Siemens SINUMERIK 840D sl, SINUMERIC 828D, SINUMERIK 840DE sl Programming Manual

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Measuring cycles

SINUMERIK

SINUMERIK 840D sl / 828D Measuring cycles

Programming Manual

_________________

Preface

_________________

Description

_________________

Measuring variants

_________________

Parameter lists

Changes from cycle version

_________________

SW4.4 and higher

_________________

Appendix

Valid for:

SINUMERIK 840D sl / 840DE sl / 828D controls

Software CNC software, Version 2.7 SINUMERIK Operate for PCU/PC Version 2.7

02/2011

6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Legal information

Warning notice system

This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to prevent damage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert symbol, notices referring only to property damage have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below are graded according to the degree of danger.

DANGER

indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.

WARNING

indicates that death or severe personal injury may result if proper precautions are not taken.

CAUTION

with a safety alert symbol, indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.

CAUTION without a safety alert symbol, indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.

NOTICE indicates that an unintended result or situation can occur if the relevant information is not taken into account.

If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger will be used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to property damage.

Qualified Personnel

The product/system described in this documentation may be operated only by personnel qualified for the specific task in accordance with the relevant documentation, in particular its warning notices and safety instructions. Qualified personnel are those who, based on their training and experience, are capable of identifying risks and avoiding potential hazards when working with these products/systems.

Proper use of Siemens products

Note the following:

WARNING

Siemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technical documentation. If products and components from other manufacturers are used, these must be recommended or approved by Siemens. Proper transport, storage, installation, assembly, commissioning, operation and maintenance are required to ensure that the products operate safely and without any problems. The permissible ambient conditions must be complied with. The information in the relevant documentation must be observed.

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All names identified by ® are registered trademarks of Siemens AG. The remaining trademarks in this publication may be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of the owner.

Disclaimer of Liability

We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software described. Since variance cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full consistency. However, the information in this publication is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections are included in subsequent editions.

Siemens AG

Industry Sector Postfach 48 48 90026 NÜRNBERG GERMANY

Order number: 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0 Ⓟ 05/2011

Preface

SINUMERIK documentation

The SINUMERIK documentation is organized in the following categories:

● General documentation

● User documentation

● Manufacturer/service documentation

Additional information

You can find information on the following topics at www.siemens.com/motioncontrol/docu:

● Ordering documentation/overview of documentation

● Additional links to download documents

● Using documentation online (find and search in manuals/information)

Please send any questions about the technical documentation (e.g. suggestions for improvement, corrections) to the following address:

docu.motioncontrol@siemens.com

My Documentation Manager (MDM)

Under the following link you will find information to individually compile OEM-specific machine documentation based on the Siemens content:

www.siemens.com/mdm

Training

For information about the range of training courses, refer under:

● www.siemens.com/sitrain

SITRAIN - Siemens training for products, systems and solutions in automation technology

● www.siemens.com/sinutrain

SinuTrain - training software for SINUMERIK

FAQs

You can find Frequently Asked Questions in the Service&Support pages under Product Support. http://support.automation.siemens.com

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Preface

SINUMERIK

You can find information on SINUMERIK under the following link:

www.siemens.com/sinumerik

Target group

This programming manual is intended for machine tool programmers for the SINUMERIK Operate software.

Benefits

With the programming manual, the target group can develop, write, test, and debug programs and software user interfaces.

Standard scope

This documentation only describes the functionality of the standard version. Additions or revisions made by the machine manufacturer are documented by the machine manufacturer.

Other functions not described in this documentation might be executable in the control. This does not, however, represent an obligation to supply such functions with a new control or when servicing.

For the sake of simplicity, this documentation does not contain all detailed information about all types of the product and cannot cover every conceivable case of installation, operation, or maintenance.

Technical Support

You will find telephone numbers for other countries for technical support in the Internet under http://www.siemens.com/automation/service&support

Measuring cycles

4 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Preface ...................................................................................................................................................... 3

1 Description................................................................................................................................................. 9

1.1 Basics.............................................................................................................................................9

1.2 General prerequi

1.3 Behavior on block search, dry run, prog

1.4 Reference points on the machine and workpiece........................................................................13

1.5 Definition of the planes, tool types ...............................................................................................15

1.6 Probes that can be used ..............................................................................................................18

1.7 Probe, calibration body, calibration tool

1.7.1 Measuring workpieces on milling machi

1.7.2 Measuring tools on milling machines, machining centers ...........................................................23

1.7.3 Measuring workpieces at the turning mac

1.7.4 Measuring tools at lathes .............................................................................................................28

1.8 Measurement princ

1.9 Measuring strategy for measuring workpi

1.10 Parameters for checking the meas

1.11 Effect of empirical value, mean value, an

1.12 Measuring cycle help programs

1.12.1 CYCLE116: Calculation of center point and radius of a circle.....................................................44

1.12.2 CUST_MEACYC: User program before/after measurements are performed

1.13 Miscellaneous functions...............................................................................................................46

1.13.1 Measuring cycle support in the program

1.13.2 Measuring result screens.............................................................................................................47

sites...................................................................................................................11

ram testing, simulation..................................................12

.......................................................................................22

nes, machining centers.................................................22

hines...........................................................................25

iple.................................................................................................................30

eces with tool offset....................................................35

urement result and offset ......................................................38

d tolerance parameters...............................................43

...................................................................................................44

..............................46

editor............................................................................46

2 Measuring v

2.1 General requirements

2.1.1 Overview of the measuring cycles ...............................................................................................49

2.1.2 Selection of the measuring variants

2.1.3 Selection of the measuring variants

2.1.4 Result parameters........................................................................................................................55

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning) .......................................................................................................56

2.2.1 General information .....................................................................................................................56

2.2.2 Calibrate probe - length

2.2.3 Calibrate probe - radius on s

2.2.4 Calibrate probe - c

2.2.5 Turning measurement - front edge (CYCLE974)

2.2.6 Turning measurement - inside diameter (CYCLE

2.2.7 Turning measurement - outside diameter (CYCLE974,

2.2.8 Extended measurement

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

ariants .................................................................................................................................. 49

..................................................................................................................49

via softkeys (turning) ..........................................................51

via softkeys (milling) ...........................................................53

(CYCLE973)..........................................................................................57

urface (CYCLE973)........................................................................60

alibrate in groove (CYCLE973) ......................................................................63

.........................................................................67

974, CYCLE994) ............................................71

CYCLE994) ..........................................76

...............................................................................................................81

Table of contents

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling) ....................................................................................................... 83

2.3.1 Calibrate probe - length

2.3.2 Calibrate probe - radius in ring (CYCLE

2.3.3 Calibrate probe - radius on edge (CYCLE976)

2.3.4 Calibrate probe - c

2.3.5 Edge distance - set edge (CYCLE

2.3.6 Edge distance - align edge (CYCLE998)

2.3.7 Edge distance - groove (CYCLE977)

2.3.8 Edge distance - rib (CYCLE977)

2.3.9 Corner - right-angled corner (CY

2.3.10 Corner - any corner (CY

(CYCLE976) ......................................................................................... 83

976) .............................................................................. 86

........................................................................... 90

alibrate on ball (CYCLE976).......................................................................... 93

978)....................................................................................... 96

.................................................................................. 100

........................................................................................ 106

............................................................................................... 110

CLE961) ................................................................................ 114

CLE961) ............................................................................................. 118

2.3.11 Hole - rectangular pocket (CYCLE977) .................................................................................... 122

2.3.12 Hole - 1 hole (CY

2.3.13 Hole - inner circle s

2.3.14 Spigot - rectangular spi

2.3.15 Spigot - 1 circular spigot (CYCLE977)

2.3.16 Spigot - outer circle s

2.3.17 3D - align plane (CY

2.3.18 3D - sphere (CYCLE

2.3.19 3D - 3 spheres (CYCLE997)

2.3.20 3D - kinematic

CLE977) ........................................................................................................ 126

egment (CYCLE979).................................................................................. 130

got (CYCLE977)................................................................................... 134

...................................................................................... 138

egment (CYCLE979)............................................................................... 142

CLE998) ................................................................................................... 146

997).......................................................................................................... 150

..................................................................................................... 154

s (CYCLE996).................................................................................................... 159

2.4 Measure tool (turning)

............................................................................................................... 175

2.4.1 General information................................................................................................................... 175

2.4.2 Calibrate probe (CY

2.4.3 Turning tool (CYCLE

CLE982) .................................................................................................... 178

982).......................................................................................................... 182

2.4.4 Milling tool (CYCLE982)............................................................................................................ 186

2.4.5 Drill (CYCLE

2.4.6 Measure tool with toolholder that c

2.5 Measure tool (milling)

982)....................................................................................................................... 193

an be orientated ................................................................. 198

................................................................................................................ 200

2.5.1 General information................................................................................................................... 200

2.5.2 Calibrate probe (CY

2.5.3 Measure tool (CY

3 Parameter

lists....................................................................................................................................... 215

3.1 Overview of measuring cyc

3.1.1 CYCLE973 measuring cycl

3.1.2 CYCLE974 measuring cycl

3.1.3 CYCLE994 measuring cycl

3.1.4 CYCLE976 measuring cycl

3.1.5 CYCLE978 measuring cycl

3.1.6 CYCLE998 measuring cycl

3.1.7 CYCLE977 measuring cycl

3.1.8 CYCLE961 measuring cycl

3.1.9 CYCLE979 measuring cycl

3.1.10 CYCLE997 measuring cycl

3.1.11 CYCLE996 measuring cycl

3.1.12 CYCLE982 measuring cycl

3.1.13 CYCLE971 measuring cycl

CLE971) .................................................................................................... 202

CLE971)........................................................................................................ 208

le parameters................................................................................. 215

e parameters.................................................................................. 215

e parameters.................................................................................. 218

e parameters.................................................................................. 221

e parameters.................................................................................. 224

e parameters.................................................................................. 226

e parameters.................................................................................. 229

e parameters.................................................................................. 232

e parameters.................................................................................. 235

e parameters.................................................................................. 238

e parameters.................................................................................. 241

e parameters.................................................................................. 244

e parameters.................................................................................. 247

e parameters.................................................................................. 250

3.2 Additional parameters

3.3 Additional result param

Measuring cycles

............................................................................................................... 253

eters ..................................................................................................... 255

6 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Table of contents

3.4 Parameter ..................................................................................................................................256

A Changes from cycle versi

A.1 Assignment of the measuring cycle para

A.2 Changes in the machine and s

A.3 Complete overview of the changed cycl

A.4 Comparing GUD parameters

A.5 GUD variables that can no longer be used

A.6 Changes to names of cycle program

on SW4.4 and higher ..................................................................................... 257

meters to MEA_FUNCTION_MASK parameters.......257

etting data from SW 4.4 ............................................................260

e machine and cycle setting data ...............................261

(regarding measuring functions).................................................263

................................................................................267

s and GUD modules ........................................................269

B Appendix................................................................................................................................................ 271

B.1 Abbreviations .............................................................................................................................271

B.2 Documentation overview............................................................................................................272

Glossary ................................................................................................................................................ 273

Index...................................................................................................................................................... 279

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Table of contents

Measuring cycles

8 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.1 Basics

General information

Measuring cycles are general subroutines designed to solve specific measurement tasks. They can be adapted to specific problems via parameter settings.

When taking general measurements, a distinction is made between

● Tool measurement and

● Workpiece measurement.

Workpiece measurement

;

)

Workpiece measurement, turning example

In workpiece measurement, a probe is moved up to the clamped workpiece in the same way as a tool and the measured values are acquired. The flexibility of measuring cycles makes it possible to perform nearly all measurements required on a milling or turning machine.

The result of the workpiece measurement can be optionally used as follows:

● Compensation in the work offset

● Automatic tool offset

● Measurement without offset

=

Workpiece measurement, milling example

;

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.1 Basics

Tool measurement

;

Tool measurement, turning tool example

;

Tool measurement, drill example

In tool measurement, the selected tool is moved up to the probe and the measured values are acquired. The probe is either in a fixed position or is swung into the working area with a mechanism. The tool geometry measured is entered in the appropriate tool offset data set.

Measuring cycles

10 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.2 General prerequisites

Certain preconditions must be met before measuring cycles can be used. These are described in detail in the

Check the preconditions using the following checklist:

● Machine

– All machine axes are designed in accordance with DIN 66217.

– Machine data has been adapted.

● Starting position

– The reference points have been approached.

– The starting position can be reached by linear interpolation without collision.

● Display functions of the measuring cycles

A HMI/PCU or HMI/TCU is required for showing the measuring result displays and for measuring cycle support.

● Please observe the following when programming:

SINUMERIK 840D sl Base Software and Operating Software

References

– Tool radius compensation is deselected before it is called (G40).

– The cycle is called no later than at the 5th program level.

– The measurement is also possible in a system of units that differs from the basic

system (with technology data that has been switched over).

