Siemens MULTIGAS Service Manual
s
MULTIGAS and MULTIGAS+ Modules
Service Manual
Service Manual
Service ManualService Manual
E341.E536U.061.01.02.02
Replaces/Ersetzt:
ASK-T876-02-7600
EM Guidelines, 1997-04-02
Product Drawing
E341.E536U.061.01.01.02
ADVISORY
Siemens is liable for the safety of its equipment only if maintenance, repair, and modifications are performed by
authorized personnel, and if components affecting the equipment's safety are replaced with Siemens spare parts.
Any modification or repair not done by Siemens personnel must be documented. Such documentation must:
• be signed and dated
• contain the name of the company performing the work
• describe the changes made
• describe any equipment performance changes.
It is the responsibility of the user to contact Siemens to determine warranty status and/or liabilities if other than
an authorized Siemens Service Representative repairs or makes modifications to medical devices.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Figure 1-1 MultiGas and MultiGas+ Modules - Rear Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3 Service Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4 Preventative Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
5 Recommended Tools & Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Chapter 2: Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 2-1 Functional MGM Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Overall Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3 Method of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 2-2 Anesthetic Gas Subsystem Functional Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4 Subassemblies, Modules and Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5 Anesthetic Gas Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6 Main System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7 Agent Measurement Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 2-3 Agent Measurement Analyzer Functional Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figure 2-4 Agent Identification Analyzer (AIDA) Functional Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8 Agent Identification Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
9 Oxygen Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9.1 Paramagnetic O2 Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9.2 Electrochemical O2 Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
10Pneumatic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 2-5 Pneumatics Block Diagram (excerpt from Figure 2-2.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Table 2-1 Pump Flow Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
11Self-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
12Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
12.1Factory Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
12.2Field Span Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
12.3Zero Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
12.4Storage of Calibration Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
12.5Calibration of Agent Measurement Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
12.5.1 Factory Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
12.5.2 Field Span Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
12.5.3 Zero Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
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12.6Agent Identification Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.6.1 Factory Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.6.2 Field Span Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.6.3 Zero Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.7Paramagnetic O2 Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.7.1 Factory Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.7.2 Field Span Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.7.3 Field Zero Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.8Fuel Cell Type O2 Analyzer Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.8.1 Factory Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12.8.2 Field Span and Zero Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
12.8.3 Field Zero Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
12.9Pneumatic System Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
12.9.1 Factory Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
12.9.2 Field Flow Rate Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
13Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
13.1AMA Data Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 2-6 Software Functional Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
13.2AMA Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
13.3AMA Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
13.4Patient Data Derivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
13.5Host System Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
13.6Anesthetic Gas Subsystem / Host System Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
13.7AIDA Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
13.8MGM/AMA Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
13.9AIDA Data Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
13.10AIDA Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
13.11AIDA Agent Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
13.12AIDA Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Chapter 3: Removing / Installing Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1.1 Opening Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 3-1 Pump and Pneumatic Subassemblies in MGM+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2 MGM+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.1 Pneumatic Tubing Subassemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.1.1 Removing Pneumatic Subassemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.1.2 Installing Pneumatic Subassemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 3-2 Pump and Pneumatic Subassemblies in MGM (Slo-O2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
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3 MGM (Slo-O2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.1 Replacing Pneumatic Subassemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.1.1 Removing Pneumatic Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.1.2 Installing Pneumatic Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4 Replacing Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.1 Removing Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.2 Installing Pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5 Pump Filter Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.1 Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.2 Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6 Nafion® or other Tubing Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.1 Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.2 Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7 Room Air Filter Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
7.1 Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.2 Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8 AMA Analyzer Head Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8.1 Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
8.2 Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
9 AMA Sample Cell Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
9.1 Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure 3-3 System PC Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
9.2 Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
10Agent ID Analyzer Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
10.1Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
10.2Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
11MGM System Board Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
11.1Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
11.2Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
12Fast O2 Sensor Assembly Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
12.1Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 3-4 MGM Module Rear View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 3-5 Pneumatic Tubing Disconnection Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Figure 3-6 Rear Panel Subassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
12.2Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
13CAN PC Board Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
13.1Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
13.2Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
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14Power Supply Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
14.1Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
