SMA WB 3600TL User Manual
EN
Wind Power Inverter
WINDY BOY 3600TL / 5000TL
Installation Guide
WB36TL_50TL-IEN102011 | IMEN-WB36_50TL | Version 1.1
SMA Solar Technology AG Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 Notes on this Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.1 Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2 Target Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.3 Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.4 Symbols Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1 Appropriate Usage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.2 Safety Precautions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.3 Explanation of Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3.1 Symbols on the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3.2 Symbols on the Type Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3 Unpacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.1 Packing List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.2 Identifying the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4 Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.2 Selecting the Mounting Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.3 Mounting the Inverter with the Wall Mounting Bracket . . . . . . 17
4.4 Mounting the inverter with a top hat rail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5 Electrical Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.2 Overview of the Connection Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.3 Connection to the Power Distribution Grid (AC). . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.3.1 Conditions for the AC Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.3.2 Connecting the Inverter to the Power Distribution Grid (AC) . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.3.3 Additional Grounding of the Housing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
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5.4 Connecting Windy Boy Protection Box (DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.4.1 Conditions for the DC Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.4.2 Assembling the DC Plug Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5.4.3 Opening the DC Plug Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.4.4 Connecting the Windy Boy Protection Box (DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
5.5 Setting the Country Standard and Display Language . . . . . . . 39
5.5.1 Checking the Country Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
5.5.2 Setting the Country Standard and Language using Rotary Switches . . . . . . 43
5.6 Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
5.6.1 Multi-function relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
5.6.2 Communication module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
5.6.3 Polynomial Characteristic Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
6 Initial start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
6.1 Self-test according to DK 5940, ED. 2.2 (for Italy only). . . . . . 52
6.1.1 Starting the Self-Test by Tapping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
6.1.2 Test Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
6.1.3 Interruption of the Self-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
6.1.4 Restarting the Self-Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
6.2 Display Messages during Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
6.3 Operating Conditions of the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
7 Disconnecting the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
7.1 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
7.2 Disconnect the device from voltage sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8 Restarting the system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
9 Maintenance and Cleaning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
9.1 Checking Heat Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
9.1.1 Cleaning the Fan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
9.1.2 Checking the Fans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
9.2 Checking the Electronic Solar Switch (ESS) for Wear . . . . . . . 68
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10 Slot for SD card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
11 Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
11.1 Event messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
11.2 Error Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
12 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
12.1 Checking the Small Wind Turbine System for a Ground Fault . 77
12.2 Checking the Functioning of the Varistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
13 Decommissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
13.1 Dismantling the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
13.2 Packing the Inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
13.3 Storing the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
13.4 Disposing of the Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
14 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
14.1 Windy Boy 3600TL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
14.2 Windy Boy 5000TL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
15 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
16 Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
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Table of Contents SMA Solar Technology AG
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SMA Solar Technology AG Notes on this Manual
1 Notes on this Manual
This manual describes the assembly, installation, commissioning and maintenance of the following
SMA inverters:
• Windy Boy 3600TL (WB 3600TL-20)
• Windy Boy 5000TL (WB 5000TL-20)
Store this manual where it can be accessed at all times.
1.1 Validity
This manual is valid for the Windy Boy 3600TL and Windy Boy 5000TL.
1.2 Target Group
This manual is for qualified personnel. The tasks described in this manual may be performed by
qualified electrical technicians only.
1.3 Additional Information
You will find further information on special topics such as designing a line circuit breaker or the
description of the operating parameters in the download area at www.SMA.de/en.
Refer to the user manual for detailed information on operating the inverter.
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Notes on this Manual SMA Solar Technology AG
1.4 Symbols Used
The following types of safety warnings and general information are used in this manual:
DANGER!
"DANGER" indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.
WARNING!
"WARNING" indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death
or serious injury.
CAUTION!
"CAUTION" indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or
moderate injury.
NOTICE!
"NOTICE" indicates a situation that can result in property damage if not avoided.
Information
Information provides tips that are valuable for the optimal installation and operation of
your product.
☑ This symbol indicates the result of an action.
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SMA Solar Technology AG Safety
2 Safety
2.1 Appropriate Usage
The Windy Boy is a wind power inverter, which converts rectified cur ren t of a small w ind tur bin e system
into AC current and feeds this energy into the power distribution grid, domestic grid or the
SunnyIslandsystem.
Principle of a small wind turbine system with Windy Boy
Furthermore, the Windy Boy can be used as an inverter for power conversion units based on the
permanent magnet generators (hydro power systems, combined heat and power plant,
dieselgenerator, etc.). The manufacturer of the small wind turbine system or the generators should
have his system set up for operation with the Windy Boy (see also the Windy Boy planning guidelines
in the download area at www.SMA.de/en).
SMA Solar Technology AG recommends to operate Windy Boy and a small wind turbine system
without neutral grounding.
