FS 20/25 Operators Manual901-10037001/1.1
List of ContentsPage 1
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd
Products Warranty Policy
Effective January 1, 2002
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd. Warrants each new product (equipment) to be
free of defect s caused by faulty materials or poor workmanship for a period of t welve
(12) months for underwater equipment and twenty-four (24) months for surface
equipment from date of installation by an authorized Kongsberg Group Company,
Simrad Distributor, Dealer or Agency. The warranty does not apply to defects
caused by, force majeure events or misuse, including water damage t o the surface
equipment, improper maintenance and installation, including excessive wear and
tear for which Kongsberg Simr ad m esot ech Ltd. Is not responsible.
Underwater Equipment:
Warranty for underwater Equipment that is hull mounted such as those
•
mentioned below will be assessed on a
not be covered by the warranty.
case-by case
basis but shall generally
1. Hull Units, Soundomes assembly and echo sounder transducer
2. Transducer unit, speed, temperat ure and depth sensors
NOTE:
dry- docking and diving, is not covered by this warranty.
Additional expenses connected with replacement of transducers, such as
Warranty on Parts or Equipment Replacement:
It is at the sole discretion of Kong sberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd. t o either repair or
•
replace any unit/part that fails within the lim its of the Warranty Policy.
The Warranty Policy is only valid on new equipment: Replacement of parts,
•
components, and/or PCB Boards during a warranty repair does not extend the
original warranty period.
Consumable Materials:
Consumable materials, such as lam ps, f uses, o-ring s, g ask et and bat ter ies, shall
•
not be replaced free of charge.
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
901-10037001/1.1FS 20/25 Operators Manual
Page 2List of Contents
Warranty Service:
Warranty service is available worldwide through authorized Kongsberg Group
•
Companies, Simrad Distributors, Dealers or Agencies. When requesting
warranty service, you must supply the following information:
1. Proof of purchase.
2. Equipment part number and serial number .
3. Fault description and all relevant vessel information.
Labour cost for the repair or replacement of any products/equipment and/or
•
module/parts is the responsibility of t he servicing agent or dealer.
All customs, duties, brok erage charges and local taxes, overtime, expenses for
•
meals, tools, launch services, ferries, lodgings, normal adjustment s and routine
maintenance are not covered by this warranty policy.
DISCLAIMER
Maximum liability shall not, in any case, exceed the contract pr ice of the products
•
claimed to be defective.
Consequential damages including, but not limited to, any loss of profit, property
•
damage or personal injury, are not covered by the warranty policy.
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
FS 20/25 Operators Manual901-10037001/1.1
List of ContentsPage 3
1.1.12Trawl Cable, Winch and Block..............................................................1.7
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
901-10037001/1.1FS 20/25 Operators Manual
Page 1.2System Familia riza tio n
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
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System Fa milia riza tio nPage 1.
1. SYSTEM FAMILIARIZATION
1.1 OVERVIEW
The SIMRAD FS 20/25 Series is a third wire trawl monitoring system f or pelagic and
bottom fishing trawlers. The system provides real time images f rom the trawl sonar
head and data from the sensors to the bridge, thus maximizing the quality of the
catch and reducing sea time.
The FS 20 vertical trawl sonar allows the operator to see the complet e net opening
and operation, by displaying individual fish targets in the vertical plane, the fish
school location, bottom/net location and net geometry. In addition to the vertical
monitoring, the FS 25 horizontal scanning t rawl sonar allows the operator to see and
display the fish behavior ahead of the trawl, around the trawl opening, and look at
the cod end of the trawl. The FS 25 also allows the operator to measure the spread
of the trawl door, view and skim banks to avoid reefs and locate boulders on the
ocean floor that may damage the t r awl net.
The sonar beam can be horizontally trained 360°. The automatic search features
and full 90° tilt capability ensures maximum control during the tow. The active
motion compensation for pitch and roll com es as standard features.
The addition of the trawl system’s sensor module will allow the operator to monitor
trawl depth, water temperature and receive inf ormation from up t o 4 catch receivers
indicating when the cod end fills up with fish.
The FS Trawl Sonar Series is a modular system. It is operated with ease through
direct access PC Mouse and Keyboard operated menus. The major benefit of the
third wire trawl sonar system is that it prevents the loss of communicat ion with the
trawl as the vessel is changing course.
1.1.1 Equipment Configuration
A complete Trawl Monitoring System consists of:
• Simrad LCD or VGA display monitor.