For metric dimension system with active G70, G700.

For inch dimension system with active G71, G710.

Supplementary information for this documentation is provided in the following manuals:

● Commissioning Manual

– /IM9/ SINUMERIK Operate

● /PG/, Programming Manual

● /FB1/, Function Manual

● /FB2/, Function Manual

● /FB3/, Function Manual

SINUMERIK 840D sl Base Software and Operating Software

SINUMERIK 840D sl / 828D Fundamentals Basic Functions Expanded Functions Special Functions

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.3 Behavior on block search, dry run, program testing, simulation

Function

The measuring cycles are skipped during execution if one of the following execution modes is active:

 "Trial run"

($P_DRYRUN=1)

Simulation

 "Program test"

 "Block search"

The simulation of the measuring cycles is realized in the user interface (HMI) in the "Program Editor" area.

Following settings are possible in the channel-specific setting data SD 55618:

● SD 55618 $SCS_MEA_SIM_ENABLE = 0

The measuring cycle is skipped, the HMI simulation shows no path motion of the probe.

● SD 55618 $SCS_MEA_SIM_ENABLE = 1

The measuring cycle is executed, the HMI simulation shows the corresponding path motion of the probe.

No measurements, tool or work offsets are made.

Actived functions such as "measuring result display" or "travel with collision monitoring" are not implemented.

($P_ISTEST=1)

($P_SEARCH=1), only if $A_PROTO=0.

Measuring cycles

12 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.4 Reference points on the machine and workpiece

General information

Depending on the measuring task, measured values may be required in the machine coordinate system (MCS) or in the workpiece coordinate system (WCS).

For example: It may be easier to ascertain the tool length in the machine coordinate system.

Workpiece dimensions are measured in the workpiece coordinate system.

Where:

● M = machine zero in the machine coordinate system

● W = workpiece zero in the workpiece coordinate system

● F = Tool reference point

Reference points

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:RUNSLHFH

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The position of tool reference point F in the machine coordinate system is defined with machine zero M as the machine actual value.

The position of the tip/cutting edge of the active tool in the workpiece coordinate system is displayed with the workpiece zero W as workpiece actual value. For a workpiece probe, the center or the end of the probe ball can be defined as the tool tip.

The work offset (WO) characterizes the position of the workpiece zero W in the machine coordinate system.

Work offsets (WO) comprise the components offset, rotation, mirroring and scaling factor (only the global basis work offset does not contain any rotation).

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.4 Reference points on the machine and workpiece

A distinction is made between the basis, work offset (G54 ... G599) and programmable work offset. The basic area contains further subsections – such as the basic work offset, channelspecific basic work offset and configuration-dependent work offsets (e.g. rotary table reference or basic reference).

The specified work offsets are effective together as chain and result in the workpiece coordinate system.

Note

Scale factors with a scaling value unequal to "1" are not supported by the measuring cycles! Mirroring functions are only permitted in conjunction with counterspindles on lathes.

The machine and workpiece coordinate system can be set and programmed separately in the "inch" or "metric" system of units (G70/G71).

Note Transformation  Measure workpiece

Workpiece measurements are always performed in the workpiece coordinate system. All descriptions relating to workpiece measurement refer to it!

 Measure tool

When measuring tools with kinematic transformation active, a distinction is made between basic coordinate system and machine coordinate system.

If kinematic transformation is deactivated, this distinction is made. All subsequent descriptions relating to tool measurement assume that kinematic

transformation is disabled and therefore refer to the machine coordinate system.

Measuring cycles

14 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.5 Definition of the planes, tool types

When measuring under milling, machining planes G17, G18 or G19 can be selected.

When measuring under turning, machining plane G18 must be selected.

For tool measurement, the following tool types are permitted:

● Milling, type 1..

● Drill, type 2 ...

● Turning tools, type 5 ...

Depending on the tool type, the tool lengths are assigned to the axes as follows:

● Workpiece probe, milling: Probe types 710, 712, 713, 714

● Workpiece probe, turning: Probe type, 580

Milling

*

*

*

;

Acts in ... G17 plane G18 plane G19 plane Tool type: 1xy / 2xy / 710 Length 1 1. Axis of the plane: Z Y X Length 2 2. Axis of the plane: Y X Z Length 3 3. Axis of the plane: X Z Y

Lengths 2 and 3 are used in special cases, for example, if an angle head is attached.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.5 Definition of the planes, tool types

Example of plane definition for milling

)

Turning

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/

;

Figure 1-1 Example: Milling machine with G17

;

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Turning machines generally only use axes Z and X and therefore:

G18 plane Tool type 5xy (turning tool, workpiece probe) Length 1 Acts in X (2nd axis of the plane) Length 2 Acts in Z (1st axis of the plane)

Measuring cycles

16 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.5 Definition of the planes, tool types

G17 and G19 are used for milling on a turning machine. If there is no machine axis Y, milling can be implemented with the following kinematic transformations.

● TRANSMIT

● TRACYL

In principle, measuring cycles support kinematic transformations. This is stated more clearly in the individual cycles, measuring variants. Information about kinematic transformation can be found in the Programming Manual

SINUMERIK 840D sl / 828D Fundamentals

or in the

documentation of the machine manufacturer.

Note

If a drill or milling cutter is measured on a lathe, in most cases, the channel-specific SD 42950 $SC_TOOL_LENGTH_TYPE = 2 is set: These tools are then length-compensated like a turning tool.

SINUMERIK controls have other machine and setting data that can influence calculation of a tool.

References:

● /FB1/, Function Manual

● /FB2/, Function Manual

● /FB3/, Function Manual

Example of plane definition for turning

;

Figure 1-2 Example: Lathe with G18

Basic Functions Expanded Functions Special Functions

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)

/

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.6 Probes that can be used

General information

To measure tool and workpiece dimensions, an electronic touch-trigger probe is required that provides a signal change (edge) when deflected with the required repeat accuracy.

The probe must operate virtually bounce-free.

Different types of probe are offered by different manufacturers.

Note

Please observe the information provided by the manufacturers of electronic probes and/or the machine manufacturer's instructions on the following points:

 Electrical connection  Mechanical calibration of the probe  If a workpiece probe is used, both the direction of deflection and transmission of

switching signal to the machine column (radio, infrared light or cable) must be taken into account. In some versions, transmission is only possible in particular spindle positions or in particular ranges. This can restrict the use of the probe.

Probes are distinguished according to the number of measuring directions.

● Multi-directional (multi probe)

● Mono directional (mono probe)

Workpiece probe Tool probe Multi-directional (3D) Monodirectional Milling machines Lathes

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; ;

<

=

The probes also differ in the form of the stylus tip: the measuring cycles support pin, L and star probes as autonomous tool types. The use of the probe types is referenced in the individual measuring cycles. The multi probe is universally applicable.

The use of probes requires a spindle that can be positioned. For a mono probe, the switching direction is tracked for each measurement by turning the spindle. This can lead to a longer program runtime.

Measuring cycles

18 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.6 Probes that can be used

Workpiece probe types

The following probe types are provided in the tool management for measuring with workpiece probes:

Figure 1-3 Probe types in the tool management

There is a calibration tool to calibrate tool probes (type 725) = cylindrical pin

Tool data from probes

The probes differ as a result of the tool type and the switching directions in tool parameter $TC_DP25[ ] bit16 to bit 25. The switching directions are permanently coded when creating the tool.

In the application, the probe can encompass several of the following tool types. In this case, several cutting edges should be created for the probe (D1, D2, etc. ).

Example: Multi probe with a boom

D1 3D_PROBE Type 710 D2 L_PROBE Type 713

The user must take into account the geometry of the probe when pre-positioning. To do this, you can read out individual tool data in the user program:

Example:

IF (($P_TOOLNO>0) AND ($P_TOOL>0)) R1= ($P_AD[6] ;Read tool radius of the actual tool ENDIF

The probe is aligned in the + X direction using parameter offset angle.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.6 Probes that can be used

3D_PROBE (multi probe)

Representation Properties Feature

Application: Universal Type: $TC_DP1[ ]=710

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;

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Tool length: in Z (for G17) Offset angle: $TC_DP10[ ] = 0 Switching directions: $TC_DP25[ ] = hex 0x00000000

MONO PROBE

Representation Properties Feature

Application: Alignment of the switching direction when

measuring

Type: $TC_DP1[ ]=712

;

=

Tool length: in Z (for G17) Offset angle: $TC_DP10[ ] = 0 to 359.9 degrees Switching directions: $TC_DP25[ ] = hex 0x00120000

L_PROBE

Representation Properties Feature

Application: Towing measurement in +Z

=

Type: $TC_DP1[]=713 Tool length: in Z (for G17)

;

Offset angle: $TC_DP10[ ] = 0 to 359.9 degrees Switching directions: $TC_DP25[ ] = hex 0x00220000 Radius in the plane

$TC_DP6[ ]

(length of the boom): Radius of the probe ball in

$TC_DP7[ ]

the tool direction:

The tool length is the reference point of the tool holder with the equator of the probe ball.

Measuring cycles

20 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.6 Probes that can be used

STAR PROBE

Representation Properties Feature

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Application: Measure hole parallel to the axis Type: $TC_DP1[ ]=714

;

Tool length: in Z (for G17) Offset angle: $TC_DP10[ ] = 0 to 359.9 degrees

;

Switching directions: $TC_DP25[ ] = hex 0x000F0000

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Radius in the plane (diameter of the star parallel to the axis):

Radius of the probe ball in the tool

$TC_DP6[ ]

$TC_DP7[ ]

direction:

The applications only refer to measurements in the plane (for G17 XY). Measurement in the tool

direction is not permitted using a star probe. If a measurement is to be made in the tool direction, a star element (boom) must be declared as an L probe.

The tool length is the reference point of the tool holder with the equator of one of the probe balls.

Assignment of the probe types

Probe type Lathes Milling and machining centers Tool measurement Workpiece measurement Workpiece measurement Multidirectional X X X Monodirectional -- -- X

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.7 Probe, calibration body, calibration tool

1.7.1 Measuring workpieces on milling machines, machining centers

Probe calibration

All probes must be mechanically correctly adjusted before use. The switching directions must be calibrated before they are used in the measuring cycles for first-time. This also applies when changing the stylus tip of the probe.

When being calibrated, the trigger points (switching points), position deviation (skew), and active ball radius of the workpiece probe are determined and entered into the data fields of the general setting data SD 54600 $SNS_MEA_WP_BALL_DIAM . There are 12 data fields.

Calibration can be realized in a calibration ring (known bore), on a calibration ball or on workpiece surfaces, which have an appropriate geometrical precision and low surface roughness.

Use the same measuring velocity for calibrating and measuring. This applies in particular to the feedrate overide.

1.7.2 Measuring tools on milling machines, machining centers

Tool probe

;

Figure 1-4 Measuring a milling cutter

Tool probes have their own data fields in the general setting data:

● For machine-related measurement/calibration:

– SD 54625 $SNS_MEA_TP_TRIG_MINUS_DIR_AX1

– SD 54626 $SNS_MEA_TP_TRIG_PLUS_DIR_AX1

– SD 54627 $SNS_MEA_TP_TRIG_MINUS_DIR_AX2

– SD 54628 $SNS_MEA_TP_TRIG_PLUS_DIR_AX2

● For workpiece-related measurement/calibration:

– SD 54640 $SNS_MEA_TPW_TRIG_MINUS_DIR_AX1

– SD 54641 $SNS_MEA_TPW_TRIG_PLUS_DIR_AX1

– SD 54642 $SNS_MEA_TPW_TRIG_MINUS_DIR_AX2

– SD 54643 $SNS_MEA_TPW_TRIG_PLUS_DIR_AX2

The triggering points (switching points), upper disk diameter and edge length are entered here.

Approximate values must be entered here before calibration – if cycles are used in automatic mode. The cycle will then recognize the position of the probe.

The default setting has data fields for three probes. Up to 99 are possible.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.7 Probe, calibration body, calibration tool

Calibration, calibration tool

A probe must be calibrated before it can be used. Calibration involves precisely determining the triggering points (switching points) of the tool probe and entering them in special data fields.

Calibration is performed with a calibration tool. The precise dimensions of the tool are known.

Use the same measuring velocity for calibrating and measuring.

Measurement version Calibrate probe (CYCLE971) (Page 202) is ready for calibration.

Entry in tool memory Calibrating tool probes Tool type ($TC_DP1[ ]): 1xy Length 1 - geometry

($TC_DP3[ ]): Radius ($TC_DP6[ ]): r Length 1 - basic dimension

($TC_DP21[ ]):

only if required

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The wear and other tool parameters must be assigned the value 0.

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Measuring cycles

24 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.7 Probe, calibration body, calibration tool

1.7.3 Measuring workpieces at the turning machines

Workpiece probe

On turning machines, the workpiece probes are treated as tool type 5xy with permissible cutting edge positions (SL) 5 to 8 and must be entered in the tool memory accordingly.

