SMA Windy Boy 1100, Windy Boy 1700 Operating Instructions Manual
Windy Boy 1100
Windy Boy 1700
Inverter for Wind Energy Power Plants
Operating Instructions Version 1.0 WB11_17-11:FE4205
TBE-WB11-17
SMA Technologie AG Revision History
Revision History
Document number Changes Author
WB11_17-11:FE4205 First issue Welzel
Operating Instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 3
SMA Technologie AG
Page 4 WB11_17-11:FE4205 Operating Instructions
SMA Technologie AG Explanation of Symbols used in this Document
Explanation of Symbols used in this Document
This symbol indicates information that is essential for a trouble-free
and safe operation of the product. Please read these sections carefully in order to avoid any damages of the equipment and for optimal personal protection.
This symbol indicates information that is required for the optimal operation of
the product. Read these sections carefully in order to ensure an optimal operation of the product and all its features.
This symbol indicates an example.
Operating Instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 5
Legal Restrictions SMA Technologie AG
Liability exclusion
The information contained in this documentation are the property of SMA Technologie AG. No part of this
documentation may be published without written permission from SMA Technologie AG. A reproduction for
internal purposes for the evaluation of the product or an appropriate application is permitted and does not
require authorization.
All information are based on our "General Terms and Conditions of Delivery of SMA Technologie AG”.
The content of this documentation is reviewed continuously and adjusted, if necessary. SMA Technologie
AG provides this documentation without exclusion of deviations and without warranty of completeness. You
will find the current version on the Internet at www.SMA.de or can obtain it via the usual sales channels.
Warranty or liability claims for all kinds are excluded in case of damages due to:
• Inappropriate use of the product
• Operation of the product in an improper environment
• Operation of the product without considering the relevant safety regulations
• Non-fulfillment of the warnings or safety instructions described in the documentation for the product
• Operation of the product under faulty conditions concerning security and protection
• Arbitrary changing of the product or the provided software
• Failure of the product due to interference of connected or contiguous devices out of legal limit values
• Disasters and force majeure
Software Licensing
The use of the provided software by SMA Technologie AG is subject to the following conditions:
The software may be reproduced for internal purposes and installed on any number of computers. Provided
source codes can be changed and adjusted on the company’s own authority according to the internal
purpose. Driver may be ported to other operating systems as well. No part of the source codes may be
published without written permission of SMA Technologie AG. Sublicensing of the software is not
acceptable.
Liability limitation: SMA Technologie AG disclaims liability for any direct or indirect consequential damages
arising from the use of the software produced by SMA Technologie AG. The same applies for the provision
and/or non-provision of support.
Provided software not produced by SMA Technologie AG is subject to the respective licensing and liability
agreements of the manufacturer.
Trademarks
All brand and product names used herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective
holders, although they may not be specifically designated as such.
SMA Technologie AG
Hannoversche Strasse 1-5
34266 Niestetal
Germany
Tel. (+49) 5 61 95 22 – 0
Fax (+49) 5 61 95 22 – 100
www.SMA.de
E-Mail: info@SMA.de
© 2005 SMA Technologie AG. All rights reserved.
Page 6 WB11_17-11:FE4205 Operating Instructions
SMA Technologie AG Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2 Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3 Unit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.1 Appropriate usage of the Windy Boy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
3.2 Device construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
3.3 Operating modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
3.3.1 Normal operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
3.3.2 Critical, faulty operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
3.3.3 Non-critical, faulty operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
3.3.4 Description of the operational status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
3.4 Messages in the optional display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
4 Setting the display language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5 Turbine operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
5.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
5.2 Characteristic curve function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
5.3 Characteristic curve operation in "Turbine" operating mode . . .34
5.4 General setting example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
6 Maintenance and care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7 Expansions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.1 Sunny Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
7.2 Sunny Data via Powerline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
7.3 Sunny Data over RS232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
7.4 Sunny Data over RS485 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
7.5 Sunny Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
7.6 Sunny Data Control over Sunny Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
7.7 Sunny Boy Control Light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
7.8 Sunny Boy Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
7.9 Sunny Boy Control Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
7.10 Sunny Data Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
7.11 Sunny WebBox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
7.12 Sunny Portal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
7.13 Sunny TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
8 Technical data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
8.1 Windy Boy 1100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
8.1.1 DC connection data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
8.1.2 Grid connection data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
8.1.3 General data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
8.2 Windy Boy 1700. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
8.2.1 DC connection data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Operating Instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 7
Table of Contents SMA Technologie AG
8.2.2 Grid connection data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
8.2.3 General data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
9 General information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
9.1 Measurement channels and messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
9.1.1 Status messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
9.1.2 Windy Boy operating parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
9.2 Fault messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
9.3 Declaration of conformity (CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
9.4 Import certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
10 Stand-alone systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
11 Contact. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Page 8 WB11_17-11:FE4205 Operating Instructions
SMA Technologie AG Introduction
1 Introduction
The installation of the Windy Boy 1100 / 1700 may only be done
by qualified technicians. The installer must be approved by the
utility company. Please read the installation guide carefully before
you begin with the installation. The installation of utility interactive
power sources must be compliant with all applicable regulations of
the utility company and with all applicable regulations and
standards.