When designing the system, ensure that the permitted operating range of all components is
maintained at all times. Also use appropriate protective measures to make sure that the maximum
permissible input voltage of the inverter is not exceeded. Use of the WBP-Box 500-11
WindyBoyProtection Box by SMA Solar Technology AG is obligatory.
Do not use the Windy Boy for purposes other than those described here. Alternative uses,
modifications to the Windy Boy or the installation of components not expressly recommended or sold
by SMA Solar Technology AG void the warranty claims and operation permission.
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Safety SMA Solar Technology AG
2.2 Safety Precautions
DANGER!
Danger to life due to high voltages in the inverter.
• All work on the inverter may be carried out by qualified personnel only.
• T he a ppl iance is not to b e us ed b y ch ildren o r pe rso ns w ith re duced physical, sensory
or mental capabilities, or lack of experience and knowledge, unless they have been
given supervision or instruction.
• Children should be supervised to ensure that they do not play with the appliance.
CAUTION!
Danger of burn injuries due to hot enclosure parts.
During operation, the upper lid of the enclosure and the enclosure body may become hot.
• Only touch the lower enclosure lid during operation.
CAUTION!
Possible damage to health as a result of the effects of radiation.
• Do not stay closer than 20 cm to the inverter for any length of time.
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2.3 Explanation of Symbols
This section contains an explanation of all symbols found on the inverter and type label.
2.3.1 Symbols on the Inverter
Symbol Explanation
Operation Display. Indicates the operation condition of the inverter.
An error has occurred. Read the installation guide and the user manual
toremedy the malfunction.
Bluetooth® Wireless Technology. Shows the status of Bluetooth
communication.
Tap to switch on the display light and switch to the next display message.
When the Electronic Solar Switch is plugged in, the DC circuit is closed.
To interrupt the DC circuit and disconnect the inverter securely under
load , you must release the inverter as described in
section7.2”Disconnect the device from voltage sources” (page59).
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Safety SMA Solar Technology AG
2.3.2 Symbols on the Type Plate
Symbol Explanation
Warning: dangerous electrical voltage.
Th e in verter o per ate s at hig h vo ltages. Any wor k on and at th e inverter must
be carried out by a qualified electrician only.
Beware of hot surface.
The inverter can become hot during operation. Avoid contact during
operation.
Observe all documentation that accompanies the inverter.
Th e in ver ter must not b e di spo sed of togeth er w ith the househol d waste. For
more information on disposal, see section 13.4”Disposing of the Inverter”
(page84).
CE mark.
The inverter complies with the requirements of the applicable EC
guidelines.
The inverter is transformerless.
Direct current (DC).
Alternating Current (AC).
Protection rating IP54.
The inverter is protected against dust deposits in the interior and against
splashes of water from all angles.
RAL quality mark for solar products.
The inverter complies with the requirements of the German Institute for
Quality Assurance and Labeling.
Device class label.
The inverter is equipped with a wireless component that complies with the
harmonized standards.
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SMA Solar Technology AG Unpacking
3 Unpacking
3.1 Packing List
Check the delivery for completeness and any visible external damage. Contact your dealer if anything
is damaged or missing.
Object Number Description
A 1 Inverter
B 1 Wall mounting bracket
C 8 DC plug connectors (4 x positive / 4 x negative)
D8 Sealing plugs for DC plug connectors
E 1 Installation Guide
F1 User Manual
G 1 Set of documents with explanations and certificates
H1 Supplementary sheet with inverter factory settings
3.2 Identifying the Inverter
You can identify the inverter by the type plate. The type plate is on the right side of the enclosure.
The serial number (Serial No.) and the type (Type / Model) of the product, as well as device-specific
characteristics are specified on the type plate.
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Mounting SMA Solar Technology AG
4 Mounting
4.1 Safety
DANGER!
Danger to life due to fire or explosion.
Despite careful construction, electrical devices can cause fires.
• Do not mount the inverter on flammable construction materials.
• Do not mount the inverter in areas where highly flammable materials are stored.
• Do not mount the inverter in areas with a risk of explosion.
CAUTION!
Danger of burn injuries due to hot enclosure parts.
• Mount the inverter in such a way that it cannot be touched inadvertently during
operation.
CAUTION!
Risk of injury due to the heavy weight of the inverter.
• Remember that the inverter weighs approx. 18 kg.
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4.2 Selecting the Mounting Location
Consider the following points when selecting where to install:
• The mounting method and location must be suitable for the inverter's weight and dimensions
(see section 14”Technical Data” (page85)).
• Mount on a solid surface.
• The mounting location must at all times be clear and have safe access without the use of
additional aids such as scaffolding or lifting platforms. Any possible service actions are
otherwise limited.
• Vertical installation or tilted backwards by max. 15°.