Lengths specified for turning tools always refer to the tool tip, except in the case of workpiece probes on turning machines where they refer to the probe center.

Probes are classified according to their position:

Workpiece probe SL 7

Entry in tool memory Workpiece probe for a lathe Tool type ($TC_DP1[ ]): 5xy Cutting edge ($TC_DP2[ ]): 7 Length 1 - geometry: L1 Length 2 - geometry: L2 Radius ($TC_DP6[ ]): r Length 1 - basic dimension

($TC_DP21[ ]): Length 2 - basic dimension

($TC_DP22[ ]):

only if required

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;

)

The wear and other tool parameters must be assigned the value 0.

Workpiece probe SL 8

Entry in tool memory Workpiece probe for a lathe Tool type ($TC_DP1[ ]): 5xy Cutting edge ($TC_DP2[ ]): 8 Length 1 - geometry: L1 Length 2 - geometry: L2 Radius ($TC_DP6[ ]): r Length 1 - basic dimension

($TC_DP21[ ]): Length 2 - basic dimension

($TC_DP22[ ]):

only if required

;

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The wear and other tool parameters must be assigned the value 0.

)

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Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.7 Probe, calibration body, calibration tool

Workpiece probe SL 5 or SL 6

Entry in tool memory Workpiece probe for a lathe Tool type ($TC_DP1[ ]): 5xy Cutting edge ($TC_DP2[ ]): 5 or 6

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Length 1 - geometry: L1 Length 2 - geometry: L2 Radius ($TC_DP6[ ]): r Length 1 - basic dimension

only if required

($TC_DP21[ ]): Length 2 - basic dimension

only if required

($TC_DP22[ ]):

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The wear and other tool parameters must be assigned the value 0.

Measuring cycles

26 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.7 Probe, calibration body, calibration tool

Calibration, gauging block

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Figure 1-5 Calibrating a workpiece probe, example: Calibrating in the reference groove

A probe must be calibrated before it can be used. When being calibrated, the trigger points (switching points), position deviation (skew), and precise ball radius of the workpiece probe are determined and entered into the corresponding data fields of the general setting data SD 54600 $SNS_MEA_WP_BALL_DIAM .

The default setting has data fields for 12 probes.

Calibration of the workpiece probe on turning machines is usually performed with gauging blocks (reference grooves). The precise dimensions of the reference groove are known and entered in the associated data fields of the following general setting data:

● SD54615 $SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_BASE_AX1

● SD54616 $SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_UPPER_AX1

● SD54617 $SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_PLUS_DIR_AX1

● SD54618 $SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_MINUS_DIR_AX1

● SD54619 $SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_BASE_AX2

● SD54620 $SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_UPPER_AX2

● SD54621 $SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_PLUS_DIR_AX2

● SD54622 $SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_MINUS_DIR_AX2

The default setting has data fields for three gauging blocks. In the measuring cycle program, the selection is made using the number of the gauging block (S_CALNUM).

It is also possible to calibrate on a known surface.

Measuring cycle CYCLE973 with various measuring versions is ready for calibration.

1.7.4 Measuring tools at lathes

Tool probe

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Figure 1-6 Measuring a turning tool

Tool probes have their own data fields in the general setting data:

● For machine-related measurement/calibration:

– SD 54626 $SNS_MEA_TP_TRIG_PLUS_DIR_AX1

– SD 54625 $SNS_MEA_TP_TRIG_MINUS_DIR_AX1

– SD 54627 $SNS_MEA_TP_TRIG_MINUS_DIR_AX2

– SD 54628 $SNS_MEA_TP_TRIG_PLUS_DIR_AX2

● For workpiece-related measurement/calibration:

– SD 54641 $SNS_MEA_TPW_TRIG_PLUS_DIR_AX1

– SD 54640 $SNS_MEA_TPW_TRIG_MINUS_DIR_AX1

– SD 54642 $SNS_MEA_TPW_TRIG_MINUS_DIR_AX2

– SD 54643 $SNS_MEA_TPW_TRIG_PLUS_DIR_AX2

The triggering points (switching points) are entered here. Approximate values must be entered here before calibration – if cycles are used in automatic mode. The cycle will then recognize the position of the probe.

The default setting has data fields for 6 probes.

In addition to turning tools, drills and mills can also be measured.

Measuring cycles

28 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.7 Probe, calibration body, calibration tool

Calibration, gauging block

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A probe must be calibrated before it can be used. Calibration involves precisely determining the triggering points (switching points) of the tool probe and entering them in special data fields.

Calibration is performed with a calibration tool. The precise dimensions of the tool are known.

Measurement version Calibrate probe (CYCLE982) (Page 178) is ready for calibration.

For lathe

s, the calibration tool is treated like a turning tool with cutting edge position 3. The

lengths refer to the ball circumference, not to the ball center.

Entry in tool memory Calibration tool for a tool probe on a lathe Tool type ($TC_DP1[ ]): 5xy Cutting edge ($TC_DP2[ ]): 3 Length 1 - geometry: L1 Length 2 - geometry: L2 Radius ($TC_DP6[ ]): r Length 1 - basic dimension

($TC_DP21[ ]): Length 2 - basic dimension

($TC_DP22[ ]):

only if required

/

;

/

)

The wear and other tool parameters must be assigned the value 0.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.8 Measurement principle

Flying measurement

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The principle of "flying measurement" is implemented in the SINUMERIK control. The probe signal is processed directly on the NC so that the delay when acquiring measured values is minimal. This permits a higher measuring speed for the prescribed measuring precision and time needed for measuring is reduced.

Connecting probes

Two inputs for connecting touch trigger probes are provided on the I/O device interface of the SINUMERIK control systems.

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Measuring cycles

30 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.8 Measurement principle

Measurement operation sequence using the example set edge (CYCLE978)

Figure 1-7 Measurement operation sequence, example set edge (CYCLE978)

The sequence is described using the measuring version, set edge (CYCLE978). The sequence is essentially the same for the other measuring cycles.

The starting position for the measuring procedure is the position DFA in front of the specified set position (expected contour).

Figure 1-8 Starting position

The starting position is calculated in the cycle based on parameter entries and probe data. The traversing distance from the pre-position, defined by the user program, to the starting position of the measuring distance is either traversed with rapid traverse G0 or with positioning speed G1 (depending on the parameter). From the starting position, the measuring velocity is effective, which is saved in the calibration data.

The switching signal is expected along path 2 · DFA as from the starting position. Otherwise, an alarm will be triggered or the measurement repeated.

The resulting maximum measuring position is available in the result parameters _OVR[ ] and _OVI[ ] of the measuring cycle.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.8 Measurement principle

At the instant the switching signal is output by the probe, the current actual position is stored internally "on-the-fly" as the actual value, the measuring axis is stopped and then the "Delete distance-to-go" function is executed.

The distance-to-go is the path not yet covered in the measuring block. After deletion, the next block in the cycle can be processed. The measuring axis travels back to the starting position. Any measurement repetitions selected are restarted from this point.

Measurement path DFA

Measurement path DFA defines the distance between the starting position and the expected switching position (setpoint) of the probe.

Measuring velocity

As measuring feedrate, all of the measuring cycles use the value saved in the general setting data SD54611 after the calibration of the workpiece probe. A different measuring feedrate can be assigned for each calibration field [n].

To calibrate the measuring probe, either the measuring feedrate from the channel-specific setting data SD55630 $SCS_MEA_FEED_MEASURE is used (default value: 300 mm/min) or the measuring feedrate can be overridden in the input screen form at the calibration instant. To do this, bit 4 must be set to 1 in the general setting data SD54760 $SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_PIECE.

The maximum permissible measuring velocity is derived from:

● The deceleration behavior of the axis.

● The permissible deflection of the probe.

● The signal processing delay.

Deceleration distance, deflection of probe

CAUTION

Safe deceleration of the measuring axis to standstill within the permissible deflection path of the probe must always be ensured.

Otherwise damage will occur!

A delay t, typical for the control, is taken into account in signal processing (IPO cycle) for the time between detection of the switching signal and output of the deceleration command to the measuring axis: general machine data MD10050 $MN_SYSCLOCK_CYCLE_TIME and MD10070 $MN_IPO_SYSCLOCK_TIME_RATIO). This gives the braking distance component.

The following error of the measuring axis is reduced. The following error is velocity dependent and at the same time dependent on the control factor of the measuring axis (servo gain of the associated machine axis: servo gain factor).

The deceleration rate of the axis must also be taken into account.

Measuring cycles

32 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.8 Measurement principle

Together they produce an axis-specific velocity-dependent deceleration distance.

The Kv factor is the axis MD 32200 $MA_POSCTRL_GAIN.

The maximum axis acceleration / deceleration rate a is saved in axis MD 32300 $MA_MAX_AX_ACCEL . It may have a lesser effect due to other influences.

Always use the lowest values of the axes involved in the measurement.

Measuring accuracy

A delay occurs between detection of the switching signal from the probe and transfer of the measured value to the control. This is caused by signal transmission from the probe and the hardware of the control. In this time a path is traversed that falsifies the measured value. This influence can be minimized by reducing the measuring speed.

The rotation when measuring a milling tool on a rotating spindle has an additional influence. This can be compensated using compensation tables.

The measurement accuracy that can be obtained is dependent on the following factors:

● Repeat accuracy of the machine

● Repeat accuracy of the probe

● Resolution of the measuring system

NOTICE

Precise measurement is only possible with a probe calibrated under the measurement conditions, i.e. working plane, orientation of the spindle in the plane and measuring velocity are the same for both measurement and calibration. Deviations result in measurement errors.

Calculation of the deceleration distance

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Figure 1-9 Distance-time diagram at different measuring velocities according to the calculation

example

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

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Description

1.8 Measurement principle

The deceleration path to be considered is calculated as follows:

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sb Braking distance in mm v Measuring velocity in m/s t Delay signal in s

a Deceleration in m/s Δs Following error in mm Δs = v / Kv v here in m/min Kv Servo gain in (m/min)/mm

Example of calculation:

● v = 6 m/min = 0.1 m/s measuring velocity

● a = 1 m/s

deceleration

● t = 16 ms signal delay

● Kv = 1 in (m/min)/mm

Intermediate steps: Δs = v / Kv = 6[m/min] / 1[(m/min)/mm] = 6 mm Following error

= v²/2a = 0,1 [m/s]² / 2 · 1 [m/s²] = 5 mm Axis-specific component

Δs

= v · t = 0,1 [m/s] · 0,016 [s] = 1,6 mm Percentage due to signal delay

Δs

Overall result:

= Δs1 + Δs2 + Δs = 6 mm + 5 mm + 1,6 mm = 12,6 mm Braking distance

The deflection of the probe = braking distance to zero speed of the axis is 12.6 mm.

Measuring cycles

34 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.9 Measuring strategy for measuring workpieces with tool offset

The actual workpiece dimensions must be measured exactly and compared with the setpoint values to be able to determine and compensate the actual dimensional deviations on the workpiece. An offset value can then be ascertained for the tool used for machining.

Function

When taking measurements on the machine, the actual dimensions are derived from the path measuring systems of the position-controlled feed axes. For each dimensional deviation determined from the set and actual workpiece dimensions there are many causes which essentially fall into three categories:

● Dimensional deviations with causes that are n o t subject to a particular trend, e.g. positioning scatter of the feed axes or differences in measurement between the internal measurement (probe) and the external measuring device (micrometer, measuring machine, etc.).

In this case, it is possible to apply empirical values, which are stored in separate memories. The set/actual difference determined is automatically compensated by the empirical value.

● Dimensional deviations with causes that a r e subject to a particular trend, e.g. tool wear or thermal expansion of the leadscrew.

● Accidental dimensional deviations, e.g. due to temperature fluctuations, coolant or slightly soiled measuring points.

Assuming the ideal case, only those dimensional deviations that are subject to a trend can be taken into account for compensation value calculation. Since, however, it is hardly ever known to what extent and in which direction accidental dimensional deviations influence the measurement result, a strategy (sliding averaging) is needed that derives a compensation value from the actual/set difference measured.

Mean value calculation

Mean value calculation in conjunction with measurement weighting has proven a suitable method.

When correcting a tool, it can be selected whether a correction is made based on the actual measurement, or whether an average value of the measurement differences should be generated over several measurements which is then used to make the correction.

The formula of the mean value generation chosen is:

DMi

MiMi

altneu

Mean value new = amount of compensation

new

Mean value prior to last measurement

old

ialt

k Weighting factor for mean value calculation

Actual/set difference measured (minus any empirical value)

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.9 Measuring strategy for measuring workpieces with tool offset

The mean value calculation takes account of the trend of the dimensional deviations of a machining series. The weighting factor k from which the mean value is derived is selectable.

A new measurement result affected by accidental dimensional deviations only influences the new tool offset to some extent, depending on the weighting factor.

