information ii
Before you use a Spectra Precision® Epoch™ 25 L1/L2 GPS system, make sure that you
have read and understood this guide, as well as the safety requirements listed in this
chapter.
ii.1 Warnings and Cautions
An absence of specific alerts does not mean that there are no safety risks involved.
Always follow the instructions that accompany a Warning or Caution. The information
they provide is intended to minimize the risk of personal injury and/or damage to the
equipment. In particular, observe safety instructions that are presented in the
following formats:
C
C
ii.2 Rechargeable Lithium Polymer batteries
C
C
WARNING – A Warning alerts you to a likely risk of serious injury to your person and/or
damage to the equipment.
CAUTION – A Caution alerts you to a possible risk of damage to the equipment and/or
loss of data.
The Epoch 25 GPS receiver uses a rechargeable Lithium Polymer battery.
WARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium Polymer battery. A damaged
battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or property
damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of damage include,
but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking battery fluid.
– Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight.
– Do not immerse the battery in water.
– Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather.
– Do not drop or puncture the battery.
– Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.
WARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium Polymer battery if it appears
to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can result in personal injury
and/or property damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid.
– If battery fluid gets into your eyes, immediately rinse your eyes with clean water and
seek medical attention. Do not rub your eyes!
– If battery fluid gets onto your skin or clothing, immediately use clean water to wash off
the battery fluid.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS Systems User Guide 3
Safety Information
C
ii.3 Cautions
C
WARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium Polymer battery only in strict
accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized
equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or
equipment damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.
– Charge the internal battery of the rover only with the charger that is supplied with your
receiver. Be sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the battery charger.
– Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning odor.
CAUTION – Operating or storing the receiver outside the specified temperature range can
damage it.
4 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS Systems User Guide
Contents
Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Warnings and Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Rechargeable Lithium Polymer batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Cautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
About the Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Use and care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
COCOM limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Geofence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Related information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Technical assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Your comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2 Setup, Connection, and Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Parts of the base receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Ports and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Parts of the rover receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Ports and connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Setup guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Environmental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Sources of electrical interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Base setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Other system components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Rover setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Configuring the internal rover radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3 General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Batteries and power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Rover receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Base receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Charging and storing batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Disposing of the rechargeable battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Panel controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Power button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
LED behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
LED flash patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Logging data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Logging internally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Logging to a Spectra Precision Recon controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Resetting to defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 5
4 Software Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
The WinFlash utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Installing the WinFlash utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Upgrading firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Radio configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5 Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Physical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Positioning specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Technical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
6 Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Default settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Default behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Resetting to factory defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7 Cables and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Port 1 and 2 connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Power/serial data cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
A RTCM Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Generated messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Message scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
B Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
LED conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Receiver issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
6 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
CHAPTER
1
Introduction 1
In this chapter:
Q About the Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS
system
Q Features
Q Use and care
Q COCOM limits
Q Geofence
Q Related information
Q Technical assistance
Q Your comments
Welcome to the Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User
Guide. This manual describes how to install, set
up, and use a Spectra Precision
receiver.
Even if you have used other Global Positioning
System (GPS) products before, Spectra Precision
recommends that you spend some time reading
this manual to learn about the special features of
your receiver.
This guide assumes that you are familiar with a
Microsoft
you know how to use a mouse, select options
from menus and dialogs, make selections from
lists, and refer to online help.
®
Windows® operating system and that
®
Epoch™ 25 GPS
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 7
1 Introduction
1.1 About the Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS system
The Epoch 25 GPS receiver uses an external GPS antenna and is designed for GPS
surveying applications.
The base consists of a receiver, external PacificCrest PDL HPB radio, and external
battery. For information on the PDL HPB radio and the external battery please refer to
the documentation included with the radio kit.
The rover consists of a receiver, internal radio with receive option, and an internal
battery in a rugged lightweight unit.
1.2 Features
Three LEDs on the receiver allow you to monitor the satellite tracking, radio reception,
file status, and power. Bluetooth
®
technology on the external wireless device enables
cable-free communications between receiver and controller.
The receiver provides 24 channels L1 C/A code, L1/L2 full-cycle carrier,
WAAS/EGNOS, and L1/L2 full-cycle carrier satellite tracking and supports logging of
raw GPS observables to the handheld controller.