• Never mount the device with a forward tilt.
• Do not mount horizontally.
• The connection area must point downward.
• Mount at eye level to allow operating status to be read at all times.
• To ensure optimal operation, the ambient temperature should be below 40°C.
• Do not expose the inverter to direct sunlight to avoid a power reduction due to excessive
heating.
• I n a l ivi ng a rea, do n ot m oun t th e unit on pla ste rbo ard wal ls (or si mil ar) in o rde r to avoid au dib le
vibrations. The inverter can make noises when in use, which may be perceived as a nuisance in
a living area.
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Mounting SMA Solar Technology AG
• Observe the minimum clearances to walls, other
inverters or objects as shown in the diagram in
order to ensure sufficient heat dissipation and
sufficient space for the removal of the Electronic
Solar Switch.
Multiple inverters installed in areas with high ambient temperatures
There must be sufficient clearance between the individual inverters to ensure that inverters
are not subjected to dissipated air from adjacent devices.
If necessary, increase the clearances and make sure there is enough ventilation to ensure
sufficient cooling of the inverters.
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4.3 Mounting the Inverter with the Wall Mounting Bracket
1. Use the wall mounting bracket as a drilling template and mark the positions of the drill holes.
Number of drill holes used
• When mounting on the wall, use one of the top holes on the left and right and the
bottom hole in the center.
• Use the two holes in the center when mounting the device to a pillar.
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Mounting SMA Solar Technology AG
2. Attach the wall mounting bracket to the wall using
appropriate screws (diameter min. 6 mm) and
washers (outer diameter min. 18 mm).
3. Transport the inverter using the handles on the
sides.
4. Attach the inverter to the wall bracket slightly to the
left of its final position.
The right edge of the rear side of the inverter must
be flush with the right edge of the wall mounting
bracket.
5. Check both sides to ensure that it is correctly in
place.
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6. Push the inverter to the right on the wall mounting
bracket, until it locks into place with the locking bolt
on the back wall.
7. Check both sides to ensure that the inverter is
correctly in place.
☑ The inverter is now securely mounted to the wall.
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Mounting SMA Solar Technology AG
Optional Theft Protection
To protect the inverter from theft, you can lock it to the
rear panel with a padlock.
The lock must meet the following requirements:
•Size:
A: 6 mm … 10 mm diameter
B: 21 mm … 35 mm
C: 20 mm … 33 mm
D: 40 mm … 60 mm
E: 13 mm … 21 mm
•Stainless
• Hardened shackle
• Secured lock cylinder
Storage of the key
Keep the key safe in case required for servicing.
Outdoor Installation
Use a padlook suitable for outdoor use. Regularly check the correct function of the
padlock.
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4.4 Mounting the inverter with a top hat rail
Requirements for installing the top hat rail
• Use a TH-35-7.5 supporting rail compliant with DIN EN 60715.
• Use stainless steel top hat rail and screws to prevent contact corrosion.
• Install on level ground only.
• Use fastening material suitable for the surface. Please observe the weight of the inverter.
Procedure
1. Use the top hat rail as a drilling template and mark the positions of the drill holes.
2. Attach top hat rail with suitable screws (diameter
min. 6 mm) and washers (outer diameter min.
18 mm).
Use one screw at least every 300 mm.
3. Transport the inverter using the handles on the
sides.
4. Suspend the inverter on the top hat rail using the
opening on its rear wall.
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Mounting SMA Solar Technology AG
5. Check both sides to ensure that it is correctly in
place.
Securing the Inverter Against Excavation
Additionally secure the inverter in the wall using screws.
1. Remove the Electronic Solar Switch towards the bottom.
2. Loosen all six captive screws and remove lid.
3. Drill through the back wall of the enclosure.
4. Use a suitable drill bit at least 120 mm in length.
5. Insert suitable wall anchor.
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6. Fasten the inverter.
The screw must meet the following requirements:
Length: min. 100 mm
Diameter: 8 mm
Screw head: Hex screws or slotted screws
not countersunk
☑ The inverter is protected against excavation.
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Electrical Connection SMA Solar Technology AG
5 Electrical Connection
5.1 Safety
WARNING!
Electric shock resulting from short circuit.
If cables with a different voltage are routed in parallel, there is the risk of a short circuit in
the event of damage to the cable insulation.
• Route all cables separately.
CAUTION!
Electrostatic discharges can damage the inverter.
Internal components of the inverter can be irreparably damaged by static discharge.
• Ground yourself before touching a component.
5.2 Overview of the Connection Area
The following figure shows the assignment of the individual connection areas, openings in the housing
and cable glands of the inverter.