Computational characteristic of the mean value with different weightings k

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Figure 1-10 Mean value generation with influence of weighting k

● The greater the value of k, the slower the formula will respond when major deviations occur in computation or counter compensation. At the same time, however, accidental scatter will be reduced as k increases.

● The lower the value of k, the faster the formula will react when major deviations occur in computation or counter compensation. However, the effect of accidental variations will be that much greater.

● The mean value Mv is calculated starting at 0 over the number of workpieces i, until the calculated mean value exceeds the work offset range (

S_TZL). From this limit on, the

calculated mean value is applied as an offset.

● Once the mean value has been used for the offset, it is deleted from the memory. The next measurement then starts again with Mv

Measuring cycles

old

= 0.

36 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.9 Measuring strategy for measuring workpieces with tool offset

Table 1- 1 Example of mean value calculation and offset

Lower limit = 40 µm

(S_TZL = 0.04)

i Di

[µm]

k = 3

[µm]

k = 2

[µm]

1. measurement 30 10 15

2. Measurement 50 23,3 32,5

3. Measurement 60 35,5

46,2 ③

4. Measurement 20 30,3 10

5. Measurement 40 32,6 25

6. Measurement 50 38,4 37,5

7. Measurement 50

42,3 ① 43,75 ④

8. Measurement 30 10 15

9. Measurement 70 30

10. Measurement 70

43,3 ②

42,5 ⑤

Characteristic of the mean value for two different weighting factors

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For the measurements with marked fields, tool offset is performed with the mean value (calculated mean value >S_TZL):

● If k=3 in the 7th and 10th measurement (

● If k=2 in the 3rd, 7th, and 9th measurement (

① and ②),

③, ④ and ⑤).

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Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.10 Parameters for checking the measurement result and offset

For constant deviations not subject to a trend, the dimensional deviation measured can be compensated by an empirical value in certain measuring variants.

For other compensations resulting from dimensional deviations, symmetrical tolerance bands are assigned to the set dimension which result in different responses.

Empirical value / mean value EVN (S_EVNUM)

The empirical values are used to suppress dimensional deviations that are not subject to a trend.

Note

If empirical values are not to be applied, then S_EVNUM = 0 must be set.

The empirical values themselves are saved in channel-specific SD 55623 $SCS_MEA_EMPIRIC_VALUE.

EVN specifies the number of the empirical value memory. The actual/set difference determined by the measuring cycle is corrected by this value before any further correction measures are taken.

This is the case:

● For workpiece measurement with automatic tool offset.

● For single-point measurement with automatic WO correction.

● For tool measurement.

The mean value only refers to the workpiece measurement with automatic tool offset.

For an automatic tool offset, the mean value is generated from the measured difference of the previous and the actual measurement. This functionality has special significance within a machining series with measurements performed at the same measuring location.

The function does not have to be activated.

The mean values are stored in the channel-specific SD 55625 $SCS_MEA_AVERAGE_VALUE. The number of the mean value memory is transferred in the measuring cycle using variable S_EVNUM.

Safe area TSA (S_TSA)

The safe area is effective for almost all measuring variants and does not affect the offset value; it is used for diagnostics.

If this limit is reached then the following can be assumed:

● A probe defect, or

● An incorrect setpoint position, or

● An illegal deviation from the setpoint position can be assumed.

Measuring cycles

38 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.10 Parameters for checking the measurement result and offset

Note AUTOMATIC mode

AUTOMATIC operation is interrupted and the program cannot continue. An alarm text appears to warn the user.

Dimension difference check DIF (S_TDIF)

DIF is active only for workpiece measurement with automatic tool offset and for tool measurement.

This limit has no effect on generation of the compensation value either. When it is reached, the tool is probably worn and needs to be replaced.

Note

An alarm text is displayed to warn the operator and the program can be continued by means of an NC start.

This tolerance limit is generally used by the PLC for tool management purposes (twin tools, wear monitoring).

Tolerance of workpiece: Lower limit (S_TLL), upper limit(S_TUL)

Both parameters are active only for tool measurement with automatic tool offset.

When measuring a dimensional deviation ranging between "2/3 tolerance of workpiece" and "Dimensional difference control", this is regarded 100% as tool offset. The previous average value is erased.

This enables a fast response to major dimensional deviations.

Note

When the tolerance limit of the workpiece is exceeded, this is indicated to the user depending on the tolerance position "oversize" or "undersize".

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.10 Parameters for checking the measurement result and offset

2/3 tolerance of workpiece TMV (S_TMV)

TMV is active only for workpiece measurement with automatic tool offset.

Within the range of "Lower limit" and "2/3 workpiece tolerance" the mean value is calculated according to the formula described in Section "Measuring strategy".

Note

is compared with the work offset range:

new

 If Mv

is greater than this range, compensation is corrected by Mv

new

and the associated

new

mean value memory is cleared.

 If Mv

is less than this range, no compensation is carried out. This prevents excessively

new

abrupt compensations.

Weighting factor for mean value generation FW (S_K)

FW is active only for workpiece measurement with automatic tool offset. The weighting factor can be used to give a different weighting for each measurement.

A new measurement result thus has only a limited effect on the new tool offset as a function of FW.

Work offset range TZL (S_TZL)

TZL active for

● Workpiece measurement with automatic tool offset

● Tool measurement and calibration for milling tools and tool probes

This tolerance range corresponds to the amount of maximum accidental dimensional deviations. It has to be determined for each machine.

No tool compensation is made within these limits.

In workpiece measurement with automatic tool offset, however, the mean value of this measuring point is updated and re-stored with the measured actual/set difference, possibly compensated by an empirical value.

The tolerance bands (range of permissible dimensional tolerance) and the responses derived from them are as follows:

Measuring cycles

40 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.10 Parameters for checking the measurement result and offset

● For workpiece measurement with automatic tool offset

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In measuring cycles, the workpiece setpoint dimension is placed in the middle of the permitted ± tolerance limit for reasons associated with symmetry.

● For tool measurement

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Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

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Description

1.10 Parameters for checking the measurement result and offset

● For workpiece measurement with WO correction

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Measuring cycles

42 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.11 Effect of empirical value, mean value, and tolerance parameters

The following flowchart shows the effect of empirical value, mean value, and tolerance parameters on workpiece measurement with automatic tool offset.

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Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.12 Measuring cycle help programs

1.12.1 CYCLE116: Calculation of center point and radius of a circle

Function

This cycle calculates from three or four points positioned on one plane the circle they inscribe with center point and radius.

To allow this cycle to be used as universally as possible, its data is transferred via a parameter list.

An array of REAL variables of length 13 must be transferred as the parameter.

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Figure 1-11 Calculation of circle data from 4 points

CYCLE116 (_CAL[ ], _MODE)

Measuring cycles

44 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.12 Measuring cycle help programs

Transfer parameters

● Input data

Parameters Data type Meaning

_CAL [0] _CAL [1] _CAL [2] _CAL [3] _CAL [4] _CAL [5] _CAL [6] _CAL [7] _CAL [8]

● Output data

Parameters Data type Meaning

_CAL [9] _CAL [10] _CAL [11] _CAL [12]

_MODE

REAL Number of points for calculation (3 or 4) REAL 1. Axis of the plane of the first point REAL 2. Axis of the plane of the first point REAL 1. Axis of the plane of the second point REAL 2. Axis of the plane of the second point REAL 1. Axis of the plane of the third point REAL 2. Axis of the plane of the third point REAL 1. Axis of the plane of the fourth point REAL 2. Axis of the plane of the fourth point

REAL 1. Axis of the plane of the circle center point REAL 2. Axis of the plane of the circle center point REAL Circle radius REAL Status for the calculation

0 = Calculation in progress 1 = Error occurred

INTEGER Error number (61316 or 61317 possible)

Note

This cycle is called as a subroutine by, for example, measuring cycle CYCLE979.

Example

%_N_Circle_MPF

DEF INT _MODE

DEF REAL _CAL[13]= (3,0,10,-10,0,0,-10,0,0,0,0,0,0) ;3 points specified P1: 0,10

P2: -10,0

P3: 0,-10

CYCLE116(_CAL[ ], _MODE) ;Result: _CAL[9]=0

_CAL[10]=0

_CAL[11]=10

_CAL[12]=0

_ALM=0

STOPRE

M30

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.13 Miscellaneous functions

1.12.2 CUST_MEACYC: User program before/after measurements are performed

Function

The CUST_MEACYC cycle is called at the beginning of each measuring cycle.

It can be used by users to program sequences necessary before starting a measurement (e.g. to activate probe).

In the as-delivered state, this cycle only contains one CASE statement that executes a jump to a label with subsequent M17 (end of subroutine) for each measuring cycle.

Example

_M977: ;before measurement in CYCLE977 M17 ;end of cycle

From this label all actions to be executed on each CYCLE977 call must be programmed.

References

Commissioning manual

SINUMERIK 840D sl Basesoftware and Operating Software

1.13 Miscellaneous functions

1.13.1 Measuring cycle support in the program editor

The program editor offers extended measuring cycle support for inserting measuring cycle calls into the program.

Prerequisite

Hardware TCU or PCU.

Function

This measuring cycle support provides the following functionality:

● Measuring cycle selection via softkeys

● Input screen forms for parameter assignment with help displays

● Retranslatable program code is generated from the individual screen forms.

Measuring cycles

46 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.13 Miscellaneous functions

1.13.2 Measuring result screens

Function

Measurement result displays can be shown automatically during a measuring cycle. In the channel-specific SD 55613 $SCS_MEA_RESULT_DISPLAY, you can select between the following measurement result screens:

= 0 The measurement results screen is not displayed (default setting) = 1 The measurement results screen is displayed for 8 seconds. = 3 The measuring cycle stops at the NC command "M0", the measuring results screen is

statically displayed. The measuring cycle is continued with NC Start, the measuring results screen is

deselected.

= 4 The measuring results screen is only displayed for cycle alarms 61303, 61304, 61305

and 61306. The measuring cycle is continued with NC Start, the measuring results screen is

deselected.

The measuring cycles can display different measuring result screens depending on the measuring variant:

● Calibrating tool probes

● Tool measurement

● Calibrating workpiece probes

● Workpiece measurement

Displaying measuring results screens

The measuring results screens contain the following data:

Calibrating tool probes

● Measuring cycle and measuring version

● Trigger values of axis directions and differences

● Probe number

● Safe area

Tool measurement

● Measuring cycle and measuring version

● Actual values and differences for tool offsets

● Safe area and permissible dimensional difference

● T name, D number

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Description

1.13 Miscellaneous functions

Calibrating workpiece probes

● Measuring cycle and measuring version

● Trigger values of axis directions and differences

● Position deviation (probe skew) when calibrating in the plane

● Probe number

● Safe area

Workpiece measurement

● Measuring cycle and measuring version

● Setpoints, actual values and their differences

● Tolerance upper and lower limits (for tool offset)

● Offset value

● Probe number

● Safe area and permissible dimensional difference

● T name, D number and DL number or WO memory number for automatic offset

Example of measurement result display

Measuring cycles

48 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.1 General requirements

2.1.1 Overview of the measuring cycles

Function of the measuring cycles

The following table describes all the measuring cycle functions for the turning and milling technologies.

Table 2- 1 Measuring cycles

Measuring cycle

CYCLE973 2) This measuring cycle can be used to calibrate a workpiece

CYCLE974 2) This measuring cycle can be used to determine the

CYCLE994 2) This measuring cycle can be used to determine the

CYCLE976 Using this measuring cycle, a workpiece probe can be

CYCLE961 This measuring cycle can be used to determine the

CYCLE977 This measuring cycle can be used to determine the center

Description Measuring versions

probe on a surface on the workpiece or in a groove.

workpiece zero in the selected measuring axis or a tool offset with 1-point measurement.

workpiece zero in the selected measuring axis with 2-point measurement. To do this, two opposite measuring points on the diameter are approached automatically in succession

calibrated in a calibration ring or on a calibration ball completely in the working plane or at an edge for a particular axis and direction.

position of a workpiece corner (inner or outer) and use this as work offset.

point in the plane as well as the width or the diameter.

 Calibrate probe - length  Calibrate probe - radius on surface  Calibrate probe - probe in groove

 Turning measurement - front edge  Turning measurement - inside diameter  Turning measurement - outside diameter

 Turning measurement - inside diameter  Turning measurement - outside diameter

 Calibrate probe - length on surface  Calibrate probe - radius in ring  Calibrate probe - radius on edge  Calibrate probe - calibration on sphere

 Corner - right-angled corner  Corner - any corner

 Edge distance - groove  Edge distance - rib  Hole - rectangular pocket  Hole - 1 hole  Spigot - rectangular spigot  Spigot - 1 circular spigot

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.1 General requirements

Measuring cycle

CYCLE978 This measuring cycle can be used to measure the position

CYCLE979 This measuring cycle can be used to measure the center

CYCLE996 This measuring cycle can be used to determine

CYCLE997 This measuring cycle can be used to determine the center

CYCLE998 This measuring cycle can be used to determine the

CYCLE971 1) This measuring cycle can be used to calibrate a tool probe

CYCLE982 2) This measuring cycle can be used to calibrate a tool probe

Description Measuring versions

of an edge in the workpiece coordinate system.

point in the plane and the radius of circle segments.

transformation-relevant data for kinematic transformations with contained rotary axes.

point and diameter of a ball. Furthermore, the center points of three distributed balls can be measured. The plane formed through the three ball center points, regarding its angular position, is determined referred to the working plane in the workpiece coordinate system.

angular position of a surface (plane) referred to the working plane and the angle of edges in the workpiece coordinate system.

and measure the tool length and/or tool radius for milling tools.

and measure turning, drilling and milling tools on turning machines.

