Siemens CF62 Service Manual

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Copyright 2004© Siemens AG
Service Repair Documentation
Level 2.5e - CF62, CF62R, CF63
Release Date Department Notes to change
1.0 27.04.2004 ICM MP CCQ GRM T New document
1.1 22.02.2005 COM MD CC GRM T CF62R added
Service Repair Documentation Level 2.5e - CF62, CF62R, CF63
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Table of Contents:
1 List of available level 2,5e parts CF62, CF62R, CF63.....................................................3
2 Required Equipment for Level 2,5e.................................................................................5
3 Required Software for Level 2,5e CF62, CF62R, CF63 ..................................................5
4 Radio Part .......................................................................................................................6
5 Logic / Control...............................................................................................................20
6 Power Supply ................................................................................................................25
7 Interfaces.......................................................................................................................40
8 Acoustic.........................................................................................................................44
9 Display and Illumination.................................................................................................46
10 Keyboard.......................................................................................................................49
11 Magnetic switch.............................................................................................................49
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1 List of available level 2,5e parts CF62, CF62R, CF63
Component Typ/Circuit Part Mobile Phone Component Details ID Partnumber
ASIC CF62, CF62R, CF63 Power Supply TWIGO03_LIGHT D361 L36145-J4682-Y54 Cap_Diode_26MHz_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Cap_Diode_1SV305 V3961 L36840-D61-D670 Capacitor RTC Buffer CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100U C395 L36391-F1107-M Capacitor_PA_Buffer CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 4U7 C3998 L36197-F5008-F658 Capacitor_Transceiver_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C3920 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Transceiver_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C3931 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Transceiver_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C3932 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Transceiver_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C3966 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Transceiver_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C3999 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Transceiver_Circuit CF63 Capacitor 100N C3930 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 2U2 C368 L36377-F6225-M Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 2U2 C369 L36377-F6225-M Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 2U2 C370 L36377-F6225-M Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 4U7 C371 L36377-F6475-M Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 1U0 C372 L36377-F6105-K Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 2U2 C373 L36377-F6225-M Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C374 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 2U2 C377 L36377-F6225-M Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 2U2 C3973 L36377-F6225-M Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C165 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C200 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C201 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C202 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C207 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C209 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C220 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C362 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C363 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C364 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C365 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C366 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C367 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C381 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C382 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C383 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C384 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C385 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Twigo_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 100N C1339 L36853-C9104-M4 Capacitor_Vreg_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 4U 7 C1337 L36377-F6475-M Capacitor_Vreg_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 4U 7 C1336 L36377-F6475-M Capacitor_Vreg_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Capacitor 4U 7 C1356 L36375-F3475-K
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Coil_Vreg_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Coil 10U L1302 L36 151-F5103-M7 Coil_Vreg_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Coil 10U L1303 L36 140-F2100-Y6 Connector CF62, CF62R, CF63 Connector-RF - FOR RFTESTS X3800 L36334-Z97-C334 Diode KB7 CF62, CF62R, CF63 Diode_RB751S-40 V151 L36840-D5062-D670 Diode_Battery_Interface CF62, CF62R, CF63 Diode BAV99T V1400 L36840-D66-D670 Diode_SIM_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Diode ESDALC-6V1W5 V1605 L36197-F501 4-F98 Diode_Vreg_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Diode BAT760 V1303 L36840-D5076-D670 Filter_IO Interface CF62, CF62R, CF63 EMI_EMV_Filter Z1500 L36197-F5000-F116 IC MODUL PA CF62, CF62R, CF63 PF08140B SMD N3981 L36851-Z2002-A63
FEM HITACHI GSM900 1800
IC_FEM CF62, CF62R IC_FEM CF63
IC_Processor_EGOLD+ CF62, CF62R, CF63 PMB7850 V3.1F , V3.1H M42 D171 L36197-F5019-F415 IC_Transceiver CF62, CF62R, CF63 HD155155NPEB N3921 L36820-L6142-D670 Oszillator_RF_Logic CF62, CF62R, CF63 Oszillator_26MHz Z3961 L36145-F260-Y17 Oszillator_RTC CF62, CF62R, CF63 Oszillator_32,768KHZ Z171 L36145-F102-Y10 Resistor_Temp_TVCXO CF62, CF62R, CF63 Resistor_Temp 22k R R3967 L36120-F4223 - H Switch_CLAM CF62, CF62R, CF63 Magnetic Switch TLE4913 S3300 L36197-F5008-F63 Trans_Charge_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Transistor SI3911DV V361 L36830-C1110-D670 Trans_Keyboard_LED CF62, CF62R, CF63 Transistor SI1902DL/FDG6303N V2800 L36830-C1112-D670 Trans_LCD_LED CF62, CF62R, CF63 Transistor BC846S V2302 L36 840-C4014-D670 Trans_LCD_LED CF62, CF62R, CF63 Transistor BC846S V2303 L36 840-C4014-D670 Trans_Light_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Transistor SI1902DL V2210 L36830-C1132-D670 Trans_Light_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Transistor SI1902DL V2211 L36830-C1132 -D670 Trans_Light_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Transistor SI1902DL V2212 L36830-C1132 -D670 Trans_Light_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Transistor SI1902DL V2209 L36830-C1132 -D670 Trans_Vibra_Circuit CF62, CF62R, CF63 Transistor SI1865DL V211 L36810-C6 144-D670 Volt.Regulator_LCD_LED CF62, CF62R, CF63 VReg LM2733 N1304 L36820-C6250-D670
1900 FEM HITACHI GSM850 1800
1900
N3901 L36145-K280-Y258 N3901 L36145-K280-Y259
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2 Required Equipment for Level 2,5e
- GSM-Tester (CMU200 or 4400S incl. Options)
- PC-incl. Monitor, Keyboard and Mouse
- Bootadapter 2000/2002 (L36880-N9241-A200)
- Adapter cable for Bootadapter due to new Lumberg connector (F30032-P226-A1)
- Troubleshooting Frame CF62 (F30032-P363-A1)
- Power Supply
- Spectrum Analyser
- Active RF-Probe incl. Power Supply
- Oscilloscope incl. Probe
- RF-Connector (N<>SMA(f))
- Power Supply Cables
- Dongle (F30032-P28-A1) if USB-Dongle is used a special driver for NT is required
- BGA Soldering equipment
Reference: Equipment recommendation Version X (Xwest version) (downloadable from the technical support page)
3 Required Software for Level 2,5e CF62, CF62R, CF63
- Winsui V1.45
- Software for GSM-Tester (GRT)
- Software for reference oscillator adjustment
- Internet unblocking solution (JPICS)
- Dongle driver for dongle protected Siemens software tools
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4 Radio Part
The radio part realizes the conversion of the GMSK-HF-signals from the antenna to the base-band and vice versa.
In the receiving direction, the signals are split in the I- and Q-component and led to the D/A­converter of the logic part. In the transmission direction, the GMSK-signal is generated in an Up Conversion Modulation Phase Locked Loop by modulation of the I- and Q-signals which were generated in the logic part. After that the signals are amplified in the power amplifier.
Transmitter and Receiver are never active at the same time. Simultaneous receiving in two bands is impossible. Simultaneous transmission in two bands is impossible, too. However the monitoring band (monitoring timeslot) in the TDMA-frame can be chosen independently of the receiving respectively the transmitting band (RX- and TX timeslot of the band).
The RF-part of the CF62/CF62R is dimensioned for triple band operation (EGSM900, GSM1800, GSM1900) supporting GPRS functionality up to multiclass 10. CF63 is dimensioned for trible band operation (GSM850, GSM 1800, GSM1900) supporting GPRS functionality up to multiclass 10.