14.2Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
15Solenoid #1 & #3 Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
15.1Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
15.2Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
16Solenoid #2 Removal/Replacement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
16.1Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
16.2Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
17NVRAM Transfer Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
17.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
17.2Equipment required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
17.3NVRAM Transfer procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Chapter 4: Adjustment / Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
1 Recommended Tools & Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2 Leakage Check Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3 Pump Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4 O2 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5 Pump Flow Rate Adjustment Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
6 Agent Detection and Analysis Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Figure 4-1 Gas Calibration / Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Chapter 5: Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
1 Agent Measurement Analyzer Head) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Table 5-1 AMA Analyzer Head Problems 37
2 Agent Measurement Analyzer Optical Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Table 5-2 AMA Optical Path Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3 Agent Identification Analyzer Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Table 5-3 AIDA Analyzer Head Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Table 5-4 Power Supply Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
5 O2 Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Table 5-5 O2 Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6 Sample Delivery Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Table 5-6 Sample Delivery Subsystem Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7 Gas Flow Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Table 5-7 Gas Flow Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
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8 Bad MGM System Board suspected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Table 5-8 MGM System Board Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
9 MGM System Board Test Points, Jumpers, & Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Table 5-9 MGM System Board Test Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Table 5-10Connector Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Table 5-11Jumpers, Functions, and Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Table 5-12O2 Jumper Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Chapter 6: Functional Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
1 Pneumatics Leakage Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2 Pump Flow Rate Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3 Gas Identification Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4 Safety Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.1 Resistance Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.2 Chassis Leakage Current Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Figure 4-2 Leakage Current Tests Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Appendix A: Spare / Exchange Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Figure A-1 MultiGas Module (Fuel Cell Type Sensor) Pneumatics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure A-2 MultiGas+ Module (Paramagnetic Sensor) Pneumatics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure A-3 MultilGas Module (Fuel Cell Type Sensor) Cable Interconnections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure A-4 MultilGas+ Module (Paramagnetic Sensor) Cable Interconnections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Figure A-5 MGM / MGM+ Selected Component Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure A-6 MGM / MGM+ Cover and Mounting Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure A-7 MultiGas / MultiGas+ Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Appendix B: Exploded-View Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Figure B-1 MultiGas Module - Exploded View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Figure B-2 MultiGas+ Module - Exploded View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Figure B-3 MultiGas Module Rear Panel Subassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Figure B-4 MultiGas+ Module Rear Panel Subassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Figure B-5 Agent Measurement Analyzer / Agent Identification Analyzer Subassembly . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure B-6 MGM Top Cover and Mount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure B-7 MGM System Board Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Appendix C: Functional Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Appendix D: Disease Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
1 Siemens Disease Prevention Policy Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
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2 Know the Facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
2.1 Types of Viruses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
2.2 Facts About ARC, AIDS, Hepatitis B, and TB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3 Environmental Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
4 Protocol for Servicing the MGM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4.1 Preparation for Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4.2 Precautions During Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4.3 After Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4.4 Disposing of Pneumatic System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
5 Accidental Skin Puncture Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
6 Disease Prevention Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Appendix E: Supplemental Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
2 Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1Overview
Fan Filter
(covered)
ULTIGAS
M
perform sidestream measurements of respiratory and anesthetic gases.
The modules automatically identify and measure five common anesthetic
agents (Isoflurane, Halothane, Enflurane, Sevoflurane, Desflurane), and
report the agent detected and its measurement data to the host device
(such as an SC 9000, SC 7000, SC9000XL, or SC 8000 Patient Monitor, or
KION). The modules also monitor respiratory gases CO
report measurements to the host as waveforms (except N
parameters.
M
ULTIGAS
measure O
cell, and calculates average inspiratory values for O
ULTIGAS
M
provides both inspired and expired O
outward appearance of the modules differs only in the rear view. The O
galvanic cell is visible on the rear panel of the M
paramagnetic cell is internal in the M
this service manual, the term M
ULTIGAS
M
Exhaust Port Grounding Stud
™ and M
and M
2
ULTIGAS
ULTIGAS
. The basic M
+™ Modules (MGM) are free-standing units that
, N2O, and O2, and
2
O) and
2
+ Modules differ only in the way that they
ULTIGAS
Module measures O2 using a galvanic
(labeled iO2). The
2
+ Module Incorporates a faster-acting paramagnetic sensor that
measurements (iO2 and etO2). The
2
2
ULTIGAS
ULTIGAS
ULTIGAS
Module. The
+ Module. See Figure 1-1. In
is used synonymously with
+ unless specifically stated otherwise.
Fan Filter
(covered)
Exhaust Port
Grounding Stud
Power ConnectorO
O2 Cell
Figure 1-1 M
Cell
2
Connector
ULTIGAS
ULTIGAS
M
and M
Module M
ULTIGAS
2 Hardware Installation
X12
X12
CPS Connectors
IDS Connectors
SC 8000 ADV COM Option
CAN
Hardware Version
Label
RS232 Connector
Software Version
Label
Power Connector
ULTIGAS
+ Module
Hardware Version
Label
RS232 Connector
Software Version
Label
+ Modules - Rear Views
MGM connects to the host (monitor) via an I
Power Supply (CPS) or I
NFINITY
Docking Station (IDS) or SC 8000 Patient
NFINITY
Device Communication
Monitor. A cable connects the RS232 port on the rear of the MGM to the
SC 8000 or to X12 on the CPS/IDS. (The IDS must have a MIB Option
installed; SC 8000 requires installed Adv Com Option.) See illustrations at
left. The host displays parameter and setup information, only while the
module is actually connected. When the module is disconnected, all
parameters, waveforms, and setup menus remain on the display until the
host is powered off. If host is powered on again without MGM connected,
gas parameters and waveforms do not reappear.