Edge distance - set edge

 Hole - inner circle segment  Spigot - outer circle segment

3D - kinematics

 3D - sphere  3D - 3 spheres

 Edge distance - align edge  3D - align plane

 Calibrate probe  Measure tool

 Calibrate probe  Turning tool  Milling tool  Drill

1) Only for milling technology

2) Only for turning technology

Measuring cycles

50 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.1 General requirements

2.1.2 Selection of the measuring variants via softkeys (turning)

The following shows the measuring variants of the turning technology as a menu tree.

Preconditions

All of the measuring variants available in the control are shown in the display. However, on a specific system, only those steps can be selected that are possible for the set extended technology.

The "Inside diameter" softkey is displayed if bit1 =1 is set in the general SD 54764

$SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_TURN.

The "3D" softkey is displayed if bit 1 = 1 is set in the general SD 54760

$SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_PIECE.

The "kinematics" softkey is only displayed in the G code program, if the "Measure

kinematics" option is set.

These softkeys are displayed if the "Milling" extended technology is set (channel-specific

MD 52201 $MCS_TECHNOLOGY_EXTENSION = 2).

Turning technology menu tree

→

Length (CYCLE973) (Page 57)

Radius in ring (CYCLE976) (Page 86)

Radius on surface (CYCLE973) (Page 60)

Calibrate on ball (CYCLE976) (Page 93)

Calibrate in groove (CYCLE973) (Page 63)

→

Front edge (CYCLE974) (Page 67)

Inside diameter (CYCLE974, CYCLE

Outer diameter (CYCLE974, CYCLE

→

Set edge (CYCLE978) (Page 96)

Align edge (CYCLE998) (Page 100)

Groove (CYCLE977) (Page 106)

Rib (CYCLE977) (Page 110)

994) (Page 71)

994) (Page 76)

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.1 General requirements

→

2), 4)

→

Calibrate probe (CYCLE982)

Turning tool (CYCLE982)

Milling tool (CYCLE982)

Drill (CYCLE982)

Right-angled corner (CYCLE961) (Page 114)

Any corner (CYCLE961) (Page 118)

Rectangular pocket (CYCLE977) (Page 122)

1 hole (CYCLE977) (Page 126)

Inner circle segment (CYCLE979) (Page 130)

Rectangular spigot (CYCLE977) (Page 134)

1 circular spigot (CYCLE977) (Page 138)

Outer circle segment (CYCLE979) (Page 142)

Align plane (CYCLE998) (Page 146)

Sphere (CYCLE997) (Page 150)

3 spheres (CYCLE997) (Page 154)

Kinematics (CYCLE996) (Page 159)

(Page 178)

(Page 182)

(Page 186)

(Page 193)

Measuring cycles

52 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.1 General requirements

2.1.3 Selection of the measuring variants via softkeys (milling)

The following shows the measuring variants for the milling technology as a menu tree.

Preconditions

All of the measuring variants available in the control are shown in the display. However, on a specific system, only those steps can be selected that are possible for the set extended technology.

The "Inside diameter" softkey is displayed if bit1 =1 is set in the general SD 54764

$SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_TURN.

The "3D" softkey is displayed if bit 1 = 1 is set in the general SD 54760

$SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_PIECE.

The "kinematics" softkey is only displayed in the G code program, if the "Measure

kinematics" option is set.

These softkeys are only displayed in the G code program if the"turning" extended

technology is set (channel-specific MD 52201 $MCS_TECHNOLOGY_EXTENSION = 1).

Milling technology menu tree

→

Length (CYCLE976) (Page 83)

Radius in ring (CYCLE976) (Page 86)

Radius at edge (CYCLE976) (Page 90)

Calibrate on ball (CYCLE976) (Page 93)

Calibrate in groove (CYCLE973) (Page 63)

→

Set edge (CYCLE978) (Page 96)

Align edge (CYCLE998) (Page 100)

Groove (CYCLE977) (Page 106)

Rib (CYCLE977) (Page 110)

→

Right-angled corner (CYCLE961) (Page 114)

Any corner (CYCLE961) (Page 118)

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.1 General requirements

→

Calibrate probe (CYCLE971)

Measure tool (CYCLE971)

Rectangular pocket (CYCLE977) (Page 122)

1 hole (CYCLE977) (Page 126)

Inner circle segment (CYCLE979) (Page 130)

Rectangular spigot (CYCLE977) (Page 134)

1 circular spigot (CYCLE977) (Page 138)

Outer circle segment (CYCLE979) (Page 142)

Align plane (CYCLE998) (Page 146)

Sphere (CYCLE997) (Page 150)

3 spheres (CYCLE997) (Page 154)

Kinematics (CYCLE996) (Page 159)

Set front edge (CYCLE974) (Page 67)

Inside diameter (CYCLE974, CYCLE

994) (Page 71)

Outer diameter (CYCLE974, CYCLE

994) (Page 76)

(Page 202)

(Page 208)

Measuring cycles

54 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.1 General requirements

2.1.4 Result parameters

Definition

Result parameters are measurement results provided by the measuring cycles.

Parameters Type Meaning _OVR[ ] REAL Result parameter - real number:

Setpoint values, actual values, differences, offset values, etc.

_OVI[ ] INTEGER Result parameter - integer

Call

The result parameters of the measuring cycles are saved in the channel-specific user variables. These can be called from the operating area as follows:

1. Press the "Parameter" softkey.

Measuring versions

Which result parameters are output from the measuring cycles, is described in the individual measuring versions.

For workpiece measurement with tool offset or offset in the WO, several measuring versions also supply result parameters, see Chapter Additional result parameters (Page 255).

2. Press the the "Channel GUD" softkey.

3. Press the "Using variable" softkey. The result parameters _OVR[ ] and _OVI[ ] are displayed in the

"Channel-specific user variables" window.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

2.2.1 General information

The measuring cycles below are intended for use on turning machines.

Note Spindle

Spindle commands in the measuring cycles always refer to the active master spindle of the control.

When using the measuring cycles at machines with several spindles, then the spindle involved must be defined as master spindle before the cycle call.

NOTICE

Precise measurement is only possible with a probe calibrated under the measurement conditions, i.e. working plane and measuring velocity are the same for both measurement and calibration.

Plane definition

If the probe is used in the spindle for a driven tool, the spindle orientation must also be considered. Deviations can cause measuring errors.

References: /PG/ Programming Manual

SINUMERIK 840D sl / 828D Fundamentals

The measuring cycles work internally with the 1st and 2nd axes of the actual plane G17 to G19.

The default setting for lathes is G18.

For information regarding measurement in conjunction with a 3rd axis, see Chapter Extended measurement (Page 81).

Note

A correspondence/assignment list of the measuring cycle parameters, machine and setting data used with regard to the measuring cycle versions V7.05, V2.06 and V4.04 can be found in the Appendix Changes from cycle version SW4.4 and higher (Page 257)!

Measuring cycles

56 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

2.2.2 Calibrate probe - length (CYCLE973)

Function

With this measuring version, a workpiece probe with cutting edge positions SL=5 to 8 can be calibrated on a known surface (workpiece-related). The trigger points of the probe are determined.

Optionally, the actual length can be entered in the tool offset memory via the "Adapt tool length" parameter.

Measuring principle

The switching position of the workpiece probe in an axis is calculated into the measuring probe length. The calculated trigger point is determined in the corresponding axis and axis direction, and entered in the selected calibration data set (calibration data field) of the workpiece probe.

The probe travels in the measuring direction to the calibration edge (e.g. workpiece)

;

Figure 2-1 Calibrate: Length on the surface (CYCLE973), example G18, SL=7

=

')$

Preconditions

● The surface must be in parallel to an axis of the workpiece coordinate system (WCS).

● The calibration surface must have a low surface roughness.

● The workpiece probe is called as tool with tool offset.

● 580 must be declared as the probe type.

Starting position before the measurement

The probe must be positioned opposite to the calibration surface.

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

The probe is at the distance of the selected measurement path (DFA) away from the calibration surface.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Procedure

The part program or ShopTurn program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Calibrate probe" softkey.

3. Press the "Length" softkey. The input window "Calibrate: length at surface" is opened.

Parameters

G code program ShopTurn program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit

F Calibration and measuring

β Tool alignment with swivel axis

F Calibration and measuring

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm X Start point X of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - T Name of the probe -

Distance/

feedrate

min

D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

Y Start point Y of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

 (0 degrees)

  Value entry

feedrate

(90 degrees)

Degrees

mm/min

Parameters Description Unit Adapt tool length

Measuring direction

Z0 / X0 Reference point Z/X (corresponding to the measuring direction) mm DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm

Measuring cycles

Adapt the probe length and trigger point:

 Yes  No (adapt trigger point only)

Measuring axis (for G18):

 +/- Z  +/- X

58 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

NOTICE

When the calibration is performed for the first time, the default setting in the data field of the probe is still "0". For this reason, the TSA parameter must be programmed > probe ball radius to avoid the alarm "Safe area exceeded".

List of the result parameters

The measuring version "Length" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 2 "Length" result parameters

Parameters Description Unit _OVR [4] Actual value probe ball diameter mm _OVR [5] Difference probe ball diameter mm _OVR [8] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [10] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [12] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [14] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [9] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [11] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [13] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [15] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [20] Positional deviation of the 1st axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [21] Positional deviation of the 2nd axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [27] Work offset range mm _OVR [28] Safe area mm _OVI [2] Measuring cycle number _OVI [5] Probe number _OVI [9] Alarm number -

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

2.2.3 Calibrate probe - radius on surface (CYCLE973)

Function

With this measuring version, the radius of a workpiece probe with cutting edge positions SL=5 to 8 can be calibrated on a surface. The trigger points of the probe are determined.

The calibration surface is workpiece-related. It is only possible to calibrate in the selected axis and direction, which are perpendicular to this calibration surface.

Measuring principle

The determined switching position of the workpiece probe in the parameterized axis and direction, is calculated with the setpoint of the reference surface and from this the corresponding trigger point determined.

If no alarms occur, the trigger values are entered into the selected calibration data set of the workpiece probe.

The probe travels in the measuring direction to the reference surface (e.g. workpiece)

Preconditions

;

=

')$

Figure 2-2 Calibrate: radius at the surface (CYCLE973), example G18, SL=8

● The surface must be in parallel to an axis of the workpiece coordinate system (WCS).

● The calibration surface must have a low surface roughness.

● The workpiece probe is called as tool with tool offset.

● 580 must be declared as the probe type.

Starting position before the measurement

The probe must be positioned opposite to the calibration surface.

Measuring cycles

60 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

The probe (ball radius) is the distance of the measurement path away from the calibration surface.

Procedure

The part program or ShopTurn program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Calibrate probe" softkey.

3. Press the "Radius on surface" softkey. The input window "Calibrate: radius at surface" is opened.

Parameters

G code program ShopTurn program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit

F Calibration and measuring

β Tool alignment with swivel axis

X Start point X of the measurement mm Y Start point Y of the measurement mm

Parameters Description Unit Measuring direction Measuring axis (for measuring plane G18)

Z0 / X0 Reference point Z/X (corresponding to the measuring direction) mm DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - T Name of the probe -

Distance/

feedrate

 +/- Z  +/- X

min

D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

feedrate

 (0 degrees)

  Value entry

(90 degrees)

mm/min

Degrees

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

NOTICE

List of the result parameters

The measuring variant "Radius on surface" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 3 "Radius on surface" result parameters

Parameters Description Unit _OVR [4] Actual value probe ball diameter mm _OVR [5] Difference probe ball diameter mm _OVR [8] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [10] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [12] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [14] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [9] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [11] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [13] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [15] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [20] Positional deviation of the 1st axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [21] Positional deviation of the 2nd axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [27] Zero offset area mm _OVR [28] Safe area mm _OVI [2] Measuring cycle number _OVI [5] Probe number _OVI [9] Alarm number -

Measuring cycles

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Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

2.2.4 Calibrate probe - calibrate in groove (CYCLE973)

Function

Using this measuring version, a workpiece probe with cutting edge position SL=7 or SL=8 can be calibrated in a reference groove machine-related in the axes of the plane. The measuring probe length or the probe ball radius can be determined with the calibration.