The Windy Boy inverters make it possible to operate small wind turbines as grid-connected systems. Grid-connected means that the energy generated by the wind turbine
can be fed directly into an existing house power grid, a stand-alone power system,
or the mains grid.
To this end, the inverter converts the direct current (DC) from permanent-magnet wind
turbines, which varies with speed, into grid-compatible alternating current (AC). The
inverter requires the constant presence of mains-grid voltage!
The Windy Boy complies with all the VDEW (Verband der Elektrizitätswirtschaft –
German Electricity Industry Association) regulations for the connection and parallel
operation of electrical power units to the low-voltage grid of the electricity supply
company. This also encompasses the regulations of the German Professional Association for Precision Engineering and Electro technology relating to "Automatic switching of electrical power units" (SMA grid guard) and/or DIN VDE 0126. In addition
to this, the Windy Boy conforms to the electromagnetic tolerance regulations and the
low-voltage regulations of the relevant combined European norms, as confirmed in
the CE conformity declaration (9.3 "Declaration of conformity (CE)” (page 61)).
The documentation provided here covers all such topics that are of interest when operating the Windy Boy inverters. In addition to explanations of the operational methods of the device and detailed technical data, advice as to data capture and analysis
is also provided.
Information relating to the installation and commissioning of the Windy Boy should
be taken from the installation instructions delivered with the device. The Windy Boy
inverter has a special operation mode for wind turbines which allows performance
adjustment to the characteristic curve of the generator. In this way you will obtain
maximum yields from your wind turbine.
A wide input voltage range, high efficiency and a freely configurable output characteristic curve with the highest level of reliability are only some of the properties that
are useful for your grid-connected system, or in a stand-alone system when combined
with the Sunny Island.
Operating instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 9
Introduction SMA Technologie AG
The Windy Boy is compatible with all SMA communication products (RS232, RS485,
Powerline, Wireless, Display), providing numerous possibilities for diagnosis, data visualization and remote maintenance of your small wind turbine system.
For stand-alone systems, that use the Sunny Island: Please configure your
Windy Boy according to the specifications in the Sunny Island manual.
Configuration of the V/I properties of the Windy Boy with respect to your wind
turbine: the parameters U
Start, UDCWindStart and UDCWindMax must be
PV
configured to guarantee optimum operation of your Windy Boy with your wind
turbine. The configuration process is described in chapter 5 "Turbine operation” (page 31).
Apart from the parameter settings, the Windy Boy is identical to the Sunny Boy photovoltaic inverter and can therefore also be used as a PV inverter. Please download
the Sunny Boy manual from www.SMA.de. If you are planning to use the Windy Boy
in a photovoltaic system please contact us on the SMA hotline.
Page 10 WB11_17-11:FE4205 Operating instructions
SMA Technologie AG Safety Information
2 Safety Information
Opening of the device, and any
•electrical installation,
•repair or
•modification
Betrieb
Photovoltaik-Stringwechselrichter
Operation
Photovoltaic string
Erdschluss
in
verter
Earth
F
ault
Störung
Failure
The temperature of individual parts of the case of the Windy Boy in particular the temperature of the heatsink - can reach over 60 °C
in normal operation. There is the danger of burn injury when these
parts are touched!
The Windy Boy contains an independent mains disconnection device, the "SMA
grid guard". It ensures that the Windy Boy complies with the VDEW (Verband
der Elektrizitätswirtschaft – German Electricity Industry Association) regulations for the connection and parallel operation of electrical power units to the
low-voltage grid of the electricity supply company (EVU) and with DIN VDE
0126, which forms a part of these regulations.
of the Windy Boy may only be performed
by qualified electrical personnel. Even
when no external voltage is present, the
device can still contain high voltages and
the danger of electrical shock.