Refer to the User Guide for the software version installed in the monitor,
for applicable Technical Data, and for procedures to access the MGM
menu structure in the monitor.
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3Service Strategy
In light of the state-of-the-art technology used in the manufacture of
Siemens' equipment, proprietary nature of the software, and specialized
equipment required for replacement of most individual parts, Siemens’
policy is for the MGM to be serviced only to the field-replaceable
subassembly level, after expiration of the warranty period. While in the
warranty period, an MGM found to be malfunctioning should be returned
to the factory for repair or replacement. After expiration of the warranty
period, replacement of components other than those listed in Spare /
Exchange Parts should be performed only at Siemens service depots.
4 Preventative Maintenance
Siemens recommends that the following preventative maintenance
procedures be performed annually.
Warning
All parts of a MultiGas/+ module that come in contact with the
patient’s airway (such as all internal and external tubing, water
trap and water trap manifold, and filters) may be contaminated.
Handle according to the hospital’s procedures and guidelines for
handling infectious substances. Also, see Disease Prevention.
Before initiating preventative maintenance procedures, do the following:
• With MGM running with host, verify that the reported revision of the
software and hardware is up to date in accordance with the Software
Compatibility Chart for the I
software in the host if the host is operating in standalone mode). If
not, the unit can be updated later in this procedure.
• Verify status that no errors are flagged. If any errors are flagged,
troubleshoot and repair the MGM before completing the following
procedure.
1. Turn off power to MGM.
2. Unscrew top cover, and gently remove cover.
3. Inspect and replace the following, if necessary (expected replacement
rate of these parts is once per year):
• Internal Nafion® Tubing Assy (qty=2)
•Room air filter
• Pump filter
• Internal Bacterial filter (qty=2)
• Water trap seals (qty=2)
•Fan filter
NFININTY NETWORK
(or with the installed
• Water trap
4. Clean and remove any excess dust, etc.
5. If necessary, update software and/or hardware.
6. Power up MGM.
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7. Perform Leakage Check Procedure.
8. Perform Pump Flow Rate Verification Procedure.
9. Perform Span Verification Procedure.
10. Turn unit off and replace top cover.
11. Power up unit and verify status is okay.
5 Recommended Tools & Test Equipment
• SC 9000, SC 7000 / SC 9000XL Patient Monitor with CPS or IDS (with
installed MIB Option + CAN), or SC 8000 (with installed Adv Com
Option), or KION
• Appropriate communication cables (from host to MGM).
• Siemens Calibration Kit - SVC TOOL MGM/MGM+ CAL KIT, Art. No.
52 07 415 E536U, containing the following:
Calibration gas - contains 3.00% Isoflurane, 5.00% CO
, 40.00% N2O,
2
52% Oxygen (with a 1% gas concentration accuracy), Siemens Art.
No. 57 36 322 E536U.
Gas Regulator
Tubing w/ Luer-lock fittings
T-Piece w/ Luer-lock fittings
Two-way valve w/ Luer-lock fittings
Gas collection bag
• Flow meter with a range of minimum 0 - 350 ml/min, accuracy ±5%
or better, (Sierra Flow Control Model 822-13-OV1-PV1-V1 calibrated
for “standard - l/min” is recommended
• Pressure Gauge
Recommended: Setra Digital Pressure Gauge, Model 370 or equiv.
Note: Pressure gauge required only if verifying and/or calibrating the
pressure channel. The hospital and/or a local weather station or
airport may be able to provide a reading.
• Exhaust system (for exhausting calibration gas).
• Digital Voltmeter w/ 3½ digit resolution (minimum)
• Oscilloscope (optional)
• Hand tools:
— Medium sized Phillips screwdriver
— Medium sized flat head screw driver
— Wire cutters
— Non - serrated needle nose pliers
• Loctite adhesive or equivalent
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Chapter 2 Functional Description
1Introduction
Breathing
Circuit
Airway
Adapter
THE MULTIGAS
Both
infrared measurement of respiratory and anesthetic gases. The O
analyzer subsystem of the M
cell, and the M
are designed to work with the host monitor through a serial digital
interface. The MGM is intended for measuring airway gases of ventilated
patients, within the anesthesia workplace, during the induction and
maintenance of, and emergence from, general anesthesia.
Main System &
Subsystem Hardware
Pneumatic System
Agent Analyzer
Oxygen Analyzer
Agent Identification
and M
ULTIGAS
Central
Processing
(Firmware)
Communications
Data Processing
Flow Control
ULTIGAS
+ Modules provide a non-dispersive
ULTIGAS
module uses an electrochemical fuel
2
+ module uses a paramagnetic cell. Both modules
Host Unit
Sample Gas
Exhaust
Figure 2-1 Functional MGM Block Diagram
2 Overall Functionality
3 Method of Operation
The MGM pulls the sample gas off the endotracheal tube of a ventilated
patient and leads the sample gas through three analyzer subsystems: the
Agent Measurement Analyzer (AMA), the Oxygen (O
) Analyzer, and the
2
Agent Identification Analyzer (AIDA). The computational processing unit in
the MGM derives waveform data for CO
Halothane, Enflurane, Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, and Desflurane), and O
, anesthetic agents (one out of
2
,
2
together with airway respiration rate and inspired and end-tidal values for
the gases, and also including N
O. The derived data is transmitted to the
2
host system which derives alarms from the received data, displays all the
alarms and data, and communicates them to other functional modules in
the monitoring system.