The receiver provides the following features:
• Unfiltered, unsmoothed pseudo range measurements data for low noise, low
multipath error, low time domain correlation, and high dynamic response
• Very low noise L1 and L2 carrier phase measurements with 1 mm precision in a
1 Hz bandwidth
• Low-elevation satellite-tracking technology
• 24 channels L1 C/A code, L1/L2 full-cycle carrier, WAAS/EGNOS
• Highly accurate GPS L1/L2 technology
• RTCM SC-104 input and output
• CMR+
™
input and output
• GPS antenna cable connector
• Radio antenna connector
• Internal rover radio with a receive option
8 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
1.3 Use and care
The receiver can withstand the rough treatment that typically occurs in the field.
However, the receiver is a high-precision electronic instrument and should be treated
with reasonable care.
Introduction 1
C
WARNING – Operating or storing the receiver outside the specified temperature range
can damage it. For more information, see Chapter 5, Specifications.
High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can overwhelm the
receiver circuits. This does not harm the instrument, but it can prevent the receiver
from functioning correctly. Do not use the receiver within 400 meters of powerful
radar, television, or other transmitters. Low-power transmitters such as those used in
cell phones and two-way radios do not normally interfere with receiver operations.
For more information, contact your Spectra Precision dealer.
1.4 COCOM limits
The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS products contain
performance limitations so that they cannot be used in a manner that could threaten
the security of the United States.
The following limitation is implemented on the receiver: Immediate access to satellite
measurements and navigation results is disabled when the receiver’s velocity is
computed to be greater than 1000 knots, or its altitude is computed to be above
18,000 meters (59,055 feet). The receiver continuously resets until the COCOM
situation is cleared.
1.5 Geofence
This product may contain a Geofence.
A Geofence is a virtual boundary which restricts the product from being used outside a
predetermined region. When the product is taken beyond the designated boundary
limit or is started beyond that same limit, the receiver cannot obtain a high precision
fixed integer solution and will only function in an autonomous mode.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 9
1 Introduction
1.6 Related information
An electronic copy of this manual is available in portable document format (PDF) on
the receiver CD. Use Adobe Reader to view the file.
Other sources of related information are:
• Registration – register your receiver to automatically receive e-mail notifications
of receiver firmware upgrades and new functionality. Register electronically at
www.spectraprecision.com/register/register.shtml.
• Contact your local Spectra Precision dealer for more information about the
support agreement contracts for software and firmware, and an extended
warranty program for hardware.
1.7 Technical assistance
If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product
documentation, contact your local dealer. Alternatively, request technical support using
the Spectra Precision website at www.spectraprecision.com/support.html.
1.8 Your comments
Your feedback about the supporting documentation helps us to improve it with each
revision. E-mail your comments to sales@spectrapecision.com.
10 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
CHAPTER
2
Setup, Connection, and Cabling 2
In this chapter:
Q Parts of the base receiver
Q Parts of the rover receiver
Q Setup guidelines
Q Base setup
Q Rover setup
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 11
2 Setup, Connection, and Cabling
2.1 Parts of the base receiver
The operating controls, serial ports, and connectors are on the bottom panel of the
base receiver. (The "bottom" panel is the panel underneath the receiver.)
• The power button controls the receiver’s power on or off functions.
• Three indicator LEDs show the status of power, satellite tracking, and radio
reception. See also LED behavior, page 22.
21.1 Ports and connectors
Figure 2.1 shows the two serial ports, one TNC radio antenna connector, and the
5/8-11 threaded insert.
TNC connector
Figure 2.1 Ports and connectors on the base receiver
• Port 1 is a DE-9 male connector that allows for full 9-pin RS-232
communications and external power input.
5/8-11
threaded
insert
Serial ports
Power button
Indicator LEDs
• Port 2 is a DE-9 male connector that allows for full 9-pin RS-232
communications and external power input as well as power output. For more
information, see Chapter 6, Default Settings and Chapter 7, Cables and
Connectors.
• Use the TNC connector to connect a GPS antenna to an L1/L2 Epoch receiver.
12 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
2.2 Parts of the rover receiver
The operating controls, serial ports, and connectors are on the bottom panel of the
rover receiver underneath the unit. (The "bottom" panel is the panel underneath the
receiver.)
• The power button controls the receiver’s power on or off functions.
• Three indicator LEDs show the status of power, satellite tracking, and radio
reception. See also LED behavior, page 22.