Operating instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 11
Safety Information SMA Technologie AG
Page 12 WB11_17-11:FE4205 Operating instructions
SMA Technologie AG Unit description
3 Unit description
3.1 Appropriate usage of the Windy Boy
The Windy Boy is designed for the conversion of DC voltage from a wind turbine
(permanent magnet generator) into AC voltage for feeding into the public mains grid.
The technical data is described in more detail in chapter 8 "Technical data”
(page 47).
Overvoltage protection
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Rectifier
Windy Boy
Public mains grid
Many wind turbine manufacturers offer an extra over-voltage protection module.
These components prevent the destruction of the downstream inverter in the case of
overvoltage.
Overvoltage can occur under the following conditions:
• High turbine rotation speeds under strong wind conditions
• An increase in turbine rotation speed caused by load-shedding when the inverter
is disconnected from the mains grid e.g. in the case of mains interference or power outage.
The overvoltage protection system has the following tasks:
• When a pre-defined voltage is reached, the inverter is disconnected from the generator and a short-circuit slows the generator and/or brings it to a standstill.
• Some devices reduce the turbine rotation speed, and thus the generator output
voltage, by switching in a resistor assembly (Dumpload). The electrical energy generated by the turbine is then converted to heat.
In grid-connected systems, we recommend the use of one of the electronic protection
mechanisms described here. Please note that overvoltage on the inverter can lead to
destruction of the device. In addition to this, you lose the right to all warranty claims
- even if the maximum input voltage of the inverter is only exceeded for a short time.
Operating instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 13
Unit description SMA Technologie AG
The electronic protection systems described here are preferable to mechanical solutions (pitch control, "turning out of the wind") in every case.
Any other use of the Windy Boy leads to loss of the right to all warranty claims.
The presence of excessive input voltage can lead to irreparable
damage! Immediately disconnect the DC input of the Windy Boy.
When the Windy Boy receives an excessive DC input voltage, it automatically
disconnects from the mains network and no longer feeds power into the grid.
When the Windy Boy is in operation, you must always first disconnect the AC
voltage (mains supply) and only then should you disconnect the DC voltage
from the Windy Boy!
Page 14 WB11_17-11:FE4205 Operating instructions
SMA Technologie AG Unit description
3.2 Device construction
An attractive, functional design is one of the major design objectives of the entire
Windy Boy product range. In its basic configuration, the Windy Boy has the proven
status display consisting of three LEDs. An extra display can be provided already installed or can be retrofitted.
As long as it is installed and commissioned according to the technical specifications,
the Windy Boy can be operated without any further modification or configuration.
The device parameters can however be modified, if required.
Windy Boy 1100/1700 Enclosure IP65 (outside installation possible)
SMA grid guard
Transformer
Optional
display
(IP65)
Bridge
Optional
communi-
cation
interface
RS232
RS485
Powerline
Radio
+
+
DC input with 2x2 DC connectors
Characteristic
wind curve
Overvoltage
protection:
Thermally
monitored
varistors
An extra communications interface is required for ideal adaptation of the Windy Boy to suit the particular wind turbine being
used, and this can also be used for reporting operation data. For
further details, please refer to chapter 7 "Expansions” (page 39).
L
N
AC plug
PE
Operating instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 15
Unit description SMA Technologie AG
All DC connections and connections for the mains grid, as well as any optional communications connections are to be found on the underside of the Windy Boy. Each of
the + and - DC connections are internally connected in parallel within the Windy Boy.
Plug connector for DC
+
Plug connector for DC -
Opening for optional communication
via RS232, RS485 or Radio (for PG16)
AC plug for the
mains supply connection
Page 16 WB11_17-11:FE4205 Operating instructions
SMA Technologie AG Unit description
3.3 Operating modes
The operational status is displayed using three light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in the cover of the Windy Boy. To allow the device to signal its operational status via the integrated LEDs, the Windy Boy must be connected to the DC side of the system. There
must be enough wind energy present, so that the Windy Boy has adequate DC voltage.
Pac 903W
Upv 330V
Netzwechselrichter für Windenergieanlagen
Grid tied inverter for wind turbines
Especially in the first year of operation, the operator of the system should
check this display under different wind speeds.
A complete description of the possible displays can be found in chapter 3.3.4 "Description of the operational status” (page 19). These can be split into three categories:
3.3.1 Normal operation
As long as the green control LED is on, or blinking, the Windy Boy is operating normally. The simultaneous illumination of all three LEDs is also an indication of normal
operation ("Initialization"). All other displays are a sign of abnormal operation.