With the radius determination, a calibration is possible in one direction or in opposite directions of an axis. It is also possible to determine the positional deviation (skew) of the probe and the effective diameter of the probe ball during calibration in opposite directions.

Measuring principle

The measured switching positions of the workpiece probe in the parameterized axis are taken into account together with the machine-related data of the selected calibration groove. From this data, the trigger points are calculated in the positive and negative directions as well as the position deviation in this axis and the effective probe ball diameter. The trigger points always refer to the center of the probe ball (TCP).

Preconditions

The probe moves in the selected measuring axis in both directions in the calibration groove.

;

')$

Calibrate: Probe in groove (CYCLE973), example G18, SL=7

;

Calibrate: Probe in groove (CYCLE973), example G18, SL=8

')$

● The workpiece probe must be called as tool with the associated tool offset.

● The machine-related geometrical dimensions of the selected calibration group must be saved before calibration in the corresponding general setting data.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

;

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.1B

.1B

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.1B

Figure 2-3 Geometry of the calibration groove

Table 2- 4 General setting data for dimensions of the calibration groove

Calibration groove

KN_0 SD 54621

KN_1 SD 54622

KN_2 SD 54615

KN_3 SD 54617

KN_4 SD 54618

KN_5 SD 54620

KN_6 SD 54619

General setting data Description

Calibration groove edge in the positive

$SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_PLUS_DIR_AX2

$SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_MINUS_DIR_AX2

$SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_BASE_AX1

$SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_PLUS_DIR_AX1

$SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_MINUS_DIR_AX1

$SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_UPPER_AX2

$SNS_MEA_CAL_EDGE_BASE_AX2

direction of the 2nd measuring axis. Calibration groove edge in the negative

direction of the 2nd measuring axis. Calibration groove base of the 1st

measuring axis Calibration groove edge in the positive

direction of the 1st measuring axis Calibration groove edge in the negative

direction of the 1st measuring axis. Upper calibration groove edge of the 2nd

measuring axis Calibration groove base of the 2nd

measuring axis

References: Commissioning Manual

SINUMERIK Operate (IM9) / SINUMERIK 840D sl

Chapter "Measuring workpieces when turning".

Starting position before the measurement

The starting point should be selected so that the selected workpiece probe can be positioned in the shortest possible distance, collision-free, with paraxial movements, in the reference groove corresponding to the active cutting edge position.

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

When calibration has been completed, the probe is positioned at the measurement distance (DFA) from the calibration surface.

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Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Procedure

The part program or ShopTurn program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Calibrate probe" softkey.

3. Press the "Calibrate in groove" softkey. The input window "Calibrate: probe in groove" is opened.

Parameters

G code program ShopTurn program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit PL Measuring plane (G17 - G19) - T Name of the probe -

F Calibration and measuring

β Tool alignment with swivel axis

F Calibration and measuring

X Start point X of the measurement mm Y Start point Y of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

Distance/

feedrate

min

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

 (0 degrees)

  Value entry

feedrate

(90 degrees)

Degrees

mm/min

Parameters Description Unit Calibrate

Calibration directions (only for "Radius" calibration)

Measuring direction Measuring axis (corresponding to the measuring plane):

Adapt tool length (only for "Length" calibration)

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

 Length (calibrate probe length)  Radius (calibrate probe radius)

 1: Calibration in one direction  2: Calibration in opposite directions

 (+/-) Z  (+/-) X

 No (adapt trigger point only)  Yes (adapt probe length and trigger point)

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Parameters Description Unit Calibration groove data set

DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm

 1  2  3

NOTICE

List of the result parameters

The measuring variant "Calibrate in groove" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 5 "Calibrate in groove" result parameters

Measuring cycles

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2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

2.2.5 Turning measurement - front edge (CYCLE974)

Function

With this measuring version, workpiece dimensions can be measured at front edges and from these offsets are derived.

The measurement result and the measurement difference can be used as follows:

● Correction of a work offset

● Offset of a tool

● Measurement without offset

Note Extended measurement

Information on measurement in conjunction with a third axis can be found in ChapterExtended measurement (Page 81).

Measuring principle

The measuring cycle determines the actual value of a measuring point at a front edge of the turned part, relative to the workpiece zero.

The difference between the actual value (measured value) and a specified setpoint in the 1st axis of the plane is calculated (for G18: Z).

An extended tool offset in the summed and setup offsets is possible.

For the tool offset, generally empirical values can be included in the calculation.

Figure 2-4 Measure: front edge (CYCLE974)

;

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Preconditions

● The probe must be calibrated in the measuring direction and active as tool. The probe type is 580.

● The cutting edge position can be 5 to 8 and must be suitable for the measurement task.

● If necessary, the workpiece must be positioned in the correct angular spindle position using spindle positioning (SPOS).

Starting position before the measurement

The probe must be positioned opposite the surface to be measured and is reached by traversing the measuring axis in the setpoint direction in the measuring cycle.

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

When the measuring process has been completed, the probe is positioned at the distance of the measurement path (DFA) from the measuring surface.

Procedure

The part program or ShopTurn program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Turning measurement" softkey.

3. Press the "Set front edge" softkey. The input window "Measure: front edge" is opened.

Measuring cycles

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2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Parameters

G code program ShopTurn program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - T Name of the probe -

D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

β Tool alignment with swivel axis

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm X Start point X of the measurement mm

Parameters Description Unit Correction target

 Measuring only (no offset)  Work offset (save measured values in an adjustable WO) 1)  Tool offset (save measured value in the tool data)

TR Name of tool to be corrected D Cutting edge number of tool to be corrected Z0 Reference point Z mm DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm Dimensional

tolerance

Use dimensional tolerance (only for the "Tool offset" correction target)

 Yes  No

TUL Upper tolerance limit, workpiece (only for dimensional tolerance "Yes") mm TLL Lower tolerance limit, workpiece (only for dimensional tolerance "Yes") mm

Other parameters and correction targets can be set in the general SD 54760 $SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_PIECE .

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

 (0 degrees)



(90 degrees)

 Value entry

Y Start point Y of the measurement mm

Degrees

Machine manufacturer

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Please observe the machine manufacturer’s instructions.

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

List of the result parameters

The measuring variant "Front edge" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 6 "Front edge" result parameters

Parameters Description Unit _OVR [0] Setpoint value for measuring axis mm _OVR [1] Setpoint in 1st axis of the plane → only for S_MA=1 mm _OVR [2] Setpoint in 2nd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=2 mm _OVR [3] Setpoint in 3rd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=3 mm _OVR [4] Actual value for measuring axis mm _OVR [5] Actual value in 1st axis of the plane → only for S_MA=1 mm _OVR [6] Actual value in 2nd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=2 mm _OVR [7] Actual value in 3rd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=3 mm _OVR [16] Difference for measuring axis mm _OVR [17] Difference in 1st axis of the plane → only for S_MA=1 mm _OVR [18] Difference in 2nd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=2 mm _OVR [19] Difference in 3rd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=3 mm _OVI [0] D number or WO number _OVI [2] Measuring cycle number -

For workpiece measurement with tool offset or correction in the work offset, additional parameters are displayed, see Additional result parameters (Page 255).

Measuring cycles

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2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

2.2.6 Turning measurement - inside diameter (CYCLE974, CYCLE994)

Function

With this measuring version, the inside diameter of cylindrical workpieces can be measured. Diameter and radius programming are supported.

The measurement result (measurement difference) can be used as follows:

● Correction in the work offset (only for 1-point measurements)

● Offset of a tool

● Measurement without offset

Note Extended measurement

Information on measurement in conjunction with a third axis can be found in Chapter Extended measurement (Page 81).

Measuring principle

The measuring cycle determines the actual value of an inner diameter using a 1-point measurement or 2-point measurement symmetrically around the workpiece zero (center of rotation). The 2-point measurement is performed by reversing the spindle through 180 degree of the workpiece or by making measurements above and below the center of rotation.

An extended tool offset in the summed and setup offsets is possible.

For the tool offset, generally empirical values can be included in the calculation.

;

Figure 2-5 Measure: Inside diameter (CYCLE974)

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Positioning "Travel below the center" (CYCLE994)

For "Travel below the center", the inside diameter of the workpiece is measured using a 2point measurement with the measuring cycle

CYCLE994. Two opposite measuring points

symmetrical to the workpiece zero (center of rotation) are approached at a distance of the setpoint specified by the user.

A protection zone can be programmed, which should be taken into account when traversing. The user must take into account the ball radius of the probe when dimensioning the protection zone.

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Figure 2-6 Positions of the probe when measuring the inner diameter using 2-point measurement

(CYCLE994)

Measuring with reversal of the workpiece (CYCLE974)

With this measuring version, the actual value of a workpiece with reference to the workpiece zero in the measuring axis, is determined by acquiring two opposite points on the diameter.

The workpiece is positioned by the cycle before the first measurement at the angular position programmed in parameter α0. After the 1st measurement, the cycle also automatically generates the 180 degree reversal before the second measurement. The mean value is calculated from both measured values.

A correction of the work offset (WO) is only possible when measuring without reversal (1point measurement).

Preconditions

● The probe must be calibrated in the measuring direction.

● The probe type is 580 and must be active.

● The cutting edge position can be 5 to 8 and must be suitable for the measurement task.

Starting position before the measurement

The probe should be positioned opposite the surface to be measured, above the turning center.

Measuring cycles

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2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

The probe is at a distance of the measuring path (DFA) from the measuring surface, above the turning center.

When "Travel under the center of rotation" is selected, after the end of the measuring cycle, the probe is at a distance of the measuring path (DFA) from the measuring surface, below the center of rotation.

Procedure

The part program or ShopTurn program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Turning measurement" softkey.

3. Press the "Inside diameter" softkey. The input window "Measure: inside diameter" is opened.

Parameters

G code program ShopTurn program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit

D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

β Tool alignment with swivel axis

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - T Name of the probe -

X Start point X of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

 (0 degrees)

  Value entry

(90 degrees)

Degrees

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Parameters Description Unit Correction target

 Measuring only (no offset)  Work offset (save measured value in an adjustable WO)

1) 2)

 Tool offset (save measured value in the tool data)

TR Name of tool to be corrected D Cutting edge number of tool to be corrected ∅ Inner diameter mm Positioning

 Measuring without reversal of the workpiece  Measuring with reversal of the workpiece (180 °)

 Travel below center (measuring above and below the center of rotation)

α0 Starting angle for spindle reversal (only for positioning "with reversal") Degrees Protection zone Use protection zone (only for positioning "Travel below center")

 Yes  No

∅S Diameter of the protection zone (only for protection zone "Yes") mm DZ (for G18) Infeed distance at measuring height (only for protection zone "Yes") mm DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm Dimensional

tolerance

Use dimensional tolerance (only for the "Tool offset" correction target)

 Yes  No

TUL Upper tolerance limit, workpiece (only for dimensional tolerance "Yes") mm TLL Lower tolerance limit, workpiece (only for dimensional tolerance "Yes") mm

Only for positioning "without reversal"

Other parameters and correction targets can be set in the general SD 54760 $SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_PIECE.

Option "Measurement with reversal of the workpiece" is displayed if bit0 is set in the general SD 54764

$SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_TURN.

Machine manufacturer

Measuring cycles

Please observe the machine manufacturer’s instructions.

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Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

List of the result parameters

The measuring variant "Inside diameter" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 7 "Inside diameter" result parameters

Parameters Description Unit _OVR [0] Diameter setpoint (note measuring axis S_MA) mm _OVR [1] Diameter setpoint in 1st axis of the plane → only for S_MA=1 mm _OVR [2] Diameter setpoint in 2nd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=2 mm _OVR [3] Diameter setpoint in 3rd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=3 mm _OVR [4] Diameter actual value mm _OVR [5] Diameter actual value in 1st axis of the plane → only for S_MA=1 mm _OVR [6] Diameter actual value in 2nd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=2 mm _OVR [7] Diameter actual value in 3rd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=3 mm _OVR [16] Diameter difference mm _OVR [17] Diameter difference in 1st axis of the plane → only for S_MA=1 mm _OVR [18] Diameter difference in 2nd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=2 mm _OVR [19] Diameter difference in 3rd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=3 mm _OVI [0] D number _OVI [2] Measuring cycle number -

For workpiece measurement with tool offset or correction in the work offset, additional parameters are displayed, see Additional result parameters (Page 255).

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

2.2.7 Turning measurement - outside diameter (CYCLE974, CYCLE994)

Function

With this measuring version, the outer diameter of cylindrical workpieces can be measured. Diameter and radius programming are supported.

The measurement result (measurement difference) can be used as follows:

● Correction in the work offset (only for measuring without reversal, 1-point measurement)

● Offset of a tool

● Measurement without offset

Note Extended measurement

Information on measurement in conjunction with a third axis can be found in Chapter Extended measurement (Page 81).