22.1 Ports and connectors
Figure 2.2 shows the two serial ports, one TNC radio antenna connector, one BNC
radio antenna connector and the 5/8-11 threaded insert
Setup, Connection, and Cabling 2
TNC connector
BNC connector
Figure 2.2 Ports and connectors on the rover
• Port 1 is a DE-9 male connector that allows for full 9-pin RS-232
communications and external power input.
• Port 2 is a DE-9 male connector that allows for full 9-pin RS-232
communications and external power input as well as power output. For more
information, see Chapter 6, Default Settings and Chapter 7, Cables and
Connectors.
5/8-11
threaded
insert
Serial ports
Power button
Indicator LEDs
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 13
2 Setup, Connection, and Cabling
• Use the TNC connector to connect a GPS antenna to an L1/L2 Epoch receiver.
• Use the BNC connector to connect the rubber duck radio antenna.
2.3 Setup guidelines
23.1 Environmental conditions
Although the receiver has a waterproof housing, you must take reasonable care to
protect the unit from extreme environmental conditions. Do not:
• use or store the unit where temperatures are likely to rise above 60 °C (140 °F) or
fall below –20°C (–4°F).
• immerse the unit in water
• expose the unit to corrosive fluids and gases
23.2 Sources of electrical interference
Avoid the following sources of electrical and magnetic noise:
• Gasoline engines (spark plugs)
• Televisions and PC monitors
• Alternators and generators
• Electric motors
• Equipment with DC-to-AC converters
• Fluorescent lights
• Switching power supplies
2.4 Base setup
To set up a base receiver, you must:
1. Connect the TNC cable securely to the GPS receiver.
2. Set up the receiver on a tripod.
Step 1: Connect the TNC cable securely to the GPS receiver
1. Align the cable connector with the receiver receptacle.
2. Thread the cable connector onto the receptacle until it is snug.
Figure 2.3 on page 15 shows the base setup for the receiver.
14 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
Setup, Connection, and Cabling 2
Step 2: Set up the receiver on a tripod
Note – Take care to follow this procedure to ensure that the cable does not twist and the
antenna seats flush to the top of receiver.
1. Connect the GPS antenna cable to the Epoch L1/L2 GPS antenna and then
attach the antenna to the base receiver.
2. Connect the cable to the receiver.
3. Attach the antenna to the base receiver and place the antenna on the tripod.
4. Install the antenna, receiver, and extension pole onto the tribrach.
You can either place the receiver in the transport case or below the antenna on
the tripod.
5. Attach the external radio to the tripod.
6. Connect the antenna to the external radio.
7. Connect the radio cable between the radio and the receiver.
8. Connect the radio and the receiver to the external battery.
Epoch 25 GPS antenna
GPS antenna cable
Base receiver
Radio cable
Extension pole
Tri b rach
External radio
External battery
Figure 2.3 Epoch GPS receiver, base setup
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 15
2 Setup, Connection, and Cabling
20.1 Other system components
The base receiver requires the PacificCrest PDL HPB external radio.
2.1 Rover setup
C
WARNING – The rover uses a rechargeable Lithium Polymer battery. To avoid personal
injury or equipment damage, make sure that you read and understand the Safety
Information on page 3 at the front of this manual.
The following guidelines apply whenever you set up the rover receiver:
• To securely connect a BNC cable, align the cable connector with the antenna
receptacle and then turn the antenna until the antenna fits snugly.
• To securely connect a TNC cable, align the cable connector with the receiver
receptacle and then thread the cable connector onto the receptacle until the
cable fits snugly.
Figure 2.4 on page 17 shows the pole-mounted setup for the receiver. To mount the
receiver on a range pole:
1. Attach the antenna to the GPS receiver and connect the GPS antenna cable to
the Epoch L1/L2 GPS antenna and the rover receiver.
2. Thread the GPS receiver onto the range pole.
3. Attach the controller bracket to the pole.
4. Insert the controller into the bracket.
16 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
Setup, Connection, and Cabling 2
Epoch 25 GPS antenna
Rover receiver
Spectra Precision Recon
controller
Figure 2.4 Epoch GPS receiver set up as a rover receiver
20.1 Configuring the internal rover radio
To configure the internal radio in the Epoch 25 GPS receiver, use the field software on
the Recon controller.
For more information, see the documentation for the field software.
By default, the internal radio has only a few “test” frequencies installed at the factory.
To configure the frequencies of the base or rover, contact your Spectra Precision dealer.
