RayTek 3i User Manual

RAYNGER®

3i™ SERIES

OPERATOR’S MANUAL

	°F
	T°C
	SE
	L
	RC
	G
LO
RUN	(
▲
	O
▼	( )L
LOG	H
	I

▲

)Tamb

▼

DC

OUT

SET

RECALL• MODE

ACTIVATE• LOCK

LASER

Rev H 6/98 56700-1

WARRANTY

Raytek warrants each instrument it manufactures to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for the period of one year from date of purchase. This warranty extends only to the original purchaser. This warranty shall not apply to fuses, batteries, or any product which has been subject to misuse, neglect, accident, or abnormal conditions of operation.

In the event of failure of a product covered by this warranty, Raytek will repair the instrument when it is returned to an authorized Service Facility within one year of the original purchase, provided the warrantor’s examination discloses to its satisfaction that the product was defective. The warrantor may, at its option, replace the product in lieu of repair. With regard to any instrument returned within one year of the original purchase, said repairs or replacement will be made without charge. If the failure has been caused by misuse, neglect, accident, or abnormal conditions of operation, repairs will be billed at nominal cost. In such cases, an estimate will be submitted before work is started, if requested.

THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS, OR ADEQUACY FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE. RAYTEK SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT, OR OTHERWISE.

	WORLDWIDE HEADQUARTERS	EUROPEAN HEADQUARTERS
	Raytek Corporation	Raytek GmbH
	1201 Shaffer Road, PO Box 1820	Arkonastrasse 45-49
	Santa Cruz, CA 95061-1820 USA	D-13189 Berlin, Germany
	Portable Products Division	Phone [phone]
		FAX [phone]
	800 866 5478
	Phone [phone]
	Fax [phone]
	WORLD WIDE WEB
	www.raytek.com
	Offices worldwide:
	BRAZIL	MEXICO
	Raytek do Brasil	Raytek de Mexico
	Sorocaba, Brasil	Puebla, Mexico
	Phone [phone]	Phone [phone]
	CHINA	UNITED KINGDOM
	Raytek China Company	Raytek UK
	Beijing, China	Milton Keynes, UK
	Phone [phone]	Phone [phone]
	JAPAN
	Raytek Japan, Inc.
	Tokyo, Japan
	Phone [phone]

® Raytek and Raynger are registered trademarks and 3i is a trademark of Raytek Corporation © 1997 Copyright Raytek Corporation

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

1.0	INTRODUCTION.............................................................................	1-1
1.1	DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................	1-1
1.2	INVENTORY ..........................................................................................................	1-2
1.3	MODEL IDENTIFICATION.................................................................................	1-3

2.0	OPERATION ......................................................................................	2-1
2.1	QUICK START........................................................................................................	2-2
2.2	PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION............................................................................	2-3
2.3	YOUR PORTABLE INFRARED THERMOMETER...........................................	2-4
2.4	OPERATION AND CONTROLS.........................................................................	2-6

2.4.1		Battery/AC Adaptor Installation...................................................................	2-6
2.4.2 Control Panel and Display..............................................................................			2-7
2.4.3		Control System ...............................................................................................	2-10
	2.4.3.1	Control Loops ..............................................................................................	2-10
	2.4.3.2	General Information....................................................................................	2-11
2.4.4 RUN Loop—To Measure Temperature .......................................................			2-12
2.4.5 LOG Loop—To Measure and Store Temperature......................................			2-14
2.4.6 RECALL Loop—To Recall Measured Temperature ..................................			2-16
	2.4.6.1 RECALL Values from RUN .......................................................................		2-16
	2.4.6.2 RECALL Values from LOG........................................................................		2-17
2.4.7 SETUP Loop—To Setup and Activate Alarms and Features ...................			2-19
	2.4.7.1 SETUP Values for RUN ..............................................................................		2-19
	2.4.7.2 SETUP Values for LOG...............................................................................		2-21
2.5	USING A TRIPOD ...............................................................................................		2-22
2.6	DATA OUTPUTS .................................................................................................		2-23
2.6.1		Digital Output.................................................................................................	2-24
	2.6.1.1	Data Output—RUN Loop..........................................................................	2-24
	2.6.1.2	Data Output—SET Loop ............................................................................	2-25
	2.6.1.3 Data Output—LOG Run Loop ..................................................................		2-26
	2.6.1.4 Data Output—LOG SETUP Loop.............................................................		2-27
2.6.2		Analog Output................................................................................................	2-28
SECTION			PAGE

