Simrad NSE8, NSE12 Operation Manual
Operation Manual
Simrad NSE8 and NSE12
Multi-function Displays
English
www.simrad-yachting.com
A brand by Navico - Leader in Marine Electronics
Preface
Disclaimer
As Navico is continuously improving this product, we retain the right to make changes to
he product at any time which may not be reflected in this version of the manual. Please
t
contact your nearest distributor if you require any fur ther assistance.
It is the owner’s sole responsibility to install and use the instrument and transducers in
a manner that will not cause accidents, personal injury or property damage. The user of
this product is solely responsible for observing safe boating practices.
NAVICO HOLDING AS AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES, BRANCHES AND AFFILIATES DISCLAIM
ALL LIABILITY FOR ANY USE OF THIS PRODUCT IN A WAY THAT MAY CAUSE ACCIDENTS,
DAMAGE OR THAT MAY VIOLATE THE L AW.
Governing Language: This statement, any instruction manuals, user guides and other
information relating to the product (Documentation) may be translated to, or has been
translated from, another language (Translation). In the event of any conflict between any
Translation of the Documentation, the English language version of the Documentation
will be the official version of the Documentation.
This manual represents the product as at the time of printing. Navico Holding AS and its
subsidiaries, branches and affiliates reserve the right to make changes to specifications
without notice.
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 Navico Holding AS.
Feedback from you
Your feedback is important and helps Navico ensure that this manual is a valuable
esource for all marine technicians. E-mail your comments or suggestions about this
r
manual to the following address:
tech.writing@navico.com
Warranty
The warranty card is supplied as a separate document.
n case of any queries, refer to the brand web site of your display or system:
I
www.simrad-yachting.com
Declarations and conformance
This equipment is intended for use in international waters as well as coastal sea areas
dministered by countries of the E.U. and E.E.A. For more information refer to the
a
separate NSE8/NSE12 Installation manual.
About this manual
This manual is a reference guide for operating the Simrad NSE8 and NSE12 systems. It
ssumes that all equipment is installed and configured, and that the system is ready to
a
use.
The manual assumes that the user has basic knowledge of navigation, nautical
terminology and practices.
The manual does not cover basic background information about how equipment such as
radars, echo sounders and AIS work. Such information is available from our web site:
www.simrad-yachting.com/en/Support/Library/.
Important text that requires special attention from the reader is emphasized as follows:
Used to draw the reader’s attention to a comment or some important information.
Used when it is necessary to warn personnel that they should proceed carefully
to prevent risk of injury and/or damage to equipment/personnel.
Preface | 1
In this manual you will see few direct text references to keys, menus and menu entries,
and few step-by-step descriptions. By using graphics we will guide you to the key and
the required menu selections.
In the illustrations throughout the manual the following symbols are used:
MENU WIN
x2
MENU WIN
Press twice on
illustrated key
MENU WIN
3 s
Single short press
on illustrated key
Press and hold on
illustrated key with
MENU WIN
time indication
Single short
Rotate rotary knob
press on rotary
knob
References to keys on the operator panel are written in boldface, e.g. WIN key.
The so
ftware
This manual is written for Simrad NSE Release to Market 1 (RTM1). Please check web site
for details on release version.
x2
MENU WIN
2 | Preface
The About dialog above is an example only and may not match the sw installed on your
unit!
The manual will be continuously updated to match new sw releases. The latest available
manual version can be downloaded from www.simradyachting.com.