For more information, see the documentation supplied with your base radio.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 17
2 Setup, Connection, and Cabling
18 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
CHAPTER
3
General Operation 3
In this chapter:
Q Batteries and power
Q Panel controls
Q Logging data
Q Resetting to defaults
Q Firmware
This section describes how to use the Epoch 25
GPS receiver as well as the controls on the
bottom panel that you need for general
operation.
For information about other receiver panels, see
Parts of the base receiver, page 12 and Parts of the
rover receiver, page 13.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 19
3 General Operation
3.1 Batteries and power
C
31.1 Rover receiver
WARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium Polymer battery. A damaged
battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or property
damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of damage include,
but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking battery fluid.
– Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight.
– Do not immerse the battery in water.
– Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather.
– Do not drop or puncture the battery.
– Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.
Note – Only the rover has an internal battery.
The rover receiver can be powered by its internal, non-removable battery or by an
external power source connected to Port 1 or Port 2. Typically, one internal 3.6 Ah
battery provides approximately 8 hours of operation during an RTK survey when the
internal radio is used in Rover mode.
If an external power source is connected to Port 1 or Port 2, it is used in preference to
the internal battery. When there is no external power source connected, or if the
external power supply fails, the internal battery is used.
The battery takes 4 hours to charge.
31.2 Base receiver
The base receiver is powered by an external 12 V battery, which lasts 8 hours in
continuous use.
20 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
31.3 Charging and storing batteries
All battery types discharge over time when they are not being used. Batteries also
discharge faster in colder temperatures. If a Lithium Polymer battery is to be stored for
long periods of time, make sure it is fully charged before storing and re-charged at least
once every three months.
General Operation 3
C
WARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium Polymer battery only in strict
accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized
equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or
equipment damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.
– Charge the Lithium Polymer battery only with a product that is specified to charge it. Be
sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the battery charger.
– Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning odor.
– Use the battery only in equipment that is specified to use it.
– Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the instructions in the product
documentation.
Charging the internal battery
The internal Lithium Polymer battery in the rover receiver is supplied partially
charged. Charge the battery completely before using it for the first time. If the battery
has been stored for longer than six months, charge it before use.
To protect the battery from deep discharge, the receiver switches batteries or stops
drawing power when the battery pack discharges to 4 V.
A battery that has reached the deep discharge level cannot be recharged and must be
replaced. The following recommendations provide optimal performance and extend
the life of your batteries:
• Fully charge all new batteries prior to use.
• Do not allow the batteries to discharge below 4 V.
• Keep all batteries on continuous charge when not in use. Batteries may be kept
on charge indefinitely without damage to the receiver or batteries.
• Do not store batteries in the receiver or external charger unless power is applied.
• If you must store the batteries, fully charge them before storing and then
recharge them at least every three months.
31.4 Disposing of the rechargeable battery
Discharge the battery before disposing of it. When disposing of the battery, be sure to
do so in an environmentally sensitive manner. Adhere to any local and national
regulations concerning battery disposal or recycling.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 21
3 General Operation
3.2 Panel controls
Figure 3.1 shows the controls for the power on/off functions, or receiver reset. The
LEDs provide power, radio, and SV tracking status information.
Figure 3.1 Receiver controls
32.1 Power button
Use the Power button to turn on or turn off the receiver, and to perform the functions
listed in the table below, where:
Power button
Power
Radio
Satellite
To … Do this...
turn on the receiver Press
turn off the receiver Press
a
“Press” means press the Power button and release it immediately.
32.2 LED behavior
The three LEDs on the front panel of the receiver indicate various operating
conditions. Generally:
• a lit or slowly flashing LED (one that is ”on” or a “slow flash") indicates normal
operation
• an LED that is flashing quickly (a “fast flash) indicates a condition that may
require attention
• an unlit LED (one that is “off”) indicates that no operation is occurring
The following table defines each possible LED state. See also Troubleshooting, page 39.
The term … Means that the LED …
Slow flash alternates on/off for 500 milliseconds
Fast flash alternates rapidly on/off for 100 milliseconds
On is lit steady
Off is unlit
a
22 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
32.3 LED flash patterns
This table lists possible flash patterns and identifies what operating states they
indicate.
General Operation 3
Receiver mode Power LED
Receiver OFF OFF OFF OFF
Receiver ON:
Healthy power ON N/A N/A
Tracking <4 SVs ON N/A Fast flash
Tracking >4 SVs ON N/A Slow flash
Receiving valid data packets ON Slow flash N/A
No data packets ON OFF N/A
Receiver in Monitor ON Slow flash ON
Note – N/A beside an LED means that the LED is not relevant to the mode. (The LED may
or may not be on.)