Raynger 3i Series Operator's Manual

Table of Contents

2.7	SIGHTING SYSTEMS..........................................................................................	2-29
2.7.1	Single Laser Sighting .....................................................................................	2-31
2.7.2	Dual Laser Sighting........................................................................................	2-31
2.7.3	Crossed Laser Sighting..................................................................................	2-32
2.7.4	Scope Sighting ................................................................................................	2-32

3.0	SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................	3-1
3.1	THERMAL ..............................................................................................................	3-1
3.2	OPERATIONAL .....................................................................................................	3-2
3.3	ELECTRICAL .........................................................................................................	3-3
3.4	ENVIRONMENTAL..............................................................................................	3-4
3.5	PHYSICAL ..............................................................................................................	3-4
3.6	DEFAULT VALUES ...............................................................................................	3-5
3.7	REGULATORY .......................................................................................................	3-6

4.0	MAINTENANCE...............................................................................	4-1
4.1	BATTERY REPLACEMENT .................................................................................	4-1
4.2	CLEANING ............................................................................................................	4-1
4.2.1	Front Window Cleaning..................................................................................	4-1
4.2.2	Cleaning the Housing......................................................................................	4-2
4.3	LASER MAINTENANCE .....................................................................................	4-2
SECTION		PAGE

Table of Contents

Raynger 3i Series Operator's Manual

...........................................................................APPENDIX A: OPTICAL	A-1
HOW TO READ THE OPTICAL CHARTS...................................................................	A-1
OPTICAL CHARTS ..........................................................................................................	A-2
APPENDIX B: OBJECT EMISSIVITY.......................................................	B-1
HOW TO DETERMINE OBJECT EMISSIVITY .............................................................	B-1
TYPICAL EMISSIVITY VALUES.....................................................................................	B-2
APPENDIX C: TROUBLESHOOTING ....................................................	C-1
APPENDIX D: OPTIONS AND ACCESSORIES...................................	D-1
APPENDIX E: TRACEABILITY OF
INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION ...............................................................	E-1
APPENDIX F: CE CONFORMITY FOR THE
EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ......................................................................	F-1

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

INDEX

Raynger 3i Series Operator's Manual

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Raynger 3i Series Operator's Manual

1.0INTRODUCTION

1.1DESCRIPTION

The Raynger® 3i™ series of instruments are portable infrared temperature measurement devices. Each model is rugged and easy to use for making fast, noncontact, nondestructive temperature measurements. They can measure operating temperatures of mechanical, electrical, or production equipment without removing the equipment from service. They can also measure product temperatures during manufacturing or storage without contaminating or marring the product. Table 1-1 lists the standard Raynger 3i models.

Table 1-1: Raynger 3i Models

	TEMPERATURE	OPTICAL	SPECTRAL
MODEL	RANGE	RESOLUTION	RANGE	SIGHTING
LTDL2 &	-30 to 1200° C	75:1	8-14	dual laser
LTDL3	(-20 to 2200° F)
LTSC	-30 to 1200° C	75:1	8-14	scope
	(-20 to 2200° F)
LTCL2 &	-30 to 1200° C	75:1	8-14	crossed laser
LTCL3	(-20 to 2200° F)
LRSC	-30 to 1200° C	120:1	8-14	scope
	(-20 to 2200° F)
LRSCL2	-30 to 1200° C	105:1	8-14	single laser with scope
	(-20 to 2200° F)
LRL2 &	-30 to 1200° C	120:1	8-14	single laser
LRL3	(-20 to 2200° F)
P7DL2 &	10 to 800° C	25:1	7.9	dual laser
P7DL3	(50 to 1450° F)
G5SC	150 to 1800° C	50:1	5.0	scope
	(300 to 3275° F)
1MSC	600 to 3000° C	180:1	1.0	scope
	(1100 to 5400° F)
1ML2 &	600 to 3000° C	180:1	1.0	single laser
1ML3	(1100 to 5400° F)
2MSC	200 to 1800° C	90:1	1.6	scope
	(400 to 3275° F)
2ML2 &	200 to 1800° C	90:1	1.6	single laser
2ML3	(400 to 3275° F)