Contents
1 Overview ........................................................................................7
Front panel ....................................................................................... 7
The NSE screen structure ................................................................... 8
Communicating with the NSE unit ........................................................ 9
2 Basic operation ............................................................................. 11
Turning the unit on/off ..................................................................... 11
Positioning a Man Over Board mark ................................................... 11
Adjusting the backlight..................................................................... 12
Operating the menu system .............................................................. 12
Using the cursor .............................................................................. 13
Adding entries in dialog boxes ........................................................... 13
Working with pages and panels ......................................................... 14
3 Using the simulator....................................................................... 15
Simulator mode .............................................................................. 15
Demonstration mode ....................................................................... 15
Advanced simulator settings ............................................................. 15
4 Using charts .................................................................................. 17
The chart panel ............................................................................... 17
The vessel symbol ........................................................................... 18
Using the cursor on chart panel ......................................................... 18
Chart scale ..................................................................................... 19
Searching for chart objects ............................................................... 19
Displaying chart information ............................................................. 19
Positioning the chart on the panel ..................................................... 20
Selecting chart details level .............................................................. 20
Chart categories ............................................................................. 21
Chart imagery style ......................................................................... 21
Chart overlay .................................................................................. 21
Chart data ...................................................................................... 21
Chart options in Navionics chart database .......................................... 22
Photo overlay .................................................................................. 22
5 Waypoints, routes & tracks ........................................................... 25
Waypoints ...................................................................................... 25
Tracks............................................................................................ 26
Routes ........................................................................................... 27
The waypoints, route and tracks page ................................................ 28
6 Using the radar .............................................................................29
Table of contents | 3
The radar panel .............................................................................. 29
The radar operational modes ............................................................ 30
Setting up the radar image ............................................................... 30
Using the cursor on the radar panel ................................................... 31
Optimizing the radar image............................................................... 32
Setting a guard zone around your vessel ............................................ 33
Other vessels on the radar image ...................................................... 34
Measuring range and bearing to a target ............................................ 34
7 Other vessels on chart and radar image .......................................37
Target symbols ............................................................................... 37
How to display other vessels ............................................................. 38
Receiving MMSI messages ................................................................ 38
Defi ning a guard zone around you vessel ............................................ 38
Target alarm settings ....................................................................... 39
Viewing information about targets ..................................................... 39
Finding other AIS vessels ................................................................. 40
8 Using the echosounder .................................................................41
The echosounder image ................................................................... 41
Pausing the sounder image .............................................................. 41
Setting up the sounder display ......................................................... 42
Using colors .................................................................................... 43
Using the cursor on the echosounder panel ......................................... 44
Optimizing the echosounder image .................................................... 45
Recording the echosounder data ....................................................... 46
9 Navigating ....................................................................................49
Start navigating .............................................................................. 49
Cancel navigation ............................................................................ 49
Navigation parameters ..................................................................... 50
Navigation panels ............................................................................ 51
10 The instrument panel ....................................................................53
Switching between dashboards ......................................................... 53
Dashboard styles ............................................................................ 53
4 | Table of contents
Adding dashboards .......................................................................... 53
Customizing a dashboard ................................................................. 53
11 The utilities pages ........................................................................55
Vessels .......................................................................................... 55
Alarms ........................................................................................... 56
Satellites ........................................................................................ 56
Find ............................................................................................... 56
Waypoints/routes/tracks .................................................................. 56
Trip Log ......................................................................................... 57
Sun/moon ...................................................................................... 57
Tides ............................................................................................. 57
Files .............................................................................................. 57
12 Customizing your system .............................................................. 59
Page setup ..................................................................................... 59
Adjusting panel size ......................................................................... 61
Setting the appearance of the instrument bar ..................................... 61
Changing system settings ................................................................. 62
13 Sirius audio and weather (North America only) ............................ 63
Sirius audio .................................................................................... 63
Sirius weather ................................................................................. 65
Setting up the weather image ........................................................... 65
Weather forecast ............................................................................. 66
Weather alarm settings .................................................................... 66
Animating weather graphics .............................................................. 66
14 Using video ................................................................................... 67
The video panel .............................................................................. 67
Customizing your video settings ........................................................ 67
Optimizing the video image .............................................................. 68
Selecting video standard .................................................................. 68
15 The alarm system ......................................................................... 69
Type of messages ............................................................................ 69
Acknowledging a message ................................................................ 69
Customizing the alarm settings ......................................................... 70
16 Maintenance ................................................................................. 71
Preventive maintenance ................................................................... 71
Simple maintenance procedures ........................................................ 71
Backing up your system data ............................................................ 71
17 Menu overview ..............................................................................73
Settings menus ............................................................................... 73
Context menus ............................................................................... 74
Plot menu....................................................................................... 74
Goto menu ..................................................................................... 74
18 Index ............................................................................................ 75
Table of contents | 5
Blank page
6 | Table of contents
Overview1
Front panel
5
8
10
11
ECHORADARCHART NAV INFO PAGES
1
2 4
3
PLOT
GO TO
MARK
VESSEL
MENU
WIN
IN
OUT
MOB
ABC DEF
123
JKLGHI MNO
456
TUV
PQRS
WXYZ
7
809
STBY
PWR
AUTO
6
7
9
12
13
Direct Access Keys (DAK). Provide direct access to a page. Repeated presses
1
of each DAK cycles through several different pages that relate to the DAK
PLOT/MARK key. A short press activates the Plot menu, a long press positions
2
a waypoint at the vessel position
Rotary knob. Used to maneuver in the menu system, and for context specific
3
operation
GOTO/VESSEL key. A short press activates the Goto menu, a long press
4
centers the chart to vessel position
5
3 ( Tick) key. Activates/confi rms current selection
X (Exit) key. Used to close dialogs, and to return to previous menu level.