The airway gases measurement technique used in the AMA subsystem
and the AIDA subsystem are based on the non-dispersive infrared
absorption of light by molecular gases.
The airway gases measurement technique used in the oxygen analyzer
subsystem of the Anesthetic Gas Subsystem is dependent on the type of
O
transducer used.
2
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Figure 2-2 Anesthetic Gas Subsystem Functional Block Diagram
4 Subassemblies, Modules and Components
This document describes the subassemblies, modules, and components
of the MGM, how they are controlled by the central processing unit, how
the CPU processes the data received from the analyzer subsystems, and
how communication between the MGM and the host system (SC 9000,
SC 7000, SC 9000XL, or SC 8000 Patient Monitor) works.
5 Anesthetic Gas Subsystem
Figure 2-2 shows a functional block diagram of the Anesthetic Gas
Subsystem, which houses the system board and the following major
components:
• Agent Measurement Analyzer (AMA)
• Agent Identification Analyzer (AIDA)
• Oxygen (O
• Pneumatic System
• Power Supply
These components are typically built into a metal box whose dimensions,
weight, and additional features meet the unique requirements of the
SC9000, SC 7000, SC 9000XL, SC 8000 or similar host. Typically it includes
a power switch, a power connector, an RS-232 connector, a gas inlet, and
an exhaust tube.
) Analyzer
2
6 Main System
The Pneumatic System (consisting of the pump, tubing system, solenoid
valves, and flow control components) pulls the gas from the gas inlet
through the analyzer subsystems at a well-defined flow rate. The second
solenoid valve is used when both the Oxygen (O
Identification Analyzer are installed.
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) Analyzer and the Agent
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The Agent Measurement Analyzer determines the concentration of CO
N
O and one anesthetic agent in the gas sample. The AMA is plumbed
2
“first in line,” so that CO
data is not distorted and capnographic
2
2
waveforms can accurately be displayed by the host monitoring system.
The O
Analyzer determines the oxygen concentration in the gas sample.
2
The Pressure Transducer measures the differential pressure of the gas
contained in the pneumatic system. During a Zero calibration this equals
the ambient environmental pressure. This pressure transducer is
physically housed in the AMA, but plumbed after the O
Analyzer.
2
The Agent Identification Analyzer determines which anesthetic agents, if
any, are contained in the gas sample.
The Power Supply provides the Anesthetic Gas Subsystem and all of its
components with the power necessary to keep the system working. It
operates at an input voltage range of 100 - 240 V
, and is certified to be in
ac
compliance with the applicable requirements of UL544 (Patient Care
Equipment), CSA 22.2 No. 234 (Level 3), IEC 601-1 (1988), EN60601, and
VDE 0750/5.82.
The Electronics Subsystem, with memory (ROM and RAM), multiplexers,
A-D converter, and power line supervision, is responsible for the following
functions:
• Acquisition and processing of data from, and control of, the AMA
• Acquisition and processing of data from the Oxygen Analyzer
,
• Controlling the Pneumatic System
• Controlling the communications between the Anesthetic Gas
Subsystem and the host monitoring system
• Controlling the communications between the Anesthetic Gas
Subsystem and the Agent Identification Subsystem.
The MGM/AMA Electronics Subsystem has two communications
channels -- one connected to an external RS-232 port and the other
connected to the AIDA Electronics Subsystem.
The AIDA Electronics Subsystem, with memory (ROM and RAM),
multiplexers, A-D converter, and power line supervision, acquires and
processes data from agent identification and controls the AIDA. The only
communications channel in the AIDA Electronics Subsystem is the one
connected to the MGM/AMA Electronics Subsystem.
Full functionality of the Anesthetic Gas Subsystem is controlled by its
firmware.
7 Agent Measurement Analyzer
The proven, known, and widely used technology of non-dispersive infrared
gas analysis is used by the AMA in the Anesthetic Gas Subsystem.Figure
2-3 on page 8 is a functional block diagram of this analyzer subsystem.