Raynger 3i Series Operator’s Manual

1-1

Each model is molded from rugged, high-strength, solvent resistant plastic and is actuated by a two-stage trigger (second stage is used for data logging only). Each model has the following:

•High quality optical system

•Infrared detector

•Circuit board assembly with microprocessor

•LCD display with backlighting feature

•Touch-sensitive membrane switches for changing loops and modes

•Battery compartment for four AA batteries

•Power input jack for AC adaptor

•Signal output jack (analog 1mV per degree/digital RS232)

•A rugged, padded pouch for easy carrying

There are four types of laser sighting models:

•Single laser—shows the center of the measurement area.

•Dual laser—shows the spot diameter of the measurement area.

•Crossed laser—the point where the two laser beams cross is the location of the minimum diameter measurement spot.

•Single laser with scope

1.2INVENTORY

Your Raynger 3i package contains the following:

•Raynger 3i

•Carrying Case

•Operator’s Manual

•Four (4) AA batteries

•Warranty card

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1.3MODEL IDENTIFICATION

Refer to Table 1-1 for a list of standard models along with their temperature ranges, optical resolutions, spectral ranges, and sighting systems.

You can determine the exact model number of your unit by looking at the manufacturing label on the underside of the unit. On the label is an area for model designation. The model type is printed in the following format:

XXXYYYZZZZZ

where XXX is an abbreviation of the company name, YYY is the product (or abbreviation of the product name), and ZZZZZ is the model type. (Model type may be four or five characters long. Refer to Table 1-1 to compare the label to model type.)

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2.0OPERATION

This portion of the manual contains the following sections:

•Quick Start—To use your unit right away, follow the brief instructions on basic operating procedures in this section.

•Principles of Operation—A short introduction to infrared thermometry.

•Your Portable Infrared Thermometer—Describes and illustrates the thermometer’s control panel, display, and features.

•How to Operate—A detailed user guide that describes each of the operating modes. It includes descriptions of the RUN, RECALL, SETUP, and Data Logger loops.

•Data Outputs—How to use the analog and digital (RS232) outputs to connect the thermometer to a printer, chart recorder, or computer.

WARNING—LASER SAFETY

Models with laser sighting produce visible laser radiation that may be harmful to the human eye. Be aware of the following:

•Avoid direct exposure of human eyes to laser light. Eye damage can result.

•Use extreme caution when operating.

•Never point the unit at another person.

•Keep out of the reach of children.

•Refer to the FDA laser label on the unit for specific information.

IMPORTANT

1.If the unit is exposed to significant changes in ambient temperature (hot to cold or cold to hot), allow 45 minutes for temperature stabilization before taking measurements.

2.Do not operate the unit near large electrical or magnetic fields such as arc welders and induction heaters. These fields can cause measurement errors.

3.For the short wavelength units (e.g., 2 µm and below)—Avoid taking temperature measurements in bright sunlight. High levels of ambient light may produce apparently valid high-temperature readings when no target is in the thermometer’s field-of-view.

Raynger 3i Series Operator’s Manual

2-1

2-2

F.RECALL3i 1g Qu rUe I C2 -K 1 : S T QAT u R i c k

S t a r t

D i s p l a y

RUN	LOG RCL SET °C °F
LOG
	HI ( ) LO( ) Tamb
SET

Raynger 3i Series Operator’s Manual

2.2PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

An infrared thermometer and the human eye are very similar. An infrared thermometer has a lens that focuses infrared radiation from an object onto a detector. The eye focuses light onto the retina. The detector is stimulated by the incoming infrared energy and produces a signal that is transmitted to the circuitry. The retina is stimulated by incoming light and sends a signal to the brain. The circuitry processes this signal and computes the temperature of the object.