6
Toggles between cursor and vessel position on chart panels. Removes the
cursor from the screen on radar and echosounder panels
Cursor keypad used to move the cursor on the display, and to maneuver in the
7
menu system
MENU key. A single press displays the context menu for active panel/overlay/
8
operation. Pressing the key twice displays the Settings menu
WIN key, used on multiple panels pages. A short press toggles between the
9
panels, a long press expands active panel to a full page panel
10 Zoom keys for radar, echosounder and chart pages
11 MOB key. A long press positions a MOB waypoint at the vessel’s position
Alpha numeric keypad used for entering numbers and text in dialog boxes.
12
NOTE: The STBY/AUTO key is reserved for future use.
Power key. A short press activated the Light dialog, a long press turns the unit
13
off
Overview | 7
The NSE screen structure
Pages and page groups
The NSE screen is comprised of page groups, accessed by pressing one of the Direct
Access Keys (DAK).
CHART RADAR ECHO NAV INFO PAG ES
Chart Radar Echosounder Navigation Info Utilities
Each page group (except the Utilities pages) may include 5 pages. The first page in a
page group will always be a full screen panel.
The system comes pre-configured with some commonly used pages, and you can also
define your own pages. Refer the Customizing your system section.
Chart page group example Radar page group example
Panels
Each application connected to the NSE system is presented on panels, and you can have
up to 4 panels per page.
1-panel page 2-panels page 3-panels page 4-panels page
The following panels are available:
Panel Description
Chart Marine chart. Can be displayed as 2D or 3D (Navionics charts)
Radar Radar PPI (Position Plan Indicator)
Echo Echosounder
Instruments Confi gurable set of screens representing live data from the vessel.
Shown as digits analog/linear gauges
Steer Navigation information
Video Live video
Position GPS Position, SOG/COG and time
8 | System overview
In addition to these panels the following applications can be connected and displayed on
other panels:
Application Description
AIS AIS information as overlay on chart and radar panels
Weather Weather graphics and data as overlay on chart panel.
Sirius Weather application is available in North America only.
Audio Satellite radio functions as a panel along the bottom of a page.
Sirius Audio application is available in North America only.
Instrument bar
Sensors connected to the system can be viewed in an instrument bar on top of your
screen.
Several display options are available for this bar; refer Customizing your system
section.
Communicating with the NSE unit
The NSE system communicates with the user by using menus and dialogs.
PLOT
MARK
x2
MENU WIN
MENU WIN
GO TO
VESSEL
Settings menu
The system includes one Settings menu, accessed by pressing the MENU
key twice. It provides access to system settings, advanced settings for each
function and for vessel specific settings.
Context menus
A context menu contains items that are relevant to the current
context. A context menu is accessed by pressing the MENU key.
Each panel has its own context menu which gives access to basic
functions for that panel.
Plot menu
Used for creating new waypoints, routes and tracks, and for
accessing the waypoints, routes and tracks library.
The menu can be accessed independent on which panel that is
active. When the PLOT key is pressed any other menu action will be
interrupted.
PLOT
MARK
GO TO
VESSEL
Goto menu
Used to start the navigating function.
When the vessel is navigating the menu will be expanded to include options
to stop or change navigation.
The menu can be accessed independent on which panel that is active. When
the GOTO key is pressed any other menu action will be interrupted.
System over view | 9
Dialogs
Dialogs are used for entering user input or for presenting
information to the user.
A dialog may be presented in full-screen, or as a popup
dialog in the centre of the screen.
Depending on type of information or entry, different keys
are used to confirm, cancel and close the dialog.
Alarm messages
The NSE system will continually check for dangerous situations and
system faults while the system is running.
When an alarm situation occurs, the Alarm window will pop up.