Measuring principle

;

Measure: Outside diameter (CYCLE974) with/without reversal of the workpiece

Measuring cycles

Measure: Outside diameter (CYCLE994) above and below the turning center

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2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Positioning "Travel below the center" (CYCLE994)

For "Travel below the center", the outer diameter of the workpiece is measured using a 2point measurement with the measuring cycle

CYCLE994. Two opposite measuring points

symmetrical to the workpiece zero (center of rotation) are approached at a distance of the setpoint specified by the user. When traversing, a safety zone is taken into account. The user must take into account the ball radius of the probe when dimensioning the protection zone.

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















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

=

Figure 2-7 Positions of the probe when measuring the outer diameter (CYCLE994) taking account a

protection zone

Measuring with reversal of the workpiece (CYCLE974)

With this measuring version, the actual value of a workpiece with reference to the workpiece zero in the measuring axis, is determined by acquiring two opposite points on the diameter.

A correction of the work offset (WO) is only possible when measuring without reversal (1point measurement).

Preconditions

● The probe must be calibrated in the measuring directions.

● In the measuring version "travel below the center of rotation", measurements can also be performed without previous calibration if bit2 is set to 1 in the channel-specific MD 52740 $MCS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK.

● The probe type is 580 and must be active.

● The cutting edge position can be 5 to 8 and must be suitable for the measurement task.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Starting position before the measurement

The probe should be positioned opposite the surface to be measured, above the turning center.

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

The probe is at a distance of the measuring path (DFA) from the measuring surface, above the turning center.

If "Travel under the center of rotation" was selected, after the end of the measuring cycle, the probe is at a distance of the measuring path (DFA) from the measuring surface, below the center of rotation.

Procedure

The part program or ShopTurn program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Turning measurement" softkey.

3. Press the "Outside diameter" softkey. The input window "Measure: outer diameter" is opened.

Parameters

G code program ShopTurn program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit

D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

β Tool alignment with swivel axis

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - T Name of the probe -

X Start point X of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

 (0 degrees)

  Value entry

(90 degrees)

Degrees

Measuring cycles

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2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

Parameters Description Unit Correction target

 Measuring only (no offset)  Work offset (save measured value in an adjustable WO)

1) 2)

 Tool offset (save measured value in the tool data)

TR Name of tool to be corrected D Cutting edge number of tool to be corrected ∅ Outer diameter mm Positioning

 Measuring without reversal of the workpiece  Measuring with reversal of the workpiece

 Travel below center (measuring above and below the center of rotation)

α0 Starting angle for spindle reversal (only for positioning "Measuring with reversal") Degrees DZ (for G18) Infeed distance at measuring height (only for positioning "Travel below center") mm Protection zone Use protection zone (only for positioning "Travel below center")

 Yes  No

∅S Diameter of the protection zone (only for Use protection zone "Yes") mm DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm Dimensional

tolerance

Use dimensional tolerance (only for the "Tool offset" correction target)

 Yes  No

TUL Upper tolerance limit, workpiece (only for dimensional tolerance "Yes") mm TLL Lower tolerance limit, workpiece (only for dimensional tolerance "Yes") mm

Only for positioning "Measuring without reversal"

Other parameters and correction targets can be set in the general SD 54760 $SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_PIECE .

Option "Measurement with reversal of the workpiece" is displayed if bit0 is set in the general SD

54764$SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_TURN .

Machine manufacturer

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Please observe the machine manufacturer’s instructions.

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

List of the result parameters

The measuring variant "Outside diameter" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 8 "Outside diameter" result parameters

For workpiece measurement with tool offset or correction in the work offset, additional parameters are displayed, see Additional result parameters (Page 255).

Measuring cycles

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2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

2.2.8 Extended measurement

Measuring in conjunction with a 3rd axis (Y)

If a lathe has a 3rd axis, for technological reasons it can make sense to also use this as a measuring axis. In this case, pre-positioning and the measuring operation are realized in the 3rd axis (Y axis); however, the measuring result correction is entered in the tool and WO components of the 2nd geometry axis (X axis). The 3rd axis supports the radius and diameter programming according to the relationships of the 2nd geometry axis (X).

Note

The function of including the 3rd axis for lathes refers to the measuring cycles CYCLE974 and CYCLE994! This function must be enabled, see

References: Commissioning Manual

SINUMERIK Operate (IM9) / SINUMERIK 840D sl

Chapter "Measuring workpieces when turning".

Extended bypass options for 2-point measurement (CYCLE994)

If a lathe has a 3rd axis, then it can also be optionally used as a bypass axis.

The bypass strategies discussed in the following can be realized using the parameter assignment screen forms or the number of the measuring axis (Parameter S_MA).

Basis for the extended bypass strategy is that the 3rd axis has been enabled for measuring cycles.

S_MA, multi-digit = 102 S_MA, multi-digit = 103 1st Axis of the plane is the bypass axis (Z)

2nd axis of the plane, is the measuring axis (X)

;

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1st Axis of the plane is the bypass axis (Z) 3rd axis is the measuring axis (Y)

6B6=$



;



Probe with cutting edge position (SL)=7

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

6B6=2



Probe with SL=7

Measuring variants

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

S_MA, multi-digit = 302 S_MA, multi-digit = 203 3rd Axis is the bypass axis (Y)

2nd axis of the plane, is the measuring axis (X)

2nd Axis of the plane is the bypass axis (X) 3rd axis is the measuring axis (Y)

6B6=2



6B6=$

;



Probe with SL=7

S_MA, multi-digit = 301 3rd Axis is the bypass axis (Y)

1st axis of the plane, is the measuring axis (Z)

6B6=2



;

6B6=2

Probe with SL=7

6B6=$





;



6B6=$

Probe with SL=8

Measuring cycles

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

2.3.1 Calibrate probe - length (CYCLE976)

Function

Using this measuring version, the length of a workpiece probe can be calibrated in the tool axis on a known surface (reference area). This can be done, for example, on a workpiece.

Measuring principle

The probe travels in the measuring direction on the edge (e.g. workpiece)

Preconditions

Figure 2-8 Calibrate: Length at edge (CYCLE976)

The length of the probe is determined corresponding to the setting in general MD 51740 $MNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK, bit 1. The setting determines whether the tool length refers to the probe ball center or the probe ball circumference.

In the version tool length to ball center, a trigger value is entered into the calibration data according to the calibration direction.

References: Commissioning Manual Chapter "Measuring cycles and measurement functions".

● The probe must be active as tool.

● Probe type:

– 3D multi probe (type 710)

– Mono probe (type 712)

– L probe (type 713)

SINUMERIK Operate (IM9) / SINUMERIK 840D sl

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

● The approximate probe length must be known in the program for collision-free positioning of the workpiece probe and entered in the tool offset memory.

● The ball radius must be known exactly and entered in the tool data. For example, this can be implemented using a previous calibration in the ring or on the ball.

● The calibration surface is perpendicular to measuring axis or tool axis.

Starting position before the measurement

The probe must be positioned opposite to the calibration surface.

The distance between the probe and calibration surface should be approximately the same as the selected measurement path (DFA).

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

According to the measuring direction (X, Y, Z), the distance between the probe and the calibration surface is the same as the distance of the selected measurement path (DFA).

Procedure

The part program or ShopMill program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Calibrate probe" softkey.

3. Press the "Length" softkey. The input window "Calibrate: Length at edge" is opened.

Parameters

G code program ShopMill program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit PL Measuring plane (G17 - G19) - T Name of the probe -

F Calibration and measuring

X Start point X of the measurement mm Y Start point Y of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

Distance/

feedrate

min

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

feedrate

mm/min

Measuring cycles

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2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

Parameters Description Unit Adapt tool length

Measuring direction

Z0 Reference point Z (for measuring plane G17) mm DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm

 Yes (adapt probe length and trigger point)  No (adapt trigger point only)

Measuring axis (+/-) Z (for measuring plane G17) -

NOTICE

List of the result parameters

The measuring version "Length" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 9 "Length" result parameters

Parameters Description Unit _OVR [4] Actual value probe ball diameter mm _OVR [5] Difference probe ball diameter mm _OVR [16] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 3rd axis of the plane mm _OVR [17] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 3rd axis of the plane mm _OVR [18] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 3rd axis of the plane mm _OVR [19] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 3rd axis of the plane mm _OVR [22] Probe length of the workpiece probe mm _OVR [27] Work offset range mm _OVR [28] Safe area mm _OVI [2] Measuring cycle number _OVI [5] Probe number _OVI [9] Alarm number -

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

2.3.2 Calibrate probe - radius in ring (CYCLE976)

Function

With this measuring version, the skew of the workpiece probe as well as the trigger values and the radius of the probe ball can be calibrated in a calibration ring (in the axes of the plane).

The probe calibration in the ring can be on the basis of an unknown or known center point in the ring. With known center point, this corresponds to the starting point.

Calibration is also possible taking into account a starting angle when using the "start at ring center" calibration version. Any obstacles in the measuring path or at the measuring point can be avoided when using a starting angle.

Measuring principle

Calibration always starts in the positive direction of the 1st axis of the actual machining plane. 8 calibration positions are to be acquired, divided into 2 passes. Depending on the probe type, the passes are made with a uniform spindle position or a reversal of 180 degrees.

During the calibration process, the center point of the calibration ring (corresponding to the calibration version) and its distance to the start position are determined.

The calibration data / trigger values are significantly influenced in the result by the following variables:

● Physical probe ball radius

● Design of the probe

● Measuring velocity

● Calibration ring with corresponding accuracy

● Correct mounting of the calibrating ring

Figure 2-9 Calibrate: radius in ring (CYCLE976)

Measuring cycles

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

Preconditions

The following requirements must be fulfilled for calibration in the ring:

● The probe must be active as tool.

● Probe type:

– 3D multi probe (type 710)

– Mono probe (type 712)

– L probe (type 713)

– Star-type probe (type 714)

● The exact diameter of the calibration ring is known.

Starting position before the measurement

When the measuring cycle is not started at the center of the ring, the workpiece probe ball center must be positioned close to the center of the ring as well as to a calibration height within the calibration ring.

When starting the measuring cycle at the center of the ring, the workpiece probe ball center must be positioned precisely at the ring center point as well as at a calibration height within the calibration ring.

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

When calibration is complete, the probe center is at calibration height in the center of the ring.

Note

For extremely high demands placed on the measuring accuracy, it makes sense to accept the distance between the center point and starting position in the work offset and to perform an additional calibration using this optimization.

Procedure

The part program or ShopMill program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Calibrate probe" softkey.

3. Press the "Radius in ring" softkey.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

The input window "Calibrate: Radius in ring" is opened.

Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

Parameters

G code program ShopMill program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit PL Measuring plane (G17 - G19) - T Name of the probe -

F Calibration and measuring

X Start point X of the measurement mm Y Start point Y of the measurement mm

Parameters Description Unit ∅ Ring diameter mm DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

Distance/

feedrate

min

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

feedrate

mm/min

NOTICE

Measuring cycles

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

List of the result parameters

The measuring variant "Radius in Ring" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 10 "Radius in ring" result parameters

Parameters Description Unit _OVR [4] Actual value probe ball diameter mm _OVR [5] Difference probe ball diameter mm _OVR [6] Center point of calibration ring in 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [7] Center point of calibration ring in 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [8] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [9] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [10] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [11] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [12] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [13] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [14] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [15] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [20] Positional deviation of the 1st axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [21] Positional deviation of the 2nd axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [24] Angle at which the trigger points were determined Degrees _OVR [27] Zero offset area mm _OVR [28] Safe area mm _OVI [2] Measuring cycle number _OVI [5] Probe number _OVI [9] Alarm number -

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

2.3.3 Calibrate probe - radius on edge (CYCLE976)

Function

With this measuring version, a workpiece probe can be calibrated in an axis and direction selected by the user, at a reference surface perpendicular to this. This can be done, for example, on a workpiece.

If two calibration directions are selected for an axis (calibrating in the groove), then for this axis, the positional deviation can be calculated (probe skew).

Measuring principle

The probe approaches the reference surface in the selected axis and direction. If the 2 calibration directions version was selected, initially, the axis moves in the positive axis direction.

The determined parameters, trigger point, positional deviation and probe ball radius are transferred into the addressed calibration data fields.

Calibrate: Radius at edge (CYCLE976), 1 calibration direction

Calibrate: Radius at edge (CYCLE976), 2 calibration directions

Preconditions

● The probe must be active as tool.

● Tool type of the probe: – 3D multi probe (type 710) – Mono probe (type 712)

Starting position before the measurement

The probe is positioned in the measuring height, approximately at the distance of the measurement path (DFA) opposite to the edge.

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

The probe ball center is located in front of the reference edge by the distance of the measuring path.

Measuring cycles

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

Procedure

The part program or ShopMill program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Calibrate probe" softkey.