3.3 Logging data
You can log data internally or to a Spectra Precision Recon® controller.
33.1 Logging internally
Blue
Radio LED
Green
Satellite LED
Amber
C
The Epoch 25 GPS receiver logs GPS data internally on 2 MB of internal memory. You
can use the Spectra Precision Data Transfer utility to transfer logged data files to the
office computer. The transferred files are in TO1 format.
WARNING – The Epoch 25 GPS receiver allows for a maximum of 512 files on the internal
memory. The filenames must be in 8.3 format, otherwise files copied to the internal
memory may cause data corruption or loss of data when logging.
Data is logged using the current logging settings configured in the receiver. Data files
logged internally are named automatically.
You must use a Spectra Precision Recon controller to begin internal logging, . The
Epoch 25 GPS receiver does not have an internal clock, so you cannot conduct timed
sessions.
Note – When the internal memory is full, the receiver stops logging data, and the
Logging/Memory LED switches off. Existing data files are not overwritten.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 23
3 General Operation
The following table shows approximate storage requirements for different logging
rates. The values shown are for a one-hour logging session with six satellites visible.
Logging rate Memory required
1 Hz 335 KB
5 seconds 87 KB
15 seconds 37 KB
33.2 Logging to a Spectra Precision Recon controller
When the receiver is connected to a Spectra Precision Recon controller, you can log
GPS data from the receiver to the controller. Use the controller functions to set logging
options, specify filenames, and control when logging occurs.
Data is stored in DAT files, which can be transferred to an office computer using the
Microsoft ActiveSync
For more information refer to the user guide for your particular controller.
3.4 Resetting to defaults
To reset the receiver to its factory default settings, turn the device on and off.
See also Default settings, page 34.
3.5 Firmware
A receiver’s firmware is the program inside the receiver that controls receiver
operations and hardware. You can upgrade the firmware for the receiver using the
WinFlash utility provided on the receiver CD.
See The WinFlash utility, page 26.
®
technology.
24 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
CHAPTER
4
Software Utilities 4
In this chapter:
Q The WinFlash utility
Q Radio configuration
This chapter provides information on the
software utilities that you can use with the
Epoch 25 GPS receiver.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 25
4 Software Utilities
4.1 The WinFlash utility
The WinFlash utility performs several functions, including:
• installing software and firmware upgrades
• running diagnostics (for example, retrieving configuration information)
For more information, online help is also available when you use the WinFlash utility.
The WinFlash utility runs on Microsoft Windows 95, 98, Windows NT
XP operating systems.
41.1 Installing the WinFlash utility
1. Insert the product CD into the CD drive on the computer.
2. From the main menu, select Install individual software packages.
3. Select Install WinFlash with drivers and firmware and then follow the on-screen
instructions.
Alternatively, install the WinFlash utility from the Spectra Precision website.
®
, 2000, Me, or
40.1 Upgrading firmware
Your receiver is supplied with the latest version of receiver firmware installed. If a later
version becomes available you can upgrade the firmware on your receiver.
The WinFlash utility, which has a comprehensive Help file, guides you through the
firmware upgrade process.
To upgrade the receiver firmware:
1. Start the WinFlash utility. The Device Configuration screen appears.
2. From the Device type list, select Receiver.
3. From the PC serial port field, select the serial (COM) port on the computer that
the receiver is connected to.
4. Click
Next. The Operation Selection screen appears. It lists supported operations
for the selected device, and provides a description of the selected operation.
5. Select GPS software upgrade and then click
window appears. This screen prompts you to select the software that you want
to install on the receiver.
6. Select the latest version from the Available Software list and then click
Settings Review window appears. This window prompts you to connect the
receiver, suggests a connection method, and then lists the receiver configuration
and selected operation.
Next. The GPS Software Selection
Next. The
26 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
Software Utilities 4
7. If all is correct, click Finish.
Based on your selections, the Software Upgrade window appears and shows the
status of the operation.
8. Click
OK.
The Software Upgrade window appears again and states that the operation was
completed successfully.
9. Click
Menu to select another operation, or click Exit to quit WinFlash.
10. If you click
quit. Click
4.1 Radio configuration
Please contact your local Spectra Precision dealer for information on your internal and
external radio.