If you have enabled the siren, an audible alarm will be activated when
any alarm situation occurs.
Refer to The alarm system section for further information.
10 | System overview
Basic operation2
Turning the unit on/off
POWER ON STAND BY POWER OFF
3 s
PWR
PWR
PWR
If you turn the unit ON when no external equipment is connected you will be asked to
run in simulator mode.
When you turn ON the system after the first-time initialization, the system will start with
the same page and with settings that were activated when the system was turned OFF.
If the radar is running you can turn it to standby mode from
within the Light dialog.
PWR
Positioning a Man Over Board mark
If an emergency situation should occur, you can position a Man Over Board waypoint at
the vessel’s current position by pressing and holding the “1” key.
When you activate the MOB function the following actions are automatically performed:
a MOB waypoint is positioned at the vessel’s position -
the display switches to a zoomed - Chart panel, centered on vessel position
the vessel starts navigating towards the MOB waypoint -
3 s
MOB
1
The vessel will continue navigating towards the MOB point
until the waypoint is reached or until you select to stop this
navigation.
PLOT
MARK
GO TO
VESSEL
Basic operation | 11
Adjusting the backlight
The backlight for LCD and keys can be adjusted at any time independent of what is on
the screen.
+
PWR
or
10
10
MENU WIN
1 6
PWR
A night mode is included and optimized for low light conditions.
Details on the chart may be less visible when the Night mode is selected!
3
Operating the menu system
Selecting menu item and confi rming selection
You operate a menu by using the rotary knob to select menu item, and then pressing the
knob to confirm your selection.
You can also operate the menu by using the arrow keypad to select an item, and then
the Tick key to confirm a selection.
MENU WIN
The illustrations for menu operation throughout this manual will refer to the rotary knob!
MENU WIN
12 | Basic operation
MENU WIN
Exiting the menu
By pressing the X key the menu will return to previous menu level, and then exit.
Using the cursor
The cursor is by default not shown on any panel.
When you use one of the arrow keys on a Chart, Radar or
Echosounder panel the cursor will become visible. The cursor
information window will show position coordinates at the
cursor position, and range and bearing to the vessel.
On an Echosounder panel the cursor information window will
include the depth at cursor position.
Further use of the cursor is described in the Chart, Radar and Echosounder sections.
To remove the cursor and cursor elements from the panel, press the X key.
Adding entries in dialog boxes
Selecting entry fi eld
You switch between the entry fields and keys in a dialog box by using the rotary knob or
the arrow keys.
You can enter information by pressing the rotary knob or the Tick key when a field is
highlighted.
MOB
ABC DEF
123
JKLGHI MNO
456
TUV
PQRS
7
STBY
AUTO
809
IN
WXYZ
PWR
OUT
Adjusting values
You adjust a numeric value in a field by using the keypad or the rotary
knob.
You need to press the rotary knob first to change the function from
selecting fields to editing the slider.
Entering text
The alpha numeric keypad is used for entering digits and text in dialog boxes.
If digit entries are required the keyboard will input digits only.
If both digits and letters are accepted in a dialog repeated short presses on the key will
cycle through the letters for that key, while a long press will enter the respective digit.
KEY 1st press 2nd press 3rd press 4th press/or press
and hold
ABC
2
Press the IN key for uppercase letters and the OUT key for lowercase.
Depending on type of information or entry different keys are used to confirm the entries.
When confirmed or cancelled the dialog box will close.
ABC 2
Context help in the dialog boxes
When you select an input field, a context
help for that field will be shown.
Basic operation | 13
Working with pages and panels
Selecting pages
You access a page group by pressing the corresponding DAK (Direct Access Key).
PAG ESINFONAVECHORADARCHART
Active DAK is indicated with a red symbol right above the key.
When you press a DAK for the first time, the default page for
that group is displayed. When you later switch between the page
groups, the last active page in each group will be displayed.
If you repress a page group’s DAK a list of available pages for that group will be
displayed.
Selecting active panel
In a split screen you can have multiple panels, but only one panel can be active
at a time. You will only be able to access the context menu of the active panel.
Active panel is outlined with a red border.
You switch between active panels by pressing the WIN key.
ECHORADARCHART
MENU WIN
Maximizing active panel
You press and hold the WIN key to maximize the selected panel. By repressing the WIN
key the panel will return to the previous split screen view.