• FS 20/25 HP PC Processor.
• FS 20/25 PWR/TTM Interface Module
• TS 15, Vertical 120kHz, 330kHz, 675kHz Trawl Sonar Head
• FS Sensor Module 1800m
• FS 925, 90 kHz Horizontal Scanning Sonar Head
• Deployment Housing and Installation materials
nd
• 2
Remote Station, Catch Sensor, Color Printer, and VCR (optional)
These components are described in the following sections.
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1.1.2 System Configuration
FS 20/25 330 kHz Trawl Moni toring
System Confi guration
Optional
DGPS
Optional
LCD MONITOR
NMEA IN/OUT
KeyboardKeyboard
901-10050000
FS20/25 HP/PC
Processing Unit
Remote KeyPad
805-00030000
110/240 vac
Imput
OPTIONAL 2ND
LCD MONITOR
PC
Mouse
SIMRAD FS 20/25
901-60040000
FS20/25 PWR/TTM Unit
144-0217
RS 232 Cable
Optional
LCD MONITOR
436-00410000 Test Cable
Remote KeyPad
805-00030000
OPTIONAL 2ND
LCD MONITOR
901-10060000
FS20/25 HP/PC Optional
Remote Processing Unit
974-80010000
FS900/925 Housing
974-25050000
90 kHz Cone Head
PC
Mouse
974-24050000
TS15S 330kHz Head
200 kHz Net Sounder
Option
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
Optional Catch
Receiver
974-24030000
TS15 330 kHz Head
971-80090000
FS 3300 Sensor
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System Fa milia riza tio nPage 1.
1.1.3 Display Monitor
The display monitor for the FS 20/25 HP PC processor can be either a VGA “CRT ”
or LCD Simrad ruggedized monitor, but any commercially available monitor may be
used. In order to have the full benefit of high resolution provided by the video MultiDisplay adapter available with the FS processors, you should use a Simrad LCD
Monitor.
1.1.4 Processor Unit
The FS 20/25 Series HP PC is the control unit for the system. The installed FS
20/25 system software processor provides a mechanism for the sonar head
detection, setup and operation. It is operated through the Main Control panel to
enable the Sonar selection, tilt, range, gain, cursor, and by moving the mouse
pointer over the toolbar will allow the operator to perf orm certain operations with a
simple mouse click. A Remote Keypad is also available to simplify the operation of
the system.
The sector heading and width are also controlled by a single mouse click used to set
the center of the area to be scanned and the width of the sector scan, up to 360°, in
the polar mode.
The rear panel of the HP PC contains the connectors for AC power, Dual Monitor
port, or output for VCR recording, Serial A, Serial B port, Keyboard, Mouse, and
Printer, and Network port. The Network port can be used to connect the remote
workstation. Note: A security key (or “ dongle”) must be attached to the par allel port
to enable full operation of t he system .
1.1.5 Power Supply/TTM Interface Module
The FS 20/25 power supply assembly provides the high voltage required by the trawl
sonar. The DC output voltage is combined with the telemet ry signals, and supplied
to the trawl sonar.
The long line power supply voltage and current are monitored by a voltage and
current meter, a selector switch located below the voltage meter can be used to
select the output voltage of the power supply required for the appropriate system
configuration. Also, a separate on/of f switch is located in the front panel. Note: The
main on/off switch and fuse are located on the rear panel of the TTM Module.
The TTM assembly is the interface that provides translation between the PC serial
port and the sonar telemetry communication pr ot ocol.
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1.1.6 Deployment Housing Unit
The trawl deployment housing unit is made fr om polyurethane and designed for the
harshest of environments, yet it is easy to handle. The FS 20/25 trawl unit contains
the vertical sonar head, the horizontal scanning trawl sonar, the temperature and
depth sensor module and the catch receiver. T he mount ing k it supplied contains t he
strain relief and other hardware for attaching the trawl cable to the trawl headrope.
The trawl cable is connected to the trawl sonar by a watertight connector and a
locking sleeve. Commands are sent down the cable fr om the processors to operate
the sonar. The sonar image and sensor data are sent up the cable to t he processor
and displayed on the appropriate monitor.
1.1.7 Jointing Tool
Jointing tools and materials are required for splicing the trawl cable and attaching
the trawl “pigtail” connector to the trawl sonar. Simrad supplies jointing tool kits
especially designed for coaxial cable with a breaking point of 1500kg. The jointing kit
will allow you to make 10 cable joints.