The RF-circuit consists of the following components:
Hitachi Bright VE chip set with the following functionality:
o PLL for local oscillator LO1 and LO2 and TxVCO o Integrated local oscillators LO1, LO2 (without loop filter) o Integrated TxVCO (without loop filter and core inductors for GSM) o Direct conversion receiver including LNA, DC-mixer, channel filtering and PGC-
amplifier
o Active part of 26 MHz reference oscillator
Hitachi LTCC transmitter power amplifier with integrated power control circuitry
Hitachi Frontend-Module including RX-/TX-switch and EGSM900 / GSM1800 / GSM
1900 receiver SAW-filters for CF62/CF62R
Hitachi Frontend-Module including RX-/TX-switch and GSM850 / GSM 1900 receiver SAW-filters for CF63
Quartz and passive circuitry of the 26MHz VCXO reference oscillator.
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4.1 Block diagram RF part
CF62 HIT RF Block Diagram
internal
antenna
matching
FEM
Hitachi
antenna
FEM incl.
SAW &
PIN-diode
switch
PA_RAMP
RF connector
only for
adjustment mechanical
switch
TXON_GSM RF_SW
TXONPA
BATT+
external
Loopfilter
PA
Hitachi
"current sensing"
925-960 MHz
2
1805 - 1880 MHz
2
1930 - 1990 MHz
2
AFC_PNM
Internal power
control using
Vapc
Varicap
Crystal 26MHz
to Baseband
2
GSM LNA
2
PCN LNA
2
PCS LNA
integr. RF VCO
3476 - 3980
MHz
VCXO
26 MHz
26MHz
900
1800/1900 Integrated
TX-VCOs
frontend
IQ demodulator
IQ demodulator
RF PLL
TX-loop
filter
1
1
26MHz
2
2
26MHz
R
D
1
1
DC autocalibration
integr.
IF VCO
640 - 656 MHz
external
1/2
loopfilter
1/2
1/2
IF PLL
PFD+CP
1/2
D
PFD+CP
1
1/2
R
1
PCN GSM
Analouge /
Digital Phase -
+
PD
phase
charge
detector
pump
Transceiver IC
Hitachi Bright VE
frequency
detector
Feedback filter
GSM: 80MHz PCN: 80MHz DCS: 80MHz
IQ modulator
1
Vers.1.0 Confidential - Copyright Siemens AG
BATT+
VCC2_8
VCC_SYN
BANDSW
PA_RAMP
State
machine
Serial
Interface
TX_GSM TX_PCN TXONPA
RFCLK RFSTR RFDATA
26_MHz_BB
26_MHz_BT TVCXO
AFC_PNM
RF_I RF_IX
Basebend
2
RF_Q RF_QX
base bandradio part
CF63 HIT RF Block Diagram
internal
antenna
matching
FEM
Hitachi
antenna
FEM incl.
SAW &
PIN-diode
switch
PA_RAMP
RF connector
only for
adjustment
mechanical
switch
TXON_GSM RF_SW
TXONPA
BATT+
external
Loopfilter
PA
Hitachi
"current sensing"
869 - 894 MHz
2
1805 - 1880 MHz
2
1930 - 1990 MHz
2
AFC_PNM
Internal power
control using
Vapc
Varicap
Crystal 26MHz
to Baseband
2
GSM LNA
2
PCN LNA
2
PCS LNA
integr. RF VCO
3476 - 3980
MHz
VCXO
26 MHz
26MHz
859
1800/1900 Integrated
TX-VCOs
frontend
IQ demodulator
IQ demodulator
RF PLL
1
1
26MHz
TX-loop
filter
2
1/2
2
PFD+CP
+
charge
pump
IF PLL
PFD+CP
1/2
D
1
1/2
R
1
PCN GSM
PD
phase
detector
Transceiver IC
Hitachi Bright VE
26MHz
R
1
D
1
Analouge /
Digital Phase -
frequency
detector
Feedback filter
DC autocalibration
640 - 656 MHz
external loopfilter
GSM: 80MHz PCN: 80MHz DCS: 80MHz
integr.
IF VCO
1/2
1/2
Vers.1.0 Confidential - Copyright Siemens AG
IQ modulator
1
BATT+
VCC2_8
VCC_SYN
BANDSW
PA_RAMP
State
machine
Serial
Interface
2
TX_GSM TX_PCN TXONPA
RFCLK RFSTR RFDATA
26_MHz_BB
26_MHz_BT TVCXO
AFC_PNM
RF_I RF_IX
RF_Q RF_QX
Basebend
base bandradio part
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4.2 Power Supply RF-Part
The voltage regulator for the RF-part is located inside the ASIC D361.(see chapter 5.2).It generates the required 2,8V “RF-Voltages” named VCC2_8 and VCC_SYN . The voltage regulator is activated as well as deactivated via SLEEPQ(VCC2_8)
(Miscellaneous R6) provided by the EGOLD+. The temporary deactivation is used to extend the stand by
time.
Circuit diagram
(TDMA-Timer H16) and VCXOEN_UC(VCC_SYN)
VCC2_8 VCC_SYN
4.3 Frequency generation
4.3.1 Synthesizer: The discrete VCXO (26MHz)
The CF62/62R,63 mobile is using a reference frequency of 26MHz. The generation of the 26MHz signal is done via a VCXO. This oscillator consists mainly of:
A 26MHz VCXO Z3961 A capacity diode V3961
TP (test point) of the 26MHz signal is the TP 3920
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The oscillator output signal 26MHz_RF is directly connected to the BRIGHT IC (pin 35) to be used as reference frequency inside the Bright (PLL). The signal leaves the Bright IC as BB_SIN26M (pin
31) to be further used from the EGOLD+ (D171
(functional T3)).
Bright VE
VCXO Out
EGOLD In
To compensate frequency drifts (e.g. caused by temperature) the oscillator frequency is controlled by a (AFC) signal, generated through the internal EGOLD+ (D100 diode V3961. Reference for the “EGOLD-PLL” is the base station frequency received via the Frequency Correction Burst. To compensate a temperature caused frequency drift, the temperature­depending resistor R3967 is placed near the VCXO to measure the temperature. The measurement result TVCXO is reported to the EGOLD+
(Analog Interface P3) via R138 as the signal TENV.
The required voltage VCC_SYN is provided by the ASCI D361
Waveform of the AFC_PNM signal from EGOLD+ to Oscillator
Signalform
EGOLD+
1 2 3
(functional U5)) PLL via the capacity
1
AFC
R158
30K 22K
C165
GND
Service Repair Documentation Level 2.5e - CF62, CF62R, CF63
AFC_PNM
100N
Page
2
R954
47K
9 of 49
C956
GND
100N
R953
C955
3
10N
GND
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4.3.2 Synthesizer: RFVCO(LO1)
The first local oscillator (LO1) consists of a PLL and VCO inside Bright (N3921) and an external loop filter The first local oscillator is needed to generate frequencies which enable the transceiver IC to demodulate the receiver signal and to perform the channel selection in the TX part. To do so, a control voltage for the LO1 is used, gained by a comparator. This control voltage is a result of the comparison of the divided LO1 and the 26MHz reference Signal. The division ratio of the dividers is programmed by the EGOLD+, according to the network channel requirements.
RF VCO
OUT
3476 - 3980
external
Loopfilter
Bright V
MHz
RF PLL
CP
+
PFD
D
1
R
1
3 wire bus
from EGOLD
26MHz
Matrix to calculate the TX and RX frequencies CF62:
Band RX / TX Channels RF frequencies LO1 frequency IF freq.