The intensity of an object’s emitted infrared energy increases or decreases in proportion to its temperature. The higher the temperature of the target, the greater the intensity of infrared radiation.

To calibrate a noncontact temperature measurement instrument, the manufacturer uses a blackbody. A blackbody is a perfect emitter because it absorbs and emits all radiant energy but reflects or transmits none. The emissivity value of a blackbody is 1.00. Figure 2-2 shows the radiant emittance values of a blackbody at various temperatures and wavelengths.

Most objects have emissivities that are less than 1.00 but are reasonably uniform at all wavelengths of the infrared spectrum. These are called graybodies. The non-ideal (less then 1.00) emissivity values of different materials can be compensated for, by the emissivity controls, so that accurate temperature readings can be obtained. Emissivity values for many common materials (both metals and non-metals) are listed in Appendix B.

Blackbody Radiant Emittance (Watt/cm2 )

10 2

10 1

1

10 -1																						1500°C (2730°F)
																						1000°C (1830°F)
																						542°C (1000°F)
10 -2																						260°C (490°F)
																						20°C (70°F)
10 -3
10 -4
		1	2	3		5	6			8											14
0					4			7			9		10		11		12		13
						Wavelength				(Microns)

Figure 2-2: Blackbody Radiation Curves

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2.3YOUR PORTABLE INFRARED THERMOMETER

Portable infrared thermometers measure surface temperatures without touching the surface. They collect the infrared energy radiated by a target and compute its surface temperature. They also compute the running average, maximum, minimum, and differential temperatures and present them on a digital display in either degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. A digital/analog output allows data recording, instrumentation or

process control, and/or remote display of temperature and emissivity. The instru-6(. The instr)7.6con

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Your portable thermometer has the following:

•Trigger—Two-stage trigger. The first stage activates the unit to take temperature readings. The second stage is functional only in the datalog mode. To store a temperature reading, pull the trigger all the way in until you hear the tone (the tone signals that the reading has been stored). When you release the trigger, the unit goes to sleep.

•Control Panel and Display—All controls (except the trigger) are located on the control panel. The display shows temperature and setup values, mode and loop status, and operating information.

•Sighting System—Laser or scope sighting is provided with each model.

Note: Read the laser warning label before operating the laser.

•Analog Output—Connects the instrument to analog recording/printing devices such as chart recorders and printers.

•Digital Output—An RS232 interface to connect the instrument to a computer or directly to a printer’s RS232 port.

•DC In—AC adaptor connection.

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2.4OPERATION AND CONTROLS

This section instructs you in the operation of the instrument. It describes battery and/or AC adaptor installation and the controls and functions of the different control loops and operating modes.

2.4.1Battery/AC Adaptor Installation

The instrument may be powered by batteries or an AC adaptor. Battery power is supplied by 4 “AA” batteries. The batteries are located in the base of the handle. AC power is supplied by an optional AC power adaptor (DIN VDE 0551 approved). NiCad batteries can also be used, but battery life will be substantially reduced. Figure 2-3 shows the location of the battery compartment, battery orientation, and the location of the AC adaptor power connection.

Table 2-1 shows approximate battery life (for alkaline batteries) for various operating conditions.

Table 2-1: Battery Life (Alkaline)

	CONDITION	HOURS OF
		CONTINUOUS USE
	Laser OFF Backlight OFF	25
	Laser ON Backlight OFF	12.5
	Laser OFF Backlight ON	12.5
	Laser ON Backlight ON	10
	"Sleep" mode (trigger off)	1 year

Notes: Battery types and brands vary in length of usable life. The values in Table 2-1 are approximate for new alkaline batteries. The instrument will continue to read accurately up to 4 hours after the low battery icon displays if the laser and backlight are off.

Remove the batteries if the unit is not used for long periods of time.

220 VAC adaptors must have DIN VDE 0551 approval to be used with IEC Class 2 laser units.

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2.4.2Control Panel and Display

Figure 2-4 shows the display and controls. Descriptions of these, in alphabetical order, follow the illustration.