Operating instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 17
Unit description SMA Technologie AG
3.3.2 Critical, faulty operation
A comprehensive safety concept limits the number of critical conditions that can occur
to a single situation:
Input voltage exceeds the permitted value
This is indicated by the following blink-code on the yellow LED:
The yellow LED
illuminates 4 times
LED on
LED off
3s 1s1s 1s 1s
5s
The message is repeated 3 times
and then begins again.
The yellow fault LED illuminates for 5 seconds when the fault occurs, and then begins
displaying the blink code of: 3 seconds off and then 4 times briefly on. This code is
displayed three times in succession. If the fault is still present, the fault display starts
again from the beginning.
The presence of excessive input voltage can lead to irreparable
damage! Immediately disconnect the DC input of the Windy Boy.
12
34
When the Windy Boy receives an excessive DC input voltage, it automatically
disconnects from the mains network and no longer feeds power into the grid.
When the Windy Boy is in operation, you must always first disconnect the AC
voltage (mains supply) and only then should you disconnect the DC voltage
from the Windy Boy!
3.3.3 Non-critical, faulty operation
All other fault codes indicate some form of faulty operation, which are not usually
dangerous to people or equipment, but which should nevertheless be investigated
and corrected.
Despite all precautions, it is possible that other faults may occur that cannot be displayed (e.g. failure of the status display). In order to recognize such faults, the operator of the system should use the explanations in chapter 3.3.4 "Description of the
operational status” (page 19) to check the plausibility of the displayed status.
Further detailed diagnoses are possible using the communication options detailed in
chapter 7 "Expansions” (page 39).
Page 18 WB11_17-11:FE4205 Operating instructions
SMA Technologie AG Unit description
3.3.4 Description of the operational status
No (or low) input voltage
The Windy Boy is in Standby mode. This
situation occurs when the input perfor-
All LEDs are off.
Initialization
All LEDs are on.
mance is too low for feeding the mains
grid (DC input voltage < approx. 80 V)
and for satisfying the on-board power requirements.
The on-board computer of the Windy
Boy is presently in the initialization process. The DC input voltage of the Windy
Boy lies between approx. 80 V and approx. 120 V. The power is adequate for
the on-board power requirements but insufficient for mains-grid feed-in or for
data transmission.
Working mode
The Windy Boy has successfully passed
the measurement electronics and SMA
Green LED is on.
Operating instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 19
grid guard self-tests and has begun feedin operation.
The Windy Boy is working normally and
is feeding electricity into the mains grid.
It is converting the DC voltage from the
wind turbine according to the V/I characteristic curve defined by <U
WindStart> and <UDCWindMax>
<U
DC
Start>,
PV
(chapter 5 “Turbine operation" on
page 31).
Unit description SMA Technologie AG
Stop
The Windy Boy is in Stop mode. Among
other functions, the measurement elec-
1s
Green LED blinks 3
times per second.
tronics are calibrated and then finally,
the device switches to "Waiting" mode.
The "Stop" mode can also be manually
set by the system operator via the Sunny
Boy Control or the Sunny Data PC program. In this case, the Windy Boy remains in "Stop" mode until a new
operating mode ("MPP mode", "Turbine
mode") has been set.
Maintenance, grid monitoring
The Windy Boy checks if the initial conditions necessary for feeding the mains
1s
The green LED blinks
once per second.
supply are satisfied (e.g. start voltage)
and then begins monitoring the mains
network.
Derating
The temperature monitoring of the
1s
The green LED turns off
briefly once per second.
Windy Boy has reduced the output performance to prevent the device from
overheating. If this occurs often, then this
is an indication of inadequate heat dissipation.
To avoid unnecessary reductions in
yield, in this case it should be checked if
the Windy Boy can be mounted in a better position with better ventilation.
Page 20 WB11_17-11:FE4205 Operating instructions
SMA Technologie AG Unit description
Defective varistor or insulation fault
The green LED blinks
once per second.
The red LED is
continuously on.
Consult trained electrical personnel to correct the fault. You should
also read about this issue in the "Installation manual".
The red LED of the Windy Boy illuminates
continuously. A ground fault exists or
one of the thermally monitored varistors
on the DC input is defective as a result of
overvoltage.
Constant operational limiting
This message is displayed if a fault develops in the grid monitoring and/or the independent disconnection device (SMA
The yellow LED is
continuously on.
grid guard). The Sunny Boy has detected
a fault in the SMA grid guard during an
internal test and has disabled the mains
supply feed-in.
This usually indicates a fault that cannot
be corrected on site. Please consult the
manufacturer (chapter 11 "Contact”
(page 65)) and discuss further action to
solve the problem with them.
Operating instructions WB11_17-11:FE4205 Page 21
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