Exit, another screen appears asking you to confirm that you want to
OK.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 27
4 Software Utilities
28 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
CHAPTER
5
Specifications 5
In this chapter:
Q Physical specifications
Q Positioning specifications
Q Technical specifications
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 29
5 Specifications
5.1 Physical specifications
Feature Specification
Size (W x H x D) 14.5 cm x 8.1 cm x 14.5 cm (5.7 inch x 3.2 inch x 5.7 inch),
Weight
Base 0.93 kg (2.0 lb)
Rover 1.18 kg (2.6 lb), including internal battery, internal radio,
Epoch L1/L2 antenna 0.55 kg (1.20 lb)
Operating times on
internal battery
External power input 0 to 20 V DC, with over-voltage protection on Port 1 and
Operating temperature
Storage temperature –40 °C through +75 °C (–40 °F to +167 °F)
Humidity 100% condensing
Casing Watertight, dust-proof, shock- and vibration-resistant
a
Receiver will operate normally to –20 °C (-4 °F). Internal batteries are rated to –20 °C (-4 °F).
including connectors
standard UHF antenna
3.55 kg (7.8 lb), including internal battery, range pole,
controller, and bracket
8 hours (receive)
Port 2.
a
–20 °C through +60 °C (–4 °F to +140 °F)
5.2 Positioning specifications
Positioning Mode Horizontal accuracy (RMS) Vertical accuracy (RMS)
RTK (OTF) Synchronized 1 cm + 1 ppm
L1 C/A Code
Synchronized 0.25m + 1ppm RMS 0.50m + 1ppm RMS
Phase
Static/
N/A 5 mm + 0.5 ppm
FastStatic
WAAS N/A Typically <5 m 3 DRMS
a
WAAS/EGNOS capable GPS receiver dependant on field software application.
(× baseline length)
(× baseline length)
2cm + 1ppm
(× baseline length)
5 mm + 1 ppm
(× baseline length)
a
Typically <5 m 3 DRMS
*
30 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
5.3 Technical specifications
Feature Specification
Tracking 24 channels GPS L1 C/A code, L1/L2 full-cycle carrier,
SBAS WAAS/EGNOS support
Signal processing Highly accurate GPS L1/L2 technology
Unfiltered, unsmoothed pseudorange measurements data for low
noise, low multipath error, low time domain correlation and high
dynamic response
Very low noise L1 and L2 carrier phase measurements with 1 mm
precision in a 1 Hz bandwidth
Low elevation satellite tracking technology
24 channels L1 C/A Code, L1/L2 Full Cycle Carrier, WAAS/EGNOS
Start-up Cold start: < 60 seconds from power on
Warm start: < 30 seconds with recent ephemeris
Initialization Automatic while moving or static
Minimum
10 sec + 0.5 × baseline length (km)
initialization time
Communications Two RS-232 serial ports (Port 1, Port 2,)
Port 1: Baud Rates up to 115,200 bps
Port 2: Baud Rates up to 115,200 bps
Bluetooth Type approvals are country specific. Third party Bluetooth dongles are
not recommended and are not supported. For more information,
contact your Spectra Precision dealer.
a
WAAS/EGNOS capable GPS receiver dependant on field software application.
Specifications 5
a
*
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 31
5 Specifications
32 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
CHAPTER
6
Default Settings 6
In this chapter:
Q Default settings
Q Resetting to factory defaults
All Epoch 25 GPS receiver settings are stored in
application files. The default application file is
stored permanently in the receiver, and contains
the factory default settings for the receiver.
You cannot modify the default application file.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 33
6 Default Settings
6.1 Default settings
These settings are defined in the default application file.
Function Factory default
SV Enable All SVs enabled
General Controls: Elevation mask 13°
Serial Port 1: Baud rate 38,400
Serial Port 2: Baud rate 38,400
Input Setup: Station Any
Reference position: Latitude 0°
Antenna: Type Unknown external
PDOP mask 7
RTK positioning mode Low Latency
Motion Kinematic
Format 8-None-1
Flow control None
Format 8-None-1
Flow control None
Longitude 0°
Altitude 0.00 m HAE
Antenna height Dependent on measurement method
Group All
Measurement method Set by field software
61.1 Default behavior
When you start the GPS receiver, the logging settings are the factory defaults and
logging does not begin automatically. This is true in all of the following situations:
• it is the first time that the receiver has been used
• you have reset the receiver to its factory defaults
6.2 Resetting to factory defaults
To reset the receiver to its factory defaults, turn the unit on and off.