The infrared light source is constructed of tungsten powder metal which is
embedded in an Al
operating temperature of 600°C. Infrared emission from this source is
distributed as a blackbody radiator.
ceramic. This source is electrically heated to an
2O3
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Metal Cavity
Infrared
Detector
With TE
Cooler
NVRAM
Memory
AMA Preamp
Board Assembly
Preamp
Circuits
Infrared
Light
Source
Wideband
Light Beam
Containing
Infrared
Filter Wheel
Cavity Heater
Filter Wheel
With IR Optical
Bandpass Filters
Thermistor
Mot or
Sample Cell
Window
Gas
Input
Gas
Sample
Cel l
Thermistor
Gas
Output
Sample Cell
Window
Figure 2-3 Agent Measurement Analyzer Functional Block Diagram
The sample cell is constructed of a stainless steel tube with a reflective
inside surface which serves as a light pipe. The sample cell length has been
designed to provide an adequate absorption length to obtain the desired
signal-to-noise ratio for the weakest anticipated absorption. Sapphire serves
N2O
as the sample cell window material for the two ends of the sample cell.
The gas sample to be analyzed enters the sample cell through the gas inlet and
leaves it through the gas outlet. While in the cell, the gas sample is penetrated
Agent CO
by light from the infrared light (IR) source. This light is filtered by coated optical
2
bandpass filters mounted on the filter wheel (see illustration at left). The
attached brushless DC motor spins the filter wheel so that the appropriate filter
for each gas type (CO
, N2O, agent) comes into place one after the other. The
2
filter wheel cavity heater maintains the metal cavity at 65°C under control of a
thermistor. The wavelengths used are --
Reference Blank
Filter Wheel
•4.3µ for CO
•3.6µ for N2O
• 3.3µ for anesthetic agents
2
The thermistor attached to the sample cell wall provides a measure for the
sample cell temperature. Knowledge of sample pressure and sample
temperature is vital to accurately determine gas concentrations in the gas
sample. Sample pressure is provided by a pressure transducer housed in
the AMA but actually plumbed behind the O
Analyzer. It is therefore its
2
own gas connection.
The photoresistive lead selenide (PbSe) infrared detector, mounted on the
preamplifier board assembly, converts the IR radiation not absorbed by the
gas sample to an electrical signal. The transmittance of IR radiation is a
measure of the total number of molecules of a given gas in the sample cell.
The detector’s output signals are preamplified and consist of a pulse
stream, one pulse for each IR filter, corresponding to the fraction of this gas
type in the sample. The IR detector temperature is kept at 2°C by a thermoelectric cooler to enhance signal-to-noise ratio.
A calibration mechanism guarantees long-term stable measurements and
eliminates filter variations.
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Chopped
Infrared
Light
Source
Wideband
Light Beam
Containing
Infrared
Light
Chopper
Motor
Wideband
Infrared
Light
Sample Cell
Window
Gas
Input
Gas
Sample
Cell
Figure 2-4 Agent Identification Analyzer (AIDA) Functional Block Diagram
8 Agent Identification Analyzer
Gas
Output
Sample Cell
Window
Specific
IR Wavelengths
IR Optical
Bandpass
Filters
(4 of 7 illustrated)
Thermopile
Infrared
Detectors
(4 of 7 illustrated)
AIDA Preamp
Board Assembly
Thermistor
Preamp
Circuits
NVRAM
Memory
The agent identification function identifies which of the following
anesthetic agents is being used:
• one agent out of Isoflurane, Halothane, Enflurane, or
• one agent out of Isoflurane, Halothane, Sevoflurane, or
• one agent out of Isoflurane, Halothane, Desflurane.
Like the AMA, the AIDA in the Anesthetic Gas Subsystem uses the
technology of non-dispersive infrared gas analysis. Figure 2-4 shows a
functional block diagram of this analyzer subsystem.
Infrared light from the IR light source (which is identical to the AMA IR light
source) is modulated using a rotating chopper wheel driven by a stepping
motor which is speed controlled by the Electronics Subsystem.
Narrow band filtering and demodulation techniques greatly enhance the
quality of the signal generated in the infrared absorption process.
The sample cell is made of thermoplastic, and has a conical shape and nonreflective walls. The cell window material is silicon.
Seven thermopile IR detectors which do not require cooling, each output
an analog signal whose magnitude is inversely proportional to the infrared
light absorption at the corresponding frequency. These frequencies are
determined by the bandpass filters (4 of 7 illustrated in Figure 2-4)
operating in the wavelength region from 10µ to 13µ. The thermistor output
is used to compensate for the effect of IR filter temperature changes. The
analog signals are directly related to the anesthetic agent gas
concentrations in the sample cell.
The IR detector outputs are measured during both chopper wheel phases.
Measurements taken when the IR light beam is interrupted provide the
dark level reference needed by the signal processing software.
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These signals are amplified, filtered, and digitized by the pre-amplifier on
the pre-amplifier board assembly. The digitized waveform is then
demodulated by the electronics subsystem to obtain a transmission value
for each detector.
The following transmission data is used to obtain the gas concentration
values used by the agent identification routine.