EGSM 900 Receive: 0..124 935,0 - 959,8 MHz LO1 = 4*RF EGSM 900 Transmit: 0..124 890,0 - 914,8 MHz LO1 = 4*(RF+IF) 80,0 MHz
EGSM 900 Receive: 975..1023 925,2 - 934,8 MHz LO1 = 4*RF EGSM 900 Transmit: 975..1023 880,2 - 889,8 MHz LO1 = 4*(RF+IF) 82,0 MHz GSM 1800 Receive: 512..661 1805,2 - 1835,0 MHz LO1 = 2*RF GSM 1800 Transmit: 512..661 1710,2 - 1740,0 MHz LO1 = 2*(RF+IF) 80,0 MHz
GSM 1800 Receive: 661..885 1835,0 - 1879,8 MHz LO1 = 2*RF GSM 1800 Transmit: 661..885 1740,0 - 1784,8 MHz LO1 = 2*(RF+IF) 82,0 MHz
GSM 1900 Receive: 512..810 1930,2 - 1989,8 MHz LO1 = 2*RF GSM 1900 Transmit: 512..810 1850,2 - 1909,8 MHz LO1 = 2*(RF+IF) 80,0 MHz
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Matrix to calculate the TX and RX frequencies CF63:
Band RX / TX Channels RF frequencies LO1 frequency IF freq.
GSM 850 Receive: 128..251 869,2 - 893,8 MHz LO1 = 4*RF GSM 850 Transmit: 128..251 824,2 - 848,8 MHz LO1 = 4*(RF+IF) 80,0 MHz
GSM 1900 Receive: 512..810 1930,2 - 1989,8 MHz LO1 = 2*RF GSM 1900 Transmit: 512..810 1850,2 - 1909,8 MHz LO1 = 2*(RF+IF) 80,0 MHz
The required voltage VCC_SYN is provided by the ASIC D361.
4.3.3 Synthesizer: IFVCO(LO2)
The second local oscillator (LO2) consists of a PLL and a VCO which are integrated in Bright and a second order loopfilter which is realized external (R3927; C3940; C3948). Due to the direct conversion receiver architecture, the LO2 is only used for transmit-operation. The LO2 covers a frequency range of at least 16 MHz (640MHz – 656MHz). Before the LO2-signal gets to the modulator it is divided by 8. So the resulting TX-IF frequencies are 80/82 MHz (dependent on the channel and band). The LO2 PLL and power­up of the VCO is controlled via the tree-wire-bus of Bright (EGOLD+ signals RFDATA;
RFCLK; RFSTR). To ensure the frequency stability, the 640MHz VCO signal is com pared
by the phase detector of the 2 signal passes the external loop filter and is used to control the 640/656MHz VCO.
The required voltage VCC_SYN is provided by the ASIC D361
nd
PLL with the 26Mhz reference signal. The resulting control
640 - 656 MHz
external
Loopfilter
Bright V
Service Repair Documentation Level 2.5e - CF62, CF62R, CF63
IF PLL
Page
CP
+
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PFD
D
1
R
1
26MHz
IF VCO
OUT
3 wire bus
from EGOLD
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4.3.4 Synthesizer: PLL
The frequency-step is 400 kHz in GSM1800/GSM1900 mode and 800kHz in GSM850/EGSM900 mode due to the internal divider by two for GSM1800/GSM19000 and divider by four for GSM850/EGSM900. To achieve the required settling-time in GPRS operation, the PLL can operate in fastlock-mode a certain period after programming to ensure a fast settling. After this the loopfilter and currents are switched into normal-mode to get the necessary phasenoise-performance. The PLL is controlled via the tree-wire-bus of Bright.
4.4 Antenna switch (electrical/mechanical)
Internal/External <> Receiver/Transmitter The CF62/CF62R/CF63 mobile have two antenna switches. a) The mechanical antenna switch for the differentiation between the internal and
external antenna, which is used only RF adjustment.
b) The electrical antenna switch, for the differentiation between the receiving and
transmitting signals. To activate the correct settings of this diplexer, the EGOLD+ signals RF_SW and
TXON_GSM are required
CF62/CF62R, CF63 have an integrated “SAR detection” circuit. This circuit is used to decide if the internal antenna or an external antenna is used. The goal is, to reduce the transmit power when the internal antenna is used and the mobile is held very close to the body. On the other hand, the mobile can send with more power, if the external antenna is used. This distinction is done by the SAR detection circuit which consists of the voltage divider R872 and R873. The ANT_DET output provides a high level when the external antenna is used. ANT_DET
ntenna
to / from FEM
(Serial Interface L16) is connected to the EGOLD+
External Antenna (only for RF adjustment)
Internal antenna
to EGOLD
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The electrical antenna switch CF62/CF62R
from PA
to Bright
The electrical antenna switch CF63
.
from PA
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to Bright
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N3901:
CF62,CF62R, CF63 Top View
CF62/CF62R Switching Matrix CF63 Switching Matrix
CF62/CF62R Pin assignment CF63 Pin assignment
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4.5 Receiver
Receiver: Filter to Demodulator
The band filters are located inside the frontend module (N3901). The filters are centred to the band frequencies. The symmetrical filter output is matched to the LNA input of the Bright (N3921).The Bright VE incorporates three RF LNAs for GSM850/EGSM900, GSM1800 and GSM1900 operation. The LNA/mixer can be switched in High- and Low-mode to perform an amplification of ~ 20dB. For the “High Gain“ state the mixers are optimised to conversion gain and noise figure, in the “Low Gain“ state the mixers are optimised to large-signal behavior for operation at a high input level. The Bright performs a direct conversion mixers which are IQ-demodulators. For the demodulation of the received GSM signals the LO1 is required. The channel depending LO1 frequencies for 1800MHz/1900MHz bands are divided by 2 and by 4 for 850MHG/900MHz band. Furthermore the IC includes a programmable gain baseband amplifier PGA (90 dB range, 2dB steps) with automatic DC­offset calibration. LNA and PGA are controlled via EGOLD+ signals RFDATA; RFCLK;
RFSTR
baseband filter for both IQ chains. Only two capacitors which are part of the first passive RC-filters are external. The second and third filters are active filters and are fully integrated. The IQ receive signals are fed into the A/D converters in the EGAIM part of EGOLD+. The post-switched logic measures the level of the demodulated baseband signal and regulates the level to a defined value by varying the PGA amplification and switching the appropriate LNA gains.
From the antenna switch, up to the demodulator the received signal passes the following blocks to get the demodulated baseband signals for the EGOLD+:
Filter
N3901 Bright(N3921)
The required voltage VCC_SYN is provided by the ASIC D361
(RF Control J15, J16, J17). The channel-filtering is realized inside the chip with a three stage
LNA
Demodulator
PGC
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4.6 Transmitter
4.6.1 Transmitter: Modulator and Up-conversion Loop

Transmitter

Up conversion loop The generation of the GMSK-modulated signal in Bright (N3921) is based on the principle of
up conversion modulation phase locked loop. The incoming IQ-signals from the baseband are mixed with the divided LO2-signal. The modulator is followed by a lowpass filter (corner frequency ~80 MHz) which is necessary to attenuate RF harmonics generated by the modulator. A similar filter is used in the feedback-path of the down conversion mixer. With help of an offset PLL the IF-signal becomes the modulated signal at the final transmit frequency. Therefore the GMSK modulated rf-signal at the output of the TX-VCOs is mixed with the divided LO1-signal to a IF-signal and sent to the phase detector. The I/Q modulated signal with a center frequency of the intermediate frequency is send to the phase detector as well. The output signal of the phase detector controls the TxVCO and is processed by a loop filter whose components are external to the Bright. The TxVCO which is realized inside the Bright chip generates the GSMK modulated frequency.
Modulator
Bright(N3921) R3925/C3933/C3943
The required voltage VCC_SYN is provided by the ASIC D361
Filter
PD
Filter
TxVCO
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4.7 Bright IC Overview
BRIGHT VE IC Overview
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IC Top View
IC Pin assignment
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4.7.1 Transmitter: Power Amplifier
The output signals (PCN_PA_IN , and GSM_PA_IN) from the TxVCO are led to the power amplifier. The power amplifier is a PA-module N901 from Hitachi. It contains two separate 3­stage amplifier chains GSM850/EGSM900 and GSM1800 / GSM1900 operation. It is possible to control the output-power of both bands via one VAPC-port. The appropriate amplifier chain is activated by a logic signal VBAND the Egold+. To ensure that the output power and burst-timing fulfills the GSM-specification, an internal power control circuitry is use. The power detect circuit consists of a sensing transistor which operates at the same current as the third rf-transitor. The current is a measure of the output power of the PA. This signal is square-root converted and converted into a voltage by means of a simple resistor. It is then compared with the PA_RAMP The N901 is activated through the signal TXONPA
The required voltage BATT+ is provided by the battery. Circuit diagram
from TxVCO
Top View Block Diagram
(RF Control J15, J16, J17) which is provided by
(Analog Interface J2) signal.