34 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
CHAPTER
7
Cables and Connectors 7
In this chapter:
Q Port 1 and 2 connectors
Q Power/serial data cables
This chapter provides pinout information for the
Epoch 25 GPS receiver standard and optional
cables. This information can be used to prepare
special cables for connecting the receiver to
devices and instruments not supported by the
standard and optional cables.
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 35
7 Cables and Connectors
7.1 Port 1 and 2 connectors
Figure 7.1 Port 1 connector pinouts
Pins 9 8 7 6
Pins 5 4 3 2 1
Pins 9 8 7 6
Figure 7.2 Port 2 connector pinouts
7.2 Power/serial data cables
A data-I/O cable is supplied with the receiver. Attach the cable to the connector.
Port 1 Port 2
Pin Function Pin Function
1N/C 1 N/C
2 Serial Port 1 RXD 2 Serial Port 2 RXD
3 Serial Port 1 TXD 3 Serial Port 2 TXD
4N/C 4 N/C
5 Ground 5 Ground
6N/C 6 N/C
7 Serial Port 1 RTS 7 Serial Port 2 RTS
8 Serial Port 1 CTS 8 Serial Port 2 CTS
9 +V in 1 9 +V in 2 / +V out 2
Pins 5 4 3 2 1
Use the data-I/O cable for firmware upgrades to the receiver. Supply power must be
supplied to the receiver through Port 1 or Port 2, or from the internal battery.
36 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
APPENDIX
A
RTCM Output A
In this chapter:
Q Generated messages
Q Message scheduling
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 37
A RTCM Output
A.1 Generated messages
The following table shows the messages that are generated when you select a specific
RTCM version. For the details of the contents of individual messages, refer to the
RTCM documentation.
Selection RTCM message
RTCM/RTK 2.3 1 18 19 23 24
RTK Only 2.3 18 19 22
RTCM/RTK 2.2 1 3 18 19 22 59
RTK Only 2.2 3 18 19 22 59
RTCM/RTK 2.1 1 3 18 19 22 59
RTK Only 2.1 3 18 19 22 59
RTCM/RTK 3.00 1004 1006 1008 1013
A.2 Message scheduling
The following table describes the frequency at which messages are generated when
they are enabled in a base receiver
.
Type Frequency
1 Every second
3 The 10th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
18 Every second
19 Every second
22 The 5th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
23 The 4th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
24 The 4th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
59-sub, 13 The 5th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
1004 Every second
1006 Every 10 seconds
1008 Every 10 seconds
1013 Every 300 seconds
38 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
APPENDIX
B
Troubleshooting B
In this chapter:
Q LED conditions
Q Receiver issues
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 39
B Troubleshooting
B.1 LED conditions
An LED that is flashing quickly indicates a condition that may require attention, and
an unlit LED indicates that no operation is occurring. The following table describes
some LED conditions, possible causes, and how to solve them. See also LED flash
patterns, page 23.
Condition Possible cause Solution
The SV Tracking LED is
lit solidly and the
Logging/Memory LED
is flashing slowly.
The SV Tracking LED is
not flashing.
B.2 Receiver issues
The receiver is in Monitor
mode, ready for new
firmware to be loaded or
new options to be added.
The receiver is tracking
fewer than four satellites.
The radio antenna cable
and GPS antenna cable are
mixed up.
Power the receiver off or on.
Load the latest version of the
firmware, which you can download
from www.spectraprecision.com.
Wait until the SV Tracking LED is
flashing slowly.
Make sure that the GPS antenna
cable is connected between the TNC
connector and the GPS antenna.
The following table describes some possible receiver issues, possible causes, and how
to solve them.
Issue Possible cause Solution
The receiver does
not power up.
Receiver does not
log data.
The receiver is not
responding.
External power too low. Check the charge on the external
battery, and check the fuse if
applicable. Replace the battery if
necessary.
Internal power too low. Check the charge on the internal
batteries.
External power not properly
connected.
Faulty power cable. Try a different cable.
The receiver is tracking
fewer than four satellites.
Receiver needs soft reset. Power down the receiver and power
Check that the DB-9 connection is
seated properly.
Check for broken or bent pins in the
connector.
Check pinouts with multimeter to
ensure internal wiring is intact.
Wait until the SV Tracking LED is
flashing slowly.
back up.
40 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
Issue Possible cause Solution
Reference receiver is
not broadcasting.
Roving receiver is
not receiving radio.
Port settings between
reference receiver and radio
are incorrect.
Faulty cable between
receiver and radio.
No power to radio. If the radio has its own power
Reference receiver is not
broadcasting.