1.1.8 Catch Sensors
The catch sensor “eggs” ar e wireless sensors mounted on the cod-end of the trawl
net to detect the stretch of the net as it fills up with the catch. When sufficient stretch
of the net occurs, the catch sensor sends an acoustic signal to the trawl sonar
sensor module through the catch receiver.
This information is then sent t o the processor and displayed on the monitor.
The sensors are of a rugged construction in order to withstand the strain from
winches and the power block. The operator can use up to four sensors
simultaneously. The catch sensors are equipped with recharg eable batteries.
1.1.9 Printer Option
A parallel output port is available on the rear panel of the HP PC processor unit f or
connecting a HP DeskJet color printer. This option allows hard copies of t he Sonar
images to be printed using another software application “PC Paint”.
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
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System Fa milia riza tio nPage 1.
1.1.10 Sounder Option
The FS 20/25 HP PC is configured t o output NMEA 183 data information. When a
sensor module is included in the system, the depth and temperature output are
transmitted to the processor and displayed on the monit or. When interfaced to the
Simrad EQ 55 or ES 60 color sounder, the headrope and the footrope infor mation
appears on the sounder, showing the location of the t rawl in relation to the fish or
bottom returns.
1.1.11 VCR Option
The FS 20/25 HP PC processor video adapter provides S-Video and NTSC
composite video output. This allows the operator to record the sonar image by
connecting a VCR, instead of the second monitor, on the video output “2” using the
special adapter cable included with the system.
1.1.12 Trawl Cable, Winch and Block
The trawl cable is chosen for maximum mechanical strength, durability and
maximum attenuation of the signals. Cables in common use are coaxial with
breaking points of 1500kg. and 6000kg.
Cable winches are delivered in different types and with different capacities; lowpressure hydraulic, high-pressure hydraulic and electrically driven. Choice of winch
is dependent on prevailing conditions; type and length of cable and available source
of power. Most types operate automatically - the cable is pulled out, k ept tig ht during
towing, and hauled in together with the trawl. Contr ol of the winch is done remotely
from the bridge.
Any commercially available pulley block may be used to properly align the cable
onto the winch. A snatch block has the advantage that it may be installed without
having to thread the cable through it . A unit with two m ovable steering arms (one on
each side of the pulley) is recommended to prevent the cable from coming off the
pulley and causing damage to the cable.
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
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Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
FS 20/25 Operators Manual901-10037001/1.1
Theory of OperationPage 2.1
PART 2
THEORY OF OPERATION
2.THEORY OF OPERATION..............................................................................2.3
901-10037001/1.1FS 20/25 Operators Manual
Page 2.2Theory of Operation
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Theory of OperationPage 2.
2. THEORY OF OPERATION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This section explains the theory of operation of the Vertical and Hor izontal Scanning
Trawl Monitoring Sonar System.
2.1.1 Basic Principles
• Sound waves travel very efficiently through water.
• A sound pulse can be project ed t hr ough water in a controlled direction with the
sonar transducer.
• An object in t he pat h of the projected sound pulse will reflect some sound pulse
back toward the sonar transducer.
• The speed of the sound pulse projected through the water can be pr edict ed for
given conditions.
2.1.2 Determining Target Position
The trawl scanning sonar processor measures the tim e from the start of t he sound
pulse projected through water, to the reception of the sound pulse reflected back to
the sonar transducer. The measured t im e is t hen converted to distance by using
value of sound speed through water.
Since the sound pulse is projected in a known direction, the bearing of the reflected
object is also known. This makes it possible t o locate the object with respect to the
sonar transducer; the infor m ation will be used to plot the position of the ref lect ed
target on a video graphic display monitor.
2.1.3 Forming an Image
The sound pulse projected will be attenuated as it travels through the water from t he
transducer to the target and back. Much of this att enuation is a predictable function
of the total time or the dist ance the sound pulse traveled through water. Increasing
the receiving gain with time can compensate for this decrease in the signal level.
This is done automatically in the sonar with a Time Varying Gain circuit.
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
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Page 2.4Theory of Operation
After the TVG correction, the absolute levels of the received signals will be
determined by the acoustic response of the ref lect ing target.