(GSM TDMA-Timer F14).
to antenna connector
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5 Logic / Control
5.1 Logic Block Diagram CF62, CF62R, CF63
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5.2 EGOLD+ V3.1
The EGOLD+ contains a 16-bit micro-controller (µC part), a GSM analog Interface (EGAIM), a DSP computing core (DSP part) and an interface for application-specific switch-functions.
The µC part consists of the following:
Micro-controller
System interfaces for internal and external peripheries
On-chip peripheries and memory
The Controller Firmware carries out the following functions:
Control of the Man Machine Interface (keypad, LCD, sensing element, control of the
illumination,...)
GSM Layer 1,2,3 /GPRS
Control of radio part (synthesizer, AGC, AFC, Transmitter, Receiver...),
Control of base band processing (EGAIM)
Central operating system functions (general functions, chip select logic, HW driver,
control of mobile phones and accessories...).
The EGAIM part contains the interface between the digital and the analogue signal processing:
2 Sigma Delta A/D converters for RX signal, and for the necessary signals for the charge
control and temperature measurement. For this, the converter inputs are switched over to the various signals via the multiplexer.
2 D/A converters for the GMSK-modulated TX signal,
1 D/A converter for the Power Ramping Signal,
1 Sigma Delta A/D and D/A converter for the linguistic signal.
Measurement of Battery and Ambient Temperature
The battery temperature is measured via the voltage divider R1387, R138 by the EGOLD+
(Analog Interface P2). For this, the integrated Σ∆ converter of the RX-I base band branch is used.
This Σ∆ converter compares the voltage of TBAT and TENV internally. Through an analogue multiplexer, either the RX-I base band signal, or the TBAT signal and the TENV signal is switched to the input of the converter. The signal MEAS_ON from the EGOLD+
TDMA-TIMER H15)
measured directly at of the EGOLD
activates the battery voltage measurement The ambient temperature TENV is
+(Analog Interface P3).
(GSM
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Measurement of the Battery Voltage
The measurement of the battery voltage is done in the Q-branch of the EGOLD+, for this
BATT+ is connected via a voltage divider R143, R146 to the EGOLD+
analogue multiplexer does the switching between the baseband signal processing and the voltage measurement.
A/D conversion of MIC-Path signals incl. coding
The Microphone signals (MICN2, MIP2, MICP1, MICN1) arrive at the voiceband part of the EGOLG+. For further operations the signals will be converted into digital information, filtered, coded and finally formed into the GMSK-Signal by the internal GMSK-Modulator. This so generated signals (RF_I, RF_IX, RF_Q, RF_QX) are given to the Bright IC in the transmitter path.
D/A conversion of EP-Path signals incl. decoding
Arriving at the baseband-Part the demodulated signals (RF_I, RF_IX, RF_Q, RF_QX) will be filtered and A/D converted. In the voiceband part after decoding (with help of the µC part) and filtering the signals will be D/A converted amplified and given as (EPP1_FIL,
EPN1_FIL) to the Power Supply ASIC.
Generation of the PA Control Signal (PA_RAMP) The RF output power amplifier needs an analogue ramp up/down control voltage. For this
the system interface on EGOLD+ generates 2
15
digital values which have to be transferred serially to the power ramping path. After loading into an 10 bit latch the control value will be converted into the corresponding analogue voltage with a maximum of ~2V
(Analog Interface P1). An
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The DSP part contains:
DSP signal processor
Separate program/data memory
a hardware block for processing the RX signal,
a hardware block for “ciphers“,
a hardware block for processing the linguistic signal,
a hardware block for the “GMSK modulator“,
De-/ interleaving memory,
Communication memory
a PLL for processing and reproducing the VCXO pulse signal.
In the DSP Firmware are implemented the following functions:
scanning of channels, i.e., measurement of the field strengths of neighbouring base
stations
detection and evaluation of Frequency Correction Bursts
equalisation of Normal Bursts and Synchronisation Bursts
channel encoding and soft-decision decoding for fullrate, enhanced-fullrate and
adaptive multirate speech, fullrate and halfrate data and control channels.
channel encoding for GPRS coding
fullrate, enhanced fullrate and adaptive multirate speech encoding and decoding
mandatory sub-functions like
– discontinuous transmission, DTX – voice activity detection – background noise calculation
generation of tone and side tone
hands-free functions
support for voice memo
support for voice dialling
loop-back to GSM functions
GSM Transparent Data Services and Transparent Fax
calculation of the Frame Check Sequence for a RLP frame used for GSM
NonTransparent Data Services
support of the GSM ciphering algorithm
Real Time Clock (integrated in the EGOLD+): The real time clock is powered via a separate voltage regulator inside the Power Supply ASIC. Via a capacitor, data are kept in the internal RAM during a battery change for at least 30 seconds. An alarm function is also integrated with which it is possible to switch the phone on and off.
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5.2.1 SRAM
Memory for volatile data Memory Size: 16 Mbit Data Bus: 16Bit
5.2.2 FLASH
Memory Size: 128 Mbit (16 Mbyte) Data Bus: 16 Bit
5.2.3 SIM
SIM cards with supply voltages of 1.8V and 3V are supported. 1.8V cards are supplied with 3V.
5.2.4 Vibration Motor
The vibration motor is mounted in the part of the lift case. The control circuit, connected via board to board connector, is "high-side switch", it is only one signal(VDD_VIBRA) to control the vibration motor.
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6 Power Supply
6.1 Power Supply ASIC
The power supply ASIC will contain the following functions:
Powerdown-Mode
Sleep Mode
Trickle Charge Mode
Power on Reset
Digital state machine to control switch on and supervise the µC with a watchdog
Voltage regulator
Low power voltage regulator
Additional output ports
Voltage supervision
Temperature supervision with external and internal sensor
Battery charge control
I2C interface
Audio multiplexer
Audio amplifier stereo/mono
16 bit Sigma/Delta DAC with Clock recovery and I2S
Bandgap reference*
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Power Supply Diagram
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6.1.1 Power Supply Operating modes:
The ASIC can be used in different operating modes:
Mode
Pin Requirements
Description
Power down mode with minimum activity
Start Up Mode ON_OFF
Full operating mode
Active Mode (submode of Full operating mode)
Sleep Mode with special low current operating mode for the LDOs (submode of Full operating mode)
ON/OFF ON/OFF2 VDD_CHARGE
ON_OFF2
VDD_CHARGE CHARGE_UC
In this mode, the µC(EGOLD+) controls the charging block and
SLEEP1_N TC_ON CHARGE_uC
In power down mode the current consumption of the ASIC is very low. The inputs for switch on conditions (ON/OFF-PinH2,
ON/OFF2-PinJ3 ,VDD_CHARGE-PinC3), the LPREG, Bandgap
reference and the POR cells are active. All other blocks are switched off, so the battery is not discharged. This state is called “phone off. Start Up Mode can be initiated by ON_OFF(PinH2) or
ON_OFF2(PinC3). In this mode a sequential start-up of
references, oscillator, voltage supervision and regulators is controlled by digital part. In failure case (under voltage, over voltage or time out of the µC reaction)., the ASIC is shut down. All blocks are active. Trickle charge is switched off. The blocks fast charge and charge monitor can be active only in this mode. These modes will be activated with VDD_CHARGE(PinC3) or
CHARGE_UC(PinH4). The name of this mode is “phone on” or
“active mode”. The border between the startup phase and the active mode is the rising edge of the RESET2_N (PinG1) signal. This will allow the µC(EGOLD+) to start working.
most of the failure cases. The ASIC can be controlled by the TWI interface (I2CC-PinJ2, I2CD-PinG3, I2CI-PinE2), interrupts can be sent by the ASIC. Further, the temperature and the voltages are supervised (in case of failure, the uC will be informed). In case of watchdog failure, over voltage or power on reset, the
ASIC will be switched off immediately. The mono and stereo
audio block can be switched on in active mode. A low level at the signal VCOEN_UC (PinH1) will switch the phone from the mode “PHONE ON” to sleep mode. This mode can be activated out of the active mode. In sleep mode trickle charge, fast charge, supply over voltage detection, supply under voltage detection, audio function are switched off. LDO under voltage detection, clock and all reference voltages are active. LDOs are working in low current mode. The possibility to supply the ASIC from VDD_CHARGE (Pi nC3) with the internal LDO is switched off. Only the battery can be used for supply. This mode is called “phone stand-by”.