Backlight on/off button

Run/Log selector switch

Setup button

Mode and Recall button

Laser on/off button

RUN	LOG RCL SET ° C ° F			Increase/up
				button
LOG
	HI (	) LO(	) Tamb	Decrease/down
SET				button
	RECALLMODE		ACTIVATE
	••		••	Activate and trigger
	RECALLMODE		LOCK
				lock button
		LASER

Data logger	Recall			Setup
icon	loop icon			loop icon

Trigger lock icon

Backlight icon

Mode display

Laser on/off LED

RUN	LOG RCL SET ° C ° F
LOG
	HI ( ) LO( ) Tamb
SET
	RECALLMODE	ACTIVATE
	••	••
	RECALLMODE	LOCK
		LASER

Celsius/Fahrenheit

icons

Temperature

display

High and low alarm icons

Ambient temperature compensation icon

Low battery icon

Emissivity display

Mode value display

Figure 2-4: The Control Panel and Display

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Activate button—Press the activate button to activate HAL, LAL, or TAM, or to toggle between DIG/ANA, or °C/°F, in the SET loop.

Backlight button and icon—The display has a backlight for working in low lighting conditions. Press the backlight button to activate or deactivate the backlight. The backlight icon is activated when the backlight is on. To save battery power, use the backlight only when necessary. Note that if the battery voltage falls below 4.0 V, the backlight will automatically turn off.

Low battery icon—The instrument is powered by four “AA” batteries. When the battery voltage falls below 4.6 V, the low battery icon is activated.

Note: Turning off the backlight and laser will extend the battery life (refer to Table 2-1 for battery life under various conditions).

Celsius/Fahrenheit icons—The °C and °F icons indicate which temperature scale has been selected.

LOG button and icon—Press the LOG/RUN button while you have the trigger pulled to toggle between the LOG and RUN loops. The LOG icon is activated when the instrument is in the LOG loop.

Emissivity display—The emissivity display shows the emissivity value selected in either the RUN, RECALL, or LOG loops.

▲ and ▼ buttons—▲ increases and ▼ decreases the emissivity settings, DOI rate,

HAL or LAL set-points, TAM, or the LOG location number.

High and Low alarm icons—These are activated when the corresponding alarms are activated. The HAL icon flashes and the buzzer sounds when measured temperature is greater than or equal to HAL and HAL is active. The LAL icon flashes and the buzzer sounds when the measured temperature is less than or equal to LAL and LAL is active. Note that when a high or low alarm condition is met and the unit is sending out RS232 data while in the Digital Output mode, the buzzer will make two tones: a normal tone followed by a higher pitched tone.

Laser on/off button and LED—Press the laser button to activate or deactivate the laser (RUN and LOG loops only). The laser LED is activated when the laser is activated. (Not applicable for the scope sighting model.) Note that if the battery voltage falls below 4.3 V, the laser will automatically turn off. Also, if the unit is in the LOCK mode, the laser will go off when the trigger is released.

Temperature display—Shows the current temperature (while the trigger is pulled) or the last temperature measured (when the RECALL button is pressed).

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Mode button—Press the mode button to change modes in any of the four loops.

Mode display and Mode value display—The Mode display shows the current mode selected. The mode value display shows the temperature, set-point, or LOG location value for the mode selected.

Recall button and icon—Press the RCL button to activate the RECALL loop. The RECALL loop may be used to recall values from either the RUN or LOG loops. The RCL icon is activated when the instrument is in the RECALL loop.

RUN button—Press the RUN/LOG button, when the trigger is pulled, to toggle between the RUN and LOG loops.

Setup button and icon—Press the SET button to activate the SETUP loop. The SETUP loop may be used to set values in either the RUN or LOG loops. The SET icon is activated when the instrument is in the SET loop.

Tamb icon—This is activated when the ambient temperature compensation function is activated. This feature only affects readings in the RUN loop; readings in the LOG loop are not affected.

Trigger lock icon—The small padlock is the trigger lock icon and is activated when LOCK is pressed while the trigger is pulled. To unlock the trigger, simply press the LOCK button again.