• The seven preamplified IR detector outputs
• The thermistor output
• The Zero calibration constants
• Factory characterization constants
• Gas concentration algorithms
• Primary agent ID thresholds
• Secondary agent ID thresholds
• Primary to secondary agent ID crosstalk factors
A calibration mechanism guarantees long-term stable measurements and
eliminates filter variations.
9 Oxygen Analyzer
9.1 Paramagnetic O2
Measurement
9.2 Electrochemical O2
Measurement
10Pneumatic System
In the M
“fast” O
type sensor provides O
ULTIGAS
2
+ Module, the Paramagnetic Oxygen Transducer provides
measurement. In the M
measurement with a slower response time. Both
2
ULTIGAS
Module, the electrochemical
the paramagnetic sensor and the electrochemical cell deliver an analog
signal linearly proportional to the oxygen concentration in the sample gas.
O2 is paramagnetic, which means that a magnetic field induced in O2 will
be in the same direction as, and in greater strength than, the magnetizing
field. In the paramagnetic oxygen transducer, O
is placed in two sealed
2
spheres of a dumb-bell assembly, which is suspended on a spring device
in a symmetrical non-uniform magnetic field. The assembly assumes a
position away from the most intense part of the field.
Sample gas surrounds the dumb-bell assembly, and when the surrounding
gas contains O
by the relatively stronger paramagnetic O
, the dumb-bell spheres are pushed further out of the field
2
. The strength of the torque
2
acting on the dumb-bell is proportional to the paramagnetism of the
surrounding gas, and is converted into an analog voltage which is likewise
proportional to the oxygen concentration.
The electrochemical O2 analyzer operates like a battery. O2 in the gas
sample, in contact with an electrolyte, generates a voltage proportional to
the concentration of O
.
2
The Anesthetic Gas Subsystem includes a gas sampling system which
accurately controls the flow rate of gas through the analyzer system.
Nafion® tubing, a hygroscopic material made from Teflon and polypropylenesulfonic acid copolymer, is added to the sampling line inside the
Anesthetic Gas Subsystem to eliminate residual water. Anesthetic agents,
N
O, and CO2 are impermeable to the tubing.
2
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Figure 2-5 Pneumatics Block Diagram (excerpt from Figure 2-2.)
As illustrated in Figure 2-5, pneumatic solenoid valves are incorporated in
the gas stream to switch between the patient gas stream (normal
operation) and room air (during Zero calibration). The selected gas (patient
or room air) is directed to the Agent Measurement Analyzer, O
analyzer,
2
and Agent Identification Analyzer.
A servo controlled pump is attached to the exhaust of the analyzer. The
pump generates the flow through the system and pulls the gas from the
airway adapter through the analyzers to the exhaust outlet. It also delivers
the Zero calibration gas to the sample cells of the analyzer subsystems for
the periodic zero procedures, and exhausts the patient’s sample gas, zero
calibration and field calibration gases. The pump can be operated at four
different flow rates, which are hardware-adjusted during factory calibration
of the MGM. See Table 2-1.
Table 2-1 Pump Flow Rates
Flow
Type
Flow
Rate
Idle No Flow Pump switched off
Low 120
ml/min
With Paramagnetic O
analyzer
Used for analysis of
patient gas samples
High 200
ml/min
With Paramagnetic O
analyzer
Used for purging
Agent Measurement
and paramagnetic O
analyzers before and
after zero calibration
Purge 350 ml/
min
With Paramagnetic O
analyzer
Used for purging the
Agent Identification
Analyzer before and
after Zero calibration
Description
With Electrochemical O
2
analyzer
Optionally used for
analysis of patient gas
samples.
With Electrochemical O
2
analyzer
Used for normal analysis
of patient gas samples
2
With Electrochemical O2
2
analyzer
Used for purging the
Agent Measurement and
Agent Identification
Analyzers before and
after Zero calibration
2
2
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A flow sensor, consisting of a differential pressure transducer, a dampener,
and a flow restrictor, is used to determine, stabilize and limit the flow rate
of the sampled gas. The output from the pressure transducer is used in a
servo system to control the drive power to the pump. The dampener (a
15cc container) isolates the sample cells of the analyzer subsystems from
pulsations, enabling a smooth flow through the system. The flow rate
control logic works as hard as necessary to maintain the selected flow rate.
A partial occlusion, or an inefficient pump, result in the pump being driven
harder. A serious occlusion results in the pump being driven at or near its
maximum drive. A sense circuit is then triggered to report an occlusion.
11Self-Test
A power-up self-test is performed to validate the contents of firmware
memory (ROM), read/write memory (RAM) and non-volatile memory
(NVRAM), and to verify errorless access to these storage devices for read
and write operations.