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Pin Requirements
Description
Trickle charge mode to be able to support charging of the battery
VDD_CHARGE EXT_PWR
In case of a rising edge at VDD_CHARGE (PinC3) the ASIC goes from power down to interim mode. In this mode, the oscillator and the reference are started. The fuses are read in. If the voltage is high enough (after a delay time of 1 ms to filter a ringing), the internal signal EXT_PWR is going to H and the power up continues. The ASIC shuts off if the voltage is below threshold. In Trickle Charge Mode, first the charge unit starts and charges the battery in case of under voltage. After reaching this threshold voltage or if the battery has enough voltage from the beginning, a start up similar to the regular startup mode is initiated. In case of voltage drop under battery threshold, the first trickle charging can be started again until the Active Mode is entered. In this case, the internal VDDREF regulator, the reference generator and oscillator are started and the ASIC is supplied by VDDREF. If any failure is detected, the ASIC is switched off.
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6.1.2 Power Supply Functions:
Functions
Switching on the mobile phone
Watchdog monitoring
Power-On-Reset (POR)
Pin Requirements
ON_OFF, ON_OFF2, VDD_CHARGE
WDOG As soon as the first WDOG (PinH3) pin rising is detected during
RESET_N RESET2_N
Sequence
There are 3 different possibilities to switch on the phone by external pins:
- VDD_CHARGE (PinC3) with rising edge after POR or high level at end of POR signal
- ON/OFF (PinH2) with falling edge
- ON/OFF2 (PinJ3) with rising edge
In order to guarantee a defined start-up behavior of the external components, a sequential power up is used and the correct start up of these blocks is supervised. In active mode, a continuous signal at watchdog is needed to keep the system running. If the signals fails, the ASIC will switch to power down mode. It must be guaranteed that each start-up condition does not interfere and block the other possible startup signals. In case of failure during start-up, the device will go back to power down mode. To guarantee that VDDCHARGE (PinC3) is always sensed we must be able to detect whether the VDDCHARGE (PinC3) will have a rising edge during POR (this can happen in case of an empty battery). Therefore this signal is sensed as level sensitive at the end of POR and edge sensitive after POR signal.
the TE4 timer, the device start the watchdog monitoring procedure. Standard switch off of the phone is the watchdog. The first edge of watchdog is rising. If a falling edge is detected as the first transient the device will go to power down mode again and the whole phone is switched off. Rising and falling edges must be detected alternated. With any edge on WDOG (PinH3) pin a counter will be loaded. The next - compared to the previous edge - inverted edge must occur between end of T1, and end of T2. If the signal occurs before end of T1 or is not detected until end of T2, the device will go to power down mode immediately after the violation of the watchdog criteria occurs. T1 min. 0,327s/ typ. 0,360s/ max. 0,400s T2 min. 2,600s/ typ. 2,860s/ max. 3,178s To guarantee a correct start-up of the ASIC, a power on reset is needed at first power supply ramping. Therefore a static/dynamic power on reset circuit is added, which creates a reset each time the power supply is connected. After POR the ASIC starts up the reference and the oscillator, read in the fuse content and goes back to power down mode. If the power supply will drop under the POR threshold a synchronous reset is done and the ASIC will go to power down mode independently of the previous operating mode.
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Functions
Voltage Supply Logics
Voltage Supply Logics
Voltage Supply Logics
Voltage Supply RF
Pin Requirements
REG1 (2.9V)
REG2 (1,92V)
REG3 (2.65V)
VREGRF1, RF_EN, RESET_N
Sequence
The linear controller is designed for 2.9V(±2%) and a maximum load current of 140 mA. Voltage and current for the external Logic is supplied from the internal 2.9V logic regulator. The operating voltage VREG1 is kept constant up to the maximum rated load current. A reference voltage for the regulator circuit is generated from a bandgap reference
The linear controller is designed for 1.82V(±3%) and a maximum load current of 300 mA. The REG2 supplies the Baseband Processor. For a high power application, the power has to be dissipated outside of the chip. This is done with a series diode at the input of REG2, which will force the regulator to a lower input voltage and therefore lower power dissipation.
The linear controller is designed for 2.65V(±3%) and a maximum load current of 220 mA. It will consist basically of an internal operation amplifier, an integrated p-channel output transistor as well as a capacitor (C =
2.2µF) for stabilizing the voltage. The required reference voltage
for the regulating circuit will be generated internally via a bandgap. The negative feedback of the regulating circuit shall be done via chip-internal resistances. The linear controller is designed for 2.85V(min. 2.79V, max.
2.91V) and a maximum load current of 120 mA.
Voltage and current for RF-VCO and Transceiver is supplied from the internal 2.85V LDO. The operating voltage RF12LDO is kept constant up to the maximum rated load current. A reference voltage for the regulator circuit is generated from a bandgap reference. A low noise must be guaranteed. RF1LDO is controlled by RF_EN. If it is set to high, the regulator is enabled. The control method can be modified by TWI interface between external and internal control mode. If internal control mode is set, RF1LDO can only be enabled by TWI bit. In external mode, RF1LDO can only be enabled by RF_EN. RF1LDO is released with rising edge of RESET_N signal.
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Functions
Voltage Supply RF
Voltage Supply Audio
Voltage Supply RTC
Voltage Supply SIM
Pin Requirements
VREGRF2, SLEEP1_N, SLEEP2_N, POWER_ON
VREGA The linear controller is designed for 2.9V(min. 2.84V, max.
VLPREG The linear controller is designed for 2.00V(min. 1.9V, max. 2.1V)
VREGSIM The linear controller is designed for 2.9V(min. 2.84V, max.
Sequence
The linear controller is designed for 2.85V(min. 2.79V, max.
2.91V) and a maximum load current of 180 mA.
Voltage and current for RF-VCO and Transceiver is supplied from the internal 2.85V LDO. The operating voltage RF2LDO is kept constant up to the maximum rated load current. A reference voltage for the regulator circuit is generated from a bandgap reference. A low noise must be guaranteed. RF2LDO is controlled by VCXO_EN (PinH1). If it is set to high, the regulator is enabled. The control method can be modified by TWI interface between external and internal control mode. If internal control mode is set, RF2LDO can only be enabled by TWI bit. In external mode, RF2LDO can only be enabled by
VCXO_EN (PinH1).
RF2LDO is released with rising edge of POWER_ON signal.
2.96V) and a maximum load current of 190 mA.
BATT+ (PinA9) is used for the whole stereo analog supply. The
DAC digital VDDDAC (PinC6), Low Noise Bandgap, Mono- and Stereoamplifier supplies are connected to VREGA (PinB9). The AUDIO performances are guaranteed only, if the VREGA supplies all the stereo path.