3. Press the "Radius at edge" softkey. The input window "Calibrate: Radius at edge" is opened.

Parameters

G code program ShopMill program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit PL Measuring plane (G17 - G19) - T Name of the probe -

F Calibration and measuring

X Start point X of the measurement mm Y Start point Y of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

Distance/

feedrate

min

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

feedrate

mm/min

Parameters Description Unit Calibration

directions

Measuring direction

DX /DY Distance between the edges (only for calibration directions "2") mm X0 / Y0 Reference point X/Y (only for calibration directions "1"; corresponding to the measuring direction) mm DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm

 1: Calibration in one direction  2: Calibrations in opposite directions

Measuring axis (for G17):

 (+/-) X  (+/-) Y

NOTICE

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

List of the result parameters

The measuring variant "Radius on edge" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 11 "Radius on edge" result parameters

Parameters Description Unit _OVR [4] Actual value probe ball diameter mm _OVR [5] Difference probe ball diameter mm _OVR [8] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [10] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [12] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [14] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [9] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [11] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [13] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [15] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [20] Positional deviation of the 1st axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [21] Positional deviation of the 2nd axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [24] Angle at which the trigger points were determined Degrees _OVR [27] Zero offset area mm _OVR [28] Safe area mm _OVI [2] Measuring cycle number _OVI [5] Probe number _OVI [9] Alarm number -

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

2.3.4 Calibrate probe - calibrate on ball (CYCLE976)

Function

Using this measuring version, a workpiece probe can be calibrated at any position in space. This has a special meaning in conjunction with swivel functions and transformations.

The same calibration data are generated as for calibration in the ring: the skew of the workpiece probe, the trigger values and the radius of the probe ball. In addition, the probe length in the tool axis can be determined. This can be realized with reference to the probe ball end or ball circumference.

The calibration ball center is determined as supplementary result.

Measuring principle

The measurement sequence is divided into the following steps:

1. Determining the center point coordinates of the reference sphere

2. Determining the calibration data

Preconditions

This procedure can be made parallel to the axis by passing or moving around the reference sphere.

Figure 2-10 Calibration at the ball (CYCLE976), example, passing (intermediate positioning parallel

to the axis)

● The diameter of the reference ball must be known.

● Tool type of the probe:

– 3D multi probe (type 710)

– Mono probe (type 712)

– Star-type probe (type 714)

Starting position before the measurement

The workpiece probe must be positioned above the reference sphere so that it can be approached collision-free from above and at the circumference.

Measuring cycles Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-4BP40-0BA0

Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

The workpiece probe is located above the ball center.

Procedure

The part program or ShopMill program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Calibrate probe" softkey.

3. Press the "Calibrate on ball" softkey. The input window "Calibrate: Probe on ball" is opened.

Parameters

G code program ShopMill program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit PL Measuring plane (G17 - G19) - T Name of the probe -

F Calibration and measuring

X Start point X of the measurement mm Y Start point Y of the measurement mm

Parameters Description Unit Positioning Moving around the ball

Adapt tool length

ZS (for G17) Upper edge of the calibration ball (only for adapt tool length "Yes") mm ∅ Sphere diameter mm α0 Contact angle Degrees DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) - D Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

Distance/

feedrate

 Parallel to the axis  Moving around on a circular path

 Yes (adapt probe length and trigger point)  No (adapt trigger point only)

min

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) -

feedrate

mm/min

Measuring cycles

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2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

List of the result parameters

The measuring variant "Radius on sphere" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 12 "Radius on sphere" result parameters

Parameters Description Unit _OVR [4] Actual value probe ball diameter mm _OVR [5] Difference probe ball diameter mm _OVR [8] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [10] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [12] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [14] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [16] Trigger point in minus direction, actual value of 3rd axis of the plane mm _OVR [18] Trigger point in plus direction, actual value of 3rd axis of the plane mm _OVR [9] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [11] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 1st axis of the plane mm _OVR [13] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [15] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 2nd axis of the plane mm _OVR [17] Trigger point in minus direction, difference of 3rd axis of the plane mm _OVR [19] Trigger point in plus direction, difference of 3rd axis of the plane mm _OVR [20] Positional deviation of the 1st axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [21] Positional deviation of the 2nd axis of the plane (probe skew) mm _OVR [22] Probe length of the workpiece probe mm _OVR [24] Angle at which the trigger points were determined Degrees _OVR [27] Work offset range mm _OVR [28] Safe area mm _OVI [2] Measuring cycle number _OVI [5] Probe number _OVI [9] Alarm number -

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

2.3.5 Edge distance - set edge (CYCLE978)

Function

This measuring variant determines the position of a paraxial edge in the workpiece coordinate system through 1-point measurement.

When using probes with side boom (L probe, type 713), towing measurement is possible in the positive direction of the tool axis.

A special measuring version permits a measurement to be performed with the axes of the plane as differential measurement. The special procedure for this measurement permits the use of an uncalibrated multidirectional probe. Probe types 712, 713 and 714 are not suitable for this purpose. The differential measurement must not be used for measurements demanding a high degree of accuracy!

The measurement result (measurement difference) can be used as follows:

● Correction of a work offset

● Offset of a tool

● Measurement without offset

Measuring principle

The measuring cycle determines the actual value of a measuring point, taking into account the calibration values, at one edge of the workpiece, referred to its zero point.

The difference between the actual value (measured value) and a specified setpoint in the parameterized measuring axis is calculated.

Measure: Edge (CYCLE978) measuring direction: -X

')$

=

;

;

')$

Measure: Edge (CYCLE978) measuring direction: +Z (towing measurement)

Measuring cycles

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

Preconditions

● The probe must be active as tool.

● Tool type of the probe: – 3D multi probe (type 710) – Mono probe (type 712) – L probe (type 713)

● When using the measuring version on lathes:

– Only possible with tool type 580.

– General MD 51740 $MNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK, set bit1 = 0.

NOTICE

The differential measurement is only possible in the axes of the plane.

Probe types 712, 713 and 714 generally cannot be used for the differential measurement!

Starting position before the measurement

The probe should be positioned at a distance that is somewhat great than the measurement path (DFA) with respect to the surface to be measured.

Position after the end of the measuring cycle

After the measurement has been completed, the probe ball with its circumference is at a distance of the measuring path DFA with respect to the measuring surface.

Procedure

The part program or ShopMill program to be processed has been created and you are in the editor.

1. Press the "Meas. workpiece" softkey.

2. Press the "Edge distance" softkey.

3. Press the "Set edge" softkey. The input window "Measure: Edge" is opened.

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

Parameters

G code program ShopMill program Parameters Description Unit Parameters Description Unit

T Name of the probe - PL Measuring plane (G17 - G19) -

Cutting edge number (1 - 9) -

Calibration data set (1 - 12) (only for measuring without spindle reversal)

Spindle reversal

Measuring with 180° spindle reversal

 Yes  No

X Start point X of the measurement mm Y Start point Y of the measurement mm

- Spindle reversal

Z Start point Z of the measurement mm

Calibration data set (1 - 12) (only for measuring without spindle reversal)

Measuring with 180° spindle reversal

 Yes  No

Parameters Description Unit Correction

target

 Measuring only (no offset)  Work offset (save measured value in an adjustable WO)

 Tool offset (save measured value in the tool data)

TR Name of tool to be corrected D Cutting edge number of tool to be corrected Measuring

direction

Measuring axis  +/- X

 +/- Y  +/- Z

X0 / Y0 / Z0 Setpoint (corresponding to the measuring direction) mm DFA Measurement path mm TSA Safe area for the measurement result mm Dimensional

tolerance

Use dimensional tolerance for tool offset (only for the "Tool offset" correction target)  Yes

 No

TUL Upper tolerance limit, workpiece (only for dimensional tolerance "Yes") mm TLL Lower tolerance limit, workpiece (only for dimensional tolerance "Yes") mm

Other parameters and correction targets can be set in the general SD 54760 $SNS_MEA_FUNCTION_MASK_PIECE.

Machine manufacturer

Measuring cycles

Please observe the machine manufacturer’s instructions.

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

List of the result parameters

The measuring variant "Set edge" provides the following result parameters:

Table 2- 13 "Set edge" result parameters

Parameters Description Unit _OVR [0] Setpoint value for measuring axis mm _OVR [1] Setpoint in 1st axis of the plane → only for S_MA=1 mm _OVR [2] Setpoint in 2nd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=2 mm _OVR [3] Setpoint in 3rd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=3 mm _OVR [4] Actual value for measuring axis mm _OVR [5] Actual value in 1st axis of the plane → only for S_MA=1 mm _OVR [6] Actual value in 2nd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=2 mm _OVR [7] Actual value in 3rd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=3 mm _OVR [16] Difference for measuring axis mm _OVR [17] Difference in 1st axis of the plane → only for S_MA=1 mm _OVR [18] Difference in 2nd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=2 mm _OVR [19] Difference in 3rd axis of the plane → only for S_MA=3 mm _OVR [21] Mean value mm _OVI [0] D number or WO number _OVI [2] Measuring cycle number _OVI [3] Measuring version _OVS_TNAME Tool name -

For workpiece measurement with tool offset or correction in the work offset, additional parameters are displayed, see Additional result parameters (Page 255).

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Measuring variants

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

2.3.6 Edge distance - align edge (CYCLE998)

Function

The workpiece lies in any direction, i.e. not parallel to the workpiece coordinate system (WCS) on the work table. By measuring two points on the workpiece reference edge that you have selected, you determine the angle to the active coordinate system. You can correct this angle as a rotation either in a geometry axis or as translational offset in a rotary axis (rotary table) in any WO or in the active WO.

Measuring principle

Note Maximum measured angle

Using the "Align edge" measuring version, a maximum angle of +/- 45 degrees can be measured.

The Align edge measuring variant is performed according to the 1-angle measurement principle:

● For a clamped workpiece that is rotated in the plane, the angular offset is in the rotary part of the geometry axis that is located perpendicular to the measuring plane.

Example of G17 plane: Measuring axis X, offset axis Y

– Angular offset is realized in the Z rotation

– The rotation offset in the WO is performed so that the actual position of the edge

(actual value) and the desired setpoint angle (α) in the workpiece coordinate system must be taken into account.

● For a workpiece on a rotary table, the angular offset is added to the translatory offset of the rotary axis (table axis). The correction only makes sense if the rotary axis rotates around the geometry axis that is located perpendicular to the measuring plane.

Example of G17 plane: Measuring axis X, offset axis Y

– Angular offset is realized in the C axis. Rotary axis C rotates a rotary table around the

Z axis.

– After the measurement, the rotary axis should be repositioned to align the workpiece.

– Example: G55 G0 C0.

For both correction versions, the translational components the WO remain unchanged and should be redetermined after the edge has been aligned. This can be realized in a subsequent measuring program using the function "Set edge".

Measuring cycles

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Siemens SINUMERIK 840D sl, SINUMERIC 828D, SINUMERIK 840DE sl Programming Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Legal information

Preface

Table of contents

Description

1.1 Basics

1.2 General prerequisites

1.3 Behavior on block search, dry run, program testing, simulation

1.4 Reference points on the machine and workpiece

1.5 Definition of the planes, tool types

1.6 Probes that can be used

1.7 Probe, calibration body, calibration tool

1.7.1 Measuring workpieces on milling machines, machining centers

1.7.2 Measuring tools on milling machines, machining centers

1.7.3 Measuring workpieces at the turning machines

1.7.4 Measuring tools at lathes

1.8 Measurement principle

1.9 Measuring strategy for measuring workpieces with tool offset

1.10 Parameters for checking the measurement result and offset

1.11 Effect of empirical value, mean value, and tolerance parameters

1.12 Measuring cycle help programs

1.12.1 CYCLE116: Calculation of center point and radius of a circle

1.13 Miscellaneous functions

1.12.2 CUST_MEACYC: User program before/after measurements are performed

1.13.1 Measuring cycle support in the program editor

1.13.2 Measuring result screens

Measuring variants

2.1 General requirements

2.1.1 Overview of the measuring cycles

2.1.2 Selection of the measuring variants via softkeys (turning)

2.1.3 Selection of the measuring variants via softkeys (milling)

2.1.4 Result parameters

2.2 Measure workpiece (turning)

2.2.1 General information

2.2.2 Calibrate probe - length (CYCLE973)

2.2.3 Calibrate probe - radius on surface (CYCLE973)

2.2.4 Calibrate probe - calibrate in groove (CYCLE973)

2.2.5 Turning measurement - front edge (CYCLE974)

2.2.6 Turning measurement - inside diameter (CYCLE974, CYCLE994)

2.2.7 Turning measurement - outside diameter (CYCLE974, CYCLE994)

2.2.8 Extended measurement

2.3 Measure workpiece (milling)

2.3.1 Calibrate probe - length (CYCLE976)

2.3.2 Calibrate probe - radius in ring (CYCLE976)

2.3.3 Calibrate probe - radius on edge (CYCLE976)

2.3.4 Calibrate probe - calibrate on ball (CYCLE976)

2.3.5 Edge distance - set edge (CYCLE978)

2.3.6 Edge distance - align edge (CYCLE998)