The sonar processor system repeatedly measures the TVG corrected target levels
by digitizing a sequence of samples after each sound pulse transmission. Each
sample is then plotted on the video display at the appropriate position according to
its range and bearing. The level of the target strength sample determines the color
used to plot each sample.
The process can be repeated with the transducer pointed in different directions,
forming an image of a large area of the bottom, (or the trawl net geometry) and
displaying it on the video screen.
In simple word, the TVG function controls the gain of the receiver so that a school
with a given size and density is presented with approximately the same strength on
the display, inside the regulated TVG range. This can also be seen as a filter,
because it reduces he noise close to the vessel.
2.1.4 Key Feature Setting
The following paragraph will explain some of the key feature of the FS 20/25 System
performance.
2.1.4.1 AGC
Automatic Gain Control (AGC)
The AGC “Automatic Gain Control” algorithm increases the gain during the low
acoustic return and reduces the gain during strong acoustic returns. The speed with
which the gain is adjusted is determined by the setting of the “ RX Gain Response”
as explained in paragraph 1.1.4.3
2.1.4.2 RCG
Reverberation Control Gain (RCG)
The RCG filter senses the noise level (reverberation, propeller noise, etc.), and
adjusts the gain of each the received beams in order to eliminate noise on the
display. The strength of the filter can be selected in the menu. With maximum
strength selected, the RCG will effect ively reduce the bottom in shallow water, while
variation on the bottom will be displayed.
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
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Theory of OperationPage 2.
Note that scattered fish can be perceived as reverberation. The RCG filter must be
used with care if scattered schools are to be detected.
2.1.4.3 RX Gain Response and T ype
The setting of the “RX Gain Response” determines the response of the filter
algorithm as selected by the “RX Gain T ype”. For the AGC, this setting determines
the speed by which the gain is adjusted. For the RCG, this set ting determines the
influence of the previous ping average over the current ping. If set to Slow, the
overall average is given by the sum of 20% current and 80% of previous average. I n
Medium this ratio is 50% to 50%, and the Fast, the ratio is 80% to 20%.
2.1.4.4 Pulse Length Cont r ol
The FS20/25 Trawl Sonar Heads are capable of changing the acoustic pulse length
that is transmitted. The surface processing unit calculates the pulse leng th based on
the operating range of the sonar head. It is g enerally better to use a long er pulse as
the operating range increases. However, the actual value can be optimized to
enhance the details in the sonar image (Optimize Resolution) or to increase the
target visibility at long distance away from the sonar head ( Maximum Range). The
system will automatically set the pulse length to match the range, unless manually
adjusted by the operator.
2.1.4.5 Optimize Resolution
The pulse length selection can be optimized to enhance the detail of the targ ets. It
has been experimentally determined that the pulse length corresponding t o 40% of
the sample period can increase the image resolution and details for t argets that are
generally larger than a few samples. This pulse length increases linearly with
increasing the operating rang e.
2.1.4.6 Maximize Range
The pulse length calculation can be optimized to increase the det ection range of the
sonar head. Generally, the longer the pulse leng th, the more energy is transmitted
into the water which could then travel a longer distance and get reflected from the
targets that are f urther away from the sonar head. It has been determined t hat the
pulse length corresponding to 80% of the sample period can increase t he detection
distance of the targets without major drain on the sonar head power supply. This
pulse length increases linearly with increasing the operating r ange.
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Page 2.6Theory of Operation
2.1.4.7 Peak Detection
The Peak Detection feat ur e can only be described as follows.
The older sonar heads were not capable of changing the acoustic pulse length. They
were generally operated at a pulse length of 100 Microseconds. This meant that at
range greater than 50 meters, there would have a good chance of not detecting
small targets. The reason f or this is that the combination of small target size, short
pulse length and long sample period could result in the acoustic return from the
target to fall in bet ween two samples and therefore not seen on the sonar image.
To remedy this, it was decided to take additional samples and select the strongest
echo target for the sonar image display. This is generally referred to as Peak
Detection because we are detecting the peak value of signal in between two
samples. The user can select the number of additional samples that the system
takes in order to detect the peak value.
Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
FS 20/25 Operators Manual901-10037001/1.1
FS 20/25 System OperationPage 3.1
PART 3
FS 20/25 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.FS 20/25 SYSTEM OPERATION ....................................................................3.3
3.18 INSTALLATION & SET UP .......................................................................3.14
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Kongsberg Simrad Mesotech Ltd.
Port Coquitlam, BC - Canada
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FS 20/25 System OperationPage 3.