VREGA is controlled with TWI registers directly by the µC.
and a maximum load current of 1 mA. The output voltage can be adjusted to four different values with TWI register by the µC. The selectable values are 2.00(default),
1.82, 1.92 and 2.07V. LP-LDO is always working and will switch
of only with POR signal.
2.96V) and a maximum load current of 60 mA. The output
voltage can be adjusted to a different value with TWI register by the µC to 1.8V(min. 1.76V, max. 1.84V). This regulator can be activated by TWI register , but only in active mode. If the regulator is in power down, the output is pulled down by a transistor to avoid electrostatic charging of
VREGSIM (PinB8)
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Functions
Charge Support CHARGE_UC,
Voltage supervision Supervision of REG1 and REG2
Powersupply supervision
VDDA supervision
Battery temperature supervision
Pin Requirements
CHARGE, VDDCHARGE, AVDD, SENSE_IN, TBAT
The levels of regulator REG1 and REG2 and also the supply REG1
REG2
VDD If the battery voltage BATT+ exceeds VDD high, everything is
VDDA To provide a short circuit protection at output of VDDA (PinA9)
Charging is stopped, when over temperature occurs. Within
Sequence
A charge support will be integrated for controlling the battery charge function. It consists basically of a temperature sensor, an external charge FET, an integrated High-side driver for the external FET with an external resistor between the source and the gate of the charge FET. In the case of a rising edge at the CHARGE_UC(PinH4) the power source will be switched on. In this way the charge FET becomes conducting, provided that the integrated temperature comparator does not give the signal for extreme temperature and that no over voltage is present at the VDD. In the case of falling slope at the CHARGE_UC(PinH4), the current source is switched off and the pull-up resistor will make sure that the charge FET is blocked after a definite time. Temperature switchoff becomes effective at approx. T>60°C.
voltage BATT+ are supervised with comparators. In active mode the regulators are supervised permanently. If the voltage is under the threshold, the pin RESET_N2 (PinG1) stay Low and the ASIC goes back to the power down mode. If the voltage is longer than Tmin under threshold voltage, the
RESET_N2 (PinG1) is going to Low (Missing Watchdog signal ->
phone switched off). The level of regulator REG1 and REG2 will be supervised permanently. If the voltage doesn’t reach the threshold value at switch on, the RESET_N2 (PinG1) will stay low and the ASIC will go back to power down mode. The voltages are sensed continuously and digitally filtered with a time constant Tmin. If the regulator voltage is under threshold longer than Tmin, the RESET_N2 (PinG1) signal change to low and the µC will go to RESET condition (Missing Watchdog signal -> phone switched off).
switched off immediately within 1µs. Only the pull-up circuitry for the external charge PMOS are active and will discharge the gate of the external PMOS
and output of stereo buffer a voltage supervision is implemented. If the VDDA output is less then this threshold, the VDDA will be switched off for 128ms. After this time the VDDA will be started again. The VDDA supervision starts 60ms after startup of VDDA.
128ms, 3 values are measured. When these 3 values are identical status can be changed. The supervision is active in fast charge or trickle charge mode. Voltage on pin TBAT (PinB3) becomes smaller when temperature increases. If Vbat < (Vref_exe - Vhyst) charging is disabled. Only when Vtbatt > Vref_exe charging is enabled again.
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Functions
Device temperature supervision
Analog switch Outport
TWI Interface TWI_CLK,
Audio mode functions
Audio Mono Mode
Pin Requirements
To protect the ASIC, the temperature is supervised. The
The level can be defined by the bit out_port_high of the TWI
TWI_DATA, TWI_INT
Four audio amplifiers are integrated to support these modes:
VREGA MONO1 MONO2 VREFEX_M
Sequence
temperature is polled every 128ms and is filtered as in battery temperature supervision. If over temperature is detected, a bit in the STATUS register is set and an interrupt is generated. Monitoring is started only in active mode.
register. The high level can be derived of VREG2 or VREG3. Additional a pull down transistor is connected to this node. The TWI interface (I2CC-PinJ2, I2CD-PinG3, I2CI-PinE2) is an I2C compatible 2-wire interface with an additional interrupt pin to inform the µC about special conditions. The interface can handle clock rates up to 400 kHz.
1. Supply the speaker in the phone with audio signals including the possibility of handsfree switch on and off. This is the AUDIO MONO MODE.
2. Supply the s peaker in the phone with ringing signal (RINGER MODE)
3. Transfer a key click, generated in digital part to the speaker. (KEY-CLICK FUNCTION)
4. Supply of stereo head set with stereo signal with short circuit protection. This is called the AUDIO STEREO MODE. These different modes with gain and multiplexing can be controlled via TWI. Also the output can be switched to TRI-STATE via TWI interface.
This mode is the main function of the amplifier. The two amplifiers are used as differential mono amplifier to drive the speaker in the phone as external load. This differential approach allows delivering an optimum of power to the speaker also in low voltage mode. Both amplifier paths are inverting amplifiers with external AC coupling at the input to compensate offset failures. The gain can be adjusted with the TWI interface. The output stage of the amplifiers must be able to drive a low impedance load as an external speaker for the handsfree application. General parameters: Gain can be adjusted for each channel separately in steps of 1.5dB in the range of 21dB to –54 dB and in steps of 3 dB in the range of –54dB to –75dB. The signals for the amplifier are connected via an audio multiplexer with 3 pairs of input signals.
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Functions
Ringer function RINGIN In ringer mode the ringing signal is transferred via the amplifier to
Key click function
Audio Multiplex Matrix
I2S Interface CLO,
Audio DAC
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Pin Requirements
Pushing a key of the phone can be combined with a key click.
AUDIOA1 AUDIOA2 AUDIOB1 AUDIOB2 AUDIOC1 AUDIOC2
WAO, DAO
VDDDAC For digital to analog conversion a 16-bit sigma delta converter is
Sequence
the speaker to eliminate the additional buzzer. The speaker is controlled with a rectangular signal RINGIN (PinG9). Input signal is digital signal with variable frequency. Amplitude is adjusted by TWI register. For start-up a smaller time constant must be used to allow a fast switch on behavior. Ringing function can be started at any time. If the audio is off, the start-up is done with RINGER time constant. If audio is starting with AUDIO start-up, the time constant is switched to RINGER mode, too. If the audio amplifier is already up and running, the RINGIN (PinG9) is connected to the amplifier and audio signal is muted due to open multiplexer.
This function is also realized with the audio amplifier in pulsed mode. The ASIC creates a digital PWM signal. Frequency of the PWM signal is 3.5 kHz. The start-up is similar to the ringer function. If the audio is off, the start-up is done with KEYCLICK time constant. If audio is starting with AUDIO start-up, the time constant is switched to KEYCLICK mode, too. If the audio amplifier is already up and running, the KEYCLICK is connected to the amplifier and audio signal is muted due to open multiplexer. Each of the three input sources should be switched to Mono and Stereo outputs. Furthermore a conversion can be done. Following sources:
- Mono differential
- Mono Single Ended (both channels parallel)
- Stereo
The DAC can be switched off for using the analog external inputs. This principle will allow to do each combination and have different modes for stereo and mono in parallel. The I2S Interface is a three-wire connection that handles two time multiplexed data channels. The three lines are the clock (CLO), the serial data line (DAO) and the word select line (WAO). The master I2S also generates the appropriate clock frequency for CLO set to 32 times the sampling rate (FS)
used. Digital input signal is delivered with an I2S interface. The I2S interface should be 16-bit format. To be able to work with all possible operating modes, the sampling frequency can vary from 8kHz to 48kHz. The performance of the audio output signal must be guaranteed over the full range the human ear is able to hear. This means for FS=8kHz the noise at frequencies higher than FS/2 must be suppressed. This is done by DSP and a single ended 2 varied accordingly to the sampling frequency. Therefore a clock recovery based on CLO signal of the I2S can be implemented. This clock recovery must smooth any jitter of this clock to reduce the noise of the DAC.