3 s
MENU WIN
MENU WIN
Editing a page
You can edit any page in a page group except the first page. You can also define your
own pages for each DAK as described in the Customizing your system section.
14 | Basic operation
x2
3 Using the simulator
MENU WIN
Simulator mode
The simulation feature main data sources, so you can see how the unit works without
being connected to echosounder, radar, GPS etc.
You can use the simulator to help you become familiar with your unit before using it out
on the water.
When the simulator is toggled on this is indicated in the lower part of
the display.
Demonstration mode
In this mode the unit automatically runs through the main features of
the product; it changes pages automatically, adjusts settings, opens
menus etc.
If you press a key when demo mode is running, the demonstration will
pause. After a time-out period, demo mode will resume again.
Advanced simulator settings
The advanced simulator settings allows you to define how to run the
simulator. When the settings are saved these will be used as default
when starting the simulator mode.
Source fi le
Selects data to be used.
A set of source files is included in your system, and you
can import files by using a USB stick or a memory card.
Refer to The utilities pages section.
You can also use your own recorded echosounder files in
the simulator.
For how to record echosounder files, refer to the Using
the echosounder section.
GPS source
Selects where the G
Speed, Course and Route
Used for manually enter values when GPS source is set to
mulated course or Simulated route. Otherwise, GPS
Si
data including speed and course comes from the selected echosounder or radar files.
Set start position
Moves the vessel to current cursor position.
s
PS data is generated from.
Simulator | 15
Blank page
16 | Simulator
Using charts4
On the chart panel you can determine your vessel’s position in relation to land. You can
use the chart display for planning routes and sailing along a predefined route.
The chart function can also display your vessel’s position relative to other chart objects,
plan and navigate routes, create waypoints; overlay a radar image and display AIS
targets and information.
On a chart panel you can overlay radar image, AIS information and weather symbols
(North America only).
The chart panel
x2
MENU WIN
RANGE
RINGS *
WAYPOINT *
VESSEL
TRACK *
GRID LINES *
EXTENSION
LINE *
ROUTE *
CHART RANGE RANGE
NORTH
INDICATOR
SCALE
* Optional chart image items
You turn the optional images on/off individually.
Using char ts | 17
x2
MENU WIN
The vessel symbol
When a GPS and a suitable compass sensor is connected to the system, the vessel
symbol indicates vessel position and heading.
The vessel’s extension line can be activated to show course over ground. The length of
the line indicate the distance that the vessel will travel with current speed in selected
period.
If no GPS is available the vessel symbol will include a question mark.
Using the cursor on chart panel
The cursor by default is not shown on the chart panel.
When you press one of the arrow keys the cursor will become
visible, and the cursor position window will be activated.
When you are in cursor mode, the chart will not pan or
rotate to follow the vessel.
Pressing the X key will toggle the chart position between the vessel and the previous
cursor position.
To remove the cursor and cursor elements from the panel, press the X key.
Selecting objects
When you rest the cursor over a chart item, a
waypoint, a route or a target, basic information for
the selected item will be displayed.
By pressing the rotar y knob or the tick key when
a chart item is selected all available information
about that item will be shown.
Popup information has to be enabled.
Creating waypoints and routes
You can use the cursor to position waypoints and routes as described in Waypoints,
Routes and Tracks section.
18 | Using charts
MENU WIN
Measuring distance
The cursor can be used to measure the distance between your vessel and a position or
between 2 points on the chart panel.
Use the following process to measure a distance.
Start the Measure function1
Move the cursor towards the second measuring 2
point
A line will be drawn from the vessel center to the cursor position, and the distance will be
listed in the Cursor Information window
You can reset the measurement and start measuring
from cursor position by pressing the Tick key.
You terminate the measuring function by pressing the X key.
Chart scale
You zoom in and out in the chart by using the IN/OUT keys or by
using the rotary knob.
Chart scale will be shown in the lower right corner of the chart
panel.
Searching for chart objects
The chart context menu includes a search function used to find and display chart
objects.
This function is also available from the Utilities pages.
Displaying chart information
You can display available information for the chart and chart items in cursor or vessel
position.
You can select further details about a selected item by pressing the rotary knob or the
Tick key.