Incorrect over air baud rates
between reference and
rover.
Incorrect port settings
between roving external
radio and receiver.
Use use WinFlash to verify the
receiver settings.
Try a different cable.
Examine the ports for missing pins.
Use a multimeter to check pinouts.
supply, check the charge and
connections.
Use field software to check radio
frequency settings.
Connect to the roving receiver’s
radio and check to ensure it has the
same setting as the reference
receiver.
If the radio is receiving data (the
Memory LED is flashing) and the
receiver is not getting radio
communications, use the PDL Config
utility to check that the port settings
are correct.
Troubleshooting B
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 41
B Troubleshooting
42 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
Index
A
antenna
default information 34
electrical interference 14
height 34
mounting 14
application files, default 33
B
base receiver
guidelines for setting up 14
ports and connectors 12
specifications 8
baud rate
default 34
maximum 31
Bluetooth wireless technology 8
BNC radio antenna connector 13
C
caring for the receiver 9
CMR 8
input 8
output 8
COCOM limits 9
cold start, time required 31
connectors, pinouts 36
reference position 34
reference station 34
resetting 24
serial format 34
SV enabling 34
dimensions, receiver 30
E
electrical interference 14
electronic interference 9
elevation mask, default 34
environmental factors affecting receiver 14
European Union, recycling instructions 2
F
factory default settings 33
factory defaults
Epoch 25 GPS receiver 33
resetting to 34
FastStatic surveying, specifications 30
features
receiver 8
files, on internal memory 23
firmware, upgrading 26
flashing LED 22
flow control, default setting 34
D
DAT files, transfer 24
data 36
data/power cable pinouts 36
default application file 33
default settings
antenna 34
baud rate 34
elevation mask 34
motion 34
receiver 33
G
geofence 9
guidelines for setting up receiver
base 14
rover 16
I
indicator LEDs 22
initialization
minimum time required 31
specifications 31
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 43
Index
input, RTCM 8
installing, WinFlash utility 26
interference
electrical 14
electronic 9
L
latency, Epoch 25 GPS receiver 30
LEDs
flashing 22
receiver 22
limits, imposed by COCOM 9
logging
internally 23
to a Recon controller 24
M
maximum baud rate 31
Monitor mode 40
motion, default settings 34
mounting antenna, avoiding electrical
interference 14
O
operating controls 12, 13
operating temperature 30
output formats, RTCM 8
P
base receiver 12
rover receiver 13
positioning specifications 30
power supply 20
powering down the receiver 22
powering up the receiver 22
problems, troubleshooting 39–40
R
radio antenna connector
BNC 13
TNC 13
receiver
caring for 9
connecting to devices 35
features 8
LEDs 22
setup 11
turn off 22
turn on 22
Recon controller 23
recycling 2
reference station, default settings 34
registration 10
reset
soft 40
to factory defaults 34
rover receiver
parts 13
ports and connectors 13
specifications 8
RTCM input 8
PacificCrest PDL HPB radio 8
panel controls 22
parts
base receiver 12
rover receiver 13
physical specifications 30
pinouts, connectors 36
Port 1
default baud rate 34
default serial format 34
flow control 34
Port 2
default baud rate 34
default serial format 34
port settings, checking 41
ports and connectors
44 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
S
security limits 9
serial format, default setting 34
serial ports, pinouts 36
Setup 14
setup guidelines 14
signal processing 31
size 30
soft reset 40
specifications
physical 30
positioning 30
start-up 31
static surveying 30
synchronized RTK mode 30
technical 31
storage temperature 30
support agreement contracts 10
SV enabling, default settings 34
switching the receiver on and off 22
T
Taiwan, battery recycling requirements 2
technical specifications 31
temperature
operating range 30
storage range 30
TNC radio antenna connector 13
tracking specifications 31
troubleshooting 39–40
turning off the receiver 22
turning on the receiver 22
U
Index
U.S. Department of Commerce 9
upgrading receiver firmware 26
use and care 9
W
WAAS, specifications 30
warm start, time required 31
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, recycling
instructions 2
weight
base receiver 30
rover receiver 30
WinFlash utility 26
installing 26
upgrading receiver firmware with 26
Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide 45
Index
46 Epoch 25 L1/L2 GPS System User Guide
PN 58808-10
Spectra Precision
10355 Westmoor Drive
Suite #100
Westminster, CO 80021
USA
+1-720-587-4700 Phone
888-477-7516 (Toll Free in USA)
www.spectraprecision.com
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