nd
order Low Pass filter. The clock for the I2S will be
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Functions
PLL VDDPLL
Audio Stereo Mode
Pin Requirements
PLLOUT VDDSTEREO
STEREO1 STEREO2 STEREOM
Sequence
The PLL will have three frequency modes to produce a 32xCLO clock for the DSP and the DAC. The loop filter is realized with an external RC circuit. This PLL also contains a lock detector circuit. For stereo mode 2 single ended buffers are used. These buffers will be supplied by the additional regulator with 2.9 Volt to be more stable against the GSM ripple on the battery voltage. Also reference voltage for the buffers is generated by a high precision, low noise bandgap reference for better performance. An external capacitor is needed to filter this reference additionally. The gain steps for the programmable gain amplifier is identical with the mono amplifier. No keyclick and ringer needed for the stereo part. Gain can be controlled with the TWI. The connected speaker has an impedance of typical 16 Ohm. To guarantee an ANTI-POP noise a digital startup is implemented. This will allow a soft start of the VMID and creates a “clean” audio band during the startup. For eliminating external coupling capacitors for the speaker, an additional amplifier creates virtual ground (for both speakers). Accordingly to this, the max current of the virtual ground has to be the double of the normal output amplifier. Due to the power amplifier offset a DC current appear in the headset. Gain can be adjusted for each channel separately in steps of
1.5dB in the range of 21dB to –54 dB and in steps of 3 dB in the
range of –54dB to –75dB
6.2 Battery
As a standard battery a LiIon battery with a nominal capacity of 3,7 Volt/600mAh is used for CF62/CF62R, 3,7Volt/750mAh is used for CF63.
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6.3 Charging Concept
Charging current Charging control signal
6.3.1.1 Charging Concept
General
The battery is charged in the unit itself. The hardware and software is designed for LiIon with 4.2V technology. Charging is started as soon as the phone is connected to an external charger. If the phone is not switched on, then charging takes place in the background (the customer can see this via the “Charge” symbol in the display). During normal use the phone is being charged (restrictions: see below). Charging is enabled via a PMOS switch in the phone. This PMOS switch closes the circuit for the external charger to the battery. The EGOLD+ takes over the control of this switch depending on the charge level of the battery, whereby a disable function in the POWER
SUPPLY ASIC hardware can override/interrupt the charging in the case of over voltage of
the battery (only for Manganese Chemistry Battery types e.g. NEC). With the new slim Lumberg IO connector we lose the charger recognition via SB line. Now we measure the charge current inside the POWER SUPPLY ASIC with a current monitor. The charging software is able to charge the battery with an input current within the range of 350-600mA. If the Charge-Fet is switched off, then no charging current will flow into the battery (exception is trickle charging, see below). For controlling the charging process it is necessary to measure the ambient (phone) temperature and the battery voltage. The temperature sensor will be an NTC resistor with a nominal resistance of 22k at 25°C. The determination of the temperature is achieved via a voltage measurement on a voltage divider in which one component is the NTC. The NTC for the ambient temperature will be on the PCB (26 MHz part).
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Measurement of Battery, Battery Type and Ambient Temperature
The voltage equivalent of the temperature and battery code on the voltage separator will be calculated as the difference against a reference voltage of the EGOLD. For this, the integrated Σ∆ conv erter in the EGOLD of the RX-I base band branch will be used. Via an analogue multiplexer, either the RX-I base band signal, the battery code voltage or the ambient temperature voltage can be switched over to the input of the converter. The 1-Bit data stream of the converter will be subjected to a data reduction via the DSP circuit so that the measured voltage (for battery and ambient temperature) will be available at the end as a 10-bit data word.
Measurement of the Battery Voltage
Analogue to the I-branch either the RX-Q base band signal or the battery voltage can be measured in the Q-branch. Processing in the DSP circuit will be done analogue to the I­branch. The EGOLD will be specified internally at voltage measurement input BATT+ for an input voltage of 3V...4.5V.
Timing of the Battery Voltage Measurement
Unless the battery is charging, the measurement is made in the TX time slot. During charging it will be done after the TX time slot. At the same time, either the battery temperature (in the I-branch) and the battery voltage (in the Q-branch) or the ambient temperature in the I-branch can be measured (the possibility of measurement in the Q­branch, the analogue evaluation of the battery coding, is used for HW-Coding). Other combinations are not possible. For the time of the measurement the multiplexer in the EGAIM must be programmed to the corresponding measurement.
Recognition of the Battery Type
The battery code is a resistor with a resistance depending on the manufacturer.
Charging Characteristic of Lithium-Ion Cells
LiIon batteries are charged with a U/I characteristic, i.e. the charging current is regulated in relation to the battery voltage until a minimal charging current has been achieved. The maximum charging current is approx. 600mA, minimum about 100mA. The battery voltage may not exceed 4.2V ±50mV average. During the charging pulse current the voltage may reach 4.3V. The temperature range in which charging of the phone may be started ranges from 5...40°C, and the temperature at which charging takes place is from 0...45°C. Outside this range no charging takes place, the battery only supplies current.
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Trickle Charging
The POWER SUPPLY ASIC is able to charge the battery at voltages below 3.2V without any support from the charge SW. The current will by measured indirectly via the voltage drop over a shunt resistor and linearly regulated inside the POWER SUPPLY ASIC. The current level during trickle charge for voltages <2.8V is in a range of 20-50mA and in a range of 50-100mA for voltages up to 3.75V. To limit the power dissipation of the dual charge FET the trickle charging is stopped in case the output voltage of the charger exceeds 10 Volt. The maximum trickle time is limited to 1 hour. As soon as the battery voltage reaches 3.2 V the POWER SUPPLY ASIC will switch on the phone automatically and normal charging will be initiated by software (note the restrictions on this item as stated below).
Normal Charging For battery voltages above 3.2 Volt and normal ambient temperature between 5 and 40°C the battery can be charged with a charge current up to 1C*. This charging mode is SW controlled and starts if an accessory (charger) is detected with a supply voltage above 6.4 Volt by the POWER SUPPLY ASIC. The level of charge current is limited/controlled by the accessory or charger.
INFO: * C-rate
The charge and discharge current of a battery is measured in C-rate. Most portable batteries, are discharge with 1C. A discharge of 1C draws a current equal to the battery capacity. For example, a battery value of 1000mAh provides 1000mA for one hour if discharged at 1C. The same battery discharged at 0.5C provides 500mAfor two hours. At 2C, the same battery delivers 2000mA for 30 minutes. 1C is often referred to as a one-hour discharge; a 0.5 would be a two-hour, and a 0.1C a 10 hour discharge.
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Restrictions
A battery which has completely run down can not be re-charged quickly because the battery voltage is less than 3.0V and the logic which implements the charge control cannot be operated at this low voltage level. In this case the battery is recharged via trickle-charging. However, the charging symbol cannot be shown in the display because at this time logic supply voltages are not operating. The charging time for this trickle­charging (until the battery can be fast-charged from then on) is in the range of 1 hour. If, within this time, the battery voltage exceeds 3.2V, then the POWER SUPPLY ASIC switches on the mobile and charging continues in the Charge-Only Mode. In some circumstances it can happen that after trickle-charging and the usually initiated switch-on procedure of the mobile, the supply voltage collapses so much that the mobile phone switches off again. In this case trickle charging starts again with a now raised threshold voltage of 3.75V instead of 3.2V, at maximum for 20 minutes. The POWER SUPPLY
ASIC will retry switching on the phone up to 3 times (within 60 minutes overall).
Charging the battery will not be fully supported in case of using old accessory (generation ‘45’ or earlier). It is not recommended to use any cables that adapt “old” to “new” Lumberg connector. Using such adapters with Marlin will have at least the following impact:
1) half-sine wave chargers (e.g. P35 & home station) can not be used for trickle charging
2) normal charging might be aborted before the battery is fully charged
3) EMC compliance can not be guaranteed
A phone with a fully charged LiIon battery will not be charged immediately after switch­on. Any input current would cause an increase of the battery voltage above the maximum permissible value. As soon as the battery has been discharged to a level of about 95% (due to current consumption while use), it will be re-charged in normal charging mode.