12Calibration
In order to guarantee long-time stable measurement performance the
MGM must be enabled to cope with three types of conditions that can lead
to measurement errors:
12.1 Factory Calibration
12.2 Field Span
Calibration
• Small differences among the components of a subsystem (e.g.,
caused by limitations in manufacturing precision)
• Changes of the physical properties of some components over time
(e.g., caused by aging or pollution)
• Limitations in the compensation for certain effects (e.g., changes in
cell temperature/pressure or cross-gas interference)
Each of these conditions can be handled by an appropriate calibration
process performed either during original manufacture, as part of normal
preventive maintenance, or during normal use.
During factory calibration, the individual performance of each subsystem
unit is measured. Polynomial coefficients are then calculated from these
individual response curves and stored in the unit itself. These coefficients
are later used to compensate for possible unit-to-unit component
differences.
During field Span calibration, accurately known concentrations of each gas
of interest are introduced into the AMA and O
measured. Differences between the known and the measured values are
used to calculate the appropriate coefficients for compensation of these
differences.
Field Span calibration of the anesthetic agent, CO
typically part of preventive maintenance.
The paramagnetic O
When an electrochemical O
periodically be Span calibrated.
analyzer typically does not require Span calibration.
2
sensor is in use, the O2 channel must
2
Analyzer sample cells and
2
and N2O channels is
2
12.3 Zero Calibration
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During Zero calibration, the analyzer subsystems are purged with room air
or nitrogen to eliminate any gas of interest (concentration of these gases is
“zero”). Oxygen or nitrogen are convenient “Zero calibration gases” since
they do not absorb infrared radiation in the wavelengths used by the AMA
and AIDA. Since atmospheric air is composed primarily of oxygen and
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nitrogen, with small amounts of water and CO2, normal room air is used
for zeroing the MGM system. Optionally, the MGM can be Zero calibrated
with 100% dry nitrogen.
Since changes of physical properties of subsystem components have the
same effect on room air measurement performance, this is used as a
reference and therefore to calculate new coefficients which help
compensate for such changes. Zero calibration of the MGM analyzer
subsystem is requested by the MGM as follows:
• after certain time intervals
• after certain changes in operation
• after certain operational failures have been detected.
The Zero calibration process measures the infrared signal strength
(transmittance) when no IR absorbing gases are in the sample cell. AMA
and AIDA field calibration software compensates for the small absorption
12.4 Storage of
Calibration Data
from atmospheric CO
With one exception, all Zero calibration data is stored in and used from
volatile RAM memory. The Zero calibration data calculated by the first
successful Zero calibration after is stored in non-volatile NVRAM memory
for use after subsequent resets.
.
2
All Span calibration data is stored in non-volatile NVRAM memory. Critical
data is replicated into a second location in both RAM memory (for
immediate use) and NVRAM memory.
Block checksums are used to confirm continued validity of NVRAM and
RAM data. Power cycling does not affect this data
Both the AMA and AIDA subsystems have their own NVRAM memory for
storing their own calibration data, enabling interchangeability of these
subsystems with system boards.
Calibration data for the oxygen analyzer is stored in AMA NVRAM memory.
12.5 Calibration of Agent
Measurement
Analyzer
12.5.1 Factory Calibration Factory calibration compensates for small differences among the following
components: pressure transducer, infrared (IR) light source, sample cell
thermistor, filter heater element, filter cavity thermistor, each of the IR
bandpass filters, IR detector, and thermo-electric cooler. Near the end of
the manufacturing process, binary gases are used to characterize each
AMA. The characterization process also analyzes individual cross-gas
interference. The last function performed during characterization is to
verify performance by sampling cocktail gases. Each unit ends up with is
own unique set of response curves, and the ability to accurately report gas
concentrations based on its individual parts and characteristics.
12.5.2 Field Span Calibration The AMA should be calibrated by trained service personnel once every 12
months using precision calibration gases. The resulting Span calibration data
is stored in NVRAM memory. The host system can replace field calibration
data with the original factory calibration data via software command.
12.5.3 Zero Calibration To maintain the highest gas concentration measurement accuracy
possible, the MGM requests that the host command Zero calibration at the
following time intervals The Zero calibration is performed automatically,
requiring no user intervention.
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:
Zero Calibration Time Interval
1st 8 minutes after power-up or reset
2nd 15 minutes after power-up or reset
3rd 30 minutes after power-up or reset
4th 45 minutes after power-up or reset
5th 90 minutes after power-up or reset
next 8 hours after previous calibration
12.6 Agent Identification
Analyzer
12.6.1 Factory Calibration Factory calibration compensates for small differences among the following
components: infrared (IR) light source, detector thermistor, each of the
seven IR bandpass filters, and each of the seven IR detectors. Near the end
of the manufacturing process, binary gases are used to characterize each
AIDA. The last function performed during characterization is to verify performance by sampling cocktail gases. Each Analyzer ends up with its own
unique set of response curves, and the ability to accurately measure and
identify anesthetic agents based on its individual parts and characteristics.
12.6.2 Field Span Calibration The function of the AIDA is to measure accurately very low gas
concentrations, most critically in the range of 0.0% to 0.5% where
identification thresholds are set. Since field Span calibration would not
influence the performance of the Analyzer in this very narrow range, none
is required.