Using char ts | 19
MENU WIN
Positioning the chart on the panel
Selecting chart center
When the cursor is active on the panel, the chart will be centered around the cursor
position (cursor mode).
Pressing X key will remove the cursor, and the chart center will be positioned at the
vessel (vessel mode).
You can toggle between cursor mode and vessel mode by pressing the X key .
Panning
By moving the cursor to the edge of the panel, the chart will be panned in the cursor’s
direction.
Look ahead
This option moves the vessel backwards on the chart image so that
you can have maximum view ahead of your vessel.
Setting the chart orientation
Several options are available for how the chart is rotated in the
panel. The chart orientation symbol in the panel’s upper right corner
indicates the north direction.
North up
Displays the chart with the north direction upward.
Corresponds to the usual orientation of nautical charts.
Heading up
Displays the chart with the vessel’s heading directly up
on the chart image.
Heading information is received from a compass. If
heading is not available, then the COG from the GPS
will be used.
Course up
Rotates the chart in the direction of the next waypoint
when in navigation mode.
This option works only when there’s an active route.
If no route is active the heading up orientation will be
used until a route is made active.
Selecting chart details level
Low
This is the basic level of information that cannot be removed, and
includes information that is required in all geographic areas. It is not
intended to be sufficient for safe navigation.
20 | Using charts
Medium
This is the minimum information sufficient for navigation.
Full
This is all available information for the chart in use.
Chart categories
This option enables you to select which chart categories you want to display on your
chart.
Chart imagery style
The charts can be displayed in two different imagery styles.
2D presents chart information in a basic mapping mode, while the shaded relief option
presents chart including terrain information.
MENU WIN
x2
MENU WIN
2D Shaded relief
Chart overlay
Radar and weather information can be displayed as overlay on your chart panel.
When one of the overlay options are selected the chart context menu will be expanded to
include basic function for the selected overlay.
Radar and Sirius weather functions are described in separate sections in this manual.
Chart data
The NSE system can use Simrad and Navionics chart databases.
The Navionics chart includes options that not are available in the
Simrad database. Navionics options are described in the following
sections.
Using char ts | 21
Chart options in Navionics chart database
MENU WIN
Chart view
The Navionics chart database provides you with 2D and 3D
view options.
2D presents chart information in a basic mapping mode, but
with Navionics Platinum details.
3D provides a three dimensional graphical view of land and sea
contours.
3D Zooming
You zoom the 3D chart by using the IN/OUT keys.
Viewing the chart in 3D
There are two modes available for moving the camera in 3D views; Vessel mode and
Cursor mode. You switch between these two modes by pressing the X key.
Vessel mode
In this mode the camera follows the vessel. The vessel’s position will be in center if not
ook ahead option is selected. The camera angle is by default as seen from above and
L
behind the vessel, looking forward. You can tilt the camera by using the up/down arrow
keys, but you cannot rotate the camera horizontally.
Cursor mode
This mode includes two different options for moving the camera; Camera Pan and
amera Rotate. You switch between these two camera modes by pressing the rotary
C
knob or the √ key. Active camera mode is shown on top of the panel.
Camera Pan
In this mode you move the camera away from the vessel position and
ound in the chart by using the arrow keys, and rotate horizontally by
ar
using the rotating knob.
You can return to vessel position (vessel mode) by pressing the X key.
Camera Rotate
In this mode the camera position is fixed, and the camera can only be
otated. You rotate the camera horizontally by using the left/right arrow
r
keys or the rotating knob. You tilt the camera vertically by pressing the
up/down arrow keys.
Photo overlay
This option enables you to view satellite photo images of an area
as an overlay on the chart.
The availability of such photos is limited to certain regions.
You can view photo overlays in either 2D or 3D modes.
22 | Using charts
MENU WIN
The Photo overlay function is disabled as you zoom out beyond a certain level.
Photo transparency
The transparency sets the opaqueness of the photo overlay.
Optional settings for Navionics charts
Annotation
Determines what area information— such as names of locations and notes of areas—is
vailable on display.
a
Presentation type
Provides marine charting information such as symbols, colors of the na
vigation chart and
wording for either International or US presentation types.
Chart details
Provides you with different levels of geographical layer information.
Safety depth
The Navionics charts use different shades of blue to distinguish between shallow and
ep water.
de
The safety depth sets the limit for which depts that shall be drawn without blue this blue
shading.
Using charts | 23
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