The phone cannot be operated without a battery.
The phone will be destroyed if the battery is inserted with reversed polarity: design-wise it is impossible to wrongly pole the phone. This is prevented by
mechanical means. electrically, a correctly poled battery is presumed, i.e. correct polarity must be guaranteed by suitable QA measures at the supplier
The mobile phone might be destroyed by connecting an unsuitable charger: a charger voltage >15V can destroy resistances or capacitors a charger voltage >20V can destroy the switch transistor of the charging circuit
In case the transistor fails the ASIC will be destroyed. In the case of voltages lower than 15V and an improper current limitation the battery might be permanently damaged. A protection against grossly negligent use by the customer (e.g. direct connection of the charge contact to the electricity supply in a motor car) is not provided. Customer safety will not be affected by this restriction.
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7 Interfaces
7.1 Board to board connector
7.2 Microphone
XG242
Pin Name IN/OUT Remarks
1 MICP1 O Microphone power supply. The same line carries the low
frequency speech signal.
2 GND_MIC
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7.3 Battery
XG1400
Pin Name Level Remarks
1 GND - Ground 2 AKKU_TYP 0V...2.65V Recognition of
battery/supplier
3 BATT+ 3 V... 4.5V Positive battery pole
7.4 IO Connector with ESD protection
7.4.1 IO Connector – New Slim Lumberg
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Name IN/OUT Notes Pin 1 POWER I/O POWER is needed for charging batteries and for supplying
the accessories. If accessories are supplied by mobile, talk­time and standby-time from telephone are reduced. Therefore it has to be respected on an as low as possible
power consumption in the accessories. 2 GND 3 TX O Serial interface 4 RX I Serial interface 5 DATA/CTS I/O Data-line for accessory-bus
Use as CTS in data operation. 6 RTS I/O Use as RTS in data-operation. 7 CLK/DCD I/O Clock-line for accessory-bus.
Use as DTC in data-operation. 8 AUDIO_L Analog O driving ext. left speaker
With mono-headset Audio_L and Audio_R differential mode 9 GND 10 AUDIO_R Analog O driving ext. right speaker With mono-headset Audio_L and
Audio_R differential Signal 11 GND_MIC Analog I for ext. microphone 12 MICP2 Analog I External microphone
7.4.2 ESD Protection with EMI filter
The Z1500 is a 5-channel filter with over-voltage and ESD Protection array which is designed to provide filtering of undesired RF signals in the 800-4000MHz frequency band Additionally the Z1500 contains diodes to protect downstream components from Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) voltages up to 8 kV.
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Pin configuration of the Z1500
Z1500 Circuit Configuration
7.5 SIM
Pin Name IN/OUT Remarks
3 CCLK O Pulse for chipcard.
The chipcard is controlled directly from the EGOLD+. 2 CCRST O Reset for chipcard
I 7 CCIO O
1 CCVCC - Switchable power supply for chipcard;
Data pin for chipcard;
10 k pull up at the CCVCC pin
220 nF capacitors are situated close to the chipcard pins and are
necessary for buffering current spikes.
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8 Acoustic
The buzzer and the keypad clicks will be realized over the earpiece. At normal buzzer the signaling will realized with swelling tones. The standard sounds will be generated by the EGOLD+, the advanced sounds will be generated via firmware running on the DSP.
8.1 Microphone
8.1.1 Mechanical
The microphone is mounted in the lower housing of the base part. The contact on the PCB is realized via coil springs
8.1.2 Electrical
Both Microphones are directly connected to the EGOLD+.(Analog Interface G2, F1-G3, H2) via the signals MICN1, MICP1 Microphone/Headset). Power supply for the Microphone is VMIC (EGOLD+
(Internal Microphone )and MICN2, MICP2 (External
.(Analog Interface G1))
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8.2 Earpiece/Loudspeaker
8.2.1 Mechanical
This speaker performs the handset function (voice call with mobile placed at the user’s ear, the handsfree function (voice call with mobile 30…50cm away from user’s ear)) and ringing. The speaker is mounted on top of the display in the phones’ lift part giving the opportunity to use it as earpiece as well. To avoid an acoustic shock, the sound pressure of the ringing function will be ramped, when the phone is open. In case the phone is closed during an incoming call, there’s no risk of an acoustic shock for the user, thus the melody can be started with maximum volume just from the beginning.
8.2.2 Electrical
The internal and external Loudspeaker (Earpiece) is connected to the voiceband part of the
EGOLD+
EPP1_FIL. Output for external loudspeaker AUDIO_L - AUDIO_R, for internal Loudspeaker EPP! – EPN1. The ringing tones are generated with the loudspeaker too. To activate the
ringer, the signal RINGIN from the EGOLD+
(Analog Interface B1, C1) via audio amplifier inside the ASIC (D361). Input EPN1_FIL -
(Miscellaneous,D16) is used
to ASIC
from Bri
ht IC
EGOLD+
ASIC
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9 Display and Illumination
9.1 Display
9.1.1 Overview
CF62, CF62R, CF63 are a clamshell type mobile phone with two displays, which are integrated in one module. The Main – Colour Display is only visible when the phone is opened, whereas the small B/W Display is visible when the phone is closed. Besides the two displays the complete module consist of a Board to Board connector for connection to the mainboard via flex and contact pads.
9.1.1.1 Display module
The main display has a resolution of 130 x 130 square pixels with a colour depth of 65k. The sub display has a resolution of 96x64 square pixel. Main- and sub display are addressed via serial interface. The controllers are directly mounted on the panel of the display modul.
The display is provided with 2,9V from the ASIC (D361).
9.2 Illumination
9.2.1 Illumination
a) Keyboard
The 11 keypad LED´s will be mounted on the top side of the main PCB. The illumination of the keypad will be done via LEDs fed directly from the battery. The illumination is activated vie LIGHT_KB from the EGOLD+ (Miscellaneous,T17)
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b) Main Display
The 3 white LEDs for the main display are connected in series to guarantee nearly the same brightness for each of the 3 LEDs and thus ensure a homogeneous illumination of the display. The LEDs are supplied by a constant current source N1304 (VDDBOOST – 15V), giving the same brightness of the white backlight for each single phone and thus the same colours for the displays. The illumination is activated vie LIGHT_MAIN_DISPLAY from the EGOLD+
c) Sub Display
The sub display is illuminated by 2 blue LEDs which are connected in series. The illumination is activated vie LIGHT_SUB_DISPLAY from the EGOLD+ (GSM TDMA TIMER,G17)
(GSM TDMA TIMER,G15)
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d) Magic Ring
There are 7 LEDs around the keypad which have a lightguide mounted at the outer edge of the base part housing. This lightguide is visible for the user, even when the phone is closed (e.g. in standby mode). These LEDs form the so called “Magic Ring” – a special “Night Design” feature. All of these LEDs are connected directly to the battery voltage. EGold port pins (signals MAGIC1…7) and one MOSFET transistor is used for each LED, thus all “Magic Ring” LEDs can be switched independently. Additionally one PWM-controlled transistor is integrated in a common supply for these 7 LEDs. By adjusting the PWM the brightness for all magic ring LEDs can be controlled together. Further on the PWM is necessary to prevent a damage of the LEDs when the battery pack is fully charged.
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10 Keyboard
The keyboard is connected via the lines KB0 – KB9 with the EGOLD+. KB 7 is used for the ON/OFF switch. The lines KB0 – KB5 are used as output signals. In the matrix KB6, KB8 and KB9 are used as input signals for the EGOLD+.
11 Magnetic switch
A magnet is placed inside the lift housing. The magnetic switch S3000 is used to identifie the position of the housing. The output of the switch is connect to the EGOLD+ (Keypad,T11)
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