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Object Description
A Input area A:
DC plug connectors to connect Windy Boy Protection Box (WBP‑Box 500-11)
B Electronic Solar Switch (ESS) socket
CInput area B:
DC plug connectors to connect Windy Boy Protection Box (WBP‑Box 500-11)
D Connector for optional communication via RS485
E Terminal for multi-function relay
F Terminals for grid connection (AC)
G Cable gland for grid connection (AC) (12 mm … 25 mm)
H Cable gland for connection to multi-function relay (6 mm …12 mm)
I Jumper slot for setting the language to English
K Rotary switch for the configuration of Bluetooth communication
L Housing opening for optional communication via RS485
M Rotary switch to set the country of installation and the display language
N Slot for the SD card
O Ground terminal to additionally ground the inverter
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Electrical Connection SMA Solar Technology AG
5.3 Connection to the Power Distribution Grid (AC)
5.3.1 Conditions for the AC Connection
Observe all connection conditions of the utility operator for connecting to the power distribution grid!
Residual current breaker
The inverter is equipped with an integrated universal current sensitive residual-current monitoring unit.
The inverter can automatically differ between real fault currents and "normal" capacitive leakage
currents.
If an external RCD or residual current breaker is strictly required, you must use a switch that triggers
at a failure current of 100 mA or higher.
Cable Sizing
The grid impedance of the AC cable must not exceed 1 Ohm. Otherwise, the inverter will disconnect
at full feed capacity due to excessive voltage at the feed-in point.
The wire cross-section should be dimensioned so output losses do not exceed 1% at nominal power.
The maximum cable lengths depending on the wire diameter are displayed in the following table.
Cross section of insulated
conductor
6.0 mm² 23.3 m 18.6 m
10.0 mm² 38.8 m 31.1 m
The conductor cross-sectional area required in individual cases depends on the following factors,
among others:
• Ambient temperature,
•Routing method,
•UV resistance,
•Conduction losses,
• valid installation requirements of the respective country (installation location).
WB 3600TL WB 5000TL
Maximum wire length
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Cable requirements
Object Description value
A External diameter 12 mm … 25 mm
B Cross section of insulated conductor max. 10 mm²
C Strip insulation Approx. 12 mm
Load Disconnection Unit
You must install a separate line circuit breaker for each inverter in order to ensure that the inverter
can be securely disconnected under load. The maximum permissible rating is located in
section14”Technical Data” (page85).
De tai led inf orm ation an d ex amp les for the ratin g of a li ne circuit breaker can be found in the Technical
Information "Line Circuit Breaker" in the SMA Solar Technology AG download area at
www.SMA.de/en.
DANGER!
Danger to life due to fire.
When more than one inverter is connected to the same line circuit breaker, the protective
function of the line circuit breaker is no longer guaranteed. It can result in a cable fire or
the destruction of the inverter.
• Never connect several inverters to the same line circuit breaker.
• Comply with the maximum permissible fuse protection of the inverter when selecting
the line circuit breaker.
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Electrical Connection SMA Solar Technology AG
DANGER!
Risk of electric shock.
When a generator (inverter) and a consumer are connected to the same line circuit
breaker, the protective function of the line circuit breaker is no longer guaranteed. The
current from the inverter and the grid can accumulate to overcurrent, which is not detected
by the line circuit breaker.
• Never connect consumers between the
in verter and the li ne circuit breaker without
protection.
• Always protect consumers separately.
CAUTION!
Damage to the inverter by using screw type fuse elements as a load
disconnection unit.
A screw type fuse element, e.g. D system (Diazed) or D0 system (Neozed) is not a circuit
breaker, and may not be used as a load disconnection unit. A screw type fuse element is
only used as cable protection.
When disconnecting under load using a screw type fuse element, the inverter can be
damaged.
• Use only a load disconnection switch or a line circuit breaker as a
loaddisconnectingunit.
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5.3.2 Connecting the Inverter to the Power Distribution Grid (AC)
1. Check that the grid voltage is within the admissible voltage range.
The exact operating range of the inverter is specified in the operating parameters. The
corresponding document is located in the download area at www.SMA.de/en, in the
"Technical Description" category of the respective inverter.
2. Disconnect the line circuit breaker and secure against re-connection.
3. Ensure that the small wind turbine system is stopped and secured so it will not restart.
4. Remove the Electronic Solar Switch.
5. Loosen all six captive screws and remove lid.
6. Check whether the inverter has been set to the correct country standard using the rotary switch.
Please refer to section 5.5.1”Checking the Country Standard” (page40) for an overview of
switch positions for country standards and the display language. Factory settings of the inverter
are provided on the supplied supplementary sheet.
7. If the inverter is not set to the desired country standard, then adjust the country standard as
de scr ibe d in sec tio n 5. 5.2”Set tin g th e Co unt ry S tan dar d an d La ngu age usi ng R ota ry S wit che s”
(page43).
Installation Guide WB36TL_50TL-IEN102011 29
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