12.6.3 Zero Calibration As with the AMA, regular Zero calibration is required. The Zero calibration
process is exactly the same as for the AMA, but the time intervals are
slightly different. The first Zero calibration is performed automatically
(without host involvement) 2 minutes after power-up. Other Zero calibrations are requested of the host system as described in Section 12.5.3.
12.7 Paramagnetic O2
Analyzer
12.7.1 Factory Calibration The paramagnetic O2 analyzer is calibrated with potentiometers at the 0%
and 100% point of its measurement range.
12.7.2 Field Span Calibration The paramagnetic O
calibration commands using appropriate precision calibration gases.
The resulting Span calibration data is stored in NVRAM memory. The host
can replace field calibration data with the original factory calibration data via
software command.
12.7.3 Field Zero Calibration Zero calibration of the paramagnetic O
air. This is done every time the AMA is Zero calibrated.
analyzer may be Span calibrated in the field via Span
2
analyzer is performed with room
2
12.8 Fuel Cell Type O2
Analyzer Calibration
12.8.1 Factory Calibration The fuel cell type O2 analyzer does not require “characterization” or factory
calibration. In the case where a fuel cell type O
to original equipment shipment, field Span and Zero calibration are
performed.
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12.8.2 Field Span and Zero
Calibration
The fuel cell type O
output is continually degrading during use. Fuel cell type O
analyzer must be periodically Span calibrated since its
2
analyzer Span
2
and Zero calibration is performed using the MGM 2-point Span calibration
command as discussed in Section 12.7.2. The resulting O
calibration data
2
is stored in NVRAM memory.
12.8.3 Field Zero Calibration Separate Zero calibration of the fuel cell type O
analyzer is not required.
2
12.9 Pneumatic System
Calibration
12.9.1 Factory Calibration The pneumatic system of the Agent Analyzer Subsystem is factory-
calibrated by performing range adjustments. A flow meter is used to adjust
the four possible flow rates in which the pump can operate. These values
are set by appropriately adjusting three potentiometers.
The specific flow rates listed below are representative of one MGM
configuration. Other configurations may use slightly different flow rates.
Flow Type Flow Rate
Idle No flow
Low 120 ml/min
High 200 ml/min.
Purge 350 ml/min.
12.9.2 Field Flow Rate Calibration Trained service personnel may perform a field calibration of the pneumatic
system. A field calibration consists of the same range adjustments done
during the factory calibration.
13Software
Figure 2-6 on page 16 shows a functional block diagram of MGM software.
Each bubble indicates a submodule of that software and represents a
functional task that is described in more detail below. Each box indicates a
hardware part controlled by the firmware. Figure 2-6 also shows that the
AIDA Control and Data Processing submodules run on its own AIDA
Electronics Subsystem while all remaining submodules are executed by
the MGM/AMA Electronics Subsystem, both shown in Figure 2-6.
13.1 AMA Data
Acquisition
The AMA Data Acquisition submodule, physically located on the AMA,
acquires IR detector output signal pulses, sample cell pressure, sample
cell temperature, filter wheel cavity temperature, and IR detector
temperature data from the AMA. Additional data acquired by the
submodule includes ambient temperature, pump flow rate, four MGM
system board voltage measurements and the output of the O
analyzer.
2
These analog signals are digitized by an A-D converter in the MGM/AMA
Electronics Subassembly. The submodule stores this raw data in shared
RAM memory so that the AMA Signal Processing and the Control
submodules can access and further process them.
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Figure 2-6 Software Functional Block Diagram
13.2 AMA Signal
Processing
The AMA Data Acquisition and Control submodules send control signals to
the AMA to control its IR source, TE cooler temperature, filter wheel motor
speed, and filter wheel heater temperature.
Additional data acquired by the submodule includes ambient temperature,
pump flow rate, four MGM system board voltage measurements and the
output of the O
These analog signals are digitized by an A-D converter in the MGM/AMA
Electronics Subassembly. The submodule stores this raw data in shared
RAM memory so that the AMA Signal Processing and the Control
submodules can access and further process them.
The AMA Data Acquisition and Control submodules send control signals to
the AMA to control its IR source, TE cooler temperature, filter wheel motor
speed, and filter wheel heater temperature.
The Data Acquisition submodule checks the digitized data against A-D
converter boundary conditions and issues an A-D limit error to the MGM/
AMA Control submodule if necessary.
The AMA Signal Processing submodule reads the AMA IR detector output
data from RAM memory, takes an average of four samples and normalizes
this average by multiplying the zero constant offset determined during the
last Zero calibration of the AMA. This zero constant is read from the AMA
RAM memory. The normalized data is stored in RAM memory from where
it is read and further processed by the AMA Gas Concentration Algorithms
submodule.
analyzer.
2
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