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2.4.3Control System

The control system consists of four loops: SET, RUN, RECALL and LOG. The instrument may be cycled to any of the four loops by using the trigger or control panel buttons, as shown below.

RUN	LOG RCL	SET °C °F	RUN LOG RCL	SET °C °F
LOG			LOG
	HI ( ) LO( ) Tamb		HI ( ) LO( ) Tamb
SET			SET
	MODE	ACTIVATE	MODE	ACTIVATE
	•	•	•	•
	RECALL	LOCK	RECALL	LOCK
	LASER		LASER

RUN LOG RCL SET °C °F

LOG

HI ( ) LO( ) Tamb

SET

MODE	ACTIVATE
•	•
RECALL	LOCK

LASER

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FRP•	e ruEU

2.4.3.1 Control Loops

Each control loop has several modes, which are described in the following sections.

2.4.3.2 General Information

Before you begin using your portable instrument, you should be aware of the following general operating rules:

•The instrument goes to “sleep” (low power consumption, no display, no laser, no backlight) after different times for each loop, as follows:

–SET Loop (after last button use): 10 seconds

–RUN Loop (after releasing the trigger): immediately

–RECALL Loop (after last button use): 10 seconds

_ LOG Loop (after releasing trigger): immediately

•The backlight can be turned on or off in any mode.

•The laser can be used only in the RUN and LOG loops.

•The trigger has two stages. The first stage is for measuring temperature. The second stage, when the trigger is pulled all the way in, is for storing temperature values in the LOG loop.

•The °C or °F icon flashes when the instrument is measuring temperature in the RUN or LOG loops. It does not flash when values are recalled.

•You can lock the trigger in the RUN loop and the LOG loop.

•You must release the trigger to go into the SET or RECALL loops.

•When you simultaneously press the MODE and ACTIVATE buttons while in the RUN loop, the instrument is reset to the RUN loop factory default settings (stored data is unaffected). In the LOG loop, pressing the MODE and ACTIVATE buttons not only resets the instrument to its LOG loop factory default settings, but also clears all previously stored data. In both cases, the instrument will “beep” after reinstalling the default settings. Section 3.6 lists default setting for each model as well as non-model-specific default settings and range values.

IMPORTANT

For the short wavelength units (e.g., 2 µm and below)—Avoid taking temperature measurements in bright sunlight. High levels of ambient light may produce apparently valid high-temperature readings when no target is in the thermometer’s field-of-view.

Raynger 3i Series Operator’s Manual

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2.4.4RUN Loop–To Measure Temperature

The RUN loop is for taking temperature measurements. Figure 2-6 illustrates the RUN loop.

MAX Mode	MIN Mode
	Current
	temperature
RUN LOG RCL SET °C °F	RUN LOG RCL SET °C °F
LOG	LOG
	MODE
HI ( ) LO( ) Tamb	HI ( ) LO( ) Tamb

SET

SET

RECALLMODE ACTIVATEACTIVATE

••	••
MODE	LOCK
RECALL	LOCK
LASER
LASER

MODE

Turn the trigger lock ( ) on or off with the Lock button

The °C (or °F) icon flashes when the trigger is pulled

RECALLMODE ACTIVATE

••	••
MODE	LOCK
RECALL	LOCK
LASER
LASER

MODE

RUN	LOG RCL SET	°C °F	RUN	LOG RCL SET	°C °F
LOG			LOG
			MODE
	HI ( ) LO( )	Tamb		HI ( ) LO( )	Tamb

SET

SET

Change emissivity

RECALLMODE	ACTIVATE	with the ▲ and ▼	RECALLMODE	ACTIVATE
••	••	buttons in any mode	••	••
MODE	LOCK		MODE	LOCK
RECALL	LOCK		RECALL	LOCK
LASER			LASER
LASER			LASER
AVG Mode			DIF Mode
	TRIGGER	BUTTON	LOOP ICON
Pulled or Locked		RUN	None

Figure 2-6: RUN Loop

To take a measurement, do the following:

1.Point the instrument at the target.

2.Pull the trigger (press the RUN/LOG button, if necessary, so that the LOG icon is not activated).

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