3. FS 20/25 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The FS 20/25 Sonar uses a combination control panel for the most frequently
needed adjustments and a software menu system for less frequently needed
controls. This chapter describes the menu system and explains the adjustments to
the menu settings that may be made to cont r ol t he sonar operation
The menu system allows adjustments to several system parameters without
requiring a dedicated control panel for each item. It ems that lead to dialog boxes
are shown in the upper Tool Bar. All other items are system param eters that may be
modified. As you move the pointer over the tool bar, a simple help m essage will pop
up beside the pointer describing its funct ion. T o perf or m cert ain operat ions, just click
the mouse over the tool bar desired item. Select ed items are highlighted.
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Page 3.4FS 20/25 System Operation
The image Control Bar located at the bottom of the screen, will allow you the change
the system parameters. To change the value of the system paramet er, just click t he
mouse over the item you have selected, and a dialogue menu will automatically be
displayed. To modify its setting, j ust move the mouse up or down until the desir ed
value is highlighted and click the left button to activate the new setting.
3.2 CONTROL PANEL
3.2.1 Main Control Panel
The main control panel to the lef t side of the screen allows you to select the sonar
you want to control, FS 20 or FS 25, Gain, Rang e, Sector Heading and Width, Scroll
Speed, and Tilt for the FS 25. A color-coded gr aphical symbol shows the sector size
and heading for the selected sonar head. The main control panel can be docked,
undocked, floating and auto- hidden by selecting “VIEW” com m ands.
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FS 20/25 System OperationPage 3.
3.2.2 Tool Bar
The Tool Bar Icon at the top of the screen allows you to perf orm certain operations
with a single mouse click. As you move the mouse pointer over any of the toolbar
buttons, a simple help message will pop up beside the pointer describing its function.
The toolbar can be hidden by UN-checking the sonar toolbar in the “VIEW ” menu.
This will allow you to increase the are for displaying sonar image.
3.2.3 Header Menu Control
In addition to the main Control Panel and T ool Bar the Header Menu Contr ol Panel
located above the Tool Bar Icon provides the operator with full control of all
operation of the sonar system. This mini panel also allows you to set the Remote
Processing network unit. Clicking on the Full Screen Icon located on the Tool Bar
can hide the Header Menu.
3.2.4 Full Screen
The Full Screen Icon is used to maximize the sonar image and will remove the
Header Menu Control panel located above the Tool Bar. To cancel the ”Full Scr een”,
just UN-click the Full Screen Icon.
3.2.5 Save Image
The Save Image Icon is used to save the sonar image in the active window as a
Bitmap File and a Text document in Microsoft word with all the sonar setting s and
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Page 3.6FS 20/25 System Operation
can be later printed.
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FS 20/25 System OperationPage 3.
3.2.6 Clear Display
The Clear Display Icon is used to clear the sonar image on the active window.
3.2.7 Run and Stop
The Run Icon is used to start up the sonar system. When you click on the Run
Heads Icon the system will initialize the serial port, and start the calibration of each
sonar head connected to the TTM module. W hen you click the Stop Icon you will
automatically disconnect the sonar heads from t he system .
Note: If you want to “PAUSE” the sonar im age only just click on the Pause Button
Icon located on the left side of the Run Icon. Re click to start t he system up.
3.2.8 Play FWD Pause Record
These Icons are used to start the sonar images recording and stor ed in a data f iles
bank, the stored data f iles can be Played Back at a later date. The Pause Ic on will
stop the sonar playback images. You can also Fast Forward play the sonar im ages.
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Page 3.8FS 20/25 System Operation
3.2.9 Scan Reverse
The Scan Reverse Icon is used to change the direction of rotat ion of the sonar head
you have selected.
3.3 HEAD AND DISPLAY SETTING
The Head setting Icon is used to set up the system set ting of the sonar head you
have selected, i.e. Scan Mode, Transmit Pulse, Power, TVG setting, Baud Rate,
Sensors, Net Sounder and Gain. The Head setting section will also provide the
sonar head information you have connected to the system on the Info Page.
The Display Settings Icon is used to set up the Palette styles, Sector View, Grid,
Cursor 1, and 2, and the display Gain, and Catch Sensors.
3.4 CURSOR
The Cursors Icon is used to enable the cursor 1, and cur s or 2, when you activate the
Cursors Icon a dialogue window will be displayed on the sonar image.
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